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Echium pininana is a stunning biennial plant from the Canary Islands. In its first year it forms a low rosette of silver, hairy, spear-like leaves, and then in the second year it sends up a huge spike loaded with small blue flowers. It makes a dramatic statement in a sunny, sheltered garden, and is extremely attractive to bees.
After flowering, Echium pininana scatters seed and dies. It self-seeds readily in mild, sheltered parts of the UK, but seed is unlikely to germinate in cooler regions. It has been given the Award of Garden Merit (AGM) by the Royal Horticultural Society.
ECHIUM. Viper's-buglosses. [Boraginaceae]
Nine species of Echium are recorded in Britain. These include the native Purple Viper's-bugloss (E. plantagineum) and Viper's-bugloss (E. vulgare).
Five British miners are recorded on Echium.
A key to the European miners recorded on Echium is provided in Bladmineerders van Europa.
Viper's-bugloss - Echium vulgare. Image: © Brian Pitkin
Viper's-bugloss
Echium vulgare
Key for the identification of the known mines of British
Diptera recorded on Echium
Note: Diptera larvae may live in a corridor mine, a corridor-blotch mine, or a blotch mine, but never in a case, a rolled or folded leaf, a tentiform mine or sandwiched between two more or less circular leaf sections in later instars. Pupation never in a cocoon. All mining Diptera larvae are leg-less maggots without a head capsule (see examples). They never have thoracic or abdominal legs. They do not have chewing mouthparts, although they do have a characteristic cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton (see examples), usually visible internally through the body wall. The larvae lie on their sides within the mine and use their pick-like mouthparts to feed on plant tissue. In some corridor miners frass may lie in two rows on alternate sides of the mine. In order to vacate the mine the fully grown larva cuts an exit slit, which is usually semi-circular (see Liriomyza huidobrensis video). The pupa is formed within the hardened last larval skin or puparium and as a result sheaths enclosing head appendages, wings and legs are not visible externally (see examples).
See Key to non-Diptera.
1a >Leaf-miner: A narrow linear leaf-mine, which developes into a large blotch. Several larvae frequently feed together and the resulting mine can entirely fill the leaf (Spencer, 1976: 89).
The mine begins with a narrow, parallel sided corridor af 1-8 cm in length, with a nice double frass line. After the first moult the corridor is succeeded, and mostly overrun, by a large, primary, brown blotch. Frass in the initial corridor in short thread fragments, in the blotch in angular granules and thread fragments that often are branching (the frass is unusally sticky). Primary and secondary feeding lines conspicuous. The final mine often is very large and generally contains several larvae, because normally several mines develop on a leaf, and coalesce into one big blotch. Before pupation the larvae leave the mine through a semicircular exit slit that mostly, but not invariably, is in the upper epidermis.
The initial narrow gallery contains frass in a double line. It then expands to form a blotch mine. Several larvae may occupy a leaf to form a large blotch .
On numerous genera of Boraginaceae, including Anchusa, Borago, Cynoglossum, Echium and Pulmonaria in Britain and elsewhere. Widespread in Britain. Also recorded in the Republic of Ireland. Common and widespread throughout most of Europe.
A section of the interior of James Turrell's 'Within without' installation at the Australian National Gallery. I like the the very dynamic angles and forms, as well as the strong colours and textures obtained here. Canberra 2011
I stepped outside tonight for some fresh air and maybe look around some of the street lights for some bugs. There was nothing at the street lights so I headed back to the door. On the porch, I found my cat sprawled out on her side batting something against the wall. Sure enough.......this is what it was!
It is awesome to see this thing fly! (:-D
Just a huge brown moth that landed on the wall on my front porch. It's known as the white-lined Sphinx moth, hummingbird moth or Hyles lineata if you're into the whole binary nomenclature thing. Thanks to WinterWalleye for the correct info!
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