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Trinity Care Foundation is a network of highly accomplished and networked Public Health Professionals in Karnataka State, India. They aim to solve the challenges of Healthcare in India by working in Synergy with the Government system. At Trinity Care Foundation we aim to create a more efficient and effective social impact ecosystem using preventative healthcare system.
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Catalog #: 08_00811
Title: Space Shuttle Program
Date: 1981-2010
Additional Information: shows design for mission control area
Repository: San Diego Air and Space Museum Archive
Catalog #: 08_00890
Title: Space Shuttle Program
Date: 1981-2010
Additional Information: Space Shuttle Mission Profile
Repository: San Diego Air and Space Museum Archive
One of the joys we have in being human is in exercising our freedom to choose and to take each case as it comes to us. We are not robots who are forced into behaviors by their programming. We see things; we think about things; and we choose our course of action or beliefs appropriately. And as long as that remains true of us, we will live every day of our lives on one slippery slope or another. There is no reason to fear this.
Catalog #: 08_00848
Title: Space Shuttle Program
Date: 1981-2010
Additional Information: Columbia Landing
Repository: San Diego Air and Space Museum Archive
Title: Space Shuttle Program
Catalog #: 08_01042
Date: 1981-2010
Additional Information: Space Shuttle Concept
Repository: San Diego Air and Space Museum Archive
Among the galaxies, there are billions of planets and stars, among them, only a few million that support life. The inhabitants name this planet; Spectra.
The species that evolved into sentience was spread throughout the planet by a drastic geological event. This resulted in the isolated and continued evolution of new forms of previously similar species. Eventually, this resulted in over thirty species of sentient species inhabiting a planet far larger than any lesser planet; I.E. Earth. Eventually the barriers that created these species were broken due to natural weathering. The different colored species all adapted to their endemic environments were suddenly thrown into the mix together. At first, wars broke out and chaos reigned, but over a million years, give or take a few hundred thousands years, the dust settled and most of these genetically dissimilar species became one and unified. In the aftermath, the smartest and bravest of these factions crafted a way in which a war amongst the species would never again break out; The Archwielder Program.
Each species on this planet, that are related, have different colors due to the different environments that they adapted to over the millennia. Not only do they have different colors, but each individual has their own unique genetic ability. This planet is not like most planets. It was created by another race of mysterious beings that were able to fuse mechanical, biological, and cybernetic material together. This is how the beings of this world have abilities that would seem “supernatural” to an ignorant mind. These beings are inexplicably linked to their environments and because of this they have control over their environments.
The Archwielder Program was instituted by the survivors of the Millennial Wars the leading heads of which include; lieutenant Dextrix (Who was one of the elite guards for royalty and led the Golden Sect), Captain Dreadnaught(A rogue that took control of the rebellion), and Admiral Aurora(Who took charge of her own brigade of peacekeepers to keep the streets clean during the war).
The Archwielder Program’s initiative was to create a system in which individuals were sorted into the field that the individual excelled in or found interest in. These individuals were gathered into groups of the same species and then sent out across the planet to keep the peace in any way that they could in the environment they were most suited for.
The Districts of the planet are artificial by name alone but have been divided by the sloppy hand of nature itself. These districts include;
Stone District: Brown, Tan, Black, and Purple species reside hear.
Water District: Various shades of Blue reside hear.
Fire District: Various shades of red, orange, and yellow reside hear.
Electricity District: Various shades of yellow and green reside hear.
Flora District: Various shades of Green reside hear.
Radon District: Various shades of Phosphorescence reside hear.
Ice District: Various shades of white, blue, and transparents reside hear.
The unusual abilities of the members of each of these species include;
Red: Pyromancy, Magmanacy, etc.
Orange: Photokinesis, Levitation, Etc.
Yellow: Heliokinesis, Electrokinesis, etc.
Green: Aerokinesis, Air mimicry, etc.
Lime: Acidokinesis, Radiokinesis, etc.
Blue: Hydrokinesis, etc.
Purple: Crystallokinesis, etc.
Violet: Telekinesis, etc.
Brown: Ferrokinesis, Geokinesis, etc,
White: Cryokinesis, Umbrakinesis, etc.
Black: Necromancy, Geomancy, Levitation, etc.
Neons: Plasmakinesis, Dynamokinesis, etc.
Individuals within a specific species can also generate different abilities due to genetic variability granted from parental mating. When individuals of different species mate their offspring may have more of one parent’s abilities and color or a mixture creating a hybrid of abilities, or creation of new abilities altogether.
The ranks within the system include;
Scout: lowest ranking individual, new recruit learning in the academy, signified by three buttons of their respective color.
Gladiator: More experienced individual, knows their way around, signified by custom made holster of their respective make.
Warrior: At least 5 years of experience can defend themselves and knows which profession they are going into, signified by custom markings of their respective color.
