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Independence is the fourth-largest city in the U.S. state of Missouri. Independence lies within Jackson County, of which it is the county seat. Independence is a satellite city of Kansas City, Missouri, and is part of the Kansas City metropolitan area. In 2010, Independence had a total population of 116,830
Independence is known as the "Queen City of the Trails" because it was a point of departure for the California, Oregon and Santa Fe Trails. Independence was also the hometown of U.S. President Harry S. Truman; the Truman Presidential Library and Museum is located in the city, and Truman and First Lady Bess Truman are buried here. The city is also sacred to many Latter Day Saints, with Joseph Smith's 1831 Temple Lot being located here, as well as the headquarters of several Latter Day Saint factions.
Independence was originally inhabited by Missouri and Osage Indians, followed by the Spanish and a brief French tenure. It became part of the United States with the Louisiana Purchase of 1803. Lewis and Clark recorded in their journals that they stopped in 1804 to pick plums, raspberries, and wild apples at a site that would later form part of the city.
Named after the Declaration of Independence, Independence was founded on March 29, 1827, and quickly became an important frontier town. Independence was the farthest point westward on the Missouri River where steamboats or other cargo vessels could travel, due to the convergence of the Kansas River with the Missouri River approximately six miles west of town, near the current Kansas-Missouri border. Independence immediately became a jumping-off point for the emerging fur trade, accommodating merchants and adventurers beginning the long trek westward on the Santa Fe Trail.
In 1831, members of the Latter Day Saint movement began moving to the Jackson County, Missouri area. Shortly thereafter, founder Joseph Smith, Jr. declared a spot west of the Courthouse Square to be the place for his prophesied temple of the New Jerusalem, in expectation of the Second Coming of Christ. Tension grew with local Missourians until the Latter Day Saints were driven from the area in 1833, the beginning of a conflict which culminated in the 1838 Mormon War. Several branches of this movement gradually returned to the city beginning in 1867, with many making their headquarters there. These include the Community of Christ (formerly the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints), the Church of Christ (Temple Lot), the Church of Jesus Christ (Cutlerite) and the Restoration Branches.
Independence saw great prosperity from the late 1830s through the mid-1840s, while the business of outfitting pioneers boomed. Between 1848 and 1868, it was a hub of the California Trail. On March 8, 1849, the Missouri General Assembly granted a home-rule charter to the town and on July 18, 1849, William McCoy was elected as its first mayor. In the mid-19th century an Act of the United States Congress defined Independence as the start of the Oregon Trail.
Independence saw two important battles during the Civil War: the first on August 11, 1862 when Confederate soldiers took control of the town, and the second in October 1864, which also resulted in a Southern victory. The war took its toll on Independence and the town was never able to regain its previous prosperity, although a flurry of building activity took place soon after the war. The rise of nearby Kansas City also contributed to the town's relegation to a place of secondary prominence in Jackson County, though Independence has retained its position as county seat to the present day.
United States President Harry S. Truman grew up in Independence, and in 1922 was elected judge of the county Court of Jackson County, Missouri (an administrative, not judicial, post). Although he was defeated for reelection in 1924, he won back the office in 1926 and was reelected in 1930. Truman performed his duties diligently, and won personal acclaim for several popular public works projects, including an extensive series of fine roads for the growing use of automobiles, the building of a new County Court building in Independence, and a series of 12 Madonna of the Trail monuments to pioneer women dedicated across the country in 1928 and 1929. He would later return to the city after two terms as President. His wife, First Lady Bess Truman, was born and raised in Independence, and both are buried there. The Harry S. Truman National Historic Site (Truman's home) and the Harry S. Truman Presidential Library and Museum are both located in Independence, as is one of Truman's boyhood residences.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence,_Missouri
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_Creative_Commons_...
Photoshoot with Colorado MC Philosoph-e. Check out his myspace link below, dope stuff. Burning the Lies in music. Stay true to who you are.
