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The British Land Rover, is one of the most influential and much-loved British vehicles of all time, and was launched in 1948 and remained in production with much the same basic specification until 1983 when the Series III 109 inch was replaced by a new One-Ten model (110 inch wheelbase). The traditional Land Rover body shape remained but coil springs, introduced in the new Range Rover, replaced the long-lived leaf spring suspension, and the four cylinder engines were fitted with an all-synchromesh five speed gearbox. In 1984 the coil spring Ninety (with a wheelbase just short of 93 inches) fitted with a four cylinder engine was introduced. A V8-powered version appeared the following year and in 1986 a new 85bhp, 2,495cc turbo-diesel engine became available, then in 1990 the Ninety and One-Ten range was renamed Defender 90, 110 and 130. Not surprisingly the new Land Rovers proved popular for Military use and the UK Ministry of Defence.
Land Rover has a range of specialised Defence Vehicles including the Defender FFR (Fitted for Radio) model, a platform to provide modern Defence Forces with a flexible and highly-mobile range of Command, Control, Communications, Computers and Intelligence (C4i) roles. The vehicle combines an upgraded dual-voltage power supply and full electrical suppression with the acclaimed all-terrain performance of the Land Rover Defender. It is capable of transporting sensitive electronic equipment safely through challenging conditions in support of C4i operations, and is also effective as a carrier of electronic surveillance and electronic counter-measures technology.
To support the power demands of the latest electronic equipment, the new Defender FFR features a new electrical architecture with a dual 12v / 24v power supply, replacing the 24v system of the previous model. The total output is raised from 100 amps to 280 amps, enabling a significant increase in the amount of C4i equipment that can be operated. Two high-output 12v glass mat, air-transportable military specification batteries are fitted, giving improved engine cranking at lower temperatures. The batteries are now stowed under the rear floor, releasing extra space in rear body for equipment. All of the Defender FFR’s electrical systems are fully suppressed in accordance with the most stringent test standards (including Def Stan 59-411 Class A and Mil Std 461F) enabling C4i equipment to be installed without further suppression work.
The operational performance of the Defender FFR is further enhanced by the standardisation of a heavy duty 3.4 ton chassis, providing improved payload capability, and the fitment of a new 120.6 hp 2.4-litre diesel engine which offers over 35% more torque than the previous model. Additional improvements include a more spacious and efficient driving environment with a new ergonomic dashboard design, and a foldable forward-facing radio operator’s seat with integral headrest and 3-point safety belt for improved comfort and safety.
Information credited to -
www.classicdriver.com/en/car/land-rover/defender/1987/691401
www.army-technology.com/contractors/vehicles/land-rover/p...
The small crossover utility market continues to be a hot topic as sales increase from active lifestyle consumers seeking solutions that appease their utilitarian needs. With character traits based on athletic styling, inventive utility, fuel efficiency and both advanced connectivity and telematics automakers have set the bar high with vehicles such as the all-new Hyundai Kona. It drives smarter, works swankier and plays harder.
The small crossover utility market continues to be a hot topic as sales increase from active lifestyle consumers seeking solutions that appease their utilitarian needs. With character traits based on athletic styling, inventive utility, fuel efficiency and both advanced connectivity and telematics automakers have set the bar high with vehicles such as the all-new Hyundai Kona. It drives smarter, works swankier and plays harder.
The British produced Albion CX22S was a Heavy Artillery 6x4 Tractor used during World War Two, it was designed and built by Albion Motors in late 1943 to supplement the Scammell Pioneer Heavy Artillery Tractor, which was not available in sufficient numbers. In service the CX22S was used by the British Army to tow the 155mm Long Tom and the BL 7.2 inch Howitzer.
The CX22S was based on Albion's CX23N 10-ton truck, a wheeled 6x4 truck, powered by a 100bhp six-cylinder inline diesel engine, through a four-speed gearbox and two-speed auxiliary gearbox. The cab of the CX22S had bench seating for two or three Crew whilst the rear body had bench seating for four and folding seats for two more along with stowage for tools, equipment and ammunition. The CX22S was fitted with an 8 ton Scammell vertical-spindle winch under the rear body to assist with moving a gun. There were 532 units built by Albion between November 1943 and June 1945.
▪︎Type: Heavy Artillery Tractor
▪︎Place of Origin: United Kingdom
▪︎In Service: 1943 to 1945
▪︎Used By: British Army
▪︎Conflicts: World War Two
▪︎Designer: Albion Motors
▪︎Designed: 1943
▪︎Manufacturer: Albion Motors
▪︎Produced: November 1943 to June 1945
▪︎Number Built: 532
▪︎Mass: 10.62 tons / Length: 25ft 6in / Width: 8ft 9in / Height: 10ft 4in
▪︎Powerplant: Six-cylinder inline Albion EN244 diesel, 100bhp at 1,750rpm
▪︎Payload Capacity: 5.21 tons
▪︎Drive: 6x4
▪︎Transmission: 4F1Rx2
▪︎Suspension: Live axles on semi-elliptical multi leaf springs
▪︎Maximum Speed: 28mph.
Taken from Wikipedia en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albion_CX22S
Morris C8 GS Utility Vehicle
832 EPC
Year - 1944.
Participant of Weymouth's Veterans Parade.
Lodmoor, Weymouth.
Pre-57th Presidential Inauguration 2013: Chinatown / Penn Quarter on 7th between E and F Street, NW, Washington DC on Sunday afternoon, 20 January 2013 by Elvert Barnes Photography
John Deere 825i Gator Utility Vehicle
www.deere.com/wps/dcom/en_US/products/equipment/gator_uti...
SETTING UP for 57th PRESIDENTIAL INAUGURATION 2013 PARADE
1944 – Ex Texas Rangers vehicle, left to a wood merchant in Mâcot-la-Plagne.
(1941-1945) WILLYS MB
One of the first mass-produced military vehicles in the United States, the Willys MB (and Ford GPW) U.S Army Jeep is the culmination of war-time ingenuity, standardization and strategic personalization for transport of personnel and cargo. Soon to become the ubiquitous, ''world-famous'' Jeep, the Willys MB and Ford GPW models were very effective on the ground, with many standardized features such as 6.00x16 tyres, 60 honest horsepower at 4,000rpm, a gasoline can bracket on the left rear, provisions for trailer lights, spark interference suppression, a blackout light system, twin top bows and sealed spring shackles.