Wielder: At least 10 years of experience, has near-complete control of their natural ability, signified by twin black straps over shoulders with respective make and color.
Lieutenant: At least 30 years of experience, has complete control of their natural ability, signified by ceremonial necklace of respective color and make.
Captain: At least 50 years of experience, has not only complete control of their natural abilities but has near-complete understanding of their role in the program, signified by armband of respective make and color.
Admiral: At least 100 years of experience, has complete and utter control of their ability to an extreme, is an expert in their field, signified by custom weapon of their respective color and design.
Archwielder: At least 200 years of experience, has such a complete understanding of their abilities and role within existence that they can only be challenged of an equally experienced individual, signified by lack of a weapon and evolution of facial mask/helmet of respective color and make.
The groups of individuals tasked with keeping quadrants/districts safe and free of unnecessary violence are known as Garrisons. These Garrisons are rotated semi-annually and the participants are also rotated to avoid creation of racial/genetic divisions amongst the students. The Garrisons that exist include;
The Lightning Garrison (Full Charge)
The Magma Garrison (Spicy Sauce)
The Bezerker Garrison (The Bludgeoners)
The Firecracker Garrison (Lit Fuses)
The Hydra Garrison (Ebb and Flow)
The Flora Garrison (Peace on Earth)
The Fauna Garrison (Tooth and Claw)
The Phota Garrison (Best and Brightest)
The Terra Garrison (The Crusties)
The Dust Devil Garrison (The Dust Devils)
Catalog #: 08_00956
Title: Space Shuttle Program
Date: 1981-2010
Additional Information: Space Shuttle Columbia
Repository: San Diego Air and Space Museum Archive
Catalog #: 08_00994
Title: Space Shuttle Program
Date: 1981-2010
Additional Information: shows the rear of a shuttle concept model
Repository: San Diego Air and Space Museum Archive
Catalog #: 08_00961
Title: Space Shuttle Program
Date: 1981-2010
Additional Information: Space Shuttle Concept
Repository: San Diego Air and Space Museum Archive
Pasted from Wikipedia: Bell-Boeing V-22 Osprey
• • • • •
The Bell-Boeing V-22 Osprey is a multi-mission, military, tiltrotor aircraft with both a vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL), and short takeoff and landing (STOL) capability. It is designed to combine the functionality of a conventional helicopter with the long-range, high-speed cruise performance of a turboprop aircraft.
The V-22 originated from the U.S. Department of Defense Joint-service Vertical take-off/landing Experimental (JVX) aircraft program started in 1981. It was developed jointly by the Bell Helicopter, and Boeing Helicopters team, known as Bell Boeing, which produce the aircraft.[4] The V-22 first flew in 1989, and began years of flight testing and design alterations.
The United States Marine Corps began crew training for the Osprey in 2000, and fielded it in 2007. The Osprey's other operator, the U.S. Air Force fielded their version of the tiltrotor in 2009. Since entering service with the U.S. Marine Corps and Air Force, the Osprey has been deployed for combat operations in Iraq and Afghanistan.
Contents
•• 1.2 Flight testing and design changes
• 2 Design
• 8 Notable appearances in media
Development
Early development
The failure of the Iran hostage rescue mission in 1980 demonstrated to the United States military a need[5] for "a new type of aircraft, that could not only take off and land vertically but also could carry combat troops, and do so at speed."[6] The U.S. Department of Defense began the Joint-service Vertical take-off/landing Experimental (JVX) aircraft program in 1981, under U.S. Army leadership. Later the U.S. Navy/Marine Corps took the lead.[7][8] The JVX combined requirements from the Marine Corps, Air Force, Army and Navy.[9][10] A request for proposals (RFP) was issued in December 1982 for JVX preliminary design work. Interest in the program was expressed by Aérospatiale, Bell Helicopter, Boeing Vertol, Grumman, Lockheed, and Westland. The DoD pushed for contractors to form teams. Bell partnered with Boeing Vertol. The Bell Boeing team submitted a proposal for a enlarged version of the Bell XV-15 prototype on 17 February 1983. This was the only proposal received and a preliminary design contract was awarded on 26 April 1983.[11][12]