Photographer: Blake Peterson
Model/MC: Philosoph-e
Strobist Info: One Flashpoint 620 Monolight into Beauty Dish up high to Camera right, directly right of barrel. Full power with camera at F5.6 at 1/100. Fire was a composite image added in post.
I am standing by the Oslo Opera House, this is one of the views of the new sculpture in the sea.
Monica Bonvicini won the international competition to create a sculpture to be placed next to Oslo Opera House.
The sculpture is based on painting by Caspar D. Friedrichs, "Das Eismeer".
The sculpture was unvailed first week of May.
Den italienske kunstneren Monica Bonvicini vant en internasjonal konkurranse med She Lies i 2007, som er en rekonstruksjon av Caspar David Friedrichs (1774–1840) maleri Das Eismeer (ishavet).
Het Lierse begijnhof is een typisch voorbeeld van een stratenbegijnhof. Een renaissancepoort met bovenaan het beeld van de Heilige Begga verleent toegang tot het begijnhof, dat tot op heden nog volledig omsloten is. Het begijnhof telt ongeveer 150 begijnenhuisjes met vaak mooie namen zoals het Stalleken van Bethlehem, Vijf Wondekens, Wijngaert des Heren en het Soete Naemken. Het ontstond in de dertiende eeuw maar de meeste huizen dateren uit de 17e en het begin van de 18e eeuw. In de jaren negentig werden grote delen gerestaureerd. Zo werd de oostelijke "grachtkant" volledig vernieuwd, inbegrepen het interieur van de huisjes. Ze hebben hun voorgevel richting begijnhof, terwijl hun achtergevel (die grenst aan de kleine Nete) volledig vensterloos is. De laatste begijn overleed er in 1994.
De driebeukige Sint-Margaretakerk heeft een barokgevel uit de 17e eeuw, waarboven in de 18e eeuw volutes en een lantaarn zijn geplaatst. De pastorie (ca. 1690) bevindt zich in de Begijnhofstraat. Her en der zijn staties van de Kruisweg verspreid over het begijnhof. Het Lierse begijnhof was een van de grote inspiratiebronnen voor Felix Timmermans die het de bijnaam d'amandelboom van Lier gaf (Begijnhofsproken (1912), De zeer schoone uren van Juffrouw Symforosa begijntjen (1918)). Samen met 12 andere Vlaamse begijnhoven werd het op 2 december 1998 op de Werelderfgoedlijst van de UNESCO geplaatst.
Foto: Tijl Vereenooghe
whilst the Hawk flies over you.....line of children in the main ring at Emley Show, West Yorks, UK. Aug 2016.
Company: Tomy
Set: Lying Down plush
Year: ????
Size: Small
Made in: Japan
Have any info we left out? Care to donate better photos? Let us know at pokeplushproject(at)yahoo(dot)com!
THE LIE MACHINE (2014)
Suitcase, computer, speaker, Voice Stress Analysis software, autobiographical read-by-the author audiobooks (Palin, Obama, Clinton, Bush)
Voice Stress Analysis (VSA) is a highly contested and controversial lie detection technology. Through the detection of variations in the microtremors of speech, truthfulness is evaluated through analysis of live or recorded voice. As a result, the technique can be applied surreptitiously, even posthumously, to the vast storehouses of spoken audio available.
The Lie Machine processes recorded audio with standard Voice Stress Analysis algorithms. The archive chosen for this analysis is a set of audiobook autobiographies, each read by its author: Decision Points by George W. Bush, Going Rogue: An American Life by Sarah Palin, A Journey: My Political Life by Tony Blair, My Life by Bill Clinton, The Audacity of Hope: Thoughts on Reclaiming the American Dream by Barack Obama.
The title, “The Lie Machine” is taken from a 1973 Playboy Magazine article by Craig Vetter of the same name, on the subject of the Psychological Stress Evaluator (PSE). The PSE was the first commercially available VSA-based instrument, “designed to fit into a Samsonite briefcase.” The algorithm gained notoriety recently in the U.S. trial of George Zimmerman for the charge of the second-degree murder of Trayvon Martin, where Zimmerman was cleared of the charges based partly on his successful passing of a CVSA test (Computer Voice Stress Analysis).
