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Canon New Canonnet QL17 from 1969.
Unfortunately the QL-sign on the front is missing..
I have so much analog cameras, most of them are in a very good condition.
So maybe from time to time you see one of my beauties. :)
35mm SLR camera.
Nikon 1982
My mothers camera (well more or less mine now) ;-)
I use it quite a bit when I'm feeling nostalgic.
15-01-2017
Tempo: 1/30 + B
Diaframma: f 11 - 16
Filtro giallo: inseribile con f 11
Lunghezza focale: 105 mm
Inquadratura: doppio mirino a riflessione (verticale e orizz.).
Formato: 120 (6x9 - 6x4,5).
Attacco per scatto flessibile.
Nessuna protez. per doppia exp.
Scheda tecnica:
bencinistory.altervista.org/001%20CAM.%20FERRANIA/04%20sc...
Nikon Df, die neue Vollformat-Spiegelreflexkamera im Retro-Look mit 16 Megapixel-Sensor. Den ausführlichen Bericht gibt's hier:
www.ralfs-foto-bude.de/neuheiten/spiegelreflexkameras/nik...
newest addition to the fold. it was at this point that i realized i have become a collector of sorts - but my excitement is in actually shooting them. this one was bequeathed to me by my friend taj, and looked in great condition aside from the 35mm 2.8 lens attatched to it that would not focus. after some research i found that the electronics in this make of the SL35 series tends to fail more often than not, so i was a bit nervous - but, popped a battery in and the camera appears to be metering fine. ordered a 50mm 1.8 from overseas (which took forever to get here) and we're finally set. the 35mm has been sent out for repair. excited to see what this system can do. beautiful camera.
The Nixie Watch project plods on! Software development begins.
Every project needs to go through this phase, at least in my scheme of handling things.
Here we see the Development Environment of Kings hosting an Atmel ATTiny861 microcontroller (MCU). Just out of shot is my laptop, upon which I wrote software for the MCU that causes it to blink an LED. This is a nice quick way to make sure that I haven't fried the chip and that I've wired everything up properly. For the programmers out there, I consider this step to be the "Hello World" of MCU programming - though this implementation is a bit more sophisticated than it needs to be; the LED blink is driven by a timer interrupt.
This version differs from the IN-14 clock version linked above in that it's all powered by batteries. One of the challenges of designing the watch software will be to set it up so that the MCU draws a minimum of power - not a pressing issue for a clock which is going to be plugged in to a wall socket, but critical for a thing like this which I would like to run for months on a trickle of current.
The little black box in the center right contains 2 AA batteries, which are standing in for the single lithium watch battery which will run the MCU in the real watch. Below it is the display power supply with its own battery. Getting the MCU and display working together is going to be the tricky part. To conserve power, the MCU will run a program that will cause it to immediately shut itself off - but not quite all the way off; it'll be just awake enough to notice when the display power supply fires up. That is, when the watch's wearer presses the button to show the time. At that point the chip will awaken, fetch the time from a crystal-based real time clock chip (not yet wired up), and start showing it on the nixies. When the wearer releases the show-time button, the display power supply will be disconnected and the MCU will notice that, stop trying to display the time, and hibernate again.
Interestingly, if you find such things interesting, this is the way most battery powered computerized widgets work; for instance, games on the Nintendo Game Boy (which I used to program, back when I was younger and even dumber) spend most of their time with the main processor asleep like that. At least they do if they were written well.
After a bit more fiddling I will be able to wire this to the display prototype and it will start being a watch - at least in the functional sense. Trying to wear the prototype on your arm would be like wearing a very geeky buckler.
A cute little rangefinder that has a red dot, and not a Leica. I would not call it a poor man's Leica, but rather a 35mm Holga with a touch of class. The Ektar 44/3.5 from 1955 is a wonderful little Tessar, and luckily both rangefinder and focusing are spot on. Overall it is a lot of fun for little money.
There are only four shutter speeds to worry about, and two of them too slow. But the shutter is super quiet for its lack of energy. The other design fault is the bakelite or plastic bottom plate, otherwise it is a pretty decent all metal construction.
This is Kodak's modification of a Polaroid 195, to test their own integral print materials for the Kodamatic instant-picture system. The modifications added motorized rollers on the bottom (not visible here) and a manually operated "pick" that turns on the motor and pushes the exposed print unit towards the rollers.
It is, to the best of my knowledge, unique. Kodak must have made at two or three of these, but the whereabouts of the other or others is not know.
New Kensington, PA. April 2017.
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If you would like to use THIS picture in any sort of media elsewhere (such as newspaper or article), please send me a Flickrmail or send me an email at natehenderson6@gmail.com
Wilkes-Barre, PA. March 2018.