The JVX aircraft was designated V-22 Osprey on 15 January 1985; by March that same year the first six prototypes were being produced, and Boeing Vertol was expanded to deal with the project workload.[13][14] Work has been split evenly between Bell and Boeing. Bell Helicopter manufactures and integrates the wing, nacelles, rotors, drive system, tail surfaces, and aft ramp, as well as integrates the Rolls-Royce engines and performs final assembly. Boeing Helicopters manufactures and integrates the fuselage, cockpit, avionics, and flight controls.[4][15] The USMC variant of the Osprey received the MV-22 designation and the Air Force variant received CV-22; reversed from normal procedure to prevent Marine Ospreys from having a conflicting designation with aircraft carriers (CV).[16] Full-scale development of the V-22 tilt-rotor aircraft began in 1986.[2] On 3 May 1986 the Bell-Boeing partnership was awarded a $1.714 billion contract for V-22 aircraft by the Navy, thus at this point the project had acquisition plans with all four arms of the U.S. military.[17]
The first V-22 was rolled out with significant media attention in May 1988.[18][19] However the project suffered several political blows. Firstly in the same year, the Army left the program, citing a need to focus its budget on more immediate aviation programs.[20] The project also faced considerable dialogue in the Senate, surviving two votes that both could have resulted in cancellation.[21][22] Despite the Senate's decision, the Department of Defense instructed the Navy not to spend more money on the Osprey.[23] At the same time, the Bush administration sought the cancellation of the project.[23]
Flight testing and design changes
The first of six MV-22 prototypes first flew on 19 March 1989 in the helicopter mode,[24] and on 14 September 1989 as a fixed-wing plane.[25] The third and fourth prototypes successfully completed the Osprey's first Sea Trials on the USS Wasp in December 1990.[26] However, the fourth and fifth prototypes crashed in 1991-92.[27] Flight tests were resumed in August 1993 after changes were incorporated in the prototypes.[2] From October 1992 until April 1993, Bell and Boeing redesigned the V-22 to reduce empty weight, simplify manufacture and reduce production costs. This redesigned version became the B-model.[28]
Flight testing of four full-scale development V-22s began in early 1997 when the first pre-production V-22 was delivered to the Naval Air Warfare Test Center, Naval Air Station Patuxent River, Maryland. The first EMD flight took place on 5 February 1997. The first of four low rate initial production aircraft, ordered on 28 April 1997, was delivered on 27 May 1999. Osprey number 10 completed the program's second Sea Trials, this time from the USS Saipan in January 1999.[2] During external load testing in April 1999, Boeing used a V-22 to lift and transport the M777 howitzer.[29] In 2000, Boeing announced that the V-22 would be fitted with a nose-mounted GAU-19 Gatling gun,[30] but the GAU-19 gun was later canceled.[31]
In 2000, there were two further fatal crashes, killing a total of 19 Marines, and the production was again halted while the cause of these crashes was investigated and various parts were redesigned.[32] The V-22 completed its final operational evaluation in June 2005. The evaluation was deemed successful; events included long range deployments, high altitude, desert and shipboard operations. The problems identified in various accidents had been addressed.[33]
Controversy
The V-22's development process has been long and controversial, partly due to its large cost increases.[34] When the development budget, first planned for $2.5 billion in 1986, increased to a projected $30 billion in 1988, then-Defense Secretary Dick Cheney tried to zero out its funding. He was eventually overruled by Congress.[32] As of 2008, $27 billion have been spent on the Osprey program and another $27.2 billion will be required to complete planned production numbers by the end of the program.[2]
The V-22 squadron's former commander at Marine Corps Air Station New River, Lt. Colonel Odin Lieberman, was relieved of duty in 2001 after allegations that he instructed his unit that they needed to falsify maintenance records to make the plane appear more reliable.[2][35] Three officers were later implicated in the falsification scandal.[34]
The aircraft is incapable of autorotation, and is therefore unable to land safely in helicopter mode if both engines fail. A director of the Pentagon's testing office in 2005 said that if the Osprey loses power while flying like a helicopter below 1,600 feet (490 m), emergency landings "are not likely to be survivable". But Captain Justin (Moon) McKinney, a V-22 pilot, says that this will not be a problem, "We can turn it into a plane and glide it down, just like a C-130".[31] A complete loss of power would require the failure of both engines, as a drive shaft connects the nacelles through the wing; one engine can power both proprotors.[36] While vortex ring state (VRS) contributed to a deadly V-22 accident, the aircraft is less susceptible to the condition than conventional helicopters and recovers more quickly.[5] The Marines now train new pilots in the recognition of and recovery from VRS and have instituted operational envelope limits and instrumentation to help pilots avoid VRS conditions.[32][37]
