eDification photos on Flickr

Ss. Fabian and Sebastian, Woodbastwick, Norfolk by Jelltex

I passed a sign pointing to Woodbastwick every day for five years once posted to Coltishall, and so commuting between there and Oulton Broad via the back roads and Reedham Ferry.

These days I know Woodbastwick as the home of Woodforde's Brewery, makers of fine ales even available in places as far flung as Kent.

I was in the village mainly to buy some fine bottled ales, but then I knew the church was here is usually open, so what could go wrong?

It being locked, or me being unable to open the door, which amounts to the same thing. I am pretty sure it was locked, despite the sign outside claiming otherwise.

So, over to Simon:

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Woodbastwick sits on the edge of one of the loveliest parts of Norfolk - but we had come to it in late winter through the grim flat fields and workaday villages to the east of Norwich, so it was doubly a surprise to arrive suddenly at the pretty village green with its thatched well house, and Sir George Gilbert Scott's tower of St Fabian and St Sebastian beyond. All around are pleasing 19th century estate cottages, some with biblical texts on their frontages. And, this being the Broads, the church was open, as they all seem to be around here - a welcome change from Postwick, Little Plumstead and Great Plumstead.

St Fabian and Sebastian is one of Norfolk's three nationally unique dedications (the others are at Bixley and Little Plumstead) and seems to be a 19th century Anglo-catholic affectation, the two Saints have nothing in common other than a shared feast day, Fabian being an early Pope, and Sebastian the martyr whose life was rather colourfully portrayed by the late Derek Jarman.

Woodbastwick was the home of the Cator family, the Anglo-catholic enthusiasts suggested above, and in the 1870s they paid for a massive rebuilding here. There had been a stump of a tower, and the nave had rather attractive stepped gables, which have been retained, as has much of the window tracery. The budget was a massive £5,000, about a million in today's money; by contrast, the 1890s rebuilding of nearby Great Plumstead cost a mere £1,500, and that was after the rampant inflation of the 1880s.

Scott's tower is pretty rather than massive, and the thatched roofs are very attractive in a sort of Olde Englande way.

Inside, even on this dark day, we could see the glimmer and sparkle of the best that the Anglo-catholic movement had to offer. Rather annoyingly, a security light at the back of the church came on every time one of us moved, going off again five seconds later to plunge the nave back into gloom. It is possible to switch it off during your visit, but I had probably better not suggest this as there is a notice telling you that you shouldn't.

Pretty much everything is renewed. The font went to Salhouse (although the lovely churchwarden at Salhouse said I shouldn't mention this, in case they want it back) and virtually all the woodwork was replaced, although the lower part of the screen is the medieval one, and we found a couple of old benches stacked up in the vestry.

Considering the budget, the glass is not great, considering that that in the chancel is by Clayton and Bell, and that in the nave by Lavers, Barraud and Westlake. It may just be that these attempts to replicate small scale 14th century glass are not as fashionable nowadays as thorough-going Victorian style work like the lovely set in the vestry of St Cecilia, the Virgin Mother of God, and St Catherine, probably also by Clayton and Bell. The reredos is better than any of the glass, I think. Best of all in any case is the superb art nouveau war memorial in the nave, one of the best I've seen in Norfolk.

There are some very good 20th century memorials to the Cator family on the north wall of the nave, and generally this is a well-kept, cherished building that is usually open and welcoming. I liked it a lot.

Simon Knott, February 2005

www.norfolkchurches.co.uk/woodbastwick/index1.html

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At the survey the King had 30 acres of land, 2 acres and a half, a carucate of meadow, valued at 16d. of which a freeman had been deprived; (fn. 1) the Conqueror had also the land of which a socman (of Gert as I take it) had been deprived, viz. 27 acres of land, a carucate and 3 acres of meadow, these Godric his steward took care of. (fn. 2)

This came by a grant from the Crown to the family of Le Veile. (fn. 3) In the 6th of Richard I. Emma, widow of Richard Le Veile, gave 15 marks for liberty to marry whom she would, and to have custody of her heir, and their land during the King's pleasure.

In the 10th of King John, Thomas Le Veile, conveyed by fine 40 acres of land to Walter, son of Robert Briton.

Sir Roger le Veile in the 4th of King Edward I. grants several lands here to his son John, and in Laringsete, &c. reserving an estate for life to himself, and John was returned to have a lordship in the 9th of Edward II.

John Veile, Esq. was living here in the 9th of Henry IV. and in the 6th of Henry VI. William Le Veile died lord of this manor, and of Laringset in Norfolk; and John was his son and heir, aged 16, and John le Veile was lord in the 5th of Edward IV.

Philip Curson, Gent. alderman of Norwich, by his will in 1502, appoints that Agnes his wife should have all her father's lands in this town, called Levyle's, for her life, and all his lands purchased here in Radworth and Sallows, to his son John, and his heirs male.

This Agnes was daughter and heir of John Le Veile, and John Curson and Frances his wife, convey it to John Walpole, Ao. 32 Henry VIII.

The abbey of St. Bennet at Holm, had a lordship at the survey, given as is said, to that convent, by King Edward the Confessor, consisting in King Edward's reign, of one carucate of land, and 20 acres, and 9 villains, one servus, with a carucate in demean, and one among the tenants, 14 acres of meadow, one runcus, and 20 sheep.

Nine socmen had also 46 acres, and a carucate, and 3 acres of meadow, valued at 20s. but at the survey at 40s. It was half a leuca long, and half a one broad, and paid 16d. gelt.

