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One from my trip to the Lake District, when we stopped in at Langdale quarry, an abandoned slate mine. This is called Cathedral Cave, and was blasted out of the hillside, with a single beam of rock remaining to hold the roof up. The place is very atmospheric, I wish I'd had more time to take photographs here.
PACIFIC OCEAN (April 10, 2013) Aviation Structural Mechanic 3rd Class Brady Miller works on an F/A-18F Super Hornet assigned to the Black Knights of Strike Fighter Squadron (VFA 154) aboard the aircraft carrier USS Nimitz (CVN 68). Nimitz is currently underway conducting Sustainment Training Exercises in preparation for an upcoming deployment. (U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist Seaman Nathan R. McDonald/Released)
A deceased flower of a Phalaenopsis or moth orchid.
With highlights, shadows and blacks about -80 and texture +100 together with some extra tweaks in CameraRaw and Photoshop.
Made with Sony A99m2 with Minolta AF 100mm f/2.8 Macro and Lit with two LED Lights.
A national juried exhibition with a focus on structure, both natural and human-made. The exhibition features painting, sculpture, photography, drawing, and more by 30 artists from across the country.
The work for this exhibition was chosen by our wonderful jurors, Peter Gabak and Joanna Poag. Join us for the opening reception, where $1,000 in cash awards will be announced!
Artists Included:
Deborah Beardslee (NY), Jackie Brown (ME), Christina Cassone (PA), Theresa Devine (AZ), Zach Dietl (NY), Julianne French (FL), Nate Hodge (NY), Ellie Honl (IN), Kristy Hughes (IN), Jim Jacobs (UT), Yasemin Kackar-Demirel (NY), Ella Kampelman (MN), Susan Kaye (NY), Namdoo Kim (NY), Sassoon Kosian (NJ), Tom Kredo (NY), Yoonjee Kwak (NY), Pamela Markman (CA), Vanessa Michalak (MA), Nicole Mongelluzzo (NY), Kelly Nye (OH), Colleen O’Hara (NY), Chris Oliver (NY), Nancy Ridenour (NY), Ruth Simon McRae (GA), Jean Stephens (NY), Susan Stuart (NY), Tracy Wascom (MI), Doerte Weber (TX), Jere Williams (VA)
May 9–June 30, 2015
Opening Reception: Saturday, May 9, 4–7p.m.
Piping Technology & Products, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiary, Pipe Shields, Inc. designed and fabricated many structural pipe hangers for an on-going project to rebuild the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge. The pipe hangers are made out of A-36 carbon steel and galvanized to withstand corrosion from the ocean waters and rough winds. These pipe supports will be welded to Pipe Shields’ C Model Anchor Plates, which are set in a cast concrete to the bottom cavity of the bridge.
Supports pictured utilize friction holding devices known as MegaLug®, which permit attachment to the pipes without welding. These supports were designed and fabricated to include improvements in regard to strength and durability to withstand high loads during earthquakes and other seismic events.
The larger girder, to the left, is one of the closure girders that will be erected in the gap between Pier 8 and Pier 9.
A national juried exhibition with a focus on structure, both natural and human-made. The exhibition features painting, sculpture, photography, drawing, and more by 30 artists from across the country.
The work for this exhibition was chosen by our wonderful jurors, Peter Gabak and Joanna Poag. Join us for the opening reception, where $1,000 in cash awards will be announced!
Artists Included:
Deborah Beardslee (NY), Jackie Brown (ME), Christina Cassone (PA), Theresa Devine (AZ), Zach Dietl (NY), Julianne French (FL), Nate Hodge (NY), Ellie Honl (IN), Kristy Hughes (IN), Jim Jacobs (UT), Yasemin Kackar-Demirel (NY), Ella Kampelman (MN), Susan Kaye (NY), Namdoo Kim (NY), Sassoon Kosian (NJ), Tom Kredo (NY), Yoonjee Kwak (NY), Pamela Markman (CA), Vanessa Michalak (MA), Nicole Mongelluzzo (NY), Kelly Nye (OH), Colleen O’Hara (NY), Chris Oliver (NY), Nancy Ridenour (NY), Ruth Simon McRae (GA), Jean Stephens (NY), Susan Stuart (NY), Tracy Wascom (MI), Doerte Weber (TX), Jere Williams (VA)
May 9–June 30, 2015
Opening Reception: Saturday, May 9, 4–7p.m.
Piping Technology & Products, Inc. Designed and Fabricated Structural Pipe Hangers with Megalug® Pipe Attachments.
These are carbon steel structural supports designed for 6", 10" and 12" ductile iron pipe. They are hot dip galvanized to protect against corrosion and will be used in conjunction with hydraulic snubbers. The hydraulic snubbers are used to protect against axial shock loading, as well as providing vertical weight support.
Each support utilizes a Megalug pipe attachment to eliminate the need for field welding. The Megalug® attachments are designed to "bite" into the sides of the pipe providing an attachment point for the flanges on the fabricated clamp.
The 6" supports are designed for a maximum vertical load of 3,770 pounds, while the 10" and 12" supports are designed for a maximum vertical load of 11,630 pounds. All of the supports are built for an overall height of 55-1/8" from the upper support steel to pipe centerline.
