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needle roll made from felted scarf (blue) with felted cashmere sweater pages...part of the functional felt swap
While there are many examples of architecturally spectacular mosques in the world, a mosque can be as simple as a room. This is the mosque just off the beach next to the fish market.
Superlative contemporary and modern decorative arts, design and jewelry by internationally recognized museum class artists will be showcased by 55 international dealers from 12 countries at SOFA NEW YORK 2009.
Hickory highlights throughout are well fastened with clean joints, and intended largely to cover fabric seams while offering an attractive and unique detail.
So I've been tagged in the flickr tagging game, where you are supposed to post the 5th photo of your 5th folder. This posed some interesting problems, mainly in terms of determining which folder is the 5th, given that the folders on your computer are arranged in an n-ary tree structure. There are a multitude of tree traversal algorithms, and the game does not specify which algorithm to use. Hence, the rules of the game are woefully underspecified. Below are some of the options for traversing a tree structure. Personally, I selected a breadth first search.
In computer science, tree-traversal refers to the process of visiting (examining and/or updating) each node in a tree data structure, exactly once, in a systematic way. Such traversals are classified by the order in which the nodes are visited. The following algorithms are described for a binary tree, but they may be generalized to other trees as well.
* 1 Traversal
o 1.1 Example
o 1.2 Sample implementations
o 1.3 Level order traversal
o 1.4 Queue-based level order traversal
o 1.5 Uses
* 2 Functional traversal
* 3 Iterative traversing
* 4 See also
* 5 References
* 6 External links
Traversal
Compared to linear data structures like linked lists and one dimensional arrays, which have only one logical means of traversal, tree structures can be traversed in many different ways. Starting at the root of a binary tree, there are three main steps that can be performed and the order in which they are performed define the traversal type. These steps (in no particular order) are: performing an action on the current node (referred to as "visiting" the node), traversing to the left child node, and traversing to the right child node. Thus the process is most easily described through recursion.
To traverse a non-empty binary tree in preorder, perform the following operations recursively at each node, starting with the root node:
1. Visit the root.
2. Traverse the left subtree.
3. Traverse the right subtree.
(This is also called Depth-first traversal.)
To traverse a non-empty binary tree in inorder, perform the following operations recursively at each node, starting with the root node:
1. Traverse the left subtree.
2. Visit the root.
3. Traverse the right subtree.
(This is also called Symmetric traversal.)
To traverse a non-empty binary tree in postorder, perform the following operations recursively at each node, starting with the root node:
1. Traverse the left subtree.
2. Traverse the right subtree.
3. Visit the root.
Finally, trees can also be traversed in level-order, where we visit every node on a level before going to a lower level. This is also called Breadth-first traversal.
Example
A sorted binary tree
In this binary search tree,
* Preorder traversal sequence: F, B, A, D, C, E, G, I, H
* Inorder traversal sequence: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I
o Note that the inorder traversal of this binary search tree yields an ordered list
* Postorder traversal sequence: A, C, E, D, B, H, I, G, F
* Level-order traversal sequence: F, B, G, A, D, I, C, E, H
Sample implementations
preorder(node)
print node.value
if node.left ≠ null then preorder(node.left)
if node.right ≠ null then preorder(node.right)
inorder(node)
if node.left ≠ null then inorder(node.left)
print node.value
if node.right ≠ null then inorder(node.right)
postorder(node)
if node.left ≠ null then postorder(node.left)
if node.right ≠ null then postorder(node.right)
print node.value
All sample implementations will require stack space proportional to the height of the tree. In a poorly balanced tree, this can be quite considerable.
We can remove the stack requirement by maintaining parent pointers in each node, or by threading the tree. In the case of using threads, this will allow for greatly improved inorder traversal, although retrieving the parent node required for preorder and postorder traversal will be slower than a simple stack based algorithm.
To traverse a threaded tree inorder, we could do something like this:
inorder(node)
while hasleftchild(node) do
node = node.left
do
visit(node)
if (hasrightchild(node)) then
node = node.right
while hasleftchild(node) do
node = node.left
else
while node.parent ≠ null and node = node.parent.right
node = node.parent
node = node.parent
while node ≠ null
Note that a threaded binary tree will provide a means of determining whether a pointer is a child, or a thread. See threaded binary trees for more information.
Level order traversal
Level order traversal is a traversal method by which levels are visited successively starting with level 0 (the root node), and nodes are visited from left to right on each level.
