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San Pietro di Sorres
La facciata si sviluppa in uno schema geometrico ripartito su quattro livelli di cui i primi tre sono ritmati da arcate e l’ultimo, liscio, termina con un timpano al cui centro sta un occhio circolare con una croce in pietra.
La bifora del secondo ordine denuncia influssi orientali nella forma degli archetti.
La parte alta della facciata evidenzia il secondo intervento, realizzato per terminare la costruzione con l’elevazione della navata centrale.
San Pietro di Sorres
The facade develops in a geometric pattern spread over four levels of which the first three are punctuated by arches and the last, smooth, ends with a tympanum in the center of which is a circular eye with a stone cross.
The mullioned window of the second order reveals oriental influences in the shape of the arches.
The upper part of the façade highlights the second intervention, made to finish the construction with the elevation of the central nave.
Aquí tenéis la segunda parte...mil gracias por pasaros y por comentar!!! si tenéis alguna duda ya sabéis donde estoy!!!
Palazzo El Bahia.
Il palazzo è suddiviso in edifici costruiti secondo uno schema che pare quasi disordinato, senza un ordine costituito, organizzati intorno a diversi cortili o giardini lussureggianti dove vi sono alberi di arancio, banano, cipresso, ibisco e gelsomini irrigati da qanāt.
Questi giardini dividono l'insieme di stanze, scuderie, moschee e ḥammām che costituiscono il complesso.
El Bahia Palace.
The palace is divided into buildings built according to a scheme that seems almost disorderly, without a constituted order, organized around various courtyards or lush gardens where there are orange, banana, cypress, hibiscus and jasmine trees irrigated by qanāt.
These gardens divide the set of rooms, stables, mosques and ḥammām that make up the complex.
IMG_0892m
Lupinus, commonly known as lupin, lupine, or regionally bluebonnet etc., is a genus of plants in the legume family Fabaceae. The genus includes over 199 species, with centers of diversity in North and South America. Smaller centers occur in North Africa and the Mediterranean. They are widely cultivated, both as a food source and as ornamental plants, but are invasive to some areas.
Description
The species are mostly herbaceous perennial plants 0.3–1.5 metres (1–5 feet) tall, but some are annual plants and a few are shrubs up to 3 m (10 ft) tall. An exception is the chamis de monte (Lupinus jaimehintonianus) of Oaxaca in Mexico, which is a tree up to 8 m (26 ft) tall.
Lupins have soft green to grey-green leaves which may be coated in silvery hairs, often densely so. The leaf blades are usually palmately divided into five to 28 leaflets, or reduced to a single leaflet in a few species of the southeastern United States and eastern South America.
The flowers are produced in dense or open whorls on an erect spike, each flower 1–2 centimetres (3⁄8–3⁄4 inch) long. The pea-like flowers have an upper standard, or banner, two lateral wings, and two lower petals fused into a keel. The flower shape has inspired common names such as bluebonnets and quaker bonnets.
The fruit is a pod containing several seeds. The seeds contain alkaloids which lend them a bitter taste.
Taxonomy
Main article: List of Lupinus species
The genus Lupinus L. and, in particular, its North American species were divided by Sereno Watson (1873) into three sections: Lupinus, Platycarpos, and Lupinnelus. Differences in habitat and in the number of ovules were the basis for this classification. A majority of the perennial and annual species from the American continent described by Watson were referred to Lupinus. Some annual species with two ovules in the ovary and two seeds in the pod (L. densiflorus, L. microcarpus, etc.) were attributed to the Platycarpos section. Section Lupinnelus consisted of one species (L. uncialis), with axillary and solitary flowers, scarcely reflexed banner, and also with two ovules in the ovary.
While Watson's work was predominantly based on study of North American species, the later research of Ascherson and Graebner (1907) extended his principle of classification to cover all lupins from the Eastern and Western Hemispheres, also using number of ovules (seedbuds) in the ovary (and thus of seeds in the pod) as the criterion for this division. They described two subgenera, Eulupinus and Platycarpos. Most of the described species were referred to subgen. A. Eulupinus. Subgen. B. Platycarpos included several annual species from the Eastern Hemisphere with two seedbuds and seeds in the bean (the same species, as the one specified by S. Watson).
A current schema retains this distinction, but uses the nomenclature for the subgenera of Platycarpos and Lupinus. In this schema, subgenus Platycarpos (S.Wats.) Kurl. contains perennial and annual species from the Western Hemisphere, with a minimum two or more ovules or seedbuds. Subgenus Lupinus consists of 12 species from Africa and the Mediterranean, with a minimum of four ovules or seedbuds.
The taxonomy of Lupinus has always been confusing. How many distinct species exist or how they might be organized within the genus is not clear. The plants are variable and the taxa are not always distinct from one another. Some American taxa have been described as complexes rather than separate species. Estimates of the number of lupine species generally fall between 200 and 500. One authority places the estimate at approximately 267 species worldwide. Currently, two subgenera are recognized.
Main article: Lupinus subg. Platycarpos
The ovary contains two and more ovules or seedbuds. The seed are predominantly small-sized, with an underdeveloped embryo and small amount of endosperm. Cotyledons are small-sized, with long caulicles. The first pair of true leaves is alternate. The stem is predominantly naked with waxen coating. Dominating is the monopodial type of branching. Leaflets are smooth, with waxen coating or slight pubescence, predominantly narrow. Pods are flat or orbicular, with two or more seeds. Represented by frutcuilose, fruticose and herbaceous perennial forms, or less often annual ones. Plants are cross-pollinated. Chromosome number 2n is either 36, 48, or 96. This subgenus is distributed throughout North, Central and South America, predominantly in the mining systems of the Andes and Cordillera. Some species are cultivated (L. mutabilis, L. polyphyllus). This subgenus includes several hundred species, requiring further analysis of their authenticity.
It comprises the following species.
Lupinus aberrans C.P. Sm.
Lupinus abramsii C.P. Sm. – Abrams' lupine
Lupinus acopalcus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus adinoanthus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus adsurgens Drew – Drew's silky lupine
Lupinus affinis J. Agardh – fleshy lupine
Lupinus agardhianus A. Heller
Lupinus alaristatus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus albert-smithianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus albescens Hook. & Arn. – hoary lupine
Lupinus albicaulis Douglas – sickle-keel lupine
Lupinus albifrons Benth. – silver bush lupine
var. albifrons Benth.
var. douglasii (J. Agardh) C. P. Sm.
var. hallii (Abrams) Isely
Lupinus albopilosus A. Heller
Lupinus albosericeus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus alcis-montis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus aliamandus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus aliattenuatus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus alibicolor C.P. Sm.
Lupinus aliceae C.P. Sm.
Lupinus alilatissimus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus alinanus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus alipatulus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus alirevolutus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus alivillosus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus allargyreius C.P. Sm.
Lupinus alopecuroides Desr.
Lupinus alpestris A. Nelson[11]
Lupinus altimontanus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus altiplani C.P. Sm.
Lupinus amabayensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus amandus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus amboensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus ammophilus Greene
var. ammophilus Greene
var. crassus (Payson) Isely
Lupinus amnis-otuni C.P. Sm.
Lupinus ampaiensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus amphibius Suksd.
Lupinus ananeanus Ulbr.
Lupinus anatolicus W. Święcicki & W. K. Święcicki
Lupinus andersonii S. Watson – Anderson's lupine
Lupinus andicola Gillies
Lupinus andinus Rose ex J. F. Macbr.
Lupinus angustiflorus Eastw. – narrowflower lupine
Lupinus antensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus antiplani C. P. Sm.
Lupinus antoninus Eastw. – Anthony Peak lupine
Lupinus apertus A. Heller
Lupinus appositus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus arboreus Sims – yellow bush lupin, tree lupine
Lupinus arbustus Lindl. – longspur lupine
subsp. arbustus Lindl.
subsp. neolaxiflorus D.B.Dunn
subsp. pseudoparviflorus (Rydb.) D.B.Dunn
Lupinus arbutosocius C.P. Sm.
Lupinus archeranus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus arcticus S. Watson – Arctic lupine
subsp. arcticus S. Watson
subsp. subalpinus (Piper & Robinson)D.B.Dunn
Lupinus arenarius Gardner
Lupinus arequipensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus argenteus Pursh – silvery lupine
var. argentatus (Rydb.) Barneby
var. argenteus Pursh
var. argophyllus (A. Gray) S. Watson
var. depressus (Rydb.) C. L. Hitchc.
var. fulvomaculatus (Payson) Barneby
var. heteranthus (S. Watson) Barneby – Kellogg's spurred lupine
var. hillii (Greene) Barneby
var. holosericeus (Torr. & A.Gray) Barneby
var. montigenus (A. Heller) Barneby
var. palmeri (S.Watson) Barneby
var. rubricaulis (Greene) S. L. Welsh
var. utahensis (S.Watson) Barneby
Lupinus argurocalyx C.P. Sm.
Lupinus aridorum McFarlin ex Beckner – scrub lupine
Lupinus aridulus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus aridus Lindl.
Lupinus ariste-josephii C.P. Sm.
Lupinus arizelus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus arizonicus (S. Watson) S. Watson
subsp. arizonicus (S. Watson) S. Watson – Arizona lupine
subsp. sonorensis Christian & D. Dunn – Sonora lupine
Lupinus arvensi-plasketti C.P. Sm.
Lupinus arvensis Benth.
Lupinus asa-grayanus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus aschenbornii S. Schauer
Lupinus asplundianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus asymbepus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus atropurpureus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus attenuatus Gardner
Lupinus aureonitens Hook. & Arn.
