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The Temple Expiatori de la Sagrada FamÃlia (official Catalan name; Spanish: Templo Expiatorio de la Sagrada Familia; "Expiatory Church of the Holy Family"), often simply called the Sagrada FamÃlia, is a massive, privately-funded Roman Catholic church that has been under construction in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain since 1882 and is not expected to be complete until at least 2026. A portion of the building's interior is scheduled to open for public worship and tours by September 2010.
Considered the master-work of renowned Catalan architect Antoni Gaudà (1852–1926), the project's vast scale and idiosyncratic design have made it one of Barcelona's (and Spain's) top tourist attractions for many years.
Construction history
The Sagrada Familia was designed by Antoni Gaudà (1852–1926), who worked on the project from 1883 and devoted the last fifteen years of his life entirely to the endeavour. In 1882, prior to GaudÃ's involvement, Francesc del Villar was commissioned to design a church on the site. He resigned a year later and Gaudà was appointed the project architect, redesigning the project entirely. The project is scheduled to be completed in 2026. On the subject of the extremely long construction period, Gaudà is said to have remarked, "My client is not in a hurry." After GaudÃ's death in 1926, work continued under the direction of Domènech Sugranyes until interrupted by the Spanish Civil War in 1936. Parts of the unfinished barn and GaudÃ's models and workshop were destroyed during the war by Catalan anarchists. The present design is based on reconstructed versions of the lost plans as well as on modern adaptations. Since 1940 the architects Francesc Quintana, Isidre Puig Boada, LluÃs Bonet i Gari and Francesc Cardoner have carried on the work. The illumination was designed by Carles Buigas. The current director and son of LluÃs Bonet, Jordi Bonet i Armengol, has been introducing computers into the design and construction process since the 1980s. Mark Burry of New Zealand serves as Executive Architect and Researcher. Sculptures by J. Busquets, Etsuro Sotoo and the controversial Josep Subirachs decorate the fantastical façades.
According to the newspaper El Periódico de Catalunya, 2.26 million people visited the partially built church in 2004, making it one of the most popular attractions in Spain. The central nave vaulting was completed in 2000 and the main tasks since then have been the construction of the transept vaults and apse. As of 2006, work concentrates on the crossing and supporting structure for the main tower of Jesus Christ as well as the southern enclosure of the central nave which will become the Glory façade.
Recently, the Ministry of Public Works of Spain (Ministerio de Fomento in Spanish), has projected the construction of a tunnel for the high speed train just under where the principal façade of the temple has to be built. Although the ministry claims that the project poses no risk to the church, the engineers and architects of the temple disagree as there is no guarantee that the tunnel will not affect the stability of the building. A campaign is being waged by the Sagrada FamÃlia preservation society (Patronat de la Sagrada FamÃlia) and the neighbourhood association AVE pel Litoral.
Towers
Every part of the design of La Sagrada FamÃlia is replete with Christian symbolism, as Gaudà intended the church to be the "last great sanctuary of Christendom". Its most striking aspect is its spindle-shaped towers. A total of eighteen tall towers are called for, representing in ascending order of height the Twelve Apostles, the four Evangelists, the Virgin Mary and, tallest of all, Jesus Christ. (According to the 2005 "Works Report" of the temple's official website, drawings signed by Gaudà found recently in the Municipal Archives indicate that the tower of the Virgin was in fact intended by Gaudà to be shorter than those of the evangelists, and this is the design — which the Works Report states is more compatible with the existing foundations — that will be followed. The same source explains the symbolism in terms of Christ being known through the Evangelists.) The Evangelists' towers will be surmounted by sculptures of their traditional symbols: a bull (St Luke), a winged man (St Matthew), an eagle (St John), and a lion (St Mark). The central tower of Jesus Christ is to be surmounted by a giant cross; the tower's total height (170 m) will be one metre less than that of Montjuïc (a hill in Barcelona), as Gaudà believed that his work should not surpass that of God. Lower towers are surmounted by communion hosts with sheaves of wheat and chalices with bunches of grapes, representing the Eucharist.
Façades
The Church will have three grand façades: the Nativity façade to the East, the Glory façade to the South (yet to be completed) and the Passion façade to the West. The Nativity facade was built before work was interrupted in 1935 and bears the most direct Gaudà influence. The Passion façade is especially striking for its spare, gaunt, tormented characters, including emaciated figures of Christ being flogged and on the crucifix. These controversial designs are the work of Josep Maria Subirachs.