“We are not concerned with the guilt or innocence of a suspect, only in whether or not he seems to be lying. He’s either D.I. or N.D.I. -- deception indicated or no deception indicated.” (Playboy, 1973)
The project was produced and supported by LEAP Berlin. Many thanks to John McKiernan, Daniel Franke at LEAP, as well as Samo Tadin and Tuk Bredsdorff in Copenhagen, for their interests, generosity and contributions.
Opening: Friday 04.4.2014, 19:00
Exhibition:05.04.2014 – 26.04.2014, 12:00 – 18:00 Tuesday-Saturday
Participating Artists:
Jamie Allen, James Auger and Jimmy Loizeau, Ralf Baecker, Rosemary Lee, Sascha Pohflepp and Chris Woebken, Addie Wagenknecht
_____________________________________________________________
The group exhibition Obsessive Sensing features works which as their basis look at the programming of the world as an expression of artistic research. The participating artists aim to ‘’sense’’ with the help of complex systems and thus to reimagine how we perceive the world. How do we go about sensing that which we cannot perceive? This is reflected in the idea of technical images, as described by Vilém Flusser – the preparation of the information which we cannot perceive for our senses. ‘’This can be achieved neither with hands nor with eyes nor with fingers, for these elements are neither graspable, nor are they visible. For this reason, apparatuses must be developed that grasp the ungraspable, visualize the invisible, and conceptualize the inconceivable.’’ (Vilém Flusser, Into the Universe of Technical Images)
(Photos by LEAP)
This documentary is based on the book of the same name so saved me some reading. It's playing in theatres now, but I got the DVD when I heard Norman Solomon speak at the Peace and Justice program last Friday. The movie is well put together, much easier to understand than Manufacturing Consent, the overlong movie about Noam Chomsky and what he had to say about propaganda in the media. My interest in this movie was chiefly because Solomon includes a lot about how the Vietnam war ties into the propaganda history. In the movie he says he asked the editor of the Washington Post why they didn't retract the story about the Gulf of Tonkin Incident once it was discovered that it never happened. The editor said that if they retracted that story they would have to retract all the stories about Vietnam. Geesh. At least retract the big fat lies even if it's all lies.
There's also a nice clip of an interview with one of the two representatives in Congress who voted against the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution that started the Vietnam war. He declared that the American people should be allowed to determine foreign policy, not the Executive branch. I've always wondered what the American people would decide if it was really put to them truthfully. I would be like "look people, at the rate we're going, we're going to need 8 gazillion more barrels of oil next year than we used this year and Saddam is selling oil for Euros so that doesn't bode well for the US currency. What do you think, should we bomb Iraq into submission? or should we get out of our SUVs, invest in alternative energy and shift our economy so we can even out the deficit. You know, actually make something to sell to the world besides weapons. So whadaya say people? Bomb 'em or suffer a recession while we retool?" I'm not sure it's a sell.
I liked how Normon Solomon answered questions. He wasn't all that impressed by Move-On and their demand that the Democrats establish a timeline for withdrawing troops. When troops were withdrawn from Vietnam that's when the air war began in earnest. He said that all Congress has to do to stop the war is nothing—don't appropriate any more money to the war at all. Meanwhile all the usual activists were trying to get their hands on the mike to announce their pet cause like how we're being poisoned by the flouride, etc in the water.
It was a packed crowd with lots of white hair, long time peace seekers. It was also somewhat tense because the acoustics are not great at the Unitarian Church where the event was held. One man got quite angry because the ushers wouldn't tell this woman to take her crying baby out of earshot and there was a dog that kept barking, too, so he went out and yelled at them both. The staff gave him his money back and asked him to leave and he yelled at them too. Later I realized the reason I recognized him was that he comes to our Buddhist meditation center.
