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"Save the girl child campaign (an internet-driven advocacy mission) by SOCIAL GEOGRAPHIC"
Photo: Firoz Ahmad Firoz
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"Worst of all, violence against women and girls continues unabated in every continent, country and culture. It takes a devastating toll on women’s lives, on their families and on society as a whole. Most societies prohibit such violence -- yet the reality is that, too often, it is covered up or tacitly condoned." (UN SECRETARY-GENERAL in International Women’s Day 2007 Message.)
“Almost every country in the world still has laws that discriminate against women, and promises to remedy this have not been kept.” (UN High Commissioner for Human Rights on the eve of International Women's Day 2008)
According to one United Nations estimate, 113 to 200 million women are “demographically missing” from the world today. That is to say, there should be 113 to 200 million more women walking the earth, who aren’t. By that same estimate, 1.5 to 3 million women and girls lose their lives every year because of gender-based neglect or gender-based violence and Sexual Violence in Conflict ( Read more about UN Action against Sexual Violence in Conflict www.stoprapenow.org/ ). Millions of young women disappear in their native land every year. Many of them are found later being held against their will in other places and forced into prostitution. According to the UNICEF ( www.unicef.org/gender/index_factsandfigures.html ),Girls between 13 and 18 years of age constitute the largest group in the sex industry. It is estimated that around 500,000 girls below 18 are victims of trafficking each year. United Nations agencies estimated that every year 3 million girls are at risk of undergoing the procedure – which involves the partial or total removal of external female genital organs – that some 140 million women, mostly in Asia, the Middle East and in Africa, have already endured. We can point a finger at poverty. But poverty alone does not result in these women’s deaths and suffering; the blame also falls on the social system and attitudes of the societies.
India alone accounts for more than 50 million of the women who are “missing” due to female foeticide - the sex-selective abortion of girls, dowry death, gender-based neglect and all forms of violence against women.
Since the late 1970s when the technology for sex determination first came into being, sex selective abortion has unleashed a saga of horror in India. Experts are calling it "sanitized barbarism".The 2001 Census conducted by Government of India, showed a sharp decline in the child sex ratio in 80% districts of India. The Census Report of 2001 reveals a highly skewed child sex ratio (0-6 year-olds), that fell from 945 females per 1,000 males in 1991 to an all-time low of 927 in 2001. Additional data from the India’s birth and death registration service indicates that the figures have further fallen to fewer than 900 females per 1,000 men over the last few years. In some parts of the country, the sex ratio of girls to boys has dropped to less than 800:1,000. It's alarming that even liberal states like those in the northeast have taken to disposing of girls. Worryingly, the trend is far stronger in urban rather than rural areas, and among literate rather than illiterate women, exploding the myth that growing affluence and spread of basic education alone will result in the erosion of gender bias.
The United Nations has expressed serious concern about the situation.
Over the years, laws have been made stricter and the punishment too is more stringent now. But since many people manage to evade punishment, others too feel inclined to take the risk. Just look at the way sex-determination tests go on despite a stiff ban on them. Only if the message goes out loud and clear that nobody who dares to snuff out the life of a female foetus would escape effective legal system would the practice end. It is only by a combination of monitoring, education, socio-cultural campaigns, and effective legal implementation that the deep-seated attitudes and practices against women and girls can be eroded.
The decline in the sex ratio and the millions of Missing Women are indicators of the feudal patriarchal resurgence. Violence against women has gone public – whether it is dowry murders,the practice of female genital mutilation , honour killings, sex selective abortions or death sentences awarded to young lovers from different communities by caste councils, rapes and killings in communal and caste violence, it is only women’s and human rights groups who are protesting – the public and institutional response to these trends is very minimal.
Millions of women suffer from discrimination in the world of work. This not only violates a most basic human right, but has wider social and economic consequences. Most of the governments turn a blind eye to illegal practices and enact and enforce discriminatory laws. Corporations and private individuals engage in abusive and discriminatory practices without fear of legal system. Sexual harassment and violence in the workplace are common and constant threats to working women’s lives and livelihoods.
More women are working now than ever before, but they are also more likely than men to get low-productivity, low-paid and vulnerable jobs, with no social protection, basic rights nor voice at work according to a new report by the International Labour Organization (ILO) issued for International Women’s Day 2008.
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Unite To End Violence Against Women!
Say No To Sex Selection and Female Foeticide!!
Say No To Female Genital Mutilation!!!
Say No To Dowry and Discrimination Against Women!!!!
Say Yes To Women’s Resistance, Education and Empowerment!!!!!
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Some background:
ISM Racing was an auto racing team owned by Bob Hancher. The team fielded entries in the Indy Racing League and the NASCAR Winston Cup Series. ISM fielded cars in the IRL from 1997 to 1999, and McIlhenny Company, maker of Tabasco brand products, sponsored their Winston Cup car. The company announced in 1997 that it would sponsor the No. 35 Pontiac driven by Todd Bodine. The car would be owned by Bob Hancher. The team debuted on the weekend of the announcement at Charlotte Motor Speedway, with Bodine finishing 26th.
After a rumor that Tabasco had ended its sponsorship, the team failed to qualify for the first three races of the 1998 season. Surprisingly, McIlhenny Company voiced no concerns, despite the high-pressure stakes of NASCAR racing. After a tenth-place finish at Atlanta Motor Speedway, Team Tabasco missed the next race at Darlington Raceway, as well as three of the next four races, ranking 39th place in the one race in which it did appear. A practice accident took Bodine out of the California 500, where Wally Dallenbach Jr. filled in as driver. Bodine would be back on board for the Coca-Cola 600 in late May, finishing 28th.
June 6 saw Bodine's last ride in the Tabasco Pontiac at Richmond International Raceway. In his brief tenure, Team Tabasco only managed to qualify in five of the first thirteen races (including the race during which Dallenbach drove). ISM replaced Bodine with Loy Allen Jr. for the Pepsi 400 on a temporary basis; after the race was delayed due to wildfires, Bodine was fully released by the team before the next race at New Hampshire International Speedway. Gary Bradberry and Jimmy Horton were scheduled to drive for the team at future races.
After running only one of the next three races, however, Hancher sold the operation to Tim Beverly and his driver Darrell Waltrip. The Tyler Jet Motorsports team drove Chevrolet Monte Carlos and intended to continue using the model. In their first race, the Brickyard 400, Waltrip started dead-last but climbed through the field to finish 13th. But the team's use of Chevrolets sparked outrage at McIlhenny Company because it had invested heavily in Pontiacs as part of its marketing program. Lawsuits ensued between Tabasco and Hancher, and McIlhenny Company forced the team to run Pontiacs. Waltrip's best finish that year was 18th at Richmond; otherwise, the team performed poorly and Tabasco left the sport at the end of the year.
In NASCAR discussion this affair has become known as the "Tabasco Fiasco".
About the model:
This real world race car model was built around 2000 - one of the very few car kits I ever did.
The inspiration came through television - in the mid 90ies, local Free TV aired parts of the NASCAR Winston Cup series, as summaries but also some complete live races. Being interested in motorsport, I followed the series and decided to try my skills at a model - and the choice fell onto this Pontiac Grand Prix from the 1998 season.
At first I was a bit disappointed by the kit, because it looked pretty simple and crude, with flash and rather soft details. But after building it and checking reference pictures of the real stock cars of that era, I must admit that the kit is a) very accurate, b) fits well and c) offers anything you might ask for.
The kit was built almost 100% right out of the box. The only changes I made were opened cooler intakes in the car's front (you can see the radiator behind the mesh, the motor is complete, too, as well as the interior - the hood can be opened, and the whole car body can be lifted from the chassis) and scratch-built safety belts from paper instead of the decals, for a 3D effect. The rest is OOB.
The paintjob was hell, though, because the first attempt to paint the car body with white from the rattle can went awry, with cracks appearing everywhere, so that I eventually had to get rid of the initial layers of primer and paint through a bath in brake fluid. Messy affair that also washed out some of the styrene's softener, leaving the plastic rather brittle and with a matt/coarse surface. However, the second attempt (with a different primer) was successful. Applying the large decals on the car's bulged shapes was another challenge, but the carrier film was pretty elastic so that it worked even without decal softener or other aids. Finally, everything was sealed with glossy varnish. And, after lots of sweat and cursing, the car looks just great!
Tomo el tren a Pirna. Con bicicleta también. El boleto está aquí en Pirna también válido para autobuses o ferries. Inmediatamente me subo al autobús para Pirna-Sunstone y él se va. El conductor del autobús no parece arrogante, sino enojado. Es gordo y tiene pérdida de cabello, cabello negro y ojos. Él siempre comienza a toda velocidad. Conduce hasta la rotonda y gira 90 grados a 20 o 30 km / h. Casi caes en el vaso. Se siente como un maestro. Luego llego a la terminal de Sonnenstein. Luego se dirige a mí y dice que está aquí, a donde quiero ir. Como he dicho, conduce por aquí. Debería haber dicho que esto es un obstáculo y que no puede continuar aquí. Terminé con la piedra solar después de un tiempo. Los pensionistas me han estado esperando en ciertos puntos: Boleslawiecer Straße, Struppener Straße, Reutlinger Straße. Eran como nazis. Me miró como si fuera un criminal. Uno de ellos resultó estúpido por mi bandera argentina, el de Struppener Strasse parecía loco y su vecino incluso se detuvo para hurgarse la nariz. Masivamente fueron perseguidos en la carretera de Longuyoner o incluso informados por teléfono. También había un informador con un perro inglés y se quedó a mi lado para observarme. Spitzeln está aquí de forma gratuita. Extraño es que los parques en la piedra del sol no tienen nombres. Un árabe ha sido dirigido por la milicia de Pirna a través de un teléfono inteligente. Eso fue en la calle de la juventud. En la escuela primaria, Sonnenstein fue nuevamente una educación de tránsito para niños. Había dos policías. Se trata de pensar que el estado solo quiere hacer el bien. Así que si no funciona, entonces lo tienes tú mismo. Luego conocí a las abuelas y les hablé brevemente. Voy a bajar de nuevo porque he terminado. Esta vez va directo a Pirna-Neundorf. Comienzo en el Gimnasio Protestante. El conductor del autobús me grita hostil: "¿Qué tal si se muestra el boleto?" Voy a él y le digo: ¿Tienes un director o algo así? Él: "¡No los hemos tenido en mucho tiempo!". Así que han abolido sus fichas para que más personas estén desempleadas y no tengan familias. Inmoral. La sala de juntas es probablemente corrupta. El dinero es suficiente está allí. Entonces estoy en Neundorf. Aquí hay algunos amigos de élite que han sintonizado automóviles y conducen por allí. Todos se ven bonitos también. Está limpio, pero un edificio prefabricado necesita una nueva capa de pintura. Las ventanas parecen quemadas. La escuela aquí es más grande de lo que pensabas. Llegan furgonetas que miran. Yo conduzco de regreso En el castillo de Rottwerndorf, los propietarios vienen a verme. Una mujer muy hermosa. Ellos llevan un piso alrededor. Ellos reconstruyen el castillo solo. Olvidé un camino. La calle Brahms. El "barrio de los músicos" / asentamiento Rottwerndorf ahora está fotografiado. Por extraño que parezca, las personas reaccionan a mí de una manera diferente que antes. Ahora son más abiertos o sonrientes. Es muy rápido aquí. En Mühlenstraße, un anciano conduce el ciclomotor y me mira con enojo. Él sale del restaurante y se parece al dueño. Luego conduzco a Waschhausstraße, donde un Nazi me insulta como un maricón. También se me acerca por la pequeña bandera argentina. Su jardín está totalmente descuidado y es una pena para la reputación de la ciudad. Ese fue un barrio elitista aquí. Con demasiada frecuencia se han encontrado nazis bien alimentados aquí. Su madre rubia y gorda lo besa por abuso verbal en mi contra. Tiene ojos negros, pelo alto y negro. Me quedo allí y pienso ahora. Los minutos pasan. Una mujer pelirroja viene en bicicleta. Como si ella hubiera conducido aquí por mí. Ella me mira sin comprender. Conduzco desde Max Schwarze Straße ahora en Erich Sagittarius Pirna. Allí me sigue durante unos minutos una furgoneta en blanco y negro. Se ve poco atractivo e inmoral. Su coche tiene máscaras y esposas de Jason. Otro espía está de vuelta en la práctica, donde siempre observaba desde el balcón y toda la Kohlbergstraße tiene a la vista y siempre me registra directamente. Aquí estoy hecho. Luego me dirijo a la estación de Pirna. Compro un café allí y me pregunto por qué es tan barato. Cuando lo bebo, me doy cuenta de que sabe a agua. El café en la Dippoldiswalder Straße, al lado de la LIDL no está mal. La mujer es muy agradable allí.
I take the train to Pirna. With bike too. The ticket is here in Pirna also valid for buses or ferries. I immediately get on the bus for Pirna-Sunstone and he leaves. The bus driver does not look arrogant, but angry. He is fat and has hair loss, black hair and eyes. He always starts at full throttle. He drives into the roundabout and 90 degrees turns at 20 or 30 km / h. You almost fall into the glass. He feels like a master person. Then I arrive at the terminus Sonnenstein. Then he addresses me and says that it's over here, where I want to go. Like I said, drive around here. He should have said that this is a roadblock and you can not continue here. I was done with the sunstone after some time. Pensioners have been waiting for me at certain points: Boleslawiecer Straße, Struppener Straße, Reutlinger Straße. They were like Nazis. Looked at me as if I was a criminal. One of them proved stupid because of my Argentina flag, the one from Struppener Strasse looked like crazy and his neighbor even stopped to pick his nose. Massively they were pursued on the Longuyoner road or even reported by telephone. Also an informer with an english dog was there and stayed extra beside me to watch me. Spitzeln is here for free. Strange is that the parks on the sunstone have no names. An Arab has been led by the Pirna militia via smartphone. That was on the street of youth. In the primary school Sonnenstein was again a traffic education for children. There were two policemen. It is about thinking that the state wants to do only good. So if it does not work, then you have it yourself. Then I met grandmas and talked to them briefly. I'm going down again because I'm done. This time it goes straight to Pirna-Neundorf. I start at the Protestant Gymnasium. The bus driver shouts unfriendly to me: "How about ticket showing !?" I go to him and say: You have a conductor or something? He: "We have not had them for a long time!". So they have abolished their checkers so that more people are unemployed and have no families. Immoral. The boardroom is probably corrupt. Money is enough is there. Then I'm in Neundorf. Here are some elite friends who have tuned cars and drive around there. They all look pretty too. It's clean, but a prefab building needs a new coat of paint. The windows look like burned out. The school here is bigger than you thought. There arrive vans that take one's view. I drive back. At the castle Rottwerndorf the owners come to me. A very pretty woman. They carry a floor around. They rebuild the castle alone. I forgot a road. The Brahms Street. The "musicians quarter" / settlement Rottwerndorf is now photographed. Strangely enough, people react to me in a different way than before. They are now more open-minded or smiling. It is very fast here. On Mühlenstraße an old man drives off on the moped and looks at me angrily. He comes out of the restaurant and looks like the owner. Then I drive to Waschhausstraße, where a Nazi insults me as a fagot. He also approaches me because of the small Argentina flag. His garden is totally neglected and is a shame for the reputation of the city. That was an elitist quarter here. Too often you have run well-nourished Nazis here. His fat blonde mother kisses him for verbal abuse against me. He has black eyes, tall, black hair. I stand there and think now. The minutes pass. A red-haired woman comes on a bicycle. As if she had just driven here for me. She looks at me blankly. I drive from the Max Schwarze Straße now on the Erich Sagittarius Pirna. There I am followed for a few minutes by a black and white van. He looks unattractive and immoral. His car has Jason masks and handcuffs. Another spy is back at the practice, where he always observed from the balcony and the entire Kohlbergstraße has in view and always logs me straight. Here I am done. Then I make myself to the station Pirna. I buy a coffee there and wonder why it's so cheap. When I drink it, I realize that it tastes of water. The coffee on the Dippoldiswalder Straße, next to the LIDL is not bad. The woman is very nice there.
