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The interior of Mill Green signal box on the outskirts of Spalding, showing the 21 lever Saxby & Farmer Duplex frame and gate wheel for the adjacent crossing. The box was on the GN & GE Joint Railway had opened in 1882 and had probably contained a Stevens frame when first opened. The Saxby & Farmer frame was secondhand in 1931 and had been installed when an Up Goods Loop and an Down Goods line from Spalding No.2 had been brought into use. The Down Goods line was taken out-of-use in July 1973 and the Up goods Loop was abolished on 17th October 1982.
The Brass Mill, Keynsham, Somerset, 8 December 2020. Built Late 18th Century as a brass mill, it is now a pub. This section of the River Avon was one of the most important areas of England's brass industry and its archaelogical remains. Note the wharf and the bricked-up goods entrance to the mill. Also note the algae growth on the mill pond. The upper floor is now the dining room of the pub (see next photos).
The other of the pair of ERF EC11 and bulker trailers used to shunt wheat between the quayside and storage silo that I happened across when they were working at Chancelot Mill, Leith Docks.
It was in 1852 that Fred Graue entered his mill and turned the wheel that opened the sluice gates outside. Water from Salt Creek rushed into the millrace and the wooden waterwheel began to turn for the first time. It would turn the machinery that would grind grain for the next seventy years. Today it remains as the only operating waterwheel gristmill in the Chicago area.
Preston Mill, East Linton, about 20 miles from Edinburgh.
Textures courtesy of Kim Klassen.
Best viewed on black (Press L).
Call it a fantasy mill, in Babcock State Park, above the New River in West Virginia. The mill's not the reason we vacation at Babcock, but it's the main attraction for many visitors.
There are a couple standard views of this building, taken by thousands of photographers (certainly including me); this isn't one of those. But it's photogenic from this angle as well.
Most of the apparent distortion in this photo's actually in the building, which isn't squared off.
A Kodak PhotoCD scan, taken with my Nikon N90s.
Hyde's Mill is a favorite attraction in Ridgeway, Wisconsin. It was built in 1850. Today the mill is no longer in operation and efforts are underway to raise capital to refurbish and turn into an education center. The wooden water wheel which operates a stone dam makes this unique and a famous attraction for artist trying to capture a piece of history.
A very chilly frosty morning so headed out to one of my favourite places Sturminster Newton Mill to capture the moment , B&W long exposure
Potomac Mills (1,839,130 square feet)
2700 Potomac Mills Circle, Woodbridge, VA
Opened September 12th, 1985
Mille-Feuille
Hot chocolate. ($?)
Au Cheval
Chicago, Illinois
(July 14, 2013)
the ulterior epicure | Twitter | Facebook | Instagram | Bonjwing Photography
This is an old belt driven Horizontal Mill from early part of the 20th Century I am not sure what year bu as you can see, it is still in use.....!
C&C's Welcome, Thanks for Viewing.
This Photograph is © by Richard Thorkildson.
All rights reserved. This art may not be used for any purpose without expressed, written consent of its owner. If you are interested in purchasing a print or reproduction rights, please contact Richard Thorkildson at thorkildson101@gmail.com
Quarry Bank Mill (also known as Styal Mill) in Styal, Cheshire, England, is one of the best preserved textile mills of the Industrial Revolution and is now a museum of the cotton industry. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building,[1] and inspired the 2013 television series The Mill.
Location
Quarry Bank Mill is on the outskirts of Styal in Cheshire, abutting and to the south of Manchester Airport. The mill is on the bank of the River Bollin which provided water to power the waterwheels. It was connected by road to the Bridgewater Canal for transporting raw cotton from the port of Liverpool.[3] The site consisted of three farms or folds.
History
Samuel Greg leased land at Quarrell Hole on Pownall Fee from Lord Stamford, who imposed a condition that 'none of the surrounding trees should be pruned, felled or lopped´; maintaining the woodland character of the area. The factory was built in 1784 by Greg[4] to spin cotton. When Greg retired in 1832 it was the largest such business in the United Kingdom. The water-powered Georgian mill still produces cotton calico. The Gregs were careful and pragmatic, paternalistic millowners, and the mill was expanded and changed throughout its history. When Greg's son, Robert Hyde Greg, took over the business, he introduced weaving. Samuel Greg died in 1834.