In 1250, the rent of assise of this manor was 41s. 5d. ob. and there were 61 acres of arable land at 4d. per acre. (fn. 4)

In the 15th of Edward I. the abbot had the assise of bread and beer, in the view of the King's bailiff of the hundred, and held the town as part of his barony.

The temporalities of the abbey in 1428, were valued at 10l. 6s. 1d. ob. On the exchange of lands between King Henry VIII. and Bishop Rugg, this manor of Wood Bastwick is not mentioned.

On October 12, 1545, this manor with the rectory, &c. was by way of exchange granted by Bishop Rugg, to John Corbet, Esq. for his manor of Bacon's in Ludham by the King's license; he was also lord of the manor of Le Veile's in this town; and Miles his son had livery of it in the first of Queen Elizabeth. In this family it continued till the death of Sir Thomas Corbet, Bart. who dying without issue, soon after the restoration of Charles II. it came to Elizabeth, one of his sisters, married to Robert Houghton, Esq. of Ranworth; and in 1698, there was an act of parliament to vest the estate of John Houghton, Esq. in Wood-Bastwick in trustees, for payment of his debts.

H. Harbord, Esq. patron in 1740, and lord.

The Church was dedicated to St. Fabian, and was appropriated to the abbey of St. Bennet of Holm, first by William Tarbe Bishop of Norwich, next by Bishop William Raleigh, and after by William de Suffield, Bishop, in 1249, and a vicarage was settled, valued with the appropriated rectory at 12 marks. (fn. 5) Peter-pence 16d. carvage 3d. The present valor is 3l. 6s and is discharged.

In the fourth year of King John, Ralph, abbot of Holm, was petent, Thomas Rydel and Cecilia his wife deforciants, of the 3d part of the advowson of this church, acknowledged to belong to the abbot, who gave to them half a mark of silver.

Ralph Goodwyn in 1518, gave to the edification of the steeple here, 13s. 4d.

Vicars.

In 1311, Henry Syward instituted vicar, presented by the abbot, &c. of Holm.

Thomas Herod, vicar.

1346, Walter Chervile.

1349, Jeffrey Josep, presented by the King, the abbey being void.

1400, John Parys, by the abbot.

On the exchange abovementioned, between Bishop Rugg and Corbet, the impropriated rectory and the patronage of the vicarage came to Corbet.

John Cowper vicar, Ao. 2d Edw. VI. occurs.

William Estwell, vicar,

Andrew Clerk vicar.

Thomas Pott, about 1600.

Benjamin Young, to Wood-Bastwick cum Panxford, by the Bishop.

1736, William Gerard, ditto, on Young's death.

¶Ralph de Beaufoe had a lordship here on the Conquest, of which Godric a freeman was deprived, 4 socmen belonging to Gresham had 7 acres of land, and one villain had 15 acres. Beaufoe had also a grant of the lands of Ulketel and Witheri, 2 freemen of King Herold's, who had 4 socmen, and the moiety of another, and 6 borderers, with 11 acres of land, and one of meadow, and half a carucate, valued in Gresham, and Ulketel held 40 acres of land, and 4 of meadow, valued in the same village of Gresham. (fn. 6) Of this see in Tunstal.

Nicholas Bond aliened to the prior of Beeston, in the 3d of Richard II. 2 messuages, 39 acres of land, 8 of heath, and 57s. rent in Wood Bastwick, Randworth, Panksford, &c.

Carhow priory temporalities were valued at 11s. and 4d. in 1428.

The tenths were 2l. 4s. Deducted 6s. 8d.

www.british-history.ac.uk/topographical-hist-norfolk/vol1...

SUPER EDIFICATIONS by teresa tudó mir

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Icon? 1208311101 by Patrick Feller

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I spent the last three evenings watching the Republican National Convention, more (it turns out) for amusement than for edification.

While standing in line this morning to pick up a birthday card at Walgreens, I was thinking about Clint Eastwood's fifteen minute bit last night, and the reaction to it, so I was surprised, when I glanced up, to see Clint glaring back at me, from the cover of LIFE/ICONS.

Eastwood's performance at the convention had amused and bemused me, while doing nothing to diminish my respect for his talent and my enjoyment of his films.

I can't find a verb for iconoclasty, specifically self-iconoclasty, but there should really be one... and don't try to tell me you can't do that to yourself...

Oh, go ahead. Make my day.

Santo Domingo de la Calzada - le saint dans la cathédrale by antonio 69290

Cette petite ville constitue l'un des joyaux du Camino francés, la partie espagnole du chemin de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle. C'est là que Domingo García, connu sous le nom de Santo Domingo de la Calzada (Viloria de Rioja, province de Burgos, 1019 - † Santo Domingo de la Calzada, La Rioja, 12 mai 1109) entreprit de réaliser une chaussée (calzada) pour permettre aux pèlerins de traverser le terrain marécageux. Le village qui se créa sur les lieux fut ainsi baptisé en hommage au saint.

Source Wikipédia : fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santo_Domingo_de_la_Calzada

Traditionnellement, la création de cet itinéraire est portée au crédit du « saint cantonnier », saint Dominique de la Chaussée.

Né en 1019 (ou 1020) à Viloria de Rioja, non loin de Belorado, Domingo Garcia, plus tard surnommé Domingo de la Calzada, entre jeune dans le monastère bénédictin de Notre Dame de Valvanera, puis est admis dans celui de San Millán de la Cogolla. Cette vie en communauté ne le satisfait pas puisqu'il décide, en 1034, de quitter le confort relatif du monastère pour mener une vie d'ermite. Il s'installe à quelques kilomètres de son village natal, dans les ruines d'une ancienne résidence des rois de Nájera, sur les bords du rio Oja, non loin d'un chemin utilisé dès cette époque par les pèlerins en route pour Compostelle. Le Rio Oja, « qui jamais ne se mouille », a donné son nom à la région de Rioja.

