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Includes Frank Naundorff, trombone; Kermit Ruffins, trumpet.
Around 1990, I think?
I forget the name of the French Quarter street character in the sombrero at lower left.
The portrait includes the saint's severely broken nose, which healed asymmetrically
The "most realistic" portrait of the saint who became Santa Claus has been produced at a Liverpool university.
Saint Nicholas was a 4th Century bishop who liked to give gifts secretly. His relics lie in Bari Cathedral in Italy.
The image of him has been created using a facial reconstruction system and 3D interactive technology by Liverpool John Moores University's Face Lab.
Professor Caroline Wilkinson said it was based on "all the skeletal and historical material" available.
The saint, who died in 343, was the Greek bishop of Myra. The town, now known as Demre, lies on the southern coast of Turkey.
He was said to have left secret gifts, such as putting coins in shoes that were left out for him, leading him to be the model for Father Christmas.
A spokeswoman for the university said the new depiction uses "the most up-to-date anatomical standards, Turkish tissue depth data and CGI techniques".
It also includes Saint Nicholas' severely broken nose, which she said had "healed asymmetrically, giving him a characteristic nose and rugged facial appearance".
Revealing the portrait on the saint's feast day, 6 December, Prof Wilkinson said it was "thrilling to be able to show the face of this famous bishop".
I wanted to include the hollyhocks, which have come out in the last week or so - they look so pretty, through the kitchen window.
We went over to Witney this morning, to help Bethan with a few things, the main one being putting up a floating shelf for Lucas's LEGO models. There was one tricky moment, but it all went well in the end, so now Bethan plans to get another shelf.
After lunch, I put in my new EE phone SIM, as part of our broadband and phone plan with BT. I hadn't taken the protective cover off since I put it on 14 months ago, and it was a bit dusty/dirty, so I swapped it with the red one I'd bought at the same time, and I washed the yellow one.
We took our magazines around this afternoon. I enjoyed saying hello to the inquisitive calves, and we did a good cycle ride while taking the magazines to Honeycombe Leaze, and then on to the GP surgery. Mike booked a blood test (PSA levels) and a follow-up doctor's appointment, just to check for signs of prostate cancer, as it's what his dad died of, and he's not been checked for about nine years. And I booked my first shingles vaccination, as I'm in the eligible age group.
The Frost Centre Institute campus includes 20 buildings on 40 acres nestled in the beautiful Haliburton Highlands, just South of Dorset, Ontario. With 2,500 feet of lake frontage on Lake St. Nora and direct access to groomed hiking (or skiing) trails located on 58,000 acres of crown land adjacent to the campus, the Centre offers a truly one-of-a-kind environment for experiential learning and outdoor education.
This High Dynamic Range 360° panorama was stitched from 93 bracketed photographs with PTGUI Pro, tone-mapped with Photomatix, and touched up in Aperture.
Original size: 18206 × 9103 (165.7 MP; 196 MB).
Location: Frost Centre Institute, Lake St. Nora, Ontario, Canada
Baker City Memory Cruise
The Baker City Memory Cruise includes a show and shine at Baker City’s Geiser Pollman Park, on the banks of the Powder River, a cruise through historic downtown Baker City, and ends with the cars on display at Quail Ridge Golf Course during the Annual Durkee Steak Feed
For more information about the Baker City Memory Cruise, Quail Ridge Golf Course or the Durkee Steak Feed, visit the Baker County Tourism website www.basecampbaker.com or become a fan at www.facebook.com/basecampbaker
Walking on the lava flow. Much of which is obsidian.
Newberry National Volcanic Monument was designated on November 5, 1990 to protect the area around the Newberry Volcano in the United States. It was created within the boundaries of the Deschutes National Forest and is managed by the U.S. Forest Service. It includes 50,000 acres (20,000 ha) of lakes, lava flows, and spectacular geologic features in central Oregon. These photos are taken from the summit Paulina Peak 7,985 ft, (2,434 m). Just below us are East Lake and Paulina Lake and The Big Obsidian Flow, created 1,300 years ago, covers 700 acres. It is hard to fathom as you drive through the summit area that you are within a 17 square mile caldera at the summit of a 500 square mile volcano, a volcano that remains very active to this day. Newberry is both seismically and geothermally active. Geologists believe the caldera sits over a shallow magma body only 2 to 5 kilometers deep. Visitors see numerous cinder cones (over 400 throughout the area), miles of basalt flows, as well as rhyolite flows of obsidian.
To include extra air for that tyre. For 12,000 of your european euros I should think so.
Said to be, by the vendor, a sound smooth running car with working clock but disconnected radio.
Fully serviced. Ain't they all. It was certainly clean and well presented. Apart from that flattie that is.
The full article that includes this photo lives at www.akihabaranews.com/news-16881-X.html
You may also want to check out www.flickr.com/photos/akihabaranews/ for similar photos
ISO range from 50 to 25,600 ISO.
Includes:
1 x Mouthpiece
1 x Glass Globe
1 x Elips Battery
1 x Atomizer
1 x USB Charger
potterest.com/pin/source-micro-globe-vape-pen-kit-wax-vap...
Tokyo Dome City (formerly known as Big Egg City prior to January 1, 2000) is an entertainment complex in Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan.
It includes the world's largest roofed baseball stadium known as Tokyo Dome (nicknamed "Big Egg"), an amusement park known as Tokyo Dome City Attractions (formerly Kōrakuen Yūenchi), and Korakuen Hall. In May 2003, a spa resort known as LaQua opened for business near Tokyo Dome City Attractions. It also hosts character shows for the Super Sentai series.
The Tokyo Dome City contains the Tokyo Dome Hotel, a 43-story hotel that is easily visible from the street and from the Tokyo Subway Suidobashi Station, which is only two blocks away.
A blog post that includes these photos lives here: likeafishinwater.com/2017/05/27/pilgrimage-to-ogaki-and-y...
My company: www.thirdplacemedia.com - Research, content development and communications strategy focused on transit, walkability, placemaking and environment issues
My blog: likeafishinwater.com
November 10, 2018 at 9:00pm- November 11, 3:00am at Reading Rooms
As always NEoN celebrates its festival with a late night party. Acts include cosmic drone duo, Art of the Memory Palace, NEoN’s Resident DJ RHL playing funky house beats alongside DJ Nina Stanger’s synthy disco sounds. A visual feast will be provided by USA based artist Cassie McQuater whose narrative, machinima-based visual story, Women In A Video Game, sees animations of stock-models fight, dance, and swim in an expansive world of colourful glitches, fantasy creatures, and alien overlords.
About the Artists
Cassie McQuater (USA) – is a new media and video game artist currently living and working in Los Angeles, CA. Her practice involves hours of surfing the net, mining for digital artifacts, and repurposing them as a way to reflect on and reinvent our relationship with interactive storytelling. Cassie’s visual story, Woman In a Video Game, will intertwine with a live performance by Art of the Memory Palace.
Art of the Memory Palace (UK) – is a group ascending through a cosmic void of pulsing synthesizer oscillation, narcotic soundscapes and enigmatic vocal echoes. Their live set will be animated by the gorgeous glitchy projected visuals of Cassie McQuater.
DJ Nina Stanger (UK) – Nina is an AV artist, designer and DJ. Myth and ritual combined with digital media and sculptural making are at the core of her creative practice. Along side Djing for NEoN Nina’s AV work, Standing Wave, will be filling the space. Standing Wave references the historical phenomena of the siren, a rendered representation of the she-beast for the digital age.