Interior
The church plan is that of a Latin cross with five aisles. The central nave vaults reach forty-five metres while the side nave vaults reach thirty metres. The transept has three aisles. The columns are on a 7.5 metre grid. However, the columns of the apse, resting on del Villar's foundation, do not adhere to the grid, requiring a section of columns of the ambulatory to transition to the grid thus creating a horseshoe pattern to the layout of those columns. The crossing rests on the four central columns of porphyry supporting a great hyperboloid surrounded by two rings of twelve hyperboloids (currently under construction). The central vault reaches sixty metres. The apse will be capped by a hyperboloid vault reaching seventy-five metres. Gaudà intended that a visitor standing at the main entrance be able to see the vaults of the nave, crossing, and apse, thus the graduated increase in vault loftiness.
The columns of the interior are a unique Gaudà design. Besides branching to support their load, their ever-changing surfaces are the result of the intersection of various geometric forms. The simplest example is that of a square base evolving into an octagon as the column rises, then a sixteen-sided form, and eventually to a circle. This effect is the result of a three-dimensional intersection of helicoidal columns (for example a square cross-section column twisting clockwise and a similar one twisting counter-clockwise).
Geometric details
The towers on the Nativity façade are crowned with geometrically shaped tops that are reminiscent of Cubism (they were finished around 1930), and the intricate decoration is contemporary to the style of Art Nouveau, but GaudÃ's unique style drew primarily from nature, not other artists or architects, and resists categorization.
Gaudà used hyperboloid structures in later designs of the Sagrada FamÃlia (more obviously after 1914), however there are a few places on the nativity façade—a design not equated with GaudÃ's ruled-surface design, where the hyperboloid crops up. For example, all around the scene with the pelican there are numerous examples (including the basket held by one of the figures). There is a hyperboloid adding structural stability to the cypress tree (by connecting it to the bridge). And finally, the "bishop's mitre" spires are capped with hyperboloid structures. In his later designs, ruled surfaces are prominent in the nave's vaults and windows and the surfaces of the Passion facade.
Symbolism
Themes throughout the decoration include words from the liturgy. The towers are decorated with words such as "Hosanna", "Excelsis", and "Sanctus"; the great doors of the Passion façade reproduce words from the Bible in various languages including Catalan; and the Glory façade is to be decorated with the words from the Apostles' Creed.
Areas of the sanctuary will be designated to represent various concepts, such as saints, virtues and sins, and secular concepts such as regions, presumably with decoration to match.
*SURLY* trucker deluxe complete bike
BLUE LUG custom
SPEC
Frame: *SURLY* trucker deluxe
Fender: *HONJO*
Stem: *SIM WORKS* wendy stem
Front Carrier: *NITTO*
Wheels: *VELOCITY* synergy 650B rim × *SHIMANO* deore XT hub
Tire: *GRAND BOIS* hetre 650×42B
Crankset: *WHITE INDUSTRIES* VBC road crankset (black)
Brake lever:*PAUL* love lever
Sifter: *SHIMANO* dura-ace double lever
FD: *SHIMANO*
RD: *SHIMANO* deore XT
Headset:*CANE CREEK* 100.TR 1 1/8" (silver)
Brake: *PAUL* moto v brake
Handle: *NITTO* all rounder bar (silver)
Grip: *DIMENTION* cork grips (black)
Seatpost: *NITTO* 65 seatpost (silver)
Saddle: *BROOKS* swift saddle (black)
A complete set of 12 (days of Christmas), painted on canvas by S'mee in the style of 12 individual artists. J.Miro, G.DeChirico, H.D.T. Lautrec, G. Seurat, S. Dali, C. Monet, V. VanGogh, J. Pollock, H. Matisse, P.Picasso, and P.Klee.
Each has it's own ribbon hanger attached, but hiding in the photo, so that it can hang on a tree or on the wall, or if you're a fashion conscious -around your wee litle neck.