Dominique est certainement sensibilisé par leurs difficultés à traverser à gué le rio Oja au débit capricieux : champ de cailloux à la saison sèche, il peut devenir tumultueux à d'autres moments. En 1039, alors âgé de vingt ans, Dominique rencontre, à Logroño, saint Grégoire, évêque d'Ostie, qui prêche dans la région et le convainc de quitter son ermitage pour donner un but à sa vie : l'amélioration du chemin. Ensemble, ils construisent un premier pont en bois sur le rio Oja en 1044.

Une petite agglomération se crée à proximité du pont en bois ; une modeste église est construite. Des disciples se groupent peu à peu autour de lui, mais il se heurte parfois à l'hostilité des paysans des environs. Ainsi, alors qu'il a besoin de bois pour l'édification d'un hôpital pour pèlerins, les habitants du village voisin de Ayuela n'acceptent de lui donner que ce qu'il pourra couper avec sa serpe. Selon la légende, à chaque coup de serpe, le futur saint réussit à abattre un arbre.

Dans la deuxième moitié du XIe siècle, le pont attire les pèlerins sur cet itinéraire plus court. Comme le royaume de Castille annexe la Rioja en 1076, le pèlerinage se développe. La nouvelle cathédrale dédiée à Saint-Jacques est construite à partir de 1074. Vers 1080, Dominique rebâtit le pont en pierres et trace les routes qui y accèdent. Il fonde le premier établissement en Europe destiné à recevoir les personnes âgées : il deviendra le saint patron des médecins gériatres.

À partir de 1090, ses travaux sont encouragés par Alphonse VI le Vaillant qui souhaite renforcer le contrôle de la Rioja Alta face à la Navarre. Dès lors, Dominique s'occupe de l'ensemble des travaux des ponts et chaussées entre Logroño, où il reconstruit le pont sur l'Ebre avec l'aide de son disciple Juan de Ortega, et Burgos. Il meurt le 12 mai 1109, à l'âge de 90 ans - d'où son nom de Santo Abuelo (le saint grand-père) et demande à être enterré sous le chemin. Le considérant très vite comme saint, la localité qu'il a fondée prend son nom, et construit sur sa tombe un mausolée, ce qui explique que, depuis, la route contourne son tombeau.

Une somptueuse cathédrale s'élève maintenant au milieu de l'agglomération fondée par Dominique dont l'action fut poursuivie au XIIe siècle par son disciple Jean des orties, Juan de Ortega.

Dans son Guide du Pèlerin, Aimery Picaud assure « qu’il construisit lui-même le tronçon de chaussée entre Nàjera et Redecilla del Camino. »

fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemin_de_Compostelle,_les_Saints_b...

Relato del Milagro más famoso de la edad media: El gallo y la gallina

Santo domingo de la Calzada donde cantó la gallina después de asada

El milagro más famoso--de hecho, uno de los más populares de toda la Europa medieval--es la célebre historia de una familia alemana que caminaba hacia Compostela. Al pasar por Santo Domingo se alojaron en un mesón donde la moza de la casa sintió una fuerte atracción el hijo de la familia y se lo hizo saber. Pero el joven resistió los avances de la moza y ésta, humillada y rencorosa, escondió un vaso de plata en el zurrón del peregrino. En cuanto salieron los peregrinos a continuar su camino, ella le acusó de haberle robado el vaso.

Los oficiales de la ciudad prendieron y ahorcaron al romero. Los tristes padres siguieron su romería y, de regreso de Compostela, descubrieron que su hijo seguía vivo en la horca, milagrosamente sostenido y protegido por Santo Domingo. Fueron a decírselo al juez del pueblo, que en aquel momento estaba en la mesa a punto de comer un plato de pollo. Al oír lo que le afirmaban los padres, replicó con ironía: "Esta historia es tan verdadera como que este gallo y esta gallina van a levantarse del plato y cantar." Así lo hicieron las aves, ante el asombro de todos.

La primera parte de esta leyenda, la historia del peregrino ahorcado, se cuenta en muchísimas colecciones medievales de milagros, atribuyéndose el milagroso sostenimiento del romero al mismo Santo Domingo, a Santiago, o a Santa María. El milagro suele situarse en la ciudad francesa de Tolosa; la nacionalidad de la familia varía entre alemana y francesa; pero el milagro siempre es el mismo. Se puede comparar, por ejemplo, las versiones manejadas en los Milagros de Nuestra Señora de Gonzalo de Berceo (milagro número 6), Cantiga de Santa María número 175 de Alfonso X, el sabio, y el Codex Calixtinus. La segunda parte, el prodigio del gallo y la gallina, pretende apoyar la verdad del primer milagro, y es propia de Santo Domingo de la Calzada.

Entrando a la iglesia del pueblo, el peregrino medieval podía ver una caja de hierro que encerraba un gallo y una gallina, descendientes, se afirmaba, de las aves asadas que cantaron. Los peregrinos recogían las plumas caídas de las aves sagradas, o se las pedían al sacristán, y las exhibían, orgullosos, en sus sombreros. Se decía, además, que si las aves comían las migajas de pan que los romeros les subían en las puntas de sus bastones, era una señal cierta de que llegarían salvos a Compostela. Hasta hoy en día los cantos del gallo en la iglesia se considera signo de buen augurio. El peregrino Hermann Künig en el siglo XV afirma haber visto el cuarto donde las aves echaron a cantar y el horno donde fueron asadas. Otros documentos de peregrinos recuerdan que la camisa del peregrino ahorcado se conservaba en la iglesia y que la horca misma estaba puesta en lo alto de una de sus paredes.