160118-N-MV308-042 SIGONELLA, Sicily (Jan. 18, 2016) Aviation Structural Mechanic Airman Apprentice Man Xu, assigned to the “Golden Eagles” of Patrol Squadron (VP) 9, washes a P-3C Orion maritime patrol aircraft as part of a corrosion preventative maintenance plan at Naval Air Station Sigonella, Sicily, Jan. 18, 2016. VP-9 is forward deployed to the U.S. 6th Fleet area of responsibility and is assigned to CTF 67, responsible for tactical control of deployed maritime patrol and reconnaissance squadrons throughout the European and African areas of responsibility. (U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 3rd Class Amber Porter/Released)
Piping Technology & Products, Inc. Designed and Fabricated Structural Pipe Hangers with Megalug® Pipe Attachments.
These are carbon steel structural supports designed for 6", 10" and 12" ductile iron pipe. They are hot dip galvanized to protect against corrosion and will be used in conjunction with hydraulic snubbers. The hydraulic snubbers are used to protect against axial shock loading, as well as providing vertical weight support.
Each support utilizes a Megalug pipe attachment to eliminate the need for field welding. The Megalug® attachments are designed to "bite" into the sides of the pipe providing an attachment point for the flanges on the fabricated clamp.
The 6" supports are designed for a maximum vertical load of 3,770 pounds, while the 10" and 12" supports are designed for a maximum vertical load of 11,630 pounds. All of the supports are built for an overall height of 55-1/8" from the upper support steel to pipe centerline.
A national juried exhibition with a focus on structure, both natural and human-made. The exhibition features painting, sculpture, photography, drawing, and more by 30 artists from across the country.
The work for this exhibition was chosen by our wonderful jurors, Peter Gabak and Joanna Poag. Join us for the opening reception, where $1,000 in cash awards will be announced!
Artists Included:
Deborah Beardslee (NY), Jackie Brown (ME), Christina Cassone (PA), Theresa Devine (AZ), Zach Dietl (NY), Julianne French (FL), Nate Hodge (NY), Ellie Honl (IN), Kristy Hughes (IN), Jim Jacobs (UT), Yasemin Kackar-Demirel (NY), Ella Kampelman (MN), Susan Kaye (NY), Namdoo Kim (NY), Sassoon Kosian (NJ), Tom Kredo (NY), Yoonjee Kwak (NY), Pamela Markman (CA), Vanessa Michalak (MA), Nicole Mongelluzzo (NY), Kelly Nye (OH), Colleen O’Hara (NY), Chris Oliver (NY), Nancy Ridenour (NY), Ruth Simon McRae (GA), Jean Stephens (NY), Susan Stuart (NY), Tracy Wascom (MI), Doerte Weber (TX), Jere Williams (VA)
May 9–June 30, 2015
Opening Reception: Saturday, May 9, 4–7p.m.
Ambasciata d'Italia, Brasilia
Pier Luigi Nervi, 1971-77
Pier Luigi Nervi, l’architecture comme défi
Archizoom Gallery, EPFL
Loughborough University Business School site constructing structural frames
This image is part of the CalVisual for Construction Image Archive. For more information visit www.engsc.ac.uk/resources/calvisual/index.asp
Author: Loughborough University
Dear Work33dour,
Message from the GM
From Concept to Completion. That is the goal of Geolyse and as 2013 progresses we have made further steps on that pathway now offering Structural
Engineering. Structural Engineering is a perfect fit with our Architects and Engineers enabling better integration of design and structures. This
strengthens even further our One Stop Shop approach to providing an inclusive package of services to clients. Many people are surprised by the breadth
and scale of projects we can and do deliver. From Concept to Completion.
Meet Our New Employees
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Archaeology & Heritage Presentation ( www.geolyse.com/index.php/component/content/article/2-new... )
Our Archaeologist and Heritage Officer Gina Scheer presented at the Environmental Institute of Australia and New Zealand and Central West region
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Gosling Creek Aged Living (
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Geolyse are involved in the design of a 120 bed aged care facility opposite the new base hospital on Forest Road, Orange. Click Here (
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Heritage Archival Recording Projects ( www.geolyse.com/index.php/component/content/article/2-new... )
Geolyse recently completed two Archival recording projects for John Holland Rail. The work involved photographing and documenting the heritage
structure prior to their removal. Click Here ( www.geolyse.com/index.php/component/content/article/2-new... ) to read more
Jenolan Caves - Environmental Assessment ( www.geolyse.com/index.php/component/content/article/2-new... )
Geolyse was recently engaged by the Roads and Maritime Services (RMS) to prepare an environmental assessment of proposed road improvement works to the
historic Jenolan Caves Road. Click Here ( www.geolyse.com/index.php/component/content/article/2-new... ) to read more
Orange Mini Golf Facility ( www.geolyse.com/index.php/component/content/article/2-new... )
As part of an ongoing client relationship, Geolyse was commissioned to complete the planning requirements for the construction of a mini golf facility
in Warrendine Road, Orange. Click Here ( www.geolyse.com/index.php/component/content/article/2-new... ) to read more
Forbes Footbridge ( www.geolyse.com/index.php/component/content/article/2-new... )
Geolyse have been asked to complete the detailed design for a new footbridge to run alongside the existing main bridge on Bridge Street over Lake
Forbes. Click Here ( www.geolyse.com/index.php/component/content/article/2-new... ) to read more
Orange Christian School Prefabricated Classrooms ( www.geolyse.com/index.php/component/content/article/2-new... )
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Orange Airport Terminal ( www.geolyse.com/index.php/component/content/article/2-new... )
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Happy Easter
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Structural pallet racks by Elite Storage Solutions is raising the bar to new heights for more than 30 years. Get a quote online for structural pallet racks as per your requirements.
Children enjoy the view from the Kananook Creek Bridge in the Melbourne suburb of Frankston, Victoria, Australia.