This is commonly implemented using a queue data structure with the following steps (and using the tree below as an example):
Image:Binary_tree.svg
Step 1: Push the root node onto the queue (node 2):
New queue: 2- - - - - - - - - -
Step 2:
Pop the node off the front of the queue (node 2).
Push that node's left child onto the queue (node 7).
Push that node's right child onto the queue (node 5).
Output that node's value (2).
New queue: 7-5- - - - - - - - -
Output: 2
Step 3:
Pop the node off the front of the queue (node 7).
Push that node's left child onto the queue (node 2).
Push that node's right child onto the queue (node 6).
Output that node's value (7).
New queue: 5-2-6- - - - - - - -
Output: 2 7
Step 4:
Pop the node off the front of the queue (node 5).
Push that node's left child onto the queue (NULL, so take no action).
Push that node's right child onto the queue (node 9).
Output that node's value (5).
New queue: 2-6-9- - - - - - - -
Output: 2 7 5
Step 5:
Pop the node off the front of the queue (node 2).
Push that node's left child onto the queue (NULL, so take no action).
Push that node's right child onto the queue (NULL, so take no action).
Output that node's value (2).
New queue: 6-9- - - - - - - - -
Output: 2 7 5 2
Step 6:
Pop the node off the front of the queue (node 6).
Push that node's left child onto the queue (node 5).
Push that node's right child onto the queue (node 11).
Output that node's value (6).
New queue: 9-5-11- - - - - - - -
Output: 2 7 5 2 6
Step 7:
Pop the node off the front of the queue (node 9).
Push that node's left child onto the queue (node 4).
Push that node's right child onto the queue (NULL, so take no action).
Output that node's value (9).
New queue: 5-11-4- - - - - - - -
Output: 2 7 5 2 6 9
Step 8: You will notice that because the remaining nodes in the queue have no children, nothing else will be added to the queue, so the nodes will just be popped off and output consecutively (5, 11, 4). This gives the following:
Final output: 2 7 5 2 6 9 5 11 4
which is a level-order traversal of the tree.
Queue-based level order traversal
Also, listed below is pseudocode for a simple queue based level order traversal, and will require space proportional to the maximum number of nodes at a given depth. This can be as much as the total number of nodes / 2. A more space-efficient approach for this type of traversal can be implemented using an iterative deepening depth-first search.
levelorder(root)
q = empty queue
q.enqueue(root)
while not q.empty do
node := q.dequeue()
visit(node)
if node.left ≠ null
q.enqueue(node.left)
if node.right ≠ null
q.enqueue(node.right)
Uses
Inorder traversal
It is particularly common to use an inorder traversal on a binary search tree because this will return values from the underlying set in order, according to the comparator that set up the binary search tree (hence the name).
To see why this is the case, note that if n is a node in a binary search tree, then everything in n 's left subtree is less than n, and everything in n 's right subtree is greater than or equal to n. Thus, if we visit the left subtree in order, using a recursive call, and then visit n, and then visit the right subtree in order, we have visited the entire subtree rooted at n in order. We can assume the recursive calls correctly visit the subtrees in order using the mathematical principle of structural induction. Traversing in reverse inorder similarly gives the values in decreasing order.
Preorder traversal
Traversing a tree in preorder while inserting the values into a new tree is common way of making a complete copy of a binary search tree.
One can also use preorder traversals to get a prefix expression (Polish notation) from expression trees: traverse the expression tree preorderly. To calculate the value of such an expression: scan from right to left, placing the elements in a stack. Each time we find an operator, we replace the two top symbols of the stack with the result of applying the operator to those elements. For instance, the expression ∗ + 234, which in infix notation is (2 + 3) ∗ 4, would be evaluated like this:
Using prefix traversal to evaluate an expression tree Expression (remaining) Stack
∗ + 234
∗ + 23 4
∗ + 2 3 4
∗ + 2 3 4
∗ 5 4
Answer 20
Functional traversal
We could perform the same traversals in a functional language like Haskell using code similar to this:
data Tree a = Nil | Node (Tree a) a (Tree a)
preorder Nil = []
preorder (Node left x right) = [x] ++ (preorder left) ++ (preorder right)
postorder Nil = []
postorder (Node left x right) = (postorder left) ++ (postorder right) ++ [x]
inorder Nil = []
inorder (Node left x right) = (inorder left) ++ [x] ++ (inorder right)
Iterative traversing
All the above recursive algorithms require stack space proportional to the depth of the tree. Recursive traversal may be converted into an iterative one using various well-known methods.