It was planned in 2000 to equip all V-22s with a nose-mounted Gatling gun, to provide "the V-22 with a strong defensive firepower capability to greatly increase the aircraft's survivability in hostile actions."[30] The nose gun project was canceled however, leading to criticism by retired Marine Corps Commandant General James L. Jones, who is not satisfied with the current V-22 armament.[31] A belly-mounted turret was later installed on some of the first V-22s sent to the War in Afghanistan in 2009.[38]
With the first combat deployment of the MV-22 in October 2007, Time Magazine ran an article condemning the aircraft as unsafe, overpriced, and completely inadequate.[31] The Marine Corps, however, responded with the assertion that much of the article's data were dated, obsolete, inaccurate, and reflected expectations that ran too high for any new field of aircraft.[39]
Recent development
On 28 September 2005, the Pentagon formally approved full-rate production for the V-22.[40] The plan is to boost production from 11 a year to between 24 and 48 a year by 2012. Of the 458 total planned, 360 are for the Marine Corps, 48 for the Navy, and 50 for the Air Force at an average cost of $110 million per aircraft, including development costs.[2] The V-22 had an incremental flyaway cost of $70 million per aircraft in 2007,[3] but the Navy hopes to shave about $10 million off that cost after a five-year production contract starts in 2008.[41]
The Bell-Boeing Joint Project Office in Amarillo, Texas will design a new integrated avionics processor to resolve electronics obsolescence issues and add new network capabilities.[42]
Design
The Osprey is the world's first production tiltrotor aircraft, with one three-bladed proprotor, turboprop engine, and transmission nacelle mounted on each wingtip. It is classified as a powered lift aircraft by the Federal Aviation Administration.[43] For takeoff and landing, it typically operates as a helicopter with the nacelles vertical (rotors horizontal). Once airborne, the nacelles rotate forward 90° in as little as 12 seconds for horizontal flight, converting the V-22 to a more fuel-efficient, higher-speed turboprop airplane. STOL rolling-takeoff and landing capability is achieved by having the nacelles tilted forward up to 45°. For compact storage and transport, the V-22's wing rotates to align, front-to-back, with the fuselage. The proprotors can also fold in a sequence taking 90 seconds.[44]
Most Osprey missions will use fixed wing flight 75 percent or more of the time, reducing wear and tear on the aircraft and reducing operational costs.[45] This fixed wing flight is higher than typical helicopter missions allowing longer range line-of-sight communications and so improved command and control.[2] Boeing has stated the V-22 design loses 10% of its vertical lift over a Tiltwing design when operating in helicopter mode because of airflow resistance due to the wings, but that the Tiltrotor design has better short takeoff and landing performance.[46]
The V-22 is equipped with a glass cockpit, which incorporates four Multi-function displays (MFDs) and one shared Central Display Unit (CDU), allowing the pilots to display a variety of images including: digimaps centered or decentered on current position, FLIR imagery, primary flight instruments, navigation (TACAN, VOR, ILS, GPS, INS), and system status. The flight director panel of the Cockpit Management System (CMS) allows for fully-coupled (aka: autopilot) functions which will take the aircraft from forward flight into a 50-foot hover with no pilot interaction other than programming the system.[47] The glass cockpit of the canceled CH-46X was derived from the V-22.[48]
The V-22 is a fly-by-wire aircraft with triple-redundant flight control systems.[49] With the nacelles pointing straight up in conversion mode at 90° the flight computers command the aircraft to fly like a helicopter, with cyclic forces being applied to a conventional swashplate at the rotor hub. With the nacelles in airplane mode (0°) the flaperons, rudder, and elevator fly the aircraft like an airplane. This is a gradual transition and occurs over the rotation range of the nacelles. The lower the nacelles, the greater effect of the airplane-mode control surfaces.[50] The nacelles can rotate past vertical to 97.5° for rearward flight.[51][52]
The Osprey can be armed with one M240 7.62x51mm NATO (.308 in caliber) or M2 .50 in caliber (12.7 mm) machine gun on the loading ramp, that can be fired rearward when the ramp is lowered. A GAU-19 three-barrel .50 in gatling gun mounted below the V-22's nose has also been studied for future upgrade.[31][53] BAE Systems developed a remotely operated turreted weapons system for the V-22,[54] which was installed on half of the first V-22s deployed to Afghanistan in 2009.[38] The 7.62 mm belly gun turret is remotely operated by a gunner inside the aircraft, who acquires targets with a separate pod using color television and forward looking infrared imagery.