Lupinus austrobicolor C.P. Sm.
Lupinus austrohumifusus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus austrorientalis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus austrosericeus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus ballianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus bandelierae C.P. Sm.
Lupinus bangii Rusby
Lupinus barbatilabius C.P. Sm.
Lupinus barkeri Lindl.
Lupinus bartlettianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus benthamii A. Heller
Lupinus bi-inclinatus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus bicolor Lindl. – miniature lupine, bicolor lupine, Lindley's annual lupine
subsp. bicolor Lindl.
subsp. microphyllus (S. Watson) D. B. Dunn
subsp. pipersmithii (A. Heller) D. B. Dunn
subsp. umbellatus (Greene) D. B. Dunn
Lupinus bingenensis Suksd. – Bingen lupine
Lupinus blaisdellii Eastw.
Lupinus bogotensis Benth.
Lupinus bolivianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus bombycinocarpus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus bonplandius C.P. Sm.
Lupinus boyacensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus brachypremnon C.P. Sm.
Lupinus bracteolaris Desr.
Lupinus brandegeei Eastw.
Lupinus brevecuneus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus brevicaulis S. Watson – shortstem lupine[15]
Lupinus brevior (Jeps.) Christian & D.B. Dunn
Lupinus breviscapus Ulbr.
Lupinus breweri A. Gray – Brewer's lupine
Lupinus bryoides C.P. Sm.
Lupinus buchtienii Rusby
Lupinus burkartianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus burkei S. Watson – Burke's lupine
Lupinus burkeri Lindl.
Lupinus caballoanus B.L. Turner
Lupinus cachupatensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus cacuminis Standl.
Lupinus caeruleus A. Heller
Lupinus caesius Eastw.
Lupinus caespitosus Torr. & A. Gray – stemless dwarf lupine
Lupinus calcensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus caldasensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus camiloanus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus campestris Schltdl. & Cham.
Lupinus carazensis Ulbr.
Lupinus carchiensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus cardenasianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus carhuamayus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus carlos-ochoae C.P. Sm.
Lupinus carpapaticus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus carrikeri C.P. Sm.
Lupinus caucensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus cavicaulis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus ccorilazensis Vargas ex C. P. Smith
Lupinus celsimontanus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus cervinus Kellogg – Santa Lucia lupine
Lupinus cesar-vargasii C.P. Sm.
Lupinus cesaranus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus chachas C.P. Sm.
Lupinus chamissonis Eschsch. – Chamisso bush lupine
Lupinus chavanillensis (J.F. Macbr.) C.P. Sm.
Lupinus chipaquensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus chlorolepis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus chocontensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus chongos-bajous C.P. Sm.
Lupinus christinae A. Heller
Lupinus chrysanthus Ulbr.
Lupinus chrysocalyx C.P. Sm.
Lupinus chumbivilcensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus citrinus Kellogg – orange lupine
Lupinus clarkei Oerst.
Lupinus cochapatensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus colcabambensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus collinus (Greene) A. Heller
Lupinus colombiensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus compactiflorus Rose
Lupinus comptus Benth.
Lupinus concinnus J. Agardh
subsp. concinnus J. Agardh
subsp. orcuttii (S.Watson) D.B.Dunn
Lupinus condensiflorus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus confertus Kellogg
Lupinus congdonii (C.P. Sm.) D.B. Dunn
Lupinus conicus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus constancei T.W. Nelson & J.P. Nelson – Lassics lupine
Lupinus convencionensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus cookianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus coriaceus Benth.
Lupinus costaricensis D.B. Dunn
Lupinus cotopaxiensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus couthouyanus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus covillei Greene – shaggy lupine
Lupinus crassulus Greene
Lupinus crassus Payson
Lupinus croceus Eastw. – saffron-flowered lupine
Lupinus crotalarioides Benth.
Lupinus crucis-viridis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus cuatrecasasii C.P. Sm.
Lupinus culbertsonii Greene
subsp. culbertsonii Greene
subsp. hypolasius (Greene) B.J.Cox
Lupinus cumulicola Small
Lupinus cusickii S. Watson
subsp. abortivus (Greene) B.J.Cox
subsp. brachypodus (Piper) B.J.Cox
subsp. cusickii S. Watson
Lupinus cuspidatus Rusby
Lupinus cuzcensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus cymboides C.P. Sm.
Lupinus czermakii Briq. & Hochr.
Lupinus dalesiae Eastw. – Quincy lupine
Lupinus decemplex C.P. Sm.
Lupinus decurrens Gardner
Lupinus deflexus Congdon
Lupinus delicatulus Sprague & Riley
Lupinus densiflorus Benth. – dense-flowered lupine
subsp. densiflorus Benth.
subsp. lacteus (Kellogg) R.M.Beauch.
Lupinus depressus Rydb.
Lupinus diasemus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus diehlii M.E. Jones
Lupinus diffusus Nutt. – spreading lupine, Oak Ridge lupine, sky-blue lupine
Lupinus disjunctus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus diversalpicola C.P. Sm.
Lupinus dorae C.P. Sm.
Lupinus dotatus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus duranii Eastw. – Mono Lake lupine
Lupinus dusenianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus eanophyllus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus edysomatus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus egens C.P. Sm.
Lupinus elaphoglossum Barneby
Lupinus elatus I.M. Johnst. – tall silky lupine
Lupinus elegans Kunth – elegant lupine
Lupinus elegantulus Eastw.
Lupinus ellsworthianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus elmeri Greene – Elmer's lupine
Lupinus eramosus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus erectifolius C.P. Sm.
Lupinus eremonomus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus eriocalyx (C.P. Sm.) C.P. Sm.
Lupinus eriocladus Ulbr.
Lupinus evermannii Rydb.
Lupinus espinarensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus exaltatus Zucc.
Lupinus excubitus M.E. Jones – grape soda lupine
subsp. austromontanus (A.Heller) R.M.Beauch.
subsp. excubitus M.E. Jones
Lupinus exochus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus expetendus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus extrarius C.P. Sm.
Lupinus falsomutabilis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus falsoprostratus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus falsorevolutus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus famelicus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus fiebrigianus Ulbr.
Lupinus fieldii J.F. Macbr.
Lupinus fissicalyx A. Heller
Lupinus flavoculatus A. Heller
Lupinus foliolosus Benth.
Lupinus formosus Greene – summer lupine
var. bridgesii (S.Watson) Greene
var. formosus Greene
Lupinus fragrans A. Heller
Lupinus francis-whittieri C.P. Sm.
Lupinus fratrum C.P. Sm.
Lupinus fulcratus Greene
Lupinus gachetensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus garfieldensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus gaudichaudianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus gayanus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus gentryanus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus geophilus Rose
Lupinus gibertianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus giganteus Rose
Lupinus glabratus J. Agardh
Lupinus goodspeedii J.F. Macbr.
Lupinus gormanii Piper
Lupinus gracilentus Greene
Lupinus grayi S. Watson – Sierra lupine
Lupinus grauensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus grisebachianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus guadalupensis C.P. Sm. – Guadalupe Island lupine
Lupinus guaraniticus (Hassl.) C.P. Sm.
Lupinus guascensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus guggenheimianus Rusby
Lupinus hamaticalyx C.P. Sm.
Lupinus hartmannii C.P. Sm.
Lupinus hartwegii Lindl.
Lupinus haughtianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus hautcarazensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus havardii S. Watson
Lupinus hazenanus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus hendersonii Eastw.
Lupinus heptaphyllus (Vell.) Hassl.
Lupinus herreranus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus herzogii Ulbr.
Lupinus hieronymii C.P. Sm.
Lupinus hilarianus Benth.
Lupinus hillii Greene
Lupinus hinkleyorum C.P. Sm.
Lupinus hintoniorum B.L. Turner
Lupinus hirsutissimus Benth. – stinging lupine
Lupinus holmgrenianus C.P. Sm. – Holmgren's lupine
Lupinus honoratus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus horizontalis A. Heller
Lupinus hornemanni J. Agardh
Lupinus hortonianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus hortorum C.P. Sm.
Lupinus howard-scottii C.P. Sm.
Lupinus howardii M.E. Jones
Lupinus huachucanus M.E. Jones
Lupinus huancayoensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus huariacus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus huaronensis J.F. Macbr.
Lupinus huigrensis Rose ex C. P. Sm.
Lupinus humifusus Sessé & Moc. ex G. Don
Lupinus hyacinthinus C.F. Baker – San Jacinto lupine
Lupinus hybridus Lem.
Lupinus ignobilis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus imminutus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus indigoticus Eastw.
Lupinus inflatus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus insignis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus insulae C.P. Sm.
Lupinus interruptus Benth.
Lupinus intortus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus inusitatus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus involutus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus inyoensis A. Heller
Lupinus isabelianus Eastw.
Lupinus jahnii Rose ex Pittier
Lupinus jaimehintoniana B.L. Turner
Lupinus james-westii C.P. Sm.
Lupinus jean-julesii C.P. Sm.
Lupinus jelskianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus johannis-howellii C.P. Sm.
Lupinus jonesii Rydb.
Lupinus jujuyensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus juninensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus kalenbornorum C.P. Sm.
Lupinus kellermanianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus kerrii Eastw.
Lupinus killipianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus kingii S. Watson
Lupinus klamathensis Eastw.
Lupinus kunthii J. Agardh
Lupinus kuschei Eastw. – Yukon lupine
Lupinus lacus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus laetus Wooton & Standl.
