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The Postcard
A postally unused Milton Artlette-Glazette Series postcard that was published by the Woolstone Bros. of London EC. The card, which has a divided back, was printed at their works in Germany.
Although the card was not posted, it bears a recipient's name and address:
To Dolly Bray,
Cliff Street,
Cheddar,
Som.
There was also a message:
"Dear Dolly,
Just another to add
to your collection.
How are you getting
on? Hoping you are
well.
Let us know when
you are coming up
to Bristol won't you.
Yours sincerely,
V. Warburton."
Teignmouth
Teignmouth is a seaside town and fishing port in the English county of Devon. It lies on the north bank of the estuary mouth of the River Teign, about 12 miles (19 km) south of Exeter. The town had a population of 15,000 at the 2021 census.
From the 1800's onwards, the town grew rapidly in size from a fishing port associated with the Newfoundland cod industry to a fashionable resort of some note in Georgian times; there was further expansion after the opening of the South Devon Railway in 1846. Today, its port still operates, and the town remains a popular seaside and day-trip holiday location.
-- History of Teignmouth
During the 17th. century, in common with other Channel ports, Teignmouth ships suffered from raids from Dunkirkers, who were privateers from Flemish ports. It is possible that smuggling was the town's most significant trade at this time, though cod fishing in Newfoundland was also of great importance.
In July 1690, after the French Admiral Anne Hilarion de Tourville defeated an Anglo-Dutch fleet at the Battle of Beachy Head, the French fleet was anchored in Torbay, and some of the galley fleet travelled the short distance up the coast and attacked Teignmouth. A petition to the Lord Lieutenant from the inhabitants described the incident:
'On the 26th. day of July 1690 by Foure of the
clocke in the morning, your poor petitioners
were invaded by the French to the number of
1,000 or thereabouts, who in the space of three
hours tyme, burnt down to the ground the
dwelling houses of 240 persons of our parish
and upwards, plundered and carried away all
our goods, defaced our churches, burnt ten of
our ships in the harbour, besides fishing boats,
netts and other fishing craft.'
After examining 'creditable persons', the Justices of the Peace concluded that:
'By the late horrid invasion there were within
the space of 12 houres burnt downe and
consumed 116 dwelling houses ... and also
172 dwelling houses were rifled and plundred
and two parish churches much ruined, plundred
and defaced, besides the burning of ten saile
of shipps with the furniture thereof, and the
goods and merchandise therein.'
As a result, the Crown issued a church brief that authorised the collection of £11,000 for the aid of the town. Churches from as far afield as Yorkshire contributed, and the collections enabled the further development of the port. This was the last invasion of England, and French Street, with its museum, is named in memory of the occasion.
In the 1600's and 1700's, there are records of a windmill on the Den – an area that was then a large sand dune and is now a grassy public open space near the seafront. By 1759, this windmill had been demolished.
The Newfoundland fisheries continued to provide the town's main employment into the early 19th. century (e.g. Job Brothers & Co.) With the men in Newfoundland for most of the year, the women did the local fishing and rowed the ferries across the estuary. Early tourists, such as Fanny Burney, referred to the women as the "Amazonians" of Shaldon and Teignmouth, and wrote of their strength, health and tendency to wear trousers or hitch their skirts up to their knees in order to fish.
As the fisheries declined, tourism increased. A tea house was built on the Den in 1787 amongst the local fishermen's drying nets. By 1803, Teignmouth was called a "fashionable watering place," and the resort continued to develop during the 19th. century. Its two churches were rebuilt soon after 1815, and the first bridge across the estuary to Shaldon was built in 1827.
George Templer's New Quay opened at the port; and the esplanade, Den Crescent and the central Assembly Rooms (later the cinema) were laid out. The population in the 1841 census was 4,459 inhabitants. The railway arrived in 1846, and the pier was built 1865–1867.
-- Teignmouth in the Great War and WWII
The Great War had a disruptive effect on Teignmouth; over 175 men from the town lost their lives. and many businesses did not survive. In the 1920's, as the economy started to recover, a golf course opened on Little Haldon; the Morgan Giles shipbuilding business was established, and charabancs took employees and their families for annual outings to Dartmoor and elsewhere. By the 1930's, the town was again thriving and, with the Haldon Aerodrome and School of Flying nearby, Teignmouth was advertised as the only south coast resort offering complete aviation facilities.