So that's the peace movement for you. It inspired me to write about my father the defense contractor in a piece called Truths My Father Told Me
THE LIE MACHINE (2014)
Suitcase, computer, speaker, Voice Stress Analysis software, autobiographical read-by-the author audiobooks (Palin, Obama, Clinton, Bush)
Voice Stress Analysis (VSA) is a highly contested and controversial lie detection technology. Through the detection of variations in the microtremors of speech, truthfulness is evaluated through analysis of live or recorded voice. As a result, the technique can be applied surreptitiously, even posthumously, to the vast storehouses of spoken audio available.
The Lie Machine processes recorded audio with standard Voice Stress Analysis algorithms. The archive chosen for this analysis is a set of audiobook autobiographies, each read by its author: Decision Points by George W. Bush, Going Rogue: An American Life by Sarah Palin, A Journey: My Political Life by Tony Blair, My Life by Bill Clinton, The Audacity of Hope: Thoughts on Reclaiming the American Dream by Barack Obama.
The title, “The Lie Machine” is taken from a 1973 Playboy Magazine article by Craig Vetter of the same name, on the subject of the Psychological Stress Evaluator (PSE). The PSE was the first commercially available VSA-based instrument, “designed to fit into a Samsonite briefcase.” The algorithm gained notoriety recently in the U.S. trial of George Zimmerman for the charge of the second-degree murder of Trayvon Martin, where Zimmerman was cleared of the charges based partly on his successful passing of a CVSA test (Computer Voice Stress Analysis).
“We are not concerned with the guilt or innocence of a suspect, only in whether or not he seems to be lying. He’s either D.I. or N.D.I. -- deception indicated or no deception indicated.” (Playboy, 1973)
The project was produced and supported by LEAP Berlin. Many thanks to John McKiernan, Daniel Franke at LEAP, as well as Samo Tadin and Tuk Bredsdorff in Copenhagen, for their interests, generosity and contributions.
Opening: Friday 04.4.2014, 19:00
Exhibition:05.04.2014 – 26.04.2014, 12:00 – 18:00 Tuesday-Saturday
Participating Artists:
Jamie Allen, James Auger and Jimmy Loizeau, Ralf Baecker, Rosemary Lee, Sascha Pohflepp and Chris Woebken, Addie Wagenknecht
_____________________________________________________________
The group exhibition Obsessive Sensing features works which as their basis look at the programming of the world as an expression of artistic research. The participating artists aim to ‘’sense’’ with the help of complex systems and thus to reimagine how we perceive the world. How do we go about sensing that which we cannot perceive? This is reflected in the idea of technical images, as described by Vilém Flusser – the preparation of the information which we cannot perceive for our senses. ‘’This can be achieved neither with hands nor with eyes nor with fingers, for these elements are neither graspable, nor are they visible. For this reason, apparatuses must be developed that grasp the ungraspable, visualize the invisible, and conceptualize the inconceivable.’’ (Vilém Flusser, Into the Universe of Technical Images)
(Photos by LEAP)
I guess sad eyes never lie
No matter how hard they try.
The pain is always there
Always in that mournful stare.
Eyes so glassy and empty
So much so it envokes pity.
What stole the soul of these beautiful spheres?
What could take away all their hopes and fears?
What cold heart could kill their light?
Turing from open and warm to cool and tight?
Poor little orbs of blue, brown, and green.
How could the world be so cruel and mean?
I know behind that wall you've built you wish to cry.
Because sad eyes can never lie.
Once again we managed to get as close to the stage as possible, this time in front of centre stage.
Lior was the second act of the night. I was especially impressed with sound of the cello.
Red Hill Auditorium, 25th April, 2011
Lies Baas 2008 I shot this picture of my dear friend Eline over 4 years ago. I think we should have a look at it again ;-) Didn't use any enhancements in this shot at the time, the portrait is now as it was the moment I shot it. I love the fierceness in this shot.