Shot on Ilford SFX 200 black-and-white film
Horizontally laminated & structurally crinkled gyprock from the Permian of New Mexico, USA.
This is a sample of gyprock (rock gypsum), a finely crystalline-textured, chemical sedimentary rock dominated by the mineral gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O - hydrous calcium sulfate). The whitish-gray layers are the gypsum. The dark brown layers are calcite (CaCO3 - calcium carbonate). Gyprock is an evaporite, which forms by the evaporation of water (usually seawater) and the precipitation of dissolved minerals. Small-scale crinkling is present in the specimen. The original outcrop also had small-scale folding and faulting. These features are the result of early Cenozoic structural deformation, not gypsum-to-anhydrite (or vice-versa) transformations (see Anderson & Kirkland, 1987).
Stratigraphy: Castile Formation, upper Upper Permian
Locality: State Line outcrop, roadcut on either side of Rt. 180/Rt. 62, between Carlsbad Caverns National Park and Guadalupe Mountains National Park, immediately north of the Texas border, southern Eddy County, southeastern New Mexico, USA (32° 00' 34.2" North latitude, 104° 29' 55.0" West longitude)
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Reference cited:
Anderson, R.Y. & D.W. Kirkland. 1987. Banded Castile evaporites, Delaware Basin, New Mexico. Rocky Mountain Section of the Geological Society of America, Centennial Field Guide Volume 2: 455-458.
Ludlow Castle
Heritage Category: Scheduled Monument
List Entry Number: 1004778
More information can be found on the link below:-
historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1004778
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Ludlow Castle, Castle Square, Ludlow, Shropshire
Ludlow Castle the standing structural remains
Heritage Category: Listed Building
Grade: I Listed
List Entry Number: 1291698
Summary
The standing structural remains of Ludlow Castle, an enclosure castle, begun in the late C11, and converted into a tower keep castle in the early C12.
Reasons for Designation
The standing structural remains of Ludlow Castle are listed at Grade I for the following principal reasons:
Historical: as one of England's finest castle sites, clearly showing its development from an enclosure castle into a tower keep castle in the C12; the castle played an important historical role particularly as seat of the President of the Council of the Marches; Architectural: the castle remains illustrate significant phases of development between the C11 and the C16; Survival: the buildings are in a ruinous condition, but nonetheless represent a remarkably complete multi-phase complex.
History
An enclosure castle is a defended residence or stronghold, built mainly of stone, in which the principal or sole defence comprises the walls and mural towers bounding the site. Enclosure castles, found in urban and in rural areas, were the strongly defended residence of the king or lord, sited for offensive or defensive operations, and often forming an administrative centre. Although such sites first appeared following the Norman Conquest, they really developed in the C12, incorporating defensive experience of the period, including that gained during the Crusades. Many enclosure castles were built in the C13, with a few dating from the C14, and Ludlow Castle is not alone in having begun as an enclosure castle and developed into a tower keep castle. At Ludlow, the large existing gate tower was converted into a tower keep in the early C12, providing more domestic accommodation, as well as defence.
Ludlow Castle occupies a commanding position at the steep-sided western end of a flat-topped ridge overlooking the valleys of the River Teme and the River Corve. The adjacent town of Ludlow, which was established by the mid-C12, lies to the south and east of the castle. The defences surrounding the medieval town are designated separately. The castle was probably founded by Walter de Lacy in about 1075 and served as the ‘caput' (the principal residence, military base and administrative centre) of the de Lacy estates in south Shropshire until the mid-C13. During the Anarchy of King Stephen's reign the castle was for Matilda until 1139, when it was besieged and captured by Stephen. The de Lacy family recovered the castle in the C12 and retained it, apart from occasional confiscations, until the death of Walter de Lacy in 1241. Ludlow Castle features in an ‘ancestral romance’ called ‘The Romance of Fulk FitzWarren', written in the late C13 about the adventures of a C13 knight. Other documentary sources indicate that when the castle was in royal control it was used for important meetings, such as that held in 1224 when Henry III made a treaty with the Welsh prince, Llewellyn. Following the death of Walter de Lacy in 1241 the castle came into the possession of the de Genevilles, and in the early C14, the castle passed through marriage to Roger Mortimer. Between 1327 and 1330 Roger Mortimer ruled England as Regent, with Edward II's widowed queen, Isabella. Mortimer had himself made Earl of March in 1328. In 1425 the Mortimer inheritance passed to Richard Plantagenet, Duke of York, who made Ludlow a favoured residence. His eldest son, who assumed the title of Earl of March, claimed the crown as Edward IV in 1461. Edward IV's son Edward was created Prince of Wales in 1471, and in 1473 was sent to Ludlow, where the administration of the principality known as the Council in the Marches was established. Both Edward and the Council remained at Ludlow until Edward IV's death in 1483. Ludlow Castle continued as an important royal residence and in 1493 the Council was re-established at Ludlow with Henry VII's son and heir, Prince Arthur as Prince of Wales. In 1501 Arthur was installed at Ludlow with his bride, Katherine of Aragon, and it was at Ludlow that Arthur died in 1502. In 1534 the Council in the Marches received statutory powers both to hear suits and to supervise and intervene in judicial proceedings in Wales and the Marches, and from that time until 1641, and again from 1660 to 1689, Ludlow's principal role was as the headquarters for the Council and, as such, the administrative capital of Wales and the border region. Milton’s mask, ‘Comus’, was first performed here in 1634 before John Egerton, 1st Earl of Bridgewater, in celebration of the earl’s new appointment as Lord President of Wales. On the dissolution of the Council the castle was abandoned and left to decay. Lead, window glass and panelling were soon removed for reuse in the town. In 1771, when the castle was leased to the Earl of Powis, many of the buildings were in ruins.
