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Followers I'm going to start having Streetcar Sunday for a while. Just to clear out the backlog of streetcar pics, so here you go from Portlandia. I'm not the biggest fan of streetcar expansion, but they sure are nice to ride. My Portland Streetcar photos: www.flickr.com/photos/avgeekjoe/albums/72157671238301784
PHOTO CREDIT: Joe A. Kunzler Photo, AvgeekJoe Productions, growlernoise-AT-gmail-DOT-com
Le phare St-Louis à Sète
@followers @tout le monde @à la une
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Follower of Bernard Palissy, platter, last quarter of the 16th century, lead-glazed earthenware, 52.1 x 39.7 x 7.1 cm (The Metropolitan Museum of Art)
Followers of the @rdubaton, we have reached our goodbye moment. I am sad to see this day come to a close. I greatly appreciate all of the participation during my day with the baton. Living in this progressive and prosperous triad of southern love is life’s truest blessing. Our nightcap is sponsored by @whitestreetbrew - their brewery/tasting room is a gem in the heart of Wake Forest. We love having a brewery close to home to hang our hats on after long weeks. Thank you all again for your hospitality today. CHEERS! Up next is @The_SarahHannah (drops the baton) / on Instagram www.instagram.com/p/BDo7loWjhzB/
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The National Gallery, London.
The Teenagers - live @ Cine/Teatro Gambrinus - Firenze - 18.06.2008 - (Pitti Uomo)
Dura la vita del buttafuori, specie se per tutta la sera spinano birra gratis. Vedere sotto...
In the spring of 1851, three prospectors ran across a rich deposit of gravel in the hills about ten miles northeast of Nevada City and others arrived when one of them was followed back from a supply trip. The followers were elated at finding the rich new diggings and quickly began working along the creek, with high hopes of striking it rich. But try as they might, pan after pan yielded nothing but dirt. The trip was declared a “Humbug,” and so they named the creek.
Two years later, with the advent of hydraulic mining in the region, a town sprang up near the creek, a town called Humbug which grew and was soon an important mining center for the region. When the post office was established in 1857, the Humbugians felt their town needed a more melodious name, and Bloomfield was the people’s choice, to which the post office added “North” to distinguish it from Bloomfield in Sonoma County. North Bloomfield prospered greatly, due mainly to the highly productive Malakoff Mine, and claimed some seventeen hundred residents, which included a large settlement of Chinese immigrants.
It was here at the Malakoff Mine that hydraulic mining, described as “a devilishly successful method of blasting gold from the ground,” realized its full potential. The gold the miners were after here along the San Juan Ridge was located in “deep gravels,” ancient riverbeds which had dried up some fifty million years ago. Since that time, the powerful geologic forces that created the Sierra Nevada have twisted, moved, broken, and buried those ancient river channels and their gold deposits, often times under several hundred feet of low grade or worthless dirt. And the most efficient and economical way to move that dirt and get the gold was hydraulic mining.
This method of mining consists of simply blasting a hillside with tremendous, high-pressure streams of water shot from a giant nozzle known as a “monitor.” These jets of water were so powerful that a strong man could not strike a crowbar through a six-inch stream. A fifty-pound boulder placed on the spray would be hurled fantastic distances, and records show that men and animals were killed by the force of the water alone at distances of more than two hundred feet from the nozzle.
The mountains which faced the onslaught of these terrible forces of water simply disintegrated, bringing down tons of rock, gravel, pay dirt, small animals, and vegetation. The gold-bearing sludge then traveled through a deep cut or tunnel which was lined with a series of sluices to catch the gold, the remaining muddy water being discharged into any nearby canyon or river.
The North Bloomfield Gravel Mining Company operated the Malakoff Mine, the world’s largest hydraulic operation. In an effort to provide better drainage needed to reach the richest deposits, the company embarked on one of the greatest mining engineering feats of all time, carving an eight thousand foot long drainage tunnel through solid bedrock. Hamilton Smith was the engineer in charge of digging the tunnel, and after thirty months of intense activity he saw his tunnel completed on November 15 of 1874, which allowed the company to mine the deep gravels and dump the tailings directly into the South Yuba River. The company reached its peak after completing the tunnel, operating seven giant monitors twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week, and processing fifty thousand tons of gravel per day. In this manner, more than forty-one million yards of earth were mined, which resulted in creating the Malakoff mine pit, a spectacular canyon some seven thousand feet long and three thousand feet wide, which reached a depth of nearly six hundred feet at the peak of mining operations.