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If you would like to use THIS picture in any sort of media elsewhere (such as newspaper or article), please send me a Flickrmail or send me an email at natehenderson6@gmail.com
Canon EOS 450 D - EOS Digital Rebel XSi - Canon EF-S 60mm f2.8 Macro USM - Canon Speedlite 430 EX Flash
Devo ringraziare un mio cliente, per questo bellissimo ed inaspettato regalo. Mi piace molto questa fotocamera....
Credo che lunedì comprerò una batteria e un rullino ^_^
Esistono oggetti che sfidano il tempo, per come appaiono a chi li osserva, per il fascino immutabile del metallo e delle linee sobrie, per il valore intrinseco delle caratteristiche tecniche, per la costruzione robusta e di qualità. La Yashica Electro 35 fa parte di questa categoria. Dotata di un fascino metallico e quasi teutonico, con linee sobrie ingentilite dalle stondature di angoli e spigoli. Si tratta di una fotocamera che risale al lontano 1966, erano tempi di dominio incontrastato delle Leica, Contax, Rollei, Zeiss, Voigtlander padrone del mercato e leader tecnologiche indiscusse, ma la Yashica con questa fotocamera stabilì un primato tecnologico per l'epoca. Fu la prima 35 mm con otturatore elettromagnetico a controllo elettronico (da cui deriva il nome Electro) e come se non bastasse dotata di esposizione automatica a priorità dei diaframmi. Il successo immediato di critica e di pubblico, venne non solo per questa pur eclatante innovazione, ma per la costruzione robusta di alto livello qualitativo, per la sobria bellezza dell'oggetto, per le prestazioni e per l'ottica fissa di livelli elevatissimi, lo Yashinon 45mm f/1,7 , il suo vero punto di forza. La fotocamera era offerta a un prezzo equivalente a poco più di 250 Euro attuali, per queste ragioni divenne una delle best seller degli anni '70. L'otturatore della Electro 35, progettato e costruito dalla Copal su specifiche Yashica, scatta su tempi da 30 a 1/500 di sec più la posa B, la Electro 35 del '66 gestiva solo flash a lampadina, ma già dalle versioni successive poteva pilotare anche flash elettronici (sincro X). L'altra caratteristica di rilievo è l'esposizione automatica, l'esposimetro sulla Electro 35 è al selenio, montato sul frontale della fotocamera all'interno di una finestrella affiancata a quella del telemetro, il fotografo regola il diaframma sulla relativa ghiera dell'obiettivo, il sistema esposimetrico provvede a regolare di conseguenza il tempo, con i LED luminosi rosso per sottoesposizione giallo per sovraesposizione, che indicano come regolare il diaframma, l'esposizione corretta è raggiunta quando entrambi sono spenti. Le sensibilità della pellicola selezionabili sono da 25 a 1000 ASA.
La Yashica Electro 35 può montare, avvitati sull'obiettivo fisso 45 mm f1.7, due aggiuntivi ottici, uno grandangolare e uno tele, che incrementa la focale a 58.4 mm, più interessante è l'aggiuntivo grandangolare che porta a 37.7 mm la focale. L'obiettivo della Electro 35 è fisso, lo Yashinon 45mm f1.7 la composizione ottica è di 6 elementi in 4 gruppi, con massima chiusura a f16, la distanza minima di messa a fuoco è di 0,8 m e la focheggiatura è affidata a un mirino con telemetro molto luminoso e preciso.