Estos artefactos se han perdido, pero el famoso Gallinero de Santo Domingo de la Calzada, sin duda la más curiosa decoración de jamás ha ostentado iglesia del mundo, con su marco gótico tardío y sus rejas doradas, sigue alojando a un gallo y una gallina blancos, descendientes de aquellas aves que cantaron después de asados.

Descent from the Castle... by Perec

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Hacia Malà Strana... Ver: www.viajesyfotografia.com/blog/el-castillo-de-praga-todo-...

También: elqueviajalejos.wordpress.com/2014/05/21/stare-mesto/

Cathédrale Saint-Vincent-de-Saragosse de Saint-Malo / Catedral de São Vicente de Zaragoza Saint-Malo by Hugo Carriço

English

Saint-Malo Cathedral (Cathédrale Saint-Vincent-de-Saragosse de Saint-Malo) is a Roman Catholic cathedral dedicated to Saint Vincent of Saragossa, and a national monument of France, in Saint-Malo, Brittany.

It was formerly the seat of the Bishop of Saint-Malo. This see was created in 1146 when Jean de Châtillon, Bishop of Aleth, transferred his bishopric to the growing town of Saint-Malo on a more secure site across the river. The monastery of Saint Malo, founded in 1108, became the home of the bishopric and its church the new cathedral, replacing Aleth Cathedral.

It was abolished under the Concordat of 1801 and its territory divided between the dioceses of Rennes, Saint-Brieuc and Vannes.

FRENCH

La cathédrale Saint-Vincent-de-Saragosse de Saint-Malo est une ancienne cathédrale catholique romaine dédiée à saint Vincent de Saragosse, situé à Saint-Malo en Bretagne. Son architecture mélange les styles roman et gothique, et elle est classée monument historique de France1.

Elle a été le siège de l'ancien évêché de Saint-Malo depuis l'année 1146. Ce dernier fut supprimé par le concordat de 1801, et son territoire réparti entre les diocèses de Rennes, de Saint-Brieuc et de Vannes.

L'évêché de Saint-Malo fut créé en 1146, lorsque Jean de Châtillon, évêque d'Aleth depuis 1144, transféra son évêché à Saint-Malo, ville en croissance continue à l'époque, qui constituait en outre un site beaucoup plus sûr. Il fallut attendre 1146 et l'agrément du pape Eugène III, pour que le transfert puisse s'effectuer. Le monastère de Saint-Malo, fondé en 1108, devint la résidence de l'évêque et son église monastique devint cathédrale, remplaçant ainsi la cathédrale Saint-Pierre d'Aleth. Des transformations furent réalisées dont l'édification du chœur, ce qui en fit un monument totalement de style roman.

De cet édifice de style roman du XIIe siècle subsistent la nef, la croisée du transept et une travée des croisillons nord et sud, ainsi qu'une partie du cloître. Le chœur a été reconstruit au XIIIe siècle, la tour commencée au XIIe fut surélevée au XVe, de même que le collatéral sud et trois chapelles du chœur. À la fin du XVIe siècle et au début du XVIIe siècle (entre 1583 et 1607), on reconstruisit le collatéral nord, tandis que le transept nord fut agrandi. L'aile du rosaire au sud fut commencée dans les années 1620. En 1695, les canons de la flotte anglo-hollandaise détruisirent la rosace du chevet, laquelle fut remplacée par trois baies en plein-cintre.

Au XVIIIe siècle, on édifia la chapelle sud, et la tour du clocher fut surélevée. La façade fut reconstruite peu après, en style néoclassique (1772-1773).

Au XIXe siècle, Napoléon III se laissa convaincre par le curé de l'époque de faire coiffer la tour d'une grande flèche ajourée, laquelle fut entourée de quatre clochetons ajourés, construite par Frangeul Père et Fils. (Cette flèche remplaçait un petit dôme d'ardoise).

Au XXe siècle enfin, la cathédrale fut endommagée lors des combats de l'été 1944. La flèche fut pilonée par un destroyer Allemand, croyant qu'elle pourrait servir de repère aux Américains, et elle s'écroula sur la chapelle dite « du Sacré-Cœur ». Les dégâts nécessitèrent une restauration importante qui débuta dès 1944, dirigée par l'architecte Raymond Cornon, et se termina en 1972. La flèche de la cathédrale fut reconstruite en un style plus proche de celui de l'ensemble de l'édifice par l'architecte Prunet et abrite quatre cloches, ce clocher a été vivement contesté par les Malouins à l'époque, et aujourd'hui encore beaucoup de Malouins regrettent l'ancienne flèche.

Suite à la grande restauration de 1944-1972 et aux derniers embellissements, on peut dire que la cathédrale Saint-Vincent-de-Saragosse à Saint-Malo a retrouvé toute sa splendeur.

Une nouvelle grande rosace conçue par Raymond Cornon, a remplacé les trois baies du chevet et restitue le visage de la cathédrale tel qu'il était avant les destructions anglaises de 1695. Jean Le Moal orna de vitraux les fenêtres des bras du transept et du chœur réalisés par Bernard Allain. Les nouveaux vitraux de la nef ont quant à eux été réalisés par Max Ingrand.