Ich fahre mit dem Zug nach Pirna. Mit Fahrrad dazu. Die Fahrkarte ist hier in Pirna auch gültig für die Busse oder Fähren. Ich steige sofort in den Bus für Pirna-Sonnenstein ein und er fährt los. Der Busfahrer schaut nicht arrogant, sondern böse. Er ist dick und hat Haarausfall, schwarze Haare und Augen. Er fährt immer mit Vollgas los. Er fährt in den Kreisverkehr und 90 Grad Kurven mit 20 oder 30 km/h. Man fällt fast in die Scheiben. Er fühlt sich als Master-Mensch. Dann komme ich an der Endstation Sonnenstein an. Da redet er mich an und sagt, dass es hier zuende sei, wo ich denn hinwill. Als hätte ich gesagt, fahr mich mal hier herum. Er hätte sagen müssen, dass hier eine Straßensperre ist und man hier nicht mehr weiter kann. Ich war mit dem Sonnenstein nach einiger Zeit fertig. An bestimmten Punkten haben Rentner auf mich gewartet: Boleslawiecer Straße, Struppener Straße, Reutlinger Straße. Die waren wie Nazis. Haben mich angesehen, als wenn ich kriminell sei. Einer belegte mich wegen meiner Argentinienfahne dumm, der von der Struppener Straße schaute wie verrückt und sein Nachbar blieb sogar stehen, um die Nase zu mir zu pflücken. Massiv wurde man an der Longuyoner Straße verfolgt oder gar mit dem Telefon gemeldet. Auch ein Spitzel mit einem englischen Hund war dort und blieb extra neben mir stehen, um mich zu beobachten. Spitzeln ist hier für umsonst zu haben. Seltsam ist, dass die Parkanlagen auf dem Sonnenstein keine Namen haben. Ein Araber ist unter Anleitung von der Pirna-Miliz per smartphone geleitet worden. Das war auf der Straße der Jugend. In der Grundschule Sonnenstein war wieder ein Verkehrslehrgang für Kinder. Da waren zwei Polizisten. Es geht hierbei darum, dass man denken soll, dass der Staat einen nur Gutes tun will. Also wenn es nicht klappt, dann man selber daran schul sei. Dann traf ich Omas und habe mit denen kurz geredet. Ich fahre wieder runter, weil ich fertig bin. Diesmal geht es gleich nach Pirna-Neundorf. Ich steige am Evangelischen Gymnasium ein. Der Busfahrer schreit mich unfreundlich an: "Wie wäre es einmal mit Fahrkarte-Vorzeigen!?" Ich gehe zu ihm hin und sage: Sie haben doch Schaffner oder so? Er: "Die haben wir schon lange nicht mehr!". Also die haben ihre Kontrolleure abgeschafft, damit mehr Leute arbeitslos sind und keine Familien haben. Unmoralisch. Wahrscheinlich ist die Chefetage korrupt. Geld ist genug ist da. Dann bin ich in Neundorf. Da kommen nun ein paar elitäre Freunde an, die getunte Autos haben und dort herum fahren. Die sehen auch alle schön aus. Es ist sauber, aber der eine Plattenbau braucht einen neuen Anstrich. Die Fenster sehen aus wie ausgebrannt. Die Schule hier ist größer als man gedacht hat. Da kommen Transporter an, die einen die Sicht nehmen. Ich fahre zurück. Am Schloss Rottwerndorf kommen mir die Besitzer an. Eine sehr schöne Frau. Sie tragen einen Fußboden herum. Sie bauen das Schloss alleine wieder auf. Eine Straße habe ich vergessen. Die Brahms Straße. Das "Musikerviertel" / Siedlung Rottwerndorf wird nun abfotografiert. Seltsam ist, dass die Leute ganz anders auf mich reagieren als vorher. Sie sind nun aufgeschlossener oder lächeln. Es geht hier sehr schnell. An der Mühlenstraße kommt ein alter Mann auf dem Moped losgefahren und schaut mich böse an. Er kommt aus dem Restaurant und sieht aus wie der Besitzer. Dann fahre ich zur Waschhausstraße, wo ein Nazi mich als schwuchtel beschimpft. Er geht mich auch an, wegen der kleinen Argentinienfahne. Sein Garten ist total verwahrlost und ist eine Schande für das Ansehen der Stadt. Das war mal hier ein elitäres Viertel. Zu oft hat man hier gut genährte Nazis laufen. Seine dicke, blonde Mutter küsst ihn dafür, dass er verbale Gewalt gegen mich ausführt. Er hat schwarze Augen, groß, schwarze Haare. Ich stehe da und denke nun nach. Es vergehen die Minuten. Eine rothaarige Frau kommt mit dem Fahrrad angefahren. Als wenn sie nur wegen mir hier hergefahren sei. Sie schaut mich leer an. Ich fahre von der Max Schwarze Straße nun auf den Erich-Schütze-Weg Pirna. Dort verfolgt mich einer Minutenlang mit einem schwarz-weißen Transporter. Er sieht unattraktiv und unsittlich aus. Sein Auto hat Jason-Masken und Handschellen. Ein anderer Spitzel steht wieder an der Praxis, wo er auch vom Balkon immer observiert und die gesamte Kohlbergstraße im Blick hat und mich immer gleich meldet. Hier bin ich fertig. Dann mache ich mich zum Bahnhof Pirna. Ich kaufe mir einen Kaffee dort und wundere mich, warum der so billig ist. Als ich ihn trinke, merke ich, dass er nach Wasser schmeckt. Der Kaffee an der Dippoldiswalder Straße, neben dem LIDL ist nicht schlecht. Die Frau dort ist sehr lieb.
Eric Evans gives his keynote on Strategic Design at the DDD eXchange 2009, the worlds 1st dedicated conference on Domain Driven Design
Webcasts at skillsmatter.com/event-details/design-architecture/ddd-ex...
Tweets tagged as #dddexchange
Gerard Gorman, Reader in Computational Science, Imperial College London, United Kingdom speaking during the Session: Data-Driven Decision-Making with Imperial College London at the Annual Meeting 2017 of the World Economic Forum in Davos, January 18, 2017
Copyright by World Economic Forum / Sikarin Thanachaiary
A Girl And Some Tunes : The Girl Driven By Literature
"Alice in wonderland" Lewis Caroll / "Girl anachronism" The Dresden Dolls Version 2
www.youtube.com/watch?v=sO5APfKnR50
Now here’s the time for bonus pics. Frédérique was really great with this attitude, so i’ve decided to add this second version.
She is a young librarian. Her old teacher gave her a rendez-vous in his mansion. He is feeling his death coming so he wants to see her a last time. But when she arrives, she realizes there is nobody in the place. So she decides to wait for him in his library. Strange things will happen to her…
With this new chapter the « A Girl And Some Tunes » series goes litteraly literary ! This episode mixes girl portraiture, literature and music. Each picture is matched with a specific book and a song.
Stay tuned for the dramatic ending of this chapter !
Model : Frédérique
"Alice au pays des merveilles" Lewis Caroll / "Girl anachronism" The Dresden Dolls Version 2
www.youtube.com/watch?v=sO5APfKnR50
Voici le moment des images bonus ! Frédérique était vraiment super avec cette attitude, alors j’ai décidé d’ajouter cette deuxième version.
Elle est une jeune bibliothécaire. Son ancien professeur lui a donné rendez-vous dans sa demeure. Il sent la mort proche et désire la revoir une dernière fois. Mais à son arrivée, elle réalise qu’elle est seule. Elle décide alors de l’attendre dans la bibliothèque du vieux professeur. Des choses étranges vont se produire…
Avec ce nouveau chapitre la série « A Girl And Some Tunes » devient littéralement littéraire ! Cet épisode mélange portrait féminin, littérature et musique. Chaque photo est associée à un ouvrage spécifique et un morceau.
Revenez la fin dramatique de ce chapitre arrive !
Modèle : Frédérique
Strobe info: Two 580exii, one with an umbrella and one through a 15" softbox. The two strobes were fired with pocketwizards TT5.
Rodney Stoke is a small village and civil parish, located at grid reference ST486501, 5 miles north-west of Wells, in the English county of Somerset. The village is on the A371 between Draycott and Westbury-sub-Mendip.
The parish includes the larger village of Draycott. South of the A371 the parish includes an area of the Somerset Levels, extending to the River Axe. North of the A371 the southern slopes of the Mendip Hills rise to an area of the parish on the Mendip plateau. The parish is therefore an area of high biodiversity supporting local rare species of plants and animal life.
Close to the village is Westbury Camp, which represents the remains of an Iron Age enclosed settlement and has been designated as a Scheduled Ancient Monument.
Rodney Stoke was listed in the Domesday Book of 1086 as Stoches, meaning 'a stockaded settlement' from the Old English stoc. In 1291 the place name was recorded as Stokgifford. The Giffords were Saxon nobility at the time of Edward the Confessor with Walter Gifford (then spelt Gifard) as the Earl of Buckingham.
The parish was part of the Winterstoke Hundred.
The village was the home of, and is probably named after, Sir John Rodney (d. 1400). However Ekwall indicates that Stoke Gifford was held by Richard de Rodene in 1303.
The first Baron Rodney was George Brydges Rodney (1718/19–92), a British naval admiral of Napoleonic times.
It is one of the nine Thankful Villages in Somerset which suffered no fatalities during World War I. There is a memorial window in the Parish Church together with a new plaque that testifies to the village's enduring pride in their good fortune.
The parish council has responsibility for local issues, including setting an annual precept (local rate) to cover the council's operating costs and producing annual accounts for public scrutiny. The parish council evaluates local planning applications and works with the local police, district council officers, and neighbourhood watch groups on matters of crime, security, and traffic. The parish council's role also includes initiating projects for the maintenance and repair of parish facilities, as well as consulting with the district council on the maintenance, repair, and improvement of highways, drainage, footpaths, public transport, and street cleaning. Conservation matters (including trees and listed buildings) and environmental issues are also the responsibility of the council.
The village falls within the Non-metropolitan district of Mendip, which was formed on 1 April 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972, having previously been part of Wells Rural District, which is responsible for local planning and building control, local roads, council housing, environmental health, markets and fairs, refuse collection and recycling, cemeteries and crematoria, leisure services, parks, and tourism.
Somerset County Council is responsible for running the largest and most expensive local services such as education, social services, libraries, main roads, public transport, policing and fire services, trading standards, waste disposal and strategic planning.
The village is in the 'Rodney and Westbury' electoral ward. The ward starts in the north west at Draycott and passes through Rodney Stoke to end at Westbury-sub-Mendip. The total population of the ward as at the 2011 census was 2,127.
It is also part of the Wells county constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election.
The land is noteworthy for its importance as a flight corridor and feeding ground for the Greater Horseshoe Bat. Cheddar Complex, a Site of Special Scientific Interest, lies to the north and Mascalls' Wood, an ancient woodland and Somerset Wildlife Trust Nature Reserve, lies to the west. The cross roads may be the site of an old Roman road.
Close to the village is the Rodney Stoke nature reserve, which is a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI).
The church of St Leonard, was built around 1175 and is a Grade I listed building. The interior of the church contains a screen, bearing the date 1624, the gift of Sir Edward Rodney, which includes a representation of the martyrdom of St Erasmus, who was killed by having his entrails removed.
Notable residents
Edward Rodney (1590–1657), MP for Wells and Somerset at various times between 1621 and 1642, lived in Rodney Stoke and was buried there.
John Rodney (died 1400), MP for Somerset, 1391–1393, lived in Rodney Stoke.
Frances Southwell (died 1659), courtier and wife of Edward Rodney, lived in Rodney Stoke.
Thomas Tremlett (1834–1894), first-class cricketer, was born in Rodney Stoke.
Somerset is a ceremonial county in South West England. It is bordered by the Bristol Channel, Gloucestershire, and Bristol to the north, Wiltshire to the east and the north-east, Dorset to the south-east, and Devon to the south-west. The largest settlement is the city of Bath, and the county town is Taunton.
Somerset is a predominantly rural county, especially to the south and west, with an area of 4,171 km2 (1,610 sq mi) and a population of 965,424. After Bath (101,557), the largest settlements are Weston-super-Mare (82,418), Taunton (60,479), and Yeovil (49,698). Wells (12,000) is a city, the second-smallest by population in England. For local government purposes the county comprises three unitary authority areas: Bath and North East Somerset, North Somerset, and Somerset.
The centre of Somerset is dominated by the Levels, a coastal plain and wetland, and the north-east and west of the county are hilly. The north-east contains part of the Cotswolds AONB, all of the Mendip Hills AONB, and a small part of Cranborne Chase and West Wiltshire Downs AONB; the west contains the Quantock Hills AONB, a majority of Exmoor National Park, and part of the Blackdown Hills AONB. The main rivers in the county are the Avon, which flows through Bath and then Bristol, and the Axe, Brue, and Parrett, which drain the Levels.
There is evidence of Paleolithic human occupation in Somerset, and the area was subsequently settled by the Celts, Romans and Anglo-Saxons. The county played a significant part in Alfred the Great's rise to power, and later the English Civil War and the Monmouth Rebellion. In the later medieval period its wealth allowed its monasteries and parish churches to be rebuilt in grand style; Glastonbury Abbey was particularly important, and claimed to house the tomb of King Arthur and Guinevere. The city of Bath is famous for its Georgian architecture, and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The county is also the location of Glastonbury Festival, one of the UK's major music festivals.
