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The Big Five: Elephants. Kruger Park. South Africa. Oct/2018
Elephants are large mammals of the family Elephantidae and the order Proboscidea. Three species are currently recognised: the African bush elephant (Loxodonta africana), the African forest elephant (L. cyclotis), and the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus). Elephants are scattered throughout sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, and Southeast Asia. Elephantidae is the only surviving family of the order Proboscidea; other, now extinct, members of the order include deinotheres, gomphotheres, mammoths, and mastodons.
All elephants have several distinctive features, the most notable of which is a long trunk (also called a proboscis), used for many purposes, particularly breathing, lifting water, and grasping objects. Their incisors grow into tusks, which can serve as weapons and as tools for moving objects and digging. Elephants' large ear flaps help to control their body temperature. Their pillar-like legs can carry their great weight. African elephants have larger ears and concave backs while Asian elephants have smaller ears and convex or level backs.
Elephants are herbivorous and can be found in different habitats including savannahs, forests, deserts, and marshes. They prefer to stay near water. They are considered to be a keystone species due to their impact on their environments. Other animals tend to keep their distance from elephants while predators, such as lions, tigers, hyenas, and any wild dogs, usually target only young elephants (or "calves"). Elephants have a fission–fusion society in which multiple family groups come together to socialise. Females ("cows") tend to live in family groups, which can consist of one female with her calves or several related females with offspring. The groups are led by an individual known as the matriarch, often the oldest cow.
Males ("bulls") leave their family groups when they reach puberty and may live alone or with other males. Adult bulls mostly interact with family groups when looking for a mate and enter a state of increased testosterone and aggression known as musth, which helps them gain dominance and reproductive success. Calves are the centre of attention in their family groups and rely on their mothers for as long as three years. Elephants can live up to 70 years in the wild. They communicate by touch, sight, smell, and sound; elephants use infrasound, and seismic communication over long distances. Elephant intelligence has been compared with that of primates and cetaceans. They appear to have self-awareness and show empathyfor dying or dead individuals of their kind.
Kruger National Park is one of the largest game reserves in Africa. It covers an area of around 20,000 square kilometres in the provinces of Limpopo and Mpumalanga in northeastern South Africa, and extends 360 kilometres (220 mi) from north to south and 65 kilometres (40 mi) from east to west.
Source: Wikipedia
Os elefantes são animais herbívoros, alimentando-se de ervas, gramíneas, frutas e folhas de árvores. Dado o seu tamanho, um elefante adulto pode ingerir entre 70 a 150 kg de alimentos por dia. As fêmeas vivem em manadas de 10 a 15 animais, lideradas por uma matriarca, compostas por várias reprodutoras e crias de variadas idades. O período de gestação das fêmeas é longo (20 a 22 meses), assim como o desenvolvimento do animal que leva anos a atingir a idade adulta. Os filhotes podem nascer com 90 kg. Os machos adolescentes tendem a viver em pequenos bandos e os machos adultos isolados, encontrando-se com as fêmeas apenas no período reprodutivo.
Devido ao seu porte, os elefantes têm poucos predadores. Exercem uma forte influência sobre as savanas, pois mantêm árvores e arbustos sob controle, permitindo que pastagens dominem o ambiente. Eles vivem cerca de 60 anos e morrem quando seus molares caem, impedindo que se alimentem de plantas.
Os elefantes-africanos são maiores que as variedades asiáticas e têm orelhas mais desenvolvidas, uma adaptação que permite libertar calor em condições de altas temperaturas. Outra diferença importante é a ausência de presas de marfim nas fêmeas dos elefantes asiáticos.
Durante a época de acasalamento, o aumento da produção de testosterona deixa os elefantes extremamente agressivos, fazendo-os atacar até humanos. Acidentes com elefantes utilizados em rituais geralmente são causados por esse motivo. Cerca de 400 humanos são mortos por elefantes a cada ano.
