View allAll Photos Tagged codon
see picturing the genetic code
dx.doi.org/10.1038/npre.2007.682.1
and
network.nature.com/forums/scivis/457
Diagram by Anthony Edwards
i-tournee
ii-programas natal 2008
VHC, Dallas, Soledad, Chen
Coliseus, Mundial, Império....
iv-breves/News
v-reportagem Soleil.-Richard bros
vi-Programas internacionais
vii-Festivais 2009
viii-fotos com história (Teixeira Codonis)
Ix-estatisticas
x-artista do mÊS- Isaac Alves
Consensus phylogenetic tree of the mazG gene from Group 1 phage isolates and bacteria.Bacteria sequences as in Figure 1 plus the following phage sequences: Group 1 phages S-PM2, S-IO41, IO50, S-BP3, S-MM1, SBnM1, RS23, FWP, RS18, RS56, S-MM5, RS37, RS26, RS27, RS9 and RS11 and 7 phage sequences from the NCBI database; Myxococcus phage Mx8, Roseobacter phage S101, Mycobacterium phage L-5, and cyanophages S-PM2, P-SMM4, P-SMM2 and Syn9. Trees are unrooted and were generated from DNA codon alignments. Clade support values are shown at the nodes of the clades, only values below 0.95 are shown. Group 1 is shown coloured in red, phage sequences from NCBI in orange, and bacteria as in Figure 1.
This is a design of my DNA/RNA genome quilt idea. This design uses a gene and codes for the amino acids in groups of three codons on top. Then the bottom of each box is the code for the original base that bonds with the RNA on top. This quilt design uses photoshop.
O selênio foi descoberto em 1817 por Jöns Jacob Berzelius, que descobriu o elemento associado com telúrio (nomeado para o Terra). Ele foi descoberto como um subproduto da produção de ácido sulfúrico.
Veio a perceber médicos mais tarde devido à sua toxicidade para os seres humanos que trabalham na indústria. Foi também reconhecido como um importante da toxina veterinária.
Em 1954, as primeiras sugestões de funções biológicas específicas de selênio foram descobertos em microorganismos. Sua essencialidade para a vida dos mamíferos foi descoberto em 1957.
Em 1970, ele mostrou-se presente em dois conjuntos independentes de enzimas. Isto foi seguido pela descoberta de selenocisteína em proteínas.
Durante a década de 1980, foi demonstrado que a selenocisteína é codificada pelo códon TGA. O mecanismo de recodificação foi trabalhado em primeiro lugar nas bactérias e, em seguida, em mamíferos (ver elemento SECIS).
O crescimento do consumo de selénio foi historicamente orientada pelo desenvolvimento constante de novos usos, incluindo aplicações em compostos de borracha, de liga de aço, e retificadores de selênio. O selênio é também um material essencial para a bateria de impressoras laser e fotocopiadoras.
Em 1970, selênio em retificadores foi amplamente substituído pelo de silício, mas a sua utilização como um fotocondutor em copiadoras de papel comum tornou-se sua aplicação principal.
Durante a década de 1980, a aplicação fotocondutor diminuiu (embora ele ainda era um grande final de uso) como copiadoras mais e mais, usando fotocondutores orgânicos foram produzidos.
No momento atual, o maior uso de selênio em todo o mundo é na fabricação de vidro, seguido por usos de produtos químicos e pigmentos. uso Electronics, apesar de um número de pedidos continuou, continua a diminuir.
No final de 1990, o uso de selênio (geralmente com bismuto) como um aditivo para latão encanamento para atender nenhuma ligação normas ambientais tornaram-se importantes. Actualmente, a produção de selênio total mundial continua a aumentar ligeiramente.