DJ RHL (UK) – Resident NEoN DJ has been entertaining us since 2010. Djing for about 25 years, he predominately plays Techno but you often find him playing anything dance music related. Spinning old school vinyl sets containing an eclectic mix of old and new stuff. RHL just likes making people dance.
Santa Chiara is a religious complex in Naples, Italy, that includes the church of Santa Chiara, a monastery, tombs and an archeological museum. The basilica church of Santa Chiara faces Via Benedetto Croce, which is the easternmost leg of Via Spaccanapoli. The church facade of Santa Chiara is diagonally across from the church of Gesù Nuovo.
Architecture
The double monastic complex was built in 1313–1340 by Queen Sancha of Majorca and her husband King Robert of Naples, who is also buried in the complex.[1] The original church was in Gotico Angioiano style, but was decorated in the 17th century in Baroque style by Domenico Antonio Vaccaro. After the edifice was partially destroyed by a fire after the Allied bombings during World War II, it was brought back to the alleged original state by a disputed restoration, which was completed in 1953.
The large rectangular building is 110.5 m long inside the walls, and 33 m wide. The walls of the nave are 47.5 m tall, and the nave itself is 82 m long. There are nine lateral chapels on each side of the nave, the roofs of the chapels are vaulted, and they support the gallery that runs the length of the nave. Above the gallery are the lancet windows of the clerestory. An unusual feature of the building is that the lateral chapels are absorbed into the body of the church, giving Santa Chiara its distinctive rectangular appearance. Another unusual feature of the building is the fact that the church does not have an apse, after the lateral chapels there is a section of the church with the high altar in the centre, flanked by the rectangular friars’ choirs on either side. Behind the altar is the tomb of King Robert, behind that is a wall separating the main body of the church from the nuns' choir.[1]
The wall between the nave of the church and the retrochoir is penetrated by three screened grilles through which the nuns could observe the mass, while being invisible to anybody in the nave. There are also four windows in the wall which mirror the four windows on the exterior of the church. There is a large stained glass lancet window above the altar. Above this is a triangular pattern are three rose windows. At the apex of the point of the roof, above the level of the wooden beams of the ceiling is a fourth, smaller, rose window. The nuns choir is different in plan from the main body of the church, with two large piers supported by rib vaults dividing the space into three sections. Santa Chiara was the largest Clarissan church ever built and it was the first Clarissan church built where the nuns in their choir would have been able to view the performance of Mass.[1]
The bell tower, separated from the main edifice, was begun in 1328 but was completed only in Renaissance times.
Interior
Tomb of Robert of Anjou
Behind the main altar is the tomb of King Robert of Anjou, which was sculpted by Pacio and Giovanni Bertini in 1343.[2] In the side chapels are the tombs of the Bourbon king of Naples, Francis II and his consort Maria Sophie of Bavaria, as well as those of Queen Maria Christina of Savoy and of the national hero Salvo D'Acquisto (a carabiniere who sacrificed his life to save the lives of 22 civilian hostages during the Nazi occupation). The church was used, even before it was formally completed, to hold the relics of Saint Louis of Toulouse, elder brother of King Robert. One of these relics was the brain of St. Louis, in an ornate reliquary decorated with a crown Queen Sancha had donated in memory of her brother-in-law.[3]
Initially, the interior had a Gothic style, but reconstruction from 1742 to 1762 by Domenico Vaccaro, Gaetano Buonocore, and Giovanni del Gaizo, refurbished the interior in a Baroque style. The stuccoed ceiling was frescoed by a team of artists, including Francesco De Mura, Giuseppe Bonito, Sebastiano Conca, and Paolo de Maio. The floor was paved with a design by Ferdinando Fuga. Unfortunately much of the interior decoration was destroyed in the aerial bombardment of 1943.
On the counterfacade is the tomb of Antonio Penna, by Antonio Baboccio. In the Chapel of the Sacred Heart is the tomb of Raimondo de' Cabanni.
In the sixth chapel to the left, are 14th-century bas reliefs depicting the Martyrdom of the wife of Massenzio, while the seventh has a tomb of Louis, a son of Charles, Duke of Durazzo, another 14th-century work by the Florentine Pacio Bertini.
To the right of the presbytery is access to the Baroque sacristy with frescoes from 1692. Through the sacristy, one can reach the Choir of the Nuns. The choir houses fragments of frescoes depicting Biblical Stories by Giotto.
Majolica Cloister
Cloister
The cloister of the Clarisses is known for the unique addition of majolica tiles, added in 1742 by Domenico Antonio Vaccaro in Rococò style. The brash color floral decoration makes this cloister, with octagonal columns in pergola-like structure, likely unique and would seem to clash with the introspective world of cloistered nuns. The cloister arcades are also decorated by frescoes, now much degraded.
Museum
The museum houses information on the history of the church, archaeological findings and materials remaining after the fire that destroyed part of the church in 1943. It also has a collection of baroque presepi (nativity scenes).
Includes:
4 Fish Fountains
10 Seating Cushions
4 Candle Lanterns
Roman Structure
Remove the water and use it instead for a lovely outdoor meeting area.
Prims =
Structure = 44
Braziers = 3 each x 4 included = 12 prims
Fish Fountains = 13 each x 4 included = 52 prims
Candle Lanterns = 4 each x 4 included = 16 prims
Sitting Cushion = 1 each x 10 included = 10 prims
Water = 1 prim
TOTAL PRIMS = 135 prims
Footprint = 24 wide x 24 deep x 10.7781 tall
City of London. Includes three of the seven tallest buildings in the UK at the time of the photo. Tower 42 (183m), 30 Mary Axe (180m) and Broadgate (161m)
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This photograph and and all those within my photostream are protected by copyright. They may not be reproduced, copied, transmitted or manipulated without written permission.
The giant sized effigy of a swashbuckling buccaneer guarding Shoreham's Crown & Anchor Pub
Taken on the phone - it did a much better job than attempts on my compact, due to the big aperture/low ISO combination
HUD include:
SUIT
Mesh - 5 standard sizes
alpha layer
change 4 textures
here -->
marketplace.secondlife.com/p/BG-Womens-Mesh-Suit-Alice-Fl...
or
The Norooz holiday season includes several symbolic and meaningful celebrations and rituals begining with the last Wednesday of the year, called the Chahar Shanbe Soori (translation yields "Wednesday Fire").On Tuesday evening (the night before the last Wednesday) every family celebrates the Chahar Shanbe Soori.
At the center of this traditional celebration is giving thanks for the fortune of having made it through another healthy year and to exchange any remaining paleness and evil with the life and warmth of the fire. Chahar Shanbe Soori is deeply rooted in Iranians' Zoroastrian past (Persian people's dominant religion prior to Islam). The part of this night especially popular with the youngsters is the bonfire. Every family gathers several piles of wood or brush to be lit shortly after the sunset.
All family members line up and take turns jumping safely along (and over) the burning piles, singing to the fire:
"Sorkheeyeh toe az man; zardeeyeh man az toe."
This translates to:
"Your redness (health) is mine; my paleness (pain) is yours."
Although a recent addition and generally against the law in the urban areas, the sights and sounds of fireworks are very common to this night.
Another routine of the Chahar Shanbe Soori festival is the Iranian version of Trick or Treating associated with the Western Halloween night. Flocks of often young trick or treaters, hidden under a traditional Chador (veil) go from door to door banging a spoon against a metal bowl asking for treats or money.