The Mill was attacked during the Plug Plot riots on 10 August 1842.[5]
The mill's iron water wheel, the fourth to be installed, was designed by Thomas Hewes and built between 1816 and 1820. Overhead shafts above the machines were attached to the water wheel by a belt. When the wheel turned, the motion moved the belt and powered the machinery. A beam engine and a horizontal steam engine were subsequently installed to supplement the power. The Hewes wheel broke in 1904 but the River Bollin continued to power the mill through two water turbines. The mill owners bought a Boulton and Watt steam engine in 1810 and a few years later purchased another because the river's water level was low in summer and could interrupt production of cloth during some years. Steam engines could produce power all year round. Today the mill houses the most powerful working waterwheel in Europe, an iron wheel moved from Glasshouses Mill at Pateley Bridge designed by Sir William Fairbairn who had been Hewes' apprentice.
The estate surrounding the mill was developed and Greg converted farm buildings in Styal to house workers. As the mill increased in size, housing was constructed for the workers.[6] A chapel and a school were built by the Gregs who moved into Quarry Bank House next to the mill.
The estate and mill were donated to the National Trust in 1939 by Alexander Carlton Greg and are open to the public. The mill continued in production until 1959. In 2006 the National Trust acquired Quarry Bank House and its gardens and, in 2010, the gardener's house and the upper gardens.[7] In 2013 the mill received 130,000 visitors.[8] In 2013, the trust launched an appeal to raise £1.4 million to restore a worker's cottage, a shop and the Greg's glasshouses and digitise records relating to Gregs and the mill workers.[8]
Architecture
Quarry Bank is an example of an early, rural, cotton-spinning mill that was initially dependent on water power. The first mill was built by Samuel Greg and John Massey in 1784. Its design was functional and unadorned, growing out of the pragmatism of the men who felt no need to make a bold architectural statement.[9] It was a four-storey mill measuring 8.5 metres (28 ft) by 27.5 metres (90 ft), with an attached staircase, counting house and warehouse. It was designed to use water frames which had just come out of patent, and the increased supply of cotton caused by the cessation of the American War of Independence. The water wheel was at the north end of the mill.
The mill was extended in 1796 when it was doubled in length and a fifth floor added. A second wheel was built at the southern end. The mill was extended between 1817 and 1820 and a mansard-roofed wing extended part of the 1796 building forward beneath which the wheel was installed. The new building kept the 1784 detailing with respect to line and windows.[10] The 1784 mill ran 2425 spindles, after 1805 with the new wheel it ran 3452 spindles.[11]
Weaving sheds added in 1836 and 1838 were of two storeys and housed 305 looms.[12] Before the 1830s, spinning mills produced cotton, that was put-out to hand-loom weavers who worked in their own homes or small loom shops, like the one Greg owned at Eyam.[13] Hand-loom weaving continued in parallel to power loom weaving throughout the 19th century. Around 1830 the power loom became sufficiently viable for independent weaving sheds to be set up, and for larger owners to add weaving sheds to their spinning mills. A weaving shed needed the correct light and humidity and a floor that was stable enough to withstand the vibration caused by the picking of many looms. Quarry Bank Mill is of national significance in that it used two-storey side-lit buildings rather the a single storey sheds with a saw-tooth roof.[14] The first two-storey shed at Quarry Bank was 33 metres (108 ft) by 6.5 metres (21 ft). The 1838 building was 30 metres (98 ft) by 10 metres (33 ft) to which a storey was added in 1842 for warping and beaming. In the Gregs pragmatic way, looms were purchased gradually.[15]
Water power
The first wheel was a wooden overshot wheel taking water by means of a long leat from upstream on the River Bollin. The second wheel built by Peter Ewart in 1801 was wooden. To increase power he dammed the Bollin and took water into the mill directly, the tailrace leaving the river below the dam. The third wheel of 1807 was a replacement for one of the wooden wheels.[16] It is believed it was a suspension wheel, 8 metres (26 ft) in diameter made from iron to the design of Thomas Hewes.[11]
The fourth wheel, the Great Wheel was also designed by Hewes. The challenge was to increase the head of water acting on the wheel while using the same volume of water. It was achieved by sinking the wheel pit to below the level of the river and taking the tail race through a tunnel a kilometre downstream to rejoin the Bollin at Giant's Castle. This gave a head of 32 feet (9.8 m) acting on the 32 feet (9.8 m) diameter suspension wheel- which is 21 feet (6.4 m) wide. The Great Wheel operated from 1818 to 1871 when the mill pool had silted up, and then to 1904.[17]
In 1905 two water turbines built by Gilbert Gilkes and Company were installed to replace the Great Wheel. They used the same head and tail race and operated until 1959.[18] When the mill was restored in 1983, a 25 feet (7.6 m) diameter waterwheel of similar design to that of Hewes by his pupil Sir William Fairbairn, was moved from Glasshouses Mill in Pateley Bridge and installed to provide power to work the machinery.