One sent to each person on S'mee's ornament swap list, also featuerd on "NPR's Holiday Contest" and also at "12 Days of Christmas, Flickr! Style". More individual photos and info on the flickr! page: www.flickr.com/photos/knotinthestring/
blogged at: knotinthestring.blogspot.com/2006/11/ornament-exchange.ht...
e-mail: pilokween@msn.com
*FAIRWEATHER*cx complete bike
BLUE LUG custom
SPEC
Frame: *FAIRWEATHER*cx BLUE LUG CUSTOM PAINT by COOK PAINT WORKS
Headset:*CHRIS KING* nothreadset
Wheels: *DT SWISS*rr465 rim × *WHITE INDUSTRIES*disc standard eno hub
Tire: *RIVENDELL* jack brown
Crankset:*WHITE INDUSTRIES* eno single speed crank
Brake lever:*DIA-COMPE*128s-2
Handle: *VELO ORANGE* porteur handlebar
Stem:*FAIRWEATHER* UI-71 integrated stem
Seat post: *NITTO*s65
Saddle:*BROOKS*b17 standard
*Bamboosero*
BLUE LUG custom
SPEC
Frame: *Bamboosero* Road Frame
Headset: *CHRIS KING* nothreadset 1 1/8" (brown)
Front Wheel: *CAMPAGNOLO*
Rear Wheel: *CAMPAGNOLO*
Tire: *MICHELIN* pro3 race tire (black) 700×23C
Crank: *WHITE INDUSTRIES* eno single speed crank (black)
Pedal:*TIME*
Brake: *CAMPAGNOLO*
Stem: *THOMSON* elite x2 stem(black)
Seatpost: *THOMSON* elite seatpost (black)
Saddle: *GILLES BERTHOUD* men's leather saddle (cork)
*AFFINITY*lopro complete bike
BLUE LUG custom
SPEC
Frame:*AFFINITY CYCLES* lo pro track frame (lollipop purple)
Headset:*CHRIS KING* nothreadset
Wheels: *PHILWOOD* track hub ×　*VELOCITY* a23
Tire: *HUTCHINSON* intensive2 tire (black)
Crankset:*SUGINO* 75 crankset
Stem:*NITTO* ui-25 stem (black)
Handle: *EASTON* ea-70
Brake lever:*SRAM*
Seatpost:*NITTO* 65 seatpost (black)
Saddle:*SELLE SAN MARCO* concor light
One of my favorite unused images from the LEGO Animation Book is this prototype shot of David Pagano (as played by Sam Sinister) and I high-fiving after successfully completing a single frame of animation on the "set" of The Magic Picnic.
Dress loosely based on the tutorial found here, though I didn't start with a pillowcase so I cut my own base pattern. But the instructions on the tut were great to refer to. And the idea of 'done is better than perfect' resonates so well with me these days too.
Bloomers made by me.
Completed in 1838, the Old Arsenal Museum is part of the Capitol Complex in downtown Baton Rouge, Louisiana.
Displayed outside of a bookstall in Athens, I found this offering, although in English, to be a little incomplete. Certainly it contained no information on Bristol Omnibus Company 9552, A952SAE, which is in my possession, nor any reference to the six Roe bodied convertible open top buses delivered to Weston-super-nare depot in 1984.
*REW10WORKS*road complete custom
BLUE LUG custom
SPEC
Frame: *REW10WORKS*road
special paint by COOKPAINTWORKS
Fork:*WOUND UP*
Headset:*CHIRIS KING*
Wheels: *VELOCITY*a23 rim × *CHIRIS KING*r45
Tire: *CLEMENT*strada lgg
Crankset:*SHIMANO*ultegra
Brake&shift lever:*SHIMANO*ultegra
FD&RD:*SHIMANO*ultegra
Brake:*SHIMANO*ultegra
Handle: *NITTO×FAIRWEATHER*mod174 all road bar
Stem:*NITTO*ui85bx
Seat post: *KENT ERIKSEN*titanium
Saddle:*FIZIK*arione
*HUNTER CYCLES* cx complete bike
BLUE LUG custom
SPEC
Frame: *HUNTER CYCLES* cx
Fork: *ENVE* taperd cross disc fork
Headset:*CHRIS KING* inset7 (brown)
Wheels: *HED.* belgium C2 rim 700c (all black) × *CHRIS KING* R45 disc hub (black)
Tire: *CHALLENGE* chicane
Crankset: *SRAM* force22 crankset
Pedal: *CRANK BROTHERS* candy
Brake&shift lever:*SRAM* force 22
FD&RD: *SRAM* force 22
Brake:*AVID* bb7sl disc brake
Handle: *RITCHEY* evo curve
Stem:*THOMSON* elite x2 stem (black)
Seat post: *THOMSON* masterpiece seatpost (black)
Saddle:*FIZIK* arione
Bartape:*LIZARD SKINS* dsp 2.5 bartape (green)
Check out the video of Greg and Felicia making this Codex staff at Greg's blog, http://barnyardfx.blogspot.com/.