A sample is shown here for postorder traversal using a visited flag:
nonrecursivepostorder (rootNode)
nodeStack.push (rootNode)
while (!nodeStack.empty())
currNode = nodeStack.last ()
if ((currNode.left != null) and (currNode.left.visited == false))
nodeStack.push (currNode.left)
else
if ((currNode.right != null) and (currNode.right.visited == false))
nodeStack.push (currNode.right)
else
print currNode.value
currNode.visited := true
nodeStack.pop ()
In this case, for each node is required to keep an additional "visited" flag, other than usual informations (value, left-child-reference, right-child-reference).
Another example is preorder traversal without using a visited flag (java):
public void traverseTree(Node root) {
Stack nodes;
nodes.push(root);
Node currentNode;
while (!nodes.isEmpty()){
currentNode = nodes.pop();
Node right = currentNode.right();
if (right != null)
nodes.push(right);
Node left = currentNode.left();
if (left != null)
nodes.push(left);
System.out.println("Node data: "+currentNode.data);
}
}
There are lots of good diagrams missing here, go to Wikipedia and search on "Tree Traversal" to see them.
It´s functional, by turning the axle connector it can load the container. Here´s a video www.youtube.com/watch?v=PDLaUdDTpNg
"À une certaine époque existaient les cabines téléphoniques.
- Les quoi?
- Les cabines téléphoniques. Elles servaient à nous isoler pour entretenir des conversations téléphoniques.
-Nous isoler? On pouvait juster parler au téléphone dans les cabines téléphoniques?
-Oui. On parlait seulement au téléphone.
-On textait pas en même temps?
-Non.
-On pouvait pas parler au cell et à la caissière en même temps?
-Non. On parlait à une personne à la fois.
-Rien qu'une?
-Rien qu'une. On faisait une chose à la fois.
-Dull."
Remember the time when we went in these phone cabins simply to phone. To do one thing at a time - speak to somebody on the phone. With today's cell phone, we speak, purchase, text, scroll, walk, eat, speak to another person, boot our computer, buy stocks and fall in love (or so we think) all in the same conversation.
Alicia Diaz, 2008.
Car Crashes Coasters
Acrylic on Paper Coaster
4.5 in X 3.5 in.
Place on Bar tables and bars.
Functional Photography Co. - Available to Shoot! Contact me for Schedule, Bookings & Prints. - #canon #bwphotogrhy #bnw_captures #visualsoflife #instabw #bwmasters #ig_bw #excellent_bnw #igblacknwhite #blackandwhite #bnw_demand #bnwmood #bnw_planet #bnw_society #bnw_magazine #bw_pictures #bnw_of_our_world #top_bnw #bw_lovers #bw_crew #noir_vision #bnw_diamond #flair_bw #rsa_bnw #bnw_life #bnw_guru #love_bnw #jj_blackwhite #bwsquare #owl #carved ift.tt/2GVjdQM
One of the "extra" handless teacups, for a special order for my fiancee. It's a shame that she doesn't even use the ones that she has. #mug #cup #coffee #tea #coffeecup #coffeemug #teacup #triangle #handless #blue #black #clay #ceramic #stoneware #pottery #handmade #wheel #wheelthrown #functional #home
An Engineering Student’s Final Project is the apex of all his theoretical knowledge, lab experiments, seminars, tours and study periods. It involves,
a) Design based on engineering principals.
b) Procurement of material / spares.
c) Fabrication of Projects.
d) Test & Trial Stage.
e) Presentation of Functional / Working Model.
This is a systematic and painstaking process where students select the project of their interest from the list given by Engineering Department or of his own choice. Then comes the stage of preparation & presentation of synopsis by each group.
A Project Review Committee headed by Prof. Dr. Naeem Akhtar (Dean Faculty of Engineering) with Prof. Dr. Manzar Saeed (HOD Faculty of Engineering) and other members like Dr. Nawaz (Assistant Professor), Lecturer Engr. Shoaib Pervaiz and Lecturer Akhtar Rasool evaluated and approved the projects. Presentations are attended by all available faculty members. Projects are approved based on,
a) Standard at par with standard of undergraduate electrical engineering.
b) Availability of spares in land / abroad.
c) Practicability of the projects.
d) Preferably hardware based, however, software oriented assimilation projects are also acceptable.