Model: Jan
Assistance: Luisa Möhle
Canon EOS 5DII + Canon EF 50mm f/1.4
See the whole series at www.farbanomalie.de
a shoot inspired by insecurity and how we hold ourselves hostage from happiness. how can we forget that skin is only surface? beauty is everywhere, even if your eyes are blind
I love getting pictures of wolves lying down. I have no idea why but I simply do :)
Taken at Minnesota Wildlife Connection
Wadi Shab lies in Niyabat Tiwi, Wilayat of Sur, is 76 km from Qurayyat. It is easy to reach this wadi from the Qurayyat-Sur highway. The wadi combines the attractions of coast areas and inland wonders. It has at least seven pools of shimmering emerald green water studded beautiful boulders. One of the pools is in a cave where light streams in dramatically from above and there are fantastic echoes as you swim and splash.
About seven kilometers away from Wadi Shab starts Wadi Tiwi which extends 36 km inland and ends at a mountain village known as Mibam. Many groves and fruit trees grow along the course of this wadi from which the azure blue sea can be seen as you climb up the hills and descend into the valleys.
Tough ask in today's Brexit climate.
With additions, the full text reads
"Stop lying
About what?
Your fake happiness"
Public Domain image from The Rijksmuseum. Digitally enhanced by rawpixel.
Free download under CC Attribution (CC BY 4.0). Please credit the artist and rawpixel.com.
Higher resolutions with no attribution required can be downloaded: www.rawpixel.com/category/53/public-domain
2810 passing through Lier on the back of IC9694, the 1040 Den Haag HS to Brussel Nord. It was diverted via Aarschot due to engineering work closing line 25 at Mechelen or somewhere north of there and terminated at Brussels Nord due to the extra time taken on the diversion.
a picture during sinulog 2007. look at the other window, you know what are they staring up? well, i don't know as well..
Canon AE-1 Program Camera.
Canon FD 50mm F/1.8 Lens.
Kodak Gold 200 35mm Film.
Polaroid UV Filter.
Developer: Tetenal C-41 Press Kit.
I needed to snap the last few pictures on a roll of film in my AE-1 so that I could develop it today. It was such a nice springtime day so all the windows were open and it felt so good in my house. I actually ended up really liking these few pictures a lot. They really capture what it felt like in my home, fresh and bright!
Gingee Fort or Senji Fort (also known as Chenji, Jinji or Senchi) in Tamil Nadu, India is one of the surviving forts in Tamil Nadu, India. It lies in Villupuram District, 160 kilometres from the state capital, Chennai, and is close to the Union Territory of Puducherry. The fort is so fortified, that Shivaji, the Maratha king, ranked it as the "most impregnable fortress in India" and it was called the "Troy of the East" by the British. The nearest town with a railway station is Tindivanam and the nearest airport is Chennai (Madras), located 150 kilometres away.
Originally the site of a small fort built by the Chola dynasty during the 9th century AD, Gingee Fort was modified by Kurumbar during the 13th century. As per one account, the fort was built duirng the 15–16th century by the Nayaks, the lietunants of the Vijayanagara Empire and who later became independent kings. The fort passed to the Marathas under the leadership of Shivaji in 1677 AD, Bijapur sultans, the Moghuls, Carnatic Nawabs, French and the British in 1761. The fort is closely associated with Raja Tej Singh, who unsuccessfully revolted against the Nawab of Arcot and eventually lost his life in a battle.
The Gingee Fort complex is on three hillocks: Krishnagiri to the north, Rajagiri to the west and Chandrayandurg to the southeast. The three hills together constitute a fort complex, each having a separate and self-contained citadel. The fort walls are 13 km and the three hills are connected by walls enclosing an area of 11 square kilometres. It was built at a height of 240 m and protected by a 24 m wide moat. The complex has a seven-storeyed Kalyana Mahal (marriage hall), granaries, prison cells, and a temple dedicated to its presiding Hindu goddess called Chenjiamman. The fortifications contain a sacred pond known as Aanaikulam. On the top of the hillock, there are minor fortifications. The fort, in modern times, is maintained and administered by the Archaeological Survey of India. The fort is one of the prominent tourist destinations in Villupuram district.
