Architect T.W. Parkes designed the Eastlake Victorian style residence for Miss Lillie L Post in 1892. The 5-bedroom, 4-bath house in 4488 sq. ft. is currently (June 2016) on the market listed for sale for $2,595,000 and described in the listing as "the quintessential Victorian originally built in 1892 has been expanded and restored with great attention to every detail in recent years. Fine architectural features include original, restored, or replicated hardware, 9-10 ft. ceilings, expansive wood moldings & trim, original pocket doors, Pine flooring, and many original glass windows. An inviting front porch leads to the entry hall with pocket doors to parlor, sitting room, & formal dining room. The Chef's kitchen includes a 48 Viking range, 48 SubZero refrigerator/freezer, center island, and large breakfast area with built-in buffet. The family room with fireplace leads out to the covered porch, pool, spa, and lush gardens. A library and 3/4 bath complete the lower level. Generous-sized bedrooms including a master bedroom suite are on the 2nd level with a large laundry room. A guest suite with sitting room and 3/4 bath complete the upper level of the home. The grounds include a pool, spa, snail fountain, and gated driveway. Truly reminiscent of an Era Gone By, this very special property depicts the early years of Pasadena.

 

Located at 488 Lockehaven Street in the historic Lower Arroyo Seco neighborhood of Pasadena, Caifornia. Please do not use this image in any media without my permission. © All rights reserved.

A card that features a picture of a female graduate and a diploma in red in the center of the front. Above the depiction, "1955 Commencement Dance" is typed in red. Below the depiction "May 27, 1955 Country Club" is typed in red. The first page of the card is protected by tissue paper and has "Music by Kenny Jall's Band 9:30-12:30" typed in black in the middle. The first page also has "Presented by Leona Wallace, Helen Topolgus, Sharon Wylie" typed in black at the bottom right of the page. The middle of the card is reserved for signatures and has "Autographs" typed in black at the top of the pages. The names "McNeil, Gilmore, Gaston, Moorman" are written in pencil in cursive script on the first "Autograph" page. The last page is also protected by tissue paper and has "Chaperones Mr. and Mrs. Leon Wallace, Dr. and Mrs. James Topolgus, Dr. and Mrs. Charles Wylie" typed in black in the middle of the page. The last page also has "Class Sponsors Mr. A. Pryce Noe, Miss Josephine Spear, Mr. John Schrodt" typed in black below the "Chaperones" list. Finally, there is a small red pencil attached to the dance card with a red rope. The dance card measures approximately 4in. (length) x 3in. (width) and the string (including the pencil) measures approximately 9.5in. The dance card is in fair condition. There is fading on the rope that the pencil is attached to and the top of the rope is frayed. There is also an approximately 3in. brown stain on the front of the card. The words typed on the last page of the card have bled through on to the second "Autograph" page. Transferred from the DeVonne McNeil Papers. Mss. 2011.594.03

 

Special Collections Research Center (SCRC) staff and student assistants are working on a project to rehouse and improve the description of artifacts in the SCRC's collections. See scdb.swem.wm.edu/index.php?p=collections/controlcard&... for more information about items in SCRC's Manuscripts Artifact Collection.

 

From the collections of the Special Collections Research Center, Earl Gregg Swem Library at the College of William and Mary.

The geothermal areas of Yellowstone include several geyser basins in Yellowstone National Park as well as other geothermal features such as hot springs, mud pots, and fumaroles. The number of thermal features in Yellowstone is estimated at 10,000. A study that was completed in 2011 found that a total of 1,283 geysers have erupted in Yellowstone, 465 of which are active during an average year. These are distributed among nine geyser basins, with a few geysers found in smaller thermal areas throughout the Park. The number of geysers in each geyser basin are as follows: Upper Geyser Basin (410), Midway Geyser Basin (59), Lower Geyser Basin (283), Norris Geyser Basin (193), West Thumb Geyser Basin (84), Gibbon Geyser Basin (24), Lone Star Geyser Basin (21), Shoshone Geyser Basin (107), Heart Lake Geyser Basin (69), other areas (33). Although famous large geysers like Old Faithful are part of the total, most of Yellowstone's geysers are small, erupting to only a foot or two. The hydrothermal system that supplies the geysers with hot water sits within an ancient active caldera. Many of the thermal features in Yellowstone build up sinter, geyserite, or travertine deposits around and within them.

 

The various geyser basins are located where rainwater and snowmelt can percolate into the ground, get indirectly superheated by the underlying Yellowstone hotspot, and then erupt at the surface as geysers, hot springs, and fumaroles. Thus flat-bottomed valleys between ancient lava flows and glacial moraines are where most of the large geothermal areas are located. Smaller geothermal areas can be found where fault lines reach the surface, in places along the circular fracture zone around the caldera, and at the base of slopes that collect excess groundwater. Due to the Yellowstone Plateau's high elevation the average boiling temperature at Yellowstone's geyser basins is 199 °F (93 °C). When properly confined and close to the surface it can periodically release some of the built-up pressure in eruptions of hot water and steam that can reach up to 390 feet (120 m) into the air (see Steamboat Geyser, the world's tallest geyser). Water erupting from Yellowstone's geysers is superheated above that boiling point to an average of 204 °F (95.5 °C) as it leaves the vent. The water cools significantly while airborne and is no longer scalding hot by the time it strikes the ground, nearby boardwalks, or even spectators. Because of the high temperatures of the water in the features it is important that spectators remain on the boardwalks and designated trails. Several deaths have occurred in the park as a result of falls into hot springs.

 

Prehistoric Native American artifacts have been found at Mammoth Hot Springs and other geothermal areas in Yellowstone. Some accounts state that the early people used hot water from the geothermal features for bathing and cooking. In the 19th century Father Pierre-Jean De Smet reported that natives he interviewed thought that geyser eruptions were "the result of combat between the infernal spirits". The Lewis and Clark Expedition traveled north of the Yellowstone area in 1806. Local natives that they came upon seldom dared to enter what we now know is the caldera because of frequent loud noises that sounded like thunder and the belief that the spirits that possessed the area did not like human intrusion into their realm. The first white man known to travel into the caldera and see the geothermal features was John Colter, who had left the Lewis and Clark Expedition. He described what he saw as "hot spring brimstone". Beaver trapper Joseph Meek recounted in 1830 that the steam rising from the various geyser basins reminded him of smoke coming from industrial smokestacks on a cold winter morning in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. In the 1850s famed trapper Jim Bridger called it "the place where Hell bubbled up".

 

The heat that drives geothermal activity in the Yellowstone area comes from brine (salty water) that is 1.5–3 miles (7,900–15,800 ft; 2,400–4,800 m) below the surface. This is actually below the solid volcanic rock and sediment that extends to a depth of 3,000 to 6,000 feet (900 to 1,800 m) and is inside the hot but mostly solid part of the pluton that contains Yellowstone's magma chamber. At that depth the brine is superheated to temperatures that exceed 400 °F (204 °C) but is able to remain a liquid because it is under great pressure (like a huge pressure cooker).

 

Convection of the churning brine and conduction from surrounding rock transfers heat to an overlaying layer of fresh groundwater. Movement of the two liquids is facilitated by the highly fractured and porous nature of the rocks under the Yellowstone Plateau. Some silica is dissolved from the fractured rhyolite into the hot water as it travels through the fractured rock. Part of this hard mineral is later redeposited on the walls of the cracks and fissures to make a nearly pressure-tight system. Silica precipitates at the surface to form either geyserite or sinter, creating the massive geyser cones, the scalloped edges of hot springs, and the seemingly barren landscape of geyser basins.

 

There are at least five types of geothermal features found at Yellowstone:

 

Fumaroles: Fumaroles, or steam vents, are the hottest hydrothermal features in the park. They have so little water that it all flashes into steam before reaching the surface. At places like Roaring Mountain, the result is loud hissing of steam and gases.

Geysers: Geysers such as Old Faithful are a type of geothermal feature that periodically erupt scalding hot water. Increased pressure exerted by the enormous weight of the overlying rock and water prevents deeper water from boiling. As the hot water rises it is under less pressure and steam bubbles form. They, in turn, expand on their ascent until the bubbles are too big and numerous to pass freely through constrictions. At a critical point the confined bubbles actually lift the water above, causing the geyser to splash or overflow. This decreases the pressure of the system and violent boiling results. Large quantities of water flash into tremendous amounts of steam that force a jet of water out of the vent: an eruption begins. Water (and heat) is expelled faster than the geyser's recharge rate, gradually decreasing the system's pressure and eventually ending the eruption.

Hot springs: Hot springs such as Grand Prismatic Spring are the most common hydrothermal features in the park. Their plumbing has no constrictions. Superheated water cools as it reaches the surface, sinks, and is replaced by hotter water from below. This circulation, called convection, prevents water from reaching the temperature needed to set off an eruption. Many hot springs give rise to streams of heated water.

Mudpots: Mudpots such as Fountain Paint Pots are acidic hot springs with a limited water supply. Some microorganisms use hydrogen sulfide (rotten egg smell), which rises from deep within the earth, as an energy source. They convert the gas into sulfuric acid, which breaks down rock into clay.

Travertine terraces: Travertine terraces, found at Mammoth Hot Springs, are formed from limestone (a rock type made of calcium carbonate). Thermal waters rise through the limestone, carrying high amounts of dissolved carbonate. Carbon dioxide is released at the surface and calcium carbonate deposited as travertine, the chalky white rock of the terraces. These features constantly and quickly change due to the rapid rate of deposition.

Geyser basins

 

The Norris Geyser Basin 44°43′43″N 110°42′16″W is the hottest geyser basin in the park and is located near the northwest edge of Yellowstone Caldera near Norris Junction and on the intersection of three major faults. The Norris-Mammoth Corridor is a fault that runs from Norris north through Mammoth to the Gardiner, Montana, area. The Hebgen Lake fault runs from northwest of West Yellowstone, Montana, to Norris. This fault experienced an earthquake in 1959 that measured 7.4 on the Richter scale (sources vary on exact magnitude between 7.1 and 7.8; see 1959 Hebgen Lake earthquake). Norris Geyser Basin is so hot and dynamic because these two faults intersect with the ring fracture zone that resulted from the creation of the Yellowstone Caldera of 640,000 years ago.

 

The Basin consists of three main areas: Porcelain Basin, Back Basin, and One Hundred Springs Plain. Unlike most of other geyser basins in the park, the waters from Norris are acidic rather than alkaline (for example, Echinus Geyser has a pH of ~3.5). The difference in pH allows for a different class of bacterial thermophiles to live at Norris, creating different color patterns in and around the Norris Basin waters.

 

The Ragged Hills that lie between Back Basin and One Hundred Springs Plain are thermally altered glacial kames. As glaciers receded the underlying thermal features began to express themselves once again, melting remnants of the ice and causing masses of debris to be dumped. These debris piles were then altered by steam and hot water flowing through them. Madison lies within the eroded stream channels cut through lava flows formed after the caldera eruption. The Gibbon Falls lies on the caldera boundary as does Virginia Cascades.

 

Algae on left bacteria on right at the intersection of flows from the Constant & Whirlgig Geysers at Norris Geyser Basin

The tallest active geyser in the world, Steamboat Geyser,[11] is located in Norris Basin. Unlike the slightly smaller but much more famous Old Faithful Geyser located in Upper Geyser Basin, Steamboat has an erratic and lengthy timetable between major eruptions. During major eruptions, which may be separated by intervals of more than a year (the longest recorded span between major eruptions was 50 years), Steamboat erupts over 300 feet (90 m) into the air. Steamboat does not lie dormant between eruptions, instead displaying minor eruptions of approximately 40 feet (12 m).