Lupinus laevigatus Benth.
Lupinus lagunae-negrae C.P. Sm.
Lupinus lanatocarpus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus lanatus Benth.
Lupinus lapidicola A. Heller – Mt. Eddy lupine
Lupinus latifolius J. Agardh
subsp. dudleyi (C.P.Sm.) P.Kenney & D.B.Dunn
subsp. latifolius J. Agardh
var. latifolius J. Agardh – broadleaf lupine
var. barbatus – Klamath lupine, bearded lupine
subsp. leucanthus (Rydb.)P.Kenney & D.B.Dunn
subsp. longipes (Greene) P.Kenney & D.B.Dunn
subsp. parishii (C.P.Sm.) P.Kenney & D.B.Dunn
subsp. viridifolius (A.Heller) P.Kenney & D.B.Dunn
Lupinus laudandrus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus lechlerianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus ledigianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus lelandsmithii Eastw.
Lupinus lemmonii C.P. Sm.
Lupinus lepidus Lindl. – prairie lupine
var. aridus (Douglas) Jeps.
var. confertus (Kellogg) C. P. Sm.
var. lepidus Lindl.
var. lobbii (A. Gray ex S. Watson) C. L. Hitchc.
var. sellulus (Kellogg) Barneby
var. utahensis (S. Watson) C. L. Hitchc.
Lupinus leptocarpus Benth.
Lupinus leptophyllus Cham. & Schltdl.
Lupinus lespedezoides C.P. Sm.
Lupinus leucophyllus Lindl. – woolly-leaf lupine
Lupinus lilacinus A. Heller
Lupinus lindenianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus lindleyanus J. Agardh
Lupinus linearis Desr.
Lupinus littoralis Lindl. – seashore lupine
Lupinus lobbianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus longifolius (S. Watson) Abrams – longleaf bush lupine
Lupinus lorenzensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus ludovicianus Greene – San Luis Obispo County Lupine
Lupinus luetzelburgianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus luteolus Kellogg – butter lupine, pale yellow lupine
Lupinus lutescens C.P. Sm.
Lupinus lutosus A. Heller
Lupinus lyallii A. Gray
subsp. alcis-temporis (C.P. Sm.) B.J.Cox
subsp. lyallii A. Gray – Lyall's lupine
subsp. minutifolius (Eastw.) B.J.Cox
subsp. washoensis (A.Heller) B.J.Cox
Lupinus macbrideanus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus macranthus Rose
Lupinus maculatus Rydb.
Lupinus madrensis Seem.
Lupinus magdalenensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus magnificus M.E. Jones
Lupinus magniflorus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus magnistipulatus Planchuelo & D.B. Dunn
Lupinus malacophyllus Greene
Lupinus malacotrichus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus maleopinatus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus mandonanus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus mantaroensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus marinensis Eastw.
Lupinus mariposanus Eastw.
Lupinus martensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus martinetianus (C.P. Sm.) C.P. Sm.
Lupinus mathewsianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus matucanicus Ulbr.
Lupinus meionanthus A. Gray
Lupinus melaphyllus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus menziesii J. Agardh
Lupinus meridanus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus metensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus mexicanus Lag.
Lupinus michelianus C. P. Sm.
Lupinus microcarpus Sims
var. densiflorus
var. microcarpus – wide-bannered lupin, chick lupin
Lupinus microphyllus Desr.
Lupinus minimus Hook.
Lupinus mirabilis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus misticola Ulbr.
Lupinus mollendoensis Ulbr.
Lupinus mollis A. Heller
Lupinus monensis Eastw.
Lupinus monserratensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus montanus Kunth
subsp. glabrior (S.Watson) D.B.Dunn & Harmon
subsp. montanus Kunth
subsp. montesii (C.P.Sm.) D.B.Dunn & Harmon
Lupinus monticola Rydb.
Lupinus montigenus A. Heller
Lupinus moritzianus Kunth
Lupinus mucronulatus Howell
Lupinus muelleri Standl.
Lupinus multiflorus Desr.
Lupinus munzianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus munzii Eastw.
Lupinus mutabilis Sweet – Andean lupin, pearl lupin, South American lupin, tarwi, tarhui, chocho
Lupinus nanus Benth. – dwarf lupin, field lupin, sky lupin, Douglas' annual lupin
Lupinus navicularius A. Heller
Lupinus nehmadae C.P. Sm.
Lupinus neocotus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus neomexicanus Greene
Lupinus nepubescens C.P. Sm.
Lupinus nevadensis A. Heller – Nevada lupine
Lupinus niederleinianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus nipomensis Eastw. – Nipomo Mesa lupine
Lupinus niveus S. Watson
Lupinus nonoensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus nootkatensis Sims – Nootka lupin
Lupinus notabilis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus nubigenus Kunth
Lupinus nubilorum C.P. Sm.
Lupinus obscurus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus obtusilobus A. Heller – bluntlobe lupine
Lupinus ochoanus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus ochroleucus Eastw.
Lupinus odoratus A. Heller – royal Mojave lupin
Lupinus onustus S. Watson – Plumas lupine
Lupinus opertospicus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus oquendoanus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus oreganus A. Heller – Oregon lupine
Lupinus oreophilus Phil.
Lupinus ornatus Lindl.
Lupinus oscar-haughtii C.P. Sm.
Lupinus ostiofluminis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus otto-buchtienii C.P. Sm.
Lupinus otto-kuntzeanus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus otuzcoensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus ovalifolius Benth.
Lupinus pachanoanus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus pachitensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus pachylobus Greene
Lupinus padre-crowleyi C.P. Sm. – DeDecker's lupine, Father Crowley's lupine
Lupinus pallidus Brandegee
Lupinus paniculatus Desr.
Lupinus paraguariensis Chodat & Hassl.
Lupinus paranensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus paruroensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus parviflorus Hook. & Arn. – lodgepole lupin
subsp. myrianthus (Greene) Harmon
subsp. parviflorus Hook. & Arn.
Lupinus parvifolius Gardner
Lupinus pasachoensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus pasadenensis Eastw.
Lupinus patulus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus paucartambensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus paucovillosus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus paynei Davidson
Lupinus pearceanus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus pendentiflorus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus peirsonii H. Mason – Peirson's lupine, long lupine
Lupinus penlandianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus perblandus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus perbonus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus perennis L. – wild perennial lupine, sundial lupine, Indian beet, old maid's bonnets
subsp. gracilis (Nutt.) D.B.Dunn
subsp. occidentalis S. Watson
subsp. perennis L.
Lupinus perglaber Eastw.
Lupinus perissophytus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus persistens Rose
Lupinus peruvianus Ulbr.
Lupinus philippianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus physodes Douglas
Lupinus pickeringii A. Gray
Lupinus pilosellus Eastw.
Lupinus pilosissimus M. Martens & Galeotti
Lupinus pinguis Ulbr.
Lupinus pipersmithianus J.F. Macbr.
Lupinus pisacensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus piurensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus platamodes C.P. Sm.
Lupinus plattensis S. Watson
Lupinus platyptenus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus polycarpus Greene – smallflower lupin
Lupinus polyphyllus Lindl. – largeleaf lupine, bigleaf lupine, garden lupin, many-leaved lupine
var. burkei (S. Watson) C. L. Hitchc.
var. humicola (A.Nelson) Barneby
var. pallidipes (A. Heller) C. P. Sm.
var. polyphyllus Lindl.
var. prunophilus (M. E. Jones) L. Ll. Phillips
Lupinus poopoensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus popayanensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus potosinus Rose
Lupinus praealtus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus praestabilis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus praetermissus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus pratensis A.Heller – Inyo Meadow lupine
Lupinus pringlei Rose
Lupinus proculaustrinus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus prostratus J. Agardh
Lupinus protrusus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus prouvensalanus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus prunophilus M.E. Jones – hairy bigleaf lupin
Lupinus pseudopolyphyllus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus pseudotsugoides C.P. Sm.
Lupinus pubescens Benth.
Lupinus pucapucensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus pulloviridus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus pulvinaris Ulbr.
Lupinus punto-reyesensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus puracensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus purdieanus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus pureriae C.P. Sm.
Lupinus purosericeus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus pusillus Pursh – rusty lupine or dwarf lupine
subsp. intermontanus (A.Heller) D.B.Dunn
subsp. pusillus Pursh
Lupinus puyupatensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus pycnostachys C.P. Sm.
Lupinus quellomayus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus quitensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus radiatus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus ramosissimus Benth.
Lupinus reflexus Rose
Lupinus regalis Bergmans
Lupinus regnellianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus reineckianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus reitzii Burkart ex M. Pinheiro & Miotto
Lupinus retrorsus L.F. Hend.
Lupinus revolutus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus richardianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus rimae Eastw.
Lupinus rivularis Lindl. – riverbank lupin
Lupinus romasanus Ulbr.
Lupinus roseolus Rydb.
Lupinus roseorum C.P. Sm.
Lupinus rotundiflorus M.E. Jones
Lupinus rowleeanus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus ruber A. Heller
Lupinus rubriflorus Planchuelo
Lupinus ruizensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus rupestris Kunth
Lupinus rusbyanus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus russellianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus sabinianus Lindl.
Lupinus sabinii Hook.
Lupinus sabulosus A. Heller
Lupinus salticola Eastw.
Lupinus sandiensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus santanderensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus sarmentosus Desr.
Lupinus saxatilis Ulbr.
Lupinus saxosus Howell – rock lupine
Lupinus schwackeanus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus seifrizianus (C.P. Sm.) C.P. Sm.