Apresenta propriedades fotovoltaicas (converte luz diretamente em eletricidade) e fotocondutivas (resistência elétrica diminui com o aumento da luminosidade). No estado sólido, é um semicondutor tipo P.
distance between the province of camarines sur and the province of catanduanes. kung may pier sa codon,san andres at sa caramoan,cam sur e sana mas madali ang byahe. pag baba ng bus sa kabila e malapit na yun sa naga. yung kaliwa jan camarines sur na malapit na jan ang naga. bandang tigaon sa parteng yan e.
Nikon D200 + Nikkor 300 AF-ED (1/400 f/6,3 ISO 200)
Capture NX + CS3
Lago di Caldonazzo, Trentino, Northern Italy
Common in Baltic sea and Norway
El oriolano don Fernando de Loazes, sucesivamente obispo de Elna, Lérida, Tortosa, arzobispo de Tarragona y arzobispo de Valencia- Patriarca de Antioquia, mandó levantar la grandiosa fábrica renacentista de Santo Domingo, por más que se finalizara transcurridos muchos años de su muerte, con la monumental portada barroca de de la universidad. Fue también él quien inició el largo y complicado itinerario que llevaría cien años después, en 1646, al logro completo de la Universidad de Orihuela; con esa finalidad hizo cuantiosas donaciones, legó sus bienes muebles e inmuebles y escogió como embrión del centro de estudios superiores al convento de dominicos de Nuestra Señora del Socorro y San José, intramuros de Orihuela.
Así pues, las obras de Santo Domingo, el edificio más emblemático del antiguo reino de Valencia y monumento nacional, dieron comienzo en 1553 y concluyeron mediados el setecientos. De la imponente construcción sobresale, en primer término, una grandiosa fachada, muy austera, con marcado predominio de de la línea horizontal, sólo interrumpida por ventanas y las portadas que dan acceso a la iglesia, convento y antigua universidad respectivamente; de éstas, las dos primeras, labradas en el quinientos, son las más antiguas, si bien la de mayor monumentalidad es la gran portada barroca de la universidad, diseñada a comienzos del siglo XVIII por Pedro Juan Codoñer.
En el interior, los elementos y dependencias principales son, además de los dos maravillosos claustros, la iglesia y su torre-campanario, la historiada portada de la sacristía y el refectorio. La iglesia, salvo la fachada, que es posterior, fue trazada en el seiscientos por Pedro Quintana, quien concibió una masa única con bóveda de medio cañón, capillas entre los contrafuertes y cúpula en la unión de crucero y nave. Más tardía es la torre, con rica decoración, que, a mediados del siglo XVIII, reemplazó al campanario renacentista. Por su parte, la puerta de la sacristía debida a Juan Inglés, a quien se ha atribuido sin plena seguridad la traza originaria de Santo Domingo, es del último tercio del XVI, concebida como un arco del triunfo sobre el que apoya un templete. El espléndido y espacioso refectorio del antiguo convento muestra nervaduras de gótico final, y fue reformado en el siglo XVIII, enriqueciéndolo con uno de los mejores zócalos de azulejería valenciana que han llegado a la actualidad.
Codon diagram: The genetic code consists of 64 triplets of nucleotides. These triplets are called codons. The diagram above shows all 64 codons represented as a Venn diagram, such that each adjacent area differs from its neighbour by only one letter (or Nucleobase).
see picturing the genetic code
dx.doi.org/10.1038/npre.2007.682.1
and
network.nature.com/forums/scivis/457
Diagram by Anthony Edwards
Special Shoot on the terrace of Belle Étoile, in Paris Alan Menken (composer), Bill Codon (director) and the film’s stars Emma Watson, Dan Stevens, Josh Gad, Luke Evans & Alexis Loizon .