 

Norris Geyser Basin periodically undergoes a large-scale, basin-wide thermal disturbance lasting a few weeks. Water levels fluctuate, and temperatures, pH, colors, and eruptive patterns change throughout the basin. During a disturbance in 1985, Porkchop Geyser continually jetted steam and water; in 1989, the same geyser apparently clogged with silica and blew up, throwing rocks more than 200 feet (61 m). In 2003 a park ranger observed it bubbling heavily, the first such activity seen since 1991. Activity increased dramatically in mid-2003. Because of high ground temperatures and new features beside the trail much of Back Basin was closed until October. In 2004 the boardwalk was routed around the dangerous area and now leads behind Porkchop Geyser.

 

North of Norris, Roaring Mountain is a large, acidic hydrothermal area (solfatara) with many fumaroles. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the number, size, and power of the fumaroles were much greater than today. The fumaroles are most easily seen in the cooler, low-light conditions of morning and evening.

 

The Gibbon Geyser Basin 44°41′58″N 110°44′34″W includes several thermal areas in the vicinity of the Gibbon River between Gibbon Falls and Norris. The most accessible feature in the basin is Beryl Spring, with a small boardwalk right along the Grand Loop Road. Artists' Paintpots is a small hydrothermal area south of Norris Junction that includes colorful hot springs and two large mudpots.

 

The Monument Geyser Basin 44°41′03″N 110°45′14″W has no active geysers, but its 'monuments' are siliceous sinter deposits similar to the siliceous spires discovered on the floor of Yellowstone Lake. Scientists hypothesize that this basin's structures formed from a hot water system in a glacially dammed lake during the waning stages of the Pinedale Glaciation. The basin is on a ridge reached by a very steep one-mile (1.6 km) trail south of Artists' Paint Pots. Other areas of thermal activity in Gibbon Geyser Basin lie off-trail.

 

South of Norris along the rim of the caldera is the Upper Geyser Basin 44°27′52″N 110°49′45″W, which has the highest concentration of geothermal features in the park. This complement of features includes the most famous geyser in the park, Old Faithful Geyser, as well as four other predictable large geysers. One of these large geysers in the area is Castle Geyser which is about 1,400 feet (430 m) northwest of Old Faithful. Castle Geyser has an interval of approximately 13 hours between major eruptions, but is unpredictable after minor eruptions. The other three predictable geysers are Grand Geyser, Daisy Geyser, and Riverside Geyser. Biscuit Basin and Black Sand Basin are also within the boundaries of Upper Geyser Basin.

 

The hills surrounding Old Faithful and the Upper Geyser Basin are reminders of Quaternary rhyolitic lava flows. These flows, occurring long after the catastrophic eruption of 640,000 years ago, flowed across the landscape like stiff mounds of bread dough due to their high silica content.

 

Evidence of glacial activity is common, and it is one of the keys that allows geysers to exist. Glacier till deposits underlie the geyser basins providing storage areas for the water used in eruptions. Many landforms, such as Porcupine Hills north of Fountain Flats, are made up of glacial gravel and are reminders that 70,000 to 14,000 years ago, this area was buried under ice.

 

Signs of the forces of erosion can be seen everywhere, from runoff channels carved across the sinter in the geyser basins to the drainage created by the Firehole River. Mountain building is evident on the drive south of Old Faithful, toward Craig Pass. Here the Rocky Mountains reach a height of 8,262 feet (2,518 m), dividing the country into two distinct watersheds.

 

Midway Geyser Basin 44°31′04″N 110°49′56″W is much smaller than the other basins found alongside the Firehole River. Despite its small size, it contains two large features, the 200-by-300-foot-wide (60 by 90 m) Excelsior Geyser which pours over 4,000 U.S. gallons (15,000 L; 3,300 imp gal) per minute into the Firehole River. The largest hot spring in Yellowstone, the 370-foot-wide (110 m) and 121-foot-deep (37 m) Grand Prismatic Spring is found here. Also in the basin is Turquoise Pool and Opal Pool.

 

Lower Geyser Basin

Blue spring with steam rising from it; irregular blotches of red and orange residue are on the banks, along with dead tree trunks.

Silex Spring at Fountain Paint Pot

 

Farther north is the Lower Geyser Basin 44°32′58″N 110°50′09″W, which is the largest geyser basin in area, covering approximately 11 square miles. Due to its large size, it has a much less concentrated set of geothermal features, including Fountain Paint Pots. Fountain Paint Pots are mud pots, that is, a hot spring that contains boiling mud instead of water. The mud is produced by a higher acidity in the water which enables the spring to dissolve surrounding minerals to create an opaque, usually grey, mud. Also there is Firehole Spring, Celestine Pool, Leather Pool, Red Spouter, Jelly spring, and a number of fumaroles.

 

Geysers in Lower Geyser Basin include Great Fountain Geyser, whose eruptions reach 100 to 200 feet (30–61 m) in the air, while waves of water cascade down its sinter terraces., the Fountain group of Geysers (Clepsydra Geyser which erupts nearly continuously to heights of 45 feet (14 m), Fountain Geyser, Jelly Geyser, Jet Geyser, Morning Geyser, and Spasm Geyser), the Pink Cone group of geysers (Dilemma Geyser, Labial Geyser, Narcissus Geyser, Pink Geyser, and Pink Cone Geyser), the White Dome group of geysers (Crack Geyser, Gemini Geyser, Pebble Geyser, Rejuvenated Geyser, and White Dome Geyser), as well as Sizzler Geyser.

 

Clepsydra Geyser erupting. July 2019

Fountain Paint Pots

White Dome Geyser

West Thumb Geyser Basin

Several pools of blue water in ashen rock basin.

West Thumb Geyser Basin

Blackened basin with orange streaks; steam is rising from it with fir trees in the background.

Overflow areas of Silex springs

 

The West Thumb Geyser Basin 44°25′07″N 110°34′23″W, including Potts Basin to the north, is the largest geyser basin on the shores of Yellowstone Lake. The heat source of the thermal features in this location is thought to be relatively close to the surface, only 10,000 feet (3,000 m) down. West Thumb is about the same size as another famous volcanic caldera, Crater Lake in Oregon, but much smaller than the great Yellowstone Caldera which last erupted about 640,000 years ago. West Thumb is a caldera within a caldera.

 

West Thumb was created approximately 162,000 years ago when a magma chamber bulged up under the surface of the earth and subsequently cracked it along ring fracture zones. This in turn released the enclosed magma as lava and caused the surface above the emptied magma chamber to collapse. Water later filled the collapsed area of the caldera, forming an extension of Yellowstone Lake. This created the source of heat and water that feed the West Thumb Geyser Basin today.

 

The thermal features at West Thumb are not only found on the lake shore, but extend under the surface of the lake as well. Several underwater hydrothermal features were discovered in the early 1990s and can be seen as slick spots or slight bulges in the summer. During the winter, the underwater thermal features are visible as melt holes in the icy surface of the lake. The surrounding ice can reach three feet (one yard) in thickness.

 

Perhaps the most famous hydrothermal feature at West Thumb is a geyser on the lake shore known as Fishing Cone. Walter Trumbull of the 1870 Washburn-Langford-Doane Expedition described a unique event while a man was fishing adjacent to the cone: "...in swinging a trout ashore, it accidentally got off the hook and fell into the spring. For a moment it darted about with wonderful rapidity, as if seeking an outlet. Then it came to the top, dead, and literally boiled." Fishing Cone erupted frequently to the height of 40 feet (12 m) in 1919 and to lesser heights in 1939. One fisherman was badly burned in Fishing Cone in 1921. Fishing at the geyser is now prohibited.

 

Early visitors would arrive at West Thumb via stagecoach from the Old Faithful area. They had a choice of continuing on the stagecoach or boarding the steamship Zillah to continue the journey by water to Lake Hotel. The boat dock was located near the south end of the geyser basin near Lakeside Spring.

 

Backcountry Geyser Basins

The Heart Lake 44°18′00″N 110°30′56″W, Lone Star 44°24′50″N 110°49′04″W, and Shoshone Geyser Basins 44°21′16″N 110°47′57″W are located away from the road and require at least several miles of hiking to reach. These areas lack the boardwalks and other safety features of the developed areas. As falling into geothermal features can be fatal, it is usually advisable to visit these areas with an experienced guide or at the very least, travelers need to ensure they remain on well-marked trails.

 

The Heart Lake Geyser Basin contains several groups of geysers and deep blue hot springs near Heart Lake in the south-central portion of Yellowstone, southeast of most of the main geyser basins. Lying in the Snake River watershed east of Lewis Lake and south of Yellowstone Lake, Heart Lake was named sometime before 1871 for Hart Hunney, a hunter. Other explorers in the region incorrectly assumed that the lake's name was spelled 'heart' because of its shape. The Heart Lake Geyser Basin begins a couple miles from the lake and descends along Witch Creek to the lakeshore. Five groups of hydrothermal features comprise the basin, and all of them contain geysers, although some are dormant.

 

Between Shoshone Lake and Old Faithful is the Lone Star Geyser Basin, of which the primary feature is Lone Star Geyser, named for its isolation from the nearby geysers of the Upper Geyser Basin. The basin is reachable on foot or bicycle via a 3 mile road that is closed to vehicles.

 

The Shoshone Geyser Basin, reached by hiking or by boat, contains one of the highest concentrations of geysers in the world – more than 80 in an area 1,600 by 800 feet (490 by 240 m). Hot springs and mudpots dot the landscape between the geyser basin and Shoshone Lake.

 

Hot Spring Basin is located 15 miles (24 km) north-northeast of Fishing Bridge and has one of Yellowstone's largest collections of hot springs and fumaroles. The geothermal features there release large amounts of sulfur. This makes water from the springs so acidic that it has dissolved holes in the pants of people who sit on wet ground and causes mounds of sulfur three feet (1 m) high to develop around fumaroles. The very hot acidic water and steam have also created voids in the ground that are only covered by a thin crust.

 

Mammoth Hot Springs is a large complex of hot springs on a hill of travertine in Yellowstone National Park adjacent to Fort Yellowstone and the Mammoth Hot Springs Historic District. It was created over thousands of years as hot water from the spring cooled and deposited calcium carbonate (over two tons flow into Mammoth each day in a solution). Because of the huge amount of geothermal vents, travertine flourishes. Although these springs lie outside the caldera boundary, their energy has been attributed to the same magmatic system that fuels other Yellowstone geothermal areas.

 

The thermal features at Mud Volcano and Sulphur Caldron are primarily mud pots and fumaroles because the area is situated on a perched water system with little water available. Fumaroles or "steam vents" occur when the ground water boils away faster than it can be recharged. Also, the vapors are rich in sulfuric acid that leaches the rock, breaking it down into clay. Because no water washes away the acid or leached rock, it remains as sticky clay to form a mud pot. Hydrogen sulfide gas is present deep in the earth at Mud Volcano and is oxidized to sulfuric acid by microbial activity, which dissolves the surface soils to create pools and cones of clay and mud. Along with hydrogen sulfide, steam, carbon dioxide, and other gases explode through the layers of mud.

 

A series of shallow earthquakes associated with the volcanic activity in Yellowstone struck this area in 1978. Soil temperatures increased to nearly 200 °F (93 °C). The slope between Sizzling Basin and Mud Geyser, once covered with green grass and trees, became a barren landscape of fallen trees known as "the cooking hillside".

 

Yellowstone National Park is a national park located in the western United States, largely in the northwest corner of Wyoming and extending into Montana and Idaho. It was established by the 42nd U.S. Congress with the Yellowstone National Park Protection Act and signed into law by President Ulysses S. Grant on March 1, 1872. Yellowstone was the first national park in the U.S. and is also widely held to be the first national park in the world. The park is known for its wildlife and its many geothermal features, especially the Old Faithful geyser, one of its most popular. While it represents many types of biomes, the subalpine forest is the most abundant. It is part of the South Central Rockies forests ecoregion.

