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Wimborne Minster, known locally as the Minster, is the parish church of Wimborne, Dorset, England. The Minster has existed for over 1300 years and is recognised for its unusual chained library (one of only four surviving chained libraries in the world. The Minster, a former monastery and Benedictine nunnery, is the resting place of King Ethelred of Wessex.
The Minster is dedicated to Saint Cuthburga, sister to Ina, King of the West Saxons, who founded a Benedictine abbey of nuns at the present day minster in circa A.D. 705. Saint Walpurga was educated in the monastery, where she spent twenty-six years before travelling to Germany, following the missionary call of her mother's brother Saint Boniface. Leoba was also educated in this place. A monastery for men was also built around this time, adjacent to the abbey. Over the next hundred years the abbey and monastery grew in size and importance. In 871 Alfred the Great buried his brother King Ethelred (not the Unready) in the minster. Note that both Alfred and Ethelred were Kings of Wessex.
The women's monastery was destroyed by the Danes in 1013 during one of their incursions into Wessex and never rebuilt, though the main abbey building survived. In 1043 Edward the Confessor founded a college of secular (non-monastic) canons, consisting of a dean, four prebends, four vicars, four deacons, and five singers at the minster. The minster was remodelled and rebuilt by the Normans between 1120 and 1180, to support that institution.
In 1318 Edward II issued a document that made the minster a Royal Peculiar which exempted it from all diocesan jurisdiction. The choir used to wear scarlet robes, a legacy of this 'Peculiar'. Similar robes of this type are worn in Westminster Abbey and St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle. In 1496 Lady Margaret Beaufort, granddaughter of John of Gaunt and mother of Henry VII, founded a small chapel in the minster. With the reign of Henry VIII the remaining parts of the monastery were adopted into part of the minster to avoid being destroyed. However much of the wealth of the minster was confiscated by King Henry VIII.
Sixty six years later in 1562 a grant was obtained from Queen Elizabeth I by which part of the property formerly belonging to the college, together with all ecclesiastical rights and prerogatives was returned to Wimborne and vested in twelve governors. The charter was surrendered to James I and a new charter was obtained from Charles I at a cost of £1000 with the addition of an organist and singing men. During the English Civil War, when Charles I was beheaded his coat of arms was painted out from the wall of the minster, but on the restoration of Charles II the arms were speedily replaced and have now been restored.
In 1846 the Royal Peculiar was abolished, and now all that remains of the old order is the control by 12 governors of some of the minster affairs. The church was renovated towards the end of the 19th century and its last addition, a vestry was added at the same time. Today the church is a place of visit and worship for the local community and visitors.
The central tower and nave were founded in Saxon times, but the surviving building is predominantly Norman in design and construction, with Gothic components from various periods. One of its more famous architectural features include a working astronomical clock, which rings every hour and is represented in the form of a colourful quarterjack. The minster is built in a combination of Dorset limestone and New Forest stone.
The central length of the minster is 198 feet. The width, except the transepts, varies from 23 feet in the nave to 21 in the choir. The western tower of the minster is 95 feet high. The smaller tower of the minster, above the transepts, is 84 feet. The thirteenth-century spire which once topped this tower fell down in a storm around 1600.
Until it was confiscated during Henry VIII's reign; the old Treasury held the wealth of the minster, and since 1686 it has housed an important chained library. The chained library was one of the first public libraries in the UK, and it remains the second largest.[2] Some of the collections of the library include a manuscript written on lambskin in 1343, a book bound for the Court of Henry VIII, an incunabulum printed in 1495 on the works of Saint Anselm, and a Paraphrase of Erasmus printed in 1522 with a title page designed by Holbein.
The library is run by volunteers and remains open to the public.