L'EVOLUZIONE DELLA YASHICA ELECTRO 35
Da quel rivoluzionario modello del '66, si susseguono negli anni '70 altre versioni con varie modifiche, la prima è la Electro 35 G del 1968, cui segue nel '69 la GT con finiture esterne in nero satinato. La G e la GT, in questi anni di esplosione delle pellicole a colori, presentano miglioramenti dell'ottica, corretta e ottimizzata nella messa a fuoco e in funzione del colore, ma l'impianto di base rimane immutato. La terza generazione della Electro 35 nel 1970 è la GS, apparentemente nulla di nuovo, infatti le modifiche sostanziali sono tutte nell'elettronica. La Yashica, per prevenire l'ossidazione dei componenti elettrici e dei relativi contatti, li ha placcati in oro migliorando oltre alla durata anche i flussi elettrici, non per niente la GS viene pubblicizzata con l'appellativo di "Gold mechanica". Inoltre come per alcune fotocamere reflex, il manettino di riavvolgimento con questo modello ha anche funzione di sblocco del dorso. Le stesse modifiche della GS, con finitura esterna in metallo lucidato, sono implementate sulla GT con finitura nero satinato. Le Yashica GS e GT, sono le ultime Electro 35 costruite con componenti prodotte in Giappone e assemblate a Hong Kong, mentre l'obiettivo è interamente made in Japan. Nel 1973 è la volta delle Electro 35 GSN e GTN, la prima in metallo lucidato, la seconda laccata nera. A parte l'estetica sono identiche, con l'introduzione della slitta flash a contatto caldo, per controllo sincro X del flash, con in più un migliorato sistema di sblocco del dorso. Nel 1975 con la MG-1 l'esposimetro al selenio sul frontale, a fianco alla finestrella del telemetro, viene sostituito da un piccolo sensore sulla montatura della lente anteriore, con il vantaggio di letture più precise ed affidabili. L'obiettivo è un 45 mm, ha 5 elementi in quattro gruppi, con massima apertura a f2,8. Le sensibilità impostabili sono da 25 a 1600 ASA. La MG-1 del 1975, ha il sensore dell'esposimetro posizionato nella montatura della lente frontale sull'obiettivo. Dello stesso periodo è l'ultima variante delle serie G e GL, con l'introduzione di un obiettivo 40 mm f1.7, più adatto a paesaggi e foto d'ambiente, che al ritratto. Il logo AE/AF sul corpo macchina, sta per Auto Exposure/Auto Flash. Inoltre i LED dell'esposimetro, sono più elegantemente incorniciati in un elemento circolare, sempre sulla calotta, e una levetta sull'obiettivo attiva l'autoscatto con ritardo di 8 secondi.
LE BATTERIE AL MERCURIO INTROVABILI, PROBLEMA RISOLTO
Molte fotocamere degli anni '60-'70 possono essere "resuscitate", anche non potendo più trovare le originali batterie al mercurio, ora messe al bando per motivi di difesa ambientale. La soluzione sono alcune pile alcaline, di formato e tensione in Volt leggermente diversi. Nel caso della Electro 35 le originali PX32 5,6 V ora messe al bando, possono essere sostituite dalla A32PX 6 V alcalina. La figura sotto spiega meglio di ogni discorso come usarla, dato che diametro e lunghezza non sono conformi al vano batteria della Electro 35, basta un pò di carta per aumentare il diametro e una molla da ferramenta per chiudere il contatto elettrico.
YASHICA ELECTRO 35 GT basic slow/over function and timer shutter.
Manufactured by VEB Kamera-Werke Niedersedlitz, Dresden, East Germany
Model: c.1958, Model FX-A type 6, (FX-A models produced between 1954-58)
as to Alberto Taccheo
35 mm film SLR camera
Engravings on the top plate: KW logo and Germany,
Reliefs on the back cover leatherette: Praktina and 1 in a diamond shape drawing
Diaphgram control mechanism is suitable for the semi-automatic lenses
Lens: Jena Pancolar 50 mm f/2 , 6 elements in 4 groups, automatic diaphragm,
w/ a DOF prewiev lever on the lens, Praktina bayonet breech-lock mount, releases by a milled ring on the lens mount, when installing the red index mark on the DOF scale must be upper most, silver finish, filter thread 49mm, serial no.5471922
Aperture: f/2-f/22, half stop clicks, setting ring and dial on the lens
Focusing: by field lens with split image rangefinder, via a ring on the lens, w/ DOF scale
Focus range: 0.5-15m +inf
Shutter: cloth focal-plane shutter, horizontally travelling, speeds: 1-1/1000 +B,
setting dial: beneath the winding knob
Shutter release: obliquely mounted, on front-right of the camera, w/ cable release socket
Mirror: not instant return
Viewfinder: eye level SLR pentaprism, (interchangeable with finder hood, magnifier viewfinder, metered finder, field lens reflex finder (free from parallax)
Finder release lever: on lower side of the lens mount with A (open) and Z (locked) markings
Newton telescopic direct optical finder: independent of the SLR system, built-in,
small eye-piece on the left-back of the top plate, and a finder window on the front of the top plate.