 

While Native Americans have lived in the Yellowstone region for at least 11,000 years, aside from visits by mountain men during the early-to-mid-19th century, organized exploration did not begin until the late 1860s. Management and control of the park originally fell under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Department of the Interior, the first Secretary of the Interior to supervise the park being Columbus Delano. However, the U.S. Army was eventually commissioned to oversee the management of Yellowstone for 30 years between 1886 and 1916. In 1917, the administration of the park was transferred to the National Park Service, which had been created the previous year. Hundreds of structures have been built and are protected for their architectural and historical significance, and researchers have examined more than a thousand archaeological sites.

 

Yellowstone National Park spans an area of 3,468.4 sq mi (8,983 km2), comprising lakes, canyons, rivers, and mountain ranges. Yellowstone Lake is one of the largest high-elevation lakes in North America and is centered over the Yellowstone Caldera, the largest super volcano on the continent. The caldera is considered a dormant volcano. It has erupted with tremendous force several times in the last two million years. Well over half of the world's geysers and hydrothermal features are in Yellowstone, fueled by this ongoing volcanism. Lava flows and rocks from volcanic eruptions cover most of the land area of Yellowstone. The park is the centerpiece of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, the largest remaining nearly intact ecosystem in the Earth's northern temperate zone. In 1978, Yellowstone was named a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

 

Hundreds of species of mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians have been documented, including several that are either endangered or threatened. The vast forests and grasslands also include unique species of plants. Yellowstone Park is the largest and most famous megafauna location in the contiguous United States. Grizzly bears, cougars, wolves, and free-ranging herds of bison and elk live in this park. The Yellowstone Park bison herd is the oldest and largest public bison herd in the United States. Forest fires occur in the park each year; in the large forest fires of 1988, nearly one-third of the park was burnt. Yellowstone has numerous recreational opportunities, including hiking, camping, boating, fishing, and sightseeing. Paved roads provide close access to the major geothermal areas as well as some of the lakes and waterfalls. During the winter, visitors often access the park by way of guided tours that use either snow coaches or snowmobiles.

 

Teton County is a county in the U.S. state of Wyoming. As of the 2020 United States Census, the population was 23,331. Its county seat is Jackson. Its west boundary line is also the Wyoming state boundary shared with Idaho and the southern tip of Montana. Teton County is part of the Jackson, WY-ID Micropolitan Statistical Area.

 

Teton County contains the Jackson Hole ski area, all of Grand Teton National Park, and 40.4% of Yellowstone National Park's total area, including over 96.6% of its water area (largely in Yellowstone Lake).

 

Wyoming is a state in the Mountain West subregion of the Western United States. It borders Montana to the north and northwest, South Dakota and Nebraska to the east, Idaho to the west, Utah to the southwest, and Colorado to the south. With a population of 576,851 in 2020, Wyoming is the least populous state despite being the 10th largest by area, with the second-lowest population density after Alaska. The state capital and most populous city is Cheyenne, which had an estimated population of 63,957 in 2018.

 

Wyoming's western half consists mostly of the ranges and rangelands of the Rocky Mountains; its eastern half consists of high-elevation prairie, and is referred to as the High Plains. Wyoming's climate is semi-arid in some parts and continental in others, making it drier and windier overall than other states, with greater temperature extremes. The federal government owns just under half of Wyoming's land, generally protecting it for public uses. The state ranks sixth in the amount of land—-and fifth in the proportion of its land—-that is owned by the federal government. Its federal lands include two national parks (Grand Teton and Yellowstone), two national recreation areas, two national monuments, and several national forests, as well as historic sites, fish hatcheries, and wildlife refuges.

 

Indigenous peoples inhabited the region for thousands of years. Historic and currently federally recognized tribes include the Arapaho, Crow, Lakota, and Shoshone. Part of the land that is now Wyoming came under American sovereignty via the Louisiana Purchase, part via the Oregon Treaty, and, lastly, via the Mexican Cession. With the opening of the Oregon Trail, the Mormon Trail, and the California Trail, vast numbers of pioneers travelled through parts of the state that had once been traversed mainly by fur trappers, and this spurred the establishment of forts, such as Fort Laramie, that today serve as population centers. The Transcontinental Railroad supplanted the wagon trails in 1867 with a route through southern Wyoming, bringing new settlers and the establishment of founding towns, including the state capital of Cheyenne. On March 27, 1890, Wyoming became the union's 44th state.

 

Farming and ranching, and the attendant range wars, feature prominently in the state's history. Today, Wyoming's economy is largely based on tourism and the extraction of minerals such as coal, natural gas, oil, and trona. Its agricultural commodities include barley, hay, livestock, sugar beets, wheat, and wool.

 

Wyoming was the first state to allow women the right to vote (not counting New Jersey, which had allowed it until 1807), and the right to assume elected office, as well as the first state to elect a female governor. In honor of this part of its history, its most common nickname is "The Equality State" and its official state motto is "Equal Rights". It is among the least religious states in the country, and is known for having a political culture that leans towards libertarian conservatism. The Republican presidential nominee has carried the state in every election since 1968.

A Hallmark ornament based on the Star Trek original series with Scotty, Kirk and Spock. The ornament features lights and sounds of beaming down to a planet and back up to the Enterprise.

Oner of T1 at League of Legends Worlds 2025 Semifinal Features on October 27, 2025 in Shanghai, China. (Photo by David Lee/Riot Games)

Gumayusi of T1 at League of Legends Worlds 2025 Quarterfinal Features on October 27, 2025 in Shanghai, China. (Photo by Colin Young-Wolff/Riot Games)

BUSAN, SOUTH KOREA - MAY 07: Tomas "Aloned" Diaz Valiente of Team Aze poses at the League of Legends - Mid-Season Invitational Features Day on May 7, 2022 in Busan, South Korea. (Photo by Colin Young-Wolff/Riot Games)

Red Rock Canyon State Park features scenic desert cliffs, buttes and spectacular rock formations. The park is located where the southernmost tip of the Sierra Nevada converge with the El Paso Range. Each tributary canyon is unique, with dramatic shapes and vivid colors.

 

Historically, the area was once home to the Kawaiisu Indians, who left petroglyphs in the El Paso mountains and other evidence of their inhabitation. The spectacular gash situated at the western edge of the El Paso mountain range was on the Native American trade route for thousands of years. During the early 1870s, the colorful rock formations in the park served as landmarks for 20-mule team freight wagons that stopped for water. About 1850, it was used by the footsore survivors of the famous Death Valley trek including members of the Arcane and Bennett families along with some of the Illinois Jayhawkers. The park now protects significant paleontology sites and the remains of 1890s-era mining operations, and has been the site for a number of movies.

 

After wet winters, the park's floral displays are stunning. The beauty of the desert, combined with the geologic features make this park a camper's favorite destination. Wildlife you may encounter includes roadrunners, hawks, lizards, mice and squirrels.

 

Home-made toy rabbit family.

They have wire armatures, padded and covered with bits of old cotton stocking, with leather ears and embroidered features. They are nicely dressed in scraps of cotton fabric and I think they probably date from the 1940s.

Features of RUIGE TL-S500HD HD Field monitor:

 

*What you see is what you get: CANON 5D's 3" Screen can only display %85, but RUIGE TL-S500HD realizes FULL Screen Display.

 

CAMERA + TALLY: it's designed for Canon 5D mark II. The image in standby and record mode not FULL SIZE because it downgrades the original HD (16:9) image to 480p (4:3) image, and zooms out the image display at the same time, which is hard for cameraman to shoot. After you press CAMERA button, all the output signals will be displayed fully on the screen within the safety marker. And RUIGE TL-S500HD HD Camera Monitor do not drop resolution when you recording on CANON 5D or scale the image up

*Dynamic Zoom via "Linear zoom trigger", which realizes zoom from the center point to assist quick focus.

 

Canon 5D/7D's zoom-in doesn't work in video playback mode, so videographers cannot check the video details. But RUIGE TL-S500HD can Dynamic Zoom based on RPD technology (Restoration of Pixel Data).

 

For CANON 5D, RUIGE TL-S500HD monitor Dynamic Zoom during Monitoring & Playback Mode, but can not zoom during Recording.

 

For CANON 7D, RUIGE TL-S500HD monitor Dynamic Zoom during Monitoring, Recording & Playback Mode.

 

The reason why RUIGE TL-S500HD Can Dynamic Zoom during Recording with CANON 7D, not with CANON 5D: Dynamic Zoom is used for HD Video at least 720P, CANON 5D output 480P during recording, and Canon 7d output 1080P during recording.

  

*Safety marker function: 5 scales of safety markers for different shooting requirements.

 

*Decrease Time Lag between Recording and standby.

 

*A patented foldable and removable sunhood, which makes the monitor readable in strong sunlight and protects the LCD screen.

 

*SAMSUNG A+ LCD Panel: REAL 800x480 high resolution, high brightness, and high contrast ratio, so high picture quality.

 

*3 ways of power supply: a. AC-DC adapter; b. Battery such as SONY F550 or F970; c. D-tap Power cable from a camera.

 

*Optional D-tap cable makes you can power RUIGE TL-S500HD directly from your camera D-tap output

*Aspect ratio: Switch between 4:3/ 16:9/ AUTO/ LETTER BOX.

 

*Monochrome: Black/white

 

*Lightweight and Portable: less than 0.5kg

 

*Certificates: ISO9000, CE, FCC , ROHS

 

*Product Craftwork Highlights:

 

1. Four to eight layers circuit to ensure signal integrity and stability.

 

2. All-solid capacitor from world famous suppliers: Murata, TDK etc., NOT unsafe short life aluminum electrolytic capacitors.

 

3. Unique power polarity protection design to protect the monitor even though power polarity is reversed.

 

4. High-performance display chip, 3D deinterlace image processing technology, much better image restoration.

 

5. Whole lead-free production process to protect environment.

 

Specification Please click here to download introduction document.

Screen size 5'' LCD

Resolution 800(H)×480(V)

Dot pitch 0.130（H）×0.130（V）mm

Display ratio 16:9 / 4:3/AUTO/LETTER BOX

Brightness 350cd/m²

Contrast 500:1

HDMI Input Yes(Only HDMI in, no HDMI out)

Earphone Yes, 3.5mm

Response time 10 ms

Viewing angle Left 70° / right 70° / up 60° / down 60°

Input voltage AC 220V / DC 12V 50/60Hz

Voltage Range 6.5V-36V

Power consumption ≤9W

Cover material ABS+PC

Color Black

Monitor size (L) 147.5×(H) 100.8×(D) 29 mm

Weight 0.45 kg

Accessories

Linear Zoom Trigger 1pcs

HDMI Lock 1pcs

Smart Sunhood 1pcs

1/4" hot shoe mount adapter 1pcs

0.7m Hdmi to mini Hdmi cable 1pcs

AC-DC adapter 1pcs

Manual 1pcs

 

COPENHAGEN, DENMARK - JULY 09: Gustavo "Sacy" Rossi of LOUD poses at the VALORANT Champions Tour: Stage 2 Masters Features Day on July 9, 2022 in Copenhagen, Denmark. (Photo by Colin Young-Wolff/Riot Games)

This lively Roppongi Hills event features traditional Bon Odori dance performed in a purpose-built arena by yukata-clad dancers. Decorations add to the atmosphere, while the surrounding stalls cater to hungry crowds with all the usual festival fare, as well as gourmet choices provided by area restaurants.

COPENHAGEN, DENMARK - JULY 09: Bryan "pANcada" Luna of LOUD poses at the VALORANT Champions Tour: Stage 2 Masters Features Day on July 9, 2022 in Copenhagen, Denmark. (Photo by Colin Young-Wolff/Riot Games)

skuba of NRG during VALORANT Champions Shanghai Features Day on September 20, 2026 in Shanghai, China (Photo by Lee Aiksoon/Riot Games)

  

Southfield Estates single-family homes in desirable Monroe Township. The Harding model boasts 4,739 Sq. Ft., 3.5-4.5 Bathrooms, 5 Bedrooms, 2-3 Car Garage.

