View allAll Photos Tagged dates
Deceptively Easy Appetizers
I couldn't fit both recipes on 1 page, so I went with two photos.
f 2.5, 200, 1/80, 50mm prime
Dates: 1870-1930
Maker: The C.E. Ward Company
Place: USA: Ohio, New London
Donor: Museum Purchase
Photographer Credit: Scottish Rite Masonic Museum & Library
The 3rd Annual Scott Kelby's WWP Series # 2
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The Date palm (scientific name Phoenix dactylifera), also known as the Medjool palm is a tall, beautiful and majestic tree that is known for its edible sweet fruits, the dates. The tree belongs to the Arecaceae family and the genus Phoenix. The Date palm produces true real dates. It is the second most known and most useful palm tree in the world after the Coconut palm tree.
For other information please visit:
(source: google)
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I think they are dates - I've never seen fresh dates on a tree before but they look like the images on google. I didn't think dates would be grown in Vanuatu
Ebay purchases - Walter Hulseweder - 35mm negatives in my collection. Exact dates unknown but probably between 1949 and 1954.
Fruit and nut seller's cart near the Sardar Girdikot Gate, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
Only the street shots - thestreetzine.blogspot.com/view
EMMA PASK & HER AUSTRALIAN TRIO
Dates: 30.6 – 4.7
Emma Pask, vocals
Kevin Hunt, piano
Phillip Stack, bass
Tim Firth, drums
From : AUS
Style: Vocal Jazz
Emma Pask? “She is The Real Thing” (James Morrison dixit)
Conosciuta dal grande pubblico grazie allo show televisivo The Voice of Australia (edizione 2013), Emma Pask è sicuramente la cantante jazz più popolare d’Australia, in grado di raggiungere la top 5 delle vendite su iTunes nel proprio paese. Portata su un palmo di mano dal grande James Morrison (con il quale collabora da oramai 20 anni, da quando in sostanza era ancora un’adolescente – “Emma Pask is the Real Thing” dice di lei il celebre trombettista), la cantante ha appena firmato un contratto con la Universal ed è definitivamente una delle cantanti più amate dal festival jazz di Ascona, dove è stata scoperta nel 2012 e si è esibita l’anno scorso con Dado Moroni, Mark Nightingale e altri. Quest’anno la potremo ammirare con il suo eccellente trio australiano. Emma Pask ha vinto nel 2006 il Mo Award e nello stesso anno ha cantato al matrimonio di Nicole Kidman. Si è esibita in Europa e nel mondo con la BBC Concert Orchestra a Londra, con la Shanghai Symphony Orchestra in Cina e, ancora, in Italia, Laos, Nuova Zelanda e Singapore.
Emma Pask? “She is The Real Thing” (James Morrison said)
Emma Pask is Australia's most popular jazz singer and she is widely known also thanks to the 2013 edition of The Voice of Australia; she is furthermore a top selling artist (Australian iTunes rank 5). Admired by the great James Morrison as “the Real Thing”, the two have collaborated for the past 20 years. Emma Pask has recently signed a contract with Universal Music and she most certainly has a lot of fans at JazzAscona where she first performed in 2012 and where, last year, she performed with Dado Moroni, Mark Nightingale and others. This year she will be performing with her excellent Australian trio. In 2006 Emma Pask won the Mo Award and in the same year she performed at Nicole Kidman's wedding. She has performed throughout Europe and the world: with the BBC Concert Orchestra in London, with the Shanghai Symphony Orchestra in China and, further, in Italy, Laos, and Singapore.