Lupinus sellowianus Harms
Lupinus sellulus Kellogg
var. lobbii (S.Watson) B.J.Cox
var. sellulus Kellogg
var. ursinus (Eastw.) B.J.Cox
Lupinus semiprostratus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus semperflorens Benth.
Lupinus sericatus Kellogg – Cobb Mountain lupine
Lupinus sericeus Pursh – Pursh's silky lupin
var. barbiger (S.Watson) S.L.Welsh
var. sericeus Pursh
Lupinus setifolius Planchuelo & D.B. Dunn
Lupinus shastensis Lupinus albicaulis
Lupinus shockleyi S. Watson – purple desert lupine
Lupinus sierrae-blancae Wooton & Standl.
subsp. aquilinus (Wooton & Standl.) L.S.Fleak & D.B.Dunn
subsp. sierrae-blancae Wooton & Standl.
Lupinus simonsianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus simulans Rose
Lupinus sinaloensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus sitgreavesii S. Watson
Lupinus smithianus Kunth
Lupinus solanagrorum C.P. Sm.
Lupinus sonomensis A. Heller
Lupinus soratensis Rusby
Lupinus soukupianus C. P. Smith ex J. F. Macbr.
Lupinus sparsiflorus Benth. – desert lupin, Coulter's lupin, Mojave lupin
Lupinus spectabilis Hoover – shaggyhair lupine
Lupinus splendens Rose
Lupinus spragueanus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus staffordiae C.P. Sm.
Lupinus stipulatus J. Agardh
Lupinus stiversii Kellogg – harlequin annual lupine
Lupinus storkianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus subacaulis Griseb.
Lupinus subcarnosus Hook. – buffalo clover
Lupinus subcuneatus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus subhamatus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus subinflatus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus sublanatus Eastw.
Lupinus submontanus Rose
Lupinus subsessilis Benth.
Lupinus subtomentosus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus subvexus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus succulentus K. Koch – succulent lupin, arroyo lupin, hollowleaf annual lupin
Lupinus sufferrugineus Rusby
Lupinus suksdorfii Robinson
Lupinus sulphureus Douglas
subsp. kincaidii (Suksd.) L. Ll. Phillips – Kincaid's lupin
subsp. subsaccatus (Suksd.) L. Ll. Phillips
subsp. sulphureus Douglas – sulphur lupin, sulphur-flowered lupin
Lupinus surcoensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus syriggedes C.P. Sm.
Lupinus tacitus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus tafiensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus talahuensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus tamayoanus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus tarapacensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus tarijensis Ulbr.
Lupinus tarmaensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus tatei Rusby
Lupinus taurimortuus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus tauris Benth.
Lupinus tayacajensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus tegeticulatus Eastw.
Lupinus tetracercophorus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus texanus Hook.
Lupinus texensis Hook. – Texas bluebonnet
Lupinus thompsonianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus tidestromii Greene – Tidestrøm's lupin
var. layneae (Eastw.) Munz
var. tidestromii Greene
Lupinus tolimensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus tomentosus DC.
Lupinus tominensis Wedd.
Lupinus toratensis C.P. Sm. – warwanzo, lito
Lupinus tracyi Eastw. – Tracy's lupine
Lupinus triananus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus truncatus Hook. & Arn. – collared annual lupine
Lupinus tucumanensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus ulbrichianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus uleanus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus ultramontanus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus umidicola C.P. Sm.
Lupinus uncialis S. Watson
Lupinus uncinatus Schltdl.
Lupinus urcoensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus urubambensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus valerioi Standl.
Lupinus vallicola A. Heller – open lupin
subsp. apricus (Greene) D.B.Dunn
subsp. vallicola A. Heller
Lupinus vargasianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus varicaulis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus variicolor Steud. – varied lupin
Lupinus velillensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus velutinus Benth.
Lupinus venezuelensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus ventosus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus verbasciformis Sandwith
Lupinus verjonensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus vernicius Rose
Lupinus viduus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus vilcabambensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus villosus Willd.
Lupinus visoensis J.F. Macbr.
Lupinus volubilis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus weberbaueri Ulbr.
Lupinus werdermannianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus westianus Small
var. aridorum (McFarlin ex Beckner) Isely
var. westianus Small
Lupinus whiltoniae Eastw.
Lupinus wilkesianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus williamlobbii C.P. Sm.
Lupinus williamsianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus xanthophyllus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus xenophytus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus yanahuancensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus yarushensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus ynesiae C.P. Sm.
Subgenus Lupinus
Old World lupins
The flowers of Lupinus albus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Plantae
(unranked):Angiosperms
(unranked):Eudicots
(unranked):Rosids
Order:Fabales
Family:Fabaceae
Genus:Lupinus
Subgenus:Lupinus
S.Wats.
Type species
Lupinus albus
L.
Species
12; see text.
Synonyms
Eulupinus Aschers. & Graebn. 1907
In its current circumscription, subgenus Lupinus includes 12 species from the Mediterranean region and Africa with at least four ovules or seedbuds in the ovary:
Lupinus albus L. 1753 – white lupine
subsp. albus L.
subsp. graecus (Boiss. & Spruner) Franco & P.Silva
subsp. termis (Forsk.) Ponert.
Lupinus angustifolius L. 1753 – blue lupin, narrow-leafed lupin
var. angustifolius L.
var. albopunctatus Kurl. et Stankev.
var. griseomaculatus Kurl. et Stankev.
var. chalybens Kurl. et Stankev.
var. corylinus Kurl. et Stankev.
var. purpureus Kurl. et Stankev.
var. rubidus Kurl. et Stankev.
var. atabekovae Kurl. et Stankev.
var. sparsiusculus Kurl. et Stankev.
var. brunneus Kurl. et Stankev.
var. albosyringeus Taran.
var. albidus Kurl. et Stankev.
var. candidus Kuptzov. et Kurl.
Lupinus atlanticus Gladstones 1974
Lupinus cosentinii Guss. 1828 – sandplain lupin
Lupinus digitatus Forsk. 1775
Lupinus hispanicus Boiss. & Reut. 1842
subsp. bicolor (Merino) Gladst.
subsp. hispanicus Boiss. & Reut.
Lupinus luteus L. 1753 – yellow lupin
var. luteus L.
var. maculosus Kurl. et Stankev.
var. kazimierskii Kurl. et Stankev.
var. arcellus Kurl. et Stankev.
var. sempolovskii (Atab) Kurl. et Stankev.
var. melanospermus Kurl. et Stankev.
var. niger Kurl. et Stankev.
var. cremeus Kurl. et Stankev.
var. leucospermus Kurl. et Stankev.
var. sulphureus (Atab.) Kurl. et Stankev.
var. stepanovae Kurl. et Stankev.
var. ochroleucus Kurl. et Stankev.
var. aurantiacus Kurl. et Stankev.
var. croceus Kurl. et Stankev.
var. aureus Kurl. et Stankev.
var. albicans Kurl. et Stankev.
var. sinskayae Kurl. et Stankev.
Lupinus micranthus Guss. 1828
Lupinus palaestinus Boiss. 1849 – white-grey lupine
Lupinus pilosus Murr. 1774 – blue lupine
Lupinus princei Harms 1901
Lupinus somaliensis Baker f. 1895
Species names with uncertain taxonomic status
The status of the following binomials is unresolved:
Lupinus acaulis Larrañaga
Lupinus achilleaphilus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus acutilobus A.Heller
Lupinus aegr-Aovium C.P.Sm.
Lupinus africanus Lour.
Lupinus agninus Gand.
Lupinus agropyrophilus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus alaimandus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus albicaulis Douglas ex Hook.
Lupinus alicanescens C.P.Sm.
Lupinus aliclementinus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus aliumbellatus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus altissimus Sessé & Moc.
Lupinus alturasensis C.P.Sm.
Lupinus alveorum C.P.Sm.
Lupinus amabilis A.Heller
Lupinus amniculi-cervi C.P.Sm.
Lupinus amniculi-salicis C.P.Sm.
Lupinus amniculi-vulpum C.P.Sm.
Lupinus andersonianus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus anemophilus Greene
Lupinus angustifolius Blanco
Lupinus aphronorus Blank.
Lupinus apodotropis A.Heller
Lupinus aralloius C.P.Sm.
Lupinus arborescens Amabekova & Maisuran
Lupinus arceuthinus Greene
Lupinus argyraeus DC.
Lupinus atacamicus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus aureus J.Agardh
Lupinus axillaris Blank.
Lupinus barkeriae Knowles & Westc.
Lupinus bartolomei M.E.Jones
Lupinus bassett-maguirei C.P.Sm.
Lupinus beaneanus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus biddleii L.F.Hend.
Lupinus bimaculatus Hook. ex D.Don
Lupinus bimaculatus Desr.
Lupinus bivonii C.Presl
Lupinus blankinshipii A.Heller
Lupinus blaschkeanus Fisch. & C.A.Mey.
Lupinus brevior (Jeps.) J.A. Christian & D.B. Dunn
Lupinus brittonii Abrams
Lupinus caespitosus Nutt.
Lupinus californicus K.Koch
Lupinus campbelliae Eastw.
Lupinus campestris Cham. & Schltdl.
Lupinus campestris-florum C.P.Sm.
Lupinus candicans Rydb.
Lupinus canus Hemsl.
Lupinus capitatus Greene
Lupinus capitis-amniculi C.P.Sm.
Lupinus carolus-bucarii C.P.Sm.