U.S. Naval Air Systems Command is working on upgrades to increase the maximum speed from 250 knots (460 km/h; 290 mph) to 270 knots (500 km/h; 310 mph), increase helicopter mode altitude limit from 10,000 feet (3,000 m) to 12,000 feet (3,700 m) or 14,000 feet (4,300 m), and increase lift performance.[55]
Operational history
US Marine Corps
Marine Corps crew training on the Osprey has been conducted by VMMT-204 since March 2000. On 3 June 2005, the Marine Corps helicopter squadron Marine Medium Helicopter 263 (HMM-263), stood down to begin the process of transitioning to the MV-22 Osprey.[56] On 8 December 2005, Lieutenant General Amos, commander of the II MEF, accepted the delivery of the first fleet of MV-22s, delivered to HMM-263. The unit reactivated on 3 March 2006 as the first MV-22 squadron and was redesignated VMM-263. On 31 August 2006, VMM-162 (the former HMM-162) followed suit. On 23 March 2007, HMM-266 became Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron 266 (VMM-266) at Marine Corps Air Station New River, North Carolina.[57]
The Osprey has been replacing existing CH-46 Sea Knight squadrons.[58] The MV-22 reached initial operational capability (IOC) with the U.S. Marine Corps on 13 June 2007.[1] On 10 July 2007 an MV-22 Osprey landed aboard the Royal Navy aircraft carrier, HMS Illustrious in the Atlantic Ocean. This marked the first time a V-22 had landed on any non-U.S. vessel.[59]
On 13 April 2007, the U.S. Marine Corps announced that it would be sending ten V-22 aircraft to Iraq, the Osprey's first combat deployment. Marine Corps Commandant, General James Conway, indicated that over 150 Marines would accompany the Osprey set for September deployment to Al-Asad Airfield.[60][61] On 17 September 2007, ten MV-22Bs of VMM-263 left for Iraq aboard the USS Wasp. The decision to use a ship rather than use the Osprey's self-deployment capability was made because of concerns over icing during the North Atlantic portion of the trip, lack of available KC-130s for mid-air refueling, and the availability of the USS Wasp.[62]
The Osprey has provided support in Iraq, racking up some 2,000 flight hours over three months with a mission capable availability rate of 68.1% as of late-January 2008.[63] They are primarily used in Iraq's western Anbar province for routine cargo and troop movements, and also for riskier "aero-scout" missions. General David Petraeus, the top U.S. military commander in Iraq, used one to fly around Iraq on Christmas Day 2007 to visit troops.[64] Then-presidential candidate Barack Obama also flew in Ospreys during his high profile 2008 tour of Iraq.[65]
The only major problem has been obtaining the necessary spare parts to maintain the aircraft.[66] The V-22 had flown 3,000 sorties totaling 5,200 hours in Iraq as of July 2008.[67] USMC leadership expect to deploy MV-22s to Afghanistan in 2009.[66][68] General George J. Trautman, III praised the increased range of the V-22 over the legacy helicopters in Iraq and said that "it turned his battle space from the size of Texas into the size of Rhode Island."[69]
Naval Air Systems Command has devised a temporary fix for sailors to place portable heat shields under Osprey engines to prevent damage to the decks of some of the Navy's smaller amphibious ships, but they determined that a long term solution to the problem would require these decks be redesigned with heat resistant deck coatings, passive thermal barriers and changes in ship structure in order to operate V-22s and F-35Bs.[70]
A Government Accountability Office study reported that by January 2009 the Marines had 12 MV-22s operating in Iraq and they managed to successfully complete all assigned missions. The same report found that the V-22 deployments had mission capable rates averaging 57% to 68% and an overall full mission capable rate of only 6%. It also stated that the aircraft had shown weakness in situational awareness, maintenance, shipboard operations and the ability to transport troops and external cargo.[71] That study also concluded that the "deployments confirmed that the V-22’s enhanced speed and range enable personnel and internal cargo to be transported faster and farther than is possible with the legacy helicopters it is replacing".[71]
The MV-22 saw its first offensive combat mission, Operation Cobra's Anger on 4 December 2009. Ospreys assisted in inserting 1,000 Marines and 150 Afghan troops into the Now Zad Valley of Helmand Province in southern Afghanistan to disrupt communication and supply lines of the Taliban.[38] In January 2010 the MV-22 Osprey is being sent to Haiti as part of Operation Unified Response relief efforts after the earthquake there. This will be the first use the Marine V-22 in a humanitarian mission.[72]
US Air Force