Prior to the production of the MB/GPW, other attempts were made to satisfy the Army's need for a Light Utility Vehicle including the first prototype presented by the American Bantam Car Company. Nicknamed the ''Blitz Buggy'' this vehicle concept which was the first bid accepted by the Army, as it satisfied the Army’s Ordnance Technical Committee specifications that the vehicle has:
▪︎Four-wheel drive.
▪︎Crew of three.
▪︎A wheelbase of no more than 75in and tracks no more than 47in.
▪︎A fold-down windshield.
▪︎A 660lb payload.
▪︎An engine capable of 85 ft lb of torque.
▪︎With an empty weight of no more than 1,300lbs. (590 kg).
While the ''Blitz Buggy'' did satisfy these requirements, Bantam was not able to deliver with the fiscal strength or production capability needed to win the contract with the War Department. As as result, Ford and Willys were asked to product their own pilot models for testing, the results of which would determine the contract. The original pilot models were submitted and named accordingly. The Willys Quad by Willys Overland, the Ford Pygmy by Ford and the BRC 60 by Bantam were accepted and orders were given for 1,500 units per company, with a revised weight limit of 2,160Ib. During these pre-production runs, each vehicle was re-named. The Willys Quad became the “MA”, the Ford Pygmy became the “GP”, and the “BRC 60” became the “BRC 40”. By July of 1941, the War Department, needing standardization, selected Willys-Overland to fulfill its contract, on account of the MA’s powerful engine, silhouette, low bid ($748.74/unit), and because of the company’s ability to fulfill production needs, ordering another 16,000 vehicles.
Absorbing some of the design features of the Bantam and Ford entries, the Willys “MA” was then renamed the Willys “MB”, and featured the powerful “Go Devil” engine and a welded flat iron “slat” radiator grille (which was later replaced by a stamped grille in March of 1942). By October 1941, due to an increased demand for production, Ford was contracted to assist Willys-Overland and changed their model’s name from “GP to “GPW”, with the "W" referring to the "Willys" licensed design. During World War Two, Ford produced some 280,000 of these vehicles.
The MA and early MB's had the “Willys” name stamped into the left rear panel; however, in the spring of 1942, the War Dept. decided not to feature the logo and removed them. Early MB's had a wiper for each side of the windshield, which were hand operated in contrast to later configurations. The windshields also varied slightly. The first 3,500 produced used an MA-type frame, which had a shorter distance between the cowl and the glass frames (4in) The later models had a 6in measurement, and were noticeably taller. In the earlier model MB's, the gas tank still had rectangular lower corners, as opposed to later versions.
While earlier black-out lamps for the MB were used as aids to see other vehicles in the convoy, later MB's feature a large blackout headlamp mounted on the left front fender that was used to help the driver see where he was going. The headlamps on all World War Two Willys MB and Ford GPW Jeeps hinged up so they could illuminate the engine compartment in dark times. In 1942 the MB Jeeps got combat wheels, replacing the original stamped and welded version. Combat wheels were heavier and bolted together to facilitate field repair, and also had the ability to transport the vehicle for a distance with deflated tires. All jeeps had brackets for their pioneer tools mounted on the left side below the entryway.
Rounded rear corners were found on the bodies of all the production Jeeps, both Willys MB and Ford GPW models. All models also featured larger bumperettes, exterior handles for manual extrication from sticky terrain, and two top bows to raise the height of the canvas and keep it from pounding the heads of the front seat occupants. The instrument panels began to look more militarized on the MB and GPW. Instruments were separate (oil pressure, fuel level, ammeter, water temperature, speedometer) had black faces, and were externally illuminated. The in-out lever for the front differential, and the transfer case lever, were on the right side of the transmission lever, as those components had migrated from the left side on the Bantams to the right side on the production models.
Sourced from www.kaiserwillys.com/about_willys_jeep_mb_history_specs
Pre-57th Presidential Inauguration 2013: Penn Quarter on Indiana Avenue at 6th Street, NW, Washington DC on Sunday afternoon, 20 January 2013 by Elvert Barnes Photography
SETTING UP for 57th PRESIDENTIAL INAUGURATION 2013 PARADE
Visit Elvert Barnes 57th PRESIDENTIAL INAUGURATION 2013 docu-project at elvertbarnes.com/2013Inauguration.html
A John Deere Gator HPX drives down the sidewalk at the Smithsonian Air and Space Museum during Blizzard 2016 on January 23, 2016 in Washington DC.
Morris Commercial Limited was a British manufacturer of commercial vehicles formed by William Morris, founder of Morris Motors Limited. The Morris Commercial R-Type was built between 1928 to 1933, with 17,745 units being produced, it was introduced in 1930 as a standard 15 cwt Light Truck, and many of them were bought by the British Army during World War Two to be used as a 15 cwt 4x2 General Service Truck.
Initially the 25 cwt ''Super Lorry'' was powered by a Morris 15.9hp Z type petrol engine, one year into production and known as the ''Middleweight Champion'' it received an upgrade to a 4-speed gearbox and was rated with a 30 cwt capacity. The wheelbase was increased to 11ft 2in between 1931 and 1933, and a change of engines came along, first to 17.9hp, and then to a 19.2hp version of the Z engine. Front brakes now came as a standard fitting. These lorries had the familiar cast aluminium radiator surrounds. An 'economy' version of the 2 ton was introduced at this time, known as the R.11/40 (11ft 2in wheelbase) or the R.13/40 (13ft wheelbase). The 'Economy' had the cast radiator replaced with a painted pressed metal version, all R-Types ended in 1933.
▪︎Place of Origin: United Kingdom
▪︎Used By: British Army
▪︎Conflicts: World War Two
▪︎Designer: Morris Commercial Cars
▪︎Manufacturer: Morris Commercial Cars
▪︎Produced: 1928 to 1933
▪︎Number Built: 17,745
▪︎Powerplant: Morris 15.9hp / 17.9hp / 19.2 Z type petrol engine
▪︎Weight: / Length: 13ft 9in / Width: 5ft 10in / Height: 7ft 8in
▪︎Payload: 25 cwt / 30 cwt
▪︎Drive: 4x2.