This feature of the camera provides extremely bright image and permits good eveluation of the picture area in poorly lighted conditions that field lens does not show a sufficiently distinct image. It is also a valuable supplement to the finder hood in sport snapshooting
Cocking knob: also winds the film, on the right of the top plate
Frame counter: coupled with cocking knob, advance type
Re-winding knob: on the left side of the top plate
Re-wind release: a button on the bottom plate
Film sprocket spool silver type, Film take up spool double-slotted
Exposure meter: none
Flash PC socket: two for X and F, (relief marks on the leatherette), synch.1/25, 1/50
Cold-shoe: none
Memory dial: DIN/ASA and film type, beneath the re-winding knob, (DIN 9-27, ASA 5-320)
Self-timer
Back cover: removable, via a latch on the left side of the camera
Tripod socket: old type 3/8'' with 1/4'' adapter screw
Motor drive socket: on the bottom plate
Strap lugs
serial no. 67448 (in the film casette chamber)
+ UV filter, 49mm, special silver finish for the lens, no brand name
the Jena Pancolar came with this camera but,
This lens is Automatic Spring Blende type and it fits and focuses on this camera but its diafragm does not auto-work properly on FX-A model Praktinas, it is made for Praktina IIA which its internal diapfragm control pin moves bacward when the shutter depressed and then moves forward for full aperture viewing, a fully automatic feature.
FX-A models need the Semi-automatic Spring Blende type of lenses that diaphragm closes to the setting automatically when the shutter release is depressed that the internal pin in the body moves forward and must be reloaded manually to full aperture after each exposure with a special lever.
My solution: simply removal the pin on the lens !..
The Praktina was a 35mm system-SLR specialy developed for the international markets and professional use. Praktina has serious historical importance and it is a milestone in the development of the 35mm SLR.
Praktinas are the first cameras of full interchangeability that have interchangeable lenses from 35 to 500mm, viewfinders and many accessories including motor drive.
Praktinas were the first SLR in the camera's world that have the internal diaphragm control.
There are various brand names for the export Praktinas such as Corbina, Hexacon Supreme and Porst reflex.
The lenses made for export, were marked from 1954 with different engravings.
The brand name Carl Zeiss Jena is replaced by C.Z. Jena or Jena or aus Jena.
The lens names Biotar, Biometar, Sonnar, Tessar, Triotar were replaced by the letter B, Bm, S, T, Tr.
Electronics department at Blackwood, NJ Kmart. I remember this department would usually be in the back by the Grille when it was there.
two cover illustrations for the official business and lifestyle magazine of the johannesburg stock exchange on consumer electronics and city planning. / august 2012
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For more information about this project:
www.montgomerycountymd.gov/content/dep/solidwaste/facilit...
Local: Porto Belo - Condomínio Aeronáutico Costa Esmeralda (SDEN)
Data: 16.Nov.2013
Matrícula: PT-MDS
Operador: Particular
Fabricante/Modelo: Cirrus SR20
Serial Number: 1234
Matrículas anteriores: N394JS
Ano de fabricação: 2002
Yes, an actual Olympus ZUIKO lens on this plastic camera! The AFL cost as much as an SLR body back in the day. But . . . it was designed and built to have hard-wired Lithium batteries for power. Hard-wired as in non-interchangeable - ever. So you had a limited number of rolls of film you could use and then . . . go buy another Olympus! Or not. Hey, Olympus engineers, ever hear of AA Alkalines?
My Olympus 45m f/1.8 M.Zuiko has arrived from Japan! First impression is how small the lens is. Build quality is nice, the manual focus ring is smooth and fit and finish first class. Glass looks nice. Will test it during the weekend. :)
Manufactured by The Zenza Bronica Industries Inc., Tokyo, Japan
Model: c. 1978, (produced between 1976-1980)
Medium format SLR film camera, film: 120 roll, picture size: 4.5x6cm
BODY
Lens release: turn the lens clockwise when pressing the knob on the left lower front of the camera; the knob has a safety lock; the lens can be changed only when the shutter is cocked on the camera and on the lens
Focusing: via matte ground glass screen with central bright area and fulll-area Fresnel lens, ring and scale on the lens, screen interchangeable by a lever under the finder
Shutter: Seiko electronically controlled leaf shutter on the lens,
speeds: 8-1/500 setting: knob and scale window on the left of the camera
Mechanical control: speed 1/500, wo/battery
Time exposure: Self-timer, via a lever on the lens
Shutter release: knob on the lower right front of the camera, w/ a safety lock
Cable release socket: on the lower left of the camera
Cocking lever: folding crank, also winds the film, double exposure prevention, on the right side of the camera; it is not work without the film in the camera
Frame counter: advance type, auto reset, window on the magazine
Multiple exposure lever: on the right upper side of the camera
Mirror: not instant return, cocking the camera is necessary for the mirror return
Viewfinder: Waist level finder, interchangeable, w/ a magnifier lens, also interchangeable; deteaches by a small knob on the left top of the camera
Flash PC socket: on the upper left front of the camera, w/a cap, synch. for X all speeds
Hot-shoe: none
Accessory shoe: on the left side of the camera, stamping on it: Zenza Bronica
Memory insert: on the back of the magazine
Back cover: as a film magazine, interchangeable, deteaches by a small knob on the left lower side of the camera, only when the dark slide is in the camera
Dark slide: in a slot on the right side of the camera; when it is on the camera shutter can not be cocked, and the film magazine can be detached; when it is out of the camera shutter works. The dark slide is necessary to prevent the film from light when magazine changing
Film magazine: interchangeable, detaches by a small black knob on the lower left of the camera, the shutter must be cocked before changing the magazine; its backcover opens by the two levers on top of it
Film loading: open the magazine cover and remove the film holder part with special holder shafts, load the film and put it back then slightly turn the manual winding folding lever on the right side of the magazine until film starting point mark of the film is alligned the triangular start mark on the film holder, close the magazine cover then turn the cocking crank until the number one is visible in frame counter window.