Emma Pask? “She is The Real Thing” (James Morrison dixit)
Einem breiten Publikum aus der TV-Sendung The Voice of Australia 2013 bekannt, ist Emma Pask sicher die beliebteste Jazzsängerin in Australien, fähig, in ihrem Land die Top 5 der iTunes-Verkaufsliste zu erreichen. Der grosse James Morrison trägt sie auf Händen (seit 20 Jahren, also quasi seit ihrer Jugend, arbeitet sie mit ihm – “Emma Pask is the Real Thing” sagt der berühmte Trompeter von ihr) und vor kurzem hat sie einen Vertrag mit Universal unterschrieben. Emma ist definitiv eine der Lieblingssängerinnen des Festivalpublikums in Ascona, wo sie 2012 entdeckt wurde und letztes Jahr mit Dado Moroni, Mark Nightingale und anderen aufgetreten ist. Dieses Jahr erfreut sie uns mit ihrem ausgezeichneten australischen Trio. Emma Pask hat 2006 den Mo Award gewonnen und im selben Jahr an der Hochzeit von Nicole Kidman gesungen. In Europa und der ganzen Welt ist sie aufgetreten, in Londen mit dem BBC Concert Orchestra, in China mit dem Shanghai Symphony Orchestra, dann in Italien, Laos, Neuseeland, Singapur...
Website:
Dates: February 10-12, 2014
Location: Alerus Center, Grand Forks, ND
Photographer: Mike Hess Photography
The history of Wroclaw dates back more than a thousand years. At various times, it has been part of the Kingdom of Poland, the Kingdom of Bohemia, the Kingdom of Hungary, the Habsburg monarchy of Austria, the Kingdom of Prussia, and Germany. Wrocław became part of Poland again in 1945 as part of the result of extensive border changes and expulsions after WWII.
In 990 Mieszko I of Poland conquered Silesia and Wrocław. The town became a commercial center. In the 12th century Polish, Bohemian, Jewish, Walloon, and German communities existed here.
Wroclaw was devastated in 1241 during the first Mongol invasion of Poland. In the 13th century due to migration from Saxony and Bavaria, Wroclaw got germanised. The population adopted the German language and culture and the name changed to Breslau.
Between 1342 and 1344 two fires destroyed large parts of the city, which was a part of the Bohemian Kingdom at that time. Charles IV`s , successors Wenceslaus and Sigismund became involved in a long-lasting feud with the city and its magistrate, culminating in the revolt in 1418 when local craftsmen killed seven councilors.
After the city had defeated the Bohemian Hussites the city was besieged by a combined Polish-Czech force in 1474, however, a ceasefire was signed, according to which the city remained under Hungarian rule.
The Reformation reached Breslau already in 1518, and in 1523 the town council unanimously appointed a new pastor and thus introduced the Reformation in Breslau.
In 1526, the Habsburg monarchy of Austria inherited Bohemia, Silesia, and the city of Breslau. In 1609 German emperor Rudolf II granted the free exercise of church services to all Bohemian and Silesian Protestants. In the following Thirty Years' War, the city suffered badly. It was occupied by Saxon and Swedish troops and lost 18,000 of its 40,000 residents to the plague.
The Counter-Reformation had started with Rudolf II who encouraged Catholic orders to settle in Breslau. The dominance of the German population under the Habsburg rule in the city became more visible, while the Polish population diminished in numbers.
After Frederick the Great besieged the city for a year, it surrendered in 1741. In 1742, Queen Maria Theresa handed over Silesia to the Prussian king.
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Architects Richard Plüddemann and Heinrich Küster were responsible for the planning and designs of the Hala Targowa (Market Hall). The construction of the reinforced concrete structure started in 1906 after the demolition of old buildings on the site began. The use of the then-innovative application of reinforced concrete trusses was unique in Europe at the time.
In 1908, the market hall was opened and developed into one of the most popular shopping facilities in the city and still is today. The German word "Markthalle" can still be faintly seen above the entrance.
The cellar hosts a convenient restaurant today.
Original Caption: Gen. Abram Buford, C.S.A.
U.S. National Archives’ Local Identifier: 111-B-3520
From:: Series: Mathew Brady Photographs of Civil War-Era Personalities and Scenes, (Record Group 111)
Photographer: Brady, Mathew, 1823 (ca.) - 1896
Coverage Dates: ca. 1860 - ca. 1865
Subjects:
American Civil War, 1861-1865
Brady National Photographic Art Gallery (Washington, D.C.)
Persistent URL: arcweb.archives.gov/arc/action/ExternalIdSearch?id=527697
Repository: Still Picture Records Section, Special Media Archives Services Division (NWCS-S), National Archives at College Park, 8601 Adelphi Road, College Park, MD, 20740-6001.