Although hydraulic mining proved to be extremely profitable, it also proved to be disastrous to the environment. The waste gravel, mud, and water from the mining operations were initially dumped into Humbug Creek and later into the Yuba River. These tailings polluted the streams, killed the fish, and rendered the Sacramento and Yuba rivers un-navigable for ocean going vessels for more than one hundred years. The silt from hydraulic mining reached as far as San Francisco Bay and on through the Golden Gate. At Marysville, debris from the Malakoff mine choked the Yuba until the river bottom was higher than the adjacent town, causing severe flooding and damage. And as the bed of the Sacramento River rose, floods struck the rich agricultural areas in California’s great Central Valley, resulting in millions of dollars in damages for local farmers.
The farmers, who were not about to let hydraulic mining destroy their land, fought back and by in 1883, in a landmark case, a suit was brought against the North Bloomfield Gravel Mining Company to stop them from dumping tailings into the Yuba River. A January 1884 ruling was in favor of the farmers and the North Bloomfield Gravel Mining Company from dumping tailings into the Yuba River. This was the famous Sawyer Decision, the first environmental legislation in the United States, and the decision which effectively brought an end to the era of hydraulic mining in California.
Today the ghost town of North Bloomfield and the nearby Malakoff mine are within the boundaries of the three thousand acre Malakoff Diggins State Historic Park. Several of the town’s original buildings are still standing, while a few others have been reconstructed to their original designs. A museum contains bits and pieces of the town’s history and the Ranger’s office can usually answer any visitor’s questions. (11-03-31-P4672)
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As Flickr Follower jm6757 has uploaded photos today of work in progress on Fleetline 7000 we turn the clock back to 25 years ago with the last day of Fleetline in Birmingham. Here 7000 is seen resting between duties on the 27 service to Birmingham Markets.
Life of 7000
New to Walsall Garage January 1979
Transferred to Oldbury November 1982
Transferred to Dudley January 1985
Delicensed to Reserve 26.10.1986
Reinstated to Dudley November 1987
Transferred to Perry Barr July 1989
To Selly Oak Reserve February 1997
Reinstated for Last Fleetline day on 01.11.1997 at Washwood Heath Garage
Donated to Aston Manor Transport Museum for Preservation
Last in use October 2007 at Wythall
To J Munro, Wythall for continued preservation June 2019
Restored back to Travel West Midlands Silver/Blur livery
Following 1,800 people, 2,222 followers, 7,007 updates. Just thought it was a nice combination of numerals.
Nandi is the name for the bull which serves as the mount (Sanskrit: Vahana) of the god Shiva and as the gatekeeper of Shiva and Parvati. In Hindu Religion, he is the chief guru of eighteen masters (18 Siddhar ) including Patanjali and Thirumular. Temples venerating Shiva display stone images of a seated Nandi, generally facing the main shrine. There are also a number of temples dedicated solely to Nandi.
The application of the name Nandi to the bull (Sanskrit: vṛṣabha) is in fact a development of recent centuries, as Gouriswar Bhattacharya has documented in an illustrated article entitled "Nandin and Vṛṣabha". The name Nandi was earlier widely used instead for an anthropomorphic deity who was one of Shiva’s two door-keepers, the other being Mahākāla. The doorways of pre-tenth-century North Indian temples are frequently flanked by images of Mahākāla and Nandi, and it is in this role of Shiva’s watchman that Nandi figures in Kālidāsa’s poem the Kumārasambhava.
ETYMOLOGY
The word “Nandi” is derived from the ancient Indian Language of Sanskrit. The Sanskrit word 'Nandi' in English translates as Happy, Joyous or Happy Person.
BIRTH OF NANDI
There was a sage named Shilada who underwent severe penance to have a boon — a child with immortality. Lord Indra pleased of the austerities of Shilada appeared in front of him to offer a boon. After hearing the request of Shilada and his desire to have an immortal child, Lord Indra suggested he pray to Lord Shiva: nobody else could provide such a boon. Sage Shilada continued his penance for 1,000 years. He was totally immovable for many years, so the termites settled on his body and slowly started to build up their nest. Finally, his whole body was covered up by them. The insects started to eat his flesh and imbibed his blood. At last, only bones remained.