During the World War II, Teignmouth suffered badly from "tip and run" air raids. It was bombed 21 times between July 1940 and February 1944; 79 people were killed, 151 wounded, 228 houses were destroyed and over 2,000 damaged in the raids. Teignmouth's hospital was bombed during a raid on the 8th. May 1941, killing three nurses and seven patients. It was rebuilt and reopened in September 1954, making it the first complete general hospital in the country to be built after the formation of the National Health Service.
A US Navy plan was created, which proposed to dam the harbour and set up a seaplane base, but it was abandoned as the war turned in favour of the allies.
-- Teignmouth Port
The Old Quay was built in the mid-18th. century on land leased from Lord Clifford. The opening of the Stover Canal by James Templer in 1792 provided a boost to the port, due to the ease with which ball clay could be transported from the mines north of Newton Abbot. By 1820, this trade was supplemented by granite from the quarries near Haytor on Dartmoor, carried via the unique granite-tracked Haytor Granite Tramway which was linked to the Stover Canal. The granite to build the new London Bridge came via this route, and was sent from the New Quay, which had been built for this traffic in 1821–25 by George Templer, James's son.
The Old Quay was sold to George Hennet in 1850 and became the centre of his trading network. It had been connected to the South Devon Railway the previous year.
Teignmouth has a tradition of shipbuilding from the 17th. century. By the turn of the 19th. century, there were three shipyards in Teignmouth, with three in Shaldon and Ringmore on the opposite side of the estuary. The industry declined in the early 20th. century but, in 1921, Morgan Giles bought the last derelict shipbuilding yard and gave the industry a new stimulus. His shipyard became a major employer, building pleasure craft in peacetime and small craft such as torpedo boats during World War II. The business failed in 1968, not long after Donald Crowhurst's attempt to sail around the world.
The Shipwrecked Fishermen and Mariners' Royal Benevolent Society sent a lifeboat to Teignmouth in 1851, and kept it in a boathouse on the beach near the Custom House. In 1854, the society transferred its lifeboats to the Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI). A new boathouse was provided on The Den with doors facing the harbour which was used until 1940. After a gap of fifty years, on the 3rd. November 1990, the RNLI re-opened Teignmouth Lifeboat Station with an Atlantic 21 inshore lifeboat.
Teignmouth Lighthouse was erected in 1845 to guide ships into the harbour.
-- Shaldon Bridge
The original bridge was owned by the Teignmouth and Shaldon Bridge Company. The first stone was laid on the 20th. September 1824, and it opened on the 8th. June 1827. It had 34 wooden arches, and was 1,671 feet (509 m) long, which made it the longest wooden bridge in England when built. It had abutment walls of a considerable length at either end, and a swing bridge at the Teignmouth end to allow sailing ships to pass up the estuary. It cost around £19,000 to build, but the overall expenditure was about £26,000 (equivalent to £2,843,100 in 2023), due to the costs of the necessary Act of Parliament and the purchase of the old ferry-rights. Toll houses were built at each end of the bridge, and the one on the Teignmouth side survives.
After eleven years, on the 27th. June 1838, the centre arches of the bridge collapsed; the timbers had been eaten through by shipworms. It was rebuilt in wood and re-opened on the 13th. April 1840, but it partially collapsed again in 1893.
The bridge was completely rebuilt between 1928 and 1931, using steel for the piers and main girders, and concrete for most of the deck, except for the opening span which used timber. The overall length of the new bridge was 1,130 feet (340 m) carried on 22 spans, with an overall width of 28 feet 6 inches (8.69 m) providing a carriageway of 20 feet (6.1 m) and two footpaths 4 feet 3 inches (1.30 m) wide.
The new bridge allowed the lifting of the previous weight limit of 3 long tons (3,000 kg). A bascule span was provided in place of the previous opening span.
On the 28th. October 1948, Devon County Council bought the bridge from the Shaldon Bridge Company for £92,020 (equivalent to £4,230,000 in 2023), and tolls were abolished. The original paintwork was inadequate to deal with the environment, so repairs were required in 1960 and in 1980.
In 1998, it was discovered that the bridge had severe structural defects, and work to correct this continued until 2002; the bridge remaining open throughout. After this work was completed, residents nearby noticed that in certain wind conditions the bridge "whistles". As of 2007 the problem had not been solved.