For information about ordering reproductions of photographs held by the Still Picture Unit, visit: www.archives.gov/research/order/still-pictures.html
Reproductions may be ordered via an independent vendor. NARA maintains a list of vendors at www.archives.gov/research/order/vendors-photos-maps-dc.html
Access Restrictions: Unrestricted
Use Restrictions: Unrestricted
Read all about this bento, and more from the week, at PopArtichoke!
Get the recipe for Braised Moroccan-Spiced Chicken with Dates at PopArtichoke!
Rasulullah صلی الله عليه وسلم berbuka dengan korma, kalau tidak ada korma dengan air, ini termasuk kesempurnaan kasih sayang dan semangatnya Rasulullah صلی الله عليه وسلم (untuk kebaikan) umatnya dan dalam menasehati mereka.
Allah berfirman dalam surat At-Taubah 128 :
لَقَدْ جَاءكُمْ رَسُولٌ مِّنْ أَنفُسِكُمْ عَزِيزٌ عَلَيْهِ مَا عَنِتُّمْ حَرِيصٌ عَلَيْكُم بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ رَؤُوفٌ رَّحِيمٌ
Laqad jaakum rasoolun min anfusikum AAazeezun AAalayhi ma AAanittum hareesun AAalaykum bialmumineena raoofun raheemun
"Artinya : Sesungguhnya telah datang kepadamu seorang Rasul dari kaummu sendiri, berat terasa olehnya penderitaan olehmu, sangat menginginkan (keimanan dan keselamatan) bagimu, amat belas kasihan lagi penyayang terhadap orang-orang mukmin".
Karena memberikan ke tubuh yang kosong sesuatu yang manis, lebih membangkitkan selera dan bermanfaat bagi badan, terutama badan yang sehat, dia akan menjadi kuat dengannya (korma). Adapun air, karena badan ketika dibawa puasa menjadi kering, jika didinginkan dengan air akan sempurna manfaatnya dengan makanan.
Ketahuilah wahai hamba yang taat, sesungguhnya korma mengandung berkah dan kekhususan -demikian pula air- dalam pengaruhnya terhadap hati dan mensucikannya, tidak ada yang mengetahuinya kecuali orang yang berittiba'.
Dari Anas bin Malik Radhiyallahu 'anhu (ia berkata) :
"Artinya : Adalah Rasulullah صلی الله عليه وسلم berbuka dengan korma basah (ruthab), jika tidak ada ruthab maka berbuka dengan korma kering (tamr), jika tidak ada tamr maka minum dengan satu tegukan air" [Hadits Riwayat Ahmad (3/163), Abu Dawud (2/306), Ibnu Khuzaimah (3/277,278), Tirmidzi 93/70) dengan dua jalan dari Anas, sanadnya shahih].
Next up was the German Military Cemetery at Thiaucourt-Regniéville. Part of the cemetery dates back to 1870 and the Franco-Prussian War.
Almubarekeya Market, Kuwait City. you wont belive that there is actually shops just to sell dates. it comes in different types and origion. after all its tastety
Dates: February 10-12, 2014
Location: Alerus Center, Grand Forks, ND
Photographer: Mike Hess Photography
My teacher asked me to bring an image Represent our group, which talk about the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him..,
And I chosed to photograph a date and honey and Nigella sativa because the Prophet commanded us to eat them cause they're blessing and cure of diseases, God willing..,
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© Sara Almalki
Copyright for this gallery photo belongs solely to me : Sara Almalki. Images may not be copied, downloaded, or used in any way without the express.
جميع الحقوق محفوظة لي : سـارآ المالكي .
لا اسمح بنسخ الصور أو حفظها أو استخدامها بأي طرق أخرى .. دون أخذ موافقتي والإذن مني .
Ancient Novara, which dates to the time of the Ligures and the Celts, was a "municipium", that got its name, by the Romans, when the local Gauls obtained the Roman citizenship. It was destroyed by in 386 by Magnus Maximus, rebuilt by Theodosius I., in 405 sacked by Gothic king Radagaisus and again by Attila in 452.