Stamping on the bottom plate: Zenza Bronica Japan
Speed-grip shutter release connection, Motor drive contacts, flash synch contact sockets on the special part of the bottom plate
Tripod socket: 1/4'', on the special part of the bottom plate
Strap knobs
Body: metallic, Weight: 943g
Battery: 6v silver oxide or Alkaline 4LR44, etc.
Battery test: small green led on top left of the camera and a button beneath it
Battery chamber: on the bottom plate
On/off switch: none
serial no. B5127513
LENS:
Zenzanon MC 75mm f/2.8 with Seiko central leaf shutter, eletronically controlled by the body, 5 elements in 4 groups, multi-coated, (equivalent with 35mm is 46mm)
Mount: special Bronica mount, filter thread: 58mm serial no. 7713845
Focus range: 2-30m +inf
Aperture: f/2.8-f/22, setting: ring and scale on the lens, w/DOF preview plunger
Fully automatic instant re-opening diaphragm
Time exposure lever on the lens, set to T, otherwise setting must be at A
Weight: 426g
Zenza Bonica ETR is an advanced, compact, modular SLR system camera with a vast array of finders, backs, and other accessories. 17 lenses with leaf shutters were made for the system from a fisheye, to four different zooms, to a 500mm super telephoto, to a unique 55mm tilt shift lens. There is in chrome version also.
Zenza Bronica was a Japanese brand of professional medium-format roll-film cameras. Over a period of 47 years, the company produced a variety of SLR and rangefinder designs.
Bronica SLR cameras were mainstays of wedding and portrait photographers for many years, and their relative affordability made them popular with amateur photographers as well. Secondhand Bronica cameras are still widely used by professional and serious amateur photographers.
Bronica cameras first appeared in 1958, when its founder, Zenzaburo Yoshino, introduced a camera of his own design, the Bronica Z. Tamron, a large Japanese lens manufacturer and a supplier of lens elements, eventually acquired Zenza Bronica Ltd.
More info:
Camerapedia, Corsopolaris by Massimo Bertacchi, manual in Butkus org
Mercedes SLS AMG Coupe Electric Drive
With the new Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive, Mercedes-AMG is entering a new era: the locally emission-free super sports car featuring advanced technology from the world of Formula 1 is the most exclusive and dynamic way in which to drive an electric car. The most powerful AMG high-performance vehicle of all time has four electric motors producing a total output of 552 kW and a maximum torque of 1000 Nm. As a result, the gullwing model has become the world's fastest electrically-powered series production vehicle: the Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive accelerates from zero to 100 km/h in 3.9 seconds.
A new dimension of driving performance - a convincing synonym for the AMG brand promise are the outstanding driving dynamics which come courtesy of AMG Torque Dynamics as well as torque distribution to individual wheels, which is made possible by means of wheel-selective all-wheel drive. The most "electrifying" gullwing model ever has been developed in-house by Mercedes-AMG GmbH. The high-voltage battery for the SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive is the result of cooperation between Mercedes-AMG and Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrains in Brixworth (GB). This is an area in which the British Formula 1 experts were able to contribute their extensive know-how with KERS hybrid concepts.
"The SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive is setting new standards for cars with electric drives. As the most powerful gullwing model ever, it is also representative of the enduring innovational strength of Mercedes-AMG. Our vision of the most dynamic electric vehicle has become a reality. With the help of our colleagues at Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrains in Brixworth, we are bringing exciting advanced technology from the world of Formula 1 to the road", according to Ola Källenius, Chairman of the Board of Management of Mercedes-AMG GmbH.
Mercedes SLS AMG Coupe Electric Drive (2014)
2014 Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupe Electric Drive
Pioneering, visionary, electrifying: the powerful and locally emission-free super sports car with electric drive also embodies the development competence of Mercedes-AMG GmbH. With this innovative and unique drive solution, AMG - as the performance brand of Mercedes-Benz - is demonstrating its technological leadership in this segment. The Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive is aimed at technology-minded super sports car fans who are open to new ideas and enthusiastic about ambitious high-tech solutions for the future of motoring.