Les grandes orgues réalisées par les facteurs Koenig, père et fils, construites en 1977 et inaugurées en 1980. Il est composé de 4 claviers et 1 pédalier et 35 jeux, cet orgue remplace celui de Louis Debierre construit en 1893 de style romantique qui fut détruit en 1944.

Le mobilier du sanctuaire comporte notamment un maître-autel, un siège de présidence et un baptistère en bronze. Ce sont des œuvres d'Arcabas père et fils.

La cathédrale abrite également les restes de l'évêque fondateur Jean de Châtillon, de Jacques Cartier et du corsaire René Duguay-Trouin.

Depuis 2003, elle abrite la statue de la Vierge à l'Enfant dite Notre-Dame de la Grand'Porte. Celle-ci restaurée se trouvait initialement au dessus de la Grand-Porte de Saint-Malo intra-muros où elle pour des raisons de protection et des intempéries remplacée par une copie.

português

A Catedral de São Vicente de Zaragoza Saint-Malo é um ex-catedral católica romana dedicada a São Vicente de Saragoça, localizado em Saint-Malo, na Bretanha. Sua arquitetura mistura os estilos românico e gótico, e é classificada como um monumento histórico na França 1.

Era o local do bispado ex-St. Malo dos 1146 anos. O último foi suprimido pela Concordata de 1801, e seu território dividido entre as dioceses de Rennes, Saint-Brieuc e Vannes.

O bispado de St. Malo foi criado em 1146, quando Jean de Châtillon, Bispo de Aleth desde 1144, transferiu sua sede em Saint-Malo, o crescimento da cidade continua na época, que era também um local muito mais seguro . Não foi até 1146 ea aprovação do Papa Eugênio III, a transferência pode ter lugar. O mosteiro de Saint-Malo, fundada em 1108, tornou-se a residência do bispo e da igreja monástica tornou-se uma catedral, substituindo a Catedral de St. Pierre Aleth. Transformações foram realizadas com a construção do coro, que fizeram um total de monumentos românicos.

Este edifício românico do século XII, permanecem a nave, o transepto e cintas abrangem o norte eo sul, e parte do claustro. A capela-mor foi reconstruído no século XIII, a torre foi iniciada no décimo segundo ao décimo quinto levantadas, bem como o corredor sul do coro e três capelas. No final do século XVI e início do século XVII (entre 1583 e 1607), que reconstruiu o corredor norte, enquanto o transepto norte foi alargada. A ala sul do Rosário foi iniciada na década de 1620. Em 1695, as armas da frota anglo-holandesa destruiu a rosácea da abside, que foi substituído por três baía semicircular.

No século XVIII, construiu a capela ao sul, ea torre sineira foi levantada. A fachada foi reconstruída logo depois, em estilo neoclássico (1772-1773).

No século XIX, Napoleão III foi persuadido pelo sacerdote do tempo para tampar a torre de uma grande seta perfurado, que foi cercado por quatro torres perfurado, Frangeul construído pelo Pai e Filho. (Esta seta substituiu uma pequena cúpula de ardósia).

Finalmente no século XX, a catedral foi danificada durante o conflito no verão de 1944. A seta foi pilonée um destróier alemão, acreditando que ele poderia servir como uma referência para os americanos, e ela caiu sobre a capela chamada de "Sagrado Coração". O dano exigiu uma grande restauração, que começou em 1944, liderado pelo arquiteto Raymond Cornon, e terminou em 1972. A torre da catedral foi reconstruída em um estilo mais próximo ao de todo o edifício pela Prunet arquiteto e casas quatro sinos, o sino foi fortemente contestada pelo St. Malo na época, e hoje grande parte do Malouins seta velha arrependimento.

Após a grande restauração de 1944-1972 e as últimas melhorias, podemos dizer que a Catedral de São Vicente de Saragoça, em Saint-Malo recuperou toda a sua glória.

Uma janela nova rosa grande desenhado por Raymond Cornon, substituiu os três baías da abside e restaura o rosto da catedral como era antes da destruição da Inglaterra em 1695. Jean Le Moal adornado com vitrais na transeptos e coro conduzido por Bernard Allain. As novas janelas na nave foram entretanto feitas por Max Ingrand.

O grande órgão feito por fatores Koenig, pai e filho, construído em 1977 e inaugurado em 1980. Tem 4 teclados e um pedal e 35 jogos, este órgão substitui o Debierre Louis construída em 1893 em estilo romântico, que foi destruída em 1944.

A mobília do santuário deve incluir um altar, um assento de cadeira e um batistério bronze. Estas são obras de Arcabas pai e filho.

A catedral também abriga os restos mortais do fundador Jean Bispo de Chatillon, Jacques Cartier e corsário René Duguay-Trouin.

Desde 2003, abriga a estátua da Virgem com o Menino conhecida como Nossa Senhora de Porte do Grand '. Ele foi inicialmente restaurados pela Grande Porte de Saint-Malo intra muros, onde por razões de protecção dos elementos e substituído por uma cópia.

Cimetière chinois de Nolette - Noyelles-sur-Mer (80) by Stéphane x

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Le cimetière chinois de Nolette est un cimetière situé le territoire de la commune française de Noyelles-sur-Mer où sont inhumés les travailleurs civils chinois employés par l'armée britannique pendant la Première Guerre mondiale.

Il s'agit du plus grand cimetière chinois de France et d'Europe

Pendant la Première Guerre mondiale, Noyelles abrita une importante base arrière britannique dont un grand camp de coolies (travailleurs immigrés chinois). Ils furent recrutés par l'armée britannique entre 1917 et 1919 dans le cadre du corps de travailleurs chinois (en anglais, Chinese Labour Corps), pour des tâches de manutention à l'arrière du front mais certains connaitront les zones de combat.