Under the Lombards, Novara became a duchy; under Charles III (aka "Charles the Fat"), emperor of the Carolingian Empire, a countship. In 1110, it was conquered by Henry V and destroyed, but in 1167 it joined the Lombard League. At the end of the 12th century, it accepted the protection of Milan and became practically a dominion of the Visconti and later of the Sforza. In the Battle of Novara in 1513, Swiss mercenaries defending Novara routed the French troops besieging the city. This ended the French invasion of Italy in the "War of the Holy League".
Novara was the centre of a bishopric already within the 4th century. A large cathedral was erected within the 11th century. It was demolished in the mid-19th century to make way for the current Neo-Classical structure, built 1863 - 1869.
The baptistery was spared from Antonelli´s renovation. It is the earliest Christian monument in Novara, dating back to the early 5th century, built on a side already occupied in Roman times. In the centzer are the remains of an octagonal pool used for baptism by immersion.
Brisbane's recorded history dates from 1799, when Matthew Flinders explored Moreton Bay on an expedition from Port Jackson, although the region had long been occupied by the Yugara and Turrbal aboriginal groups. First Nations Australians lived in coastal South East Queensland (SEQ) for at least 22,000 years, with an estimated population between 6,000 and 10,000 individuals before European settlers arrived in the 1820s.
At this time the Brisbane area was inhabited by the Turrbal people, (Turrbal also being the name of the language they spoke) who knew the area that is now the central business district as Mian-jin, meaning "place shaped as a spike". Archaeological evidence suggests frequent habitation around the Brisbane River, and notably at the site now known as Musgrave Park.
The first convict jail was built in Redcliffe in 1824 and that was moved to the site of the present-day CBD in 1825. Officials believed the natural bend in the river provided an effective barrier against escape.
Read more about the Moreton Bay convict settlement in this article: blogs.archives.qld.gov.au/2021/10/05/moreton-bay-convict-...
Its suitability for fishing, farming, timbering, and other occupations, however, caused it to be opened to free settlement in 1838. Civilian occupation of the area began in 1842, and by the late 1880s Brisbane became the main site for commerce, and the capital-to-be began to develop distinct architectural features and culture.
With an abundance of sunshine and laid-back lifestyle, Brisbane quickly drew people eager to settle in its environs. The city grew steadily over the years and a turning point in its advancement was during World War II when it housed the main allied headquarters in the South Pacific for Australian and American service personnel.
The post-war population boom brought a spurt in industry and Brisbane staked a claim as the third-largest city in Australia.
Despite its rapid progress, Brisbane was often seen as lagging culturally behind Sydney and Melbourne. But two landmark events in the 1980s brought about a major change and accelerated Brisbane towards Australia’s new world city it is today.
The Commonwealth Games came to Brisbane in 1982, and this resulted in a massive injection of new infrastructure and sporting facilities. Then the eyes of the world turned to Brisbane in 1988 and thousands of visitors flocked to Expo 88. The subsequent birth of South Bank on the Expo site has resulted in a thriving cultural hub and Brisbane is more than matching it with its southern counterparts.
FIRST NATIONS HISTORY
Prior to European colonisation, the Brisbane region was occupied by Aboriginal tribes, notably clans of the Yugara, Turrbal and Quandamooka peoples. The oldest archaeological site in the Brisbane region comes from Wallen Wallen Creek on North Stradbroke Island (21,430±400 years before present), however, settlement would likely occurred well prior to this date.
The land, the river and its tributaries were the source and support of life in all its dimensions. The river's abundant supply of food included fish, shellfish, crab, and prawns. Good fishing places became campsites and the focus of group activities. The district was defined by open woodlands with rainforest in some pockets or bends of the Brisbane River.
A resource-rich area and a natural avenue for seasonal movement, Brisbane was a way station for groups travelling to ceremonies and spectacles. The region had several large (200–600 person) seasonal camps, the biggest and most important located along waterways north and south of the current city heart: Barambin or 'York's Hollow' camp (today's Victoria Park) and Woolloon-cappem (Woolloongabba/South Brisbane), also known as Kurilpa. These camping grounds continued to function well into historic times, and were the basis of European settlement in parts of Brisbane.