Each group is assigned a Project Advisor (a Faculty Member) under whose direct supervision the project is assembled in HU Project Lab. Hajvery University Final Semester Projects of Batch-1 were displayed on May 23, 2011. In all, there were eleven projects. External Examiner’s duties were performed by Maj. Gen. (R) Muhammad Asaad HI(M), Ex Director General of Inspection and Technical Development of Pak Army. Prof. Dr. Engr. Naeem Akhtar, Dean was Internal Examiner with his team comprising Prof. Dr. Engr. Manzar Saeed (HOD), Dr. Muhammad Nawaz and Lecturer Akhtar Rasool.
Each group was thoroughly interviewed about different stages of progress pertaining to their projects. Then each group was allowed to exhibit their project. It was indeed heartening to observe that all the projects were based on latest technologies and were prepared with skilful assemblies. Each project passed the test of functionability. It was a perfect exhibition of engineering talent and innovation. The project display continued for 2nd day, i.e. May 24, 2011 as well. Maj. Gen. (R) Muhammad Asaad HI(M) at the end of thorough analysis, dissection, discussion and exhibition of these eleven functional projects was extremely satisfied. He said that the standard of the students as well as projects are much above than other a like institutions and HU must be proud of this most successful exhibition of running projects.
Hajvery University (HU) is one of the leading Universities in Pakistan. HU is Chartered by Govt. Of Pakistan, Accredited by Higher Education Commission of Pakistan (HEC) and rated W category. HU is a progressive, Student Centric University, focused on offering rigorous, market driven courses in Business, Fashion, Engineering, Computer sciences, Textile Design, Media Studies, Economics, Commerce, Pharmacy & English.For details:
Web: www.hup.edu.pk,
UAN: 042-111-777-007
email: info@hup.edu.pk
Bikinis made by Ed Hardy are functional yet fashionable. The Ed Hardy Bikini is made to fit anybody and come in different designs and colors. We supply cheap Ed Hardy Swimwear and sexy Ed Hardy Love Kills in our Ed Hardy Bikini shop, want to see more fashion Bikinis Ed Hardy, go to www.bikinisedhardy.com.
Trinity House’s Multi Functional Tender (MFT), GALATEA, delivered in 2007, has been designed with buoy handling, wreck marking, towing and multibeam and side scan hydrographic surveying capability. At 84m long with a service speed of 13 knots, she is fitted to the highest and most modern technical standards.
GALATEA is a state of the art vessel enhanced by many additional features including DPAA dynamic positioning, a range of high specification survey equipment, a 30t lift crane, a 1.2m² moon pool, a large working deck with the facility to lock containers on deck with plug in to 230v or 400v supply, a helicopter-landing pad and a high-speed workboat.
© 2010 Trinity House
www.trinityhouse.co.uk/commercial_activities/commercial_s...
functional training area includes kettle balls, bosu balls, jump ropes, balancing aids, steps, towers, hurdles, stability and medicine balls
items for the functional felt swap, made by my friend birdie... who doesn't have a flickr account but did just get a new digital camera and sent me this photo.
she made little saddle shoes, little ballet-slipper style booties, and a felted ball. super-cute!
The Atlanta Hawks partnered with sports medicine researchers in 2016 to build an incredible new practice facility. The facility has been prized for its world-class, modern and clean design, and has set a new standard in the professional basketball arena. In order to maintain the same state-of-the-art design on the interior and exterior, they worked with ForeverLawn North Central Georgia to create an outdoor training area with a pool, surfaced with DuPont™ ForeverLawn® Select HD, and SportsGrass Arena. The application of ForeverLawn products has maintained the superior look as well as the functionality for the high-traffic facility.
This is the sixth fully functional LEGO tank MOC I've build. It's a fictional design, not based of an existing tank, though I was inspired by the LEGO tank Gyuta97 has build.
You can find a video of this MOC at: youtu.be/PNOXMTCWgFs
Where my dad slept as a "bachelor" (that's what the Saudis called men without their families) during his seven year tenure in Saudi Arabia.
See these Stereo Skateboard Vinyl Cruisers at Krush! The evolution of the Stereo Vinyl Cruiser. Stereo takes its boldest step yet in the Vinyl Cruiser story with the release of the Wood Vinyl Cruiser - a fully functional skateboard that merges contemporary technology with a retro-modern experience. - $109