Taken from Wikipedia en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morris_Commercial_Cars
1941-1945 WILLYS MB / FORD GPW –
The U.S. Army requested a vehicle, and drove off in a ''Hero'' the Willys MB, its spirit forged by the fire of combat and honed in the heat of battle, seared its way into the hearts of warriors fighting for freedom. Fierce emotional bonds often developed between a soldier and his ''Jeep'' 4x4. The faithful little MB earned a place in every GI's heart, in every area of combat, in every conceivable role.
The tough, simple Jeep 4x4 became the GI's best friend, second only to his rifle. One Jeep MB was even awarded a Purple Heart and sent home. General George C. Marshall, U.S Army Chief of Staff during World War Two, and later U.S. Secretary of State, described the Jeep 4x4 as ''America's greatest contribution to modern warfare'' Scripps Howard World War Two reporter Ernie Pyle once said, ''It did everything. It went everywhere. Was a faithful as a dog, as strong as a mule, and as agile as a goat. It constantly carried twice what it was designed for and still kept going''.
The Willys MB started a revolution in the use of Small Military Motor Vehicles in the U.S. Army, horses along with motorcycles, solo and side car, were rendered obsolete almost immediately. The all-purpose Willys MB was amazingly versatile, they could be fitted with .30 or .50 caliber machine guns for combat and were also widely modified for long-range desert patrol, snow plowing, telephone cable laying, saw milling, as fire-fighting pumpers, field ambulances, tractors and, with suitable wheels, would even run on railway tracks.
Willys MB's could be loaded into transport aircraft for rapid deployment and were also small enough to fit into the large gliders used in the D-Day Invasion of Europe, over the course of the war, customised field kits were developed for winter and desert conditions, deep-water fording and other combat needs. Although the Willys MB was not the first four-wheel-drive vehicle, the Go Anywhere, Do Anything vehicle, but it did influenced every 4x4 built in its wake. The New York Museum of Modern Art includes a Military Jeep Brand 4x4 in its display of eight automobiles and regarded it as “one of the very few genuine expressions of machine art.”
Willys MB / Ford GPW –
▪︎Type – 1⁄4 ton 4x4 Utility Truck
▪︎Place of origin – United States
▪︎In service – 1941 until varying per country
▪︎Used by – USA and its allies of World War Two
▪︎Wars – World War Two, Korean War, Various post 1945 conflicts
▪︎Designer – Karl Probst, Delmar G. Roos
▪︎Designed – 1940 through early 1942
▪︎Manufacturer – Willys-Overland (MB) / Ford (GPW)
▪︎Produced – 1941 to 1945
▪︎Number built – World War Two total = 647,925 including pre-production units – Willys MB: 359,489 / Ford GPW: 277,896
▪︎Variants – Ford GPA ''Seep'' 12,778
▪︎Specifications – (MB and GPW same)
▪︎Mass – 2,453lb, curb weight (with engine fluids and full fuel) 2,337lb dry weight
▪︎Length – 132 1⁄4 inch
▪︎Width – 62 inch
▪︎Height overall with top up – 69 3⁄4 inch reducible to 52 inch
▪︎Crew – 3 to 4
▪︎Main armament – designed to mount .30 or .50 caliber machine guns swiveling on post between front seatbacks
▪︎Secondary armament – towing 37mm anti-tank gun
▪︎Engine – 2.2 litre Inline 4 Willys L134 ''Go Devil'' 60hp
▪︎Power/weight – 54.0hp/ton
▪︎Payload capacity – 1,200lb on-road, 800lb cross-country
▪︎Transmission – 3 speed x 2 range transfer case
▪︎Suspension – live axles on leaf springs front and rear
▪︎Ground clearance – 8 3⁄4 inch
▪︎Fuel capacity – 12.5 imperial gallons
▪︎Operational range – 300 miles
▪︎Maximum speed – 65mph.
Information sourced from – en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willys_MB
1944 – Ex Texas Rangers vehicle, left to a wood merchant in Mâcot-la-Plagne.
(1941-1945) WILLYS MB
One of the first mass-produced military vehicles in the United States, the Willys MB (and Ford GPW) U.S Army Jeep is the culmination of war-time ingenuity, standardization and strategic personalization for transport of personnel and cargo. Soon to become the ubiquitous, ''world-famous'' Jeep, the Willys MB and Ford GPW models were very effective on the ground, with many standardized features such as 6.00x16 tyres, 60 honest horsepower at 4,000rpm, a gasoline can bracket on the left rear, provisions for trailer lights, spark interference suppression, a blackout light system, twin top bows and sealed spring shackles.
Prior to the production of the MB/GPW, other attempts were made to satisfy the Army's need for a Light Utility Vehicle including the first prototype presented by the American Bantam Car Company. Nicknamed the ''Blitz Buggy'' this vehicle concept which was the first bid accepted by the Army, as it satisfied the Army’s Ordnance Technical Committee specifications that the vehicle has:
▪︎Four-wheel drive.
▪︎Crew of three.
▪︎A wheelbase of no more than 75in and tracks no more than 47in.
▪︎A fold-down windshield.
▪︎A 660lb payload.
▪︎An engine capable of 85 ft lb of torque.
▪︎With an empty weight of no more than 1,300lbs. (590 kg).
While the ''Blitz Buggy'' did satisfy these requirements, Bantam was not able to deliver with the fiscal strength or production capability needed to win the contract with the War Department. As as result, Ford and Willys were asked to product their own pilot models for testing, the results of which would determine the contract. The original pilot models were submitted and named accordingly. The Willys Quad by Willys Overland, the Ford Pygmy by Ford and the BRC 60 by Bantam were accepted and orders were given for 1,500 units per company, with a revised weight limit of 2,160Ib. During these pre-production runs, each vehicle was re-named. The Willys Quad became the “MA”, the Ford Pygmy became the “GP”, and the “BRC 60” became the “BRC 40”. By July of 1941, the War Department, needing standardization, selected Willys-Overland to fulfill its contract, on account of the MA’s powerful engine, silhouette, low bid ($748.74/unit), and because of the company’s ability to fulfill production needs, ordering another 16,000 vehicles.