Since the late C18, the buildings have undergone repair and restoration at various times, as well as some further deterioration, with some rebuilding and replacement of stonework. Extensive archaeological excavations were undertaken by William St John Hope between 1903 and 1907. The castle is now open to the public.
Details
The standing structural remains of Ludlow Castle, an enclosure castle, begun in the late C11, and converted into a tower keep castle in the early C12.
MATERIALS: the castle is constructed of a variety of local stones; it appears that the greenish-grey flaggy calcerous siltstones that underlies the castle was used in its initial phase, with local sandstones being used thereafter.
PLAN: the castle consists of an elliptical INNER BAILEY, in the north-west corner of the site, representing the earliest area of development, with the OUTER BAILEY, created in the second half of the C12, to the south and east.
BUILDINGS:
The curtain wall of the inner bailey incorporates four mural towers and the former gatehouse, all thought to have been constructed by 1115. Three of the four towers are open at the back and would originally have contained wooden scaffolding supporting look-out and fighting platforms. The fourth tower, known as the POSTERN TOWER, on the western side of the enclosure, has small ground-floor postern doorways on its north and east sides. The former gatehouse, situated at the south-eastern part of the enclosure, is rectangular in plan and was originally three storeys in height. Remaining in the ground-floor of the building is part of a wall arcade, thought to be late-C11, with ornamented capitals. In the early C12 a fourth storey was added to provide more domestic accommodation, thus converting the gatehouse into a tower keep, known as the GREAT TOWER. In the later C12 the original gatehouse entrance passage was blocked (the location of the former arch remains visible on the south elevation) and an archway was cut through the adjacent part of the curtain wall to the north-east, reached by a stone bridge. This archway was partially infilled and a smaller arch constructed in the C14. Access to the upper floors of the tower is by a spiral stair to the east, reached by an ornamented doorcase, the Tudor arch having a trefoiled lintel flanked by cusped panelling and trefoiled lintel, which also gives access to rooms in the Judges’ Lodgings (see below). On the first floor is the hall, with a chamber and garderobe to the west. In the second half of the C15 the north wall of the Great Tower was rebuilt and internal floors added to create new rooms lit by enlarged windows. Adjoining the Great Tower, in the south-west section of the inner bailey, is the INMOST BAILEY, a walled enclosure constructed in the C12 and C13 to provide greater security and privacy to those living in the Great Tower. There is a well within this enclosure surrounded by a low stone wall.
Located in the north-eastern sector of the elliptical enclosure of the inner bailey are the remains of the CHAPEL OF ST MARY MAGDALENE. This was built in the first half of the C12, probably by Gilbert de Lacy, and was remodelled in the C16, probably in two phases. In the first phase, thought to have been undertaken circa 1502 for the installation of Arthur, Prince of Wales, a first floor was inserted in the circular nave, together with additional openings, including a first-floor doorway which gave access to a passage linking the chapel with the Great Chamber Block to the north. In the second phase, during the presidency of the Council in the Marches of Sir Henry Sidney (1560-86), the original presbytery and chancel were taken down and a new chancel, or chapel, built, stretching as far as the curtain wall. The crenellated circular nave, which measures 8.3m in diameter internally, survives to its full height as a roofless shell, and contains much original carving to the round-headed order arches of the door openings, with chevron and billet mouldings, and to the internal blind arcade with a variety of capitals and moulded arches.
Since the late C12, the castle site has been entered through the two-storeyed GATEHOUSE within the eastern part of the curtain wall of the outer bailey. The wall originally had two adjoining rectangular mural towers of which the one to the north of the gatehouse survives as a standing structure; this, together with the adjacent section of the curtain wall form part of the CASTLE HOUSE built in the C18 (listed separately at Grade I). Protruding from the curtain wall defining the western side of the outer bailey are the remains of a semi-circular tower known as MORTIMER'S TOWER, possibly built in the early C13; this originally consisted of a ground-floor entrance passage, with two floors above, and was used as the postern entrance to the outer bailey until the C15. In the south-west corner of the outer bailey are the remains of ST PETER’S CHAPEL, originally a free-standing rectangular structure, founded by Roger Mortimer to celebrate his escape from the Tower of London in 1324, following his rebellion against Edward II. The chapel served as the Court House and offices of the Council in the Marches, for which an adjacent building to the west was constructed. The south-east corner of the chapel is now attached to a wall which completes the enclosure of the outer bailey’s south-west corner. In the north wall of the chapel is a blocked two-light window, enlarged at the bottom when a floor was inserted for the court house; a second original window towards the eastern end now contains a first-floor blocked doorway.