E' troppo lunga, ma ho paura di fare schifezze tentando di scorciarglieli... Penso che le farò due codone alte ^^;
Maximum-likelihood (ML) phylogenetic analyses of homing endonuclease (HE) sequences.A. Unrooted ML phylogeny inferred from the LAGLIDADG_2 alignment containing 183 amino acid positions. Thirty HEs belonging to LAGLIDADGE_2 superfamily were subjected to the ML and Bayesian methods. The HEs hosted in cob introns are shown in dark blue. The details of the homing positions of the HE-hosting cob introns (phase and codon) are given on the right side of the tree. Codon numbers are based on the Saccharomyces cerevisiae cob gene (GenBank accession number NC_001224). Only ML bootstrap values equal to or greater than 50% are shown. The resultant tree inferred from Bayesian analysis was essentially identical to that from the ML analysis (data not shown). The branches supported by Bayesian posterior probabilities (BPPs) equal to or greater than 0.95 were highlighted by thick lines. The GenBank accession numbers of the HE sequences used in this tree are given in brackets. B. Unrooted ML phylogeny inferred from the LAGLIDADG_1 alignment containing 191 amino acid positions. Twenty five HEs belonging to LAGLIDADGE_1 superfamily were subjected to the ML and Bayesian methods. The HEs hosted in cox1 introns are shown in dark red. The details of the homing positions of the HE-hosting cox1 introns (phase and codon) are given on the right side of the tree. Codon numbers are based on the S. cerevisiae cox1 gene (GenBank accession number NC_001224). We are unsure the precise position of the intron identified in the Flammulina velutipues cox1 gene, as only HE sequence has been deposited in the GenBank database (labeled with a question mark). Other details are same as described in A.
Bayesian phylogenetic inference of evolutionary relationship among Rep gene sequences from orange-bellied parrots.Maximum clade credibility tree automatically rooted by using relaxed molecular clock model in Beast v1.7.5. Labels at branch tips refer to GenBank accession number, and with country code, original sample ID, collection site and year of isolation in parentheses. Nodes with posterior probability of ?0.9 are indicated with asterisks and with a hash for P?0.6. Inferred nonsynonymous substitutions (blue colour) at codons are indicated at the appropriate lineages where the majority of genomes in a clade possess a particular substitution then the ancestral node has been labeled.
Pyrrolysine is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins in some methanogenic archaea and bacteria; it is not present in humans. Its chemical formula is C12H21N3O3.
Source: Licensed from stock.adobe.com/
Methionine (symbol Met or M) is an essential amino acid in humans. It is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. In nuclear genes of eukaryotes and in Archaea, methionine is coded for by the start codon, AUG. Thus, it is the first amino acid produced in a nascent polypeptide during mRNA translation. Methionine’s chemical formula is C5H11NO2S.
Credit: www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/
Livebox Wifi comme neuve, très peu utilisée avec chargeur et câbles+ décodeur TV ITAD 81-16 SD+ télécommande + cordon péritel + câble ethernet + carte permettant la réception des chaînes.
CONTENU:
1 livebox
1 décodeur tv pour livebox
1 télécommande
1 câble ethernet
1 codon péritel
1 cordon d'alimentation
1 cd installation
2 filtres ADSL
1 câble ADSL
1 convertisseur blanc (permet de raccorder un téléphone à livebox)
This image accompanies this news story written by GrrlScientist and published on the Guardian. [doi:10.1073/pnas.1315456110]
Figure 4. Ancestral state estimates for β13 and β83 in hummingbirds. Pie diagrams at the nodes indicate the probability of each genotype based on a stepwise, single-rate maximum-likelihood model with two reversible transitions, as indicated in the inset diagram. Terminal branches of the phylogenetic tree are color-coded according to the upper limit of the species’ elevational range, and internal branches are color-coded based on maximum-likelihood estimates of the ancestral states. The phylogenetically corrected association between β13-β83 genotype and native elevation was highly significant (see text for details). Parsimony analysis revealed a minimum of 17 changes in genotype across the tree (Fig. S5). β83Asn was observed in a single species, Doryfera ludoviciae, and was therefore binned with the β83Ser character state because side-chains of the two residues have the same polarity and the underlying codons are connected by a single mutational step. Similarly, β83Ala was observed in a single species, Phlogophilus harterti, and was binned with the β83Gly character state in this analysis. Branch lengths are proportional to relative time, except where indicated. Species names in bold are those that were included in the experimental analysis of Hb function.