Absorbing some of the design features of the Bantam and Ford entries, the Willys “MA” was then renamed the Willys “MB”, and featured the powerful “Go Devil” engine and a welded flat iron “slat” radiator grille (which was later replaced by a stamped grille in March of 1942). By October 1941, due to an increased demand for production, Ford was contracted to assist Willys-Overland and changed their model’s name from “GP to “GPW”, with the "W" referring to the "Willys" licensed design. During World War Two, Ford produced some 280,000 of these vehicles.
The MA and early MB's had the “Willys” name stamped into the left rear panel; however, in the spring of 1942, the War Dept. decided not to feature the logo and removed them. Early MB's had a wiper for each side of the windshield, which were hand operated in contrast to later configurations. The windshields also varied slightly. The first 3,500 produced used an MA-type frame, which had a shorter distance between the cowl and the glass frames (4in) The later models had a 6in measurement, and were noticeably taller. In the earlier model MB's, the gas tank still had rectangular lower corners, as opposed to later versions.
While earlier black-out lamps for the MB were used as aids to see other vehicles in the convoy, later MB's feature a large blackout headlamp mounted on the left front fender that was used to help the driver see where he was going. The headlamps on all World War Two Willys MB and Ford GPW Jeeps hinged up so they could illuminate the engine compartment in dark times. In 1942 the MB Jeeps got combat wheels, replacing the original stamped and welded version. Combat wheels were heavier and bolted together to facilitate field repair, and also had the ability to transport the vehicle for a distance with deflated tires. All jeeps had brackets for their pioneer tools mounted on the left side below the entryway.
Rounded rear corners were found on the bodies of all the production Jeeps, both Willys MB and Ford GPW models. All models also featured larger bumperettes, exterior handles for manual extrication from sticky terrain, and two top bows to raise the height of the canvas and keep it from pounding the heads of the front seat occupants. The instrument panels began to look more militarized on the MB and GPW. Instruments were separate (oil pressure, fuel level, ammeter, water temperature, speedometer) had black faces, and were externally illuminated. The in-out lever for the front differential, and the transfer case lever, were on the right side of the transmission lever, as those components had migrated from the left side on the Bantams to the right side on the production models.
Sourced from www.kaiserwillys.com/about_willys_jeep_mb_history_specs
(1941-1945) WILLYS MB –
One of the first mass-produced military vehicles in the United States, the Willys MB (and Ford GPW) U.S Army Jeep is the culmination of war-time ingenuity, standardization and strategic personalization for transport of personnel and cargo. Soon to become the ubiquitous, ''world-famous'' Jeep, the Willys MB and Ford GPW models were very effective on the ground, with many standardized features such as 6.00x16 tyres, 60 honest horsepower at 4,000rpm, a gasoline can bracket on the left rear, provisions for trailer lights, spark interference suppression, a blackout light system, twin top bows and sealed spring shackles.
Prior to the production of the MB/GPW, other attempts were made to satisfy the Army's need for a Light Utility Vehicle including the first prototype presented by the American Bantam Car Company. Nicknamed the ''Blitz Buggy'' this vehicle concept which was the first bid accepted by the Army, as it satisfied the Army’s Ordnance Technical Committee specifications that the vehicle has:
▪︎Four-wheel drive.
▪︎Crew of three.
▪︎A wheelbase of no more than 75in and tracks no more than 47in.
▪︎A fold-down windshield.
▪︎A 660lb payload.
▪︎An engine capable of 85 ft lb of torque.
▪︎With an empty weight of no more than 1,300lbs. (590 kg).
While the ''Blitz Buggy'' did satisfy these requirements, Bantam was not able to deliver with the fiscal strength or production capability needed to win the contract with the War Department. As as result, Ford and Willys were asked to product their own pilot models for testing, the results of which would determine the contract. The original pilot models were submitted and named accordingly. The Willys Quad by Willys Overland, the Ford Pygmy by Ford and the BRC 60 by Bantam were accepted and orders were given for 1,500 units per company, with a revised weight limit of 2,160Ib. During these pre-production runs, each vehicle was re-named. The Willys Quad became the “MA”, the Ford Pygmy became the “GP”, and the “BRC 60” became the “BRC 40”. By July of 1941, the War Department, needing standardization, selected Willys-Overland to fulfill its contract, on account of the MA’s powerful engine, silhouette, low bid ($748.74/unit), and because of the company’s ability to fulfill production needs, ordering another 16,000 vehicles.
Absorbing some of the design features of the Bantam and Ford entries, the Willys “MA” was then renamed the Willys “MB”, and featured the powerful “Go Devil” engine and a welded flat iron “slat” radiator grille (which was later replaced by a stamped grille in March of 1942). By October 1941, due to an increased demand for production, Ford was contracted to assist Willys-Overland and changed their model’s name from “GP to “GPW”, with the "W" referring to the "Willys" licensed design. During World War Two, Ford produced some 280,000 of these vehicles.
The MA and early MB's had the “Willys” name stamped into the left rear panel; however, in the spring of 1942, the War Dept. decided not to feature the logo and removed them. Early MB's had a wiper for each side of the windshield, which were hand operated in contrast to later configurations. The windshields also varied slightly. The first 3,500 produced used an MA-type frame, which had a shorter distance between the cowl and the glass frames (4in) The later models had a 6in measurement, and were noticeably taller. In the earlier model MB's, the gas tank still had rectangular lower corners, as opposed to later versions.
While earlier black-out lamps for the MB were used as aids to see other vehicles in the convoy, later MB's feature a large blackout headlamp mounted on the left front fender that was used to help the driver see where he was going. The headlamps on all World War Two Willys MB and Ford GPW Jeeps hinged up so they could illuminate the engine compartment in dark times. In 1942 the MB Jeeps got combat wheels, replacing the original stamped and welded version. Combat wheels were heavier and bolted together to facilitate field repair, and also had the ability to transport the vehicle for a distance with deflated tires. All jeeps had brackets for their pioneer tools mounted on the left side below the entryway.