-- The Atmospheric Railway
The line built by Isambard Kingdom Brunel runs along the South Devon Railway sea wall, which is a stone embankment between the sea and cliffs that runs for several miles between Teignmouth and Dawlish Warren. This line originally worked by the atmospheric system, with steam pump houses at regular intervals to create the vacuum. However it was not successful for a host of reasons, and was converted to normal steam locomotive working. Redundant sections of the atmospheric railway pipes were used as drains all over Teignmouth; one was set in the roadside in Woodway Lane, near Woodway House.
In December 1852, a large landslip from the cliffs east of the town caused the railway to close for four days; and, in 1855 and 1859, the sea broke through the line at Teignmouth. There have been many more closures since, caused both by landslips from the cliffs and breaches by the sea, especially in winter. In 1936, the Great Western Railway surveyed an inland deviation between Exminster and Bishopsteignton, with a shorter route starting near Dawlish Warren; however, the advent of World War II brought these projects to an end.
In 2010, the sea walls and adjoining estuaries were costing Network Rail around £500,000 per year to maintain.
-- The Estuary
The town is located on the north bank of the mouth of the estuary of the River Teign. The red sandstone headland on the Shaldon side, called The Ness, is the most recognisable symbol of the town from the seaward side.
In the harbour area was the Salty; a small flat island created through dredging operations but levelled, supposedly to improve natural scouring of the main channel for shipping, in recent years to leave a large tidal sand bank frequented by seabirds and cockle-collectors. Salmon nets are still employed by locals, especially near Shaldon Bridge.
The estuary seems disproportionately large for the size of the river flowing through it; this is especially apparent at low tide, because it is a drowned valley caused by a relative rise in sea level following the last Ice Age.
-- Notable Teignmouth Buildings
Den Crescent and its central Assembly Rooms, laid out in 1826 by Andrew Patey of Exeter, still survive relatively unchanged today. The Assembly Rooms were the hub of the town's social life in the 19th. century, and lavish balls took place in the 70 ft (21 m) long ballroom. In 1871, the building was taken over by the East Devon and Teignmouth Club which had an exclusive membership taken from the gentry and professional middle class.
Over the years, the building was used as a theatre, a dance hall, a conference centre and a billiards hall. In 1934 it was converted into the Riviera Cinema, in which guise it continued until 2000; part of the building has now been converted into flats. In 2016, the lease for the historic auditorium was taken over by the Mars Hill Church, with the intention of restoring it as both a cinema and a music and arts facility.
The town's parish church, dedicated to St. James, is unusual, being octagonal in shape. A story from Cornwall suggests why these churches are rounded, for the villagers of Veryan built several circular houses so that the Devil had no corners in which to lie in wait. The church of St. Michael the Archangel is in the east of the town. St. Scholastica's Abbey (now converted to flats), on the road to Dawlish, built in 1864 by Henry Woodyer is a notable Gothic Revival building, and the Roman Catholic Church, on the same road, is a late work by Joseph Hansom, the inventor of the hansom cab.
In 1894, there were 26 public houses in Teignmouth. Pubs today include the Blue Anchor Inn on Teign Street and the Devon Arms on Northumberland Place. The River Beach is home to a varied selection of seasonal and permanent beach huts, one of which (now removed to the town's museum) was a Georgian bathing machine, minus wheels. These huts have enjoyed the boom in popularity of such properties in recent years and now change hands for figures approaching £100,000.
Teignmouth and Shaldon museum was completed in 2011. It comprises an architecturally iconic extension of the existing 18th. century museum building, with a new roof terrace looking over the town, glass tower and community facility. Some of the exhibits include a restored bathing machine; artefacts from the Church Rock wreck, such as cannons; exhibits from the nearby Haldon aerodrome, plus film footage including The Beatles' visit to the town and the 2009 homecoming concerts by Muse.
The new build cost almost £1.1m; it was enabled by a major community fund-raising effort, in combination with Lottery and UK government funding and other sources. The Church Rock wreck was found when a Zuanne Alberghetti cannon was located on the site of a 16th. century wreck, followed by further discoveries.
The town's newest public building is the Pavilions Teignmouth, a community arts and enterprise centre on the Den, opened in April 2016.
-- Teignmouth Tourism
Although reduced from its heyday, Teignmouth still receives considerable numbers of holidaymakers, especially day-trippers. It is twinned with the French town Perros-Guirec.