Lupinus chachas Ochoa ex C. P. Smith
Lupinus chamissonis Eschscholtz
Lupinus chiapensis Rose
Lupinus chihuahuensis S.Watson
Lupinus christianus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus chrysomelas Casar.
Lupinus clementinus Greene
Lupinus comatus Rydb.
Lupinus consentinii Walp.
Lupinus cymb-Aegressus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus dasyphyllus Greene
Lupinus davisianus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus debilis Eastw.
Lupinus decaschistus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus diaboli-septem C.P.Sm.
Lupinus dichrous Greene
Lupinus dispersus A.Heller
Lupinus dissimulans C.P.Sm.
Lupinus durangensis C.P.Sm.
Lupinus eatonanus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus equi-coeli C.P.Sm.
Lupinus equi-collis C.P.Sm.
Lupinus erectus L.F.Hend.
Lupinus erminens S.Watson
Lupinus ermineus S.Watson
Lupinus falcifer Nutt.
Lupinus falsoerectus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus falsoformosus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus falsograyi C.P.Sm.
Lupinus fieldii Rose ex J. F. Macbr.
Lupinus filicaulis C.P.Sm.
Lupinus finitus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus flavescens Rydb.
Lupinus foliosus Hook.
Lupinus foliosus Nutt.
Lupinus forskahlei Boiss.
Lupinus franciscanus Greene
Lupinus fraxinetorum Greene
Lupinus fruticosus Steud.
Lupinus fruticosus Dum.Cours.
Lupinus garcianus Bennett & Dunn
Lupinus geophilus Rose
Lupinus geraniophilus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus glabellus M.Martens & Galeotti
Lupinus graciliflorus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus gratus Greene
Lupinus gredensis Gand.
Lupinus guadalupensis Greene
Lupinus guadiloupensis Steud.
Lupinus guatimalensis auct.
Lupinus gussoneanus J.Agardh
Lupinus habrocomus Greene
Lupinus haudcytisoides C.P.Sm.
Lupinus helleri Greene
Lupinus hexaedrus E. Fourn.
Lupinus hintonii C.P.Sm.
Lupinus huigrensis Rose ex C.P.Sm.
Lupinus humicolus A.Nelson
Lupinus humifusus Benth.
Lupinus humilis Rose ex Pittier
Lupinus hyacinthinus Greene
Lupinus idoneus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus inamoenus Greene ex C.F.Baker
Lupinus indutus Greene ex C.F.Baker
Lupinus insignis Glaz. ex C. P. Smith
Lupinus integrifolius L.
Lupinus intergrifolius Desr.
Lupinus ione-grisetae C.P.Sm.
Lupinus ione-walkerae C.P.Sm.
Lupinus jamesonianus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus javanicus Burm.f.
Lupinus jorgensenanus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus jucundus Greene
Lupinus kellerrnanianus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus kyleanus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus labiatus Nutt.
Lupinus lacticolor Tamayo
Lupinus lacus-huntingtonii C.P.Sm.
Lupinus lacuum-trinitatum C.P.Sm.
Lupinus larsonanus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus lassenensis Eastw.
Lupinus latissimus Greene
Lupinus laxifolius A.Gray
Lupinus leptostachyus Greene
Lupinus lesueurii Standl.
Lupinus linearifolius Larrañaga
Lupinus lingulae C.P.Sm.
Lupinus longilabrum C.P.Sm.
Lupinus lorentzianus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus louise-bucariae C.P.Sm.
Lupinus louise-grisetae C.P.Sm.
Lupinus lucidus Benth. ex Loudon
Lupinus lyman-bensonii C.P.Sm.
Lupinus lysichitophilus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus macrocarpus Hook. & Arn.
Lupinus macrocarpus Torr.
Lupinus macrophyllus Benth.
Lupinus macrorhizos Georgi
Lupinus magnistipulatus Planchuelo & Dunn
Lupinus maissurianii Atabek. & Polukhina
Lupinus marcusianus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus mariae-josephae H.Pascual
Lupinus markleanus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus marschallianus Sweet
Lupinus mearnsii C.P.Sm.
Lupinus meli-campestris C.P.Sm.
Lupinus meridanus Moritz ex C. P. Smith
Lupinus mexiae C.P.Sm.
Lupinus micensis M.E.Jones
Lupinus micheneri Greene
Lupinus milleri J.Agardh
Lupinus minearanus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus minutissimus Tamayo
Lupinus molle A.Heller
Lupinus mollissifolius Davidson
Lupinus monettianus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus muellerianus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus multicincinnis C.P.Sm.
Lupinus neglectus Rose
Lupinus nemoralis Greene
Lupinus niger Wehmer
Lupinus noldekae Eastw.
Lupinus nutcanus Spreng.
Lupinus nutkatensis J.G.Cooper
Lupinus obtunsus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus octablomus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus opsianthus Amabekova & Maisuran
Lupinus pavonum C.P.Sm.
Lupinus pendeltonii A.Heller
Lupinus pendletonii A.Heller
Lupinus perconfertus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus perplexus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus philistaeus Boiss.
Lupinus pinus-contortae C.P.Sm.
Lupinus piperi B.L.Rob. ex Piper
Lupinus piperitus Davidson
Lupinus platanophilus M.E.Jones
Lupinus plebeius Greene ex C.F.Baker
Lupinus prato-lacuum C.P.Sm.
Lupinus prolifer Desr.
Lupinus propinquus Greene
Lupinus proteanus Eastw.
Lupinus psoraleoides Pollard
Lupinus pumviridis C.P.Sm.
Lupinus puroviridis C.P.Sm.
Lupinus purpurascens A.Heller
Lupinus pygmaeus Tamayo
Lupinus quercus-jugi C.P.Sm.
Lupinus quercuum C.P.Sm.
Lupinus rainierensis Eastw.
Lupinus regius Rudolph ex Torr. & A.Gray
Lupinus rhodanthus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus rickeri C.P.Sm.
Lupinus rivetianus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus rydbergii Blank.
Lupinus sabuli C.P.Sm.
Lupinus salicisocius C.P.Sm.
Lupinus salinensis C.P.Sm.
Lupinus sativus Gaterau
Lupinus scaposus Rydb.
Lupinus scheuberae Rydb.
Lupinus schickendantzii C.P.Sm.
Lupinus schiedeanus Steud.
Lupinus schumannii C.P.Sm.
Lupinus seclusus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus semiaequus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus semiverticillatus Desr.
Lupinus sergenti Tamayo ex Pittier
Lupinus sergentii Tamayo
Lupinus serradentum C.P.Sm.
Lupinus shrevei C.P.Sm.
Lupinus sierrae-zentae C.P.Sm.
Lupinus sileri S.Watson
Lupinus sinus-meyersii C.P. Sm.
Lupinus sparhawkianus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus spatulata Larrañaga
Lupinus speciosus Voss
Lupinus spruceanus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus standleyensis C.P.Sm.
Lupinus stationis C.P.Sm.
Lupinus stiveri Kellogg
Lupinus stoloniferus L.
Lupinus strigulosus Gand.
Lupinus subhirsutus Davidson
Lupinus subvolutus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus suksdorfii B.L. Rob. ex Piper
Lupinus summersianus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus sylvaticus Hemsl.
Lupinus thermis Gasp.
Lupinus thermus St.-Lag.
Lupinus tilcaricus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus timotensis Tamayo
Lupinus tricolor Greene
Lupinus tricolor G.Nicholson
Lupinus trifidus Torr. ex S.Watson
Lupinus tristis Sweet
Lupinus trochophyllus Hoffmanns.
Lupinus tuckeranus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus vaginans Benth.
Lupinus valdepallidus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus vandykeae Eastw.
Lupinus variegatus A.Heller
Lupinus variegatus Poir.
Lupinus varneranus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus vavilovii Atabekova & Maissurjan
Lupinus venustus Bailly
Lupinus violaceus A.Heller
Lupinus viridicalyx C.P.Sm.
Lupinus volcanicus Greene
Lupinus watsonii A.Heller
Lupinus westiana Small
Lupinus wolfianus C.P.Sm.
Lupinus yanlyensis C.P.Sm.
Lupinus yaruahensis C.P.Sm.
Hybrids
The following hybrids have been described:
Lupinus ×alpestris (A. Nelson) D.B. Dunn & J.M. Gillett
Lupinus ×hispanicoluteus W.Święcicki & W.K.Święcicki
Lupinus ×hybridus Lem.
Lupinus ×insignis Lem.
Lupinus ×regalis (auct.) Bergmans—rainbow lupin (Lupinus arboreus × Lupinus polyphyllus)
Lupinus ×versicolor Caball.
Etymology
While some sources believe the origin of the name to be in doubt, the Collins Dictionary definition asserts that the word is 14th century in origin, from the Latin lupīnus "wolfish" from lupus "wolf" as it was believed that the plant ravenously exhausted the soil. But a more likely explanation is that lupinus meant that the plants were as dangerous to livestock as wolves, because the alkaloid poisons of Lupines can sicken or kill grazing animals, especially sheep. Farmers have known since ancient Rome that lupines improve soil by adding nitrogen and loosening compacted earth with their strong root systems, so the Collins explanation is improbable.
Ecology
Canadian tiger swallowtail on wild perennial lupine, Gatineau, Quebec
Certain species, such as the yellow bush lupin (L. arboreus), are considered invasive weeds when they appear outside their native ranges. In New Zealand, lupines are viewed as invasive and a severe threat in some cases. L. polyphyllus has escaped into the wild and grows in large numbers along main roads and streams on the South Island. A similar spread of the species has occurred in Finland and Norway after the non-native species was first deliberately planted in the landscaping along the main roads. Lupins have been planted in some parts of Australia with a considerably cooler climate, particularly in rural Victoria and New South Wales.