Phylogenetic tree and schematic representation of select CYP sequences.(A) Genomic DNA sequences were aligned using ClustalW, and the phylogenetic tree was generated using the Neighbor-joining method. The unit bar represents relative evolutionary distance. The Arabidopsis CYP51 sequence was used as an outgroup. (B) Schematic illustration of CYP genes. Filled boxes represent exons, and thinner boxes at the 5? of 3? ends indicate untranslated sequences. The base ?A? at the translation start codon was set to 1. All of the compared CYPs, except AtCYP51, consist of 7?10 exons, characterizing BR biosynthetic genes belonging to the CYP85 clan.
Botanic Gardens, Sydney
In a bed with a number of other Araliaceous shrubs, new introductions planted about 20-25 years ago. This is somewhat different from the Tetrapanax grown for many years as a garden plant in Sydney (and often run wild, though not from seed). The leaf lobes are deeper and narrower and the leaf indumentum seems a little more felty. It's a more handsome plant.
But all my references say that this is a genus of a single species.
[note on spelling: the most recent version of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature has clarified some rules of grammatical gender. The rule that applies here is "Compounds ending in -botrys, -codon, -myces, -odon, -panax, -pogon, -stemon, and other masculine words, are masculine." The specific epithet should be in agreement, in this case papyrifer (masc.) as opposed to papyrifera (fem.)]
Evolutionary relationships of the 125 HIV-1 reverse transcriptase genes involved into cluster transmissions.
The evolutionary history was inferred using the neighbour-joining method [35]. The optimal tree with the sum of branch length = 1.69802916 is shown. The tree is drawn to scale, with branch length in the same units as those of the evolutionary distances used to infer the phylogenetic tree. The evolutionary distances were computed using the Maximum Composite Likelihood method [37] and are in the units of the number of base substitutions per site. Codon positions included were 1st+2nd+3rd+noncoding. All positions containing gaps and missing data were eliminated from the dataset. There were a total of 408 positions in the final dataset. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted in MEGA4 [38]. Viruses isolated in women (○), male infected through heterosexual intercourse (▪) and patients (all were men) infected through unknown intercourse (▾) were represented.
Program to scan and log genome sequences - Scanning and counting Hex Nucleotide distributions - ChrX
Selenocysteine, also known as the 21st amino acid, is unique among the proteinogenic amino acids. It is the only amino acid containing an essential dietary micronutrient (selenium) as a constitutive component. Its chemical formula is C3H7NO2Se.
Source: Licensed from stock.adobe.com/
Conférence de presse en présence d'Alan Menken (compositeur), Bill Codon (réalisateur) & les acteurs Emma Watson, Dan Stevens, Josh Gad, Luke Evans & Alexis Loizon .
N-Formyl methionine (symbol fMet) is a derivative of the amino acid methionine in which a formyl group has been added to the amino group. It is specifically used for initiation of protein synthesis from bacterial and organellar genes, and may be removed post-translationally. Its chemical formula is C6H11NO3S.
Credit: www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/
Phylogenetic tree using the actual or predicted DNA sequences of spliced interferon lambda genes or pseudogenes in human, mouse, dog and guinea pig.
Human and mouse gene loci are labeled as in Lasfar et. al. [18]. The labels for dog and guinea pig are not intended to be suggestions for permanent names. The “dog1” gene is the single exon gene from dog on chromosome 24, while “dog2” and “dog3” are multi exon genes located near each other on chromosome 1 (see Supplementary Figure S1 for gene sequences). The sequence for the more distant mouse pseudogene, named interferon lambda 4 in Lasfar et. al., was excluded because we were unable to find the locus. The optimal tree is drawn to scale, with bootstrap values shown at branch points and branch lengths in the same units as those of the evolutionary distances used to infer the phylogenetic tree (sum of branch length = 1.0194). All positions containing gaps and missing data were eliminated from the dataset, and the full codons were used. There were a total of 314 nucleotide positions in the final dataset, compared to the longest sequence of 622 nucleotides (the pseudogenes shortened the total number of columns which were available for alignment).