TOWN PLAN
Buildings were constructed for the convict settlement, generally at right angles to the river's shoreline in the direction of Queen Street, and along the shoreline south-east of today's Victoria Bridge. The outstanding surviving building is the Commissariat Store (1828-29), originally two storeys, in William Street. The street layout, however, developed from a thoroughfare from the river's edge running north-east to the prisoners' barrack near the corner of today's Queen and Albert Streets. When a town survey was done in 1840 that thoroughfare was chosen as the main street – Queen Street – and the grid pattern of square blocks moved out from the Queen Street axis. There were several versions of the town survey. The proposed streets varied in width from 20 to 28 metres but Governor Gipps, anticipating an inauspicious future for the settlement, trimmed them back to the lesser figure. Streets running parallel to Queen Street were named after British and related royalty, among them Queen Mary II, Queen Charlotte (wife of George III) and Queen Adelaide (wife of William IV). William, George, Albert and Edward Streets, running at right angles, had similar royal antecedents. Creek Street's position approximated the course of a minor stream, Wheat Creek.
The town survey occurred about three years after a select committee of the British Parliament had concluded that transportation had ceased to deter crime and, in any event, was tainted with inhumanity. By 1839 Moreton Bay was being transformed from a convict settlement to a free settlement, and in July 1842 the first sales of Brisbane land took place in Sydney. Nearly 60 allotments, each of 36 perches, in North and South Brisbane were offered. Twelve months later blocks in Kangaroo Point were sold. Little care was taken to reserve land or space along the river's edge for public purposes, but the government farm at the south-east end was kept and in time became the botanic gardens.
OUTER SETTLEMENTS
The scatter of urban land sales detracted from North Brisbane's role as a central place in Moreton Bay. Wharves were set up on both sides of the river, and there was an Ipswich-Cleveland 'axis' backed by rural interests which wanted the administrative centre and a port at those places. Probably it was the building of a customs house in 1849 on the river in North Brisbane which had a decisive effect: wharf interests moved, to be closer to the customs house, which in turn influenced the location of warehouses and merchandising. South Brisbane remained at a disadvantage until a permanent Victoria Bridge (1874) replaced ferry crossings.
Four years after the first land sales North and South Brisbane's populations were 614 and 346 respectively. The town was nothing much to look at: convict buildings were dilapidated, new structures had been roughly built and mainly it was the steady inflow of new inhabitants which held the best prospects for improvement. A Catholic school had been opened in 1845 and the Moreton Bay Courier weekly newspaper began publication in 1846, but it was not until the end of the decade that noticeable civic amenities emerged. Coinciding with the arrival of the Fortitude immigrants in 1849 (who were settled outside the town boundary, north of Boundary Street), an Anglican school was opened and a Wesleyan church built in Albert Street. A school of arts was established, moving into its own hall in Creek Street in 1851. Regular postal deliveries were introduced in Brisbane in 1852.
During the 1850s most Churches constructed substantial buildings: St Stephens Catholic in Elizabeth Street (1850), St Johns Anglican, William Street, Presbyterian, Ann Street (1857) and Baptist, Wharf Street (1859). There were three ferry services, to South Brisbane, Kangaroo Point and the 'middle' service from Edward Street, also to Kangaroo Point. The Brisbane Municipal Council was proclaimed, just before colonial self-government, in 1859.
There had been land sales well beyond the town boundaries, but in the early 1860s allotments were cut up for working-class cottages in Spring Hill, Petrie Terrace and Fortitude Valley. In 1861 a census recorded over 8000 people in Brisbane and another 5000 in adjoining areas. An Ipswich to Brisbane telegraph began operation and the unused convict windmill (1828) up in Wickham Terrace was converted to a signal station with a time ball.
TOWN IMPROVEMENTS
Municipal improvements were brought in with improved town lighting from the Brisbane gas works (1864) in Petrie Bight, north of the customs house, and the widely felt need for recreation space was officially recognised by a survey of Yorks Hollow (where the Fortitude migrants had been sent) for Victoria Park. Progress there was slow, with the council using the site for sewage disposal until 1886. Fires rid parts of Queen Street of time-worn commercial buildings in 1864, clearing the way for better structures built under the supervision of fire-protection bylaws. The council also found the need to divide its area into four wards, expanding it into six in 1865 (East, West, North, South, Valley and Kangaroo Point). The council also expanded to a new town hall in Queen Street (1866), by when a short-lived bridge to South Brisbane (1865-67) was in operation. The water supply ponds were hopelessly inadequate, and in 1866 a supply from Breakfast Creek, Enoggera, was turned on.