Another old and almost obsolete Chahar Shanbe Soori ritual is Falgoosh (fortune hearing!) This ritual was carried out usually by young women wanting to know their chances of finding the "Mr. Right" in the coming year. Falgoosh is the act of standing in a dark corner spot or behind a fence and listening to the conversations of the passers by and trying to interpret their statements or the subject of their dialogue as an answer to one's question(s)! This is analogous to calling a psychic reader to find out your fortune!!!
In the past several decades falgoosh has gradually become an almost unacceptable and "politically incorrect" ritual and is seldom practiced in the major urban areas.
This house plan includes 2300 Square Foot of living space, 4 bedrooms, 2.5 bathrooms, and a Cottage Architectural Style. View this plan online at www.houseplangallery.com/index_files/house-plans-prod_det...
Swans, genus Cygnus, are birds of the family Anatidae, which also includes geese and ducks. Swans are grouped with the closely related geese in the subfamily Anserinae where they form the tribe Cygnini. Sometimes, they are considered a distinct subfamily, Cygninae. There are six to seven species of swan in the genus Cygnus; in addition there is another species known as a swan, the Coscoroba Swan, although this species is no longer considered related to the true swans. Swans usually mate for life, though 'divorce' does sometimes occur, particularly following nesting failure. The number of eggs in each clutch ranges from three to eight.
The word "swan" is derived from Old English swan, akin to the German Schwan and Dutch zwaan, in turn derived from Indo-European root *swen (to sound, to sing), whence Latin derives sonus (sound).[1] Young swans are known as cygnets, from the Latin word for swan, cygnus. An adult male is a cob, from Middle English cobbe (leader of a group); an adult female is a pen.
The swans are the largest members of the duck family Anatidae, and are amongst the largest flying birds. The largest species, including the mute swan, trumpeter swan, and whooper swan, can reach length of over 60 inches and weigh up to 50 pounds. Their wingspans can be almost 10 ft (3 m). Compared to the closely related geese they are much larger in size and have proportionally larger feet and necks.[2] They also have a patch of unfeathered skin between the eyes and bill in adults. The sexes are alike in plumage, but males are generally bigger and heavier than females.
The Northern Hemisphere species of swan have pure white plumage but the Southern Hemisphere species are mixed black and white. The Australian Black Swan (Cygnus atratus) is completely black except for the white flight feathers on its wings; the chicks of black swans are light grey in colour, and the South American Black-necked Swan has a black neck.
The legs of swans are normally a dark blackish grey colour, except for the two South American species, which have pink legs. Bill colour varies: the four subarctic species have black bills with varying amounts of yellow, and all the others are patterned red and black. The Mute Swan and Black-necked Swan have a lump at the base of the bill on the upper mandible.
Whooper Swans migrate from Iceland, Scandinavia and northern Russia to Europe, Central Asia, China and JapanThe swans are generally found in temperate environments, rarely occurring in the tropics. Four (or five) species occur in the Northern Hemisphere, one species is found in Australia and New Zealand and a final species is distributed in southern South America. They are absent from tropical Asia, Central America, northern South America and the entirety of Africa. One species, the Mute Swan, has been introduced to North America, Australia and New Zealand.
Several species are migratory, either wholly or partly so. The Mute Swan is a partial migrant, being resident over areas of Western Europe but wholly migratory in Eastern Europe and Asia. The Whooper Swan and Tundra Swan are wholly migratory, and the Trumpeter Swans are almost entirely migratory.[2] There is some evidence that the Black-necked Swan is migratory over part of its range, but detailed studies have not established whether these movements are long or short range migration.
Swans feed in the water and on land. They are almost entirely herbivorous, although small numbers of aquatic animals may be eaten. In the water food is obtained by up-ending or dabbling, and their diet is composed of the roots, tubers, stems and leaves of aquatic and submerged plants.
Mute Swan's nest with two unhatched eggsSwans form monogamous pair bonds that last for many years. In many cases these pair bonds can last for life, but 'divorces' between pairs do occur.[4] Modern genetic techniques are starting to reveal that these divorces are more common than previously thought.[5] These bonds are maintained year round, even in gregarious and migratory species like the Tundra Swan, which congregate in large flocks in the wintering grounds.[6] The nest is on the ground near water and about a metre across. Unlike many other ducks and geese the male helps with the nest construction. Average egg size (for the mute swan) is 113 x 74 mm, weighing 340 g, in a clutch size of 4 to 7, and an incubation period of 34–45 days.[7] With the exception of the whistling-ducks they are the only anatids where the males aid in incubating the eggs.
Mute swans have been observed to display homosexual or transgender behavior.
All evidence suggests that the genus Cygnus evolved in Europe or western Eurasia during the Miocene, spreading all over the Northern Hemisphere until the Pliocene. When the southern species branched off is not known. The Mute Swan apparently is closest to the Southern Hemisphere Cygnus (del Hoyo et al., eds, Handbook of the Birds of the World); its habits of carrying the neck curved (not straight) and the wings fluffed (not flush) as well as its bill color and knob indicate that its closest living relative is actually the Black Swan. Given the biogeography and appearance of the subgenus Olor it seems likely that these are of a more recent origin, as evidence shows by their modern ranges (which were mostly uninhabitable during the last ice age) and great similarity between the taxa.
Cigno è il nome comune di alcuni grandi, bianchi uccelli acquatici dal lungo collo flessuoso, facenti parte del genere Cygnus della famiglia degli Anatidi.
Presente con varie specie e sottospecie in tutto il mondo. Le rive dello specchio d'acqua devono essere in lieve pendio per consentire ai cigni d'entrare ed uscire agevolmente dall'acqua. Inoltre il terreno dev'essere dotato d'un prato verde dove i cigni possano "pascolare" allegramente.
Grigi alla nascita, diventano bianchi solo da adulti. Il cigno reale (Cygnus olor) si può osservare in Italia, con la sua notevole apertura alare di 200-240 cm. Il cigno selvatico (Cygnus cygnus) è presente nel Nord-Europa e sverna anche sulle coste orientali dell'Adriatico. Le dimensioni sono praticamente uguali a quelle del cigno reale. La Finlandia lo ha scelto come effigie sulle nuove monete da un Euro. Il cigno minore (Cygnus colombianus, con la sottospecie bewickii) è presente solo in Nord-Europa. Come suggerisce il nome, è più piccolo delle due specie precedenti (ca. 20% più piccolo).
Non sporca, non arreca alcun fastidio, non emette suoni se non un lieve sibilo che s'ode appena (tanto che in passato si riteneva che fosse muto). Se nel laghetto vi sono pesci, non li molesta. Difficile è invece, la sua convivenza con i consimili (come le anatre) perché ha un carattere litigioso e dispotico.
I cigni formano coppie che restano unite tutta la vita: nidificano tra i canneti, dove la femmina cova per circa un mese da 4 a 8 uova azzurrognole, mentre il maschio fa la guardia al nido. Alla nascita e fino al raggiungimento dell'età adulta i giovani cigni mantengono un piumaggio assai poco attraente (in genere d'un colore grigiastro simile a quello d'un uccello bianco passato attraverso un camino sporco di fuliggine) ma assai più mimetico - ed utile quindi alla sopravvivenza - di quello, bello ma vistoso, degli adulti.