The resort has a sea beach and Teignmouth Pier, with amusement arcade and rides. The beach wraps around the spit at the head of the river Teign, providing a river beach commonly known as the Back Beach on the estuary side; this overlooks the harbour with its moorings for many pleasure craft, and has views up the estuary to Dartmoor.
An 18-mile (29 km) long waymarked route, known as the Templer Way, has been created between Haytor on Dartmoor and Shaldon. It closely follows the route of George Templer's granite tramway, his father James's Stover Canal and finally the estuary to Teignmouth.
Teignmouth Carnival is held during the last week of July, with the procession on the last Thursday. Since 1999, the town has hosted a summer folk festival. In 2005, Fergus O'Byrne and Jim Payne from Newfoundland, were the headline artists at that year's festival which celebrated the town's links with that region.
Since 2018, Teignmouth has hosted the annual Teign Shanty Festival; it is a folk music festival with a focus on sea shanties, with over 40 groups performing in 2021.
The seafront benefits from Teignmouth Lido, a public open-air heated swimming pool. This is one of four outdoor pools operated by Teignbridge District Council. The others are at Buckfastleigh, Ashburton and Buckland.
Teignmouth is home to the River Teign Rowing club, the largest rowing club in the UK, with almost 400 members; it competes internationally in Cornish Pilot Gig rowing, locally racing Seine boats and nationally in Sea Skiffs and Sculls. Members have competed recently as far afield as Russia.
Teign Corinthian Yacht Club was founded in 1886; it organises racing and training for sailing dinghies, yachts and powerboats. It has two centres: a clubhouse on Teignmouth seafront built in 1995, and a dinghy park on the River Teign estuary at Coombe Cellars, with a new clubhouse being built there in 2020.
-- Notable People Associated With Teignmouth
Fanny Burney, the diarist and novelist, visited Teignmouth several times in the late 18th. century. She took her first dip in the sea here in 1773, as she recorded in her journal. Elias Parish Alvars, the harpist, was born in East Teignmouth in 1808. Three years later, Thomas Abel Brimage Spratt, vice-admiral, hydrographer and geologist, was born at Woodway House.
In spring 1818, the poet John Keats spent several weeks in Teignmouth, and completed his epic poem Endymion here. His arrival coincided with a period of wet weather, and he wrote to a friend of:
"... the abominable Devonshire Weather ... the truth is,
it is a splashy, rainy, misty, snowy, foggy, haily, floody,
muddy, slipshod county."
George O. May (born 1875), who made significant contributions to the field of accounting and rose to senior partner of Price Waterhouse's American firm in the early 20th. century, was born and raised in Teignmouth.
From 1812 until his death in 1833, Edward Pellew, 1st. Viscount Exmouth had his home at Bitton House, which was then called West Cliff House. Meanwhile, Thomas Luny, the painter of seascapes, lived in the town for thirty years until his death in 1837, and executed over 2,200 paintings while living here.
Shortly afterwards George Hennet, the railway engineer and contractor who was closely involved with Brunel's railway, moved to the town and took a close interest in local affairs. He died here in 1857.
Charles Babbage (1791–1871), the mathematician, philosopher, inventor and mechanical engineer, who originated the idea of a programmable computer, also lived here for some years, and was married in St. Michael's church in the town.
Sir John Smyth (1893–1983) was a recipient of the Victoria Cross and was made 1st. Baronet of Teignmouth in 1956.
The Belgium footballer Charles Vanden Wouwer was born in Teignmouth in 1916, while his parents were staying there as Great War refugees.
The Canadian Second World War pilot Roy Sydney Baker-Falkner settled in the Teignmouth area in 1930, his brother and sister studying in Teignmouth whilst he was a cadet at the Royal Naval College, Dartmouth. He went on to be one of the few naval pilots of the Battle of Britain.He was given the freedom of Teignmouth and Exeter after leading the audacious attack on the German battleship Tirpitz. He was lost in July 1944, and remembered on the Shaldon War Memorial and at the Teign Heritage – Teignmouth & Shaldon Museum.
During the Second World War, Clive Sinclair was evacuated to Teignmouth as a child and lived there for some years.
The businessman and musician Danny Thompson was born in the town in 1939, and the writer and environmentalist John Bainbridge (born 1953) spent his teens and early adulthood here, and was educated at West Lawn School.