  

Southfield Estates is the extraordinary community you’ve been seeking – luxurious home designs offering the finest amenities and upscale features, plus a Monroe Township location others can only envy! Here is the newest and finest community by Renaissance Properties, designed to offer the ultimate in comfort and luxury utilizing the latest home-building technologies, advanced materials and time-tested craftsmanship.

 

Southfield Estates continues the Renaissance Properties tradition of utilizing classic construction methods and the latest design innovations to produce exquisite homes that will be the pride and joy of their owners. The magnificent homes at Southfield Estates follow in the tradition of Dynasty Estates, Woodfield Estates and Woods Edge, three of our more recent luxury communities. These sophisticated designs represent the state-of-the-art in home-building today through the use of superior architectural design, the use of the finest quality materials and construction techniques, and environmentally compatible land planning. Our extensive ongoing market research program enables us to incorporate the needs and demands of the changing homebuyer market into the design of each new community. Each home design, and every community plan, reflects our decades of experience in the creation of premier communities throughout the central New Jersey area. Utilizing input from thousands of homebuyers like you, we are able to offer superior home designs that are constantly being improved and upgraded, resulting in homes that offer the highest possible value and the maximum in comfort and convenience.

 

But superior designs are just part of the Southfield Estates story – Monroe Township is the ideal location, known for its tree-lined streets and country charm. In addition to its classic suburban ambiance, Monroe offers excellent schools, outstanding recreational opportunities and low taxes. You’re close to major roadways, putting you within a short drive of quality shopping, golf and restaurants in Princeton, Freehold, the Jersey Shore and more! It is our pleasure to extend a hearty welcome to Southfield Estates – the four-star community that has it all!

 

Welcome to Southfield. You’ve arrived.

 

www.renaissanceprop.com/the-harding/

Enhance your Landscaping design with waterfalls and features. View more water feature and pond photos.

BUSAN, SOUTH KOREA - MAY 07: Brandon "BioPanther" Alexander of ORDER poses at the League of Legends - Mid-Season Invitational Features Day on May 7, 2022 in Busan, South Korea. (Photo by Colin Young-Wolff/Riot Games)

The Ballarat Town Hall with its impressive clock tower is one of the provincial centre’s most impressive and distinctive buildings. This building, built in classical Second Empire style between 1870 and 1872 is in fact the third Town Hall on the current site on the corner of Armstrong Street and Sturt Street. The first wooden Town Hall was destroyed by fire in 1859, and the foundation stone for the second building was laid in August 1860. The original plans for the second Town Hall were deemed too expensive to complete, so work on the project ceased. Time passed, and the second building, as it was, was finally incorporated into the third structure.

 

Its interior is equally impressive, decorated in the same classical and elaborate style. It features grand council chambers with elaborate ceilings. However it is the stairwell which is the Ballarat Town Hall's most magnificent interiors. It is lit by an elaborate skylight, features a magnificent chandelier, has intricately tiled floors and has a set of palatial stairs decorated with spelter figures holding aloft lamps.

 

Second Empire was a Parisian style which was a revival of the style of Napoleons Second Empire. The style was often used for buildings of great cultural importance, and was often applied to town halls, theatres, grand hotels and public buildings. Often this style endows buildings with landmark qualities. Therefore it seems only appropriate that during the height of the Gold Rush boom of the 1870s the people of Ballarat had such a magnificent Town Hall bestowed upon them.

 

The Town Hall, designed by architects, J. J. Lorenz and H. R. Caselli (interiors), features classic trademark design features of the Second Empire style including: richly ornate Renaissance styled trimmings, including quoining and profuse ornament; towers and Palladian motifs; and a high Mansard style roof with cast iron cresting and rooftop dormer windows as part of the clock tower’s design. The Town Hall has a symmetrical facade, dominated by dome roofed clock tower, which has a peal of bells, and pedimented end towers with fan shaped windows.

 

The Postcard

 

A postally unused postcard published by Courrier of Paris which features a young boy dressed as a Pierrot who is either singing or yawning - probably yawning.

 

Although the card was not posted, it has a name and address written across the undivided back:

 

Miss Bertha Spiegelhalter,

81, Mile End Road,

London E.,

England.

 

A Property Holdout

 

81 Mile End Road is a famous example of a holdout - a piece of property that becomes surrounded by a large development because the owner refused to sell.

 

In Whitechapel, the construction of the large and impressive department store Wickham's, completed in 1927, was obstructed by the Spiegelhalter Brothers who owned and ran a jewellers store at 81, Mile End Road. The store happened to be near the centre of the Wickhams' plot.

 

Wickham's with its tall Ionic stone columns was built either side of the low-level shop, and ended up looking like cheaply-repaired bomb damage, or a perfect row of teeth with one missing.

 

The Spiegelhalter family had lived in the East End of London since about 1828, working as jewellers and clockmakers. Many family members were born at 81 Mile End Road. Bertha was in fact born in 1875, and died in 1967.

 

Because of anti-German feeling after the Great War, in 1919 the Spiegelhalters changed their name to Salter.

 

In the end, the Spiegelhalters had the last laugh. Wickham’s closed in the 1960's, whereas the Spiegelhalters held on until 1982. It became an off-licence, and by 2014 had become derelict and roofless.

 

The Pierrot

 

The Pierrot is a stock character of pantomime and commedia dell'arte whose origins are in the late seventeenth-century Italian troupe of players performing in Paris and known as the Comédie-Italienne.

 

The name is a diminutive of Pierre (Peter), via the suffix -ot.

 

His character in contemporary popular culture—in poetry, fiction, and the visual arts, as well as works for the stage, screen, and concert hall - is that of the sad clown, pining for love of Columbine, who usually breaks his heart and leaves him for Harlequin.

 

Performing unmasked, with a whitened face, he wears a loose white blouse with large buttons and wide white pantaloons. Sometimes he appears with a frilled collaret and a hat, usually with a close-fitting crown and wide round brim, more rarely with a conical shape like a dunce's cap.

 

However most frequently, since his reincarnation by Jean-Gaspard Deburau, he wears neither collar nor hat, only a black skullcap. The defining characteristic of Pierrot is his naïveté: he is seen as a fool, often the butt of pranks, yet nonetheless trusting.

 

It was a generally buffoonish Pierrot that held the European stage for the first two centuries of his history. And yet early signs of a respectful, even sympathetic attitude toward the character appeared in the plays of Jean-François Regnard and in the paintings of Antoine Watteau, an attitude that would deepen in the nineteenth century, after the Romantics claimed the figure as their own.

 

For Jules Janin and Théophile Gautier, Pierrot was not a fool, but an avatar of the post-Revolutionary People, struggling, sometimes tragically, to secure a place in the bourgeois world.

 

Subsequent artistic/cultural movements found him equally amenable to their cause:

 

-- The Decadents turned him, like themselves,

into a disillusioned disciple of Schopenhauer,

a foe of Woman and of callow idealism.

 

-- The Symbolists saw him as a lonely fellow-

sufferer, crucified upon the rood of soulful

sensitivity, his only friend the distant moon.

 

-- The Modernists converted him into a

Whistlerian subject for canvases devoted

to form, colour and line.

 

In short, Pierrot became an alter-ego of the artist, specifically of the alienated artist of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

 

His physical insularity; his poignant lapses into mutism, the legacy of the great mime Deburau; his white face and costume, suggesting not only innocence but the pallor of the dead; his often frustrated pursuit of Columbine, coupled with his never-to-be-vanquished unworldly naïveté—all conspired to lift him out of the circumscribed world of the commedia dell'arte and into the larger realm of myth.

 

Much of that mythic quality ("I'm Pierrot," said David Bowie: "I'm Everyman") still adheres to the "sad clown" of the postmodern era.

Shown Above: Pavithra Mehta and Shruti Hegde.

 

The Hayward Public Library’s “Book-to-Action” series features the extraordinary and inspirational story of Infinite Vision: How Aravind Became the World’s Greatest Business Case for Compassion by Pavithra K. Mehta and Suchitra Shenoy. Based in India, the Aravind Eye System is the world’s largest provider of high-quality eye care, with surgical outcomes equal to or exceeding those in the developed world at less than one percent of the cost, treating more than half of its patients free of charge, and taking no grants or donations. Aravind’s model is so successful that it has been the subject of a popular Harvard Business School case study, has garnered multiple prestigious awards, and has been replicated internationally.

 

The Book-to-Action program is a variation on the traditional library book group – it offers participants not only the opportunity to collectively read and discuss a book and meet a book author, but to put their newfound knowledge or perspective into action by engaging in a community service project related to the book’s topic. Thanks to a grant from the California State Library, the library is offering a limited number of free copies of the book, available to community members interested in participating in this program. Read about Dr. “V”, the man who, in his late 50s, built the Aravind Eye Care System, and explore the distinctive philosophies, practices, and commitments that are the keys to its success.

 

Book Discussion: Wednesday, March 14

6:30 p.m. @ Hayward Main Library, 835 “C” Street in downtown Hayward

 

Join local residents to discuss the book, which tells the story of the Aravind eye care system. Share with other readers your favorite aspects of the book, and pose questions you’d like to discuss. Get ideas about how you can get involved in “pay-it-forward” projects in the Bay Area.

 

Meet Infinite Vision Author and Filmmaker Pavithra K. Mehta

Saturday, March 17, 2 p.m. @ Main Library

 

Pavithra K. Mehta comes from a family of 21 (and still counting) eye surgeons, including the legendary Dr. V, her granduncle. Pavithra is drawn to the space where service and story-telling meet. She started Aravind’s story archive in 2002, while freelancing on film and writing projects for nonprofits in India. Later she headed the volunteer program at Benetech, an innovative nonprofit in Silicon Valley, which runs the world’s largest digital library of accessible books for people who are blind. She is currently on the board of the Aravind Eye Foundation and Service Space ( www.servicespace.org/ ), an organization rooted in inner change that designs and runs experiments in generosity. She co-leads its inspiring news portal, DailyGood, as well as its pay-it-forward restaurant, Karma Kitchen, and is working on her next book. Pavithra studied English literature and broadcast journalism. She lives in the Bay Area with her husband and travels back to Madurai each year.

 

“Infinite Vision” Film Showing

Monday, March 26 @ 6:30 pm @ Main Library

 

Enjoy the award-winning documentary Infinite Vision, which follows the life and work of Dr. V, the remarkable eye surgeon from South India who made it his mission to restore sight to the blind and whose work has resulted in one of the world’s most extraordinary models of service delivery. This film traces the inspiring life journey of a visionary dedicated to serving humanity, outlines the evolution of the Aravind model of eye care and affords glimpses into the spirituality that has guided both for over fifty years in service for sight.

 

Community Service Program: Encourage Literacy for World Book Day

Saturday, April 21, 9 am - 1 pm, Main Library, Front Lawn

 

Spread your love for a great book in our local community. Get involved with the World Book Day distribution of free books to new or returning readers. Bring a used copy of a book you have read and loved (including your free copy of Infinite Vision or any other favorite selection), to pass on to someone who isn't a regular reader.

 

For more information about the series, contact librarian Sally Thomas at 510-881-7700 or sally.thomas (at) hayward-ca.gov.

 

This series is supported in part by the U.S. Institute of Museum and Library Services under the provisions of the Library Services and Technology Act, administered in California by the State Librarian.

 

Zeus of Hanwha Life Esports at the League of Legends Worlds 2025 Features Day on October 11, 2025 in Beijing, China. (Photo by Christina Oh/Riot Games)

Package Features:

 

1 x LFL Patriot light bar 4 x High Intensity Strobe Corners, 4 x High Intensity Blue LED's and 2 x Rear Red High Intensity LED's, 2 x High Intensity Halogen Spot Lights / Alternating.

 

2 x 500 Series Smart LED Grille Lights flush mount in Blue.

 

Price £450.00

EUR E 550.00

US D $725.00

 

Please contact us to order info@svlights.co.uk or call:

 

UK Office Tel: 01458 442061

US Office Tel: 713 429 5099

 

email info@svlights.co.uk

 

Intranet icons give users visual cues on what the different parts of the intranet are all about. This is why it's important to use appropriate icons for each application.