Since 1911 the west tower at the minster has been home to a ring of ten bells.[3] The original tenor bell was housed in the central tower and was cast in 1385. The central tower was considered too structurally weak to add much more additional weight, so in 1464 the west tower was constructed in order to house five bells.[3] In the 1629 the tenor bell was recast. Besides the tenor, the minster at this time was home to the 'Bell of St. Cuthburga', 'The Fyfer Bell', 'The Jesus Bell' and 'The Morrow Mass Bell'; presumably all housed in the west tower.
The organ was originally built in 1664 by Robert Hayward, of Bath. There are a number of ranks of pipes, still functioning in the present instrument, which date from this time. Originally, the organ stood upon a screen which separated the nave from the choir. However, in 1856 the organist at that time (Mr. F. Blount) removed the instrument and re-sited it in the south choir aisle. J. W. Walker & Sons rebuilt and enlarged the organ in 1866 and carried out further work in 1899, when a new case to house the Choir Organ was provided. This was designed by Walter J. Fletcher, F.R.I.B.A. In 1965, a major rebuilding and re-designing of the instrument took place, the work again being undertaken by J. W. Walker & Sons. Perhaps the most striking feature of the present instrument is the Orchestral Trumpet, which is mounted horizontally above the front pipes. The current specification of the organ can be found on the National Pipe Organ Register.
Wimborne Minster is the home of Wimborne Minster Astronomical Clock, one of a group of famous 14th to 16th century astronomical clocks to be found in the west of England. (See also Salisbury, Wells, Exeter, and Ottery St Mary.)
The clock's case was built in the Elizabethan era, but the face and dial are of a much greater age; the first documents relating to the clock concern repairs carried out in 1409.[4] The face utilizes a pre-Copernican display, with a centrally placed earth orbited by the sun and stars.
It is currently maintained by notable Wimborne resident Bruce Jensen.
The most important tomb in the church is that of King Ethelred, the brother of Alfred the Great. Ethelred was mortally wounded in a battle at Martin, near Cranborne. The exact location of the tomb however is unknown, though sources and legend indicate that it resides somewhere near the altar. A 14th-century metal brass memorial next to the altar states that the former king is buried in the wall and is the only brass to mark the burial site of an English monarch. Two other important tombs are also in the minster: they are those of John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset, and his duchess, the maternal grandparents of King Henry VII of England, constructed out of alabaster and Purbeck Marble.
A 96th Civil Engineer Squadron firefighter climbs onto a ladder during an annual structural fire training event April 12, at Eglin Air Force Base, Fla. Firefighters completed the training by entering the training facility filled with smoke to find and rescue victims and put out a fire. (U.S. Air Force photo/Samuel King Jr.)
Derby's parish church of All Saints was one of the last of the 'parish church cathedrals' (to form new dioceses several major city churches were upgraded and adapted to cathedral status in the early 20th century, the practical alternative to constructing new purpose built cathedrals) . It became cathedral in 1927, but owing to the war plans to enlarge the building to fit it's new status were shelved until 1972 when a new chancel and offices were built. The impression still is however that of a civic parish church, albeit an especially grand and beautiful one.
Though there has been a church here since c943, the oldest part of the present building dates to 1510-30; the west tower is a soaring landmark and one of the tallest medieval towers in the country, as well as are particularly rich example of late Perpendicular gothic, decorated with much panelling and ornament in it's upper part.
The rest of the medieval building was totally demolished and replaced in 1725 with the present classical-inspired building designed by James Gibbs and built by Francis Smith of Warwick. The nave and aisles are of equal height and flooded with light from mostly clear glazed windows and spanned by a plaster vault. Many of it's original furnishings survive, such as the fine wrought iron chancel screen by Robert Bakewell that extends across the entire width of the church, since there was no structural division between chancel and nave.
The new chancel, built to the designs of Sebastian Comper in 1972, replaced the original flat east wall with it's 'Venetian window' and adds a greater sense of space and light, though one's eye is drawn first to Comper's ciborium or baldachino over the high altar immediately in front of it.
