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HMS Wellington is the last surviving Convoy Escort Ship and the only complete hull afloat that served throughout the entire Second World War. Originally armed with two 4.5" and one 3" gun, today she is in Civvies as the Headquarters Ship and Guild Hall of the Honoroable Company of Master Mariners, one of London's ancient Livery Companies. The ship is not normally open to the public, but right now it IS open for viewing a small exhibition about the North Atlantic Convoys call "Abandon Ship!". We were lucky enough to get a personal guided tour tacked on for free by a very knowledgeable member of the Company. This included the Wheel House, Boardroom, aft and poop decks as well as the exhibition itself. Top artifact in the show must surely be the ship's bell from the SS Ohio, a 16000 ton oil tanker that relieved the blockade of Malta, together with her Captain's medals and a super oil painting of the ship limping into Valetta harbour after for days of continuous bombing by the Axis forces. Without the vital petroleum products on board the Ohio, Malta would have had no choice but to surrender to the Nazis.
AI enhanced photo.
After Japanese capitulation at the end of World War II, U.S. Army General Douglas MacArthur instructed the Japanese to send emissaries to Manila to arrange the formal surrender, and bring with them all of Japan's defensive plans. Japanese Army Chief of Staff General Umezu refused to participate, and delegated the mission to General Torashiro Kawabe, who choose fifteen staff members to accompany him.
As part of the negotiations for the surrender, two demilitarized Japanese G4Ms, given the call-signs "Bataan 1" and "Bataan 2," were to be sent to Ie Shima carrying the first surrender delegations on the first leg of their flight to Manila in the Philippines.
The G4Ms were painted in surrender markings, white with green crosses, and were escorted by American P-38 Lightning fighters. The paint scheme was ordered by General MacArthur to verify that the planes were carrying the delegates.
On August 19, 1945 two Betty bombers took off from Tokyo with the Japanese delegation. Both planes were kept under close watch by constant U.S. Army Air Force escorts due to concerns that the delegates might attempt a kamikaze mission under the color of a flag of truce. Two B-25J Mitchells from the 345th Bombardment Group, with two others flying backup, monitored the flight. Providing top cover were six P-38 Lightnings of the 80th Fighter Squadron. The Japanese landed at Ie Shima Airfield at 12:40 in front of a large crowd of Americans gathered to witness their arrival.
Once the planes landed at Ie Shima, the delegates were transferred to a U.S. Army Air Force C-54 Skymaster for the final leg of the flight to Manila to meet with Macarthur to work out the details of the surrender. The two Bettys remained at Ie Shima to transfer the delegation back after the Manila meeting. Both planes were reportedly destroyed either by accident or planned scrapping shortly afterwards.
Crews guide the upper portion of "Unconditional Surrender" safely on the ground at Tuna Harbor Park. (Photos courtesy Dale Frost/Port of San Diego).
Morningside, Manhattan, New York City, New York, United States
The General Grant National Memorial, the work of architect John K. Duncan, is one of the most iwpressive monuments in the City. Located on a spectacular site overlooking the Hudson River and Riverside Park, at houses the earthly remains of Ulysses S. Grant, Civil War hero and eighteenth President of the United States, and Julia Dent Grant, his wife, in sarcophagi located side by side.
Ulysses Simpson Grant (1822-1885), trained at West Point, began his professional life as a career soldier in the Mexican-American War. Discontented with army life, he retired to the family business in Galena, Illinois, until the outbreak of the Civil War. Enlisting as a colonel in an Illinois regiment, Grant quickly rose in the ranks because of his successful campaign operations in the Mississippi Valley. Major victories at Vicksburg and Chattanooga led President Lincoln to give Grant supreme command of the Union armies in 1863.
Grant's personal direction of the Army of the Potomac ultimately led to the final battle of the war and Robert E. Lee's surrender at Appomattox on April 9, 1865, Grant's renown as a war hero led to his election as President, as the candidate of the Republican Party in 1868 and again in 1872. The years in the White House were shadowed by political passions bred by the war and the Reconstruction period.
When Grant died, he left a note requesting that he be buried at West Point, New York,Galena, Illinois, or New York City, and that his wife be buried next to him. Mrs. Grant preferred Washington, D. C., as his final resting place, but her son persuaded her to follow tho General's wishes. West Point was rejected because Mrs. Grant could not have been buried there, and Galena because it was in a rather inaccessible location for visitors.
Once New York had been chosen, it became necessary to find a site. -Many favored a Central Park location, either in the Mall or on Watch Hill at 108th Street. A location at Riverside Park prevailed, however, because a purely architectural monument that would dominate its surroundings was desired. On July 29, 1885, the site decision was announced, and on August 8, after being transported down river from upstate. General Grant's body was buried, in a temporary tomb on Riverside Drive at 123rd Street, following a ceremony attended by thousands including President Grover Cleveland.