 

Watch this video to discover the three types of icons in Noodle intranet, and how to replace them with your own.

 

Noodle is the social intranet software that improves communication, enhances collaboration, and encourages innovation in the enterprise. It brings microblogging, wikis, document sharing, instant messaging and other social business tools in a single portal.

 

Click here to explore the features of Noodle intranet software.

 

Or try it for free for 30 days (no credit card required).

This headstone, found in the Old Ballaarat Cemetery, features a Bible carved in pass relief, flanked by flowers.

 

Built across an area of 7 hectares (18 acres), the historical Old Ballaarat Cemetery is located about one and a half kilometres from Ballarat's heart with its boundaries on Macarthur Street, Creswick Road, Lexton Street and Pigah Street.

 

Ballarat's first public cemetery was recorded in 1856, when the first official cemetery burial took place on the 20th May. Local records indicate that whilst this was the first official burial, ceremonies took place in the area of the Old Ballaarat Cemetery in the late 1840's and thereafter, which was even before the discovery of gold in Ballarat and the subsequent Gold Rushes that drew people to the city from around the world.

 

Allow the elegant and ornate Victorian gates on the corner of Macarthur Street and Creswick Road to usher you into a world of grand and simple monuments to the dead, and to a slice of Ballarat's fantastic history. The Old Ballaarat Cemetery is filled with historical figures from Ballarat's past as many burials were early settlers who were looking to make their fortune on the goldfields. People mentioned in my own photostream are amongst those buried here; Richard Henry Sutton of Sutton's Music Store in Sturt Street; George and Clara Crocker who dedicated windows in St Peter's Church of England to their sons who died during the Great War; Thomas Stoddart who made Ballarat a city of marble statues; and Henry Richards Caselli who designed so many beautiful and iconic Ballarat buildings. Two important monuments in not just Ballarat's, but Australia's, history were erected in the cemetery following from the armed insurrection of 1854 - the Eureka uprising; the Eureka Diggers' Monument in 1856 and the Officers and Soldiers Monument in 1879.

 

Situated in the centre of the cemetery, is the original Victorian rotunda built in 1892 to the designs of James and Piper and J. C. Smith. The Rotunda has recently been restored to its original splendour.

 

Cemetery records show 35,000 interments have taken place since 1856, with 18,000 prior to 1884.

 

Appropriately for a city, once the wealthiest in the world, because of the Gold Rushes, in 1907 gold was discovered in the Old Ballaarat Cemetery when grave diggers were preparing a grave for a Mr. T. C. Thomas.

 

The 1920 gatehouse building was restored in 1997.

Indoor Wall Water Fountain Feature - Features / Fountains

  

Add ambiance to any room with beautiful indoor wall fountains. We currently have many styles to choose from in a wide variety of frame materials and waterfall face choices. Our skilled artesians are adept at metal fabrication. The metals available for the frames on your water wall have been chosen for attractiveness, durability and ease of fabrication. The most common metals used are copper and stainless steel. The unique marbled or patina finish is applied to the copper of the indoor wall sculptures one piece at a time. A clear coating is then applied to the metal to give it a high gloss finish as well as to protect the copper from naturally developing a green patina over time. On some of our most recent water wall models we will even go further and apply custom artwork or custom patina shading to the metal making your wall sculpture a true piece of unique art.

This model features tuning in the slide and is manufactured by Rath Trombones in Huddersfield, West Yorkshire. A dependent bass trombone in B flat/F/D, it is made almost entirely of red brass and has two valves by René Hagmann. The R9DST is very clearly modelled on the older slide tuning Conn bass trombones of the 1960s, such as the much venerated 62H. It has a straight 0.562" bore slide, 9½" bell and is played with a Rath CB2 B mouthpiece. I do the vast majority of my playing on this trombone.

#MarauderMonday features Truck 5, a 2016 Seagrave Marauder II 100' HD tiller. Featured in the photos are the ladder tunnel, which contains 276' of ground ladders, and the raised aerial. Truck 5 is also the only stand-alone truck in the city due to the high volume of calls at Station 5.

 

Technical Specs:

2016 Seagrave Marauder II

470 HP Detroit Diesel DD13 engine

100' Heavy Duty Tiller with 500 lb. tipload

 

The driver's side was structured to carry truck company equipment, while the officer's side was designed to store rescue tools. The driver's side contains forcible entry tools, salvage materials, roof saws, K-12 saws, reciprocating saws, salvage equipment, over 2000 ft. in ropes, RIT equipment, and three large fans for ventilation. The officer's side contains a complete Holmatro extrication equipment, a Stokes basket, a crash kit, a Hydra-ram, bolt cutters, a large amount of cribbing, a 375-ton 14-piece air bag set, shoring equipment, pneumatic drills and saws, and a variety of non-sparking tools, meters, and suits for Hazmat-situations.

 

In addition, the apparatus carries 276 ft. of ground ladders. The complement consists of extension ladders, wall ladders, and roof ladders. The extension ladder complement consists of two 35 ft. ladders, one 14 ft. ladder, one 12 ft ladder, and one collapsible 10 ft. ladder. The wall ladder complement includes two 24 ft. ladders, two 20 ft. ladders, and two 16 ft. ladders. The roof ladder complement has one 20 ft. ladder, one 16 ft. ladder, and two 12 ft. ladders.

 

Designed to be a straight truck, Truck 5 carries no water or hose, but the ladder is prepiped with a 1500 gpm monitor for ladder pipe operations.

Staffed by 6

Apparatus Operator

Captain II

Tiller Operator/ Firefighter

Firefighter (3x)

 

Inspired by:

LAFD tiller

Hyattsville Truck 1

Eden Truck 204

 

Credits:

Paulo R for SNOT compartments and Seagrave cab

Christian C for the ladder ideas

Seagrave for the specs

@pasadena_firefighters Truck 32

@burbankfirefighters Truck 11

Product Specifications/Features :

1)Materials: Any fabric is available,such as:Terry towel,Velvet,Waffle,Non-woven cotton cloth, Pure EVA and so on.

 

2) Outsole materials: EVA, TPR, EVA with beaded cloth, sponge, EVA covered with synthetic leather

 

3) Slipper types:Any style is available ,such as:Open toe and closed toe styles; Women's or men's sizes, or one fits all; Straight shape, angled shape ; Washable and non-washable ; The logo can be printed, embroidered or embroidered and woven as a labe

 

Inner packing: 1 pair/polybag

Outer packing: 100 pairs/carton or according to customers' requirement

 

Remarks:

We can produce slippers with different sizes, thicknesses, colors and styles as percustomized

requirements.

If any items of our products meets your demand, palease don`t hesitate to contact us.And we will show you our sample which both excellent in quality and reasonable in price.

  

You are welcome to visit us at our www.hotel-slippers.martbase.com to see if any items interest you,we also do custom-made products,you can email us the image or specification for the products your buying now for a trial.the relevant quotation and sample will be sent upon request.

 

Look forward to having the pleasure to serve you very soon.

  

Kind regards,

Howard Xu

sales&marketing

 

YANGZHOU JBL GUEST SUPPLY CO.,LTD.

No.2,Jinyuan Road,

Yangzhou City,Jiangsu Province,

CHINA, 225111

TEL:0086-514-82092217/ 87496600

FAX:0086-514-87499828

Mobile:0086-13801457507

msn:xuwanlei@tom.com

skype:xuwanlei1

Email: xuwanlei@163.com

howard@cn-jbl.com

www.hotel-slippers.martbase.com

A young boy with short hair swims confidently in a bright blue pool, water splashing around him as he holds a floating device. The setting features a house and lush greenery.

PARIS, FRANCE - October 25: Chovy (L) of Gen.G and Faker of T1 at the League of Legends World Championship 2024 Semi Finals Features Day on October 25, 2024 in Paris. (Photo by Colin Young-Wolff/Riot Games)

Features 5 chimneys, parquet floors and a commanding view of the harbor. In 1973 it became the first bed-and-breakfast inn in the Pacific Northwest.

IMG_1054t

A medic from the 30th Medical Brigade tends to simulated casualty during the 30th Brigade’s “Best Medic Competition at Baumholder, Germany on Sept. 24, 2014. The mass casualty event tests each medical team on their response time to the patient as well as they mental readiness. (DoD News photo by SSgt Brian Kimball)

Portrait of a woman with expressive features and radiant skin in a serene indoor setting during daylight

 

Rate this dramatic portrait from 1-10 in the comments! 💯

 

A close-up captures a woman with striking features, showcasing her glowing complexion and captivating eyes. Natural light enhances her beauty in a tranquil indoor environment.

 

Love this portrait?

Drop a below, repost, and follow for more stunning shots! 👇

 

🎨 Designing Beyond Boundaries | ＃ByMenesDesigns

 

🔗 Link in bio / Direct link: bit.ly/3FYJ6iN

 

#portrait #woman #beauty #naturallight #indoor #calm #features #glowingskin #serene #closeup #aesthetic #ethnicdiversity #hairstyle #makeup #softlighting #elegance #youth #tranquility #eyes #charm #skintone #style #facialexpression #fashion #confidence #bymenesde

BUSAN, SOUTH KOREA - MAY 07: Brandon "BioPanther" Alexander of ORDER poses at the League of Legends - Mid-Season Invitational Features Day on May 7, 2022 in Busan, South Korea. (Photo by Colin Young-Wolff/Riot Games)

The annual Danenberg Honors Recital features performances from exceptional Conservatory of Music students.

 

Photograph by Yevgen Gulenko

SAO PAULO, BRAZIL - FEBRUARY 19: Jim "BORKUM" Timbreza of Team Secret poses during the VALORANT Champions Tour 2023: LOCK//IN features day on February 19, 2023 in Sao Paulo, Brazil. (Photo by Lance Skundrich/Riot Games)

Features

  

Pattern: Solid

Suitable For: Western Wear

  

Services

  

Cash On Delivery available

30 Days Exchange Policy

    

couponbachat.com/?p=10011

Captured somewhere in Maine during the early 1900s, it features a little girl in a thoughtful pose as she sits on the steps of her home. This photo captures a simple moment in time, reminding us of the beauty and wonder of childhood.

Features Evangelion by Shuki Kato, Miura Ken rose by Robert Lang, Godzilla by Kiroaki Takai, and House by Roman Diaz.

The features South Street Seaport are some of the oldest architecture in downtown Manhattan, and includes the largest concentration of restored early 19th-century commercial buildings in the city. This includes renovated original mercantile buildings, renovated sailing ships, the former Fulton Fish Market, and modern tourist malls featuring food, shopping, and nightlife.

Features my proprietary suspension/steering setup, of course. Slightly improved to narrow the wheelbase.

Frankreich / Provence - Nationalpark Calanques

 

Massif de Marseilleveyre

 

Sunset. On the way from Sommet de Marseilleveyre back to Les Goudes.

 

Sonnenuntergang Auf dem Weg vom Sommet de Marseilleveyre zurück nach Les Goudes.

 

Calanques National Park (French: Parc national des Calanques; Occitan: Parc Nacional dels Calanques) is a French national park located on the Mediterranean coast in Bouches-du-Rhône, Southern France.

 

Established in 2012, it extends over 520 km2 (201 sq mi), of which 85 km2 (33 sq mi) is land, while the remaining is marine area. It includes parts of the Massif des Calanques stretching between Marseille's southern arrondissements, Cassis and La Ciotat. Some of the park's best known features include the calanques of Sormiou, Morgiou, Port-Miou, Sugiton, En-Vau, as well as the Cosquer Cave.

 

History

 

In 1923, the Comité de défense des Calanques was established with the aim of preventing industrial development at En-Vau. In 1999, the groupement d'intérêt public (GIP) des Calanques was founded to prepare the creation of a national park. Eleven years later, the GIP presented its first draft for a national park; the third draft was approved in 2011. On 18 April 2012, Prime Minister François Fillon signed the decree establishing Calanques National Park.