Lord Shiva appeared in front of him and provided the boon for the child. Moreover, Lord Shiva provided Sage Shilada his old form with a single touch. Sage Shilada performed Yagna and a child appeared from the sacrificial fire. His body was clad in armour made out of diamonds. The celestial dancers and singers performed on this auspicious occasion and the deities showered flowers on the child. The boy was named ’Nandi’ — who brings joy. Shilada brought the child home. Immediately the boy lost his divine appearance to an ordinary child. The child completely forgot all about his birth. Sage Shilada was worried about the sudden change. He devoted his time for Nandi's upbringing his education etc. By the age of seven, the boy was well versed in Veda and all sacred texts.
One day the deities Mitra and Varuna visited Sage Shilada. At the first sight of the boy, they commented: Though the boy had all auspicious signs, he would have a very short life. He would not live after the age of eight. Sage Shilada was mortified at this remark. Nandi could not bear his father's sorrow; he began to pray to Lord Shiva. Lord Shiva appeared before him and blessed him. Lord Shiva adorned the boy with a necklace and made him immortal. Lord Shiva blessed the child and declared that he would be worshiped along with Him and become his vahana (vehicle). Immediately the boy got all the divine powers and transformed into half bull-half human. He and Shilada went to Lord Shiva's abode to live.
IN HINDUISM
Bulls appear on the Indus Valley seals, including the 'Pasupati Seal', which depicts a seated figure and, according to some scholars, is similar to Shiva. However, most scholars agree that the horned bull on the Indus Valley seals is not identical to Nandi.
DESCRIPTIONS ON NANDI IN HINDU RELIGIOUS TEXTS INCLUDE:
- Some Puranas describe Nandi or Nandikeshvara as bull face with a human body that resembles that of Shiva in proportion and aspect, although with four hands — two hands holding the Parasu (the axe) and Mruga (the antelope) and the other two hands joined together in the Anjali (obeisance). Brahma Vaivarta Purana mentions Krishna himself to have taken the form of a bull as no one else in the Universe can bear Shiva.
- Vehicle of Shiva: The bull Nandi is Shiva's primary vehicle and is the principal gana (follower) of Shiva.
- Gate keeper of Shiva's abode: The close association of Shiva and Nandi explains the presence of a statue of Nandi at the gate of many temples dedicated to Shiva. It also explains why the word "nandi" in the Tamil, Kannada and Telugu languages is used as a metaphor for a person blocking the way.[citation needed] In Sanskrit, a bull is called vrisha, which has another connotation — that of righteousness or Dharma. It is important to seek the blessings of Nandi before proceeding to worship Lord Shiva.
- Chief in Shiva's army: Some Puranas mention that Nandi lead the Shiva Ganas, Shiva's attendants.
- A Guru of Saivism: In addition to being his mount, Nandi is Shiva's foremost disciple. In the Natha/Siddhar tradition, Nandi is one of the primal gurus. He was the guru to Siddhar Thirumulanathar, Patanjalinathar and others.
- From the yogic perspective, Nandi/Nandhi/Nandikeshvara is the mind dedicated to Lord Siva, the Absolute. In other words, to understand and absorb Light, the 'experience and the wisdom' is Nandi which is the Guru within.
- Spiritually, Nandi represents an individual jiva (soul) and the message that the jiva should always be focused on the Atman (Paramatman).
LEGENDS
According to some puranas, Nandi was born to sage Shilada who got him by the grace of Shiva.
It was Nandi who cursed Ravana (the demon King of Lanka) that his kingdom would be burnt by a monkey (Vanara). And later Hanuman burnt Lanka when he went in search of Sita, who was kept prisoner by Ravana in Ashok Vatika.