The actual Codex staff they made is up for auction on eBay, with the proceeds benefitting the American Red Cross.
finally done..tooks me about 1 week to complete this project b/c of the drying time required inbetween steps.
Cake, Carmella and Blue are very happy with their new outfits. Tops, tulle skirt, and dress all from Dolly Coordinate for a Small doll. I drafted up the leggings that Blue is wearing.
Airbus A321-251NX [A321neoâ„¢]
MSN 8984
G-NEOW ✈
A320-232
MSN 1892
G-GATM
British Airways
BAW BA
Copyright © 2021 A380spotter. All rights reserved.
Though I am a closet snob, with our time frame and dwindeling budget we had to get creative. Thanks to Sam's we came up with this closet system, it gave us the custom feel with out the custom price.
Here it is finally, my Hogwarts Express complete with lighting detail.
This model features:
Power Function drive from motor on tender!
Power Function lamps on the front!
Power Function lamp on the rear!
Power Function firebox light!
So lots of Power Functions :P, took me a little while to sort this out, as you can see by the mess of wires connecting the loco and tender.
How this was achieved.
I stared experimenting after I found out it was incredibly easy to give this loco powered front lamps, I thought to myself 'wow these wires are really long, there is quite a length to spare', and that thought got me thinking about if it was possible to have another set of lights power both the rear lamp and the fire light.
So then I took apart my old front lamp and tried to see if it would stretch to fit both light sockets, which it did! located in between the rear drive wheels are the two blocks that are on the wires for the lights. one faces forward and the other back so I had an extra 2.5 brick length to get from the loco to the tender. As you can see the wires needed to come round from the wheels so that is where I implemented the technic spacers in the wheels to allow the wires access around the brick.
The wheel set was made hollow and the fire light actually has a long length of wire hidden inside the gap in between the wheels. The second light was fed up through the gap in front of the wheels where the original drive wire came from the underneath motor. Like the wire from the motor it was fed down the side of the panel walls to access the back of the tender, at the moment the light pushes the rear lamp out a bit but this is going to be fixed with the use of a fibre optic flex bar to be ordered along with the few parts I need to finish the cab controls.
Well here it is, with only about 7 pieces to add to it I have finally completed this locomotive. Started in January 2010 and finished after three and a half years! Enjoy :)
*SALSA* pistola complete bike
BLUE LUG custom
SPEC
Frame: *SALSA* pistola
Headset:*CHRIS KING* nothreadset 1 1/8 inch
Wheels: *DT SWISS*rr415 × *DT SWISS* 240s road
Tire: *CONTINENTAL* grand prix 4000s
Crankset:*CAMPAGNOLO* record
Brake&shift lever:*CAMPAGNOLO* chorus
RD:*SHIMANO*duraace
Brake:*CAMPAGNOLO* athena
Handle: *RITCHEY*logic curve
Stem:*THOMSON* elite x2
Seat post: *THOMSON* elite
Saddle:*FIZIK*antares
*FAIRWEATHER* CX complete bike
BLUE LUG custom
SPEC
Frame: *FAIRWEATHER* CX frame Stone surface custom painted by COOK PAINT WORKS
Headset:*CHRIS KING* nothreadset (brown)
Stem: *ENVE* carbon stem
Brake hanger:*FAIRWEATHER* cable hanger (black)
Handle:*ENVE* road bar
Wheels: *ROLF PRIMA* vigor cx
Tire: *CLEMENT*
Brake & Shift lever:*SRAM* cx1
RD: *SRAM* cx1
Crankset: *SRAM* CX1 crankset
BB:*PHILWOOD* outboard bb classic
Saddle: *SELLE ITALIA* flite slr
Brake: *AVID* shorty ultimate
The Recession Socks are finished at last.