 

(Wikipedia)

 

Dominating the southern districts of Marseille at an altitude of nearly 432 metres, the Massif de Marseilleveyre offers fascinating landscapes. In just a few minutes, you leave the second largest city in France to enter a mineral universe, both wild and grandiose. Marseilleveyre is a masterly gateway to discover the best kept treasures of the Calanques National Park, between sky and sea.

 

Hiking and outdoor activities

 

For lovers of nature and outdoor activities, Marseilleveyre is an invitation to go hiking. Numerous itineraries cover its valleys, hills and ridges. A wide variety of landscapes awaits walkers of all levels. There are easy trails for families or walkers who wish to stroll through a remarkable setting. The more experienced walkers can take much more aerial paths, such as those that weave their way between the vertiginous blades of rock tapering from the Goudes summits. Hundreds of kilometres of marked paths await you, and your hike from Marseilleveyre can take you to the most secret corners of the Calanques National Park, from Callelongue to Morgiou, Sugiton or even Cassis.

 

The white limestone of Marseilleveyre rises to the sky in rocky bars and cliffs, and offers numerous routes of all levels to climbing enthusiasts. From secure sites for beginners to large, challenging routes for thrill-seekers, lovers of vertical climbing meet every year in the hills bordering the south of Marseille.

 

Cycling and mountain biking enthusiasts can explore some of the tracks and roads of the Marseilleveyre massif. Along the water’s edge or in the middle of the pine trees, cyclists alternate descents, bends and climbs in a beautiful setting.

 

Nature sports enthusiasts can also discover the marine treasures of the Marseilleveyre massif, which plunges into the Mediterranean Sea. Several service providers offer discovery courses or scuba diving in the protected waters of the Park.

 

A preserved natural area

 

To the south of the Marseilleveyre massif, the flora has adapted to the aridity of the area and the salinity of the air. Here you can observe unusual plants such as the Marseille astragalus. The valleys, which are more sheltered from the sun, are home to beautiful holm oak forests or astonishing mantles of sarsaparilla.

 

The hills are home to many birds, especially birds of prey. The Great Horned Owl, the Short-toed Eagle and Bonelli’s Eagle reign supreme, while several species of bats nest in the caves and rocky crevices. Wild boars, rabbits, foxes, genets and roe deer have also found refuge in this protected area. You might also discover an ocellated lizard or a gecko snoozing in the sun at the bend in the path.

 

A viewpoint over Marseille and limestone Provence

To the north, the massif borders the city. The Campagne Pastré, the Parc du Roy d’Espagne, the Cayolle district, the Baumettes hamlet and the Luminy estate, with its universities and colleges, follow each other at the foot of the hills. This privileged location, at the gateway to the city, is one of the main assets of Marseilleveyre.

 

This lilting name can indeed be translated, for some linguists, by the expression “Seeing Marseille”. The name of the second summit of the massif, the Béouveyre, owes its name to the Provençal term for “belvedere”. The etymology pays tribute to the 360 degree view that the hills of Marseilleveyre offer over the city of Marseille, the Mediterranean Sea, the harbour, the islands, the Côte Bleue and the many hills that have surrounded and protected the city for thousands of years.

 

As you stroll along, you will discover breathtaking views of the different districts of Marseille. The golden statue of the “Bonne Mère” (“Good Mother”), who has watched over the city and its inhabitants from the top of the Notre-Dame de la Garde basilica for several centuries, is a real eye-catcher.

 

Explore Marseilleveyre safely

 

The Marseilleveyre massif is one of the driest places in France. The paths are potentially steep, and some routes offer conditions similar to those encountered in the mountains or high mountains. We invite you to bring appropriate equipment: sufficient water (at least two litres of water per person in summer), a hat and sunglasses, walking shoes…

 

The Calanques are a fragile and protected area. You must stay on the marked paths, do not pick plants or flowers, and bring back your rubbish. More detailed information is available on the official website of the Calanques Natural Park.

 

Access to the massifs may be restricted depending on the weather conditions. A total ban is possible in periods of high heat, drought or strong winds. You should find out the day before your visit on www.myprovence.fr/en/enviedebalade to find out the conditions of access to the Bouches-du-Rhône massifs.

 

(provence-alpes-cotedazur.com)

 

Die Calanques, auch bekannt unter den Namen Calanques de Marseille, Calanques de Cassis oder Massif des Calanques, sind ein Mittelgebirge in Südfrankreich, im Départements Bouches-du-Rhône, das zwischen den Städten Marseille und Cassis liegt. Der etwa 20 km lange Küstenstreifen des Mittelmeeres besteht aus einer Aneinanderreihung von tiefen und engen, schluchtartigen Buchten. Solch eine Bucht wird Calanque genannt. Der höchste Punkt der Bergkette ist der Mont Puget mit 565 m, der östlich von Marseille und dem Massif de Marseilleveyre liegt. Die Calanques und die Küste von Cassis bis La Ciotat wurden im April 2012 zum Nationalpark Calanques (Parc National des Calanques) erklärt.

 

Topographische Lage

 

Die einzelnen Calanques sind in das Massif de Marseilleveyre und den Mont Puget eingegraben. Sie erstrecken sich von dem Hafenstädtchen Les Goudes im Marseiller Vorort la Madrague de Montredon bis zum Cap Croisette in der Calanque Port-Miou, der einzigen Calanque der Gemeinde Cassis. Von Les Goudes bis Cassis gibt es 27 Calanques. Die 17 größten und bekanntesten sind:

 

la calanque de Callelongue: Hafen, Restaurant und Tauchzentrum der UCPA;

la calanque de la Mounine: enge Bucht, die hinter dem Col du Sémaphore liegt und das Tal la Mounine abschließt;

la calanque de Marseilleveyre: kleine Bar mit Restaurant, Tauchzentrum, zu Fuß von Callelongue erreichbar;

la calanque des Queyrons: windgeschützter kleiner Kieselstrand;

la calanque de Podestat: Kieselstrand, westlich liegt eine kleine schattige Grotte;

la calanque de Cortiou: Abfluss der Kläranlage von Marseille;

la calanque de Sormiou: Hafen mit kleinem Dorf, eingeschränkte Zufahrt mit dem Auto, bekanntes Klettergebiet;

la calanque de la Triperie: Unterwassereingang zur Grotte Cosquer, kein Zugang;

la calanque de Morgiou: Hafen mit kleinem Dorf, eingeschränkte Zufahrt mit dem Auto, bekanntes Klettergebiet;

la calanque de Sugiton: vielbesuchte, familienfreundliche Bucht, zu Fuß vom Campus de Luminy erreichbar;

la calanque des Pierres-Tombées: FKK-Strand;

la calanque de l’Œil de Verre: schwieriger Zugang nur für erfahrene Wanderer;

la calanque du Devenson: geschützt durch 200 m hohe Felsen, nur mit dem Boot oder durch Abseilen erreichbar;

la calanque de l’Oule: eingebettet zwischen 70 m Felsen, nur mit dem Boot erreichbar;

la calanque d’En-Vau: überlaufen, Kieselstrand, steile Felswände schließen die Bucht ein, bekanntes Klettergebiet;

la calanque de Port-Pin: zu Fuß in 30 Minuten von Cassis erreichbar;

la calanque de Port-Miou: nahe dem Ort Cassis, Jachthafen, östlicher Zugang zum Massif des Calanques.

 

Auf den vor Marseille liegenden Inseln Ratonneau, Pomègues, Riou und Plane haben sich auch mehrere Calanques gebildet.

 

Entstehung der Calanques

 

Das Massif des Calanques besteht aus Kalkstein, der sich im Wesentlichen im Mesozoikum gebildet hat. Das Mesozoikum umfasst die Zeitspanne von vor 250 Millionen Jahren bis vor 65 Millionen Jahren. Das Gestein entstand im Laufe von Millionen Jahren zwischen der Mitte des Jura vor etwa 150 Millionen Jahren und der Kreide vor etwa 110 Millionen Jahren. Dabei entstand Sedimentgestein in tieferen Wasserzonen durch Meeresablagerungen mineralischer und organischer Stoffe, die unter dem Druck von Wasser und jüngeren, darüber liegenden Gesteinsschichten komprimiert und verfestigt wurden. In flachen Wasserzonen bildeten sich Korallenriffe. Fossile Meeresorganismen zeugen von diesen Ablagerungen. Darauffolgende tektonische Aktivitäten führten zu horizontalen Bewegungen und Verwerfungen. Erosion ebnete die Verwerfungen wieder ein.

 

Während der messinischen Salinitätskrise vor 5,96 bis 5,32 Millionen Jahren wurde das Mittelmeer vom Atlantik isoliert. In der Folge sank sein Wasserspiegel bis zu 1.500 m unter den des Atlantiks ab. Die Flüsse, die ins Mittelmeer flossen, vertieften ihre Täler um Hunderte von Metern. Die fluviale Erosion durch kleinere Bäche und Flüsse schuf wahrscheinlich auch im Massif des Calanques zahlreiche tiefe, steilwandige Täler.

 

Vor etwa 1,5 Millionen Jahren, zu Beginn des Quartärs, hob sich die gesamte Region, und eine neue Erosionsperiode begann mit den eiszeitlichen Meeresspiegelsenkungen. Während dieser glazialen Niedrigwasserperioden bildeten sich entlang der Mittelmeerküste weitere steilwandige Täler durch die Erosion durch Flüsse, die in das Meer mündeten, welches etwa 100 Meter tiefer lag als heute.

 

Der Anstieg des Meeresspiegels des Mittelmeers nach den großen Eiszeiten überflutete vor etwa 12.000 Jahren einen Teil der Schluchten, so dass sie heute unter Wasser weit ins Meer hineinreichen. In dieser Zeit wurden auch die äußersten Teile des Festlands zu Inseln. Durch Verkarstung bildeten sich große Höhlen (Saint-Michel d'Eau douce) und unterirdische Flüsse (z. B. in der Calanque de Port-Miou und der Calanque de Sugiton).

 

Der Norden des Massif de Marseilleveyre und die Hochebene von Carpiagne bestehen aus dem ältesten Gestein, das aus dem Jura stammt, mit einem Alter von 200 Millionen bis 140 Millionen Jahren. Der größte Teil des Massif des Calanques sowie die Inseln bestehen aus urgonischem Kalkstein, etwa 115 Millionen Jahre alt, welcher sehr hart und von weißer Farbe ist und von Korallen in einem flachen warmen Meer aufgebaut wurde. Zwischen Luminy und des Calanque de Sugiton findet man aber auch dolomitische, eher sandige Kalke des Valanginium, die etwa 140 Millionen bis 134 Millionen Jahre alt sind.

 

Hydrologie

 

Das Wasser des Mittelmeeres vor der Calanquesküste ist oft kühler als in den umliegenden Meeresregionen. Dies liegt einerseits daran, dass die Klippen im Meer steil abfallen ohne seichtere Küstengewässer. Zum anderen existieren zahlreiche kalte Süßwasserquellen unter der Meeresoberfläche, die durch ein Netzwerk unterirdischer Bäche gespeist werden, die sowohl das Massif de Marseilleveyre als auch die Hochebenen Carpiagne entwässern. Diese Phänomen der Karstquellen ist von allen Kalkküsten des Mittelmeers bekannt, da der Meeresspiegel während der Eiszeiten des Quartärs erst um etwa 135 m sank, bevor er vor etwa 10.000 Jahren wieder das heutige Niveau erreichte und so die Quellen und Bäche überschwemmte.

 

Ein unterirdischer Fluss mit einer beträchtlichen Fließgeschwindigkeit und einem Volumenstrom von 5 m³/s bis 7 m³/s endet fast auf Meereshöhe in der Calanque Port-Miou. Er kommt wahrscheinlich aus dem Massif de Sainte-Baume und wird von einem 1.000 km² großen Grundwasservorkommen unter der Provence gespeist. Eine solche Durchflussmenge könnte mehr als eine Million Menschen mit Trinkwasser versorgen.