Somerset is a historic county in the south west of England. There is evidence of human occupation since prehistoric times with hand axes and flint points from the Palaeolithic and Mesolithic eras, and a range of burial mounds, hill forts and other artefacts dating from the Neolithic, Bronze and Iron Ages. The oldest dated human road work in Great Britain is the Sweet Track, constructed across the Somerset Levels with wooden planks in the 39th century BCE.
Following the Roman Empire's invasion of southern Britain, the mining of lead and silver in the Mendip Hills provided a basis for local industry and commerce. Bath became the site of a major Roman fort and city, the remains of which can still be seen. During the Early Medieval period Somerset was the scene of battles between the Anglo-Saxons and first the Britons and later the Danes. In this period it was ruled first by various kings of Wessex, and later by kings of England. Following the defeat of the Anglo-Saxon monarchy by the Normans in 1066, castles were built in Somerset.
Expansion of the population and settlements in the county continued during the Tudor and more recent periods. Agriculture and coal mining expanded until the 18th century, although other industries declined during the industrial revolution. In modern times the population has grown, particularly in the seaside towns, notably Weston-super-Mare. Agriculture continues to be a major business, if no longer a major employer because of mechanisation. Light industries are based in towns such as Bridgwater and Yeovil. The towns of Taunton and Shepton Mallet manufacture cider, although the acreage of apple orchards is less than it once was.
The Palaeolithic and Mesolithic periods saw hunter-gatherers move into the region of Somerset. There is evidence from flint artefacts in a quarry at Westbury that an ancestor of modern man, possibly Homo heidelbergensis, was present in the area from around 500,000 years ago. There is still some doubt about whether the artefacts are of human origin but they have been dated within Oxygen Isotope Stage 13 (524,000 – 478,000 BP). Other experts suggest that "many of the bone-rich Middle Pleistocene deposits belong to a single but climatically variable interglacial that succeeded the Cromerian, perhaps about 500,000 years ago. Detailed analysis of the origin and modification of the flint artefacts leads to the conclusion that the assemblage was probably a product of geomorphological processes rather than human work, but a single cut-marked bone suggests a human presence." Animal bones and artefacts unearthed in the 1980s at Westbury-sub-Mendip, in Somerset, have shown evidence of early human activity approximately 700,000 years ago.
Homo sapiens sapiens, or modern man, came to Somerset during the Early Upper Palaeolithic. There is evidence of occupation of four Mendip caves 35,000 to 30,000 years ago. During the Last Glacial Maximum, about 25,000 to 15,000 years ago, it is probable that Somerset was deserted as the area experienced tundra conditions. Evidence was found in Gough's Cave of deposits of human bone dating from around 12,500 years ago. The bones were defleshed and probably ritually buried though perhaps related to cannibalism being practised in the area at the time or making skull cups or storage containers. Somerset was one of the first areas of future England settled following the end of Younger Dryas phase of the last ice age c. 8000 BC. Cheddar Man is the name given to the remains of a human male found in Gough's Cave in Cheddar Gorge. He is Britain's oldest complete human skeleton. The remains date from about 7150 BC, and it appears that he died a violent death. Somerset is thought to have been occupied by Mesolithic hunter-gatherers from about 6000 BCE; Mesolithic artefacts have been found in more than 70 locations. Mendip caves were used as burial places, with between 50 and 100 skeletons being found in Aveline's Hole. In the Neolithic era, from about 3500 BCE, there is evidence of farming.
At the end of the last ice age the Bristol Channel was dry land, but later the sea level rose, particularly between 1220 and 900 BC and between 800 and 470 BCE, resulting in major coastal changes. The Somerset Levels became flooded, but the dry points such as Glastonbury and Brent Knoll have a long history of settlement, and are known to have been occupied by Mesolithic hunters. The county has prehistoric burial mounds (such as Stoney Littleton Long Barrow), stone rows (such as the circles at Stanton Drew and Priddy) and settlement sites. Evidence of Mesolithic occupation has come both from the upland areas, such as in Mendip caves, and from the low land areas such as the Somerset Levels. Dry points in the latter such as Glastonbury Tor and Brent Knoll, have a long history of settlement with wooden trackways between them. There were also "lake villages" in the marsh such as those at Glastonbury Lake Village and Meare. One of the oldest dated human road work in Britain is the Sweet Track, constructed across the Somerset Levels with wooden planks in the 39th century BC, partially on the route of the even earlier Post Track.
There is evidence of Exmoor's human occupation from Mesolithic times onwards. In the Neolithic period people started to manage animals and grow crops on farms cleared from the woodland, rather than act purely as hunter gatherers. It is also likely that extraction and smelting of mineral ores to make tools, weapons, containers and ornaments in bronze and then iron started in the late Neolithic and into the Bronze and Iron Ages.
The caves of the Mendip Hills were settled during the Neolithic period and contain extensive archaeological sites such as those at Cheddar Gorge. There are numerous Iron Age Hill Forts, which were later reused in the Dark Ages, such as Cadbury Castle, Worlebury Camp and Ham Hill. The age of the henge monument at Stanton Drew stone circles is unknown, but is believed to be from the Neolithic period. There is evidence of mining on the Mendip Hills back into the late Bronze Age when there were technological changes in metal working indicated by the use of lead. There are numerous "hill forts", such as Small Down Knoll, Solsbury Hill, Dolebury Warren and Burledge Hill, which seem to have had domestic purposes, not just a defensive role. They generally seem to have been occupied intermittently from the Bronze Age onward, some, such as Cadbury Camp at South Cadbury, being refurbished during different eras. Battlegore Burial Chamber is a Bronze Age burial chamber at Williton which is composed of three round barrows and possibly a long, chambered barrow.
The Iron Age tribes of later Somerset were the Dobunni in north Somerset, Durotriges in south Somerset and Dumnonii in west Somerset. The first and second produced coins, the finds of which allows their tribal areas to be suggested, but the latter did not. All three had a Celtic culture and language. However, Ptolemy stated that Bath was in the territory of the Belgae, but this may be a mistake. The Celtic gods were worshipped at the temple of Sulis at Bath and possibly the temple on Brean Down. Iron Age sites on the Quantock Hills, include major hill forts at Dowsborough and Ruborough, as well as smaller earthwork enclosures, such as Trendle Ring, Elworthy Barrows and Plainsfield Camp.
Somerset was part of the Roman Empire from 47 AD to about 409 AD. However, the end was not abrupt and elements of Romanitas lingered on for perhaps a century.
Somerset was invaded from the south-east by the Second Legion Augusta, under the future emperor Vespasian. The hillforts of the Durotriges at Ham Hill and Cadbury Castle were captured. Ham Hill probably had a temporary Roman occupation. The massacre at Cadbury Castle seems to have been associated with the later Boudiccan Revolt of 60–61 AD. The county remained part of the Roman Empire until around 409 AD.
The Roman invasion, and possibly the preceding period of involvement in the internal affairs of the south of England, was inspired in part by the potential of the Mendip Hills. A great deal of the attraction of the lead mines may have been the potential for the extraction of silver.
Forts were set up at Bath and Ilchester. The lead and silver mines at Charterhouse in the Mendip Hills were run by the military. The Romans established a defensive boundary along the new military road known the Fosse Way (from the Latin fossa meaning ditch). The Fosse Way ran through Bath, Shepton Mallet, Ilchester and south-west towards Axminster. The road from Dorchester ran through Yeovil to meet the Fosse Way at Ilchester. Small towns and trading ports were set up, such as Camerton and Combwich. The larger towns decayed in the latter part of the period, though the smaller ones appear to have decayed less. In the latter part of the period, Ilchester seems to have been a "civitas" capital and Bath may also have been one. Particularly to the east of the River Parrett, villas were constructed. However, only a few Roman sites have been found to the west of the river. The villas have produced important mosaics and artifacts. Cemeteries have been found outside the Roman towns of Somerset and by Roman temples such as that at Lamyatt. Romano-British farming settlements, such as those at Catsgore and Sigwells, have been found in Somerset. There was salt production on the Somerset Levels near Highbridge and quarrying took place near Bath, where the Roman Baths gave their name to Bath.
Excavations carried out before the flooding of Chew Valley Lake also uncovered Roman remains, indicating agricultural and industrial activity from the second half of the 1st century until the 3rd century AD. The finds included a moderately large villa at Chew Park, where wooden writing tablets (the first in the UK) with ink writing were found. There is also evidence from the Pagans Hill Roman Temple at Chew Stoke. In October 2001 the West Bagborough Hoard of 4th century Roman silver was discovered in West Bagborough. The 681 coins included two denarii from the early 2nd century and 8 Miliarense and 671 Siliqua all dating to the period AD 337 – 367. The majority were struck in the reigns of emperors Constantius II and Julian and derive from a range of mints including Arles and Lyons in France, Trier in Germany and Rome.
In April 2010, the Frome Hoard, one of the largest-ever hoards of Roman coins discovered in Britain, was found by a metal detectorist. The hoard of 52,500 coins dated from the 3rd century AD and was found buried in a field near Frome, in a jar 14 inches (36 cm) below the surface. The coins were excavated by archaeologists from the Portable Antiquities Scheme.
This is the period from about 409 AD to the start of Saxon political control, which was mainly in the late 7th century, though they are said to have captured the Bath area in 577 AD. Initially the Britons of Somerset seem to have continued much as under the Romans but without the imperial taxation and markets. There was then a period of civil war in Britain though it is not known how this affected Somerset. The Western Wandsdyke may have been constructed in this period but archaeological data shows that it was probably built during the 5th or 6th century. This area became the border between the Romano-British Celts and the West Saxons following the Battle of Deorham in 577 AD. The ditch is on the north side, so presumably it was used by the Celts as a defence against Saxons encroaching from the upper Thames Valley. According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, the Saxon Cenwalh achieved a breakthrough against the British Celtic tribes, with victories at Bradford-on-Avon (in the Avon Gap in the Wansdyke) in 652 AD, and further south at the Battle of Peonnum (at Penselwood) in 658 AD, followed by an advance west through the Polden Hills to the River Parrett.
The Saxon advance from the east seems to have been halted by battles between the British and Saxons, for example; at the siege of Badon Mons Badonicus (which may have been in the Bath region e.g. at Solsbury Hill), or Bathampton Down. During the 5th, 6th and 7th centuries, Somerset was probably partly in the Kingdom of Dumnonia, partly in the land of the Durotriges and partly in that of the Dobunni. The boundaries between these is largely unknown, but may have been similar to those in the Iron Age. Various "tyrants" seem to have controlled territories from reoccupied hill forts. There is evidence of an elite at hill forts such as Cadbury Castle and Cadbury Camp; for example, there is imported pottery. Cemeteries are an important source of evidence for the period and large ones have been found in Somerset, such as that at Cannington, which was used from the Roman to the Saxon period. The towns of Somerset seem to have been little used during that period but there continued to be farming on the villa sites and at the Romano-British villages.
There may have been effects from plague and volcanic eruption during this period as well as marine transgression into the Levels.
The language spoken during this period is thought to be Southwestern Brythonic, but only one or two inscribed stones survive in Somerset from this period. However, a couple of curse tablets found in the baths at Bath may be in this language. Some place names in Somerset seem to be Celtic in origin and may be from this period or earlier, e.g. Tarnock. Some river names, such as Parrett, may be Celtic or pre-Celtic. The religion of the people of Somerset in this period is thought to be Christian but it was isolated from Rome until after the Council of Hertford in 673 AD when Aldhelm was asked to write a letter to Geraint of Dumnonia and his bishops. Some church sites in Somerset are thought to date from this period, e.g., Llantokay Street.
Most of what is known of the history of this period comes from Gildas's On the Ruin of Britain, which is thought to have been written in Durotrigan territory, possibly at Glastonbury.
The earliest fortification of Taunton started for King Ine of Wessex and Æthelburg, in or about the year 710 AD. However, according to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle this was destroyed 12 years later.
This is the period from the late 7th century (for most of Somerset) to 1066, though for part of the 10th and 11th centuries England was under Danish control. Somerset, like Dorset to the south, held the West Saxon advance from Wiltshire/Hampshire back for over a century, remaining a frontier between the Saxons and the Romano-British Celts.
The Saxons conquered Bath following the Battle of Deorham in 577, and the border was probably established along the line of the Wansdyke to the north of the Mendip Hills. Then Cenwalh of Wessex broke through at Bradford-on-Avon in 652, and the Battle of Peonnum possibly at Penselwood in 658, advancing west through the Polden Hills to the River Parrett. In 661 the Saxons may have advanced into what is now Devon as a result of a battle fought at Postesburh, possibly Posbury near Crediton.
Then in the period 681–85 Centwine of Wessex conquered King Cadwaladr and "advanced as far as the sea", but it is not clear where this was. It is assumed that the Saxons occupied the rest of Somerset about this time. The Saxon rule was consolidated under King Ine, who established a fort at Taunton, demolished by his wife in 722. It is sometimes said that he built palaces at Somerton and South Petherton but this does not seem to be the case. He fought against Geraint in 710. In 705 the diocese of Sherborne was formed, taking in Wessex west of Selwood. Saxon kings granted land in Somerset by charter from the 7th century onward. The way and extent to which the Britons survived under the Saxons is a debatable matter. However, King Ine's laws make provision for Britons. Somerset originally formed part of Wessex and latter became a separate "shire". Somersetshire seems to have been formed within Wessex during the 8th century though it is not recorded as a name until later. Mints were set up at times in various places in Somerset in the Saxon period, e.g., Watchet.
Somerset played an important part in defeating the spread of the Danes in the 9th century. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle records that in 845 Alderman Eanwulf, with the men of Somersetshire (Sumorsǣte), and Bishop Ealstan, and Alderman Osric, with the men of Dorsetshire, conquered the Danish army at the mouth of the Parret. This was the first known use of the name Somersæte. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle reports that in January 878 the King Alfred the Great fled into the marshes of Somerset from the Viking's invasion and made a fort at Athelney. From the fort Alfred was able to organize a resistance using the local militias from Somerset, Wiltshire and Hampshire.