At the end of the C13 or in the early C14 an extensive building programme was initiated, replacing existing structures within the inner bailey with a grand new range of domestic buildings, built along the inside of the north section of the Norman curtain wall. The construction of these new buildings indicates the changing role of Ludlow Castle from military stronghold to a more comfortable residence and a seat of political power, reflecting the more peaceful conditions in the region following the conquest of Wales by Edward I. The first buildings to be completed were the GREAT HALL and the adjoining SOLAR BLOCK (private apartments). The Great Hall, which was used for ceremonial and public occasions, consisted of a first floor over a large undercroft, reached through a moulded pointed arch in the south elevation. The Hall was lit on both south and north sides by three pointed-arched windows with sunk chamfers and ‘Y’ tracery formed of paired cusped trefoil-headed lights, under hoodmoulds; these originally had seats, now partially surviving. The central south window was converted to a fireplace, replacing the louver which formerly covered the open fire towards the east of the Hall, its position indicated by elaborate corbels. At the west end, a series of openings lead into the Solar Block, only one of these (that to the north) being of the primary phase. Within the Hall, at the western end, is a timber viewing platform, which is not of special interest.* The Solar Block is thought to have been begun as a two-storey building, and raised to three storeys shortly afterwards, at which time the adjacent NORTH-WEST TOWER was raised, with the new CLOSET TOWER being built in the angle between the two. Each of the three floors of the Solar Block extended into the North-West Tower, with each being linked to a room in the Closet Tower. All three floors of the Solar were heated, the ground floor having a fireplace which originally had a stone hood; the first-floor room has hooded fireplace, on nearly triangular-sectioned jambs; the room above has a plainer hooded fireplace. The windows include original openings with ‘Y’ tracery and trefoil-headed lights, similar to those in the Hall, and a ground-floor mullioned window probably dating from the late C16.
In the early C14 two additional buildings containing more private apartments were constructed by Richard Mortimer. The three-storeyed GREAT CHAMBER BLOCK was built in about 1320 next to the Great Hall to balance the Solar Block to the west of the Hall. The connecting four-storeyed GARDEROBE TOWER, which projects from the curtain wall of the inner bailey, was also probably built about the same time. As in the Hall and Solar blocks, the floors are now lost but features in the walls remain to indicate layout and function. The main entrance to this block is through a recessed doorway in the south-west corner, with a pointed two-light window above. The undercroft was heated, and is lit by two two-light windows with stone side seats in the south wall. The tracery of the eastern of these windows has been lost. The first-floor main room, or ‘Great Chamber’, contains a grand hooded fireplace carried on a fourfold series of corbels; to either side of the fireplace are large head corbels with leafwork. The Tudor transomed and mullioned window probably replaced an earlier window. The upper room also has a large hooded fireplace, and was lit principally by a large trefoil-headed window with head-stopped hoodmould in the southern wall.
Following the establishment of the headquarters for the Council in the Marches at Ludlow, new buildings were constructed and many existing buildings changed their use. Within the inner bailey the main room in the Great Chamber Block became the council chamber, with additional chambers above. A new adjoining residential block, now called the TUDOR LODGINGS, was built to the east, replacing earlier structures. The block consisted of two sets of lodgings both being of three storeys with attic rooms above. The south wall of this block cuts across openings in the east wall of the Great Chamber Block. Between the lodgings, projecting from the south wall, is a circular stair tower, entered through an ogee-headed arch. The windows in the south elevation are mullioned; several have been blocked. In the north wall of the western lodging, at ground-floor level, is an opening with double trefoil head, having a divided light above. Otherwise, the features of this range are plain, with pointed door openings, and straight lintels to fireplaces.
As the power of the Council grew, further domestic accommodation was needed. To the east of the entrance within the inner bailey, a three-storeyed range, known as the JUDGES LODGINGS, was completed in 1581. On the south side, this building extends the curtain wall upwards, with two gables, and piercing for fenestration, the earlier arched entrance to the inner bailey becoming visually part of the newer building, with rooms above; stone arms set immediately over the archway dated 1581 commemorate the Presidency of the Council of Sir Henry Sidney. Rooms set above the arch leave a gate-passage leading through a second archway to the inner bailey, and giving access to both the Great Keep and the Judges’ Lodgings. The rooms above the gate-passage appear to have been accessed by the embellished Tudor-arched doorway in the Keep at the north end of the passage. The north side of the Judges’ Lodgings, within the inner bailey, has a polygonal stair turret (which originally had a pyramidal roof), with mullioned and transomed eight-light windows set regularly to either side. Within, some indication is given of the arrangement and appearance of the rooms by the survival of numerous fireplaces of red sandstone backed by brick set in herringbone pattern. The adjoining building to the east, originally two-storeyed, is thought to date from the C17.
Other developments during the C16 included changes to the south-west corner tower, enclosed within the inmost bailey, with the installation of a large oven at ground-floor level, with residential rooms above; the tower became known as the OVEN TOWER. In 1522 the PORTER'S LODGE was built in the outer bailey to the south of the gatehouse. The shell of this building now contains the castle shop; the modern structure and fittings of the shop are not of special interest.* Also dating from 1522 is the PRISON, adjoining to the south, which retains square-headed windows with moulded frames and hoodmoulds, and the stable block, completed in 1597, with mullioned windows. Like the porter's lodge, these buildings remain as incomplete shells.
*Pursuant to s.1 (5A) of the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 ('the Act'), it is declared that these aforementioned features are not of special architectural or historic interest.
Sources
Books and journals
Cathcart-King, D J, Castellarium Anglicanum, (1983)
Goodall, J, The English Castle, 1066-1650, (2011)
H M Colvin, D R Ransome, The History of the KIng's Works, vol 3, (1975)
Kenyon, J, Castles in Wales and the Marches Essays in honour of DJ Cathcart King, (1987), 55-74
Pevsner, N, Newman, J, The Buildings of England: Shropshire, (2006)
R Allen Brown, H M Colvin, The History of the King's Works, vol 2, (1963)
Shoesmith, R, Johnson, A (eds), Ludlow Castle. Its History and Buildings, (2000)
'' in Archaeological Investigations Ltd, Hereford archaeology series, (1991)
W. H. St John Hope, , 'Archaeologia' in The Castle of Ludlow, (1908)
Other
Pastscape Monument No. 111057,
Shropshire HER 01176,
historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1291698
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Ludlow Castle, Castle Square, Ludlow, Shropshire
Construction of Ludlow Castle began in the late 11th century by the de Lacy's and held by them until the 13th century. In the 14th century it was enlarged by the Mortimers. In the 15th century ownership transferred between the House of York and Lancashire during the War of the Roses. In Elizabethan times the castle was further extended by Sir Henry Sidney. After the civil war the castle declined. It is now owned by the Earl of Powys for the crown.