Outdoor wedding ceremony between two horses: Dixie Riley, the bride, second from left, and Donivan Codon, the groom, at right. Stacy Sterling, left, recites the marriage vows. Dixie's owner Meagan and Donivan's owner Aubrey are hidden behind the happy couple. Photograph by Gary Smoot, News Chronicle Collection, 03-10-1982_2A1.
We’re happy to share this digital image on Flickr. Please note that this is a copyrighted image. For information regarding obtaining a reproduction of this image, please contact the Special Collections Librarian of the Thousand Oaks Library at specoll@tolibrary.org.
Gene tree of L-type calcium channels illustrating the evolution of calmodulin binding, amino terminal (NSCaTE) and carboxyl terminal (Pre-IQ/IQ) motifs in L-type Cav1 channels.All animal phyla including single cell protozoans (such as Paramecium) and simple multicellular organisms (placozoans, sponge) have an IQ motif. A N-terminal NSCaTE (xWxxx(IorL)xxxx) motif evolved in common invertebrate ancestors (coelomates) and retained in all major phylogenetic groups. While the Pre-IQ and IQ motifs are featured in all L-type channels of metazoans, the NSCaTE motif is missing in some Arthropod species, including many insects, suggesting that NSCaTE is not an essential feature of L-type channels. NSCaTE was lost in Cav1.1 and Cav1.4 after the speciation of L-type channels to four gene isoforms in vertebrates. Almost every NSCaTE containing L-type channel has a downstream methionine (Met2) from the start codon (Met1) which could serve as an alternative translational start site for inclusion (Met1) or exclusion (Met2) of NSCaTE in L-type channels.
Serie fotografica sulla moto-scultura MAKO di GIORDANO LOI.
“Era un grossissimo pescecane Mako fatto per nuotare veloce come il pesce più veloce del mare ed era bello in ogni sua parte tranne nelle mascelle.., con l’alta pinna dorsale che fendeva l’acqua senza vibrazioni. Dentro il doppio labbro chiuso dalle mascelle, tutte le otto file di denti erano inclinate verso l’interno.., e avevano bordi taglienti affilati come rasoi su tutt’e due i lati. Questo era un pesce fatto per nutrirsi di tutti i pesci del mare tanto veloci e forti e ben armati da non conoscere altri nemici.” Ernest Hemingway “Il vecchio e il mare”, 1952 La MAKO è l’ultima opera del mio atelier e s’ispira all’eleganza ed aggressività degli squali. Lo squalo mako (Isurus oxyrinchus), splendido predatore già descritto nel 1952 da E. Hemingway in un toccante conflitto tra uomo e animale, risulta attualmente essere uno dei più veloci e potenti squali conosciuti.. Questo animale riesce a solcare i mari all’incredibile velocità di 70 km/h e fuoriuscire dall’acqua con balzi che lo sollevano completamente fino a 5 metri di altezza! Lo squalo Mako è uno squalo solitario, oceanico, il più veloce del mondo, potenzialmente pericolosissimo ma di cui non si registrano attacchi all’uomo vista la sua frequentazione solo pelagica. Un po’ come una moto potentissima che però gira solo in pista o su strade deserte dove non può nuocere a nessuno.. Per ogni opera che realizzo traggo ispirazione da un animale totemico che uso come guida per lo sviluppo dello stile e per l’evoluzione stessa delle forme, lo squalo è uno degli animali che meglio incarnano il concetto di velocità ed eleganza, sono antichissimi eppure hanno dei tratti immutati nel tempo, quasi come fossero formalmente perfetti sin dalla loro prima comparsa sulla terra. Questa nuova “muscolatura”, fatta di cartilagine e pelle abrasiva, riveste in maniera diversa e inattesa la base meccanica della Ducati 999. Su questa motocicletta ho già avuto modo di confrontarmi nel 2006, presentando come tesi di laurea in Scultura la Desmo ∞ (infinito) moto che è stata fonte di ispirazione per case motociclistiche