In one puranic story, it is stated that once Siva and Parvathi were playing a game of dice. For any game there has to be an umpire, who has to declare who is the winner. Siva and Parvathi agreed to have Nandi (the divine bull) as the umpire. Nandi is a favorite of Siva, as he is Siva's vehicle. Although Siva lost the game, Nandi declared him the winner. It is stated that Parvathi was indignant over Nandi's partiality for Siva and cursed him that he should die from an incurable disease. Thereupon Nandi fell at the feet of Parvathi and pleaded for forgiveness. "Mother forgive me. Should I not show at least this amount of gratitude to one who is my master? Is it not humiliating for me to declare that my master has lost the game? To uphold his honor I no doubt uttered a lie. But am I to be punished with such severity for so small an offence?" Nandi prayed for forgiveness in this manner. Parvathi forgave Nandi and taught him the means to atone for his lapse. She told him. "The Chaturdasi day in the month of Bhadrapada is the day when my son's birthday is celebrated. On that day you have to offer to my son what pleases you most (green grass)". This means that one atones for one's sins when one offers to the Lord what is most pleasing and enjoyable to him. For Nandi the most enjoyable and relishing food is green grass. As directed by Parvathi Nandi worshipped Ganapathi by offering green grass. Nandi was then relieved of his dreaded disease. His health improved and by the grace of Parvathi he was redeemed.
When the positive forces, the devas, and the negative forces, the asuras, joined together on a rare occasion to churn the ocean with a mountain to obtain the nectar of immortality they utilized Vasuki, the serpent, as the rope. The devas pulled from one end and the asuras from the other. Lots of precious herbs and gems were produced during the Churning and one of them was a poison (halāhala) which became human karma. This "poison" was so dangerous that none of the devas or asuras wanted to go near it. It was extremely sticky and coming into contact with this poison, i.e., human karma, would drag the divinity down to the realms of human suffering and ego. As everyone else ran away, Lord Siva, followed by Nandi, came forward to help as he was the only one who could counteract this deadly poison. Siva took the poison into his hand and drank it, the descent of the poison was in turn stopped at His throat, by His divine consort. Siva is therefore also known as Nīlakaṇṭha (the blue-throated one) and Viṣakaṇṭha (the poison-throated one). Nandi saw some of the poison spill out of Siva's mouth and immediately drank if off the ground. The devas and asuras watching were shocked and wondered aloud what would happen to Nandi. Lord Siva calmed their fears saying, "Nandi has surrendered into me so completely that he has all my powers and my protection".
LARGEST NANDIS IN INDIA
1. Lepakshi, Andhra Pradesh
2. Brahadishwara Temple, Tamil Nadu
4. Bull Temple, Bangalore, Karnataka
5. Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu
6. Hoysaleswara Temple, Halebidu, Karnataka
7. Shanthaleswara Temple, Halebidu, Karnataka
8. Vadakkunnathan Temple, Thrissur, Kerala
9. Virupaksha Temple, Hampi, Karnataka
10. Nandi Temple, Western Group of Temples, Khajuraho,
Madhya Pradesh
11. Kedareshvara Temple at Balligavi (Karnataka)
12. Doddabasaveshvara temple, Kurugodu Bellary dist
MISCELLANEOUS
The white color of the bull symbolizes purity and justice.
Women visit images of Nandi, bringing floral offerings, and touch the stone. Their prayers are for fertility. Additionally, it is also considered a custom among some to whisper the fact of their visit, to that shrine, while requesting the faithful attendant to inform his master of the same.
WIKIPEDIA
Last Francisco Lachowski Instagram update: "💥💥💥 1 million followers💥💥💥 I wanted to thank from the bottom of my heart all my followers and especially my fans that have been with me since I'm 17 years old. Since I started my career lots of amazing things happened in my life and I'm grateful to have the support from all of my followers. Thank you! ❤️❤💥💥️ 1 milhão de seguidores💥💥 Eu quero agradecer do fundo do meu coração todos os meu seguidores e especialmente meus fãs que estiveram comigo desde os meus 17 anos. Desde que comecei minha carreira muitas coisas maravilhosas aconteceram em minha vida e sou muito grato pelo suporte de todos os meus seguidores. Muito Obrigado!!! ❤️❤️ "
Regular followers of my ramblings here may remember Olympe from her wonderful art exhibition some time ago, and her work at the Louvre. Since then, we've all become closer friends, and I'm proud to say that Olympe is now my SL auntie. Alex and I went to meet up outside the Galerie des Machines, to chat and stroke the little birds.
My pink dress is the Mimi group gift from Styles by Danielle.
Follower of Bernard Palissy, platter, last quarter of the 16th century, lead-glazed earthenware, 52.1 x 39.7 x 7.1 cm (The Metropolitan Museum of Art)
II Małopolskie Dni Dziedzictwa Kulturowego, 23-24 września 2000 r.