Rounded rear corners were found on the bodies of all the production Jeeps, both Willys MB and Ford GPW models. All models also featured larger bumperettes, exterior handles for manual extrication from sticky terrain, and two top bows to raise the height of the canvas and keep it from pounding the heads of the front seat occupants. The instrument panels began to look more militarized on the MB and GPW. Instruments were separate (oil pressure, fuel level, ammeter, water temperature, speedometer) had black faces, and were externally illuminated. The in-out lever for the front differential, and the transfer case lever, were on the right side of the transmission lever, as those components had migrated from the left side on the Bantams to the right side on the production models.
Information sourced from – www.kaiserwillys.com/about_willys_jeep_mb_history_specs
(1941-1945) WILLYS MB –
One of the first mass-produced military vehicles in the United States, the Willys MB (and Ford GPW) U.S Army Jeep is the culmination of war-time ingenuity, standardization and strategic personalization for transport of personnel and cargo. Soon to become the ubiquitous, ''world-famous'' Jeep, the Willys MB and Ford GPW models were very effective on the ground, with many standardized features such as 6.00x16 tyres, 60 honest horsepower at 4,000rpm, a gasoline can bracket on the left rear, provisions for trailer lights, spark interference suppression, a blackout light system, twin top bows and sealed spring shackles.
Prior to the production of the MB/GPW, other attempts were made to satisfy the Army's need for a Light Utility Vehicle including the first prototype presented by the American Bantam Car Company. Nicknamed the ''Blitz Buggy'' this vehicle concept which was the first bid accepted by the Army, as it satisfied the Army’s Ordnance Technical Committee specifications that the vehicle has:
▪︎Four-wheel drive.
▪︎Crew of three.
▪︎A wheelbase of no more than 75in and tracks no more than 47in.
▪︎A fold-down windshield.
▪︎A 660lb payload.
▪︎An engine capable of 85 ft lb of torque.
▪︎With an empty weight of no more than 1,300lbs. (590 kg).
While the ''Blitz Buggy'' did satisfy these requirements, Bantam was not able to deliver with the fiscal strength or production capability needed to win the contract with the War Department. As as result, Ford and Willys were asked to product their own pilot models for testing, the results of which would determine the contract. The original pilot models were submitted and named accordingly. The Willys Quad by Willys Overland, the Ford Pygmy by Ford and the BRC 60 by Bantam were accepted and orders were given for 1,500 units per company, with a revised weight limit of 2,160Ib. During these pre-production runs, each vehicle was re-named. The Willys Quad became the “MA”, the Ford Pygmy became the “GP”, and the “BRC 60” became the “BRC 40”. By July of 1941, the War Department, needing standardization, selected Willys-Overland to fulfill its contract, on account of the MA’s powerful engine, silhouette, low bid ($748.74/unit), and because of the company’s ability to fulfill production needs, ordering another 16,000 vehicles.
Absorbing some of the design features of the Bantam and Ford entries, the Willys “MA” was then renamed the Willys “MB”, and featured the powerful “Go Devil” engine and a welded flat iron “slat” radiator grille (which was later replaced by a stamped grille in March of 1942). By October 1941, due to an increased demand for production, Ford was contracted to assist Willys-Overland and changed their model’s name from “GP to “GPW”, with the "W" referring to the "Willys" licensed design. During World War Two, Ford produced some 280,000 of these vehicles.
The MA and early MB's had the “Willys” name stamped into the left rear panel; however, in the spring of 1942, the War Dept. decided not to feature the logo and removed them. Early MB's had a wiper for each side of the windshield, which were hand operated in contrast to later configurations. The windshields also varied slightly. The first 3,500 produced used an MA-type frame, which had a shorter distance between the cowl and the glass frames (4in) The later models had a 6in measurement, and were noticeably taller. In the earlier model MB's, the gas tank still had rectangular lower corners, as opposed to later versions.
While earlier black-out lamps for the MB were used as aids to see other vehicles in the convoy, later MB's feature a large blackout headlamp mounted on the left front fender that was used to help the driver see where he was going. The headlamps on all World War Two Willys MB and Ford GPW Jeeps hinged up so they could illuminate the engine compartment in dark times. In 1942 the MB Jeeps got combat wheels, replacing the original stamped and welded version. Combat wheels were heavier and bolted together to facilitate field repair, and also had the ability to transport the vehicle for a distance with deflated tires. All jeeps had brackets for their pioneer tools mounted on the left side below the entryway.
Rounded rear corners were found on the bodies of all the production Jeeps, both Willys MB and Ford GPW models. All models also featured larger bumperettes, exterior handles for manual extrication from sticky terrain, and two top bows to raise the height of the canvas and keep it from pounding the heads of the front seat occupants. The instrument panels began to look more militarized on the MB and GPW. Instruments were separate (oil pressure, fuel level, ammeter, water temperature, speedometer) had black faces, and were externally illuminated. The in-out lever for the front differential, and the transfer case lever, were on the right side of the transmission lever, as those components had migrated from the left side on the Bantams to the right side on the production models.
Information sourced from – www.kaiserwillys.com/about_willys_jeep_mb_history_specs
1941-1945 WILLYS MB / FORD GPW –
The U.S. Army requested a vehicle, and drove off in a ''Hero'' the Willys MB, its spirit forged by the fire of combat and honed in the heat of battle, seared its way into the hearts of warriors fighting for freedom. Fierce emotional bonds often developed between a soldier and his ''Jeep'' 4x4. The faithful little MB earned a place in every GI's heart, in every area of combat, in every conceivable role.
The tough, simple Jeep 4x4 became the GI's best friend, second only to his rifle. One Jeep MB was even awarded a Purple Heart and sent home. General George C. Marshall, U.S Army Chief of Staff during World War Two, and later U.S. Secretary of State, described the Jeep 4x4 as ''America's greatest contribution to modern warfare'' Scripps Howard World War Two reporter Ernie Pyle once said, ''It did everything. It went everywhere. Was a faithful as a dog, as strong as a mule, and as agile as a goat. It constantly carried twice what it was designed for and still kept going''.