LEGEND AND ETYMOLOGY
The Bijapur Nawabs who held the fort from about 1660 to 1677 AD called it Badshabad, while the Marathas who succeeded them called it Chandry or Chindy. The Mughals, on their capture of the fort in 1698 A.D., named it Nusratgadh in honour of Nawab Zulfiqar Khan Nusrat-Jang, the commander-in-chief of the besieging army. Later, the English and the French called it Gingee or Jinji. The early Madras records of the English give the spelling Chingee or Chengey.As per Tamil legend, the tragic tale of Raja Tej Singh, popularly known in Tamil as Thesingu Raasan, is associated with the fort. The true life story of Tej Singh and his general, Mehboob Khan (aka Maavuthukaran), who were friends, has inspired many poems, street plays, and countless other stories. He was the son of Swarup Singh and revolted against the Nawab of Arcot, and was defeated and killed in the war that followed. Though Gingee became a part of the Nawab's territory in 1714, the young and courageous Tej Singh became a legend and his life, love and brave but tragic end were eulogised in various ballads.
HISTORY
The main source for the first two hundred years of the history of the place is the "Complete History of the Carnatic Kings" among the Mackenzie manuscripts. According to historian Narayan, a small village called Melacerri, located 4.8 km away from Gingee is called "Old Gingee" has traces of fortifications from about 1200 AD. Ananda Kon of the shepherd community (Konar), accidentally found a treasure in one of the cavities of the Western hill while grazing his sheep. Making himself the head of a small band of warriors, he defeated the petty rulers of the neighbouring villages and built a small fortress on Kamalagiri, which he renamed Anandagiri after himself. The Konar dynasty ruled Gingee from 1190 to 1330 AD, and was succeeded by the chief of a neighbouring place called Kobilingan, who belonged to the Kurumba caste and ascended the throne of Gingee. He was a feudatory of the powerful Cholas. Gingee came into the hands of various ruling dynasties of South India, starting from the Cholas.
Originally the site of a small fort built by the Chola dynasty during the 9th century AD, Gingee Fort was modified by Kurumbar while fighting the Cholas and again by the Vijayanagar empire during the 13th century. As per one account, the fort was built duirng the 15-16th century by the Gingee Nayaks, the lietunants of the Vijayanagara Empire and who later became independent kings. The fort was built at a strategic place to fend off any invading armies. It was further strengthened by the Marathas under the leadership of Shivaji in 1677 AD. He recaptured it from the Bijapur sultans who had originally taken control of the fort from the Marathas. During Aurangzeb's campaign in the Deccan, Shivaji's second son who had assumed the throne, Chhatrapati Rajaram, escaped to Ginjee and continued the fight with Moghuls from Ginjee. The fort was the seat of the Maratha Empire for a few months. The Moghuls could not capture the fort for seven years in spite of laying siege. The fort was finally captured in 1698, but not before Chhatrapati Rajaram escaped. It was later passed on to the Carnatic Nawabs who lost it to the French in 1750 before the British finally took control in 1761 despite losing it to Hyder Ali for a brief period. Raja Desinghu ruled Chenji during the 18th century.
ARCHITECTURE
The Gingee Fort complex is on three hillocks: Krishnagiri to the north, Rajagiri to the west and Chandrayandurg to the southeast. The three hills together constitute a fort complex, yet each hill contains a separate and self-contained citadel. Connecting them - forming an enormous triangle, a mile from north to south, punctuated by bastions and gateways giving access to the protected zones at the heart of the complex. The fort walls are 13 km and the three hills are connected by walls enclosing an area of 11 square kilometres. It was built at a height of 240 m and protected by a 24 m wide moat. It has a seven-storeyed Kalyana Mahal (marriage hall), granaries, prison cells, and a temple dedicated to its presiding Hindu goddess called Chenjiamman. The fortifications contain a sacred pond known as Aanaikulam. The walls of the fort are a mixture of the natural hilly terrain comprising the Krishnagiri, Chakkilidrug and Rajagiri hills, while the gaps were sealed with the main wall that measures 20 metres in thickness. On the top of the hillock, there are minor fortifications.