Enormous thrust thanks to 1000 Nm of torque
The pioneering drive package in the SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive is impressive and guarantees a completely innovative and electrifying driving experience: enormous thrust comes courtesy of four synchronous electric motors providing a combined maximum output of 552 kW and maximum torque of 1000 Nm. The very special gullwing model accelerates from zero to 100 km/h in 3.9 seconds, and can reach a top speed of 250 km/h (electronically limited). The agile response to accelerator pedal input and the linear power output provide pure excitement: unlike with a combustion engine, the build-up of torque is instantaneous with electric motors - maximum torque is effectively available from a standstill. The spontaneous build-up of torque and the forceful power delivery without any interruption of tractive power are combined with completely vibration-free engine running characteristics.
The four compact permanent-magnet synchronous electric motors, each weighing 45 kg, achieve a maximum individual speed of 13,000 rpm and in each case drive the 4 wheels selectively via a axially-arranged transmission design. This enables the unique distribution of torque to individual wheels, which would normally only be possible with wheel hub motors which have the disadvantage of generating considerable unsprung masses.
Powerful, voluminous, dynamic, emotional and authentic: the characteristic sound of the Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive embodies the sound of the 21st century. After an elaborate series of tests as well as numerous test drives, the AMG experts have created a sound which captures the exceptional dynamism of this unique super sports car with electric drive. Starting with a characteristic start-up sound, which rings out on pressing the "Power" button on the AMG DRIVE UNIT, the occupants can experience a tailor-made driving sound for each driving situation: incredibly dynamic when accelerating, subdued when cruising and as equally characteristic during recuperation. The sound is not only dependent on road speed, engine speed and load conditions, but also reflects the driving situation and the vehicle's operating state with a suitable driving noise. Perfect feedback for the driver is guaranteed thanks to a combination of the composed sound, the use of the vehicle's existing inherent noises and the elimination of background noise - this is referred to by the experts as "sound cleaning". The impressive sound comes courtesy of the standard sound system with eleven loudspeakers.
Advanced Formula 1 technology: high-voltage lithium-ion battery
Battery efficiency, performance and weight: in all three areas Mercedes-AMG is setting new standards. The high-voltage battery in the SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive boasts an energy content of 60 kWh, an electric load potential of 600 kW and weighs 548 kg - all of which are absolute best values in the automotive sector. The liquid-cooled lithium-ion high-voltage battery features a modular design and a maximum voltage of 400 V.
Advanced technology and know-how from the world of Formula 1 have been called on during both the development and production stages: the battery is the first result of the cooperation between Mercedes-AMG GmbH in Affalterbach and Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrains Ltd. Headquartered in Brixworth in England, the company has been working closely with Mercedes-AMG for a number of years. F1 engine experts have benefited from its extensive expertise with the KERS hybrid concept, which made its debut in the 2009 Formula 1 season. At the Hungarian Grand Prix in 2009, Lewis Hamilton achieved the first historic victory for a Formula 1 vehicle featuring KERS hybrid technology in the form of the Mercedes-Benz KER System. Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrains supplies the Formula 1 teams MERCEDES AMG PETRONAS, Vodafone McLaren Mercedes and Sahara Force India with Mercedes V8 engines and the KERS.
The high-voltage battery consists of 12 modules each comprising 72 lithium-ion cells. This optimised arrangement of a total of 864 cells has benefits not only in terms of best use of the installation space, but also in terms of performance. One technical feature is the intelligent parallel circuit of the individual battery modules - this helps to maximise the safety, reliability and service life of the battery. As in Formula 1, the battery is charged by means of targeted recuperation during deceleration whilst the car is being driven.
High-performance control as well as effective cooling of all components
A high-performance electronic control system converts the direct current from the high-voltage battery into the three-phase alternating current which is required for the synchronous motors and regulates the energy flow for all operating conditions. Two low-temperature cooling circuits ensure that the four electric motors and the power electronics are maintained at an even operating temperature. A separate low-temperature circuit is responsible for cooling the high-voltage lithium-ion battery. In low external temperatures, the battery is quickly brought up to optimum operating temperature with the aid of an electric heating element. In extremely high external temperatures, the cooling circuit for the battery can be additionally boosted with the aid of the air conditioning. This also helps to preserve the overall service life of the battery system.