The Willys MB started a revolution in the use of Small Military Motor Vehicles in the U.S. Army, horses along with motorcycles, solo and side car, were rendered obsolete almost immediately. The all-purpose Willys MB was amazingly versatile, they could be fitted with .30 or .50 caliber machine guns for combat and were also widely modified for long-range desert patrol, snow plowing, telephone cable laying, saw milling, as fire-fighting pumpers, field ambulances, tractors and, with suitable wheels, would even run on railway tracks.
Willys MB's could be loaded into transport aircraft for rapid deployment and were also small enough to fit into the large gliders used in the D-Day Invasion of Europe, over the course of the war, customised field kits were developed for winter and desert conditions, deep-water fording and other combat needs. Although the Willys MB was not the first four-wheel-drive vehicle, the Go Anywhere, Do Anything vehicle, but it did influenced every 4x4 built in its wake. The New York Museum of Modern Art includes a Military Jeep Brand 4x4 in its display of eight automobiles and regarded it as “one of the very few genuine expressions of machine art.”
Willys MB / Ford GPW –
▪︎Type – 1⁄4 ton 4x4 Utility Truck
▪︎Place of origin – United States
▪︎In service – 1941 until varying per country
▪︎Used by – USA and its allies of World War Two
▪︎Wars – World War Two, Korean War, Various post 1945 conflicts
▪︎Designer – Karl Probst, Delmar G. Roos
▪︎Designed – 1940 through early 1942
▪︎Manufacturer – Willys-Overland (MB) / Ford (GPW)
▪︎Produced – 1941 to 1945
▪︎Number built – World War Two total = 647,925 including pre-production units – Willys MB: 359,489 / Ford GPW: 277,896
▪︎Variants – Ford GPA ''Seep'' 12,778
▪︎Specifications – (MB and GPW same)
▪︎Mass – 2,453lb, curb weight (with engine fluids and full fuel) 2,337lb dry weight
▪︎Length – 132 1⁄4 inch
▪︎Width – 62 inch
▪︎Height overall with top up – 69 3⁄4 inch reducible to 52 inch
▪︎Crew – 3 to 4
▪︎Main armament – designed to mount .30 or .50 caliber machine guns swiveling on post between front seatbacks
▪︎Secondary armament – towing 37mm anti-tank gun
▪︎Engine – 2.2 litre Inline 4 Willys L134 ''Go Devil'' 60hp
▪︎Power/weight – 54.0hp/ton
▪︎Payload capacity – 1,200lb on-road, 800lb cross-country
▪︎Transmission – 3 speed x 2 range transfer case
▪︎Suspension – live axles on leaf springs front and rear
▪︎Ground clearance – 8 3⁄4 inch
▪︎Fuel capacity – 12.5 imperial gallons
▪︎Operational range – 300 miles
▪︎Maximum speed – 65mph.
Information sourced from – en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willys_MB
1941-1945 WILLYS MB / FORD GPW –
The U.S. Army requested a vehicle, and drove off in a ''Hero'' the Willys MB, its spirit forged by the fire of combat and honed in the heat of battle, seared its way into the hearts of warriors fighting for freedom. Fierce emotional bonds often developed between a soldier and his ''Jeep'' 4x4. The faithful little MB earned a place in every GI's heart, in every area of combat, in every conceivable role.
The tough, simple Jeep 4x4 became the GI's best friend, second only to his rifle. One Jeep MB was even awarded a Purple Heart and sent home. General George C. Marshall, U.S Army Chief of Staff during World War Two, and later U.S. Secretary of State, described the Jeep 4x4 as ''America's greatest contribution to modern warfare'' Scripps Howard World War Two reporter Ernie Pyle once said, ''It did everything. It went everywhere. Was a faithful as a dog, as strong as a mule, and as agile as a goat. It constantly carried twice what it was designed for and still kept going''.
The Willys MB started a revolution in the use of Small Military Motor Vehicles in the U.S. Army, horses along with motorcycles, solo and side car, were rendered obsolete almost immediately. The all-purpose Willys MB was amazingly versatile, they could be fitted with .30 or .50 caliber machine guns for combat and were also widely modified for long-range desert patrol, snow plowing, telephone cable laying, saw milling, as fire-fighting pumpers, field ambulances, tractors and, with suitable wheels, would even run on railway tracks.
Willys MB's could be loaded into transport aircraft for rapid deployment and were also small enough to fit into the large gliders used in the D-Day Invasion of Europe, over the course of the war, customised field kits were developed for winter and desert conditions, deep-water fording and other combat needs. Although the Willys MB was not the first four-wheel-drive vehicle, the Go Anywhere, Do Anything vehicle, but it did influenced every 4x4 built in its wake. The New York Museum of Modern Art includes a Military Jeep Brand 4x4 in its display of eight automobiles and regarded it as “one of the very few genuine expressions of machine art.”
Willys MB / Ford GPW –
▪︎Type – 1⁄4 ton 4x4 Utility Truck
▪︎Place of origin – United States
▪︎In service – 1941 until varying per country
▪︎Used by – USA and its allies of World War Two
▪︎Wars – World War Two, Korean War, Various post 1945 conflicts
▪︎Designer – Karl Probst, Delmar G. Roos
▪︎Designed – 1940 through early 1942
▪︎Manufacturer – Willys-Overland (MB) / Ford (GPW)
▪︎Produced – 1941 to 1945
▪︎Number built – World War Two total = 647,925 including pre-production units – Willys MB: 359,489 / Ford GPW: 277,896
▪︎Variants – Ford GPA ''Seep'' 12,778
▪︎Specifications – (MB and GPW same)
▪︎Mass – 2,453lb, curb weight (with engine fluids and full fuel) 2,337lb dry weight
▪︎Length – 132 1⁄4 inch
▪︎Width – 62 inch
▪︎Height overall with top up – 69 3⁄4 inch reducible to 52 inch
▪︎Crew – 3 to 4
▪︎Main armament – designed to mount .30 or .50 caliber machine guns swiveling on post between front seatbacks
▪︎Secondary armament – towing 37mm anti-tank gun
▪︎Engine – 2.2 litre Inline 4 Willys L134 ''Go Devil'' 60hp
▪︎Power/weight – 54.0hp/ton
▪︎Payload capacity – 1,200lb on-road, 800lb cross-country
▪︎Transmission – 3 speed x 2 range transfer case
▪︎Suspension – live axles on leaf springs front and rear
▪︎Ground clearance – 8 3⁄4 inch
▪︎Fuel capacity – 12.5 imperial gallons
▪︎Operational range – 300 miles
▪︎Maximum speed – 65mph.