Lupins are important larval food plants for many lepidopterans (butterflies and moths). These include:
Aricia icarioides missionensis (Mission blue butterfly), larvae limited to Lupinus
Callophrys irus (frosted elfin), recorded on L. perennis
Erynnis persius (Persius duskywing)
†Glaucopsyche xerces (Xerces blue)
Glaucopsyche lygdamus (silvery blue)
Plebejus melissa samuelis (Karner blue)
Erynnis persius persius (eastern Persius duskywing)
Schinia sueta, larvae limited to Lupinus
Cultivation
Lupinus polyphyllus, the garden lupin, and Lupinus arboreus, the tree lupin, are popular ornamental plants in gardens, and are the source of numerous hybrids and cultivars in a wide range of colours, including bicolors. As legumes, lupins are good companion plants in gardens, increasing the soil nitrogen for vegetables and other plants. As well as growing in the ground, lupins can do well in pots on balconies or patios.
art must concern itself with the real, but it throws any notion to the real into question. it always turns the real into a façade, a representation, and a construction.
Mauve: large cups (some with tails)
Dark blue: small cups or indentations - some as end points and centres of cross schema. One or two of these smaller cups may be geofacts)
Light blue: Canals or 'rigoles'. Some are enhanced lines from the rock itself. In the future this should darken with depth to give a better impression of potential flow.
Red: Scratches, either of modern graffiti, geological effect or original design.
Dolmen de la Creu de la Llosa
(The dolmen is from a cluster associated with the village of St Michrel de Liosa - warm words need to be offered for the care that they and their associations afford to their megalithic heritage).
For the image, about eight RAWs were taken with a manual SMC 50mm on a Pentax K-50.. These were corrected against lens deformation and combined using Photoshop / automate / photomerge / montage (which is the most natural). Some edge errors were adjusted, giving an imperfect but working 400 megabit image. Layers were then assigned and painted freehand. A high-tone of the original picture topped the stack as an 'overlay', which added a background identification texture to, what would otherwise be, flat lines. The final image was then downsized for Flickr (quite a bit of image loss). The image itself is an example of 'layers in progress', and another of my case-studies of art, text and photography mixing with experimental archaeology within the frame of prehistory.
With the final photo developing far away from the original dolmen's table, certain of the light blue 'canals' may be wrong - and I did miss the chance to return to the site. Also of note, some cups are fixed to the very edge of the table and are missing from this image. This is certainly the most 'worked' neolithic table I have seen. Other neighboring dolmen's have lesser hybrid marks.
The canals follow the gradients of the table. Some meet in cups prior to leaving its monolithic frame. The neolithic cruciforms stand out for the eye. With this visualization, many interweb with the cups and canals around them. It has been speculated that the cups (coupelle) might have received offerings : cereals, berries, small fruits, given as part of harvest or funeral rites and brought into ritual movement by liquids such as milk and water - liquids that might have flowed along the canals. The advantages of just such an explanation include the placement of a rites system that may reasonably have rooted into the Gaulish God Bélénos (fertility, water and sun) - thus visualizing a projected continuum from late prehistory into protohistory. It has also been speculated that the cruciform signs are schematic humans. There is certainly lucidity and a capacity for movement on the stone, but, the cruciforms do not appear to me to be anthropomorphic, rather another manifestation from the pallet of canals, small cups and larger cups (larger cups that are still too small to be called basins). Another explanation might be celestial, with reflections of key stars appearing in cups on important dates. Whilst some of the many cups may have just such links, the overall effect seems too fluid for such a precise ambition, and there does not seem to be a specific viewpoint - but, this is certainly a valid general avenue of research.
Today, some of the world's spiritual systems have elements of their 'history' close to prehistory, with date samples of 4,000 ybp, 3,500 ybp and 2,500 ybp for Abraham, Hinduism and Taoism. In the Neolithic, spiritual systems may, in turn, have 'remembered' back to the Mesolithic - a time when clans still wandered as hunter gatherers. 'First Nation' cultures are often found to have strategies to hold onto memories from their deep pasts. Whilst the sedentary neolithic landscape farmed from fixed points, it traded and met on social loci - along the anamistic pathways between 'pech' (hill), natural monolith, confluence and 'cloup' (dip or doline). Many of these 'sacred' or group zones may have been important hunter gatherer meeting points. A schematic map of locations and meanings might be rolled up inside a protected leather hide. The map of the London Underground shows relations but not distance in an elegant and beautifully put way, and this is the sort of 'map' that may be worth holding in mind. Some clans may have moved more than others, and some clan's records of their movements may have been better than others. Taking a sacred leather 'map' and turning it into stone might result in a vivid diorama of lines and points, and this might explain the indubitable feeling of many of the complex curves, straights, crosses and dots.
The best place to celebrate a "spirit" or God may be far away at an exact spot on the landscape, but with a schematic map, offerings can be made to a representative cup when the stars or moon lines up to show that it is time. So, a living 'memory map' might have ritual and pre Bélénos signification as well as being a setting for stories of past events and formative years, present anecdotes and future ambitions. The map fits the clan and links in with the experiences of adjacent clans. Canals as valleys, small cups as places of meaning, large cups as key meeting points ... a story of a past (thin red) line of attack or migration might be scratched as a vector into the stone. The experimental archaeologist and prehistorian Frédéric Grosse commented, along the lines, that from the evidence of things found in and around tumuli, dolmens were places of many activities.
The encapsulating capacity of a cup as an envelope for ideas may also have facilitated communication when different languages met. The same cups might receive liquids on certain days or times only then to serve as receptacles for the informal exchange of beads and shells. On others days, clay foundations for simple wooden toys might provide birthday amusement. Today religious buildings switch between death, marriage and community festival without a bat of the eyelid, with people happy to exchange rings over the graves of anonymous ancestors.
The stone itself is hard, and tools were of polished stone. The idea to take the time to produce a 'decorated' table was good enough to follow through, and although the 'image' is complex, it is neither a prehistoric doodle, or, a prehistoric attempt to anticipate Joan Miro. In the same way that there are 'cup and ring' styles in Galicia and other 'cup and ring' styles in Northumbrie, these themes and lines are well known in the greater local area and there is no suspicion of modern input.
AJM 28.4.17
On a recent visit to the Pisgah National Forest in Transylvania County, North Carolina, I photographed the pollination of Yellow Fringed orchids by a Pipevine Swallowtail butterfly. The butterfly was loaded with a large number of pollinia from the flowers. With this pollination schema, the pollinia stick to the eyes of the pollinator.
To read the trip report, please go to Jim's Blog.
HOW-TO: Installing OSX Leopard, Windows Vista, Windows XP and Linux Ubuntu on a Macbook
Updated: Now also triple boot without Vista
1) You will need a format and repartition of the whole disk, so time machine your previous data.
2) Insert OSX Leopard (also Tiger works) Install DVD. Reboot the macbook pressing the C key (so it will boot from DVD). From the "Utilities Menu" window menu select "Disk Utility". From "Volume Scheme" tab, select 5 partitions and use this schema:
0 EFI protected (which is invisible under Disk Utility)
1 Name: VISTA Format: MS-DOS File System <--create this partition *even* if you don't plan to install Vista, XP partition *must* be the 4th one to avoid missing hal.dll trouble!
2 Name: STORAGE Format: MS-DOS File System
3 Name: XP Format: MS-DOS File System
4 Name: OSX Format: Mac OS Extended (Journaled)
5 - Format: Free Space (Linux partitions will be created here later)
Every partition will host its OS. The (optional, but very advidsed) STORAGE partition will be formatted in FAT32 to share files between the four OSes. If you are installing a brand new hard disk, check boot loader type as "GUID Partition Table (GPT)" (remove MBR default or you will not be able to install OS X). Then click the "Partition" button, and all your data on disk will be destroyed.
Now you can close "Disk Utility", and start install OS X to volume "OSX". After reboot into OS X, hou have to install rEFIt boot loader (download it from refit.sourceforge.net) into volume "OSX".
Update: If you have installed "MacBook EFI Firmware Update 1.1" (available via Apple Software Updater) installing rEFIt is no more compulsory if you plan to install linux after on your macbook. This update will fix built-in keyboard issue with "legacy" bootloaders, so you can use grub bootloader included in Ubuntu to boot Vista, Xp and Ubuntu. But I personally installed rEFIt because I really prefer his graphical boot than grub textual one :D
Update: If you want to obtain a triple boot macbook, without installing Vista don't create the VISTA partition on step 2), proceed to step 3a) and ignore 3b). Instead if you want to install Vista, jump directly to step 3b)
3a) You can use directly from OS X terminal the "fdisk" command, that handles an MBR-partitioned disk, to setup the XP partition suitable for installing that windows version. Open a terminal under OS X:
type "sudo fdisk -e /dev/rdisk0"
enter password and ignore the message "fdisk: could not open MBR file /usr/standalone/i386/boot0: No such file or directory"
type "p" to print MBR partition table
type "f " "4" to flag partition 4 active
type "q" to save and quit
3b) Insert Windows Vista install DVD. Reboot the macbook pressing the C key. Install Vista onto partition 2 named "VISTA". You must format it as NTFS at this point. Installation finishes and you have a dual boot Mac.