 

Eine weitere Karstquelle endet einige Dezimeter unter dem Meeresspiegel des Strandes von Bestouan (am Westausgang von Cassis), wodurch das Wasser dieses Strandes selbst im Hochsommer sehr kalt ist.

 

Klima

 

In den Calanques herrscht mediterranes Klima mit starker Trockenheit. Die vorhandene Feuchtigkeit stammt im Wesentlichen aus der Verdunstung des Meerwassers sowie aus starken Regenfällen im Herbst und Winter. Die Regenfälle sind jedoch durch lange Trockenperioden getrennt. Aufgrund des Abflusses kommen sie nur sehr bedingt der Vegetation zugute. Die durchschnittliche Niederschlagsmenge liegt bei etwa 600 mm pro Jahr. Das Cap Croisette, das Tor zu den Calanques im Westen, ist mit durchschnittlich 360 mm das trockenste Gebiet Frankreichs. Die Heftigkeit mancher Niederschläge ist extrem. So wurde von Météo-France am 1. Dezember 2003 innerhalb von zwei Stunden eine Niederschlagsmenge von 218 mm in Marseille und von 235 mm in Cassis gemessen.

 

Zusammen mit hohen Temperaturen hat der Wind einen großen Einfluss auf die Verdunstung, insbesondere an der Küste. Der Mistral und der häufig starke Nordwestwind machen 43 % der windigen Tage aus. An der Meeresoberfläche führen diese Winde zu sehr starken Strömungen und damit zum Aufsteigen von Tiefenwasser. Wenn der Mistral weht, kann die Wassertemperatur an der Oberfläche innerhalb weniger Stunden um bis zu 10 K abnehmen, d. h. von 23 °C – 25 °C auf 13 °C – 15 °C. Dieses aufsteigende Tiefenwasser ermöglicht eine hohe Biodynamik an der Küste durch die Anreicherung des Wassers mit Mineralien.

 

Lebensräume

 

In den Calanques gibt es keine Wasserläufe auf Grund der geringen Niederschlagsmengen und der Verkarstung des Untergrundes. In den südseitigen, mistral-geschützten Lagen bildet sich ein Mikroklima aus, bestimmt durch die Wärmeregulierung des Meeres, der Sonneneinstrahlung und den hohen weißen Felswänden. Im Winter sind Temperaturdifferenzen von 10 K zwischen den südseitigen und den nordseitigen Lagen beziehungsweise der Innenstadt von Marseille möglich. Die Bestandsaufnahme der Lebensräume, die im Rahmen der Natura-2000-Studie durchgeführt wurde, weist für die Calanques sechsundzwanzig natürliche Lebensräume aus, zu denen noch vierzig gemischte Lebensräume hinzukommen. Es gibt vier große Gruppen: Felslebensräume mit Klippen und Geröllhalden, Waldlebensräume mit klimatisch bedingten Kiefernwäldern, offene Lebensräume wie Rasen und Garrigue sowie Küstenlebensräume. Natura 2000 hat die geschützten Tiere und Pflanzen in einer Liste zusammengefasst.

 

Flora

 

Die Calanques sind ein außergewöhnliches Ökosystem, in dem selbst subtropische Pflanzenarten die Kälteperioden des Quartärs überstanden haben. Es gibt kaum fruchtbare Erde auf dem Karstboden. Die Kalksteinfelsen mit ihren Geröllhalden sind von zahlreichen Rissen und Spalten durchzogen, in denen sich die Wurzeln der Pflanzen verankern können. Aufgrund der trockenen Standorte beziehen die Pflanzen ihr Wasser aus verdunstendem Meerwasser und der mit salzigen Wassertröpfchen angereicherten Meeresluft. Auch morgendlicher Tau trägt zur Wasserversorgung der Pflanzen bei. Die Vegetation der Calanques ist nicht bodendeckend, sondern gedeiht in Form von vereinzelten, relativ niedrigen Büschen. Das Gebiet ist größtenteils von Macchienvegetation bedeckt: Heidekräuter (Erica), Dornpolster aus Astragale de Marseille (Astragalus tragacantha), Lorbeerblättriger Schneeball (Viburnum tinus), Kermes- oder Stech-Eiche (Quercus coccifera), Raue Stechwinde (Smilax aspera) und Wacholder sowie kleinen Wäldchen aus Aleppo-Kiefern. Darüber hinaus kommen endemische Arten vor wie der Skopendien-Farn oder das Sabline de Provence (Arenaria provincialis), eines der Symbole der Calanques. Insgesamt kann man davon ausgehen, dass etwa 83 Arten entweder geschützt sind oder auf der Liste der bedrohten Arten stehen.

 

Fauna

 

Die Fauna der Calanques ist entweder angepasst, dies gilt besonders für Insekten, oder ist ein Relikt aus früheren Zeiten wie der Habichtsadler. Die größte europäische Eidechsenart, die Perleidechse, lebt ebenso hier wie die Bulldoggfledermaus. Das Massiv beherbergt einen hohen Anteil an Seevögeln. 30 % der Population der Corysturmtaucher (Calonectris borealis, französisch Puffin cendré) Frankreichs leben hier. Dazu kommen in den Küstengewässern noch Meeresschildkröten und Delfine.

 

Die hier lebenden Wirbellosen sind gut an den Lebensraum angepasst. Dabei handelt es sich entweder um Coleopteren (Käfer), die Elytren haben, die sie vor dem Austrocknen schützen (z. B. der Große Eichenbock), oder um Schmetterlinge.

 

Cosquer-Höhle

 

Südöstlich von Marseille am Cap Morgiou liegt die von Henri Cosquer entdeckte Cosquer-Höhle mit Höhlenmalereien aus der Zeit zwischen 27.000 und 19.000 v. Chr., die Bisons, Pferde, Steinböcke aber auch Meerestiere wie Robben und Alkenvögel darstellen. Ihr Eingang liegt 37 m unter der Meeresoberfläche und ist durch ein Gitter verschlossen.

 

Tourismus

 

Im Jahr 2008 verzeichneten die Calanques zwei Millionen Besucher. Zum Schutze der Natur wurde der Nationalpark Calanques nach jahrelanger schwieriger Vorarbeit im April 2012 als zehnter französischer Nationalpark gegründet. Im Jahr 2020 erleben die Calanques einen Besucherrekord mit geschätzten mehr als drei Millionen Besuchern. Die Calanques sind Opfer ihres Erfolgs und des Phänomens des Übertourismus. Die Besucher konzentrieren sich dabei auf die beliebtesten Orte En-Vau, Port-Pin, Morgiou, Sormiou und Sugiton. In der Calanque de Sormiou werden Spitzenwerte von 2.000 Personen/Tag erreicht, in En-Vau von 1.000 Personen/Tag. Die akzeptable Schwelle liegt bei einigen hundert Besuchern pro Tag und Standort.[ In der Calanque de Sugiton sind die Auswirkungen auf die Flora durch wiederholtes Betreten und die dadurch verursachte Bodenerosion unübersehbar. Diese touristische Überlastung existiert aber auch an leicht zugänglichen Kletter-, Tauch- und Bootsankerplätzen.

 

Didier Réault, der Präsident des Nationalparks Calanques, sprach sich für die Regulierung der Besucherströme aus, nicht für ein Zutrittsverbot, und entschied sich für eine Organisationslogistik der „geringsten Auswirkungen“. Um Autos, Motorräder und Boote zurückzudrängen, beschloss die Nationalparkführung unter anderem die Einführung einer Besucherquote für die Calanque de Sugiton, die am stärksten von der Überfüllung betroffen ist.

 

Aktivitäten

 

Wegen Brandgefahr ist der Zugang zum Massif des Calanques vom 1. Juni bis zum 30. September reglementiert (eingeschränkter Zugang bei großer Hitze, vollständiges Verbot bei Wind usw.). Per prefektoralem Erlass werden Dauer und Art der Verbote festgelegt. Diese werden täglich an die Wetterlage angepasst und auf der Website des Nationalparks veröffentlicht.

 

Obwohl das Massif des Calanques am Meer liegt, birgt es ähnliche Risiken wie Bergwanderungen. Die Wege sind steil, teilweise sehr ausgesetzt und somit riskant für ungeübte Wanderer. Starker Mistral beinhaltet das Risiko bei Böen, das Gleichgewicht zu verlieren, was insbesondere auf Bergrücken und entlang exponierter Pfade gefährlich ist. Wegen der vielen Spaziergänger und Wanderer ist der Boden aus Kalksteinfelsen von den zahlreichen Passagen häufig wie poliert und sehr rutschig.

 

Als Standardwanderausrüstung wird folgendes empfohlen: gute Wander- oder Trailschuhe, Kopfbedeckung und Sonnencreme (mindestens Lichtschutzfaktor 30 und 50+ für Kinder), Sonnenbrille (100 % UV-Filter und polarisierend), Mobiltelefon, Verpflegung und vor allem Wasser. Im Massif des Calanques gibt es kaum Schatten. Die Mitnahme von 1,5 l Wasser pro Person ist die Basismenge. Jeder Person sollte noch mindestens 0,5 Liter Wasser pro Wanderstunde mitnehmen. Einige Wasserstellen wurden in den Randgebieten des Massivs eingerichtet wie an der Schranke von Luminy, dem Parkplatz von La Cayolle, bei der Busendhaltestelle Madrague de Montredon und am Start des GR 51-98. Vorhandenes Oberflächenwasser ist generell ungenießbar (wie z. B. Grand Malvallon, Fontaine de Voire).

 

Das Massiv kann auf mehrere Routen von West nach Ost, d. h. von der Calanque de Callelongue bis nach Cassis durchquert werden.

 

Um alle Calanques so nah wie möglich am Meer zu durchwandern, sind 12 Stunden zu veranschlagen bei einer Weglänge von 28 km.

 

Der direktere Fernwanderweg GR 51-98 erfordert 6,5 Stunden effektive Gehzeit bei eine Länge von 21 km bis Port-Miou, inklusive 1000 m positivem Höhenunterschied.

 

Wanderwege und Gehzeiten zu den Calanques sind etwa:[16]

 

Callelongue → Marseilleveyre (50 min), les Queyrons (1 h) und Podestat (1h 15 min);

Col de Sormiou → l’Escu (1 h);

La Cayolle → Sormiou (1 h) und l’Escu (1 h 20 min);

Les Baumettes → Morgiou (1 h) und Sormiou (50 min);

Luminy → Sugiton (55min) und Morgiou (50 min);

La Gineste / La Gardiole → En-vau (2 h) und Port-miou (1 h 50 min);

Halbinsel Cassis → Port-miou (5 min), Port-pin (25 min), En-vau (1 h 10 min).

 

Klettern

 

In den Calanques wird seit über 100 Jahren geklettert. Im Jahre 2004 gab es in der Calanques 3.436 gut dokumentierte Kletterrouten (2.440 Sport- und 996 Abenteuerrouten). Mit meist einfachen Zugängen und einem zu jeder Jahreszeit günstigen Klima sind die Calanques heute eines der bekanntesten und beliebtesten Klettergebiete in Frankreich und Europa. In der wirtschaftlichen Entwicklung des Departements Bouches-du-Rhône sind Natursportarten nicht berücksichtigt. Im Nationalpark Calanques werden Kletterer nicht mit „offenen Armen“ empfangen, da die Felsen der Calanques eine außergewöhnliche Biodiversität besitzen. Klettern ist mit größtem Respekt vor der Natur auszuüben. Die Gründung des Nationalparks führte zu einem Verbot der Erschließung neuer Routen und zu Maßnahmen zum Schutze der Fauna und Flora. Die Nationalparkverwaltung bittet, definierte Zugangswege nicht zu verlassen und Betretungsverbote zu Nistklippen einzuhalten.