Information sourced from – en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willys_MB
(1941-1945) WILLYS MB –
One of the first mass-produced military vehicles in the United States, the Willys MB (and Ford GPW) U.S Army Jeep is the culmination of war-time ingenuity, standardization and strategic personalization for transport of personnel and cargo. Soon to become the ubiquitous, ''world-famous'' Jeep, the Willys MB and Ford GPW models were very effective on the ground, with many standardized features such as 6.00x16 tyres, 60 honest horsepower at 4,000rpm, a gasoline can bracket on the left rear, provisions for trailer lights, spark interference suppression, a blackout light system, twin top bows and sealed spring shackles.
Prior to the production of the MB/GPW, other attempts were made to satisfy the Army's need for a Light Utility Vehicle including the first prototype presented by the American Bantam Car Company. Nicknamed the ''Blitz Buggy'' this vehicle concept which was the first bid accepted by the Army, as it satisfied the Army’s Ordnance Technical Committee specifications that the vehicle has:
▪︎Four-wheel drive.
▪︎Crew of three.
▪︎A wheelbase of no more than 75in and tracks no more than 47in.
▪︎A fold-down windshield.
▪︎A 660lb payload.
▪︎An engine capable of 85 ft lb of torque.
▪︎With an empty weight of no more than 1,300lbs. (590 kg).
While the ''Blitz Buggy'' did satisfy these requirements, Bantam was not able to deliver with the fiscal strength or production capability needed to win the contract with the War Department. As as result, Ford and Willys were asked to product their own pilot models for testing, the results of which would determine the contract. The original pilot models were submitted and named accordingly. The Willys Quad by Willys Overland, the Ford Pygmy by Ford and the BRC 60 by Bantam were accepted and orders were given for 1,500 units per company, with a revised weight limit of 2,160Ib. During these pre-production runs, each vehicle was re-named. The Willys Quad became the “MA”, the Ford Pygmy became the “GP”, and the “BRC 60” became the “BRC 40”. By July of 1941, the War Department, needing standardization, selected Willys-Overland to fulfill its contract, on account of the MA’s powerful engine, silhouette, low bid ($748.74/unit), and because of the company’s ability to fulfill production needs, ordering another 16,000 vehicles.
Absorbing some of the design features of the Bantam and Ford entries, the Willys “MA” was then renamed the Willys “MB”, and featured the powerful “Go Devil” engine and a welded flat iron “slat” radiator grille (which was later replaced by a stamped grille in March of 1942). By October 1941, due to an increased demand for production, Ford was contracted to assist Willys-Overland and changed their model’s name from “GP to “GPW”, with the "W" referring to the "Willys" licensed design. During World War Two, Ford produced some 280,000 of these vehicles.
The MA and early MB's had the “Willys” name stamped into the left rear panel; however, in the spring of 1942, the War Dept. decided not to feature the logo and removed them. Early MB's had a wiper for each side of the windshield, which were hand operated in contrast to later configurations. The windshields also varied slightly. The first 3,500 produced used an MA-type frame, which had a shorter distance between the cowl and the glass frames (4in) The later models had a 6in measurement, and were noticeably taller. In the earlier model MB's, the gas tank still had rectangular lower corners, as opposed to later versions.
While earlier black-out lamps for the MB were used as aids to see other vehicles in the convoy, later MB's feature a large blackout headlamp mounted on the left front fender that was used to help the driver see where he was going. The headlamps on all World War Two Willys MB and Ford GPW Jeeps hinged up so they could illuminate the engine compartment in dark times. In 1942 the MB Jeeps got combat wheels, replacing the original stamped and welded version. Combat wheels were heavier and bolted together to facilitate field repair, and also had the ability to transport the vehicle for a distance with deflated tires. All jeeps had brackets for their pioneer tools mounted on the left side below the entryway.
Rounded rear corners were found on the bodies of all the production Jeeps, both Willys MB and Ford GPW models. All models also featured larger bumperettes, exterior handles for manual extrication from sticky terrain, and two top bows to raise the height of the canvas and keep it from pounding the heads of the front seat occupants. The instrument panels began to look more militarized on the MB and GPW. Instruments were separate (oil pressure, fuel level, ammeter, water temperature, speedometer) had black faces, and were externally illuminated. The in-out lever for the front differential, and the transfer case lever, were on the right side of the transmission lever, as those components had migrated from the left side on the Bantams to the right side on the production models.
Information sourced from – www.kaiserwillys.com/about_willys_jeep_mb_history_specs
Pre-57th Presidential Inauguration 2013: Penn Quarter on 7th Street at Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Washington DC on Sunday afternoon, 20 January 2013 by Elvert Barnes Photography
FIRST AID TENT at Pennsylvania Avenue and 7th Street
Learn more about the logisitics, designs and locations of the 2013 Inaugural Parade First AID tents at www.army.mil/article/94158/
SETTING UP for 57th PRESIDENTIAL INAUGURATION 2013 PARADE
Visit Elvert Barnes 57th PRESIDENTIAL INAUGURATION 2013 docu-project at elvertbarnes.com/2013Inauguration.html
2025 Waste Expo Tradeshow visit
Stellar Products refuse hopper for use on utility vehicles
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The British manufacturerd FV1119 Leyland Martian 10 ton Six Wheel Drive Recovery Truck was one of a series of highly specialised trucks developed by Leyland Motors during the late 1940's for Military use and incorporated a number of standardised components. The Recovery Vehicle was intended to be used for frontline recovery work and to complement the hard-pressed Scammell Recovery Vehicles already in service in the late 1950's. The Leylands appeared in service in the early 1960's and only a handful would seem to have survived to the mid 1990's, one of the last reportedly in Hong Kong. The truck was the first British Army Breakdown Vehicle to incorporate a pedestal mounted rotating crane as its main lifting device. The Martian also fulfilled the role of an Artillery Tractor fitted with a crewcab for 12 Gunner's, and also came as a General Service Vehicle, carrying supplies and ammunition.