The three members of rock band Muse (Matt Bellamy, Chris Wolstenholme and Dominic Howard) attended Teignmouth Community College in the early 1990's. They started the band in the town and based their song "Falling Down" on their teenage years living there. The band performed two homecoming concerts entitled A Seaside Rendezvous there in September 2009.
England rugby union and Exeter Chiefs player Sam Simmonds lives in Teignmouth, as does his brother and fellow first team player Joe Simmonds. Sam helped the Chiefs win the Aviva Premiership in 2017. He has currently scored two tries for England and has one Man of the Match award.
The triple jump world record holder, Jonathan Edwards, lived in Teignmouth in his early years. He went to school at the Inverteign Juniors site (now Mill Lane). His world record has stood since 1995.
Composer Laura Rossi grew up in Teignmouth and attended school in the town.
-- Teignmouth in the Media
.
Letitia Elizabeth Landon's poetical illustration A Legend of Teignmouth, in Fisher's Drawing Room Scrap Book of 1834, accompanies an engraving of a view of Teignmouth from the Ness by Thomas Allom.
The Norman Wisdom film, Press for Time, in which Norman becomes a reporter at the seaside town of Tinmouth, was shot largely on location in Teignmouth in 1966. A bus and bicycle chase shows many scenes of the town centre and sea front as it was at the time.
Singer-songwriter Patrick Wolf wrote a song called "Teignmouth" for his 2005 album Wind in the Wires, which focuses primarily on the view of the town and the River Teign when taking a train along the coastline.
A small plot of conifer woodland adjacent to Cod Beck Reservoir. Ps treatment was needed to create this effect. The trees lean outwards either side of the central trunk giving good symmetry, but they needed extra editing to make the end result effective.
11.16.07 : Fresh codfish with seasonal vegetables, shrimps and tofu : $11.95
Li Hua
171 Grand St
New York 10013
12 July 2017; A view of the Hong Kong skyline at Women In Tech Social Mixer at Townhouse event during RISE 2017, Hong Kong. Photo by Cody Glenn / RISE / Sportsfile
The cod hole is a very tiny isolated location on the GBR which is unique for having tame hand fed Potato Cod. Whilst this may seem unnatural it does foster an enhanced appreciation of marine life and the wonders of the GBR which far outweighs the down side. Cod are only fed fresh fish and are monitored for health!
cod hole ribbonreef10 GBR
7 November 2017; David Creuzot, CEO, Konbini, on the Growth Summit Stage during the opening day of Web Summit 2017 at Altice Arena in Lisbon. Photo by Cody Glenn/Web Summit via Sportsfile
160.00 pesos mx. + Gastos de Envió.
Pedidos Fabricante: funnk@msn.com
Tallas XS, S, M, L, XL.
100% Algodón
Guadalajara Jal, México.
Ragnar - Cape Cod (2015); ending at the Plymouth Monument, Provincetown, Cape Cod, Massachusetts. May 9, 2015.
Van 1 stops for breakfast waiting for the final runner from Van 2.
9 November 2017; Speakers, from left, Axel Bugge, Chief Correspondent, Reuters, Window Snyder,
CSO, Fastly, and Chris Wysopal, Co-Founder, Veracode, on the FullSTK Stage during day three of Web Summit 2017 at Altice Arena in Lisbon. Photo by Cody Glenn/Web Summit via Sportsfile
7 November 2017; Alpha booths during the opening day of Web Summit 2017 at Altice Arena in Lisbon. Photo by Cody Glenn/Web Summit via Sportsfile
Potato Rockcod at Cod Hole in the Ribbon Reefs, Great Barrier Reef, Australia. These fish grow to 2 meters and at this particular site are used to being around people.
13 July 2017; Signage during day three of RISE 2017 in Hong Kong. Photo by Cody Glenn / RISE / Sportsfile
12 July 2017; A general view of attendees during day two of RISE 2017 in Hong Kong. Photo by Cody Glenn / RISE / Sportsfile
A close up shot of Bacalhau, salted dried cod, a traditional dish to eat around Christmas and New Year's. This is of course mixed in with various other ingredients, including the obvious olives and boiled eggs.
An estimated 1,200 registrants and nearly 3,000 guests gathered at College of DuPage’s Glen Ellyn campus to sample food from local vendors and raise funds for COD student scholarships at the 2018 Food Truck Rally and Sunset 5K.
This Sears Cape Cod was built in 1940