Na wzgórzu, nad brzegiem Dunajca położony jest Czchów – kiedyś znaczne miasto, obecnie miejscowość letniskowa. Znany z dokumentów pod nazwą Schov, rozwijał się od przełomu XII i XIII w. dzięki biegnącemu tędy traktowi węgierskiemu. Miasto lokowane było na prawie średzkim w 1333 r. i przeniesione przez Kazimierza Wielkiego na prawo magdeburskie w 1355 r. W XVI w. Czchów zasłynął dzięki Franciszkowi Lismaninowi, franciszkaninowi i spowiednikowi królowej Bony, który zagarnął bogate probostwo czchowskie i został zwolennikiem reformacji. Czchów podupadł w czasie najazdu szwedzkiego i rozbiorów, a ostatecznie utracił prawa miejskie w 1930 r. Niedługo potem, w wyniku budowy zapory na Dunajcu (1938-1949) powstało Jezioro Czchowskie.
Przy jednej z narożnych uliczek wychodzących z czchowskiego rynku wznosi się kościół parafialny pw. Narodzenia Najświętszej Panny Marii. Tę kamienną, jednonawową świątynię zbudowano ok. 1346 r., powiększono w 1430 r., a w wieku XIX rozebrano wieżę, na jej miejscu wznosząc neogotycką fasadę. Każdy wiek i każdy styl zostawiły tutaj po sobie trwały ślad. W przyziemiu kościoła znajdują się romańskie relikty, a na ścianach sklepionego krzyżowo- -żebrowo prezbiterium XIV-wieczne malowane sceny z życia Marii i Chrystusa. Renesansowe są nagrobki przypisywane Hieronimowi Canavesiemu, obraz Matki Bożej z Dzieciątkiem z ołtarza głównego powstał w XVII w., a neogotyckie ołtarze boczne na początku XX stulecia.
Nieopodal miasta, na wzgórzu zwanym Basztą, między XIII a XIV w. zbudowano warowny zamek ochraniający komorę celną nad Dunajcem. Pierwsza wzmianka o nim pochodzi dopiero z 1356 r. Później, w wiekach XVI i XVII, zamkiem dysponował sąd czchowski, który ulokował tutaj więzienie. Od XVIII w. budowla pozostawała w ruinie, dopiero w latach 90. XX w. przeprowadzono badania i prace archeologiczne oraz konserwatorskie. Dzięki nim wiadomo, jak wyglądała warownia. Jej głównym akcentem jest murowana z kamiennych ciosów, okrągła wieża o wysokości ok. dwudziestu ośmiu metrów, włączona w biegnący krawędzią wzgórza mur obwodowy. Wewnątrz zbudowanego z kamiennych ciosów muru pozostały widoczne ślady prostokątnego budynku i przylegającej doń sieni. W zamku urządzono niewielką ekspozycję archeologiczną oraz taras widokowy.
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Czchów
Castle and Church
Upon the hill on the banks of the Dunajec river lies Czchów – once an important city, and today a quiet holiday resort. Known in written records as Schov, it had been developing since the turn of the 12th and 13th centuries thanks to the Hungarian route that passed through it. The town was chartered on the power of Środa Law in 1333, and transferred to Magdeburg law in 1355 by Casimir the Great. In the 16th century Czchów became famous thanks to Franciszek Lismanin, a Franciscan friar and confessor to Queen Bona. Lismanin appropriated the rich Czchów parish and became a follower of the reformation. Czchów saw a period of gradual decline during the Swedish attacks and the Partitions of Poland, and finally lost its town status in 1930. Soon, the construction of the dam across the Dunajec (1938-1949) resulted in the construction of the Czchowskie Reservoir.
In one of the streets starting at the corner of the square stands the parish church of Virgin Mary’s Birth. This stone, one-nave temple was built around 1346, extended in 1430, and in the 19th century its tower was dismantled and replaced with a neo-Gothic façade. Each century, and every style, left their mark here. In the ground level of the church, Romanesque relics are found. In the walls of the cross-rib vaulted chancel 14th-century scenes from the life of Mary and Christ were painted, and the Renaissance tombstones are attributed to Hieronimus Canavesi. The painting of Madonna with Child in the main altar dates back to the 17th century, while the neo-Gothic side altars were made in the early 1900s.