General characteristics:-
▪︎Manufacturer: Leyland Motors
▪︎Developed: 1940's
▪︎In Service: 1940's to 1970's
▪︎Powerplant: Rolls-Royce B80 (later B81) 6.5 litre straight-8 petrol 175hp to 220hp
▪︎Transmission: 4 speed manual
▪︎Suspension: Walking beam
▪︎Maximum Speed: 40 mph
▪︎Consumption: 3.5 mpg
▪︎Lifting Capacity: 15 ton Rotating crane
▪︎Winching Capacity: 40 ton Rear winch
▪︎Stabiliser: Ground Anchor
▪︎Variants: Artillery Tractor / General Purpose Vehicle.
The British manufacturerd FV1119 Leyland Martian 10 ton Six Wheel Drive Recovery Truck was one of a series of highly specialised trucks developed by Leyland Motors during the late 1940's for Military use and incorporated a number of standardised components. The Recovery Vehicle was intended to be used for frontline recovery work and to complement the hard-pressed Scammell Recovery Vehicles already in service in the late 1950's. The Leylands appeared in service in the early 1960's and only a handful would seem to have survived to the mid 1990's, one of the last reportedly in Hong Kong. The truck was the first British Army Breakdown Vehicle to incorporate a pedestal mounted rotating crane as its main lifting device. The Martian also fulfilled the role of an Artillery Tractor fitted with a crewcab for 12 Gunner's, and also came as a General Service Vehicle, carrying supplies and ammunition.
General characteristics:-
▪︎Manufacturer: Leyland Motors
▪︎Developed: 1940's
▪︎In Service: 1940's to 1970's
▪︎Powerplant: Rolls-Royce B80 (later B81) 6.5 litre straight-8 petrol 175hp to 220hp
▪︎Transmission: 4 speed manual
▪︎Suspension: Walking beam
▪︎Maximum Speed: 40 mph
▪︎Consumption: 3.5 mpg
▪︎Lifting Capacity: 15 ton Rotating crane
▪︎Winching Capacity: 40 ton Rear winch
▪︎Stabiliser: Ground Anchor
▪︎Variants: Artillery Tractor / General Purpose Vehicle.
The AEC Militant (aka ''Milly'') was a post-war development by AEC of the AEC Matador Artillery Tractor used during World War Two. Externally the most noticeable development was the cab, which was considerably enlarged. Unlike the Matador only six-wheel versions were produced. Four-wheel versions are extant, but they are probably conversions and one is a Matador with a Mk.I Militant cab. Other changes included the fitting of a larger, 11.3-litre 6-cylinder, diesel engine and the use of a steel frame for the cab, rather than the ash (fraxinus) wood frame of the Matador. The Militant Mk.I was produced in 6x4 and 6x6 form. Although primarily intended as a replacement for the Matador Artillery Tractor, other variants included an Articulated Lorry Tractor Unit, a General Service or Cargo Lorry with a longer wheelbase and as a chassis for mounting various Cranes, usually supplied by Coles.
The Militant served with the British Army and some other Armies in most parts of the world, it was intended as an improved Artillery Tractor, but after World War Two, the development of large Artillery Pieces was gradually dropped in favour of more effective Rockets and Missiles, making this role largely redundant during the Militant's service life. Crews had mixed views of the Militant, because it had no power steering, it took considerable effort to turn the steering wheel at slow speeds and in difficult conditions. However, it was credited with a good cross-country performance and was often used to recover the six-wheel drive Alvis Stalwart Amphibious Lorries that bogged in difficult conditions. (The Mk.III did have a power assist Steering Ram). Most variants were fitted with a chassis-mounted winch that was driven through the gearbox, this was intended for manoeuvering of the Towed Field Gun and for self-recovery of the vehicle, proved extremely strong and reliable. The Militant gained the nickname ''Knocker'' from its Military Crews which may have been due to the rhythmic sound of the slow-revving engines.
The ''Knocker'' was the nickname of the Mk.I and the one Mk.I CALM was still in service with each RCT Transport Squadron until the AEC fleet was replaced by the Bedford 14 Tonne 6x6 in the early 1990's. AEC Mk.III Recovery Trucks were replaced by Foden GS Recovery 6x6. Many Militants were sold off by the Army in the 1970's and were purchased as Heavy Recovery Vehicles or for forestry use by civilian operators. They were not as popular for forestry operations as their predecessor the Matador because the extra length and an extra axle made them less manoeuvrable in confined spaces. However, some users simply shortened the chassis and removed one axle, effectively creating a more powerful version of the Matador. AEC MK.I Militant's were still in service as late as 1985, the MK.III's were still in service as late as 1990.
▪︎Type: Medium / Heavy Artillery Tractor / Multi-Purpose Support Vehicle / 10-ton Cargo Truck
▪︎Place of Origin: United Kingdom
▪︎Designer & Manufacturer: AEC (Associated Equipment Company)
▪︎Produced: 1952 to 1964
▪︎Number Built: 3,200
▪︎Variants: O859 (6x4) / O860 (6x6)
▪︎Mass: Unladen 10.3 to 10.5 tons / Length: 24ft 1in / Width: 8ft / Height: 9ft 8in
▪︎Powerplant: AEC A223 straight-six diesel engine, 150bhp
▪︎Drive: 6x4 or part time 6x6
▪︎Transmission: 5F1Rx2
▪︎Suspension: Live axles on semi-elliptical multi-leaf springs inverted at the rear
▪︎Maximum Speed: 25mph.
Information sourced from en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AEC_Militant#:~:text=The%20AEC%20Mi...(or%20%22Milly,six%2Dwheel%20versions%20were%20produced.