I cigni sono uccelli essenzialmente erbivori, infatti, si nutrono in prevalenza di piante acquatiche e palustri che strappano dal fondo con il becco. Mentre la maggior parte degli uccelli acquatici deve tuffarsi sott'acqua alla ricerca del cibo, il cigno può tranquillamente esplorare la vegetazione sottostante fino ad un metro di profondità, grazie al suo lunghissimo collo. A volte "pascolano" sulla terraferma e lungo le rive cibandosi di erbe, radici e semi. In realtà la loro dieta non è strettamente vegetariana: infatti, insieme alle erbe ingurgitano anche un buon numero di piccoli animaletti acquatici ad esse associati (crostacei, larve d'insetti e lumachine). Sono poi dei grandi opportunisti, ghiotti di pane (soprattutto se inzuppato nel latte, pastoni per le anatre o destinati ad altri animali, farina d'orzo, riso cotto, biscotti, mais, patate cotte, frutti, crusca, verdure (soprattutto crude), ortaggi vari e perfino carne in minuscoli bocconi mescolati al pastone. In cattività spesso il cibo viene servito in un capiente contenitore di legno e plastica che può essere posato in terra oppure messo a galleggiare sull'acqua.
Font : Wikipedia
After the snow and ice, things got a bit foggy when this NASCAR appeared - 76th Members' Meeeting, Goodwood.
From Supercar Sunday - the theme of May's Goodwood Breakfast Club. The nose of a Ferrari 458 Speciale
SAN ANTONIO HISTORIC AND DESIGN REVIEW COMMISSION
OFFICIAL MINUTES
6 July 2018
24. HDRC NO. 32018-251
Applicant: Tobin Hill Community Association
Address: 1817 N ST MARYS (parcel includes 902,904 E Euclid and 1817 and 1827 N St Mary’s)
REQUEST:
A request for review by the Historic and Design Review Commission regarding eligibility of the property
located at 1817 N St Mary's (parcel includes 902, 904 E Euclid and 1817 and 1827 N St Mary’s) for
landmark designation.
FINDINGS:
a. On April 10, 2018, a demolition application was submitted to the Office of Historic Preservation
(OHP) by the property owner for three of the four structures at 1817 N St Mary’s which is located
in the Tobin Hill Community Association registered neighborhood. The proposed demolition is
for the tree structures known as 902 & 904 E Euclid and 1817 N St Mary’s. At the same time, the
owner submitted a demolition request for one structure located on an adjacent lot which will be
considered as a separate item. OHP Staff conducted research to determine eligibility and
contacted the neighborhood association during the 30 day review period provided by UDC 35-
455.
b. On May 3, 2018, a Request for Review of Historic Significance for 1817 N St Mary’s (parcel
includes 902, 904 E Euclid and 1817 and 1827 N St Mary’s) was submitted to OHP by the Tobin
Hill Community Association, the applicant in this case.
c. On May 24, 2018, OHP Staff and the Designation Advisory Group conducted a site visit. The
group noted that 902 E Euclid and 904 E Euclid are twins with exact form, style, and materials.
Both are in good structural condition and retain their original materials: wood windows, original
wood lap siding under added asbestos siding, and other materials such as trim and exposed
rafters. 902 E Euclid and 904 E Euclid are in their original residential context, and the group
noted these structures should be retained as they represent the original development pattern of
that block. For 1827 N St. Mary’s, the group observed the original material and form of the
corner brick commercial structure. For the residential structure addressed 1817 N St. Mary’s, it
was visible that the original materials were intact. It was also noted that the property has lost its
residential context along N St. Mary’s. Based on site observation, the group supported a
determination of eligibility for the entire lot that includes 4 structures.
d. The parcel is located in the Tobin Hill neighborhood, but is not within the Tobin Hill Historic
District. The Tobin Hill area was surveyed in 2006 and 2007. The survey noted the property as
being within the period of significance.
e. If the HDRC agrees with the request, OHP will seek concurrence from the owner. If the owner is
in favor of designation, the request may proceed in the designation process and will be presented
to the Zoning Commission. In the case where an owner is not in favor, OHP must first forward
the recommendation of the HDRC to City Council for consideration of a resolution to initiate the
landmark designation process as outlined in UDC 35-606. If the HDRC does not agree with the
request, a resolution from City Council to initiate the landmark designation will not be sought.
f. ARCHITECTURAL DESCRIPTION –
902 E Euclid – residential
The structure is a single-story Craftsman with original exposed rafter tails, a double front
gable, and a covered front porch. It has a rectangular footprint, an original standing seam
metal roof on a cross gabled roof, and original 117 wood siding that is currently covered
by non-original synthetic asbestos siding. There is an original side gabled front concrete
porch with four (4) non-original wrought iron posts and concrete steps. Two front entry
doors are boarded up. Original one over one wood windows are installed throughout the
house, some with non-original aluminum screens. There are two original brick chimneys;
one is located on the south elevation of the house that has been painted, and one is inset
within the interior towards the rear.
904 E Euclid – residential
The structure is a twin for 902 E Euclid. This single-story Craftsman style structure with
original exposed rafter tails, a double front gable, and a covered front porch. It has a
rectangular footprint, an original standing seam metal roof on a cross gabled roof, and
original 117 wood siding that is currently covered by non-original synthetic asbestos
siding. There is an original side gabled front concrete porch with four
(4) non-original wrought iron posts and concrete steps. Two front entry doors are boarded
up. Original one over one wood windows are installed throughout the house, some with
original decorative wood windows screens and some with non-original aluminum
screens. An original brick chimney is located on the south elevation of the house that has
been painted.
1827 N St. Mary’s - commercial
The single story commercial brick structure is irregular shaped with two elevations that
front the street. The building’s placement addresses the street which is consistent with
early 20th century pedestrian oriented development. It has an original flat roof with a tall
parapet topped with a cornice and an original flat awning on the east elevation. There are
five (5) windows on the east elevation, three of which are bricked over. The window to
the left of the front door has an original transom window with four divided lights. There
is also a storefront door on the east elevation with non-original wood screens. The north
elevation features a painted sign advertising “A&G Boxing Team”. There are two
horizontal windows that are covered by an unknown material. There are two small
additions located on the southern elevation.
1817 N St. Mary’s – residential
The primary structure is a Craftsman style home with a rectangular footprint and an
original front clipped gable. Original features include a standing seam metal roof and
exposed rafter tails and brackets. It has a front gabled porch with three (3) original
tapered wood columns each atop large wooden piers clad with non-original synthetic
asbestos shingles. The original inset front porch is open to the south and east side.
Original one-over-one wood windows can be seen throughout the house. The siding is a
combination of non-original synthetic asbestos shingles and original wood 117 siding
underneath.
g. SITE CONTEXT –The parcel is located at the southwest corner of E Euclid and N St Mary’s, a
prominent corner on the N St Mary’s corridor, at a bend in the road which makes the commercial
structure highly visible. This is a large parcel that holds four structures: three residential single
family homes and one large corner commercial structure. The commercial structure sits at the
southwest corner of the North Saint Mary’s and East Euclid intersection. There is another corner
commercial structure at northwest corner of the same intersection, and two new construction
commercial structures at the east corners.
h. HISTORIC CONTEXT - The structures at 1817 North Saint Mary’s represent the residential and
commercial development of this area off the North Saint Mary’s commercial corridor. The
surrounding residential neighborhood of Tobin Hill flourished as one of San Antonio’s early
suburbs. The historic fabric of this area just outside of the Tobin Hill Historic District is rapidly
disappearing as new development along the Broadway and Saint Mary’s corridors intensify.