Grade I listed.
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Welcome to Ludlow Castle, one of the finest medieval ruins in England. Set in the glorious Shropshire countryside at the heart of the superb, bustling black & white market town of Ludlow. Walk through the Castle grounds and see the ancient houses of kings, queens, princes, judges and the nobility – a glimpse into the lifestyle of medieval society
The Castle, firstly a Norman Fortress and extended over the centuries to become a fortified Royal Palace, has ensured Ludlow’s place in English history – originally built to hold back unconquered Welsh, passing through generations of the de Lacy and Mortimer families to Richard Plantagenet, Duke of York. It became Crown property in 1461 and remained a royal castle for the next 350 years, during which time the Council of the Marches was formed with responsibility for the Government of Wales and the border counties. Abandoned in 1689 the castle quickly fell into ruin, described as ‘the very perfection of decay’ by Daniel Defoe
Since 1811 the castle has been owned by the Earls of Powis, who have arrested further decline, and allowed this magnificent historical monument to be open to the public. Today the Castle is the home to Ludlow’s major festivals throughout the year and open for all to enjoy.
www.ludlowcastle.com/the-castle/
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See also:-
www.britainirelandcastles.com/England/Shropshire/Ludlow-C...
May 2, 2021 - Hilton Tower under construction across North High Street from the Hilton Columbus Downtown. The orange building is the Greater Columbus Convention Center. I love the structural gymnastics of the concrete column how it it is splayed out over the Convention Center. The new 28 story hotel tower will have 460 guest rooms and between the two hotels it will be the largest hotel in the state of Ohio with nearly 1,000 rooms. Scheduled to open in 2022.
The purpose of this project is to replace the existing structurally deficient and functional obsolete bridge with minimal approach work. The new structure will be a two lane facility, 40’ wide between curbs with a steel girder superstructure. The increased shoulder width will provide bike/pedestrian accommodations. In addition right and left turn lanes will be included at the new T intersection of Rte 501 and Rte 130. The proposed bridge will be replaced approximately 0.7 miles downstream from the existing structure. Traffic will be maintained by utilizing the existing roadway and bridge crossing; however temporary lane closures are expected. As a result of public outreach, this project will include a multi use pull-off for public river access, police weight restriction enforcement and VDOT emergency operations. The proposed fixed completion date is April 10, 2017.(Photo by Trevor Wrayton, VDOT)
Piping Technology & Products, Inc. Designed and Fabricated Structural Pipe Hangers with Megalug® Pipe Attachments.
These are carbon steel structural supports designed for 6", 10" and 12" ductile iron pipe. They are hot dip galvanized to protect against corrosion and will be used in conjunction with hydraulic snubbers. The hydraulic snubbers are used to protect against axial shock loading, as well as providing vertical weight support.
Each support utilizes a Megalug pipe attachment to eliminate the need for field welding. The Megalug® attachments are designed to "bite" into the sides of the pipe providing an attachment point for the flanges on the fabricated clamp.
The 6" supports are designed for a maximum vertical load of 3,770 pounds, while the 10" and 12" supports are designed for a maximum vertical load of 11,630 pounds. All of the supports are built for an overall height of 55-1/8" from the upper support steel to pipe centerline.
should go back and take this picture again on a sunny day, so you can see the details better. this is new england so we have a whole slew of wooden churches and other houses of worship.
ANSH scavenger13 "a wooden church"
A national juried exhibition with a focus on structure, both natural and human-made. The exhibition features painting, sculpture, photography, drawing, and more by 30 artists from across the country.
The work for this exhibition was chosen by our wonderful jurors, Peter Gabak and Joanna Poag. Join us for the opening reception, where $1,000 in cash awards will be announced!
Artists Included:
Deborah Beardslee (NY), Jackie Brown (ME), Christina Cassone (PA), Theresa Devine (AZ), Zach Dietl (NY), Julianne French (FL), Nate Hodge (NY), Ellie Honl (IN), Kristy Hughes (IN), Jim Jacobs (UT), Yasemin Kackar-Demirel (NY), Ella Kampelman (MN), Susan Kaye (NY), Namdoo Kim (NY), Sassoon Kosian (NJ), Tom Kredo (NY), Yoonjee Kwak (NY), Pamela Markman (CA), Vanessa Michalak (MA), Nicole Mongelluzzo (NY), Kelly Nye (OH), Colleen O’Hara (NY), Chris Oliver (NY), Nancy Ridenour (NY), Ruth Simon McRae (GA), Jean Stephens (NY), Susan Stuart (NY), Tracy Wascom (MI), Doerte Weber (TX), Jere Williams (VA)
May 9–June 30, 2015
Opening Reception: Saturday, May 9, 4–7p.m.
+++ DISCLAIMER +++
Nothing you see here is real, even though the conversion or the presented background story might be based historical facts. BEWARE!
Some background:
The North American FJ-4 Fury was a swept-wing carrier-capable fighter-bomber, originally developed for the United States Navy and Marine Corps. It was the final development in a lineage that included the Air Force's F-86 Sabre. The FJ-4 shared its general layout and engine with the earlier FJ-3, but featured an entirely new wing design. And it was, as a kind of final embodiment with the FJ-4B, a very different aircraft from the F-86 .