Ils représentent l'une des premières immigrations chinoises en France. Ils avaient l'interdiction de se mêler à la population civile du lieu. Certains resteront en France après la Grande Guerre.

Chinois en France

L'entrée du cimetière chinois de Nolette.

Ils étaient affectés à des tâches pénibles et dangereuses comme le terrassement de tranchées, le ramassage des soldats morts sur le champ de bataille, le déminage des terrains reconquis, la blanchisserie, les services de santé auprès des malades, en particulier ceux atteints de la grippe espagnole...

En 1921, le gouvernement britannique décida l'édification du cimetière chinois à Nolette. Le Major Truelove est chargé de sa réalisation sous l'autorité d'Edwin Lutyens.

Depuis 2002, le cimetière de Nolette est le lieu de célébration de la Fête de Qing Ming (Fête des Morts chinoise) en France organisée par le Conseil pour l'intégration des communautés d'origine chinoise en France.

On trouve dans le département de la Somme des tombes de coolies dans les cimetières d'Abbeville, Albert, Daours, Gézaincourt, Tincourt-Boucly et Villers-Carbonnel.

Propriété de l'État français et gérée par la Commonwealth War Graves Commission, la nécropole située près du hameau de Nolette dans la commune de Noyelles-sur-Mer a été inaugurée en 1921 par le Préfet de la Somme. 849 travailleurs chinois sont inhumés à Noyelles-sur-Mer. La plupart travaillait au camp chinois de l'armée britannique situé sur la commune entre 1917 et 1919.

Tombe de Yang Shiyue 楊十月 originaire du Shandong, mort le 12 janvier 19191.

Beaucoup sont morts d'une épidémie de choléra qui a sévi dans le camp, de la grippe espagnole en 1918-1919 ou de la tuberculose, voire tués dans les zones de combat.

Le site est caractérisée par le portail d'entrée, les inscriptions sur les tombes et les essences d'arbres (pins, cèdres...) qu'on ne rencontre pas dans les autres cimetières du Commonwealth ainsi que par l'absence de croix du Sacrifice et de pierre du Souvenir.

Les tombes de ce cimetière sont constituées de 849 stèles en marbre blanc, avec sur chacune d'elle gravée une inscription en anglais « Faithful unto Death » ou « Though dead he still liveth » ou encore « A good reputation endures for ever » ainsi que des idéogrammes chinois et parfois, très rarement, le nom en anglais ou le matricule du défunt.

Le porche monumental et le mur de l'entrée tiennent lieu de mémorial pour la quarantaine de Chinois morts sur terre ou sur mer sans tombes connues.

Des statues de lions offerts par la République populaire de Chine sont situées, non loin de la nécropole, à l'entrée de la rue qui mène au cimetière de Nolette

Ss. Peter and Paul, Charing, Kent by Jelltex

Down the hill from Challock and Kings Wood, sitting on the junction of two ancient high roads, but now split in half by the A20, Charing is delightful.

It is nine years perhaps since I was last here. I took two shots outside, and four inside.

How could I have been so blind?

Charing is a tangle of narrow lanes and timber framed houses, with the church at the end of a narrow lane which ends in what used to be the market place. To the north of the square sits what used to be the Bishop's Palace, still an impressive collection of buildings, although now a private dwelling and a farm.

I found the church open, and was first struck by its fine decoration and impressive size.

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A large church beautifully positioned next to the remains of the medieval Archbishop's Palace just off the High Street. The west tower was built in the late fifteenth century. During its construction the body of the church was destroyed in an accidental fire - started by a man shooting at pigeons on the roof. The replacement roofs are clearly dated on the tie-beams as 1592 and 1620. A fine early seventeenth-century pulpit and nice collection of eighteenth-century tablets add much to the character of the building. The south nave window is a very strange shape, basically square, with four lights of equal height surmounted by a net of elaborate triangles, quatrefoils and, unusually, an octofoil! It is of fourteenth-century date.

www.kentchurches.info/church.asp?p=Charing

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CHARING

IS the adjoining parish to Westwell north-westward. It is written in Domesday, Cheringes, and in other antient records, Cerringes and Cherring.

It lies partly below and partly above the upper range of chalk hills, where there is much woodland. It is a healthy, though not a very pleasant situation, from the nature of the soils in it, all which are but poor; about the town or village, and to the summit of the hill it is chalky; above the hill a red cludgy earth covered with slints, and below the town mostly a sand. At the western boundary, next to Lenham, is Charing heath; it is watered by several small streamlets, which rising near the foot of the hills, direct their course southward into the Stour, which runs towards Ashford just below the boundary of it. The village, or town of Charing, as it is more usually called, stands at the foot of the hill, called from it Charing-hill, over which the high road leads through it from Faversham, through Smarden and Biddenden, and thence to Cranbrooke and Tenterden in the Weald. The high road likewise from Ashford, since the new turnpike has been completed, is made by new cuts to pass through this town and Lenham, instead of its former more southern circuit by Chilson park and Sandway towards Maidstone, shortening its distance considerably. Notwithstanding these roads, there is no great matter of traffic through it, the town is unpaved, and has a clean countryfied look, there is a good house in it, formerly belonging to the Poole's, whose arms were, Azure, a lion rampant, argent, semee, of fleur de lis, or. Afterwards to Dr. Ludwell, who bore for his arms, Gules, on a bend, argent, three eagles, azure, between two castles of the second; and then to the Carter's, one of whom sold it to George Norwood, esq. who resides in it. Not far from it is an antient mansion, which has been modernized formerly, called Peirce-house, now belonging to Mr. James Wakeley, who resides in it; at a small distance from the street eastward is the ruinated palace, the church and the vicarage, a pleasant habitable dwelling.