Quick charge function via special wall box
Ideally the Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive is charged with the aid of a so-called wall box. Installed in a home garage, this technology provides a 22 kW quick-charge function, which is the same as the charging performance available at a public charging station. A high-voltage power cable is used to connect the vehicle to the wall box, and enables charging to take place in around three hours. Without the wall box, charging takes around 20 hours. The wall box is provided as an optional extra from Mercedes-AMG in cooperation with SPX and KEBA, two suppliers of innovative electric charging infrastructures for the automotive industry.
Eight-stage design for maximum safety
To ensure maximum safety, the SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive makes use of an eight-stage safety design. This comprises the following features:
•all high-voltage cables are colour-coded in orange to prevent confusion
•comprehensive contact protection for the entire high-voltage system
•the lithium-ion battery is liquid-cooled and accommodated in a high-strength aluminium housing within the carbon-fibre zero-intrusion cell
•conductive separation of the high-voltage and low-voltage networks within the vehicle and integration of an interlock switch
•active and passive discharging of the high-voltage system when the ignition is switched to "off"
•in the event of an accident, the high-voltage system is switched off within fractions of a second
•continuous monitoring of the high-voltage system for short circuits with potential compensation and insulation monitors
•redundant monitoring function for the all-wheel drive system with torque control for individual wheels, via several control units using a variety of software
By using this design, Mercedes-AMG ensures maximum safety during production of the vehicle and also during maintenance and repair work. Of course the Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive also meets all of the statutory and internal Mercedes crash test requirements.
All-wheel drive with AMG Torque Dynamics enables new levels of freedom
Four motors, four wheels - the intelligent and permanent all-wheel drive of the SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive guarantees driving dynamics at the highest level, while at the same time providing the best possible active safety. Optimum traction of the four driven wheels is therefore ensured, whatever the weather conditions. According to the developers, the term "Torque Dynamics" refers to individual control of the electric motors, something which enables completely new levels of freedom to be achieved. The AMG Torque Dynamics feature is permanently active and allows for selective distribution of forces for each individual wheel. The intelligent distribution of drive torque greatly benefits driving dynamics, handling, driving safety and ride comfort. Each individual wheel can be both electrically driven and electrically braked, depending on the driving conditions, thus helping to
•optimise the vehicle's cornering properties,
•reduce the tendency to oversteer/understeer,
•increase the yaw damping of the basic vehicle,
•reduce the steering effort and steering angle required,
•increase traction,
•and minimise ESP® and ASR intervention.
The AMG Torque Dynamics feature boasts a great deal of variability and individuality by offering three different transmission modes:
•Comfort (C): comfortable, forgiving driving characteristics
•Sport (S): sporty, balanced driving characteristics
•Sport plus (S+): sporty, agile driving characteristics
AMG Torque Dynamics enables optimum use of the adhesion potential between the tyres and the road surface in all driving conditions. The technology allows maximum levels of freedom and as such optimum use of the critical limits of the vehicle's driving dynamics. Outstanding handling safety is always assured thanks to the two-stage Electronic Stability Program ESP®.
"AMG Lightweight Performance" design strategy
The trailblazing body shell structure of the Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive is part of the ambitious "AMG Lightweight Performance" design strategy. The battery is located within a carbon-fibre monocoque which forms an integral part of the gullwing model and acts as its "spine". The monocoque housing is firmly bolted and bonded to the aluminium spaceframe body. The fibre composite materials have their roots in the world of Formula 1, among other areas. The advantages of CFRP (carbon-fibre reinforced plastic) were exploited by the Mercedes-AMG engineers in the design of the monocoque. These include their high strength, which makes it possible to create extremely rigid structures in terms of torsion and bending, excellent crash performance and low weight. Carbon-fibre components are up to 50 percent lighter than comparable steel ones, yet retain the same level of stability. Compared with aluminium, the weight saving is still around 30 percent, while the material is considerably thinner. The weight advantages achieved through the carbon-fibre battery monocoque are reflected in the agility of the SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive and, in conjunction with the wheel-selective four-wheel drive system, ensure true driving enjoyment. The carbon-fibre battery monocoque is, in addition, conceived as a "zero intrusion cell" in order to meet the very highest expectations in terms of crash safety. It protects the battery modules inside the vehicle from deformation or damage in the event of a crash.
The basis for CFRP construction is provided by fine carbon fibres, ten times thinner than a human hair. A length of this innovative fibre reaching from here to the moon would weigh a mere 25 grams. Between 1000 and 24,000 of these fibres are used to form individual strands. Machines then weave and sew them into fibre mats several layers thick, which can be moulded into three-dimensional shapes. When injected with liquid synthetic resin, this hardens to give the desired structure its final shape and stability.