Not far from the town, in a hill called Baszta, a fortified castle was built in the 13th and 14th centuries, protecting the duty collection point by the Dunajec river. The castle was first mentioned in writing as late as 1356. Later, in the 16th and 17th centuries, the castle was used by the Czchów municipal court, and a prison was placed in it. Since the 18th century the building had laid in ruin – until the 1990s, when archaeological work and conservation research were conducted. Thanks to this work we know what the fortress must have looked like. Its dominant element was a round stone tower, approximately 28 metres tall, incorporated into the outer wall that followed the hill’s ridge. Inside the wall, built with blocks of stone, we can see traces of a rectangular building, with an adjoining entrance hall. A viewing platform was recently built and a small archaeological exhibition created inside.
Kushinagar, Kusinagar or Kusinara is a town and a Nagar Panchayat in Kushinagar district of Indian state of Uttar Pradesh located around NH-28, being 52 km east to Gorakhpur city. It is an important Buddhist pilgrimage site, where Buddhists believe Gautama Buddha attained Parinirvana after his death. Outside India, it is an International Buddhist Pilgrimage Centre. The followers of the Buddhism, especially from Asian Countries, wish to visit this place at least once in their lifetime.
ETHYMOLOGY
According to one theory, Kushwati was capital of Kosala Kingdom and according to Ramayana it was built by King Kush, son of Rama, protagonist of the epic Ramayana. While according to Buddhist tradition Kushawati was named prior to the king Kush. The naming of Kushwati is believed to be due to abundance of Kush grass found in this region.
DEMOGRAPHICS
As of 2011 India census, Kushinagar had a population of 22,214, with 3462 households. Males constitute 52% (11,502 Men) of the population and females 48% (10,712 Women). Kushinagar has an average literacy rate of 78.43%, higher than the national average of 74%, male literacy is 85%, and female literacy is 72%. In Kushinagar, 11% of the population is under 10 years of age. Schedule Caste (SC) constitutes 5.03% while Schedule Tribe (ST) were 2.39% of total population in Kushinagar Nagar Panchayat.
HISTORY
The present Kushinagar is identified with Kushawati( in pre-Buddha period ) and Kushinara (in Buddha period). Kushinara was the capital of Mallas which was one of the sixteen mahajanpads of the 6th Century B.C. Since then, it remained an integral part of the erstwhile empires of Maurya, Shunga, Kushana, Gupta and Harsha dynasties.
In medieval period, Kushinagar had passed under the suzerainty of Kultury Kings. Kushinara continued to be a living city till the 12th Century A.D. and was thereafter lost into oblivion. Padrauna is believed to be ruled over by a Rajput adventurer, Madan Singh in the 15th century A.D.
However, modern Kushinagar came into prominence in the 19th Century with archeological excavations carried out by Alexander Cunningham, the first Archeological Surveyor of India and later followed by C.L. Carlleyle who exposed the main stupa and also discovered a 6.10 meters long statue of reclining Buddha, in 1876 A.D. Chandra Swami, a Burmeses Monk, came to India in 1903 and made "Mahaparinirvana Temple" into a living shrine.
After independence, Kushinagar remained the part of district Deoria. On 13 May 1994, it came into being as a new district of Uttar Pradesh.
GEOGRAPHY
Kushinagar is situated at 53 km east from Gorakhpur on the National Highway -28, lies between latitude 26° 45´ N and 83° 24´ E. Gorakhpur is the main railway terminus for Kushinagar while air strip of U.P. Civil Aviation is available in Kasia, 5 km. from Kushinagar.
TOURISM
PARINIRVANA STUPA
The reclining Nirvana statue of the Buddha is inside the Parinirvana Stupa. Statue is 6.10 metres long and is made of monolith red - sand stone. It represents the "Dieing - Buddha" reclining on his right side with his face towards the west. It is placed on a large brick-pedestal with stone-posts at the corners.
NIRVANA CHAITYA (MAIN STUPA)
Nirvana Chaitya is located just behind the Main Parinirvana Temple. It was excavated by Carlleyle in the year 1876. During excavations, a copper-plate was found, which contained the text of the "Nidana-Sutra" which concluded the statement that plate had been deposited in the "Nirvana-Chaitya" by one Haribala, who also installed the great Nirvana Statue of Buddha in the temple front.