Viking raids took place for instance in 987 and 997 at Watchet and the Battle of Cynwit. King Alfred was driven to seek refuge from the Danes at Athelney before defeating them at the Battle of Ethandun in 878, usually considered to be near Edington, Wiltshire, but possibly the village of Edington in Somerset. Alfred established a series of forts and lookout posts linked by a military road, or Herepath, so his army could cover Viking movements at sea. The Herepath has a characteristic form which is familiar on the Quantocks: a regulation 20 m wide track between avenues of trees growing from hedge laying embankments. The Herepath ran from the ford on the River Parrett at Combwich, past Cannington hill fort to Over Stowey, where it climbed the Quantocks along the line of the current Stowey road, to Crowcombe Park Gate. Then it went south along the ridge, to Triscombe Stone. One branch may have led past Lydeard Hill and Buncombe Hill, back to Alfred's base at Athelney. The main branch descended the hills at Triscombe, then along the avenue to Red Post Cross, and west to the Brendon Hills and Exmoor. A peace treaty with the Danes was signed at Wedmore and the Danish king Guthrum the Old was baptised at Aller. Burhs (fortified places) had been set up by 919, such as Lyng. The Alfred Jewel, an object about 2.5 inch long, made of filigree gold, cloisonné-enamelled and with a rock crystal covering, was found in 1693 at Petherton Park, North Petherton. Believed to have been owned by Alfred the Great it is thought to have been the handle for a pointer that would have fit into the hole at its base and been used while reading a book.
Monasteries and minster churches were set up all over Somerset, with daughter churches from the minsters in manors. There was a royal palace at Cheddar, which was used at times in the 10th century to host the Witenagemot, and there is likely to have been a "central place" at Somerton, Bath, Glastonbury and Frome since the kings visited them. The towns of Somerset seem to have been in occupation in this period though evidence for this is limited because of subsequent buildings on top of remains from this period. Agriculture flourished in this period, with a re-organisation into centralised villages in the latter part in the east of the county.
In the period before the Norman Conquest, Somerset came under the control of Godwin, Earl of Wessex, and his family. There seems to have been some Danish settlement at Thurloxton and Spaxton, judging from the place-names. After the Norman Conquest, the county was divided into 700 fiefs, and large areas were owned by the crown, with fortifications such as Dunster Castle used for control and defence.
This period of Somerset's history is well documented, for example in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle and Asser's Life of Alfred.
This is the period from 1066 to around 1500. Following the defeat of the Saxons by the Normans in 1066, various castles were set up in Somerset by the new lords such as that at Dunster, and the manors was awarded to followers of William the Conqueror such as William de Moyon and Walter of Douai. Somerset does not seem to have played much part in the civil war in King Stephen's time, but Somerset lords were main players in the murder of Thomas Becket.
A good picture of the county in 1086 is given by Domesday Book, though there is some difficulty in identifying the various places since the hundreds are not specified. The total population given for the county, which had different boundaries to those today, was 13,399, however this only included the heads of households, so with their families this may have been around 67,000. Farming seems to have prospered for the next three centuries but was severely hit by the Black Death which in 1348 arrived in Dorset and quickly spread through Somerset, causing widespread mortality, perhaps as much as 50% in places. It re-occurred, resulting in a change in feudal practices since the manpower was no longer so available.
Reclamation of land from marsh in the Somerset Levels increased, largely under monastic influence. Crafts and industries also flourished, the Somerset woollen industry being one of the largest in England at this time. "New towns" were founded in this period in Somerset, i.e. Newport, but were not successful. Coal mining on the Mendips was an important source of wealth while quarrying also took place, an example is near Bath.
The towns grew, again often by monastic instigation, during this period and fairs were started. The church was very powerful at this period, particularly Glastonbury Abbey. After their church burnt down, the monks there "discovered" the tomb of "King Arthur" and were able rebuild their church. There were over 20 monasteries in Somerset at this period including the priory at Hinton Charterhouse which was founded in 1232 by Ela, Countess of Salisbury who also founded Lacock Abbey. Many parish churches were re-built in this period. Between 1107 and 1129 William Giffard the Chancellor of King Henry I, converted the bishop's hall in Taunton into Taunton Castle. Bridgwater Castle was built in 1202 by William Brewer. It passed to the king in 1233 and in 1245 repairs were ordered to its motte and towers. During the 11th century Second Barons' War against Henry III, Bridgwater was held by the barons against the King. In the English Civil War the town and the castle were held by the Royalists under Colonel Sir Francis Wyndham. Eventually, with many buildings destroyed in the town, the castle and its valuable contents were surrendered to the Parliamentarians. The castle itself was deliberately destroyed in 1645.
During the Middle Ages sheep farming for the wool trade came to dominate the economy of Exmoor. The wool was spun into thread on isolated farms and collected by merchants to be woven, fulled, dyed and finished in thriving towns such as Dunster. The land started to be enclosed and from the 17th century onwards larger estates developed, leading to establishment of areas of large regular shaped fields. During this period a Royal Forest and hunting ground was established, administered by the Warden. The Royal Forest was sold off in 1818.
In the medieval period the River Parrett was used to transport Hamstone from the quarry at Ham Hill, Bridgwater was part of the Port of Bristol until the Port of Bridgwater was created in 1348, covering 80 miles (130 km) of the Somerset coast line, from the Devon border to the mouth of the River Axe. Historically, the main port on the river was at Bridgwater; the river being bridged at this point, with the first bridge being constructed in 1200 AD. Quays were built in 1424; with another quay, the Langport slip, being built in 1488 upstream of the Town Bridge. A Customs House was sited at Bridgwater, on West Quay; and a dry dock, launching slips and a boat yard on East Quay. The river was navigable, with care, to Bridgwater Town Bridge by 400 to 500 tonnes (440 to 550 tons) vessels. By trans-shipping into barges at the Town Bridge the Parrett was navigable as far as Langport and (via the River Yeo) to Ilchester.
This is the period from around 1500 to 1800. In the 1530s, the monasteries were dissolved and their lands bought from the king by various important families in Somerset. By 1539, Glastonbury Abbey was the only monastery left, its abbot Richard Whiting was then arrested and executed on the orders of Thomas Cromwell. From the Tudor to the Georgian times, farming specialised and techniques improved, leading to increases in population, although no new towns seem to have been founded. Large country houses such as at Hinton St George and Montacute House were built at this time.
The Bristol Channel floods of 1607 are believed to have affected large parts of the Somerset Levels with flooding up to 8 feet (2 m) above sea level. In 1625, a House of Correction was established in Shepton Mallet and, today, HMP Shepton Mallet is England's oldest prison still in use.
During the English Civil War, Somerset was largely Parliamentarian, although Dunster was a Royalist stronghold. The county was the site of important battles between the Royalists and the Parliamentarians, notably the Battle of Lansdowne in 1643 and the Battle of Langport in 1645. The castle changed hands several times during 1642–45 along with the town. During the Siege of Taunton it was defended by Robert Blake, from July 1644 to July 1645. This war resulted in castles being destroyed to prevent their re-use.
In 1685, the Duke of Monmouth led the Monmouth Rebellion in which Somerset people fought against James II. The rebels landed at Lyme Regis and travelled north hoping to capture Bristol and Bath, puritan soldiers damaged the west front of Wells Cathedral, tore lead from the roof to make bullets, broke the windows, smashed the organ and the furnishings, and for a time stabled their horses in the nave. They were defeated in the Battle of Sedgemoor at Westonzoyland, the last battle fought on English soil. The Bloody Assizes which followed saw the losers being sentenced to death or transportation.
The Society of Friends established itself in Street in the mid-17th century, and among the close-knit group of Quaker families were the Clarks: Cyrus started a business in sheepskin rugs, later joined by his brother James, who introduced the production of woollen slippers and, later, boots and shoes. C&J Clark still has its headquarters in Street, but shoes are no longer manufactured there. Instead, in 1993, redundant factory buildings were converted to form Clarks Village, the first purpose-built factory outlet in the United Kingdom.
The 18th century was largely one of peace and declining industrial prosperity in Somerset. The Industrial Revolution in the Midlands and Northern England spelt the end for most of Somerset's cottage industries. However, farming continued to flourish, with the Bath and West of England Agricultural Society being founded in 1777 to improve methods. John Billingsley conducted a survey of the county's agriculture in 1795 but found that methods could still be improved.
Arthur Wellesley took his title, Duke of Wellington from the town of Wellington. He is commemorated on a nearby hill with a large, spotlit obelisk, known as the Wellington Monument.
In north Somerset, mining in the Somerset coalfield was an important industry, and in an effort to reduce the cost of transporting the coal the Somerset Coal Canal was built; part of it was later converted into a railway. Other canals included the Bridgwater and Taunton Canal, Westport Canal, Grand Western Canal, Glastonbury Canal and Chard Canal.[9] The Dorset and Somerset Canal was proposed, but very little of it was ever constructed.
The 19th century saw improvements to Somerset's roads with the introduction of turnpikes and the building of canals and railways. The usefulness of the canals was short-lived, though they have now been restored for recreation. The railways were nationalised after the Second World War, but continued until 1965, when smaller lines were scrapped; two were transferred back to private ownership as "heritage" lines.
In 1889, Somerset County Council was created, replacing the administrative functions of the Quarter Sessions.
The population of Somerset has continued to grow since 1800, when it was 274,000, particularly in the seaside towns such as Weston-super-Mare. Some population decline occurred earlier in the period in the villages, but this has now been reversed, and by 1951 the population of Somerset was 551,000.
Chard claims to be the birthplace of powered flight, as it was here in 1848 that the Victorian aeronautical pioneer John Stringfellow first demonstrated that engine-powered flight was possible through his work on the Aerial Steam Carriage. North Petherton was the first town in England (and one of the few ever) to be lit by acetylene gas lighting, supplied by the North Petherton Rosco Acetylene Company. Street lights were provided in 1906. Acetylene was replaced in 1931 by coal gas produced in Bridgwater, as well as by the provision of an electricity supply.
Around the 1860s, at the height of the iron and steel era, a pier and a deep-water dock were built, at Portishead, by the Bristol & Portishead Pier and Railway to accommodate the large ships that had difficulty in reaching Bristol Harbour. The Portishead power stations were coal-fed power stations built next to the dock. Construction work started on Portishead "A" power station in 1926. It began generating electricity in 1929 for the Bristol Corporation's Electricity Department. In 1951, Albright and Wilson built a chemical works on the opposite side of the dock from the power stations. The chemical works produced white phosphorus from phosphate rock imported, through the docks, into the UK. The onset of new generating capacity at Pembroke (oil-fired) and Didcot (coal-fired) in the mid-1970s brought about the closure of the older, less efficient "A" Station. The newer of the two power stations ("B" Station) was converted to burn oil when the Somerset coalfields closed. Industrial activities ceased in the dock with the closure of the power stations. The Port of Bristol Authority finally closed the dock in 1992, and it has now been developed into a marina and residential area.
During the First World War hundreds of Somerset soldiers were killed, and war memorials were put up in most of the towns and villages; only a few villages escaped casualties. There were also casualties – though much fewer – during the Second World War, who were added to the memorials. The county was a base for troops preparing for the 1944 D-Day landings, and some Somerset hospitals still date partly from that time. The Royal Ordnance Factory ROF Bridgwater was constructed early in World War II for the Ministry of Supply. It was designed as an Explosive ROF, to produce RDX, which was then a new experimental high-explosive. It obtained water supplies from two sources via the Somerset Levels: the artificial Huntspill River which was dug during the construction of the factory and also from the King's Sedgemoor Drain, which was widened at the same time. The Taunton Stop Line was set up to resist a potential German invasion, and the remains of its pill boxes can still be seen, as well as others along the coast. A decoy town was constructed on Black Down, intended to represent the blazing lights of a town which had neglected to follow the black-out regulations. Sites in the county housed Prisoner of War camps including: Norton Fitzwarren, Barwick, Brockley, Goathurst and Wells. Various airfields were built or converted from civilian use including: RNAS Charlton Horethorne (HMS Heron II), RAF Weston-super-Mare, RNAS Yeovilton (HMS Heron), Yeovil/Westland Airport, RAF Weston Zoyland, RAF Merryfield, RAF Culmhead and RAF Charmy Down.
Exmoor was one of the first British National Parks, designated in 1954, under the 1949 National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act. and is named after its main river. It was expanded in 1991 and in 1993 Exmoor was designated as an Environmentally Sensitive Area. The Quantock Hills were designated as an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) in 1956, the first such designation in England under the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949. The Mendip Hills followed with AONB designation in 1972.
Hinkley Point A nuclear power station was a Magnox power station constructed between 1957 and 1962 and operating until ceasing generation in 2000. Hinkley Point B is an Advanced Gas-cooled Reactor (AGR) which was designed to generate 1250 MW of electricity (MWe). Construction of Hinkley Point B started in 1967. In September 2008 it was announced, by Électricité de France (EDF), that a third, twin-unit European Pressurised Reactor (EPR) power station known as Hinkley Point C is planned, to replace Hinkley Point B which was due for closure in 2016, but has now has its life extended until 2022.
Somerset today has only two small cities, Bath and Wells, and only small towns in comparison with other areas of England. Tourism is a major source of employment along the coast, and in Bath and Cheddar for example. Other attractions include Exmoor, West Somerset Railway, Haynes Motor Museum and the Fleet Air Arm Museum as well as the churches and the various National Trust and English Heritage properties in Somerset.
Agriculture continues to be a major business, if no longer a major employer because of mechanisation. Light industries take place in towns such as Bridgwater and Yeovil. The towns of Taunton and Shepton Mallet manufacture cider, although the number of apple orchards has reduced.
In the late 19th century the boundaries of Somerset were slightly altered, but the main change came in 1974 when the county of Avon was set up. The northern part of Somerset was removed from the administrative control of Somerset County Council. On abolition of the county of Avon in 1996, these areas became separate administrative authorities, "North Somerset" and "Bath and North East Somerset". The Department for Communities and Local Government was considering a proposal by Somerset County Council to change Somerset's administrative structure by abolishing the five districts to create a Somerset unitary authority. The changes were planned to be implemented no later than 1 April 2009. However, support for the county council's bid was not guaranteed and opposition among the district council and local population was strong; 82% of people responding to a referendum organised by the five district councils rejected the proposals. It was confirmed in July 2007 that the government had rejected the proposals for unitary authorities in Somerset, and that the present two-tier arrangements of Somerset County Council and the district councils will remain.
Eric Evans gives his keynote on Strategic Design at the DDD eXchange 2009, the worlds 1st dedicated conference on Domain Driven Design
Webcasts at skillsmatter.com/event-details/design-architecture/ddd-ex...
Tweets tagged as #dddexchange
This F1 paper car is a Honda Lotus 99T (driven by Ayrton Senna), a Formula One racing car designed by Gérard Ducarouge for Lotus for use in the 1987 season, the paper model is created by Zenit, and the scale is in 1:24.
You can download the papercraft model template here: F1 Paper Model - 1987 Ho...
www.papercraftsquare.com/f1-paper-model-1987-honda-lotus-...