Water resources are usually sparse in South Indian forts, while it was well managed in the Citadel. There are two sweet water sources on the summit and below it there are three reservoirs for storage of rain water. Water for Kalyana Mahal was brought through earthenware pipes from reservoir located 500 m from it.
RAJAGIRI
The first hill, where the main fort is, is called Rajagiri. Originally it was known as Kamalagiri as well as Anandagiri. The fort was historically considered most impregnable. It is about 240 m in height. Its summit is cut off from communication and is surrounded by a deep, natural chasm that is about 9.1 m wide and 18 m deep. To gain entry into the citadel one had to cross the chasm with the help of a small wooden draw bridge. The naturally strong rock where the fortress is located, is further strengthened by the construction of embrasure walls and gateways along all possible shelves and precipitous edges. The citadel is reached by traversing through seven gates. This citadel contains important buildings apart from the living quarters of the royalty, like the stables, granaries, and meeting halls for the public, temples, mosques, shrines and pavilions. Kamalakanni Amman temple is present atop the Rajagiri hills. As per Hindu legend, the presiding deity, Kamalakanni, is believed to be the widow of demon king Acalamaccuran. Draupadi, a Hindu goddess, beheaded the hundred heads of the demon and Kamalakanni is believed to have protests that she would become a widow. Draupadi explains her similarities that she has no sexual relations, though married. This resulted in the ambiguous kanni suffix. Ranganathar Temple, bell tower, watch tower, cannon and draw bridge are located atop the hill.
The lower fort consists of Arcot Gate, Pondicherry Gate, which was probably improved by the French during their occupation (1751–1761), the Prison on top of Pondicherry Gate, Royal Battery, Venkataramanaswami Temple, Pattabhi Ramaswami Temple, Sadatulla Khan’s mosque, Chettikulam and Chakrakulam tanks, platform where Raja Desing was killed in a war, large stone image of Hanuman, prisoner’s well where the prisoners condemned to death were thrown and left to die of starvation. The inner fort consists of Kalyana Mahal, the royal stables, the ruined royal palace, Anaikulam tank, granaries, magazine and the shrine of Venugopalaswami. There is a site museum at the entrance of the fort set up by the Archeological Survey of India containing sculptures pertaining to periods and many dynasties that ruled Gingee. There are also guns and cannonballs made of stone, strewn about the fort.
KRISHNAGIRI
The second important hillock with an imposing citadel is known as Krishnagiri. It is also known as the English Mountain, perhaps because the British residents occupied the fort here, for some time. The Krishnagiri fort lies to the North of Tiruvannamalai road. It is smaller in size and height compared to the Rajagiri fort. A flight of steps of granite stones leads to its top. Another fort connected with Rajagiri with a low rocky ridge is called Chandrayan Durg, Chandragiri or St. George’s Mountain. The military and strategic value of this fort has been relatively less, but it has some interesting buildings of later period.
CHAKKILIYA DURG
The third fort for some reason is called Chakkiliya Durg or Chamar Tikri — meaning the fort of the cobblers. It is not known why it had acquired the name. Probably the royal saddlers and military shoemakers had set up their workshops here, as Gingee obviously was a military encampment. There is a smaller and less important fourth hill, the summit of which is also well fortified. There is nothing much left of Chandrayan Durg and Chakkilli Durg. Their flanks are now completely covered with thorny shrubs and stone pieces.
CULTURE
After the fort passed into British hands, it did not see any further action. The fort at Gingee was declared a National Monument in 1921 and was under the Archeological Department. The Tourism Department of India has tried to popularise this remote and oft-forgotten fort. Gingee today, with its ruined forts, temples and granaries, presents a different picture from the glorious splendor of its bygone days. But the remains of that glorious past speak volumes about the numerous invasions, warfare and bravery that it witnessed. The fort is maintained by the Archeological Department. An entry charge of ₹5 is charged for Indian citizens and SAARC countries and US$2 or ₹100 for all monuments inside Krishnagiri and Rajagiri forts.
WIKIPEDIA