The Air Force's first operational CV-22 Osprey was delivered to the 58th Special Operations Wing (58th SOW) at Kirtland Air Force Base, New Mexico on 20 March 2006. This and subsequent aircraft will become part of the 58th SOW's fleet of aircraft used for training pilots and crew members for special operations use.[73] On 16 November 2006, the Air Force officially accepted the CV-22 in a ceremony conducted at Hurlburt Field, Florida.[74]
The US Air Force's first operational deployment of the Osprey sent four CV-22s to Mali in November 2008 in support of Exercise Flintlock. The CV-22s flew nonstop from Hurlburt Field, Florida with in-flight refueling.[5] AFSOC declared that the 8th Special Operations Squadron reached Initial Operational Capability on 16 March 2009, with six of its planned nine CV-22s operational.[75]
In June 2009, CV-22s of the 8th Special Operations Squadron delivered 43,000 pounds (20,000 kg) of humanitarian supplies to remote villages in Honduras that were not accessible by conventional vehicles.[76] In November 2009, the 8th SO Squadron and its six CV-22s returned from a three-month deployment in Iraq.[77]
The first possible combat loss of an Osprey occurred on 9 April, 2010, as a CV-22 went down near Qalat, Zabul Province, Afghanistan, killing four.[78][79]
Potential operators
In 1999 the V-22 was studied for use in the United Kingdom's Royal Navy,[80] it has been raised several times as a candidate for the role of Maritime Airborne Surveillance and Control (MASC).[81]
Israel had shown interest in the purchase of MV-22s, but no order was placed.[82][83] Flightglobal reported in late 2009 that Israel has decided to wait for the CH-53K instead.[84]
The V-22 Osprey is a candidate for the Norwegian All Weather Search and Rescue Helicopter (NAWSARH) that is planned to replace the Westland Sea King Mk.43B of the Royal Norwegian Air Force in 2015.[85] The other candidates for the NAWSARH contract of 10-12 helicopters are AgustaWestland AW101 Merlin, Eurocopter EC225, NHIndustries NH90 and Sikorsky S-92.[86]
Bell Boeing has made an unsolicited offer of the V-22 for US Army medical evacuation needs.[87] However the Joint Personnel Recovery Agency issued a report that said that a common helicopter design would be needed for both combat recovery and medical evacuation and that the V-22 would not be suitable for recovery missions because of the difficulty of hoist operations and lack of self-defense capabilities.[88]
The US Navy remains a potential user of the V-22, but its role and mission with the Navy remains unclear. The latest proposal is to replace the C-2 Greyhound with the V-22 in the fleet logistics role. The V-22 would have the advantage of being able to land on and support non-carriers with rapid delivery of supplies and people between the ships of a taskforce or to ships on patrol beyond helicopter range.[89] Loren B. Thompson of the Lexington Institute has suggested V-22s for use in combat search and rescue and Marine One VIP transport, which also need replacement aircraft.[90]
Variants
• V-22A
•• Pre-production full-scale development aircraft used for flight testing. These are unofficially considered A-variants after 1993 redesign.[91]
• HV-22
•• The U.S. Navy considered an HV-22 to provide combat search and rescue, delivery and retrieval of special warfare teams along with fleet logistic support transport. However, it chose the MH-60S for this role in 1992.[92]
• SV-22
•• The proposed anti-submarine warfare Navy variant. The Navy studied the SV-22 in the 1980s to replace S-3 and SH-2 aircraft.[93]
• MV-22B
•• Basic U.S. Marine Corps transport; original requirement for 552 (now 360). The Marine Corps is the lead service in the development of the V-22 Osprey. The Marine Corps variant, the MV-22B, is an assault transport for troops, equipment and supplies, capable of operating from ships or from expeditionary airfields ashore. It is replacing the Marine Corps' CH-46E[57] and CH-53D.[94]
• CV-22B
•• Air Force variant for the U.S. Special Operations Command (USSOCOM). It will conduct long-range, special operations missions, and is equipped with extra fuel tanks and terrain-following radar.[95][96]
Operators
•• 8th Special Operations Squadron (8 SOS) at Hurlburt Field, Florida
•• 71st Special Operations Squadron (71 SOS) at Kirtland Air Force Base, New Mexico
•• 20th Special Operations Squadron (20 SOS) at Cannon Air Force Base, New Mexico
•• VMM-161
•• VMM-162
•• VMM-261
•• VMM-263
•• VMM-264
•• VMM-266
•• VMM-365
•• VMMT-204 - Training squadron
•• VMX-22 - Marine Tiltrotor Operational Test and Evaluation Squadron
Notable accidents
Main article: Accidents and incidents involving the V-22 Osprey
From 1991 to 2000 there were four significant crashes, and a total of 30 fatalities, during testing.[32] Since becoming operational in 2007, the V-22 has had one possible combat loss due to an unknown cause, no losses due to accidents, and seven other notable, but minor, incidents.