RAMABHAR STUPA
Ramabhar Stupa, also called a Mukutbandhan-Chaitya, is the cremation-place of Buddha. This Site is 1.5 km east of the main Nirvana Temple on the Kushinagar-Deoria road.
MATHA KUAR SHRINE
A Colossal statue of Lord Buddha is installed, which is carved out of one block which represents Buddha seated under the "Bodhi Tree" in a pose known as " Bhumi Sparsh Mudra " (Earth touching attitude). The inscription at the base of statue is datable to the 10th or 11th Century A.D.
OTHER MAJOR PLACES
Indo-Japan-Srilanka Temple: Indo-Japan-Srilanka temple is a marvel of Buddhist architectural grandeur of modern times.
Wat Thai Temple: It is a huge complex built in a typical Thai-Buddhist architectural fashion.
Ruins & Brick Structures: These are located around the main Nirvana Temple and Main Stupa. These are the remains of various monasteries of different sizes constructed from time to time in the ancient period.
Several museums, meditation parks and several other temples based on architecture of various eastern countries.
GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS
Kushinagar comes under Kushi Nagar (Lok Sabha constituency) for Indian general elections. Current Member of Parliament from this constituency is Rajesh Pandey of Bharatiya Janata Party who defeated R. P. N. Singh of Indian National Congress in Indian general elections, 2014.
Current Member of legislative assembly (MLA) from Kushinagar Assembly constituency is Brahma Shankar Tripathi of Samajwadi Party who is also minister in Government of Uttar Pradesh.
Following are some initiatives by district administration:
1. The Buddha Relic Distribution Site has been added as a new pilgrim spot on the Kushinagar Tourist Map. The site is located in Village Anirudhawa, at a walking distance from the main Mahaparinirvana Temple and 50 meters, right behind the Thai Temple.
2. The Buddha Ghat was constructed on the banks of the river Hiranyavati - Buddha was cremated on its bank - right behind the Ramabhar Stupa. It is said that Buddha's body wa's given the last bath in this river.
3. Work also started on The Buddha's Last Meal site at Pavanagar, village Satheeau, Fazilnagar, about 20 km before Kushinagar while approaching from Bihar. This is the spot where as per the Mahaparinirvana Suttra, Chunda the goldsmith offered Sukar-maddava, eating which the lord became sick.
4. Work also started at the Kakuttha River, Buddha took his last bath in this river. This is on the Main National Highway 28 at a bridge while approaching Kushinagar from Bihar after the Buddha's Last Meal site.
5. Pampor Stupa. A new Buddhist site was excavated at Village Pampor. The excavation revealed the remains of an old Buddhist Stupa. Rahul Sanskrityan the legendary Buddhist scholar from India is said to have identified Pampor as the famed Pava Kingdom of ancient India. Some decorated bricks were discovered from the site which has been handed over to the local museum at Kushinagar.
WIKIPEDIA
Tesla, maker of high-end electrified automobiles, based in California, is going through a bit of a tough patch at present (October 2018). But for the past ten years, the company's fortunes have only ever looked up.
Some of this was smoke and mirrors - the company is worth more than the Ford Motor Company, despite never having made a profit. The rollout of engineered products though, shows that real progress has been made in creating an electric vehicle consumer product that the customer was willing to pay considerable amounts of money to own.
There was, of course, the original Tesla Roadster (a much modified Lotus), but the real product that catapulted the company to prominence was the Model S, launched in 2012, and now in its sixth year.
The Model S is now the best-selling luxury car in the US.
The car is large, nearly 5.0 m long (196 in), with a long wheelbase, allowing for the package of the large battery. For context, the battery makes up 800 kg or so of the vehicle's 2,250 kg weight. The lightest model S weighed in at 1,961 kg, the P60, with a 60 kw.h battery pack, and reduced range.
Incidentally, the number in the model description represents the battery storage capacity. The largest battery providing energy to the P100D - 100 kW.h, yielding a driving range of approximately 500 km.
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The Tesla Model S also meets LUGNuts' 104th Build Challenge theme, - "The Science of it All", - for vehicles with science-based names.