ITU Workshop on Telecommunication Service Quality
Regulatory Frameworks and Experience-Driven Networking
26 November 2018, Geneva, Switzerland
©ITU/D.Woldu
True Directional Concave Design
Available In: Mica Grey with Machined Face / Metallic Silver with Machined Face
These two photos were my favorites from today, so I just had to upload both of them.
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A whole bunch more from the Driven Show. Finished my processing today, and delivered them to the clients.
Source: www.maritimejournal.com/archive101/2002/november/vessel_l...
Anglian Princess is the first of a pair of sister-ships intended to fulfil a vital role in a prestigious contract with the Maritime and Coastguard Agency as Emergency Towing Vessels (ETVs) under a contract awarded in February 2001. Klyne Tugs provide four powerful tugs to assist in protecting the British coastline against marine accidents and any resulting pollution
Anglian Princess was constructed to a Rolls Royce Ulstein UT 719-T design for an anchor handling tug/supply vessel in 2001 (?). The 67m ship is intended primarily for towage and salvage in its present role but is fully equipped to carry out the normal duties of an offshore anchor-handler. Operating under the British flag, the vessel is classed Lloyds Class +100 +LMC, UMS.
The hull follows the well-established UT 700 series configuration and has a length overall of 67.4m, a breadth of 15.5m, a maximum draft of 6.2m and a gross tonnage of 2258 tons.
In common with all UT 700 vessels, sea-keeping qualities are enhanced with a high forecastle and ample freeboard. The clear working deck aft has an area of 344sq/m and a maximum cargo capacity of 700 tonnes.
Substantial guard-rails are fitted, as per normal offshore practice, and the open stern incorporates a 2.5m diameter roller with a safe working load of 500 tonnes.
Two Wartsila 16V 32LND diesels rated at 16,500bhp/ 12,000kW (total) running at 750rev/min MCR supply power for the vessel's main propulsion system. The main engines run at constant speed and transmit power through Rolls Royce Ulstein gearboxes to controllable pitch propellers, rotating within fixed nozzles. Twin 'high lift' flap rudders are operated by Tenfjord SR 662 steering gear and can be controlled independently or in unison.
This propulsion system gives the vessel a bollard pull of over 180 tonnes and a maximum free running speed of 17 knots.
Representative fuel consumption figures are quoted as 45 tonnes per day at 17 knots and 24 tonnes per day at 12 knots. For a vessel of its size Anglian Princess is extremely manoeuvrable, a feature aided by two electrically powered bow thrusters of 588kW and a similar stern thruster of 660kW.
Electrical power aboard a vessel of this type is an extremely important factor. Two AVK shaft generators, coupled to the propulsion gearboxes each have an output of 2,800kVA, at 440V, 60Hz. Two Cummins powered auxiliary generators are also installed. One for general use rated at 300kW and a smaller unit of 70kW for emergency and standby use. Electrical power is controlled and distributed through large switchboards located in the engine control room. The control room, situated forward of the engine room houses controls, monitoring and alarm systems for main propulsion, power generation, tank capacities and auxiliary machinery.
The towing winch installed in Anglian Princess is a massive Brattvag, triple drum, hydraulically powered, machine with a line pull on each drum of 300 tonnes and brake holding capacity of 450 tonnes. Each drum is capable of holding 1500m of 76mm diameter steel wire rope. Non-declutchable cable lifters are fitted, on the port and starboard ends, to handle 3.25in chain. Also provided are hydraulically powered reels for spare towlines, anchor-handling wires and pennants. Line handling equipment includes a set of Karm forks and towing pins with a safe working load of 500 tonnes, located forward of the stern roller.
Other deck equipment includes two 10 tonne hydraulic tugger winches, two 10 tonne capstans, and an ROV approved deck crane. Supplied by 'Crane Power', the latter has a capacity of 3 tonnes at 15m radius.
Stowed beneath it's own single arm davit is a Viking fast rescue boat. On the foredeck, a Brattvag windlass is equipped with two cable lifters to handle a pair of Spek anchors each with 460m of 38mm chain. The windlass is also fitted with two mooring drums and two warping heads.
Anglian Princess is equipped for fire fighting with two Skum 'Fire Chief' combined water /foam monitors located at the after end of the bridge deck.
Water is supplied to the monitors by two Skum SFP250X350 pumps each with a capacity of 1200cu/m/hr. The pumps are driven from the front of each main engine via Norgear 'step-up' gearboxes.
The spacious, well glazed, wheelhouse is divided into three distinct areas - the main console and forward control position, the after control position with windows overlooking the afterdeck and winches, and the radio and communications desk.
Located on the main console are the main propulsion controls and all of the equipment needed to navigate the vessel at sea.
An Anschultz Nautopilot NP 2010 autopilot is fitted, takes inputs from a Standard 20 plus gyro-compass from the same manufacturer. An extensive Furuno 'bridge electronics package' includes Furuno S-band FAR 2835 S and X-band FAR 2825 radars, two Furuno GPS 80 global positioning systems, an FE 700 echo-sounder (with a repeater at the aft station), a DS80 speedlog, and Furuno GD 380 ECDIS display and video plotter.
When manoeuvring the vessel can be controlled using the Rolls Royce 'Poscon' P450, single joystick control system that fully integrates the functions of main propulsion, rudders and bow and stern thrusters. The system enables the vessel to be moved in any direction while a predetermined heading is maintained. A neat 'joystick' controller is provided in three locations, the bridge wings and aft control position. The aft control position, as with all modern vessels of this type, has an exceptional view aft and is the natural location from which to control the vessel whilst manoeuvring to pick up a tow, anchor-handling and many similar operations. All of the major propulsion and winch controls, and many essential navigational and communications systems are duplicated on three consoles adjacent to a pair of fully adjustable chairs.
The radio desk and main console carry an extensive outfit of communication equipment.
A Furuno SSB Transceiver FS-1562-25 and Furuno DSC-60 radios are installed along with FM 850 and FM 8700. A Furuno Felcom 82a satellite communications system is installed with facilities for phone, fax, data and telex. A Telular Corporation SX4e GSM system also provides facilities for phone, fax and data. Navtex is handled by a Furuno NX 50 set and Weather fax by a Furuno FAX 214. An onboard telephone network covers the entire vessel and is controlled by a fully automatic Vingtor ASA-101 exchange. McMurdo R2 handheld VHF radios are provided for GMDSS use and UHM sets are carried for general local communication.
The accommodation aboard Anglian Princess is extensive, fitted out to a good standard, and can be fully air-conditioned.
Fourteen single and three double cabins all have en-suite facilities.
A well equipped ships office, a reception and conference room, and crew lounge are also provided, along with a hospital and a normal galley and laundry.
Storage facilities throughout the vessel are more than adequate for both, domestic, engineering and marine equipment and a small but well equipped workshop is situated aft of the main engine room.
This F1 paper car is a 1978 Spanish GP Arrows FA1 (driven by Rolf Stommelen), a Formula One racing car used by the Arrows team during the 1978 Formula One season, the paper model is created by Stampa, and the scale is in 1:24. There is also a 1978 GP Brazil Arrows FA1 F1 Paper Car on the site...
www.papercraftsquare.com/f1-paper-model-1978-spanish-gp-a...
Hit 'L' to view on large.
Abandoned Farm "A" - On explore with Ratters and TDotCom.
Full set here: www.flickr.com/photos/41371468@N05/sets/72157629812340362/
Siam Park is considered as the biggest theme park, as well as biggest water park in Southeast Asia, as well as the oldest water park in Thailand. Since 2007, the park owner has completed the construction of six new attractions: Vortex - the first hanging invented coaster in Thailand, Boomerang - the reverse roller coaster, Giant Drop - 75 metre free fall, Aladdin - the magic carpet ride, Siam Park Tower - 100-metre automatic observation tower, and Condor - the twister.
Siam Park City is an amusement park and water park located on Seri Thai Road and Khan Na Yao District on 300 acre. It was established in 1980. It has the biggest artificial sea in the world. Moreover, it has a spa, many sizes of swimming pool and a 7 storey water slide. This place is call to the Sea of Bangkok and its slogan is Siam Park… World of happiness enjoy unforgettable Siam park was opened 38 years ago in November 1975 by the founder Chaiwat Luangamornlert. His aim was and still is, to bring fun to Thailand and put a smile on children's faces. The park now has 2 million visitors a year from all over the world and has some of the largest rides in the region.
The park is set in 120 acres and is considered to be the largest theme and water park in Southeast Asia. The idea for the water park was to create an oasis from the hustle and bustle of the city, as although Thailand has lots of beaches there are none in Bangkok. The wave pool is now the largest in the world as certified by Guinness World Records and stretches an impressive 13,600 sq m and is the only man made beach in the city. The theme park originally started off with only a few rides, but over the years the owner has expanded and it now has over 30 different rides.
The park has recently been under complete renovation and since 2007 the park owner has completed the construction of new attractions: Vortex, which is 1 of the 2 worlds largest suspended looping roller coaster, Boomerang, Giant Drop, Aladdin, Si-AmTower, Condor, Top-spin, Mega Dance and the Log Flume. There are also four new rides due to be completed within the next year, which include Pony Express a new family roller coaster.
Siam Park is separated into three main zones, the water park ( Siam Lagoon ), the amusement park ( Siam X-treme ) and a learning park ( Siam Genius ). It also has the Pathfinder camp located inside the park. Siam Park was not the first amusement park in Thailand, the first one is Happy land at Bang-kapi then Magic Land near Central Lat Phrao, but it was closed due to the end of their land-rental contract, making Siam Park the oldest existing park in the country.
I visited Siam Park known locally as Suan Siam, on June 6th 2010. I was surprised at what I found. Many of the rides where on par with theme parks around the world. But again like Dream World. I found everything looking tired. However that said the park was a great day out. The water park in particular was pleasant and the surroundings very well laid out. But some of the food stalls need to address their hygiene. Fly’s landing on exposed food does nothing for the appetite! Not all the stalls had this problem.
Siam Water Park is the most popular zone in the park in my view, offering the perfect place to cool down and escape the busy city streets. With plenty of shaded seating, families often spend the entire day here, jumping in and out of the river that flows through the park, which also boasts the largest wave pool in the world, with small waves and shallow areas suitable for all ages, and a gentle slope to paddle in. For older people the Super Spiral is great fun, with slides weaving in and out, and great fun for anyone over the age of eight! For smaller kids there are mini slides, and for daredevils – the speed slide!
One item to consider, the park opens at 10.00 am but that is for people wanting to go directly to the Water Park, the rest of the park and rides do not open until 11.00 am. When I was visiting I found quite a few of the rides closed altogether, I guess for refurbishment.
Entrance fees
Prices charged at the ticket counters are:
Adults, height over 130 centimetres
One day pass for Water Park and unlimited rides in the X-zone, Fantasy World and Family World including buffet lunch
1,100 Thai Baht
Children, height between 101 and 130 centimetres
One day pass for Water Park and unlimited rides in Family World and Small World including buffet lunch
850 Thai Baht
Children, height 100 centimetres and under
Free
Old photograph on cardboard, of a group of people in a Pre-1910 era automobile. "Mercedes driven to Conn." is written on the back.
This belt-driven, overhead cam engine (also available in a twin) was superbly engineered, but quite heavy and not practical for competitive flying. The power output was relatively low and could be increased with re-profiled cams, different plugs, and the addition of piston rings. Unlike its competitors the Jupiter was entirely machined from bar stock with no castings used. The lack of performance and added expense of machining from billet probably created a lack of sales.
See More Gasparin Engines at: www.flickr.com/photos/15794235@N06/sets/72157634737433127/
See Our Model Engine Collection at: www.flickr.com/photos/15794235@N06/sets/72157602933346098/
Courtesy of Paul and Paula Knapp
Miniature Engineering Museum
NELLES (Nellis), ROBERT, businessman, office holder, jp, politician, and militia officer; b. 6 Oct. 1761 in Tryon County, N.Y., eldest son of Hendrick William Nelles (Nellis); m. first 1788 Elizabeth Moore (d. 1813), and they had five sons and three daughters; m. secondly 1814 Maria Jane Waddell, the widow of Samuel Bingle, and they had two sons and four daughters; d. 27 July 1842 in Grimsby, Upper Canada.
According to family tradition, Robert Nelles was descended from a Huguenot family that was driven from France to the Palatinate (Federal Republic of Germany) following the revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685. In 1709 they were uprooted once again by a French invasion and found temporary asylum in England. From there they were bundled off, along with 4,000 Palatinate refugees, to populate the colony of New York. War followed them. William Nelles (Nellis), Robert’s grandfather, was pressed into taking part in an attack on New France within a year of his arrival in 1710. In 1759–60 Hendrick William Nelles, Robert’s father, served in Sir William Johnson*’s Indian Department, with which he saw action during the Seven Years’ War.
Friendship with the Indians had helped rebuild the family fortunes in New York, as it would later in Upper Canada. Abandoned by their British sponsors and denied title to their lands, the Palatinate immigrants had moved inland in the 1720s to settle among the Indians of the Mohawk valley. During the 1750s and 1760s Hendrick Nelles’s cousin George Klock was surrounded in controversy because of his method of obtaining land from the Mohawks at Canajoharie (near Little Falls, N.Y.). Klock apparently got the Indians drunk, bartered their clothes off their backs, and then tricked them into signing deeds to vast tracts of land for a pittance. Although it seems that Nelles was not involved in such deals, he certainly did acquire a great deal of land. When old associations called him back to the Indian Department in 1777 (or revolutionary tensions drove him back), he left behind property that he later valued at £3,760, not counting stock and equipment.
After 1777 the Indian Department strategy was simply to destroy the settlements in the interior of New York that supplied the Continental Army. Captain Nelles (he anglicized his name to Henry at this time) accompanied Indians on many savage raids back into his own Mohawk valley, sacking homesteads, burning crops, and killing and scalping settlers. Through his intervention the Old Palatine Church, which his family had helped build, and the Nelles homestead were spared destruction. On one of these murderous missions in 1780 Nelles “recovered” his teenage son Robert, who joined him at Fort Niagara (near Youngstown, N.Y.) as a lieutenant in the Indian Department. Robert proved as energetic and resourceful at frontier terrorism as his father, leading raids in 1781 and 1782 with a cool fury. He returned in modest triumph from the 1782 campaign with “a parcel of negroes & wenches” in tow, for which he found a ready market in Niagara. At the end of the war, both Robert and his father were released from the Indian Department, but were retained on half pay.
Understandably, neither father nor son returned after the war to the district that they had razed. Instead, they followed their Indian clients to the Grand River valley, where they settled and did a little fur trading. In February 1787 Joseph Brant [Thayendanegea*] arranged for some 4,254 acres on the Grand River to be deeded to Henry Nelles and his sons Robert and Warner “to be possessed by them and their posterity.” By the time of Henry Nelles’s death in 1791, five of his sons were settled in Upper Canada. The Nelleses received other land grants for military service, loyalism, and compensation for lost property, and by 1800 they collectively owned 7,300 acres, most of it in the Niagara District, making them the sixth largest landholders on the peninsula.