Gympie gold (1867) brought prosperity to the colony, but the rural-dominated legislature spent the money outside Brisbane, a prime example being the Darling Downs railway to Ipswich (1867) with the intent of having a port on the Bremer River. Legislative shenanigans could not stop the growth of the capital city's population (15,000 in 1871, 23,000 in 1881) nor that of the adjoining suburbs. Brisbane's 1881 population of 23,000 included South Brisbane. Ten years later, after South Brisbane had been made a separate municipality in 1887, their combined populations were 49,000. By 1891 Brisbane and suburbs had a population of over 100,000.
With population and export income from gold there came pressure for public buildings appropriate to the town's growing prosperity. The first of them was the general post office in Queen Street (1872), followed by the government printing office (1874) near the Commissariat Store in William Street. A torrent came in the 1880s, with the Queensland National Bank at the corner of Queen and Creek Streets, the Margaret Street Synagogue, Finney Isles Big Block emporium in Adelaide Street, and in 1889 the new Customs House, the Treasury Building in William Street and the Ann Street Presbyterian church. The legislature aspired to grandeur quite early, in 1868, with its Parliament House near the botanic gardens.
TRAINS AND TRAMS
The Ipswich railway line was joined to Brisbane by a bridge across the river at Chelmer and Indooroopilly in 1876. Ten years later a line to the South Coast was under construction, but the lines were at first organised with rural freight rather than suburban passengers in mind. Suburban transport services started with a horse tram out to New Farm (1885-86), and across the Victoria Bridge to West End. Electric powered trams began in 1887. Central Brisbane was crossed by a Queen Street tram, connected to termini at Newstead, West End and Logan Road at Buranda. The main shopping centre was around Queen, George and Adelaide Streets, competing with Brunswick and Wickham Streets in Fortitude Valley. The south side had shopping at Five Ways, Woolloongabba, and at South Brisbane, although the latter declined after the 1893 floods.
Northside tram lines from Red Hill, Kelvin Grove, Clayfield and Hamilton were opened during 1897-1902, coming into the city via Edward Street in most cases. By 1890 there were also suburban railway lines, to Sandgate via Nundah (1882), to Enoggera and to Cleveland (1889). Brisbane Central station (1889) brought northside travellers right into Brisbane, as before then the Sandgate line had ended at Roma Street via a cost saving line through Victoria Park. The line to Brisbane Central station also passed through busy Fortitude Valley.
With the addition of a tram line to Lutwyche and Kedron in 1913 the pressure of traffic led to the construction of a line along Adelaide Street (1915), which in turn required the Council to widen Adelaide Street by four metres between George and Creek Streets in 1922-23.
HOUSE SIZES
Since 1885 minimum house allotments had been set at 16 perches (10m x 40m). Residents could therefore look forward to more airy, spacious houses outside the city and its adjoining suburbs such as Spring Hill and Petrie Terrace. The better-off population invariably sought out the higher ridges on elevated sites overlooking the river, making Hamilton (with a tram in 1899) one of the most sought after suburbs. It was the new upper-working and middle-class suburbs, however, that showed the change most clearly.
CENTRAL CITY SHOPPING
Central Brisbane had grand department stores, Finney Isles, and Allan and Stark, but not as many as Fortitude Valley. A third one came later in George Street, near the Roma Street railway station: McDonnell and East built a low-rise emporium there in 1912. Commercial and government buildings, usually of a modest height, sometimes had a massive footprint. An exception to the prevailing height practice was the Queensland (later Commonwealth) Bank administration building of eight storeys at the corner of George and Elizabeth Streets (1920) clad with sandstone and granite. The CML building, next to the GPO, went to the legal limit of 11 storeys in 1931 and was exceeded in height only by the Brisbane City Hall tower (1930).