 

Die Anfänge des Kletterns

 

Der Gipfel der Grande Candelle wurde erstmals 1879 von dem britischen Konsul Francis W. Mark bestiegen. Damit begann die Erschließung der Calanques durch lokale Bergsteiger. Diese sahen aber in den Felsen und Türmen nur ein Trainingsgebiet für die Alpen. Ab Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts wurden die entlegenen Orte erkundet wie das Val Vierge oder die Calanque de Devenson, und die wichtigsten Gipfel und Nadeln wurden bestiegen: Rocher des Goudes (1900), Aiguille de Sugiton (1903), Aiguille de Sormiou (1904). In den 1920er Jahren wurden erste große Routen entlang von Graten eröffnet, wie l’Arête de Marseille an der Grande Candelle (April 1927) oder am Rocher Saint-Michel l’Arête de la cordée (Februar 1928).

 

Die Erschließung des Gebietes

 

Erst durch die Einführung besserer Sicherungsmittel (Felshaken) wurden Routen durch die Felswände eröffnet. Ab den 1930er Jahren erschlossen Kletterer aus Marseille wie Édouard Frendo (1910–1968) immer schwierigere Routen. Der Schwierigkeitsgrad VI wurde in den Calanques erst 1938 von Duchier und Charles Magol mit der Nordwest-Wand des Rocher des Goudes erreicht. In den folgenden zwei Jahrzehnten wurde die Entwicklung des Kletterns in den Calanques von Gaston Rébuffat (1921–1985) und Georges Livanos (1923–2007) entscheidend mitgeprägt, wobei Livanos, genannt „Le Grec“, etwa 400 Routen in den Calanques erstbeging. Beide haben auch das Klettern im gesamten Alpenraum beeinflusst. Mit einer Mischung und freier Kletterei und technischer Kletterei wurden in praktisch allen Felswänden mehrere Routen eröffnet.[ Ein gutes Beispiel für diese Art Route ist der Éperon des Américains in der Calanque d'En-Vau, 1963 erstbegangen durch die amerikanischen Kletterer Gary Hemming, Royal Robbins und John Harlin. Mit den Jahren, im Geiste der Direttissimas, nahm der Anteil technischer Kletterei an den Routen immer mehr zu. Höhepunkt der technischen Kletterei wurde 1966 durch Mark Vaucher und Le Grec mit der Begehung der Directissime de la Concave erreicht.

 

Die Zeit des Sportkletterns

 

Bernard Vaucher konstatierte, dass während der 1970er Jahre die Calanques eine untergeordnete Rolle in der Entwicklung des Kletterns eingenommen haben. Die angesagten Klettergebiete dieser Zeit waren das Klettergebiet Verdonschlucht, Buoux im Luberon und Deux Aiguilles am Fuße des Montagne Sainte-Victoire. Die Calanques-Kletterer wie Francois Guillot, Claude Cassin oder Joel Coqueugniot eröffneten schwere und schlecht gesicherte Abenteuer-Routen („terrain aventure“) an schwer zugänglichen Felsen wie der Sektor La Bidule an der Halbinsel Castelvieil oder Coryphène.

 

Ende der 1970er Jahre und in den 1980er Jahren wurden sehr viele Routen mit Hilfe von Bohrhaken für das Sportklettern eingerichtet und der Ruf der Calanques verbreitete sich in Frankreich und Europa. Immer schwierigere Freikletterrouten wurden erstbegangen wie Patrick Edlingers „Nymphodalle“ (7c) von 1979 bis hin zu François Legrands „Robi in The Sky“ (9a) von 2000. Ganz im Sinne der Zeit wurden Routen durch alle großen Grotten (La Grotte d’Ours, la Grotte de l’Ermite und das Paroi des Toits) eingerichtet und frei geklettert. Die Erschließung neuer Routen setzte sich in den folgenden Jahrzehnten fort, finanziert von Vereinen und den Gemeinden. Heute gilt an vielen Felsen ein Erschließungsverbot.

 

Freizeitschifffahrt, Seekajak und Bootstouren

 

Die vom Meer aus leicht zugänglichen Calanques sind häufig von Besuchern überlaufen. Um vor allem die Auswirkungen von Motorbooten auf Flora und Fauna zu begrenzen, ist der Zugang zu den Calanques vom Wasser aus reglementiert. Jeder gewerbliche wie auch private Bootsvermieter benötigt eine Genehmigung der Parkverwaltung. Diese stellt fünf Genehmigungen pro Jahr für private Vermieter aus, beziehungsweise eine dauerhafte Genehmigung für gewerbliche Vermieter. Folgende Einschränkungen sind von Bootseignern und Bootsmietern zu beachten: Nicht in verbotenen Zonen ankern, Verbotszonen für Motorschiffe respektieren, Zugangsbeschränkungen zu den Calanques d’En-Vau, Port-Pin und Port-Miou berücksichtigen, in einem Streifen von 300 m entlang der Küste gilt die Geschwindigkeitsbegrenzung von 5 Knoten.

 

Die Calanques bieten sich wegen der zahlreichen Felsbuchten zum Küstenpaddeln an. Zudem sind einige kleine Höhlen bei ruhigem Wasser mit dem Boot befahrbar, wie z. B. die Grotte Bleue am Eingang zu der Calanque de Morgiou. Bei Seekajaktouren ist auf gute und stabile Wetterverhältnisse zu achten, besonders auf ruhige Windverhältnisse wegen des starken, ablandigen Windes bei Mistral. Schwimmwesten sind Pflicht. An Steilküsten ist nur an wenigen Uferstellen ein Ausstieg möglich. Sonnencreme, Sonnenbrille und eine Kopfbedeckung sowie Trinkwasser und Proviant sind bei längeren Touren unerlässlich. Neoprenschuhe zu tragen ist beim Anlegen in kleinen Buchten sinnvoll, da der Grund oft voller kantiger und spitzer Steine und Seeigel ist. Anlegen ist verboten, wenn der Nationalpark wegen Brandgefahr geschlossen ist.

 

Der Besuch der Calanques kann in Rahmen von Bootstouren unterschiedlicher Dauer und Länge erfolgen, die von Schifffahrtsgesellschaften von Marseille oder Cassis aus angeboten werden.

 

Radfahren und Mountainbiken

 

Die Calanques sind ein beliebtes Gebiet für Mountainbiker. Routenvorschläge werden auf vielen Online-Plattformen angeboten. Die Benutzung von E-Bikes hat in den letzten Jahren stark zugenommen. Seit November 2021 ist Radfahren und Mountainbiken in den Calanques reglementiert. Fahrräder dürfen nur auf einem Netz erlaubter Pisten, Wege und Pfade benutzt werden. Außerhalb dieses Netzes ist das Radfahren verboten. Eine Online-Karte der erlaubten Wege ist verfügbar.

 

Tauchen

 

Der Nationalpark Calanques beherbergt eine vielfältige und artenreiche Unterwasser-Flora und -Fauna. Auch die Vielseitigkeit der Unterwasserlandschaften ist erheblich mit Höhlen, felsigem Grund, Neptungräsern, Korallenriffen und Unterwasserschluchten. Die zahlreichen Wracks in den Gewässern des Nationalparks machen ihn zu einem Hotspot der Unterwasserarchäologie.

 

Tauchen ist im Nationalpark erlaubt, aber reglementiert. Die „Tauchercharta“ und die nautischen Vorschriften zum Schutze der Artenvielfalt müssen eingehalten werden. Die Entnahme von archäologischen Artefakten und Überresten ist verboten. Es ist weiter verboten, in den zwei archäologischen Schutzzonen (ZPR) zu tauchen: im Cousteau-Dreieck vor den Inseln Riou und Plane sowie an der Pointe de la Voile am Cap Morgiou. An vielen Tauchspots sind Bojen am Meeresboden befestigt. Es ist empfohlen diese zu benützen, anstatt Anker zu werfen. Der Zugang zu den Bojen ist frei und kostenlos.

 

In der Calanque de Sormiou entwickelten Jacques-Yves Cousteau („Le Commandant“) und Georges Beuchat die moderne Tauchausrüstung und unternahmen dort ihre ersten Unterwasser-Entdeckungen. Hier wurde das moderne Tauchen geboren.

 

(Wikipedia)

 

Das Massif de Marseilleveyre ist ein zerklüftetes, verkarstetes Bergmassiv südlich von Marseille. Seine spektakulären fjordartigen Buchten sind Teil der Calanques.

 

Geographie

 

Tief eingeschnittene Täler und Schluchten wie das Grand Malvallon, das Vallon de la Mounine oder das Vallon des Aiguilles führen nur nach Regenfällen Wasser in den Bächen auf dem Talgrund. Zahlreiche Höhlen wie die Grotte de l'Ours, die Grotte de l'Eremite oder der Aven Gombault, Karstquellen wie die Fontaine de Voire oder die Fontaine de Brès und bizarre Felsformationen wie der natürliche Steinbogen Les Trois Arches im oberen Malvallon prägen das Massiv. Zahlreiche Wanderwege und Kletterrouten durchziehen die Berge. Der Col de la Selle und der Col des Chèvres östlich bzw. westlich des Sommet de Marseilleveyre ermöglichen die Überschreitung des Bergmassivs in Nord-Süd-Richtung.

 

Toponymie

 

Der Name des Massivs bedeutet Massiv, von dem man Marseille sieht (veyre = okzitanisch 'sehen').

 

Vegetation

 

Die natürlich karge Vegetation wird durch wiederkehrende Waldbrände zusätzlich vermindert. Typische Pflanzen sind die Aleppokiefer, die Garrigue und vereinzelte Pinien und Zypressen. Wälder finden sich fast nur noch am nördlichen Fuß des Massivs und im Bois de la Selle unterhalb des Col de la Selle.

 

Bemerkenswerte Erhebungen

 

Sommet de Marseilleveyre, 432 m, höchster Punkt des Massivs

Béouveyre, 397 m

Tête de l'Homme, 396 m

Tête de la Mounine, 385 m

Sommet Ouest de l'Homme Mort, 374 m

Tête de la Melette, 362 m

Pointe Callot, 346 m

Les Trois Pics, 335 m

Rocher St. Michel, 322 m

Tête du Trou du Chat, 281 m

Rocher des Goudes, 258 m

 

(Wikipedia)

Features from a bound volume of Australian Women's Budget Magazine, dated July-December 1913. Read more on the blog: chronicallysiobhan.wordpress.com/2016/12/07/a-glimpse-int...

1776 features the Navy digital camo with small, hard to read logos, while 911 screams just like a fire truck!

Features

 

* 8 clips and 12 strips

* For work or home offices and entertainment areas

* Organizes and keeps cords out of the way

 

Dimensions: 6.75" h x 3.87" w x 1.05" l, .4 pounds

This eye-catching piece of art features an adorable chimp holding three yellow flowers. The artwork is an ink drawing that has been printed onto watercolor paper, and then hand painted with watercolors by the artist. This portrait is hand signed in pencil by the artist. An art dealer that I had look at this piece told me it is an early piece from the artist (late 1970’s or early 1980’s) making it exceptionally rare. This piece was appraised at $250 retail, so don’t miss out on this steal!

 

Linda Picken is an award-winning artist, named an Honorary Trustee of Ducks Unlimited and recipient of its first Silver Palette and Chisel award. Dozens of her paintings have been selected to help raise funds for conservation. Her art graces the covers of many magazines and catalogs. Her work has also been selected for high-quality collectors’ plate series, greeting cards and numerous other gift items.

 

The hand painted print is double matted, and the outside mat contains hand-woven natural reeds that are dried and flattened. The picture is under glass, and is framed with beautiful and rustic pitted pine that has been stained a deep brown to perfectly compliment the picture. The brown paper backing is slightly tattered, with a small tear to the lower left corner, which is unnoticeable when the picture is hanging. A gold sticker with the artist’s name and previous address/ phone number is affixed to the bottom of the backside. This framed piece of original artwork measures 12 ¼” tall by 10 ¼” wide.