There are large ruins of the archiepiscopal palace still remaining; the antient great gateway to it is now standing, and much of the sides of the court within it, on the east side of which seems to have been the dining-room, the walls of which remain, and it is converted into a barn. On the opposite side to this are many of the offices, now made into stables. Fronting the great gateway above-mentioned, seems to have been the entrance into the palace itself, part of which, on the east side, is fitted up as a dwelling-house, at the back of which, northward, are the remains of the chapel, the walls of which are standing entire, being built of squared stone, mixed with slints; on the side wall of it are three windows, with pointed arches, and at the east end a much larger one, of the same form. Sir Nicholas Gilborne, hereafter mentioned, as having resided here in king James I.'s reign, was son of William Gilborne, esq. of London, who lies buried in St. Catherine's Creechurch, London, descended from the Gilbornes, of Ereswike, in Yorkshire, and bore for their arms, Azure, on a chevron, or, three roses gules, within a bordure of the second. (fn. 1) Sir Nicholas had two sons and several daughters; one of whom, Anne, married Charles Wheler, esq. of Tottenham, grandfather of Sir George Wheler, D. D. and prebendary of Durham, the purchaser afterwards of this manor and palace, as will be further mentioned.

The two sairs which were granted in the 21st year of king Henry VI. are now held on April 29, and October 29, for horses, cattle, and pedlary.

The parish has in it the boroughs of Town, Sandpit, East Lenham, part of Field, and Acton.

Several of our antiquaries have supposed the Roman station, mentioned in the 2d iter of Antonine by the name of Durolevum, corruptly for Durolenum, to have been in this neighbourhood; and Dr. Plot mentions his discovery of a Roman way, which seemed to have passed the Medway at Teston, and crossing Cocksheath, pointed towards Lenham hither. Most of those who have contended for this station having been hereabouts, have fixed it at Lenham. Only two of them, Mr. Talbot and Dr. Stukeley, after much hesitation, where to place it, were for its having been here at Charing; the latter founded his opinion on the Roman antiquities, which he says, have been found all about here, which Horsley accounts for, from a supposition of this having been only a notilia way, and indeed there is but little, if any, foundation for any supposition that the station above-mentioned was here at Charing; that it was a notitia way, there is great reason to suppose, as has been already mentioned before, in the description of Lenham, to which may be added, that there is in this parish, about a mile S. S. W. from the town a hamlet called Stone-street, a name, which is a certain indication of its note in former times.

Mr. Jacob, in his Plantœ Favershamienses, has taken notice of several scarce plants in this parish, to which account the reader is referred from them.

There was a family who took their name from this parish, one of whom, Adam de Cherringes, was excommunicated by archbishop Becket, and, as it should seem, to blot out the heinousness of this offence, afterwards, in the time of archbishop Baldwin, the next successor but one to Becket, founded an hospital for leprous persons, at Romney, in honour of St. Stephen and St. Thomas Becket.

Anno 26 Edward I. the king granted licence to shut up a high road leading from Charing to Ashford.

¶The vulgar tradition, that Charing cross, in Westminster, was so called from a cross, which once stood on the summit of the hill here, which being taken from hence, was carried and set up there, is entirely without foundation; for the cross, which stood where the figure of king Charles on horseback now is at Charing-cross, in the centre of the three highways, as was then usual, was made and erected there in the year 1292, anno 21 Edward I. in that village which long before had been called Cheringes, and Charing, but which afterwards was universally called, from thence, Charing-cross. (fn. 2)

CHARING is within the ECCLESIASTICAL JURISDICTION of the diocese of Canterbury, and deanry of its own name, and is exempt from the jurisdiction of the archdeacon.

The church, which is dedicated to St. Peter and St. Paul, is a handsome building, consisting of one isle and a transept, a high chancel and one small one on the south side of it. The tower, having a small beacon turret at one corner, is at the west end. There is only one bell in it. This tower was begun to be built of stone (for it was before of wood) at the latter end of king Edward IV.'s reign, as appears by the several legacies to the rebuilding of it, in the wills in the Prerogative-office, Canterbury, from 1479 to 1545, about which time only it seems to have been finished. On the stonework at the outside of it, are the arms of Brent, and a coat, being a star of many points, still remaining. In the year 1590 this church was consumed by fire, to the very stones of the building, which happened from a gun discharged at a pidgeon, then upon the roof of it; by which the windows and gravestones of the family of Brent were desaced. John Brent, sen. of Charing, in 1501, was buried in this church, before the door of the new chapel of the blessed Virgin Mary, where no burial had as yet been; and Amy Brent, of Charing, gentlewoman, by will in 1516, was buried within that chapel of her own edification. This chapel, now called Wickins chancel, was much defaced by the fire as above-mentioned. In the south cross was Burleigh chantry, mentioned before, which being burnt down in 1590, was repaired by John Darell, esq. of Calehill, then proprietor of it, whose arms are on the pews of it, as mentioned below. In king Richard II.'s time, the block on which St. John the Baptist was said to have been beheaded, was brought into England, and kept in this church. In the high chancel is a memorial for Samuel Belcher, gent. of Charing, obt. 1756, æt. 6l. and for his two wives. In the little chancel, now called Wickins chancel, are memorials for the Nethersoles and Derings; in the middle isle, for Peirce, Henman, and Ludwell; in the north cross monuments for Sir Robert Honywood, of Pett, and the Sayer family; in the south cross, memorials for Mushey Teale, M.D. in 1760, and for Mary his wife; his arms, Azure, a cockatrice regardant, sable; in chief, three martlets of the second. The pews in it are of oak, and much ornamented at their ends next the space with carvework, among which are these arms, a coat quarterly, first and sourth, A lion rampant, crowned; second, A fess indented, in chief, three mullets; third, Three bugle-horns stringed, impaling a fess, between three cross-croslets, fitchee. Another, Three bugle-horns stringed. Another, A lion rampant, crowned, or. Another, the crest of a Saracen's head, 1598.