The first FJ-4 flew on 28 October 1954 and delivery began in February 1955. Of the original order for 221 FJ-4 fighters, the last 71 were modified into the FJ-4B fighter-bomber version, of which the Netherlands received 16 aircraft under the designation FJ-4B from the USA in the course of NATO support. Even though the main roles of the MLD were maritime patrol, anti-submarine warfare and search and rescue, the FJ-4B was a dedicated fighter-bomber, and these aircraft were to be used with the Dutch Navy’s Colossus-Class carrier HNLMS Karel Doorman (R81).
Compared to the lighter FJ-4 interceptor, the FJ-4B had a stronger wing with six instead of four underwing stations, a stronger landing gear and additional aerodynamic brakes under the aft fuselage. The latter made landing safer by allowing pilots to use higher thrust settings, and were also useful for dive attacks. Compared to the FJ-4, external load was doubled, and the US FJ-4Bs were capable of carrying a nuclear weapon on the inboard port station, a feature the MLD Furies lacked. The MLD aircraft were still equipped with the corresponding LABS or Low-Altitude Bombing System for accurate delivery of ordnance.
The Dutch Furies were primarily intended for anti-ship missions (toting up to five of the newly developed ASM-N-7 missiles - renamed in AGM-12B Bullpup after 1962 - plus a guidance pod) and CAS duties against coastal targets, as well as for precision strikes. In a secondary role, the FJ-4B could carry Sidewinder AAMs for interception purposes.
The MLD's FJ-4B became operational in 1956, just in time to enhance the firepower of the Karel Doorman, which just had its 24 WW-II era propeller driven Fairey Firefly strike fighters and Hawker Sea Fury fighter/anti-ship aircraft backed up with 14 TBF Avenger ASW/torpedo bombers and 10 Hawker Sea Hawk fighters (the MLD owned 22 of these) for an ASW/Strike profile. The Furies joined the carrier in late 1957 and replaced the piston-engined attack aircraft.
In 1960, during the Dutch decolonization and planned independence of Western New Guinea, a territory which was also claimed by Indonesia, the Karel Doorman set sail along with two destroyers and a modified oil tanker to 'show the flag'. In order to avoid possible problems with Indonesia's ally Egypt at the Suez Canal, the carrier instead sailed around the horn of Africa. She arrived in Fremantle, Australia, where the local seamen's union struck in sympathy with Indonesia; the crew used the propeller thrust of aircraft chained down on deck to nudge the carrier into dock without tugs! In addition to her air wing, she was ferrying twelve Hawker Hunter fighters to bolster the local Dutch defense forces, which the Karel Doorman delivered when she arrived at Hollandia, New Guinea.
During the 1960 crisis, Indonesia prepared for a military action named Operation Trikora (in the Indonesian language, "Tri Komando Rakyat" means "The Three Commands of the People"). In addition to planning for an invasion, the TNI-AU (Indonesian Air Forces) hoped to sink the Karel Doorman with Soviet-supplied Tupolev Tu-16KS-1 Badger naval bombers using AS-1 Kennel/KS-1 Kometa anti-ship missiles. This bomber-launched missile strike mission was cancelled on short notice, though, because of the implementation of the cease-fire between Indonesia and the Netherlands. This led to a Dutch withdrawal and temporary UN peacekeeping administration, followed by occupation and annexation through Indonesia. While the Dutch aircraft served actively during this conflict, flying patrols and demonstrating presence, visibly armed and in alert condition, no 'hot' sortie or casualty occured, even though one aircraft, 10-18, was lost in a start accident. The pilot ejected safely.
The MLD FJ-4Bs only served on the carrier until its overhaul in 1964, after which the carrier-borne attack role was eliminated and all aircraft were transferred to land bases (Valkenburg) or in reserve storage. The Seahawks were retired from service by the end of the 1960s after the sale of the Karel Doorman to Argentina, and the FJ-4Bs were returned to the United States, where they were re-integrated into the USMC until the end of the 1960ies, when all FJ-4 aircraft were phased out.
General characteristics:
Crew: 1
Length: 36 ft 4 in (11.1 m)
Wingspan: 39 ft 1 in (11.9 m)
Height: 13 ft 11 in (4.2 m)
Wing area: 338.66 ft² (31.46 m²)
Empty weight: 13,210 lb (6,000 kg)
Loaded weight: 20,130 lb (9,200 kg)
Max. take-off weight: 23,700 lb (10,750 kg)
Powerplant: 1 × Wright J65-W-16A turbojet, 7,700 lbf (34 kN)
Performance:
Maximum speed: 680 mph (1,090 km/h) at 35,000 ft (10,670 m)
Range: 2,020 mi (3,250 km) with 2× 200 gal (760 l) drop tanks and 2× AIM-9 missiles
Service ceiling: 46,800 ft (14,300 m)
Rate of climb: 7,660 ft/min (38.9 m/s)
Wing loading: 69.9 lb/ft² (341.7 kg/m²)
Thrust/weight: .325
Armament:
4× 20 mm (0.787 in) cannon
6× pylons under the wings for 3,000 lb (1,400 kg) external ordnance, including up to 6× AIM-9 Sidewinder AAMs, bombs and guided/unguided ASM, e .g. ASM-N-7 (AGM-12B Bullpup) missiles.
The kit and its assembly
Originally, this model project was inspired by a (whiffy) Dutch F3H Demon profile, designed by fellow user Darth Panda at whatifmodelers.com. I found the idea of a foreign/NATO user of one of these early carrier-borne jet fighters very inspiring – not only because of the strange design of many of these aircraft, but also since the USN and USMC had been the only real world users of many of these types.