Already, the residential structure addressed 1817 N St Mary’s has lost its residential context as
commercial developed off Highway 281.
i. HISTORIC CONTEXT - North St. Mary’s Street, first called Rock Quarry Road and later Jones
Avenue, slowly grew to become important commercial corridor for adjacent residential
neighborhoods and flourished in the 1910s and 1920s.This southern end of the Tobin Hill
neighborhood developed in the early 1920s. Joe (also known as Joseph/Guiseppe) Di Carlo
purchased the property at the corner of North St. Mary’s and East Euclid in 1921 from W.E. and
Wanda Lowry, who lived on nearby Erie Ave. Joe Di Carlo, a prominent member of the Italian
community in San Antonio, lived with his family at 651 N Main where he also operated a grocery
store. Joe was a charter member of the Christopher Columbus Italian Society, and was honored as
a special guest at the cornerstone laying celebration in 1927.
j. EVALUATION – In order to be eligible for historic landmark designation, properties shall meet
at least three (3) of the 16 criteria listed. Staff finds that all four structures are contributing
structures to the neighborhood. Staff evaluated the property against all 16 criteria and determined
that it was consistent with UDC sec. 35-607(b):
(5) Its embodiment of distinguishing characteristics of an architectural style
valuable for the study of a period, type, method of construction, or use of indigenous
materials; as good examples of
Craftsman style residences and an early twentieth century one part block commercial
structure.
(7)Its unique location or singular physical characteristics that make it an established
or familiar visual feature; located on a prominent corner on the southernmost edge of
the Tobin Hill neighborhood, these structures provide definition of scale and context
moving from the commercial corridor of North St. Mary’s Street into the residential
portion of East Euclid.
(11) It is distinctive in character, interest or value; strongly exemplifies the cultural,
economic, social, ethnic or historical heritage of San Antonio, Texas or the United
States; the corner commercial structure represents the importance of the North St.
Mary’s Street corridor to the Tobin Hill community, serving the neighborhood as a
grocery store for over 40 years.
k. Per UDC Sec. 35-453, once the commission concurs eligibility of the property and makes a
recommendation of approval for designation, interim design review requirements will be in place
and the property owners must receive a written approval (a Certificate of Appropriateness) for
any exterior work. Theses interim requirements will remain in place until the City Council makes
their final decision on the proposed zoning change or not longer than six months.
l. The City offers a tax incentive for the substantial rehabilitation of historic properties because
historic landmarks possess cultural and historical value and contribute to the overall quality and
character of the City and its neighborhoods. If historic designation is approved, rehabilitation and
restoration work may be eligible for this incentive. State and Federal tax incentives are also
available for properties listed on the National Register of Historic Places and provide substantial
relief for rehabilitation projects.
RECOMMENDATIONS:
Staff recommends approval of the request. Staff finds that the property at 1817 N St Mary’s meets 3 of
the 16 criteria for evaluation and is eligible for landmark designation, and that all four buildings are
contributing, based on findings c through j. If the Historic and Design Review Commission (HDRC) finds
the property eligible, the HDRC will become the applicant and will request a resolution from the City
Council to initiate the designation process.
CITIZENS TO BE HEARD: None.
POSTPONED BY APPLICANT
www.expressnews.com/business/article/After-zoning-commiss...
Includes Kerouac's 'The Origins of Joy in Poetry,' 'The Wheel of the Quivering Meat Conception' (later published as the 211th chorus of 'Mexico City Blues') and 'Old Man Mose' (later published as the 221st chorus of 'Mexico City Blues').
Cold and clear for the Ricardo Fireworks Party. Traditional foreground rides for the kids, a bar, food, an impressive display and a chance to catch up with current and former colleagues.
includes disposal sharps container, HIV plush toy, needle exchange material. The candle was from the same vigil that forms the background images.
$112 BASE PRICE [INCLUDES WRIST STRAP]
$15 ADD MESSENGER STRAP
APPROXIMATE SIZE:
7.5" WIDE BY 4.5" TALL BY 1.25" DEEP
INCLUDES:
3 slip pockets
6 credit card slots
2 Clear ID Slots
1 zippered coin pocket
1 pen loop
1 lip gloss loop
TWO EXTERIOR ZIPPER POUCHES - GREAT FOR PHONE AND/OR OTHER FLAT/SMALL ITEMS
WHAT JJB ITEM CAN BE USED TO MAKE THIS ITEM?
ONE CHANGE PAD IS GREAT FOR THIS ITEM
MORE PHOTOS:
www.flickr.com/photos/thehappihippo/32819397922/in/album-...
via
Hiring staff for your medical or dental practice is a significant investment in your time and money—but it’s worth it. Your receptionist, billing clerk, and office manager interact/perform necessary tasks and set the tone for your practice, ultimately enabling you to become successful. To your patients, the front office staff is the face of your practice, so you need professional workers who best represent you. Here’s how to find and hire the best staff for your practice.
1. Post an enticing ad
Create an appealing job listing that is specific about the job requirements and your practice. Include a straightforward title, summary, responsibilities, qualifications, work schedule, compensation, and performance expectations for evaluation.
Qualifications should specify exceptional communication skills, strong negotiating skills, a calm demeanor, and tech savviness.
Indicate the personality type that would best fit your practice.
Be creative (without being flip) when describing the work environment—the ad is marketing for your practice and should attract the right candidates.
Post to sites like Indeed.com, LinkedIn, and industry-specific job boards. Local colleges also have job boards for students and graduates who are searching for part-time or full-time work. Newspaper classifieds are also useful.
2. Plan to compensate generously
Invest in your staff and your profits will rise. Both pay and cross-training—enabling employees to learn skills that they can employ during so-called idle time—ensure higher levels of productivity and better service for your patients. “Pay more than your competition,” says Leslie Blackwell, a Richmond, VA-based dental practice office manager. “Several dollars more per hour can make a big difference in the caliber of employee you may be able to hire.” Use sites with pay estimates like Salary.com and Glassdoor for a baseline figure and offer more. This will elicit more qualified applicants and increase the likelihood your hire will be more satisfied and stay longer. It’s less expensive to retain happy staff than to deal with the lost productivity and time lost due to turnover.
3. Solicit referrals
Ask your current employees if they know someone good for the role you’re hiring. “Chances are good that they have worked in other offices and may have worked with great people in the past,” says Blackwell. Getting a referral is a cheaper and faster way to hire and generally produces a better hire. A referred hire typically stays at the job longer than a traditional hire; the same is true for the employee who successfully referred a candidate. Incentivize referrals with a bonus award program.
4. Look for applicants with relevant experience
Previous work in a similar practice is an obvious marker of an applicant’s suitability for a front office job, but don’t limit your search to this criterion. Many customer-facing service professions, like those in high-end hotels, restaurants, and banks, require traits and skills that are directly applicable to dealing with patients. “These people have been trained to understand that customer service is of prime importance, and have been taught the tools to bring that to their job every day,” says Dr. Edward Alvarez, a New York City-based cosmetic dentist. Individuals with experience in the military are also primed for the demands of a front office job. “They are disciplined, responsible, and have excellent work ethic,” Alvarez says.