Optimum weight distribution and low centre of gravity
The purely electric drive system was factored into the equation as early as the concept phase when the super sports car was being developed. It is ideally packaged for the integration of the high-performance, zero-emission technology: by way of example, the four electric motors and the two transmissions can be positioned as close to the four wheels as possible and very low down in the vehicle. The same applies to the modular high-voltage battery. Advantages of this solution include the vehicle's low centre of gravity and balanced weight distribution - ideal conditions for optimum handling, which the electrically-powered gullwing model shares with its petrol-driven sister model.
New front axle design with pushrod damper struts
The additional front-wheel drive called for a newly designed front axle: unlike the series production vehicle with AMG V8 engine, which has a double wishbone axle, the SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive features an independent multi-link suspension with pushrod damper struts. This is because the vertically-arranged damper struts had to make way for the additional drive shafts. As is usual in a wide variety of racing vehicles, horizontal damper struts are now used, which are operated via separate push rods and transfer levers. Thanks to this sophisticated front-axle design, which has already been tried and tested in the world of motorsport, the agility and driving dynamics of the Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive attain the same high levels as the V8 variant. Another distinguishing feature is the speed-sensitive power steering with rack-and-pinion steering gear: the power assistance is implemented electrohydraulically rather than just hydraulically.
AMG ceramic composite brakes for perfect deceleration
The SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive is slowed with the aid of AMG high-performance ceramic composite brakes, which boast direct brake response, a precise actuation point and outstanding fade resistance, even in extreme operating conditions. The over-sized discs - measuring 402 x 39 mm at the front and 360 x 32 mm at the rear - are made of carbon fibre-strengthened ceramic, feature an integral design all round and are connected to an aluminium bowl in a radially floating arrangement.
The ceramic brake discs are 40 percent lighter in weight than the conventional, grey cast iron brake discs. The reduction in unsprung masses not only improves handling dynamics and agility, but also ride comfort and tyre grip. The lower rotating masses at the front axle also ensure a more direct steering response - which is particularly noticeable when taking motorway bends at high speed.
Exclusive, high-quality design and appointments
Visually, the multi-award-winning design of the SLS AMG is combined with a number of specific features which are exclusive to the Electric Drive variant. The front apron has a striking carbon-look CFRP front splitter which generates downforce on the front axle. The radiator grille and adjacent air intakes adorn special areas painted in the vehicle colour and with bionic honeycomb-shaped openings. They are not only a visual highlight but, thanks to their aerodynamically optimised design, also improve air flow over the cooling modules mounted behind them. Darkened headlamps also impart a sense of independence to the front section. Viewed from the side, the "Electric Drive" lettering stands out on the vehicle side, as do the AMG 5-twin-spoke light-alloy wheels with their specific paint design. The SLS AMG Electric Drive comes as standard with 265/35 R 19 tyres on the front and 295/30 R 20 tyres on the rear. The overall look is rounded off to dynamic effect by the new diffuser-look rear apron, and the darkened rear lamps. One feature reserved exclusively for the SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive is the "AMG electricbeam magno" matt paint finish. A choice of five other colours is available at no extra cost.
When the exterior colour AMG electricbeam magno is chosen, the high-quality, sporty interior makes use of this body colour for the contrasting stitching - the stitching co-ordinates perfectly with designo black Exclusive leather appointments. AMG sports seats and numerous carbon-fibre trim elements in the interior underscore the exclusive and dynamic character of what is currently the fastest electric car. Behind the new AMG Performance steering wheel there is a newly designed AMG instrument cluster: instead of a rev counter, there is a power display providing information on the power requirements, recuperation status, transmission modes and battery charge.
AMG Performance Media as standard
The AMG DRIVE UNIT comprises the electronic rotary switch for selecting the three transmission modes of "C" (Controlled Efficiency), "S" (Sport) and "S+" (Sport plus), which the driver can use to specify different performance levels from the electric motors, which in turn also changes the top speed and accelerator pedal response. Behind the buttons for "power" and "ESP On/Off", there are also buttons for AMG Torque Dynamics and AMG Setup.
In addition to carbon-fibre exterior mirrors, AMG carbon-fibre engine compartment cover, COMAND APS, Media Interface, Blind Spot Assist and reversing camera, the standard equipment also includes the AMG Performance Media system. Besides full high-speed mobile internet access, the system provides information on engine performance, lateral and longitudinal acceleration, tyre pressure, vehicle setup and lap times, as well displaying a variety of additional information such as:
•vehicle energy flow
•battery charge status
•burrent range
•AMG Torque Dynamics
•temperatures of the battery and motors
•energy consumption kWh/100 km
The Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive will be celebrating its market launch in 2013. The price in Germany (incl. 19% VAT) will be 416,500 EUR.