Initially, I planned to convert a F3H accordingly. But with limited storage/display space at home I decided to apply the MLD idea to another smaller, but maybe even more exotic, type: the North American FJ-4B Fury, which was in 1962 recoded into AF-1E.
I like the beefy Sabre cousin very much. It’s one of those aircraft that received little attention, even from model kit manufacturers. In fact, in 1:72 scale there are only vintage vacu kits or the very basic Emhar kit available. Th Emhar kit, which I used here and which is a kind donation of a fellow modeler (Thanks a lot, André!), a rather rough thing with raised panel lines and much room for improvements. As a side note, there's also a FJ-4B from Revell, but it's just a 1996 re-issue with no improvements, whatsoever.
Another facet of the model: When I did legwork concerning a possible background story, I was surprised to find out that the Netherlands actually operated aircraft carriers in the 1950s, including carrier-borne, fixed-wing aircraft, even jets in the form of Hawker Sea Hawks. The real life FJ-4Bs service introduction, the naissance of NATO and the Indonesian conflict as well as the corresponding intervention of the Karel Doorman carrier all fell into a very plausible time frame – and so there’s a very good and plausible story why the MLD could actually have used the Fury fighter bomber!
The Emhar kit was not modified structurally, but saw some changes in detail. These include a scratch-built cockpit with side walls, side consoles and a new ejection seat, plus a Matchbox pilot figure, a new front wheel (from a Kangnam Yak-38, I believe), plus a lot of added blade aerials and a finer pitot.
The flaps were lowered, for a more lively look- Another new feature is the opened air intake, which features a central splitter - in fact a vertically placed piece of a Vicker Wellesley bomb container from Matchbox. At the rear end, the exhaust pipe was opened and lengthened internally.
The six weapon hardpoints were taken from the original kit, but I did not use the four Sidewinder AAMs and the rather bulky drop tanks. So, all ordnance is new: the Bullpups come from the Hasegawa air-to-ground missile set, the drop tanks are leftover pieces from a Hobby Boss F-86. They are much more 'delicate', and make the Fury look less stout and cumbersome. The guidance pod for the Bullpups (a typical FJ-4B feature with these weapons) is a WWII drop tank, shaped with the help of benchmark pictures. Certainly not perfect, but, hey - it's just a MODEL!
Painting and markings
I used mid-1950ies MLD Sea Furys and Sea Hawks as a design benchmark, but this Fury is placed just into the time frame around 1960 when the MLD introduced a new 3-digit code system. Before that, a code "6-XX" with the XX somewhere in the 70 region would have been appropriate, and I actually painted the fuselage sides a bit darker so as if the old code had recently been painted over.
Dutch MLD aircraft tended to keep their former users’ liveries, but in the FJ-4B’s case I thought that a light grey and white aircraft (USN style) with Dutch roundels would look a bit odd. So I settled for early NATO style with Extra Dark Sea Grey upper sides (Humbrol 123) and Sky from below (Testors 2049 from their Authentic Line).
I also went for an early design style with a low waterline - early Hawker Sea Furies were painted this way, and a high waterline would probably be more typical. But in the face of potential seriosu action, who knows...? Things tend to be toned down quickly, just remember the RN Harriers during the Falkland conflict. I'll admit that the aircraft looks a bit simple and dull now, but this IMHO just adds to the plausible look of this whif. I prefer such subtleties to garish designs.
The surfaces were weathered with dry-brushed lighter shades of the basic tones (mostly Humbrol 79, but also some 140 and 67, and Humbrol 90 and 166 below), including overpainted old codes in a slightly darker tone of EDSG, done with Revell 77. A light wash with black ink emphasizes edges and some details - the machine was not to look worn.
The interior was painted in medium grey (Humbrol 140), the landing gear is white (Humbrol 130), and some details like the air intake rim, the edges of the landing gear covers, the flaps or the tips of the wing fences were painted in bright red (Humbrol 174), for some contrast to the overall grey upper sides.
The MLD markings were puzzled together. The roundels come from an Xtradecal sheet for various Hawker Sea Furies, the '202' code comes, among others, from a Grumman Bearcat aftermarket sheet. The 'KON. MARINE' line is hand-made, letter by letter, from a TL Modellbau aftremarket sheet.
Most stencils and warning sign decals come from the original decal sheet, as well as from a FJ-4 Xtradecal aftermarket sheet, from F-86 kits and the scrap box. I wanted these details to provide the color to the aircraft, so that it would not look too uniform, but still without flashy decorations and like a rather utilarian military item.
finally, the model received a coat of semi-matt varnish (Tamiya Acryllic), since MLD aircraft had a pretty glossy finish. No dirt or soot stains were added - the Dutch kept their (few) shipborne aircraft very clean and tidy!
So, all in all, a simple looking aircraft, but this Dutch Fury has IMHO a certain, subtle charm - probably also because it is a rather rare and unpopular aircraft, which in itself has a certain whiffy aura.
The works presented in the context of this exhibition were created by the artists/designer-researchers (post-master level) of the Digital Research Unit in Art and Design at the Esad Saint-Étienne/Ensba Lyon. This Research Unit, which is unique in France, has the particularity of structurally bringing together two schools to explore questions of digital art and design.
Located in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, this Research Unit includes the Random(lab) of the Esad Saint-Étienne (www.randomlab.io) and the NRV lab of the Ensba Lyon (www.labo-nrv.io).
Credit: tom mesic