In Vista, click the "Start" button, click "Control Panel", click "System and Maintenance", click "Administrative Tools", and then double-click "Computer Management". In the Navigation pane, under "Storage", click "Disk Management". Right-click the XP partition, and then click "Mark Partition as Active".
4) Insert Windows XP install CD. You can't install any XP version coming on 2 CDs (like Media Center Edition 2005), only version from a single CD or DVD. So if you want to install MCE 2005 you need the (single) DVD version. Reboot the macbook pressing the C key. Press the enter key when you will read "Press any key to boot from CD". If you boot Vista by mistake, you must mark active XP partition again (because rEFIt will flag Vista as active if you select it).
You will see the VISTA partition marked "D:" and XP partition "C:". Now install XP to "C:". You must format it now (in either NTFS or FAT32) or XP will not boot. At reboot, select the 2nd windows logo "boot from partition 4" to continue install. Installation finishes and you have a (dual)triple boot Mac.
5) Insert Linux Ubuntu install live CD or DVD, (I used Ubuntu Desktop 8.04b AMD64) reboot from it. Launch install from desktop.
- At step 3, choose your keyboard layout as Macintosh.
- At step 4, choose to manually partition the disk:
create a / partition and a swap partition at the end of the disk. (Swap must be larger than memory to be able to "hibernate". And one megabyte here is 1000*1000 bytes, not 1024*1024)
- At step 7, before you go ahead with the install, click "advanced", and tell ubuntu to install GRUB to (hd0,2), the FAT partition. (Yes, this is the right place. Installing GRUB into the MBR will let GRUB manage the windows booting, you will have to go through 2 boot manager to boot windows or linux, which is not what we want. Besides MBR, it seems GRUB can only be installed into among the first 4 partitions to be bootable, and the FAT partition right now doesn't contain a boot code so it's safe to have GRUB live there)
Update: If you don't want to use rEFIt, install GRUB into the MBR. Hold "option" key upon boot to select "Windows", then use Grub menu to boot between Ubuntu, Vista, or Xp.
Proceed with the install. Reboot and you will see 4 OSes from rEFIt menu.
6) Almost done! Now install hardware drivers in each OS, in both Windows installation insert Leopard install disk 1 and install bootcamp drivers to make touchpad, iSight and so on perfectly working under both Xp and Vista.
This is the garden of the Văratec Monastery, Romania. “The monastery was founded in 1785 by Schema nun Olimpiada, with her confessor, Father Iosif. In this work, mother Olimpiada was guided by Father Paisius Velichkovsky, hegumen of Neamț Monastery. The monastery was set under the guidance of Agapia Monastery, which was close by, and afterwards the Monastery became an independent monastery in 1839.
“Massive stone walls enclose the main church, ‘The Dormition of the Virgin Mary,’ [originally a wooden church] the abbot's building and the administrative buildings (on the northern side of the enclosure) and the monastery's Museum, where the ‘Queen Mary’ workshop used to be (in the building on the south side). The monastic precinct is surrounded by the monastery village, made up of rural traditional houses, where the nuns live, and which lie along narrow alleys.” (Wikipedia)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaterialism
Subjective idealism, or empirical idealism, is the monistic metaphysical doctrine that only minds and mental contents exist. It entails and is generally identified or associated with immaterialism, the doctrine that material things do not exist.
It is the contrary of eliminative materialism, the doctrine that only material things, and no mental things, exist.
Subjective idealism: This form of idealism is "subjective" not because it denies that there is an objective reality, but because it asserts that this reality is completely dependent upon the minds of the subjects that perceive it.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immanuel_Kant
Kant believed that the concepts of space and time are integral to all human experience, as are our concepts of cause and effect. One important consequence of this view is that one never hasdirect experience of things, the so-called noumenalworld, and that what we do experience is thephenomenal world as conveyed by our senses.
Kant aimed to resolve disputes between empirical andrationalist approaches. The former asserted that all knowledge comes through experience; the latter maintained that reason and innate ideas were prior. Kant argued that experience is purely subjective without first being processed by pure reason. He also said that using reason without applying it to experience only leads to theoretical illusions.
The notion of the "thing in itself" was much discussed by those who came after Kant. It was argued that since the "thing in itself" was unknowable its existence could not simply be assumed. Rather than arbitrarily switching to an account that was ungrounded in anything supposed to be the "real," as did the German Idealists, another group arose to ask how our (presumably reliable) accounts of a coherent and rule-abiding universe were actually grounded. This new kind of philosophy became known as Phenomenology, and its founder was Edmund Husserl.
Kant, however, contests this: he claims that elementary mathematics, like arithmetic, is synthetic a priori, in that its statements provide new knowledge, but knowledge that is not derived from experience. This becomes part of his over-all argument for transcendental idealism. That is, he argues that the possibility of experience depends on certain necessary conditions — which he calls a priori forms — and that these conditions structure and hold true of the world of experience. In so doing, his main claims in the "Transcendental Aesthetic" are that mathematic judgments are synthetic a priori and in addition, that Space and Time are not derived from experience but rather are its preconditions.
Kant asserts that experience is based both upon the perception of external objects and a priori knowledge.[39] The external world, he writes, provides those things that we sense. It is our mind, though, that processes this information about the world and gives it order, allowing us to comprehend it. Our mind supplies the conditions of space and time to experience objects. According to the "transcendental unity of apperception", the concepts of the mind (Understanding) and the perceptions or intuitions that garner information from phenomena (Sensibility) are synthesized by comprehension. Without the concepts, intuitions are nondescript; without the intuitions, concepts are meaningless — thus the famous statement, "Thoughts without content are empty, intuitions without concepts are blind."
Judgments are, for Kant, the preconditions of any thought. Man thinks via judgments, so all possible judgments must be listed and the perceptions connected within them put aside, so as to make it possible to examine the moments when the understanding is engaged in constructing judgments.
Kant ran into a problem with his theory that the mind plays a part in producing objective knowledge. Intuitions and categories are entirely disparate, so how can they interact? Kant's solution is the schema: a priori principles by which the transcendental imagination connects concepts with intuitions through time. All the principles are temporally bound, for if a concept is purely a priori, as the categories are, then they must apply for all times. Hence there are principles such as substance is that which endures through time, and the cause must always be prior to the effect
Transcendental idealism is a doctrine founded by German philosopher Immanuel Kant in the 18th century. Kant's doctrine maintains that human experience of things is similar to the way they appear to us — implying a fundamentally subject-based component, rather than being an activity that directly (and therefore without any obvious causal link) comprehends the things as they are in and of themselves.
Xenophanes of Colophon in 530 BC anticipated Kant's epistemology in his reflections on certainty. "And as for certain truth, no man has seen it, nor will there ever be a man who knows about the gods and about all the things I mention.
Briefly, Schopenhauer described transcendental idealism as a "distinction between the phenomenon and the thing in itself, and a recognition that only the phenomenon is accessible to us because "we do not know either ourselves or things as they are in themselves, but merely as they appear."[4] Some of Schopenhauer's comments on the definition of the word "transcendental" are as follows:
Transcendental is the philosophy that makes us aware of the fact that the first and essential laws of this world that are presented to us are rooted in our brain and are therefore known a priori. It is called transcendental because it goes beyond the whole given phantasmagoria to the origin thereof. Therefore, as I have said, only the Critique of Pure Reason and generally the critical (that is to say, Kantian) philosophy are transcendental.
Realism can also be promoted in an unqualified sense, in which case it asserts the mind-independent existence of a visible world, as opposed to skepticism and solipsism. Philosophers who profess realism state that truth consists in the mind's correspondence to reality.[1]
Realists tend to believe that whatever we believe now is only an approximation of reality and that every new observation brings us closer to understanding reality.[2] In its Kantian sense, realism is contrasted with idealism. In a contemporary sense, realism is contrasted with anti-realism, primarily in the philosophy of science.
Naïve realism[edit]
Naïve realism, also known as direct realism, is a philosophy of mind rooted in a common sense theory of perception that claims that the senses provide us with direct awareness of the external world. In contrast, some forms of idealism assert that no world exists apart from mind-dependent ideas and some forms of skepticism say we cannot trust our senses. The realist view is that objects are composed of matter, occupy space and have properties, such as size, shape, texture, smell, taste and colour, that are usually perceived correctly. We perceive them as they really are. Objects obey the laws of physics and retain all their properties whether or not there is anyone to observe them
Stuckists claim that conceptual art is justified by the work of Marcel Duchamp, but that Duchamp's work is "anti-art by intent and effect". The Stuckists feel that "Duchamp's work was a protest against the stale, unthinking artistic establishment of his day", while "the great (but wholly unintentional) irony of postmodernism is that it is a direct equivalent of the conformist, unoriginal establishment that Duchamp attacked in the first place"
Obscurantism (French: obscurantisme, from the Latin obscurans, "darkening") is the practice of deliberately preventing the facts or the full details of some matter from becoming known. There are two common historical and intellectual denotations to Obscurantism: (1) deliberately restricting knowledge—opposition to the spread of knowledge, a policy of withholding knowledge from the public; and, (2) deliberate obscurity—an abstruse style (as in literature and art) characterized by deliberate vagueness.
Un simple manchot que j'ai modifié légèrement par rapport au schéma.
J'ai trouvé un gros rouleau de papier kraft + film noir, très bien pour les tests de pliage.
15 x 15cm.
Le blog de Lee Amstrong avec des diagrammes: foldawayorigami.tumblr.com/
A simple penguin, I modified slightly compared to the diagram.