5. Interview and pay attention to personality
More important than work experience and skill sets, personality cannot be trained. Front office staff should mirror your typical patient in terms of dress and demeanor. A sincere smile will go a long way towards making your patients feel comfortable when entering your practice. “A smile is a must,” says Florida-based dentist Katia Friedman. “We’re in the smile business.” Ask questions to determine the applicant’s attitudes regarding sensitive information (confidential to the patient), conflict and confrontation management (payment collection), professionalism, and organization. “I do role-playing,” Friedman says. “I pretend I’m a difficult patient or I have a specific question. How do they handle that situation?” Remember that you can train skills, so hire based on personality. “I look for the right mindset,” Friedman says. “I want someone interested in what our practice is about and in seeing us grow.”
6. Take note of everything
You can learn a lot about a candidate before you ask him or her your first interview question. “Look at the small things that your potential new hire does during the interview process to know how they’ll show up later,” says Dr. Meredith Sagan, a Santa Monica-based psychiatrist. “By watching how your candidate shows up for their initial interactions with you, you will know how they will show up for you and your office in the future.” Promptness in returning calls and emails, the ability to follow directions, and arriving at the interview on time, well-groomed, and ready to work demonstrate the type of employee the applicant will be.
7. Take your time
Dr. Katia Friedman
Finding and hiring a new employee can take as much as three months. Don’t rush the search process: plan to interview as many as 10 or 20 candidates before making a decision, and don’t settle for a hire that you don’t click with. “I interview a lot of candidates to make a hire—up to twenty before I make a decision on somebody,” Friedman says. “I’m happy to do it because sometimes I need to meet another person to get closer to what I really want. Of course, sometimes there’s a great connection right away, a perfect fit, and I don’t have to do that many.”
8. Talk to references
Before making a job offer, call the applicant’s references to confirm prior employment and work performance and to learn what his or her strengths and weaknesses are, what it was like working with him or her, why he or she left the previous job, whether the reference would rehire him or her, and anything else relevant to his or her suitability for the job you’re hiring for. Prompt references to address specific traits like punctuality, crisis management, work ethic, and how he or she handles mistakes.
9. Start a new hire with a probationary period
Some aspects of working in a practice’s front office may not be apparent to a candidate prior to starting work. Similarly, some traits of a hire might not have been obvious during your pre-offer interactions. Use a trial period to confirm there’s a good match for both you and the new employee. “A hire may have a stellar résumé and stellar references but is just not a good fit,” says Dr. Brian Levine, a New York City-based reproductive endocrinologist. “Have someone spend a day in the office. They’ll tell you if they don’t like what they see.” Then continue with an extended trial. “Do a 90-day trial period with all new front office staff,” Blackwell says. “Make it clear from the beginning that this is basically an extended interview. If you discover anything that concerns you during that trial period, don’t be afraid to part ways.”
See the Original Article at Zocdoc
teethinadayflorida.com/how-to-hire-the-best-front-office-...
Located 45-minutes from Los Cabos International Airport, Costa Palmas is a 1000-acre master plan on Baja’s scenic East Cape. Set on two miles of white sand swimmable beach on the Sea of Cortés, the resort plans include a full-service marina, a golf course designed by Robert Trent Jones II, a marina village, organic farms, and the members-only Costa Palmas Beach & Yacht Club. It will also be home to Four Seasons Resort Los Cabos and ultimately at least two more internationally positioned hospitality and lifestyle brands.
Irongate previously developed The Ritz-Carlton Residences, Waikiki Beach and Trump International Hotel & Tower Waikiki.
Donald Trump filed a lawsuit in 2009 against the founder of Irongate, Jason Grosfeld, developer that paid to use his name for an oceanfront condominium project in Baja California but then failed to build it.
Hong Kong Government Department
The Hong Kong Police Force | HKP
Police Vehicles, Police Officers, Marine Police, Traffic Police, Police Stations. All Districts, Hong Kong
Special Units & Divisions include Counter Terrorism, Police Tactical Unit (PTU), National Security Bureau, Diplomatic Protection & Security, Commercial Crime, CID, Dog Unit, Wanted & Missing Persons, Cyber Security & Technology Crime Bureau, Organised Crime and Triad Bureau, Narcotics Bureau, Criminal Intelligence, The Bomb Squad (EOD), Public Relations, Criminal Records, Police Training College and the Auxiliary Police etc.
All relevant and extensive information about the Hong Kong Police Force is available on their website
It is very comprehensive, the Hong Kong Police Force has a highly organised structure.
All Hong Kong Police Vehicles use the AM licence plate ie 2 digits and up to 4 numbers | Police vehicles have different colours, normal Police vehicles are white with red and blue stripes, the Police Traffic Division vehicles are white with yellow and blue checkerboard design.
Amazingly the Police Force have their own superstitions as well, the majority of the licence plates on Police Vehicles have lucky number combinations involving the numbers 6,8, and 9 ! Basically 6 means easy life, 8 means wealth and 9 means long life - this is very much Hong Kong Culture. The Police also use unmarked vehicles extensively which are NOT identified by the AM mark.
The Police Museum at 27 Coombe Road at the Peak is also worth a visit, see details on the website listed above.
☛.... and if you want to read about my views on Hong Kong, then go to my blog, link below
✚ www.j3consultantshongkong.com/j3c-blog
☛ Photography is simply a hobby for me, I do NOT sell my images and all of my images can be FREELY downloaded from this site in the original upload image size or 5 other sizes, please note that you DO NOT have to ask for permission to download and use any of my images!
I include this merely for the novelty of the viewpoint! Taken from a Central Line train climbing one of the flyovers towards Greenford, the 165 is just crossing the A40 as it departs from the South Greenford stop while the 66 is coming off the single line chord from East Junction.
Sexy dress with sparkles.
Includes appliers for:
Lolas tango
Mirage
Omega
Cute/Phat
Sking Brazilia
G. Inc Perfect body (uses omega appliers)
Ghetto Booty
Maitreya
VS Fusion
Lena
Belleza
eBody
slink physique clothing applier
wowmeh applier
Eve applier hud pulpy and slim
I have an inworld shop. Use the telepad at the landing point. maps.secondlife.com/secondlife/Static%20Beats/84/236/59
Marketplace store.
marketplace.secondlife.com/p/Sexy-Dreams-Cutesy-dress-bei...
Jasper-quartz pebble conglomerate in the Precambrian of Ontario, Canada.
Southeastern Canada's ~2.3 billion year old Lorrain Formation includes some beautiful rocks that rockhounds have nicknamed "puddingstone". This refers to whitish-gray quartzites having common pebbles of red jasper.
The Lorrain Formation is somewhat heterolithic. Published studies mention that the unit has arkoses, subarkoses, quartzites, and jasper-pebble conglomerates. The latter two lithologies are present at the glacially-eroded outcrop seen here. The quartzites were originally sandstones. They have been well cemented and somewhat metamorphosed into very hard rocks. The jasper-pebble conglomerates, or "puddingstones", include clasts of white quartz and reddish jaspilites. Pebble shapes range from rounded to angular. Ordinarily, a sedimentary rock having rounded pebbles is called "conglomerate", and a rock having angular pebbles is called "breccia". This material has both shape categories, but is referred to as "conglomerate" here.
Jaspilite is a type of BIF (banded iron formation). BIFs only formed on Earth during the Precambrian - most are Paleoproterozoic in age. They are the # 1 source of iron ore for the world's steel industry. Numerous specific types of BIFs are known. Jaspilite consists of alternating laters of red and silvery-gray, iron-rich minerals. The red layers are hematite or jasper (= hematitic chert). The silver-gray layers are usually rich in magnetite and/or specular hematite. Jaspilite BIFs outcrop in many areas around Lake Superior, for example in Michigan's Upper Peninsula, Minnesota, and Ontario.