I think they are my favorite so far. A very good use of left over sock yarn. And what fun to wear with jeans
*SURLY* big dummy complete bike
BLUE LUG custom
SPEC
Frame: *SURLY* big dummy custom painted by COOK PAINT WORKS
Headset:*CHRIS KING* nothreadset (black)
Handle:*NITTO* b352 all rounder bar custom painted by COOK PAINT WORKS
Wheels: *VELOCITY* blunt 35 rim × *SHIMANO* alfine
Tire: *SOMA* cazadero
Brake lever:*AVID*
Saddle: *BROOKS* b17 standard
Brake: *AVID* bb7
Frame bags:*FAIRWEATHER*
Bascket:*WALD*
*FAIRWEATHWR*cx complete bike
BLUE LUG custom
SPEC
Frame: *FAIRWEATHER*cx
Headset:*CHRIS KING* nothreadset 1 1/8 inch
Wheels: *H PLUS SON* the box × *PHILWOOD* road
Tire: *CONTINENTAL* gatorskin
Crankset:*SRAM*rival
Brake&shift lever:*SRAM*rival
RD:*SRAM*rival
Brake:*TRP*eurox
Handle: *EASTON*ea50
Stem:*THOMSON* elite x4
Seat post: *THOMSON* elite
Saddle:*WTB*volt
Frontbag:*SWIFT INDUSTRIES* ozette rando bag
(further pictures and information you can see if you go to the end of page and by clicking on the link...)
Belvedere
Belvedere Castle. Garden Front of the Lower Belvedere.
Belvedere Palace stands supposedly on the foundations of a Roman camp that had been erected here for strategic reasons. In 1693 Prince Eugene of Savoy acquired field and vineyard grounds between today's Rennweg and today's Gürtel. In 1700 Johann Lukas von Hildebrandt began with the construction of a palace garden (Lower Belvedere), whose in French-style layed out park was equipped with large water basins, an orangery with precious foreign plants and a menagerie. Prince Eugene was a great animal lover, and some animals in his collection could be fed exclusively by himself.
1720 the Prince conceived the plan the summer palace to supplement by a another palace building on the hill of the garden.
The 1721 by Johann Lukas von Hildebrandt begun works had been completed in 1724. The Upper Belvedere served in contrast to the Lower only representative purposes and was never meant to live.
The Prince and his architect managed a perfect symbiosis between architecture and garden. After the death of the Savoy (1736) inherited his niece Victoria of Savoy-Soisson, nee Princess Hildburghausen, all his possessions. From her the Habsburgs beginning of 1752 acquired the Belvedere. From 1755 Empress Maria Theresa moved the Arcierenleibgarde (Royal Company of the Archers) and the Galician Guard in the annex of the Belvedere. Besides, the castle stood almost empty.
Belvedere Castle. Engraving by Salomon Kleiner 1731/40 (left).
Vienna from the Belvedere. Coloured copper engraving by Carl Schütz, 1784 (right).
1770 Belvedere Palace was venue of brilliant festivities:
In castle and park the marriage of Archduchess Maria Antonia (Marie Antoinette) with the Dauphin of France by proxy (per procura) was celebrated. About 2,000 people were invited, more than 1,500 bottles of champagne, which was far from home in Vienna at that time,
were emptied. For hospitality of the guests, there were round tables, which were covered with silver. However, the Court of Vienna had a large part of the silver service to rent of nobles, because the stocks of the silver chamber were not sufficient. Finished was the festival by a magnificent fireworks.
1776, the imperial picture gallery from the Stallburg (home of the famous Lipizzan stallions) was transferred to the Upper Belvedere, the animals of the menagerie came to Schönbrunn. Shortly before the Congress of Vienna in 1814 in the Lower Belvedere the Ambras Collection was exposed. During the war against Napoleon (1805-1809), much of the collection of paintings had to be outsourced. The Corsican claimed 400 masterpieces for himself, but which after his defeat at Waterloo to the Habsburgs have been restituted. The after the French wars completely neglected building has been restored 1850-1866.
Castle Park with Upper Belvedere. Photograph, around 1890.
1819 Emperor Franz II (I) the Institute of Botany, University of Vienna, had given spacious grounds for enlargement of the Botanical Garden at Rennweg. Franz was very interested in botany and in accordance with a Habsburg House bill - every Archduke must learn a civilian job - has been educated for gardener. In an adjoining garden of Schloß Belvedere he had from his private funds laid out a botanical garden ("Flora Austriaca") which was left to the Institute of Botany for use.
During the cholera epidemic of 1831, the Belvedere served as well as Schönbrunn Palace the imperial family as a refuge; supposedly one was there protected from the bad air, which was attributed to the onset of the disease. Both castles lay in the "countryside", the air was much better here than in the densely populated city. During wartime, a hospital was set up in the castle.