blasonate. La base meccanica è sostanzialmente standard, ad esclusione dello scarico completo in acciaio inox e terminali omologati in fibra di carbonio, realizzato su mie specifiche dalla Mass di Antonio Saitta, la centralina rimappata per compensare la maggiore portata d’aria dei convogliatori dell’airbox muniti di filtri più permeabili della Ducati Performance. Tutte le sovrastrutture originali, ad eccezione del parafango anteriore, sono state eliminate per modellare direttamente sul telaio e meccanica le nuove carenature. La tecnica costruttiva scultorea prevede l’applicazione di piccoli quantitativi di argilla che vanno via via a delineare i volumi generali, con lame e mirette si definiscono le superfici, e con la tecnica dei punti si ricrea la parte speculare. La simmetria finale si perfeziona poi una volta che dai calchi in gesso a perdere si estrae il primo pezzo in vetroresina, attraverso levigatura e sovrapposizione di stucchi poliestere. A livello formale ho voluto modellare un cupolino estremamente contenuto nel volume caratterizzato come sulla Desmo Infinito da un aggetto laterale importante, in grado di canalizzare meglio l’aria in direzione delle prese d’aria dell’airbox, aperte come se fossero le fauci stesse dello squalo, il “muso” come nella famiglia dei Lamnidi è tipicamente spigoloso ed appuntito, atto a fendere meglio l’aria. La vista laterale è caratterizzata dalle corte carene che avvolgono la stretta meccanica, coprendo parte dell’antiestetico impianto elettrico situato sul lato destro e lasciando completamente a vista il blasonato telaio a traliccio della Ducati. Volevo che le carene fossero il più possibile aderenti, per massimizzare la resa aerodinamica e canalizzare meglio il flusso dell’aria ho modellato subito sotto i convogliatori dell’airbox due piccole appendici quasi fossero delle pinne pettorali stabilizzatrici. Il piccolo puntale inferiore ricalca la caratteristica forma del ventre dello squalo che va rastremandosi nella zona mediana con due appendici che incorniciano i carter motore. Il serbatoio dalla capacità di 17 litri ospita al suo interno la pompa della benzina originale, il suo andamento curvilineo garantisce al pilota un migliore posizionamento del baricentro, che rispetto al serbatoio originale risulta più avanzato. La superficie del serbatoio è estremamente cesellata e ricca di spunti scultorei che potrebbero fare “vivere” tale elemento anche in assenza di tutte le altre parti. L’andamento a “colpo di frusta” della linea inferiore del codone, viene raccordato al serbatoio con due piccole pinne, rimarcando la natura scultorea e aggressiva della motocicletta. La coda, con la sua diagonale, slancia la siluette caricando maggiormente la massa visiva anteriore. La Mako è ancora un prototipo, in futuro le carenature potranno essere replicate in serie limitata per chi desidera rendere unica la sua Ducati 999 e 789. Info: www.giordanoloi.com www.simoneloi.blogspot.it
Foto del diario
1 foto
Nothing like R for packing that data in.
Prototype graph for tissue specific codon usage.
Each candlestick is a tissue boxplot of RSCU for a bunch of different sample.
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Keyes’ Magician’s Garden finds the painter conjuring up a mini menagerie of mutants and manipulations; whether they’ve been born to kill (The Cerberus Project) or born to die (Waking), in all cases they’re rather unholy beasts, made by man and not by god. Genetic manipulation is the main avenue pursued in these four new paintings: note Minotaur’s reference to ATG, the start codon of DNA, here literally represented as building blocks to be toyed with...
Read the full story on our site here: www.warholian.com/2011/04/11/josh-keyes-magicians-garden/
Photos by Michael Cuffe
Story by Chris McCreary