During the Paleoproterozoic, BIFs were subaerially exposed as paleo-outcrops and eroded, producing BIF sediments, including many red jasper pebbles. These mixed with quartz-rich sediments.
Regional studies indicate that the Lorrain Formation was deposited in ancient shallow ocean, lake, delta, and shoreline environments.
Stratigraphy: Lorrain Formation, upper Cobalt Group, Huronian Supergroup, Paleoproterozoic, ~2.3 Ga
Locality: Ottertail Lake Northeast Roadcut - glacial knob on the eastern side of Rt. 638, northeast of Ottertail Lake & southeast of Rock Lake, north-northeast of the town of Bruce Mines, southern Ontario, southeastern Canada (46° 23' 30.59" North latitude, 83° 43’ 10.94" West longitude)
------------------------------
Some info. synthesized from:
Hadley (1970) - Paleocurrents and origin of Huronian Lorrain Formation, Ontario and Quebec. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin 54: 850.
Outfit includes off-white, layered stretch lace gown, belt, knit jacket, arm gauntlets, stockings, designer shoes, and jewelry. LE 1,000
From a quick visit to Sheffield Park (NT), to view the Autumn colours before they disappeared. Not the right light for wide views, so I went for a mainly macro approach
Drawing is a form of visual art in which a person uses various drawing instruments to mark paper or another two-dimensional medium. Instruments include graphite pencils, pen and ink, inked brushes, wax color pencils, crayons, charcoal, chalk, pastels, various kinds of erasers, markers, styluses, various metals (such as silverpoint), and electronic drawing.
An artist who practices or works in technical drawing may be called a drafter, draftsman, or draughtsman.[1]
A drawing instrument releases small amount of material onto a surface, leaving a visible mark. The most common support for drawing is paper, although other materials, such as cardboard, plastic, leather, canvas, and board, may be used. Temporary drawings may be made on a blackboard or whiteboard or indeed almost anything. The medium has been a popular and fundamental means of public expression throughout human history. It is one of the simplest and most efficient means of communicating visual ideas.[2] The wide availability of drawing instruments makes drawing one of the most common artistic activities.
Drawing is one of the major forms of expression within the visual arts. It is generally concerned with the marking of lines and areas of tone onto paper, where the accurate representation of the visual world is expressed upon a plane surface.[3] Traditional drawings were monochrome, or at least had little colour,[4] while modern colored-pencil drawings may approach or cross a boundary between drawing and painting. In Western terminology, drawing is distinct from painting, even though similar media often are employed in both tasks. Dry media, normally associated with drawing, such as chalk, may be used in pastel paintings. Drawing may be done with a liquid medium, applied with brushes or pens. Similar supports likewise can serve both: painting generally involves the application of liquid paint onto prepared canvas or panels, but sometimes an underdrawing is drawn first on that same support.
Drawing is often exploratory, with considerable emphasis on observation, problem-solving and composition. Drawing is also regularly used in preparation for a painting, further obfuscating their distinction. Drawings created for these purposes are called studies.
There are several categories of drawing, including figure drawing, cartooning, doodling and shading. There are also many drawing methods, such as line drawing, stippling, shading, the surrealist method of entopic graphomania (in which dots are made at the sites of impurities in a blank sheet of paper, and lines are then made between the dots), and tracing (drawing on a translucent paper, such as tracing paper, around the outline of preexisting shapes that show through the paper).
A quick, unrefined drawing may be called a sketch.
In fields outside art, technical drawings or plans of buildings, machinery, circuitry and other things are often called "drawings" even when they have been transferred to another medium by printing.
Drawing as a Form of Communication Drawing is one of the oldest forms of human expression, with evidence for its existence preceding that of written communication.[5] It is believed that drawing was used as a specialised form of communication before the invent of the written language,[5][6] demonstrated by the production of cave and rock paintings created by Homo sapiens sapiens around 30,000 years ago.[7] These drawings, known as pictograms, depicted objects and abstract concepts.[8] The sketches and paintings produced in prehistoric times were eventually stylised and simplified, leading to the development of the written language as we know it today.
Drawing in the Arts Drawing is used to express one's creativity, and therefore has been prominent in the world of art. Throughout much of history, drawing was regarded as the foundation for artistic practise.[9] Initially, artists used and reused wooden tablets for the production of their drawings.[10] Following the widespread availability of paper in the 14th century, the use of drawing in the arts increased. At this point, drawing was commonly used as a tool for thought and investigation, acting as a study medium whilst artists were preparing for their final pieces of work.[11][12] In a period of artistic flourish, the Renaissance brought about drawings exhibiting realistic representational qualities,[13] where there was a lot of influence from geometry and philosophy.[14]
The invention of the first widely available form of photography led to a shift in the use of drawing in the arts.[15] Photography took over from drawing as a more superior method for accurately representing visual phenomena, and artists began to abandon traditional drawing practises.[16] Modernism in the arts encouraged "imaginative originality"[17] and artists' approach to drawing became more abstract.
Drawing Outside of the Arts Although the use of drawing is extensive in the arts, its practice is not confined purely to this field. Before the widespread availability of paper, 12th century monks in European monasteries used intricate drawings to prepare illustrated, illuminated manuscripts on vellum and parchment. Drawing has also been used extensively in the field of science, as a method of discovery, understanding and explanation. In 1616, astronomer Galileo Galilei explained the changing phases of the moon through his observational telescopic drawings.[16] Additionally, in 1924, geophysicist Alfred Wegener used illustrations to visually demonstrate the origin of the continents.[16]
Notable draftsmen[edit]
Since the 14th century, each century has produced artists who have created great drawings.
Notable draftsmen of the 14th, 15th and 16th centuries include Leonardo da Vinci, Albrecht Dürer, Michelangelo and Raphael.
Notable draftsmen of the 17th century include Claude, Nicolas Poussin, Rembrandt, Guercino, and Peter Paul Rubens.
Notable draftsmen of the 18th century include Jean-Honoré Fragonard, Giovanni Battista Tiepolo, and Antoine Watteau.
Notable draftsmen of the 19th century include Paul Cézanne, Aubrey Beardsley, Jacques-Louis David, Pierre-Paul Prud'hon, Edgar Degas, Théodore Géricault, Francisco Goya, Jean Ingres, Odilon Redon, Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, Honoré Daumier, and Vincent van Gogh.
Notable draftsmen of the 20th century include Käthe Kollwitz, Max Beckmann, Jean Dubuffet, George Grosz, Egon Schiele, Arshile Gorky, Paul Klee, Oscar Kokoschka, Alphonse Mucha, M. C. Escher, André Masson, Jules Pascin, and Pablo Picasso.
The medium is the means by which ink, pigment or color are delivered onto the drawing surface. Most drawing media are either dry (e.g. graphite, charcoal, pastels, Conté, silverpoint), or use a fluid solvent or carrier (marker, pen and ink). Watercolor pencils can be used dry like ordinary pencils, then moistened with a wet brush to get various painterly effects. Very rarely, artists have drawn with (usually decoded) invisible ink. Metalpoint drawing usually employs either of two metals: silver or lead.[18] More rarely used are gold, platinum, copper, brass, bronze, and tinpoint.