As the space for the imperial collections became too small, it was thought to expand the Upper Belvedere by wing buildings. This plan was dropped for aesthetic reasons, however. After the expansion of the city (razing of the bastions and glacis) arose on the ring road the newly created Court Museums; moved there in 1891 the major part of the paintings.
Archduke-Heir to the Throne Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Este at folk and children's party in the park of the Belvedere Palace. Photograph, 1905.
To 1893/94 it is likely that Archduke Franz Ferdinand has chosen the Upper Belvedere to his residence in Vienna. Other sources say that it had been assigned to him by the Emperor Franz Joseph as a place to stay in Vienna. The rooms have been restored, adapted for residential purposes and supplemented with neo-Baroque furniture. The heir of the Este collections furnished his residence with numerous works of art. He had envisaged the castle for the accommodation of his collections; in 1893 were numerous boxes from India and Singapore in Belvedere stored. 1894 Emperor Franz Joseph could see the collection: "Yesterday I went to the Belvedere, where Franzi showed me his now quite and very nicely prepared collections. The same are as imposing as interesting by the incredible amount of objects and by the rarity and beauty of them. I believe that this exhibition would be interesting for you", wrote the monarch to his wife, Empress Elisabeth. That same year, Archduke Franz Ferdinand showed his collections his future wife, Sophie Chotková,
"Where I unaware of your fatigue with particular brutality you dragged from box to box" as he apologetically from Budweis wrote to the Countess.
Then the collections moved one the one hand to the Palais Modena in the Beatrixgasse, on the other hand to Konopischt. Only in 1898, Franz Ferdinand was granted by Emperor Franz Joseph to move into the Belvedere as Vienna Residence. More revitalization works were carried out and were also necessary. Technical modernization and preservation of the original building condition had priority - as always with the projects of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. As furnishings served still preserved furnitures from Schloss Hof, which were supplemented by new ones in old style. The private rooms in addition to electric lighting were equipped with central heating.
Belvedere Castle. Staircase in the Upper Belvedere (left).
Marble plastic "Apotheosis of Prince Eugene" by Balthasar Permoser in Gold Cabinet of the Lower Belvedere (right).
If his presence was needed in Vienna, Franz Ferdinand here could lead a normal family life and escape the pressures of court ceremonial, in which the to him in morganatic marriage affiliated wife was exposed to the evils of the courtiers. When the heir to the throne invited guests to the Belvedere, he was sitting opposite his wife as a hostess while she was ranked in the Hofburg always after the latest unmarried Archduchess. About the cozy family life at Belvedere reported Prince von Clary-Aldringens:
"Aunt Sophie invited us ... to snack into a Belvedere, unexpectedly, suddenly appeared the Archduke - we literally froze in our Hab-Acht-position (stand at attention). He greeted us warmly ... [I got to know] the Archduke as a friendly landlord, who was playing and laughing with his Children..."
Between 1899 and 1914 in the Lower Belvedere the military bureau of the heir to the throne was housed. Other well-known Residents - but of outbuildings - were Anton Bruckner, who in 1896 died in the Kustodenwohnung (guardian house), and Richard Strauss, who lived here from 1925 to 1944.
After the assassination of the Archduke and his wife in Sarajevo, the Belvedere should serve as the residence of the new heir to the throne, Archduke Karl and his family. This, however, preferred living in Schönbrunn and especially in the villa Wartholz. In 1917, Charles' brother Archduke Maximilian moved with his family into the Belvedere.
During World War II the castle was badly damaged by bombs, but rebuilt after the war ended immediately. On 15 May 1955 was the Marble Hall venue of the signing of the Austrian State Treaty. Today, the Upper Belvedere houses important art collections.
Excerpts from
Thus lived the Habsburgs - Imperial and Royal Palaces in the
Austro-Hungarian Monarchy
Ingrid Haslinger, Gerhard Trumler
Christian Brandstätter Verlag mbH
The publishing service for museums, businesses and
public bodies
www.brandstaetter - verlag.at
Denomination of the summer residence which Prince Eugene of Savoy himself had erected btw Rennweg and Swiss Garden. The term which refers to the unique view over Vienna dates from the time of Maria Theresa. Prinz Eugen bought in 1697 a plot of land at the Rennweg, which he extended to 1721 in four stages to the current area. Between 1714 and 1716 emerged the Lower Belvedere It is an elongated ground floor building, designed of a 7-axes central projection, two wings and two corner pavilions. The 3-axis central pavilion houses the Marble Hall. The castle the only rarely in Vienna sojourning builder served during the summer months as a pleasure palace.