• On 11 June 1991, a mis-wired flight control system led to two minor injuries when the left nacelle struck the ground while the aircraft was hovering 15 feet (4.6 m) in the air, causing it to bounce and catch fire.[97]
• On 20 July 1992, a leaking gearbox led to a fire in the right nacelle, causing the aircraft to drop into the Potomac River in front of an audience of Congressmen and other government officials at Quantico, killing all seven on board and grounding the aircraft for 11 months.[98]
• On 8 April 2000, a V-22 loaded with Marines to simulate a rescue, attempted to land at Marana Northwest Regional Airport in Arizona, stalled when its right rotor entered vortex ring state, rolled over, crashed, and exploded, killing all 19 on board.[37]
• On 11 December 2000, after a catastrophic hydraulic leak and subsequent software instrument failure, a V-22 fell 1,600 feet (490 m) into a forest in Jacksonville, North Carolina, killing all four aboard. This caused the Marine Corps to ground their fleet of eight V-22s, the second grounding that year.[99][100]
Specifications (MV-22B)
Data from Boeing Integrated Defense Systems,[101] Naval Air Systems Command,[102] US Air Force CV-22 fact sheet,[95] Norton,[103] and Bell[104]
General characteristics
• Crew: Four (pilot, copilot and two flight engineers)
• Capacity: 24 troops (seated), 32 troops (floor loaded) or up to 15,000 lb (6,800 kg) of cargo (dual hook)
• Length: 57 ft 4 in (17.5 m)
• Rotor diameter: 38 ft 0 in (11.6 m)
• Wingspan: 45 ft 10 in (14 m)
• Width with rotors: 84 ft 7 in (25.8 m)
• Height: 22 ft 1 in/6.73 m; overall with nacelles vertical (17 ft 11 in/5.5 m; at top of tailfins)
• Disc area: 2,268 ft² (212 m²)
• Wing area: 301.4 ft² (28 m²)
• Empty weight: 33,140 lb (15,032 kg)
• Loaded weight: 47,500 lb (21,500 kg)
• Max takeoff weight: 60,500 lb (27,400 kg)
• Powerplant: 2× Rolls-Royce Allison T406/AE 1107C-Liberty turboshafts, 6,150 hp (4,590 kW) each
Performance
• Maximum speed: 250 knots (460 km/h, 290 mph) at sea level / 305 kn (565 km/h; 351 mph) at 15,000 ft (4,600 m)[105]
• Cruise speed: 241 knots (277 mph, 446 km/h) at sea level
• Range: 879 nmi (1,011 mi, 1,627 km)
• Combat radius: 370 nmi (426 mi, 685 km)
• Ferry range: 1,940 nmi (with auxiliary internal fuel tanks)
• Service ceiling: 26,000 ft (7,925 m)
• Rate of climb: 2,320 ft/min (11.8 m/s)
• Disc loading: 20.9 lb/ft² at 47,500 lb GW (102.23 kg/m²)
• Power/mass: 0.259 hp/lb (427 W/kg)
Armament
• 1× M240 machine gun on ramp, optional
Notable appearances in media
Main article: Aircraft in fiction#V-22 Osprey
See also
• Elizabeth A. Okoreeh-Baah, USMC - first female to pilot a V-22 Osprey
Related development
Comparable aircraft
Related lists
• List of military aircraft of the United States
References
Bibliography
• Markman, Steve and Bill Holder. "Bell/Boeing V-22 Osprey Tilt-Engine VTOL Transport (U.S.A.)". Straight Up: A History of Vertical Flight. Schiffer Publishing, 2000. ISBN 0-7643-1204-9.
• Norton, Bill. Bell Boeing V-22 Osprey, Tiltrotor Tactical Transport. Midland Publishing, 2004. ISBN 1-85780-165-2.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: V-22 Osprey
• V-22 Osprey web, and www.history.navy.mil/planes/v-22.html
• CV-22 fact sheet on USAF site
• www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/aircraft/v-22.htm
• www.airforce-technology.com/projects/osprey/
• "Flight of the Osprey", US Navy video of V-22 operations
Catalog #: 08_00971
Title: Space Shuttle Program
Date: 1981-2010
Additional Information: Space Shuttle Concept
Repository: San Diego Air and Space Museum Archive
Catalog #: 08_00897
Title: Space Shuttle Program
Date: 1981-2010
Additional Information: Space Shuttle Atlantis
Repository: San Diego Air and Space Museum Archive
Catalog #: 08_00995
Title: Space Shuttle Program
Date: 1981-2010
Additional Information: shows the rear of a shuttle concept model
Repository: San Diego Air and Space Museum Archive
Catalog #: 08_00875
Title: Space Shuttle Program
Date: 5/4-8/89
Additional Information: The Space Shuttle
Repository: San Diego Air and Space Museum Archive
Ospite su NO LIMITS Radio Ulisse "La storia artistica"
Appuntamento domani su NO LIMITS Radio con Ulisse "La storia artistica" condotto da Alessandro Salvioli alle 7:00 e in replica alle 10:00 e sabato con Ulisse "News e curiosità" alle 8:30 e in replica alle 11:30! Storie di arte, emozioni e vita vissuta!
STEFANIA VISCONTI attrice, modella, actress, model, performer, trasformista, disponibile per collaborazioni artistiche di vario genere, teatro, cinema, tv, cortometraggi, shooting fotografici, esibizioni dal vivo. Disponibilità di spostamento in tutta Italia e all'Estero.
Per qualsiasi informazione ulteriore e collaborazione potete scrivere a viscontistefy@libero.it
STEFANIA VISCONTI is an Italian transgendered actress, model, chameleon-like performer, and activist. She is available for a variety of arts and entertainment projects, including theatrical performances, long and short films, TV programs, photo shootings, live performances. She is willing to travel anywhere in Italy and abroad. For further information, write to viscontistefy@libero.it. You will find other links to some of her personal pages below
Catalog #: 08_00866
Title: Space Shuttle Program
Date: 1973
Additional Information: The Space Shuttle
Repository: San Diego Air and Space Museum Archive
From Les Menus & Programmes Illustrés - Invitations - Billets de Faire-Part - Cartes d'Adresses - Petites Estampes du XVIIème Siècle jusqu'à nos jours.