Paper comes in a variety of different sizes and qualities, ranging from newspaper grade up to high quality and relatively expensive paper sold as individual sheets.[19] Papers can vary in texture, hue, acidity, and strength when wet. Smooth paper is good for rendering fine detail, but a more "toothy" paper holds the drawing material better. Thus a coarser material is useful for producing deeper contrast.
Newsprint and typing paper may be useful for practice and rough sketches. Tracing paper is used to experiment over a half-finished drawing, and to transfer a design from one sheet to another. Cartridge paper is the basic type of drawing paper sold in pads. Bristol board and even heavier acid-free boards, frequently with smooth finishes, are used for drawing fine detail and do not distort when wet media (ink, washes) are applied. Vellum is extremely smooth and suitable for very fine detail. Coldpressed watercolor paper may be favored for ink drawing due to its texture.
Acid-free, archival quality paper keeps its color and texture far longer than wood pulp based paper such as newsprint, which turns yellow and become brittle much sooner.
The basic tools are a drawing board or table, pencil sharpener and eraser, and for ink drawing, blotting paper. Other tools used are circle compass, ruler, and set square. Fixative is used to prevent pencil and crayon marks from smudging. Drafting tape is used to secure paper to drawing surface, and also to mask an area to keep it free of accidental marks sprayed or spattered materials and washes. An easel or slanted table is used to keep the drawing surface in a suitable position, which is generally more horizontal than the position used in painting.
Almost all draftsmen use their hands and fingers to apply the media, with the exception of some handicapped individuals who draw with their mouth or feet.[20]
Prior to working on an image, the artist typically explores how various media work. They may try different drawing implements on practice sheets to determine value and texture, and how to apply the implement to produce various effects.
The artist's choice of drawing strokes affects the appearance of the image. Pen and ink drawings often use hatching—groups of parallel lines.[21] Cross-hatching uses hatching in two or more different directions to create a darker tone. Broken hatching, or lines with intermittent breaks, form lighter tones—and controlling the density of the breaks achieves a gradation of tone. Stippling, uses dots to produce tone, texture or shade. Different textures can be achieved depending on the method used to build tone.[22]
Drawings in dry media often use similar techniques, though pencils and drawing sticks can achieve continuous variations in tone. Typically a drawing is filled in based on which hand the artist favors. A right-handed artist draws from left to right to avoid smearing the image. Erasers can remove unwanted lines, lighten tones, and clean up stray marks. In a sketch or outline drawing, lines drawn often follow the contour of the subject, creating depth by looking like shadows cast from a light in the artist's position.
Sometimes the artist leaves a section of the image untouched while filling in the remainder. The shape of the area to preserve can be painted with masking fluid or cut out of a frisket and applied to the drawing surface, protecting the surface from stray marks until the mask is removed.
Another method to preserve a section of the image is to apply a spray-on fixative to the surface. This holds loose material more firmly to the sheet and prevents it from smearing. However the fixative spray typically uses chemicals that can harm the respiratory system, so it should be employed in a well-ventilated area such as outdoors.
Another technique is subtractive drawing in which the drawing surface is covered with graphite or charcoal and then erased to make the image.[23]
Shading is the technique of varying the tonal values on the paper to represent the shade of the material as well as the placement of the shadows. Careful attention to reflected light, shadows and highlights can result in a very realistic rendition of the image.
Blending uses an implement to soften or spread the original drawing strokes. Blending is most easily done with a medium that does not immediately fix itself, such as graphite, chalk, or charcoal, although freshly applied ink can be smudged, wet or dry, for some effects. For shading and blending, the artist can use a blending stump, tissue, a kneaded eraser, a fingertip, or any combination of them. A piece of chamois is useful for creating smooth textures, and for removing material to lighten the tone. Continuous tone can be achieved with graphite on a smooth surface without blending, but the technique is laborious, involving small circular or oval strokes with a somewhat blunt point.
Shading techniques that also introduce texture to the drawing include hatching and stippling. A number of other methods produce texture. In addition to the choice of paper, drawing material and technique affect texture. Texture can be made to appear more realistic when it is drawn next to a contrasting texture; a coarse texture is more obvious when placed next to a smoothly blended area. A similar effect can be achieved by drawing different tones close together. A light edge next to a dark background stands out to the eye, and almost appears to float above the surface.
Form and proportion[edit]Measuring the dimensions of a subject while blocking in the drawing is an important step in producing a realistic rendition of the subject. Tools such as a compass can be used to measure the angles of different sides. These angles can be reproduced on the drawing surface and then rechecked to make sure they are accurate. Another form of measurement is to compare the relative sizes of different parts of the subject with each other. A finger placed at a point along the drawing implement can be used to compare that dimension with other parts of the image. A ruler can be used both as a straightedge and a device to compute proportions.
When attempting to draw a complicated shape such as a human figure, it is helpful at first to represent the form with a set of primitive shapes. Almost any form can be represented by some combination of the cube, sphere, cylinder, and cone. Once these basic shapes have been assembled into a likeness, then the drawing can be refined into a more accurate and polished form. The lines of the primitive shapes are removed and replaced by the final likeness. Drawing the underlying construction is a fundamental skill for representational art, and is taught in many books and schools. Its correct application resolves most uncertainties about smaller details, and makes the final image look consistent.[24]
A more refined art of figure drawing relies upon the artist possessing a deep understanding of anatomy and the human proportions. A trained artist is familiar with the skeleton structure, joint location, muscle placement, tendon movement, and how the different parts work together during movement. This allows the artist to render more natural poses that do not appear artificially stiff. The artist is also familiar with how the proportions vary depending on the age of the subject, particularly when drawing a portrait.
Perspective[edit]
Linear perspective is a method of portraying objects on a flat surface so that the dimensions shrink with distance. Each set of parallel, straight edges of any object, whether a building or a table, follows lines that eventually converge at a vanishing point. Typically this convergence point is somewhere along the horizon, as buildings are built level with the flat surface. When multiple structures are aligned with each other, such as buildings along a street, the horizontal tops and bottoms of the structures typically converge at a vanishing point.When both the fronts and sides of a building are drawn, then the parallel lines forming a side converge at a second point along the horizon (which may be off the drawing paper.) This is a two-point perspective.[25] Converging the vertical lines to a third point above or below the horizon then produces a three-point perspective.
Depth can also be portrayed by several techniques in addition to the perspective approach above. Objects of similar size should appear ever smaller the further they are from the viewer. Thus the back wheel of a cart appears slightly smaller than the front wheel. Depth can be portrayed through the use of texture. As the texture of an object gets further away it becomes more compressed and busy, taking on an entirely different character than if it was close. Depth can also be portrayed by reducing the contrast in more distant objects, and by making their colors less saturated. This reproduces the effect of atmospheric haze, and cause the eye to focus primarily on objects drawn in the foreground.
Ha Long Bay is located within the Quang Ninh Province of Vietnam. Situated in the Gulf of Tonkin, the site includes some 1600 islands and islets forming a spectacular seascape of limestone pillars in an area of around 1,553 sq km. Because of their precipitous nature, most of the islands are uninhabited and relatively unaffected by human influence.
Ha Long Bay possesses a tremendous diversity of caves and other landforms which derive from the unusual geomorphological process of marine invaded tower karst. In recognition of its remarkable scenic quality, Ha Long Bay was inscribed as a UNESCO natural World Heritage site (1994) and the New7Wonders of Nature (2011).