Steam power
Water flow from the Bollin was unreliable so an auxiliary steam engine was procured in 1810.[16] It was a 10 hp beam engine from Boulton and Watt. In 1836 with the arrival of power looms a second 20 hp Boulton and Watt beam engine was acquired. The first horizontal condensing engine was acquired in 1871. A new engine house was built. In 1906 the 1871 engine was replaced by a second-hand 60 hp engine.[19] The engines no longer exist and the museum has purchased a similar steam engine to display.
Apprentice system
The Apprentice House
Quarry Bank Mill employed child apprentices, a system that continued until 1847. The last child to be indentured started work in 1841. The first children apprentices lived in lodgings in the neighbourhood then in 1790 Greg built the Apprentice House near the factory.[20] Greg believed he could get the best out of his workers by treating them fairly. He hired a superintendent to attend to their care and morals and members of the Greg family and external tutors gave them lessons.[20] Greg employed Peter Holland, father of the Royal Physician Sir Henry Holland, 1st Baronet and uncle of Elizabeth Gaskell, as mill doctor. Holland was responsible for the health of the children and other workers, and was the first doctor to be employed in such a capacity. The apprentices were children from workhouses. Initially, they were brought from Hackney and Chelsea but by 1834 they came mostly from neighbouring parishes or Liverpool poorhouses.[20] They worked long days with schoolwork and gardening after their shift at the mill. The work was sometimes dangerous, with fingers sometimes being severed by the machines.[21] Children were willing to work in the mill because life at a workhouse was even worse.[22]
Mill community
The sparse accommodation that existed when the Gregs built the mill was soon exhausted and Greg built plain cottages which were rented to his workers. Each house had a parlour, kitchen and two bedrooms, an outside privy and a small garden. Rent was deducted from the workers' wages.[20] Greg, like Robert Owen, who built New Lanark attempted to bring the structured order of a country village to his new industrial centres. He built Oak School to educate the children and the Norcliffe Chapel where the villagers worshipped and held a Sunday school.
wikipedia
Atlantic Mills | Clifton A. Hall | 1863
Olneyville | Providence | Rhode Island.
All rights reserved. No use & distribution without express written permission. Strictly enforced.
Nikon D90 | Nikkor AF 10,5 Fisheye | 10,5mm | f/2,8 | 1/4000 sec | ISO 100
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Reproduction of a photograph of Frankford Flour Mill in Frankford, Ontario,
Donated by Pavla Hoca in June 2019.
7 giant wind mills seen from a distance. Located in Denmark, north of Aalborg
The picture has been used on the internet page "practicalenvironmentalist"
www.practicalenvironmentalist.com/?p=1951&akst_action...
This picture was used by the danish newspaper "Nordjyske Stiftstidende" Dec 3rd 2008 in an advertising for a local danish tourist brochure.
© yakkerDK/Ole Houen 2008
Copyright for this gallery photo belongs solely to yakkerDK/Ole Houen. Images may not be copied, downloaded, or used in any way without the expressed, written permission of the photographer.
The subject of the absolute very first 35mm photo I ever took was the RH Bliss Feed Mill that was once a resident in Oconomowoc. For years, this structure was tied to the activity of the Milwaukee Road until modern technologies and trucks eliminated a need for it. The mill sat abandoned but intact for years, however by 1989 it's owners decided to bring this classic wood structure down. By this time, both the east and west wings have fallen with only the center remaining vertical. By the time summer arrives, there will be nothing left but a muddy plot of earth. Today, this is the site of (what else) a storage unit complex.
A pleasant and warm April evening finds the last of the day's sunlight giving one of Oconomowoc's oldest "skyscrapers" a fabulous farewell.
nrhp # 90001619- Nicholas Johnson Mill, also known as Schollenberger Mill, is a historic grist mill located in Colebrookdale Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania. The mill was built in 1861, and is a 2+1⁄2-story, plus basement, brick building on a stone foundation. It measures 36 feet by 40 feet and is three bays wide and four bays deep. Also on the property are a 2+1⁄2-story, brick farmhouse built in 1838; a Switzer bank barn built about 1850; stone and log tenant house from the early 1800s; and some elements of the water power system.[2]
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.
from Wikipedia