Elefante é o termo genérico e popular pelo qual são denominados os membros da família Elephantidae, um grupo de mamíferos proboscídeoselefantídeos, de grande porte, do qual há três espécies no mundo atual, duas africanas (Loxodonta sp.) e uma asiática (Elephas sp.). Há ainda os mamutes (Mammuthus sp.), hoje extintos. Até recentemente, acreditava-se que havia apenas duas espécies vivas de elefantes, o elefante-africano e o elefante-asiático, uma espécie menor. Entretanto, estudos recentes de DNA sugerem que havia, na verdade, duas espécies de elefante-africano: Loxodonta africana, da savana, e Loxodonta cyclotis, que vive nas florestas. Os elefantes são os maiores animais terrestres da actualidade, com a massa entre 4 a 6 toneladas e medindo em média quatro metros de altura, podem levantar até 10.000 kg. As suas características mais distintivas são as presas de marfim
O Parque Nacional Kruger é a maior área protegida de fauna bravia da África do Sul, cobrindo cerca de 20 000 km2. Está localizado no nordeste do país, nas províncias de Mpumalanga e Limpopo e tem uma extensão de cerca de 360 km de norte a sul e 65 km de leste a oeste.
Os parques nacionais africanos, nas regiões da savana africana são importantes pelo turismo com safári de observação e fotográfico.
O seu nome foi dado em homenagem a Stephanus Johannes Paul Kruger, último presidente da República Sul-Africana bôere. Foi criado em 31 de Maio de 1926
Fonte: Wikipedia
Festival of the Five Kingdoms - Gala Dinner February 25th, 2017 - Sheraton Society Hill, Philadelphia - Photo by Mike Mountain
The official opening takes place today of the downtown Chilliwack campus at Five Corners.
Rick Collins Photographer - UFV
Five U.S. Department of Agriculture Foreign Agricultural Service employees were sworn in as Foreign Service officers on July 9, 2018 during a ceremony at USDA headquarters in Washington. The new officers will begin their Foreign Service careers serving as agricultural attachés at U.S. embassies and diplomatic missions across the globe.
Five Guys #502 (2,491 square feet)
1430 High Street, Suite 505, Shops at High Street, Williamsburg, VA
Opened March 16th, 2009, renovated in March 2019
Some years ago here in Brazil, Coca-Cola was giving as a remembrance six mini Coke bottles representing the shapes that the original ones took over the years. We only could have one at a time and I never found the last one. =/ From left to right, the bottles represent the years of: 1894, 1900, 1910, 1915 and 1916 until nowadays.
Five sisters? All buried, at the Beechwood Cemetery, with simple headstones marked with their first names and date of death. Ottawa, ON. Canada
Rear tote was broken in half but a clean break and it glued up almost seamlessly. Looks to be Rosewood. My usual finish applied, danish oil on the wood and paste wax on everything..
We had over 900 children pass through our booth to sample lessons on the ZEduPad, pop balloons to win various prizes and enter into a colouring and writing competition when one seven year old won herself a ZEduPad tablet worth K1,200 (about $200).
#iSchool.zm has created the #ZEduPad to help deliver international standard education to children in Zambia and Africa.
To learn more about our educational tablet please visit www.zedupad.com/. You can also connect with us on the following social networks: www.facebook.com/iSchool.zm, twitter.com/iSchoolZambia, www.pinterest.com/ZEduPadTablet/ , instagram.com/ischoolzambia , www.youtube.com/user/iSchoolZambia
Rigaud in Haiti.
Star of Hope has worked in Rigaud over 25 years mainly with education. The work has gradually evolved and deepened.
The earthquake almost five years ago damaged the main building with two floors. During the long and painstaking renovation the kids were fighting in a temporary building. It was a challenge for everyone.
The building nowadays houses the upper grades along with the computer room. The lower grades have a brand new building. The classrooms have been equipped and more.
Every day, hundreds of students to school to learn for the future.
They also get a much needed lunch and have access to clean drinking water and new toilets.
This year the sewing class is also held in Rigaud for about 30 people.
Thanks to all the sponsors who make this possible!
If you would like to know more or to support our cause, visit www.starofhope.us or send e-mail to info@starofhope.us
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© Dennis Thern / Star of Hope