Robert decided to develop more than 600 acres on Forty Mile Creek. There, on the site of present-day Grimsby, he built mills and a store, and commenced a grand stone mansion, The Manor, which still survives. In the 1790s he supplied hardware, household goods, textiles, and provisions to the small settlement. After 1800 he forwarded whiskey, grain, and flour from his mill to W. and J. Crooks at Niagara (Niagara-on-the-Lake) [see James Crooks*]. Joseph Brant sought his help both in supplying the Six Nations settlements and in the education of his own sons. Robert was also briefly pressed into service again as an Indian agent in 1797, delivering trade goods to the Mississauga Ojibwas under the terms of their recently concluded treaty. Thus Robert Nelles launched his own family from the elevated position accorded by landed wealth, a commercial income, and his continuing half pay.
Being a local notable in a deferential society, Nelles held various offices, such as town warden and justice of the peace, and was inevitably drawn into provincial politics. In the 1800 general election he headed the poll in the two-member riding of York West, 1st Lincoln, and Haldimand and he served in the House of Assembly until 1808, usually voting with the government majority. He seems to have devoted himself to local appropriations and regularizing the title to family land on the Grand River. While he was away at York (Toronto), his brothers, and later his eldest son, Henry, looked after the store and mills, and his wife, Elizabeth, tended a growing family that eventually numbered eight children.
War threatened life and property again in 1812 and Nelles, his brothers, and his son responded to the call to arms. Robert reported for duty as a captain in the 4th Lincoln Militia in 1812 but did not see much action during the next two years. The inhabitants of the Niagara District, many with loyalties cruelly divided by the war, seemed to prefer being spectators. The local militia remained inactive, undermanned and demoralized, especially after the American occupation in 1813. This state of affairs led to a general shake-up of command in the Lincoln militia in 1814 during which Nelles was promoted lieutenant-colonel of the 4th regiment. He quickly brought it up to strength with threats of fines and courts martial. Robert and his family fought in several battles, most notably at Lundy’s Lane, where his son was captured and his brother wounded.
After the war he remarried and briefly returned to public life. In February 1814 he had been elected to the assembly for 1st Lincoln and Haldimand to replace the expelled Joseph Willcocks*. He held the seat until 1820; while he attended parliament, his son Henry managed the family mills. This separation has bequeathed to us a rare collection of touching love-letters between husband and wife. Robert Nelles (over the years the spelling gradually regularized to Nelles) was enormously proud of his military record and continued to take a great deal of interest in militia affairs. In 1822 he was rewarded with a promotion to colonel of his regiment. He scandalized and angered his neighbours with the unblushing favouritism of his appointments. For 20 or more years most of the officers in his regiment were members of the Nelles family. This situation aroused jealousy and resentment not only in the county but also within the Nelles family. In 1822 Robert promoted his son-in-law, but his brother William claimed seniority and marred the annual militia parade by beating his rival with a stick.
Robert Nelles’s sons were all well educated by the standards of the day. They received an elementary education in a school their father had established at the Forty (Grimsby), and some of them were sent to York to continue their training in the care of the Ridouts and John Strachan*. Although raised a Lutheran in the German-speaking Palatinate community in New York, Robert helped build and became a pillar of the Anglican church in Grimsby. His son Abram* became a noted Church of England missionary to the Six Nations Indians. This appointment served to mark the great change that had taken place over the generations in the relative fortunes of the Nelles family and their Indian neighbours. Abram, a professional man from a well-off family, ministered to the poor and confined population of a reservation, descendants of the warriors his father and grandfather had fought alongside in three wars, whose friendship had so generously endowed the family with land. (Dictionary of Canadian Biography)
Destination Escape Driven by Ford at Bonnaroo Music Festival held June 7-10, 2012 in Manchester, Tennessee - Bonnaro Festival crowd photos - © 2012 David Oppenheimer - Performance Impressions Concert Photography Archives
Fra Giovan Angelo Montorsoli (?)
(1499-1563), active in Naples
Alfonso I of Aragon, King of Naples, c. 1541/43, Marble (From the Kunstkammer)
The significant coifurre and the prominently staged neckchain of the Order are the distinguishing features of this posthumously created portrait bust. The kning was known to have been wise and mild, yet also inclined to "a love of pomp and lust". In 1445, Alfonso I became the first foreign king to be elected to the Order of the Golden Fleece of Burgundy. After the capture of Constantinople by the Ottoamans in 1453, Alfonso accommodated the Greek scholars who had been driven from the city in his realm.
Fra Giovan Angelo Montorsoli (?)
(1499-1563), tätig in Napoli
Alfonso I. von Aragon, König von Neapel, um 1541/43, Marmor (Aus der Kunstkammer)
Die signifikante Frisur und die prominent inszenierte Ordenskette sind die individualisierenden Merkmale dieser posthum entstandenen Porträtbüste. Klug und mild sei der König gewesen, mitunter auch zu "Prachtliebe und Wollust" neigend, Alfonso I. war 1445 als erster ausländischer König in den burgundischen Orden vom Goldenen Vlies gewählt worden. Nach der Eroberung Konstantinopels durch die Osmanen 1453 nahm er die aus der Stadt vertriebenen griechischen Gelehrten in sein Reich auf.
Austria Kunsthistorisches Museum
Federal Museum
Logo KHM
Regulatory authority (ies)/organs to the Federal Ministry for Education, Science and Culture
Founded 17 October 1891
Headquartered Castle Ring (Burgring), Vienna 1, Austria
Management Sabine Haag
www.khm.at website
Main building of the Kunsthistorisches Museum at Maria-Theresa-Square
The Kunsthistorisches Museum (KHM abbreviated) is an art museum in Vienna. It is one of the largest and most important museums in the world. It was opened in 1891 and 2012 visited of 1.351.940 million people.
The museum
The Kunsthistorisches Museum is with its opposite sister building, the Natural History Museum (Naturhistorisches Museum), the most important historicist large buildings of the Ringstrasse time. Together they stand around the Maria Theresa square, on which also the Maria Theresa monument stands. This course spans the former glacis between today's ring road and 2-line, and is forming a historical landmark that also belongs to World Heritage Site Historic Centre of Vienna.
History
Archduke Leopold Wilhelm in his Gallery
The Museum came from the collections of the Habsburgs, especially from the portrait and armor collections of Ferdinand of Tyrol, the collection of Emperor Rudolf II (most of which, however scattered) and the art collection of Archduke Leopold Wilhelm into existence. Already In 1833 asked Joseph Arneth, curator (and later director) of the Imperial Coins and Antiquities Cabinet, bringing together all the imperial collections in a single building .
Architectural History
The contract to build the museum in the city had been given in 1858 by Emperor Franz Joseph. Subsequently, many designs were submitted for the ring road zone. Plans by August Sicard von Sicardsburg and Eduard van der Null planned to build two museum buildings in the immediate aftermath of the Imperial Palace on the left and right of the Heroes' Square (Heldenplatz). The architect Ludwig Förster planned museum buildings between the Schwarzenberg Square and the City Park, Martin Ritter von Kink favored buildings at the corner Währingerstraße/ Scots ring (Schottenring), Peter Joseph, the area Bellariastraße, Moritz von Loehr the south side of the opera ring, and Ludwig Zettl the southeast side of the grain market (Getreidemarkt).
From 1867, a competition was announced for the museums, and thereby set their current position - at the request of the Emperor, the museum should not be too close to the Imperial Palace, but arise beyond the ring road. The architect Carl von Hasenauer participated in this competition and was able the at that time in Zürich operating Gottfried Semper to encourage to work together. The two museum buildings should be built here in the sense of the style of the Italian Renaissance. The plans got the benevolence of the imperial family. In April 1869, there was an audience with of Joseph Semper at the Emperor Franz Joseph and an oral contract was concluded, in July 1870 was issued the written order to Semper and Hasenauer.
Crucial for the success of Semper and Hasenauer against the projects of other architects were among others Semper's vision of a large building complex called "Imperial Forum", in which the museums would have been a part of. Not least by the death of Semper in 1879 came the Imperial Forum not as planned for execution, the two museums were built, however.
Construction of the two museums began without ceremony on 27 November 1871 instead. Semper moved to Vienna in the sequence. From the beginning, there were considerable personal differences between him and Hasenauer, who finally in 1877 took over sole construction management. 1874, the scaffolds were placed up to the attic and the first floor completed, built in 1878, the first windows installed in 1879, the Attica and the balustrade from 1880 to 1881 and built the dome and the Tabernacle. The dome is topped with a bronze statue of Pallas Athena by Johannes Benk.
The lighting and air conditioning concept with double glazing of the ceilings made the renunciation of artificial light (especially at that time, as gas light) possible, but this resulted due to seasonal variations depending on daylight to different opening times .
Kuppelhalle
Entrance (by clicking the link at the end of the side you can see all the pictures here indicated!)
Grand staircase
Hall
Empire
The Kunsthistorisches Museum was on 17 October 1891 officially opened by Emperor Franz Joseph I. Since 22 October 1891 , the museum is accessible to the public. Two years earlier, on 3 November 1889, the collection of arms, Arms and Armour today, had their doors open. On 1 January 1890 the library service resumed its operations. The merger and listing of other collections of the Highest Imperial Family from the Upper and Lower Belvedere, the Hofburg Palace and Ambras in Tyrol will need another two years.
189, the farm museum was organized in seven collections with three directorates:
Directorate of coins, medals and antiquities collection
The Egyptian Collection
The Antique Collection
The coins and medals collection
Management of the collection of weapons, art and industrial objects
Weapons collection
Collection of industrial art objects
Directorate of Art Gallery and Restaurieranstalt (Restoration Office)
Collection of watercolors, drawings, sketches, etc.
Restoration Office
Library
Very soon the room the Court Museum (Hofmuseum) for the imperial collections was offering became too narrow. To provide temporary help, an exhibition of ancient artifacts from Ephesus in the Theseus Temple was designed. However, additional space had to be rented in the Lower Belvedere.
1914, after the assassination of Franz Ferdinand, heir to the throne, his " Estonian Forensic Collection " passed to the administration of the Court Museum. This collection, which emerged from the art collection of the house of d' Este and world travel collection of Franz Ferdinand, was placed in the New Imperial Palace since 1908. For these stocks, the present collection of old musical instruments and the Museum of Ethnology emerged.
The First World War went by, apart from the oppressive economic situation without loss. The farm museum remained during the five years of war regularly open to the public.
Until 1919 the K.K. Art Historical Court Museum was under the authority of the Oberstkämmereramt (head chamberlain office) and belonged to the House of Habsburg-Lorraine. The officials and employees were part of the royal household.
First Republic
The transition from monarchy to republic, in the museum took place in complete tranquility. On 19 November 1918 the two imperial museums on Maria Theresa Square were placed under the state protection of the young Republic of German Austria. Threatening to the stocks of the museum were the claims raised in the following weeks and months of the "successor states" of the monarchy as well as Italy and Belgium on Austrian art collection. In fact, it came on 12th February 1919 to the violent removal of 62 paintings by armed Italian units. This "art theft" left a long time trauma among curators and art historians.
It was not until the Treaty of Saint-Germain of 10 September 1919, providing in Article 195 and 196 the settlement of rights in the cultural field by negotiations. The claims of Belgium, Czechoslovakia, and Italy again could mostly being averted in this way. Only Hungary, which presented the greatest demands by far, was met by more than ten years of negotiation in 147 cases.
On 3 April 1919 was the expropriation of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine by law and the acquisition of its property, including the "Collections of the Imperial House" , by the Republic. Of 18 June 1920 the then provisional administration of the former imperial museums and collections of Este and the secular and clergy treasury passed to the State Office of Internal Affairs and Education, since 10 November 1920, the Federal Ministry of the Interior and Education. A few days later it was renamed the Art History Court Museum in the "Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna State", 1921 "Kunsthistorisches Museum" . Of 1st January 1921 the employees of the museum staff passed to the state of the Republic.
Through the acquisition of the former imperial collections owned by the state, the museum found itself in a complete new situation. In order to meet the changed circumstances in the museum area, designed Hans Tietze in 1919 the "Vienna Museum program". It provided a close cooperation between the individual museums to focus at different houses on main collections. So dominated exchange, sales and equalizing the acquisition policy in the interwar period. Thus resulting until today still valid collection trends. Also pointing the way was the relocation of the weapons collection from 1934 in its present premises in the New Castle, where since 1916 the collection of ancient musical instruments was placed.
With the change of the imperial collections in the ownership of the Republic the reorganization of the internal organization went hand in hand, too. Thus the museum was divided in 1919 into the Egyptian and Near Eastern Collection (with the Oriental coins)
Collection of Classical Antiquities
Collection of ancient coins
Collection of modern coins and medals
Weapons collection
Collection of sculptures and crafts with the Collection of Ancient Musical Instruments
Picture Gallery
The Museum 1938-1945
Count Philipp Ludwig Wenzel Sinzendorf according to Rigaud. Clarisse 1948 by Baroness de Rothschildt "dedicated" to the memory of Baron Alphonse de Rothschildt; restituted to the Rothschilds in 1999, and in 1999 donated by Bettina Looram Rothschild, the last Austrian heiress.
With the "Anschluss" of Austria to the German Reich all Jewish art collections such as the Rothschilds were forcibly "Aryanised". Collections were either "paid" or simply distributed by the Gestapo at the museums. This resulted in a significant increase in stocks. But the KHM was not the only museum that benefited from the linearization. Systematically looted Jewish property was sold to museums, collections or in pawnshops throughout the empire.
After the war, the museum struggled to reimburse the "Aryanised" art to the owners or their heirs. They forced the Rothschild family to leave the most important part of their own collection to the museum and called this "dedications", or "donations". As a reason, was the export law stated, which does not allow owners to perform certain works of art out of the country. Similar methods were used with other former owners. Only on the basis of international diplomatic and media pressure, to a large extent from the United States, the Austrian government decided to make a change in the law (Art Restitution Act of 1998, the so-called Lex Rothschild). The art objects were the Rothschild family refunded only in the 1990s.
The Kunsthistorisches Museum operates on the basis of the federal law on the restitution of art objects from the 4th December 1998 (Federal Law Gazette I, 181 /1998) extensive provenance research. Even before this decree was carried out in-house provenance research at the initiative of the then archive director Herbert Haupt. This was submitted in 1998 by him in collaboration with Lydia Grobl a comprehensive presentation of the facts about the changes in the inventory levels of the Kunsthistorisches Museum during the Nazi era and in the years leading up to the State Treaty of 1955, an important basis for further research provenance.