Around the same time two striking new abstract stained glass windows were installed on either side at the east end of both aisles, designed by Ceri Richards and interpreted in glass by Patrick Reyntiens (these were to have been complement in the 1980s by further abstract glass by Brian Clarke in the round windows at the west end, but discussions came to an abrupt halt after some uncompromising language from the artist!).
There is a good collections of monuments, including a few from the previous church, most important being the grand tomb of the legendary Bess of Hardwick in the south aisle. The earliest monument is the early 16th century wooden tomb nearby of Sub Dean Johnson (the effigy is damaged but includes a fine series of weepers on the tomb chest). Other memorials of the Baroque period are also worthy of note, foremost being the Countess of Bessborough monument by Rysbrack..
FORT NORFOLK, Va. – For years, Mother Nature’s fury has steadily eroded the structural integrity of the Fort Norfolk pier and wharf area, seriously degrading its operational effectiveness and jeopardizing its safe operation. Broken, crumbling and missing pilings; underneath pier foundation completely deteriorated; wharf top cap rotten away; mooring fasteners and piling bolts – gone! That was then. Today, new state-of-the-art structural upgrades expand the facility’s operation and extend its useful life for up to 15 years. The Fort Norfolk Bulkhead and Pier Repair project, under the design and construction management of Norfolk District, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, began work in October 2011, and was completed ahead of schedule and more than $150,000 under budget. The Corps’ prime contractor, Team Henry Enterprises, LLC, based in Newport News, Va., is an 8A minority-owned small business. The project marked the first time Team Henry had performed work for Norfolk District, but their land work experience extended to other federal and state agencies. Completing the project ahead of schedule and below budget was no surprise to Steven Baum, Norfolk District’s project manager.
- Structural Supports fabricated for an aluminum smelter plant located in Iceland
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- Process piping is secured by u-bolts to the slotted supports
- Three coat paint system applied
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I've been walking past this wall for two years now, constantly reminding myself to shoot it at some point, thinking first how nice it looked in the fall, then how stark it looked in the winter, then how glorious it would look in IR in the spring/summer, then again how spectacular it was in the fall, and finally how fragile it seems this winter. Glad I finally got around to it, and I think I got it just right.
I highly recommend viewing the details in the ORGNL
For scientists, one of the challenging aspects of studying aerosols is that the particles can change drastically as they age. This illustration shows the evolution of freshly-burned black carbon, which starts out with a distinctive chain-like structure. Over time, the chain begins to collapse and becomes more spherical. Such transformations can take place in short periods, and can alter how a given particle affects our health and the climate.
Image Information: More details are available in this Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer article (pdf). Credit: Goddard Institute for Space Studies/Li Liu
--Adam Voiland, Goddard Space Flight Center
A 96th Civil Engineer Squadron firefighter checks for heat on the door before entering a building during an annual structural fire training event April 12, at Eglin Air Force Base, Fla. Firefighters completed the training by entering the training facility filled with smoke to find and rescue victims and put out a fire. (U.S. Air Force photo/Samuel King Jr.)
Loughborough University Business School site constructing structural frames
This image is part of the CalVisual for Construction Image Archive. For more information visit www.engsc.ac.uk/resources/calvisual/index.asp
Author: Loughborough University
Here's the view from the far side of the bridge. The two cranes are carefully operating in the space between the railroad trestle and the existing Innerbelt Bridge. A little cramped for handling loads of this size, but our experienced crane operators are up to the challenge.
Temporary lights light the work space during night work. When the bridge is complete, a state-of-the-art LED lighting system will illuminte the new bridge.