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In May 2023 a video appeared on social media showing journalist Imran Riaz Khan, with some three million followers on Youtube, being led out of Pakistan's Sialkot International Airport by police officers.
Writing as of 15 August 2023, he hasn't been heard of or seen since then. The police claim they have no knowledge of his whereabouts.
The day before he was detained at the airport, police had raided his house in Lahore, and, according to his brother, on the day of his detention and subsequent disappearance he had planned to flee Pakistan for Oman.
www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/5/23/journalist-imran-riaz-kh...
Hundreds of people took to the streets of central London on Sunday to protest against the US backed removal from office and arrest of former PM Imran Khan for his refusal to bend to Western pressure to cut off ties with Moscow.
On 10 April 2022, Khan was forced to step down as prime minister after he lost a no-confidence motion backed by Pakistan's military, and on 5 August 2023 he was sentenced to three years in prison on corruption charges.
As the Intercept reported four days prior to the protest, a classified Pakistani government document leaked to the news agency, confirmed previous suspicions that 'The US State Department encouraged the Pakistani government in a March 7 2022 meeting to remove Imran Khan as prime minister over his neutrality on the Russian invasion of Ukraine.' Washington was also not happy when Imran Khan had led vocal opposition to the American use of drones over Pakistan, which he argued was fermenting radicalisation.
'Encouraged' is perhaps a generously polite term to describe the advice given by a senior State Department Official to Asad Majeed Khan, the Pakistani Ambassador -
'If the no-confidence vote against the Prime Minister (Imran Khan) succeeds, all will be forgiven in Washington because the Russia visit is being looked at as a decision by the Prime Minister. Otherwise, I think it will be tough going ahead.'
That was a clear threat of economic and political isolation and the cutting off of Washington’s significant amounts of aid to the country.
On 13 August 2023, infuriated by the role of the military and Washington in toppling Khan, hundreds of protesters in London, led by student Shayan Ali, marched from Trafalgar Square to Avenfield House just off Park Lane, where Pakistan’s former prime minister and bitter rival Nawaz Sharif allegedly has a multimillion pound home.
The Daily Mail reported in April 2022 that ‘Avenfield is where Pakistan’s super-rich former prime minister, Nawaz Sharif, has lived when in London since 1992, knocking four luxury flats together to make a single mansion, now worth at least £7 million.’
www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-10705387/Hundreds-Imran-...
Protesters were also worried by the UK’s continued support of Pakistan and its willing collusion with Pakistan’s political and business elite. Over the last forty years, London seems to have become a prime location for their wealth.
As the Guardian’s Jasper Jolly pointed out in June 2023
‘The chaos in Pakistan also raises serious questions for the UK itself. Khan’s arrest and the turmoil of the past decade in Pakistani politics are deeply entangled with the movement of money between Islamabad and London and Britain’s awkward status as haven for political elites and their fortunes.’
www.theguardian.com/business/2023/jun/03/why-two-luxury-l...
In 2016, the Panama Papers revealed that Sharif’s children were, according to the International Consortium of INvestigative Journalists, ‘linked to offshore companies that owned four flats in a luxury apartment block in London.’
www.icij.org/investigations/panama-papers/former-pakistan...
Forbes has noted that at the time the flats were purchased in the mid 1990s, 'the children were minors and the purchase is assumed to have been made by Sharif,' and reported Bisnow's estimate that (at the time of the article's publication in 2017) that they would probably be worth about £8 million.
www.forbes.com/sites/bisnow/2017/08/01/the-london-propert...
Despite the coup and the deteriorating human rights situation in Pakistan, the United Kingdom continues to actively support the country’s military and security forces. According to journalists Matt Kennard and Mark Curtis, ‘Britain has long trained Pakistan’s military intelligence establishment,’ and that ‘MI5 and MI6 train senior Pakistani intelligence officers at a British army base north of London.’
They note that in 2009, the British parliament’s Foreign Affairs Committee, stated it was ‘very concerned by allegations that the nature of the relationship UK officials have with the ISI (Pakistani Inter-Services Intelligence) ay have led them to be complicit in torture.’
declassifieduk.org/britain-supported-pakistan-as-it-helpe...
The UK also has a long history of supplying Pakistan's military with aircraft, helicopters and vast quantities of arms and ammunition and, despite the coup, there is no sign of that relationship ending.
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