Only in 1720 commenced construction works for the Upper Belvedere, first drawings for this existed already in 1717. The in it extent and form language compared to the Lower Belvedere especially magnificent Upper Belvedere served primarily as a representative setting for grand receptions and festivities. The architectural history of the example due to the loss of the Eugenianischen Bauarchivs (construction archiv of Prince Eugene) cannot be explored in detail without any gaps. 1723 (according to Rizzi 1721/22) the Upper Belvedere s is considered complete. The architect Johann Lukas von Hildebrandt, who repeatedly worked for Prince Eugen, with the construction of the Belvedere has created his main work. It counts in its multiform architectonic as well as sculptural structure to the most important baroque buildings of the 18th century. The to the ensemble belonging, btw Upper and Lower Belvedere laying garden has been created by the Bavarian horticultural engineer D. Girard and today only in broad terms is original. The designs for the interior of the castle stem from C. le Fort du Plessy.
After the death of the prince the belvedere went into the possession of his sole heiress, Victoria Duchess of Saxe-Hildburghausen. She sold it in 1752 to Maria Theresa. At the behest of Joseph II from 1775 the imperial picture gallery was transferred here, which in 1781 for the first time was open to the public. had. Since 1806 was located in the Lower Belvedere the Ambras Collection. Both collections were in 1890 in the Museum of Art History transferred. In 1894, the palace became residence for the heir to the throne Archduke Franz Ferdinand.
After the first World War I the Republic of Austria in Belvedere installed the Austrian Gallery. 1945 suffered the Belvedere severe war damage. In 1950, the "Gold Cabinet" in the north-eastern corner pavilion of the Upper Belvedere was destroyed by fire and replaced by a copy. The since 1988 ongoing general renovation should have been completed in 1996.
aeiou - the cultural information system of the bm: bwk
14,000 key words and 2000 pictures from history, geography, politics and business in Austria
Austrian Gallery Belvedere
The in the center of Vienna situated Belvedere palaces with their extensive parks form an impressive baroque Gesamtkunstwerk. The Museum in the Upper and Lower Castle
provides an excellent overview of the Austrian Art from the Middle Ages to the present. the collections of the 19th and 20th Century also include an exquisite inventory of international art. World Famous works by Klimt, Schiele, Kokoschka, Renoir and Monet you can see in the upper
Belvedere, from where you can enjoy a spectacular view to the center of Vienna. In the historic rooms of the Lower Belvedere are shown works of art from the Middle Ages and Baroque.
Austrian Gallery Belvedere
Prinz Eugen -Strasse 27 , A - 1037 Wien
Phone +43 / ( 0) 1 / 79557-0
Fax +43 / (0) 1/79 84 337
Upper Belvedere
Collections of the 19th and 20th century
Prinz Eugen -Strasse 27 , A - 1037 Wien
Lower Belvedere
Baroque Museum, and Museum of Medieval Art
Rennweg 6a, A - 1030 Vienna
© Copyright Jan Richards All rights reserved
Our son, and younger child, completes the final stages of his last college application. It has been a few years since our daughter completed the process, but it's a very important process for everyone involved.
*HUNTER CYCLES* cx complete bike
BLUE LUG custom
SPEC
Frame: *HUNTER CYCLES* cx
Fork: *ENVE* taperd cross disc fork
Headset:*CHRIS KING* inset7 (brown)
Wheels: *HED.* belgium C2 rim 700c (all black) × *CHRIS KING* R45 disc hub (black)
Tire: *CHALLENGE* chicane
Crankset: *SRAM* force22 crankset
Pedal: *CRANK BROTHERS* candy
Brake&shift lever:*SRAM* force 22
FD&RD: *SRAM* force 22
Brake:*AVID* bb7sl disc brake
Handle: *RITCHEY* evo curve
Stem:*THOMSON* elite x2 stem (black)
Seat post: *THOMSON* masterpiece seatpost (black)
Saddle:*FIZIK* arione
Bartape:*LIZARD SKINS* dsp 2.5 bartape (green)