The two historians Susanne Hehenberger and Monika Löscher are since 1st April 2009 as provenance researchers at the Kunsthistorisches Museum on behalf of the Commission for Provenance Research operating and they deal with the investigation period from 1933 to the recent past.
The museum today
Today the museum is as a federal museum, with 1st January 1999 released to the full legal capacity - it was thus the first of the state museums of Austria, implementing the far-reaching self-financing. It is by far the most visited museum in Austria with 1.3 million visitors (2007).
The Kunsthistorisches Museum is under the name Kunsthistorisches Museum and Museum of Ethnology and the Austrian Theatre Museum with company number 182081t since 11 June 1999 as a research institution under public law of the Federal virtue of the Federal Museums Act, Federal Law Gazette I/115/1998 and the Museum of Procedure of the Kunsthistorisches Museum and Museum of Ethnology and the Austrian Theatre Museum, 3 January 2001, BGBl II 2/ 2001, in force since 1 January 2001, registered.
In fiscal 2008, the turnover was 37.185 million EUR and total assets amounted to EUR 22.204 million. In 2008 an average of 410 workers were employed.
Management
1919-1923: Gustav Glück as the first chairman of the College of science officials
1924-1933: Hermann Julius Hermann 1924-1925 as the first chairman of the College of the scientific officers in 1925 as first director
1933: Arpad Weixlgärtner first director
1934-1938: Alfred Stix first director
1938-1945: Fritz Dworschak 1938 as acting head, from 1938 as a chief in 1941 as first director
1945-1949: August von Loehr 1945-1948 as executive director of the State Art Collections in 1949 as general director of the historical collections of the Federation
1945-1949: Alfred Stix 1945-1948 as executive director of the State Art Collections in 1949 as general director of art historical collections of the Federation
1949-1950: Hans Demel as administrative director
1950: Karl Wisoko-Meytsky as general director of art and historical collections of the Federation
1951-1952: Fritz Eichler as administrative director
1953-1954: Ernst H. Buschbeck as administrative director
1955-1966: Vincent Oberhammer 1955-1959 as administrative director, from 1959 as first director
1967: Edward Holzmair as managing director
1968-1972: Erwin Auer first director
1973-1981: Friderike Klauner first director
1982-1990: Hermann Fillitz first director
1990: George Kugler as interim first director
1990-2008: Wilfried Seipel as general director
2009-2019: Sabine Haag as general director
2019– : Eike Schmidt (art historian, designated)
Collections
To the Kunsthistorisches Museum are also belonging the collections of the New Castle, the Austrian Theatre Museum in Palais Lobkowitz, the Museum of Ethnology and the Wagenburg (wagon fortress) in an outbuilding of Schönbrunn Palace. A branch office is also Ambras in Innsbruck.
Kunsthistorisches Museum (main building)
Picture Gallery
Egyptian and Near Eastern Collection
Collection of Classical Antiquities
Vienna Chamber of Art
Numismatic Collection
Library
New Castle
Ephesus Museum
Collection of Ancient Musical Instruments
Arms and Armour
Archive
Hofburg
The imperial crown in the Treasury
Imperial Treasury of Vienna
Insignia of the Austrian Hereditary Homage
Insignia of imperial Austria
Insignia of the Holy Roman Empire
Burgundian Inheritance and the Order of the Golden Fleece
Habsburg-Lorraine Household Treasure
Ecclesiastical Treasury
Schönbrunn Palace
Imperial Carriage Museum Vienna
Armory in Ambras Castle
Ambras Castle
Collections of Ambras Castle
Major exhibits
Among the most important exhibits of the Art Gallery rank inter alia:
Jan van Eyck: Cardinal Niccolò Albergati, 1438
Martin Schongauer: Holy Family, 1475-80
Albrecht Dürer : Trinity Altar, 1509-16
Portrait Johann Kleeberger, 1526
Parmigianino: Self Portrait in Convex Mirror, 1523/24
Giuseppe Arcimboldo: Summer 1563
Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio: Madonna of the Rosary 1606/ 07
Caravaggio: Madonna of the Rosary (1606-1607)
Titian: Nymph and Shepherd to 1570-75
Portrait of Jacopo de Strada, 1567/68
Raffaello Santi: Madonna of the Meadow, 1505 /06
Lorenzo Lotto: Portrait of a young man against white curtain, 1508
Peter Paul Rubens: The altar of St. Ildefonso, 1630-32
The Little Fur, about 1638
Jan Vermeer: The Art of Painting, 1665/66
Pieter Bruegel the Elder: Fight between Carnival and Lent, 1559
Kids, 1560
Tower of Babel, 1563
Christ Carrying the Cross, 1564
Gloomy Day (Early Spring), 1565
Return of the Herd (Autumn), 1565
Hunters in the Snow (Winter) 1565
Bauer and bird thief, 1568
Peasant Wedding, 1568/69
Peasant Dance, 1568/69
Paul's conversion (Conversion of St Paul), 1567
Cabinet of Curiosities:
Saliera from Benvenuto Cellini 1539-1543
Egyptian-Oriental Collection:
Mastaba of Ka Ni Nisut
Collection of Classical Antiquities:
Gemma Augustea
Treasure of Nagyszentmiklós
Gallery: Major exhibits
I have driven past Winchester on the M3 five times this year, on the sixth passing, I tried to find a place to park so I could visit the cathedral.
It costs £8.50 to go in, but you can take as many pictures as you like, which is fine by me.
The Nave and Chancel are huge, and long. All surfaces are apparently covered with memorials, with other spaces filled with chapels and shrines to past Bishops, as well as the relics of St Swithun.
It did rain after I left. Not a good sign.
But inside it is a delight, even the smallest details, like the tiles, just wonderful.
-------------------------------------------
Winchester Cathedral is a cathedral of the Church of England in Winchester, Hampshire, England. It is one of the largest cathedrals in Europe, with the longest nave and greatest overall length of any Gothic cathedral in Europe.[3]
Dedicated to the Holy Trinity,[1] Saint Peter, Saint Paul, and before the Reformation, Saint Swithun,[4] it is the seat of the Bishop of Winchester and centre of the Diocese of Winchester. The cathedral is a Grade I listed building.
The cathedral was founded in 642 on a site immediately to the north of the present one. This building became known as the Old Minster. It became part of a monastic settlement in 971.
Saint Swithun was buried near the Old Minster and then in it, before being moved to the new Norman cathedral. So-called mortuary chests said to contain the remains of Saxon kings such as King Eadwig of England, first buried in the Old Minster, and his wife Ælfgifu, are in the present cathedral.[5] The Old Minster was demolished in 1093, immediately after the consecration of its successor.
In 1079, Walkelin, Bishop of Winchester, began work on a completely new cathedral.[6] Much of the limestone used to build the structure was brought across from quarries around Binstead, Isle of Wight. Nearby Quarr Abbey draws its name from these workings, as do several nearby places such as Stonelands and Stonepitts. The remains of the Roman trackway used to transport the blocks are still evident across the fairways of the Ryde Golf Club, where the stone was hauled from the quarries to the hythe at the mouth of Binstead Creek, and thence by barge across the Solent and up to Winchester.[citation needed][No sign of any Binstead Creek on the map]
The building was consecrated in 1093. On 8 April of that year, according to the Annals of Winchester, "in the presence of almost all the bishops and abbots of England, the monks came with the highest exultation and glory from the old minster to the new one: on the Feast of S. Swithun they went in procession from the new minster to the old one and brought thence S. Swithun's shrine and placed it with honour in the new buildings, and on the following day Walkelin's men first began to pull down the old minster."[6]
A substantial amount of the fabric of Walkelin's building, including crypt, transepts and the basic structure of the nave, survives.[7] The original crossing tower, however, collapsed in 1107, an accident blamed by the cathedral's medieval chroniclers on the burial of the dissolute William Rufus beneath it in 1100.[6] Its replacement, which survives today, is still in the Norman style, with round-headed windows. It is a squat, square structure, 50 feet (15 m) wide, but rising only 35 feet (11 m) above the ridge of the transept roof.[8] The Tower is 150 feet (46 m) tall.
After the consecration of Godfrey de Luci as bishop in 1189, a retrochoir was added in the Early English style. The next major phase of rebuilding was not until the mid-14th century, under bishops Edington and Wykeham.[10] Edingdon (1346–1366)[11] removed the two westernmost bays of the nave, built a new west front and began the remodelling of the nave.[12]
Under William of Wykeham (1367–1404) the Romanesque nave was transformed[clarification needed], recased in Caen stone and remodelled in the Perpendicular style,[13] with its internal elevation divided into two, rather than the previous three, storeys.[14] The wooden ceilings were replaced with stone vaults.[13]
Wykeham's successor, Henry of Beaufort (1405–1447) carried out fewer alterations, adding only a chantry on the south side of the retrochoir, although work on the nave may have continued through his episcopy.[15] His successor, William of Waynflete (1447–1486), built another chantry in a corresponding position on the north side. Under Peter Courtenay (Bishop 1486–1492) and Thomas Langton (1493–1500), there was more work. De Luci's Lady chapel was lengthened, and the Norman side aisles of the presbytery replaced. In 1525, Richard Foxe (Bishop 1500–1528) added the side screens of the presbytery, which he also gave a wooden vault.[10] With its progressive extensions, the east end is now about 110 feet (34 m) beyond that of Walkelin's building
King Henry VIII seized control of the Catholic Church in England and declared himself head of the Church of England. The Benedictine foundation, the Priory of Saint Swithun, was dissolved. The priory surrendered to the king in 1539. The next year a new chapter was formed, and the last prior, William Basyng, was appointed dean.[17] The monastic buildings, including the cloister and chapter house, were later demolished, mostly during the 1560–1580 tenure of the reformist bishop Robert Horne.[18][19]
North Transept
The Norman choir screen, having fallen into a state of decay, was replaced in 1637–40 by a new one, designed by Inigo Jones. It was in a classical style, with bronze figures by Hubert le Sueur of James I and Charles I in niches. It was removed in 1820, by when its style was felt inappropriate in an otherwise medieval building. The central bay, with its archway, is now in the University Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology at Cambridge;[20] it was replaced by a Gothic screen by Edward Garbett, its design based on the west doorway of the nave.[21]
This stone structure was itself removed in the 1870s to make way for a wooden one designed by George Gilbert Scott,[22] who modelled it on the canopies of the choir stalls of the monks (dating from around 1308).[23] Scott's west-facing screen has been much criticised, although the carving is of superlative workmanship and virtually replicates the earlier, albeit finer, carving of the early 14th century east-facing return stalls on to which it backs. The displaced bronze statues of the Stuart kings were moved to the west end of the Cathedral, standing in niches on each side of the central door. Scott's work was otherwise conservative. He moved the lectern to the north side of the quire beside the pulpit, facing west, where it remained for a century before returning to its present central position, now facing east.
Got to work with the Media Group for the Driven show in Winnipeg yesterday. As you can see, I was very lucky and got to work with a host of talented young models.
I also got a chance to test out my new portable hot shoe soft boxes, which I must admit work very, very well for a couple 50 dollar ebay items.
To what extent can media companies employ predictive analytics and other data driven approaches to improve content performance? This event, organized by NYC Media Lab and hosted by Bloomberg on February 25, fused short 5 minute presentations and discussion from startups, media companies and university researchers advancing the state of the art in a variety show intended to provoke discussion and debate on opportunities in this fast-moving field of interest.
Speakers included Brian Eoff, Lead Data Scientist, bitly; Ky Harlin, Director, Data Science, BuzzFeed; Mor Naaman, Associate Professor, Cornell Tech and Co-founder and Chief Scientist, Seen.co; Simon Smith, Senior Vice President, Platforms, News Corp; Joshua Schwartz, Lead Data Scientist, Chartbeat.com; and Lisa Strausfeld, Global Head of Data Visualization, Bloomberg LP.
Photos by Yang Jiang.
Learn more about NYC Media Lab at www.nycmedialab.org.
Theresa Irene Wolowski waving hello from The General Lee a 1969 Muscle car from the Chrysler Corporation driven by cousins Bo and Luke Duke in the television series The Dukes of Hazzard which is on display at the Ben “Cooter” Jones, Cooter’s Place Dukes of Hazzard Museum and shop in the city of Gatlinburg, Tennessee USA
Tennessee is a U.S. state located in the Southeastern United States of America.
Tennessee known as the Volunteer State, has many symbols.
The tulip poplar was designated as the official state tree of Tennessee
Tennessee has two state flowers. The Purple Passionflower (Passiflora incarnata) is the state's wildflower and the iris is the state's cultivated flower.
Tennessee has played a critical role in the development of many forms of American popular music, including rock and roll, blues, country music, and rockabilly.
Tennessee has nine official state songs
1. My Homeland, Tennessee, by Nell Grayson Taylor (words) and Roy Lamont Smith (music)
2. When It's Iris Time in Tennessee, by Willa Waid Newman
3. My Tennessee, by Frances Hannah Tranum, is the state's official public school song
4. Tennessee Waltz, by Redd Stewart and Pee Wee King
5. Rocky Top, by Felice and Boudleaux Bryant
6. Tennessee, by Vivian Rorie
7. The Pride of Tennessee, by Fred Congdon, Thomas Vaughn and Carol Elliot
8. Smoky Mountain Rain, a song written by Kye Fleming and Dennis Morgan that became a hit for Ronnie Milsap, was added to the list of state songs
9. Tennessee, written by John R. Bean of Knoxville
For more information about visiting Tennessee
Tennessee trip:
After breakfast, we will travel into the state of Tennessee to take a ride on the Lookout Mountain Incline Railway into Great Smoky Mountains National Park. In the evening, we will travel to Pigeon Forge, TN to the famous dinner show, Dolly Parton's Dixie Stampede, where we will enjoy some real southern cuisine.
Great Smoky Mountains, TN
Great Smoky Mountains Park This 520,000-acre park on the eastern border of Tennessee is a United States National Park and UNESCO World Heritage. It is the most-visited national park in the United States, and is renown for the beauty of its landscapes.
Ober Gatlinburg Aerial Tramway The Tramway takes 120 passengers 2.1 miles up the Great Smoky Mountains. Large windows offer magnificent views of the area. At night, passengers can see the lighted visages of Gatlinburg and Pigeon Forge as well as the nearby parkway.
Pigeon Forge, TN
Dolly Parton's Dixie Stampede This Wild-West-Revue-type performance features animals such as pigs, horses, and chickens and is punctuated by a riding competition. The show starts an hour before dinner, with a musical act on the "Carriage Room" before guests are escorted into the arena.