Hillside House is an extensive residential expansion for a home owned by an energy consultant. Structural insulated panels (SIPs) not only provided the structural integrity and energy efficiency sought by the owner and architect, this pre-engineered framing system achieved clean and elegant building forms and lines, and allowed for exterior and interior finishes that are almost impossible to obtain in conventional framing. SIPs worked in concert with steel beams and structural supports, and provided embed cavities to hide certain steel beam conditions to gain certain design effects. The roof panels were tapered to provide a smooth slope to the roof, barring any ‘stepped’ roof design or interior ceiling height changes. Rain gutters were channeled into the SIPs to remove their visibility. Extensive use of can lighting required special chase fabrication into the roof panels to accommodate fixtures. The expertise of SHELL Building Systems with SIP design, engineering and fabrication accomplished the intricate details sought by the owner and architect.
Project Type: Custom Residential / Addition to Existing Structure
Project Size: 2,142 SF Addition
Location: Portola Valley, CA
Architect: fieldARCHITECTURE
Structural Engineer: Peter Boyce
SIP Provider: SHELL Building Systems
Tech Support:SHELL Building Systems
General Constractor: MCH Construction
SIP Use: Exterior & Interior Walls + Roof
# of Structural Panels: 6,128
Photographer: Bruce Damonte Photography
FORT NORFOLK, Va. – For years, Mother Nature’s fury has steadily eroded the structural integrity of the Fort Norfolk pier and wharf area, seriously degrading its operational effectiveness and jeopardizing its safe operation. Broken, crumbling and missing pilings; underneath pier foundation completely deteriorated; wharf top cap rotten away; mooring fasteners and piling bolts – gone! That was then. Today, new state-of-the-art structural upgrades expand the facility’s operation and extend its useful life for up to 15 years. The Fort Norfolk Bulkhead and Pier Repair project, under the design and construction management of Norfolk District, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, began work in October 2011, and was completed ahead of schedule and more than $150,000 under budget. The Corps’ prime contractor, Team Henry Enterprises, LLC, based in Newport News, Va., is an 8A minority-owned small business. The project marked the first time Team Henry had performed work for Norfolk District, but their land work experience extended to other federal and state agencies. Completing the project ahead of schedule and below budget was no surprise to Steven Baum, Norfolk District’s project manager.
Here's the view from the far side. You can begin to see the elegant shape of the new bridge that will be a remarkable addition to the Cleveland bridge inventory!
RAF MILDENHALL, England -- Senior Airman Vincente Andrade, 100th Civil Engineer Squadron structural journeyman from Emeryville, Calif., cuts a piece of wood here April 15, 2013. The structures shop maintains all the doors, windows, framing walls and woodwork on base. (U.S. Air Force photo/Gina Randall)
Structure Drawing Models provides free sample house drawings, free structure framings drawings, Free mechanical drawing software, custom steel design and fabrication, Exterior shutters and plumbing projects.
- Structural Supports fabricated for an aluminum smelter plant located in Iceland
- Designed to support a process piping system
- Process piping is secured by u-bolts to the slotted supports
- Three coat paint system applied
A word of thanks to the farmer involved & his team who were sowing Potatoes near Ballyhooly County Cork
Industrial Photography "Structural Integrity" - abstract view of an abandoned coal mining facility, lost to modern ways but not forgotten in history.
After another night of steel erection, the bridge now sports TWO closure girders between Pier 5 and Pier 6. We'll have to wait for the next railroad outage to set the other three closure girders for this span.
PictionID:55548973 - Catalog:14_036998 - Title:GD/Astronautics Testing Details: O.A.O. Nose Fairing Panels; Test Failures Date: 12/02/1965 - Filename:14_036998.tif - ---- Images from the Convair/General Dynamics Astronautics Atlas Negative Collection. The processing, cataloging and digitization of these images has been made possible by a generous National Historical Publications and Records grant from the National Archives and Records Administration---Please Tag these images so that the information can be permanently stored with the digital file.---Repository: San Diego Air and Space Museum
The Institution of Structural Engineer's Young Structural Engineering Professional Award - Winner Kayin Dawoodi. © Bridges to Prosperity (www.BridgesToProsperity.org)