The church of Charing was antiently appendant to the manor, and was part of the possessions of the see of Canterbury, to which it was appropriated before the 8th year of king Richard II. and it remained with it till archbishop Cranmer, anno 37 Henry VIII. granted that manor, and all his estates within this parish, and the advowsons of this rectory and vicarage, to the king; (fn. 10) and these advowsons remained in the crown till Edward VI. granted them, together with the advowson of the chapel of Egerton, and other premises in Essex, in exchange, in his first year, to the dean and chapter of St. Paul's, London. In which state they continue at this time, the dean and chapter of St. Paul's being now proprietors of this rectory appropriate, together with the advowson of the vicarage of this church.

¶King Henry VIII. in his 38th year, demised this rectory, and the chapel of Egerton, to Leonard Hetherington, gent. for twenty-one years, and the lease of it continued in his descendants till one of them sold his interest in it, in king James I.'s reign. to John Dering, esq. of Egerton, but by some means, long before his death in 1618, it had passed into the possession of Edward, lord Wotton. How long it continued in his family I have not found; but it afterwards was demised to the family of Barrell, of Rochester, with whom the demise of it remained for many years; and in one of their delcendants it remained down to the Rev. Edmund Marthall, vicar of this parish, who died in 1797, possessed of the lease of it.

This vicarage is valued in the king's books at thirteen pounds, and the yearly tenths at 1l. 6s. and is now of the clear yearly certified value of seventy-two pounds. In 1588 it was valued at fifty pounds. Communicants three hundred and twenty-six. In 1640, at eighty pounds. Communicants three hundred and seventy; and in 1700 it was valued at one hundred and ten pounds.

In 1535 this church was accounted a sinecure, which accounts for its having been formerly called a prebend.

www.british-history.ac.uk/survey-kent/vol7/pp429-448

Childrens games 1920s by Irlam,Cadishead,Rixton with Glazebrook old photos

Irlam and Cadishead Advertiser 1980s

Life in Lancashire during the 1920s.

I know a man with a cauliflower ear who never did anything more violent than pull a Christmas cracker and even then, he did it at arms length. I saw him having a quiet pint in the local the other night when I overheard someone asking him how he came to acquire such a lovely 'cauly'. He paused momentarily as he raised the glass to his lips and said "Thrust"!

The stranger, thinking this was a new addition to the usual pub toasts of 'Cheers', 'Down the hatch', 'It's time tha' paid', and so on, raised his glass and replied 'Aye, and Thrust to thee too'! and emptied his glass. Our thick-eared friend spluttered as he unsuccessfully tried to laugh and drink a pint at the same time. I would have loved to have heard the outcome, but I had to leave in a hurry - I'm sure some of these traffic wardens have watches which are constantly fast.

You know what he meant didn't you? Of course you did; the enquirer must have been a real ignoramus not to know how the ear became flattened at 'Thrust'! It got a clog iron in it!

For the edification of those who like the man in the pub, do not know what 'Thrust' is (although they must be in a minority), it is merely another name for 'Jump-a-backs'.

In case it had another name as well, let me make it perfectly plain once and for all. It was a polular game in the school playground long before such establishments had school dinners and sex lessons.

Lads would form two teams of four, five, or six. One group would lean against the school wall, snake like, so as to form one long back onto which the others would in turn jump one on top of the other. The team that collapsed lost. As your opponent came hurtling on to your shoulders, it was wise to get your head tucked well down and protect your ears, by your elbows, otherwise you could get a brass-capped wooden-soled iron shod clog in your earhole. Our friend in the pub obviously forgot!!

Gets you thinking, doesn't it? What happened to games like 'Thrust!'; what about the others of that era? Gone and almost forgotten? Perhaps we adults in our wisdom have given them something better - like watching television, youth clubs, discotheques, or doing away with evening recreation altogether by substituting English for excersice and Theorems for 'Thrust' in a frantic effort to pass the G.C.E. examinations.

The long summer evenings and the short winter nights will come and go and I feel sorry for them. The kids will have lost hours of fun which can never be recaptured. I would be the first to agree that many of the games we played, if not criminally delinquent, did not subscribe to the peace and tranquility of unsuspecting house holders.

Take 'Caplatch' for example. Most doors had the old-fashioned latch - usually brass and highly polished. The first two priorities in house cleanliness were - 1. the doorstep and 2. the latch (in that order).

A street would be selected with long rows of latches. Starting at the first door, we would doff our caps, get to our marks, and then run like the clappers, 'batting' our caps on each latch, and one by one, men and women would open their doors to their unexpected visitors, only to see and hear pairs of clogs going like the bats of hell up the street to safety.

My! my! what some of those people shouted! They'd even make a TV play producer blush!!

TATHAM'S; Cadishead and Irlam Guardian Advert 1920.

School by CIFOR-ICRAF

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Bangladeshi school students say a student pledge in a remote Bangladesh village.

Photo by Terry Sunderland/CIFOR

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