In the morning, we will make our way to Chattanooga, TN and Lookout Mountain to see the Ruby Falls and Rock City. We will also take the Lookout Mountain Incline Railway.
Chattanooga, TN
Ruby Falls The Ruby Falls are a naturally-occurring underground waterfall in the appropriately-named Ruby Falls Caverns not far from Chattanooga, Tennessee. They are located underneath Lookout Mountain and are adjacent to the Lookout Mountain Caverns, although not connected.
Lookout Mountain Incline Railway The Incline Railway traces its history to 1895, when the a railway called "The Incline" opened to cart passengers to and from the peak of Lookout Mountain. It bills itself as one of the steepest railways worldwide.
Lookout Mountain This historic hilltop on the southern border of Tennessee has a colorful history as a place of importance during wartime. Most notably, it was the centerpiece of the Battle of Lookout Mountain during the American Civil War.
4-Day Tennessee, Smoky Mountain Tour from New York/New Jersey Tour Code: 272-227
Take Tours bus trip
Visit eight states:
New York - drive through with tour guide
New Jersey - drive through with tour guide
Pennsylvania - Welcome Center visit
Maryland - drive through with tour guide
West Virginia - Welcome Center visit
Virginia - USA
Tennessee - USA
Georgia - USA
For more info on 4-Day Tennessee, Smoky Mountain Tour from New York/New Jersey trip visit:
www.taketours.com/new-york-ny/4-day-tennessee-smoky-mount...
For more information on Take Tours visit:
Hashtag metadata tag
#Tennessee #Ten #Tenn #Tennessean #Chattanooga #Nashville #Memphis #South #Southern #TheSouth #TheSouthHasRisen #Country #Music #CountryMusic #VolunteerState #USState #state #states #US #USA #UnitedStates #UnitedStatesofAmerica #America #American
Photo
Tennessee, United States of America, North America
June 13th 2014
Les Otten and his American Skiing Company bought Wolf Mountain in 1997 from co-owners Kenny Griswold and Mike Baker. Otten favored the name Red Pine Canyon but later settled on Canyons in the re-naming of Wolf Mountain which was earlier known as Park City West. Otten said he had been driving around Wolf Mountain and saw the enormous canyons and 14 peaks, The Canyons seemed the appropriate name. At that time Wolf Mountain had seven 2-person chair lifts and a few rustic buildings. Les Otten had visions for a 15-year master plan that would create a world recognized winter and summer destination resort. Otten wanted the Canyons master plan to be driven by input from the community. He believed that local residents preferred a higher-density village development that is pedestrian and mass transit -oriented to sprawling subdivisions which rely on the automobile.
American Skiing Company planned the Grand Summit Hotel as a 360-room "quartershare" condo-hotel. It was designed as a horseshoe structure with a maximum height of nine stories. Each unit would be owned by four owners who rotate their 13 weeks of occupancy year - round. The hotel was designed by Jung Brannen of Boston. American Skiing Company's first quartershare hotel was the Grand Summit in Sunday River, Maine. Since then it has built Grand Summits in Killington and Mount Snow in Vermont, Attitash Bear Peak in New Hampshire, Heavenly in South Lake Tahoe, California and Steamboat Springs, Colaorado. American Skiing Company and its wholly owned subsidiary, Grand Summit Resort Properties Inc., closed a $145 million construction loan facility with TFC Textron Financial. The loan would finance the 358-room Grand Summit Resort Hotel at The Canyons in Park City, Utah and a 325-room Grand Summit Hotel at Steamboat in Steamboat Springs, Colorado. Both facilities were expected to open for the 1999- 2000 ski season.
Les Otten had grown American Skiing Company to the largest operator of alpine ski and snowboard resorts in the United States. He grew the company by taking on huge debt that could not be supported by earnings. To survive the debt crisis Otten engaged the Texas investment firm, Oak Hill Partners in a $150 million deal. The investors achieved control of American Skiing Co. within two years and the founder Otten was forced out. American Skiing was forced to sell Heavenly to Vail Resorts, Steamboat to Intrawest, and Sugarbush to a group of investors. Finally in July 2008, American Skiing Company's last remaining and flagship resort, The Canyons had been bought by the Talisker Corporation for $100 million. This was the final resort sold by the American Skiing Company, in preparation for the dissolution of the company.
By 2000, Oak Hill Capital Partners (founded by Robert Bass) had increased its stake in the company and taken control. Otten resigned as Chairman and CEO in 2001. The stock price offered initially at $18 per share was below a dollar. Otten left American Skiing without any personal debt, but with enough money to join a group buying the Boston Red Sox. Otten was a minority partner in the Boston Red Sox baseball team for 7 years and was instrumental in the restoration of Fenway Park.
In 2003 the Grand Summit Park City received the four-diamond designation from AAA. Jeff Zogg was the VP of Lodging at that time. Zogg is now the Senior Vice President, AZUL Hospitality Group. In 2004 Grand Summit Resort Properties, a subsidiary of American Skiing Company, conducted an auction to sell the remaining unsold fractional ownership inventory. The Park City auction resulted in sales of $15.3 million which was used to reduce debt and provide liquidity for ongoing operations.
American Skiing sold its flagship resort, The Canyons, on July 2008 to a subsidiary of Toronto-based resort operator Talisker Corp. for $123 million. American Skiing had owned as many as 10 ski areas as recently as 2001. The American Skiing board, which included Oak Hill Capital Partners, realized the exceptional value the company could get for the ski areas. It sold the Grand Summit at the Steamboat Springs ski area for $265 million to Intrawest Corp in March 2007. In all, American Skiing raised about $600 million by selling the resorts, using the money to pay off debt and compensate preferred shareholders who pushed for the liquidations.
The Canyons is Taliskers's first ski resort. The Toronto-based private company has invested heavily in lodging at Deer Valley, another Park City resort. It became owner of land and mineral rights at Deer Valley and Park City Mountain resorts, which are operated by separate companies, when it bought United Park City Mines in 2003. Talisker owns the Waldorf Astoria Hotel and Spa located at Canyons and Tuhaye, a 2,000-acre golf course community and also has an ownership interest in Montage Resort and Spa, at Deer Valley built on Talisker's land.
In 2013 Vail Resorts landed the long-term lease for Canyons. Under the terms of the long-term lease Vail took over management of Canyons from Utah-based Talisker Corporation for $25 million a year, adjusted for inflation, plus 42 percent of Vail's earnings over $35 million. It will be the 10th resort Vail Resorts owns. The lease runs for 50 years, with six 50-year renewal options. While Vail will take control of the resort, Talisker will retain development rights for some four million square feet of real estate at the base of the mountain. The Canyons is Utah’s largest winter resort. Its 3,700 skiable acres (fourth largest in the nation) are serviced by 17 lifts spread across eight mountain peaks. The Grand Summit Hotel Sundial Lodge and numerous dining and retail options are part of the Vail Resort's lease.
Vail Resorts owns Vail, Beaver Creek, Breckenridge and Keystone in Colorado; Heavenly, Northstar and Kirkwood in the Lake Tahoe area of California and Nevada; Canyons in Park City, Utah; Afton Alps in Minnesota and Mt. Brighton in Michigan; and the Grand Teton Lodge Company in Jackson Hole, Wyoming. The Company's subsidiary, RockResorts, manages the hotel properties.
The Grand Summit Hotel - a RockResort - is located in the Canyons Village at Park City Mountain Resort - right across from the Orange Bubble Chair lift and the Red Pine Gondola. Built in 2000 The hotel offers ski-in ski-out access in the winter and in the summer the first tee and 18th-hole of the scenic Canyons Golf Course are located right in front of the door. The hotel has 15,000 square feet of meeting and conference space, a spa, health club, heated pool and hot tubs as well as underground valet parking, fitness center, daycare, library and several dining options. The 212-suite property joined Vail Resorts' RockResorts portfolio and underwent a $15 million renovation in 2017 that included an overhaul of guestrooms, lobby, cafe, spa and conference and meetings spaces. The interior design work was conducted by Boulder, Colo.-based TRH Interior Design.
A golf course designed by Gene Bates and Casey Bates of the Bates Golf Design Group opened at the Canyons Resort in Park City, Utah. The 6,246-yard, par-70 course opened in 2015. The course features over 550ft of elevation change. Located close to the Wasatch and Uinta mountain ranges, each hole at the course features four sets of tees, and six holes interact with skiable terrain. Gene Bates, course architect said “Canyons Golf Course is unlike any other course in Utah, and was a challenge to design and build as the topography provided dramatic elevation change". The course features seven par-3 hole and five par-5 holes and Hole 18 has a true island green, 100% surrounded by the Willow Draw Stream.
In 2018 Chuck Randles was named general manager of the Grand Summit Hotel and the neighboring Silverado Lodge and Sundial Lodge, as well as the opening of the new Lift and Apex properties, which are currently under construction. Randles has been Vail Resorts for 12 years most recently serving as the General Manager for Keystone Resort Property Management where he was responsible for more than 650 rental properties, 250 homecare and rent-by-owner properties and as many as 43 community associations. Prior to that, Randles held various roles in both guest-facing and support positions, leading the front office and property management for Keystone Resort Property Management and as a staff accountant for the Company. Randles is from Rockford, Ill. and graduated from the University of Iowa with a Bachelor of Business Administration in Finance.
Compile by Dick Johnson, August 2019
1-12-13 Wyndham Street Races
With the booming popularity of nostalgic-styled motorcycles, Kawasaki drew from the vaults of history to create the W650. This addition to Kawasaki's line-up is reminiscent of the styling and technological design features of the Kawasaki W1 and W1SA parallel twin-cylinder motorcycles of the late '60s and early '70s. Swing a leg over it and experience some Good Times.
Improved comfort and handling for this classic remake.
Kawasaki drew from the vaults of its own history when it created the W650. Reminiscent of the styling and technological design features of the Kawasaki W1 and W1SA parallel twin-cylinder motorcycles of the late ’60s and early ’70s, the W650 piqued the interest of enthusiasts everywhere.
It only gets better in 2001. A new seat and redesigned tank pads enhance rider comfort, while revised steering geometry and front suspension changes improve handling.
The W650’s twin cylinder, air-cooled 676cc engine churns out plenty of responsive low- and mid-range power, due in part to its long-stroke 360 degree crankshaft that has both pistons rising and falling together. A modern four-valve cylinder head helps give the W650 a healthy top-end, too. The valves are actuated by a single overhead camshaft that is driven by a hypoid gear, where the bevel shaft is offset to one side of the gears for less noise and friction, and increased durability.
The pair of constant velocity carburetors are equipped with the Kawasaki Throttle Responsive Ignition Control (K-TRIC) throttle position sensor. Connected to the Digital Ignition system, K-TRIC varies ignition timing according to throttle position and engine rpm so that the ignition compensates for differing engine loads for crisp throttle response and better fuel efficiency.
Other modern engine features include a lightweight and compact rare-earth magnet generator rotor, wet sump, balancer shaft to help eliminate vibration, pushbutton electric starting and a slick-shifting five-speed transmission with Kawasaki’s Positive Neutral Finder that makes shifting into neutral when stopped a breeze. The W650 also runs much cleaner than the machines that inspired its design due to the Kawasaki Clean Air (KCA) system. Fresh air is fed into the exhaust just beyond the exhaust valves for reduced emissions.
The W650’s chassis design is clean and simple. A traditional double-cradle frame uses a hefty square-section backbone for rigidity. A half-degree increase in the steering angle plus a 2mm larger axle and new front hub featuring larger bearings improve handling. A steel swingarm and twin shocks with adjustable preload provide the rear suspension, while the ride up front has been improved with new fork springs and revised rebound and compression damping. Braking power is supplied by a 300mm front disc and rear drum.
This machine is finished off in classic Kawasaki W-model styling. A shapely gas tank features high quality paint and chrome with redesigned rubber knee pads that are thinner, lighter and have smoother edges. The shape of the long seat was slightly altered and padded ribs added to make it more comfortable. It still has plenty of room for both rider and passenger, plus it’s finished with a retro-looking white bead. A wide, chromed handlebar helps put the rider in an upright, natural position. Modern instrumentation that is re-angled toward the rider for better visibility includes a liquid crystal display for the odometer and trip meter.
The Kawasaki W650 recalls the great machines that helped to lay the foundation of Kawasaki performance. While its styling is a trip into the past, its modern features have the W650 pointed directly into the future.
2001 W650 FEATURES
Parallel-Twin 676cc Engine with Balancer
Broad torque at low- and mid-range
Smooth and reliable
Balancer smoothes vibration
Engine rubber-mounted in chassis for greater rider comfort
Durable bevel cam drive
Four Valves Per Cylinder
Better breathing for more power and low end torque
Single overhead cam design is simple, lightweight, and practical
Five-Speed Transmission
Ratios designed for great acceleration and relaxed highway cruising
Exclusive Positive Neutral Finder
34mm CVK Carburetors With Kawasaki Throttle Responsive Ignition Control (K-TRIC)
A position sensor monitors throttle position so that its micro-computer can determine the best ignition timing for more power and better fuel economy
Double Cradle Frame with Square Section Backbone
Compact and stable
Riding Comfort
Long seat for two-up riding
Traditional styling offers upright seating position
Kawasaki Clean Air (KCA) Exhaust System
Feeds air into exhaust port to reduce emissions
Front Disc Brake
300mm front disc brake with dual piston caliper provides sure stops
Centerstand
Simplifies servicing, cleaning or parking
Maintenance-free Battery
Longer lifespan, hassle free
Spin-on Oil Filter
Automotive spin-on style simplifies oil changes
Revised for 2001:
Double Cradle High Tensile Steel Frame
Comfortable Riding Position
Electronic Instrumentation
39mm Conventional Front Forks
Plated Wire-Spoked Wheels
New for 2001:
Pearl Boulogne / Pearl Ivory
Specifications:
Model
EJ650-A3
Engine Type
4-stroke, air-cooled
Displacement
676 cc.
Bore x Stroke
72 x 83 mm.
Compression Ratio
8.6:1
Valve System
SOHC, 8 valves
Carburetion
Keihin CVK34 x 2
Ignition
Digital with K-Tric
Starting
Electric and kick starter
Transmission
5-speed
Frame type
Double-cradle, high tensile steel
Rake
27 degrees
Wheelbase
57.1"
Suspension, Front
39 mm conventional front fork
Suspension, Rear
Dual hydraulic shocks with 5-way preload adjustment
Tire Front
100/90-19
Tire Rear
130/80-18
Brakes, Front
Single 300 mm. disc with two-piston caliper
Brakes, Rear
160 mm. drum
Seat Height
31.5"
Fuel Capacity
4.0 gallons
Dry Weight
434 pounds
Source: www.totalmotorcycle.com/photos/2001models/2001models-Kawa...