The changing commercial centre was thought to need a distinctive civic space and an Anzac Square was proposed in 1915. It was completed in 1930, coinciding with the City Hall and the construction of a second bridge out of the city, across the river to South Brisbane. Named after William Jolly, first Lord Mayor of the amalgamated Brisbane Metropolitan Council (1925), the bridge was opened in 1932. A third bridge was opened in 1940 from the other (eastern) end of the city across to Kangaroo Point. Neither bridge had trams, but each integrated with the metropolitan council's planned arterial road system.
The opening of the Story Bridge was followed by 20 years of building quietude in central Brisbane. The war and postwar recovery explains part of the inactivity, but central Brisbane made do with its prewar building stock during the 1950s. Suburban expansion was the focus of activity, exemplified by Allan and Stark building a drive-in shopping centre at Chermside in 1957. Another change was the removal of the wholesale food market from Roma Street to Rocklea in 1962.
After recovery from the 1961 credit squeeze, commercial pressure and interstate example succeeded in raising the building height limit. The Pearl Assurance building (1966) at Queen Street was 15 storeys and the Manufacturers Mutual Insurance building (1967), also in Queen Street, was 22 storeys. The SGIO building (1970) in Turbot Street was an even more significant structure.
A lack of building activity in central Brisbane in the 1950s did not detract from its role as a retailing destination. Central city shopping boomed while there were low postwar car ownership and strong radial public transport services. The 1953 retail census for metropolitan Brisbane showed that the city and inner suburbs (Fortitude Valley, Bowen Hills, South Brisbane etc) had 74% of total retail sales.
OFFICES AND SHOPS
Set against the decline in retailing was the growth in high-rise office and commercial buildings. By the late 1980s central Brisbane had about 1.75 million sq metres of office space, ten times the amount of retail floor space. Its share of metropolitan office space was over 70%, and fringe areas such as Spring Hill, Fortitude Valley, Milton and Woolloongabba had another 25%. The change in Brisbane's skyline was evident from across the river, an example being the view from Kangaroo Point to the Riverside Centre office building (1987) at Eagle Street. The eastern commercial end of Ann, Adelaide and Queen Streets began to resemble the closed in narrow streets of Sydney's office precinct.
In contrast to office high rise, the Queen Street retailing centre has kept many of its old buildings. The facades are partly concealed by pedestrian mall shade sails and other structures, but the shops and arcades generate plenty of activity. The most significant addition was the Myer Centre (1988) with eight cinemas and 200 other stores, bounded by Queen, Albert and Elizabeth Streets. It replaced Allan and Stark (Queen Street, opposite side) and McWhirters, Fortitude Valley, which had both been taken over by Myer several years before. When opened, the Myer Centre's retail floor area was nearly 108,000 sq m, 26% more than the largest competing regional drive-in centre, at Upper Mount Gravatt.
PARKS AND RESIDENTS
By the 1960s the growth of metropolitan population and motor traffic was putting central Brisbane's streets under strain. All three river bridges fed into the central business district, although the Centenary Bridge (1960) at Jindalee gave temporary relief. Closer in, relief came in 1969 with the widening of the Story Bridge approaches, and the opening of the fourth Victoria Bridge, often known as the Melbourne Street Bridge. The Riverside Expressway was completed in 1976, a close-in ring road along the western edge of central Brisbane, from Victoria Bridge to the new Captain Cook Bridge, and leading to the south-eastern suburbs. The Expressway decisively altered the appearance of Central Brisbane. The tram crossing had ceased to function when trams were replaced by buses, but a railway crossing came very belatedly with the Merivale Bridge, linking South Brisbane and Roma Street stations in 1978. Prior to that the lines from Beenleigh and Cleveland and the trunk standard gauge from Sydney terminated at the South Brisbane station.
Roma Street had been the site of the wholesale food market, and for decades the land had remained under-used. The central city had incrementally added open spaces to its fabric – King George Square enlarged in 1975 and the Post Office Square opened in 1984 – and in 2001-03 the largest addition, the 16 ha Roma Street Parkland was completed.