The tomb was a brick structure, designed by architect Jacob Wrey Mould.
Shortly after the burial, it was felt that the site was inappropriate and would lend an unfortunate funerary air to this part of Riverside Drive which had been considered a gala promenade.
Frederick Law Olmsted, the designer of Riverside Park, and Calvert Vaux were particularly concerned.
Meanwhile, the General Grant Monument Association had been organized to build the permanent structure. On September 13, 1885, several prominent architects wrote to the New York Times proposing that a competition be held to determine the final designee of the tomb.
In February of 1S36 the Association was formally incorporated, and by June 1887 a competition had been announced. The terms of the competition were sharply criticized by the Architectural League the next year. The Association had provided no cost estimate for the monument so that the architects did not know how isuch they could spend when designing it.
Designs of any scale bad also been accepted which made it hard to judge there. Worst of all, the Association kept all of the drawings and encouraged the architects to underbid each other for their services.
The Association extended the deadline several times but fhe competition was finally closed in 1889. Finally, the Association declared that none of the more than one hundred designs which had beer, submitted were deeded suitable. While New York procrastinated, a bill was introduced in Congress to have Grant's remains removed to West Point. Although the bill was defeated, it lent some urgency to determining the form that the tomb was to take.
In an editorial on February 21, 1890, the New York Times pointed out that the major flaw with the original competition was the fact that the entrants wore not recompensed for their submissions, consequently, only amateurs had participated.
Accordingly, a new competition was announced a month later, with the firms of Carrere & Hastings, Charles W. Clinton, Napoleon Lebrun, J. H. Duncan, and John Ord submitting designs for a tomb to cost about $500,000. On November 10, 1890, John H, Duncan was announced as the winner. -.....
John Hemingway Duncan {1855-1929), a New York City architect, had achieved professional success with his design for the Soldiers' and Sailors' Memorial Arch at Grand Army Plaza, Brooklyn, built in 1889-92. His success with this Civil War monument may have led to his invitation for the Grant Monument competition. He later designed the Knox Building on Fifth Avenue and many handsome town houses.
Duncan's design for the Grant Monument was similar to several others in plan and also had a general similarity on the exterior to the design of J. A. Schweinfurth. Both designs borrowed the stepped dome feature from the famous Mausoleum at Halicarnassus. Schweinfurth's design was much more massive in scale than Duncan's which was reportedly chosen because work could be halted at either of two points if funds ran out: after the construction of the crypt, and after the construction of the main body of the tomb but before the construction of the dome.
Ground was broken on, April 27, 1891, Grant's birthday, in a ceremony attended by ten thousand people. As Grant's tomb was under construction, an attempt by Congress to move his remains to Arlington National Cemetery was easily defeated.
On April 27, 1892, President Benjamil Harrison attended a ceremony marking the laying of the cornerstone. The afternoon of that day was declared a state holiday. The cornerstone contains copies of the U.S. Constitution, the Declaration of independence, the Articles of Confederation, a Bible, Grant's memoirs. a Memorial bay pamphlet from 1886, the Mayor's proclamation, the half-holiday resolution, and various medals and newspapers.
As construction proceeded, the neighborhood was also being developed. The area around the lonely site was acquired by Columbia University, Barnard College, Teachers- College, St, Luke's Hospital, the Home for Old Men and Aged Couples, and the National Academy of Design. Furthermore, the Episcopal Diocese of New York was planning to build a new Cathedrfci at Amsterdam Avenue and 112th Street.
On April 13, 1837 the body of General Grant was quietly transferred to the new structure, in accordance with the family's wishes. Finally, on April 27, the new tomb was dedicated by President William McKinley. Sad weather kept the speeches short and the size of the crowd small. Nonetheless, there was a naval parade up the Hudson, and sixty thousand men marched in a land parade, including a contingent of Confederate veterans marking the national reconciliation that had taken place, while a quarter of a million spectators looked on.
The monument, constructed of granite from North Jay, Maine, appears today much as it did when completed in 1897. The basic disposition of forms -cube, cylinder and cone- is largely based on reconstruction drawings made of the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus, with which most architects of the time were familiar, although the proportions are modified.
The cube, which acts as a base, is the main body of the composition. A broad flight of steps approaches the hexastyle Doric portico in front. Fluted Doric columns support a typical Doric entablature with triglyphs and metopes containing circular bosses surrounded by laurel wreaths.
The level cornice is surmounted by stone blocks, placed one above each column. These blocks were originally intended to serve as bases for equestrian statues of Union generals.