By Léon Maillard. Published 1898 by G. Boudet, Paris.
The Revera and Reel Youth Age is More Film Project is an intergenerational partnership between Revera, a Canadian leader in seniors' accommodation, care and services, and Reel Youth, a charitable project that empowers youth to create engaging films about important social issues. The partnership was launched in 2013.
With 80 films to date, the program celebrates older Canadians through story-telling and film, with the added benefit of fostering new intergenerational relationships. The project aims to shed light on ageism, challenge the assumptions of aging and recognize the valuable contributions of older adults to society.
The Revera and Reel Youth Age is More Film Project is an intergenerational partnership between Revera, a Canadian leader in seniors' accommodation, care and services, and Reel Youth, a charitable project that empowers youth to create engaging films about important social issues. The partnership was launched in 2013.
With 80 films to date, the program celebrates older Canadians through story-telling and film, with the added benefit of fostering new intergenerational relationships. The project aims to shed light on ageism, challenge the assumptions of aging and recognize the valuable contributions of older adults to society.
WAT PHA LUANG TA BUA — better known among travelers as “Tiger Temple” — is probably the most controversial temple in Southeast Asia.
The Tiger Temple in the western province of Kanchanaburi - about 80 km from Bangkok - began life in 1999 when the first female cub was brought to Wat Pa Luangta Bua Yannasampanno, a Buddhist sanctuary, and was cared for by the monks.
Later, several tiger cubs were given to the temple.
As of January 2016, the number of tigers living at the temple exceeded 150
While walking in the temple grounds, visitors will run into countless peacocks, bulls and wild boar. The highlight, however, is the chance to get up close and personal with a tiger.
While other animals walk freely in the temple grounds, the tigers are on leashes and chained when they are public areas.
Widely known as the Tiger Temple, the monastry became famous worldwide in 2004 after western media outlets such as Animal Planet began airing stories about the Buddhist monks who take care of abandoned and orphaned tigers.
Since then, it has evolved into a much larger wildlife haven and is now a major tourist attraction in Thailand.
It is one of the few places in the world that allows visitors to touch tigers.
For a basic entrance fee - or 'donation' - of 600 baht , visitors get a tour of the site and the chance to enter the sanctuary's Tiger Canyon, a quarry with a rocky pool at one end containing a dozen or so sleeping tigers chained to the ground.
During a small half-hour window, tourists have the option of being escorted around the quarry with two volunteers so they can pet each tiger while they sleep. One volunteer keeps an eye on the tiger while the other takes charge of tourist's camera and snaps away as they touch the big cats.
Many online forums discussing the temple contain fierce debate of the ethical issues surrounding such a tourist attraction.
This picture was taken hours before the temple was closed to tourists and visitors.
© Rajesh Pamnani 2016
Statesmen’s Forum featuring NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg as he considers the challenges facing the Transatlantic Alliance and the ways in which NATO must adapt. What are the challenges posed by a more assertive Russia? Are its aggressive actions in Ukraine part of a larger pattern? With state and non-state actors employing hybrid and asymmetrical warfare tactics on multiple fronts, how is NATO adapting its strategy and posture in order to effectively combat these often unclear and ambiguous threats? As the Alliance seeks to deliver on its mandate of preserving the freedom and security of all its members, Secretary General Stoltenberg will consider these questions and offer his insights on the future of NATO in this changing security environment.
Featuring
Mr. Jens Stoltenberg
Secretary General of NATO
With introductory remarks by
Dr. John J. Hamre
President, CEO, and
The Pritzker Chair, CSIS
Moderated by
Ms. Heather A. Conley
Senior Vice President for Europe, Eurasia, and the Arctic
Director, CSIS Europe Program
11:00am - 12:00pm
Wednesday, May 27, 2015
CSIS | 2nd Floor Conference Center
1616 Rhode Island Avenue NW
Washington, D.C. 20036
This event is made possible by general support to CSIS.
Programs
EUROPE PROGRAM, STATESMEN'S FORUM
Topics
DEFENSE AND SECURITY, INTERNATIONAL SECURITY, NUCLEAR WEAPONS, ACQUISITION AND RESOURCES, MILITARY STRATEGY, GLOBAL TRENDS AND FORECASTING, GOVERNANCE
Regions
EASTERN EUROPE, EUROPE, NATO, NORTH AMERICA, RUSSIA, RUSSIA AND EURASIA, WESTERN EUROPE
Captain Jeb puts the Civvie through some high-performance flight maneuvers to really test out its capabilities. This was done at 2.5km to allow plenty of room for error and included steep turns, stalls and dives