Along with Albert Park and Wickham Park, the Parkland gives inner city residents generous open space. The residential population of central Brisbane, however, changed little between 1981 and 2001. The inner city (approximately between Ann and Elizabeth Streets) had just 45 dwellings in 1981 and 689 in 2001. The resident populations for the respective years were 1174 and 976, a decrease. Apartments had replaced boarding houses and rooms. The rest of central Brisbane (including Petrie Terrace) also saw an increase in dwellings (758 to 1282) and a decrease in population (3511 to 1797). Single person apartments had increased, multi-person dwellings had decreased and some of each were not lived in full time, often being held for prospective capital gain. The boom in apartment building from 2001 has added thousands of apartments, many rented by overseas students.
The distinctive features of twenty-first century Brisbane are its increasing resemblance to other capital city office precincts, with forecourts, sub-tropical decorative plants and outdoor cafes. Queen Street's signature silver bullet trams last ran in 1969, but the street's unusual width (Andrew Petrie apparently persuaded Governor Gipps on this point) has provided for a signature shopping mall with generous outdoor seating and dining areas. Out of the central retail area elegant sandstone government and commercial buildings have survived, surely an iconic architectural form. Some buildings have removed their clerks and accountants, substituting hotel patrons, tourists and casino visitors. The historic customs house was purchased by The University of Queensland from the federal government, and includes meeting, dining and gallery space. The City Hall (1930), once the tallest building, has been dwarfed by surrounding skyscrapers, so its clock tower no longer affords a commanding view over Central Brisbane. In 2008 the Brisbane City Council agreed to underpin City Hall which was in danger of gradual sinking on inadequate foundations.
The gothic-style St Johns Anglican Cathedral, commenced in 1901-06, was finally completed in 2009. Bounded by Ann and Adelaide streets, the cathedral roof and other buildings sustained extensive damage in a storm in 2014.
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brisbane & www.visitbrisbane.com.au/information/about-brisbane/histo... & queenslandplaces.com.au/brisbane-central
Dates given on the new sign - 1871-1969. Has been relocated to the city park to be used for community events. Apparently windows are now kept shuttered like this when the building is not in use to prevent them from being broken.
alcazaba
This fortress palace, whose name in Arabic means citadel, is one of the city's historical monuments and is much visited because of its history and beauty.
The building that dates from the Muslim period is located at the foot of the Gibralfaro hill, crowned by the Arab defence works to which the Alcazaba is connected by a walled passage known as the Coracha. With the Roman Theatre and the Aduana Customs Building, this special corner offers the chance to observe Roman, Arab and Renaissance culture, all within a few yards of each other.
According to Arab historians, it was built between 1057 and 1063 at the instructions of Badis, King of the Berber Taifa of Granada. Transported material was used in its construction and columns, capitals and other materials were taken from the nearby Roman Theatre.
The Almoravids in 1092 and the Almohads in 1146 reached Málaga. In 1279 the city was conquered by Muhammed II Ben al-Ahmar and became part of the Nasrid kingdom. The renovation of the building on its rocky base gave it a markedly Nasrid appearance. It combines its defensive purpose with the beauty characteristic of an Arab palace and is organised around rectangular patios and spaces around gardens and pools. According to the traditional architectural tenets of Granada, the rooms attempt to combine the play of light and shade that the Arab master builders achieved so well.
The building's military components make it one of the most important Muslim works in Spain today. Despite its machiolations, turrets, arrow slits and battlements, perhaps its most effective defence was its location, overlooking the city and bay.
In its day it was surrounded by a neighbourhood that no longer exists with latrines in every house and its own sewerage system, proof of the high level of civilisation achieved at the time.
It was restored several times and most recently in the 20th century, and today the building and its important archaeological legacy can be visited. Remains of the Roman walls lined with red stucco appeared and small cisterns carved into the slate and used for making garum (the fish paste made by the Romans) were found during the first archaeological dig. There is also a dungeon where Christian slave girls were locked after working during the day.
I made a couple types of date balls by putting a bunch of pitted dates in the food processor and adding various other things... I added a tablespoon of lemon juice, 1 tsp of vanilla, 1 tsp of cinnamon, 1/4 tsp salt, walnuts, rolled oats and coconut.
In the batch for Joe (who is allergic to nuts) I substituted a few pieces of rice cake for the nuts, just to give it some crunch. Both were quite tastey!