The main cube of the mausoleum rises up behind the portico and is, in turn, crowned with a cornice above which rises a low parapet. At the front, this parapet is slightly pitched toward the center to permit the insertion of a small tablet containing Grant's famous words when accepting the Republican nomination in 1868: ''Let us have peace". This tablet is flanked by the figures of lamenting women, reminiscent of those in the Medici Tomb in Florence by Michelangelo.
The cylindrical upper portion of the building, above the main cube, forms a base, or drum. for the crowning . stepped cone. A circular ionic colonnade surrounds it and has an entablature with elaborate cornice ornamented by bosses surmounted by palmettos, The inner wall forcing the drum rises above this peripheral colonnade < where seen exposed above the colonnade, it is decorated with pilasters its the form of fasces set between panels.
The line stepped cone above the drum is especially reminiscent of reconstruc tions of the Mausoleum at Halicarnassos and is, for this country, a most unusual feature. It. was originally intended to crows, it with a quadriga statue of General Grant.
The three retaining sides of the main cube of the building are similar to the front but have blind Doric colonnades instead .of porticos. Between the columns are small square windows which light the interior. A small cornice at the ton of the portico and the main cornice at the top of the cube are carried completely around the building. Panels, set above each colonnade, were originally intended to contain inscriptions. The parapet also continues around the tope of the cube but, unlike the front portion, is level. The rear is similar to the sides but is slightly cere elaborate: due to the introduction of a fret molding which extends under the colonnade.
In the opinion of John Duncan it was of primary importance that the design be funereal in character and that it be unmistakably a tomb. To lend it an imposing sense of dignity he used the classic idiom: the Doric order for the large columns of the portico and colonnades and the Ionic order for the smaller columns of the peripheral screen around the drum. Likewise* the distinctive stepped roof was intended to convey the feeling that this was a tomb. Most contemporary sources referred to it as a "pyramid'' although, being-circular, it is obviously a cone. This was perhaps because similarly stepped square pyramids functioned as tombs for the kings of ancient Egypt. The combination of orders and elements which he used from both classic*?, and Renaissance sources reveal that his inspiration for the monument, was not so much derived from antiquity as it was from the contemporary French Beaux-Arts style.
The design for the monument, which was very successful, brought Duncan great fame. It was published in the American Architect and Building one of the major architectural magazines of "its day "and repeatedly pictured in architectural portfolios. It was also ranch published in travelers' guides.
In 1929, the Grant Monument Association commissioned John Russell Fops to complete the facade. His plans—never carried out because of the Depression-called for a pediment to he placed over the front portico, relacing Duncan's proposed equestrian statues. We also proposed placing candelabra on the wing-walls flanking the steps where the eagles are now located.
These eagles were originally located on large stone blocks at each end of the parapet. In 1938 they were moved to their present position, when the W.P.A. carried out some restorations and alterations. These changes were carried cut under the direction of Aymar Embury II, who followed Pope's plans quite closely while simplifying them for financial reasons.
The most important work in 1938 affected the landscaping around the tomb. Gilmore D. Clarke, the landscape architect., followed Pope's plans in having the plaza in front of the tomb widened and the walkway around it made narrower. This change set the tomb off more from Riverside Drive, while the planting of trees around it served to integrate it better into Riverside Park, meeting objections that Olmsted had raised in 1885.
In 1959. after New York State had authorized the City to convey the land on which the monument stands to the Federal Government, and, after Congress had passed a law authorizing its acceptance, the City deeded the land to the Department of the Interior. At the same time the Grant Monument Association, which owned the building, transferred ownership to the Federal Government which named it the General Grant National Memorial, to be maintained thenceforth by the National Park Service.
- From the 1975 NYCLPC Landmark Designation Report
“Unconditional Surrender” which is based on the “A kiss to Remember” photograph.
Picture taken at USS Midway Museum • San Diego California.
“Unconditional Surrender,” is 25-foot, 6,000 pound statue by world-renowned artist J. Seward Johnson commemorating a famous World War II photo. (photos)
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The Fine People At Wikipeda have this to say about the original picture(s) this was based on.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%e2%80%93J_day_in_Times_Square
V–J day in Times Square, perhaps the most famous photograph by Alfred Eisenstaedt, is of an American sailor kissing a young woman on V-J Day in Times Square on August 14, 1945, that was originally published in Life magazine. (The photograph is known under various names: V-J day in Times Square, V-Day, etc.[1])
Because Eisenstaedt was photographing rapidly changing events during the V-J celebrations he didn't get a chance to get names and details. The photograph does not clearly show the faces of either kisser and several people have laid claim to being the subjects. The photo was shot just south of 45th Street looking north from a location where Broadway and Seventh Avenue converge.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%e2%80%93J_day_in_Times_Square
However it does seem this statute is based on another photo taken at the same time by a navy photographer. (from the same Wiki entry):
U.S. Navy photo journalist Victor Jorgensen captured another view of the same scene, which was published in the New York Times.[4] This photograph shows less of Times Square in the background and does not show the full body of either the sailor or the nurse. Unlike the Eisenstaedt photograph, this photograph is in the public domain (by virtue of being produced by a federal government employee on official position).
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I have a few more pictures of this shoot to upload. I will get this one up now and the rest at a later point.
This photo is in my mother's photo collection but not taken by her. It is actually a photo that you can find quite a lot on the internet. According to one page this photo was taken on 12th June 1945.
My mother was in the Queen Alexandra Royal Naval Nursing Service (QARNNS) in WWII. She was posted to Lisahally and was there in May 1945 when the german u-boats were surrendered.
The "kiss" section of "Unconditional Surrender" is placed on the ground at Tuna Harbor Park. (Photos courtesy Dale Frost/Port of San Diego).
Surrender every word, every thought every sound.
Surrender every touch, every smile, every frown.
Surrender all the pain we've endured until now.
Surrender all the hope that I lost you have found.
Surrender yourself to me.
I think I found a flower in a field of weeds,
I think I found a flower in a field of weeds.
Searching until my hands bleed,
This flower don't belong to me.
Personal Photo By: Andrew Bosko
America’s battle against Japan was a tough battle. Both sides were strong in their efforts to defend themselves, but due to better strategies and stronger, more advanced weaponry, America won. It wasn’t until the bombing at Pear Harbor did America become engrossed with Japan. Many different battles were fought before Japan surrendered to America. America’s militaries banned together and fought not only at Iwo Jima, but in other areas such as the island of Okinawa, the main land of Japan, and the Philippines. With the Navy striking from under water “against merchant shipping and Japan’s lines of communications” they were able to take down and overpower the Japanese navy. The U.S.’s B-29s were “the only very-long-range bombers that saw action in large numbers”, making their overhead combat a success, and finally their ground troops, such as the Army and Marines had tactics that over ran the Japanese’s’. With the dropping of atomic bombs on August 6 at Hiroshima and Nagasaki, “the Soviets entry into the war in the far East, and the disintegration of the Japanese economy are morale” all amounted to Japan surrendering. On September 2, 1945 Japan’s government formally signed the Cairo Declaration, which called for Japan’s unconditional surrender.
James, Clayton D and Anne Sharp Wells. From Pearl Harbor to V-J Day: Te American Armed Forces in World War II. Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 1995.
Spent and sighing with a look in your eyes
Spit and sweatin' with a look on your face like
Sweet revelation, sweet surrender,
This pain in my neck & shoulder would probably go away if I just would learn to lighten my load and let things slide off my back more easily.
The final stages of the removal of "Unconditional Surrender" at Tuna Harbor Park. (Photos courtesy Dale Frost/Port of San Diego).
The final stages of the removal of "Unconditional Surrender" at Tuna Harbor Park. (Photos courtesy Dale Frost/Port of San Diego).
Katie will be surrendering her command to the Dread Pirate Liam when he's a wee bit older. Clare and I made it for her when she was a little swabbie. I took him up to her room to check it out this week but he is not allowed to touch just yet.
The arm of the "Unconditional Surrender" statue is lifted at Tuna Harbor Park. (Photos courtesy Dale Frost/Port of San Diego).
...Y es cuando ves que todo se te devuelve que quieres rendirte y dejar que la tierra caiga sobre tu cuerpo bien vestido. Es cuando ves que todo se desmorona a tu lado que sientes que todo lo que eres queda aparte, reemplazado por la mierda de ser humano que algun dia fuiste...
Quizás lo bueno es que siempre queda alguien que aún cree en ti, que aún te busca, aún te consuela y te quiere; porque sabe quien eres ahora. Porque estuvo durante tu cambio...
¿Es esa persona la que vale la pena al final? ¿O realmente es mejor esperar a que tu mundo se de cuenta de cuánto has crecido, y esperar a esa persona que tanto añoraste, sufriendo tanto en el camino?
pd: si hay un marco hecho más rápido que éste, que me lo muestren.
pd2: si hay una foto elegida más random que ésta, que me la muestren.
During a French counterattack the trench can be occupied once more.
Here I've used the Adrian and the German helmet together with the gas mask.
For these items take a look at:
www.shapeways.com/shops/MinifigCustomsIn3d§ion=WWI and WWII
Tuna Harbor Park visitors take a quick photo in front of "Unconditional Surrender" before its removal. (Photos courtesy Dale Frost/Port of San Diego).
The final stages of the removal of "Unconditional Surrender" at Tuna Harbor Park. (Photos courtesy Dale Frost/Port of San Diego).