I found a large roll of kraft paper + black film, very good for folding tests.
15 x 15cm.
Lee Amstrong's blog with diagrams: foldawayorigami.tumblr.com/
Grazie Per le vostre gradite visite
La Cattedrale di San Pietro di Sorres, si trova su una collina a poca distanza dal paese di Borutta, a circa 40 Km da Sassari.
La cattedrale di San Pietro di Sorres è, indubbiamente, una delle più belle chiese in stile romanico-pisano. L’edificazione avvenne, come era normale per quell’epoca, in più tempi. Come data d’inizio si parla del 1170. La chiesa, con molto probabilità, fu completata nel 1200, ad opera di quel Mariane Maistro che ha lasciato la sua firma nel gradino sottostante la porta principale.
La facciata, rivolta ad ovest, è l’elemento architettonico più elaborato di tutto il monumento. Essa si sviluppa in uno schema geometrico ripartito su quattro livelli di cui i primi tre sono ritmati da arcate e l’ultimo, liscio, termina con un timpano al cui centro sta un occhio circolare con una croce in pietra. La bifora del secondo ordine denuncia influssi orientali nella forma degli archetti. La parte alta della facciata evidenzia il secondo intervento, realizzato per terminare la costruzione con l’elevazione della navata centrale.
I muri laterali esterni sono impreziositi da mensole e da intarsi decorativi.
L’Abside, baciata dal sole nascente che penetra nella chiesa da tre monofore, incanta per la sua eleganza e per lo slancio architettonico della loggetta cieca, su cui emerge la croce.
L’interno ha pianta basilicale a tre navate, separate da due file di sei pilastri cruciformi e coperta da volte a crociera, realizzata in pietra nera vulcanica (basalto). L’insieme colpisce per l’armonia delle forme e dei colori, così da dare la sensazione di uno spazio molto ampliato.
Il Presbiterio, sopraelevato rispetto alla navata, vede fortemente esaltato il luogo dove il Vescovo, assiso sulla cattedra (la nicchia, realizzata all’interno dell’abside), presiedeva lo svolgersi della Liturgia.
L’Ambone, luogo della proclamazione della Parola, è in stile gotico, probabilmente posteriore all’edificazione della chiesa, e rimane addossato al terzo pilastro di destra. Esso sembra voler far da tramite tra il presbiterio sopraelevato e la navata, dove si raccolgono i fedeli.
In fondo alla chiesa, addossati alla parete nord, si notano un sarcofago su cui è scolpito un pastorale e un croce, e un piccolo monumento funerario con la scultura di un vescovo defunto rivestito degli abiti pontificali. La tradizione e la pietà popolare hanno ritenuto che appartenessero al Beato Goffredo, il Vescovo che fece erigere la cattedrale di Sorres.
Bibliografia: Regina Mundi
Thanks for your welcome visits
The San Pietro di Sorres, is located on a hill not far from the village of Borutta, about 40 km from Sassari.
The Cathedral of St. Peter of Sorres is, undoubtedly, one of the most beautiful churches in the Pisan-Romanesque style. The construction took place, as was normal for that time, in several stages. As we talk about the start date of 1170. The church, with much probability, was completed in 1200, at the hands of that Mariane Maistro who left his signature in the step below the main door.
The facade, facing west, is the most elaborate architectural element of the whole monument. It grows in a geometric pattern spread across four levels of which the first three are punctuated by arcades and the last, smooth, ends with a gable at the center is a circular eye with a stone cross. The second order mullioned complaint Eastern influences in the form of arches. The top of the façade shows the second operation, designed to finish the construction with the elevation of the nave.
The outer side walls are embellished with shelves and decorative inlays.
The Apse, the Rising Sun that penetrates into the church by three single, enchants for its elegance and for the momentum of the architectural blind loggia, which shows the cross.
The interior has a basilica plan with three naves separated by two rows of six cruciform pillars and covered by cross vaults, made of black volcanic stone (basalt). The set is striking for the harmony of shapes and colors, so as to give the feeling of a space much expanded.
The Presbytery, elevated above the nave, sees highly exalted the place where the bishop, seated on the throne (the niche, built inside the apse), presided over the unfolding of the Liturgy.
The Ambo, the place of the proclamation of the Word, is Gothic, probably back to the building of the church, and is leaning against the third pillar of the right. It seems to want to be the link between the presbytery and the nave, where the faithful gather.
In back of the church, leaning against the north wall, you notice a sarcophagus on which is carved a pastoral and a cross, and a small funerary monument with the sculpture of a deceased bishop attired in pontifical vestments. The tradition and popular piety felt that they belonged to the Blessed Goffredo, the Bishop that he built the cathedral Sorres.
Bibliography: Regina Mundi
Gracias por sus visitas de bienvenida
El San Pietro di Sorres, está situado en una colina cerca de la aldea de Borutta, a unos 40 km de Sassari.
La Catedral de San Pedro de Sorres es, sin duda, una de las más bellas iglesias de estilo románico-pisana. La construcción se llevó a cabo, como era normal en aquella época, en varias etapas. Como hablamos de la fecha de inicio de 1170. La iglesia, con mucha probabilidad, se completó en 1200, a manos de los que Mariane Maistro que dejaron su firma en el paso por debajo de la puerta principal.
La fachada, orientada al oeste, es el elemento arquitectónico más elaborada de todo el monumento. Crece en un patrón geométrico repartidas en cuatro niveles de los cuales los tres primeros son interrumpidas por arcadas y la última, suave, termina con un frontón en el centro es un ojo circular con una cruz de piedra. El segundo fin geminadas influencias orientales de quejas en forma de arcos. La parte superior de la fachada muestra la segunda operación, diseñado para terminar la construcción con la elevación de la nave.
Las paredes laterales exteriores están adornados con estantes y incrustaciones decorativas.
El Ábside, Sol Naciente que penetra en la iglesia por tres simple, encanta por su elegancia y por el impulso de la logia ciega de arquitectura, que muestra la cruz.
El interior tiene planta basilical con tres naves separadas por dos filas de seis pilares cruciformes y cubiertos por bóvedas de crucería, hechas de piedra volcánica negro (basalto). El conjunto se destaca por la armonía de formas y colores, así como para dar la sensación de un espacio mucho más expandida.
El presbiterio, elevado por encima de la nave, ve altamente exaltado el lugar donde el obispo, sentado en el trono (el nicho, construido en el interior del ábside), ha presidido el desarrollo de la liturgia.
La Ambo, el lugar de la proclamación de la Palabra, es de estilo gótico, probablemente de nuevo a la construcción de la iglesia, y está apoyado en la tercera columna de la derecha. Parece querer ser el vínculo entre el presbiterio y la nave, donde los fieles se reúnen.
En la parte trasera de la iglesia, apoyado en la pared norte, se observa un sarcófago en que está tallada una pastoral y una cruz, y un pequeño monumento funerario con la escultura de un obispo fallecido ataviado con vestiduras pontificias. La tradición y la religiosidad popular sentían que pertenecían a la Santísima Goffredo, el Obispo que construyó las Sorres catedral.
Bibliografía: Regina Mundi
Dans la série "schémas contre-intuitifs" :
"Within S. salamandra, two main clades can be distinguished: one clade with the Apenninic subspecies S. s. gigliolii nested within the Iberian S. s. bernardezi/fastuosa; and a second clade comprising all other Iberian, Central and East European subspecies."
Les schemas d'éclairage a découvrir ici : www.strobi.fr/theme-17-gueule-de-bois/
Lighting setup are available here : www.strobi.fr/theme-17-gueule-de-bois/
One beauty dish over the model for the 5 pictures on the left, and one big softbox grided for the picture on the right
Zitat meines alten Profs:
"Stellen sie sich vor...das Horner Schema, NACKT vor der Tür!"
Dieses Bild bekommt man nie mehr aus meinem Kopf.
Quote my old Math-Prof:
"Imagin...the Horner's method, nacked in front of the door!"
I never get ride of this image.
This is the garden of the Văratec Monastery, Romania. “The monastery was founded in 1785 by Schema nun Olimpiada, with her confessor, Father Iosif. In this work, mother Olimpiada was guided by Father Paisius Velichkovsky, hegumen of Neamț Monastery. The monastery was set under the guidance of Agapia Monastery, which was close by, and afterwards the Monastery became an independent monastery in 1839.
“Massive stone walls enclose the main church, ‘The Dormition of the Virgin Mary,’ [originally a wooden church] the abbot's building and the administrative buildings (on the northern side of the enclosure) and the monastery's Museum, where the ‘Queen Mary’ workshop used to be (in the building on the south side). The monastic precinct is surrounded by the monastery village, made up of rural traditional houses, where the nuns live, and which lie along narrow alleys.” (Wikipedia)
Hier (nog) volgens schema rijdt het lege materieel voor de Autoslaaptrein van Watergraafsmeer naar Den Bosch. Later kwam een technisch mankement aan het licht, waardoor deze te laat aankwam in Den Bosch voor de rit naar Allessandria.
Die dritte Generation (F54 ff) des Mini wurde im November 2013 auf der LA Auto Show vorgestellt. Geändert wurden u. a. das Tagfahrlicht, das nun einen 4/5-Ring um das Abblendlicht bildet. Auch wurden der Kühlergrill sowie die Rückleuchten vergrößert. Die auffälligsten Änderungen der neuen F56-Baureihe wurden im Innenraum vorgenommen, hier wurde das zentrale Tachometer durch ein neues Multimedia-System mit integriertem Ambilight ausgetauscht.
... große Rundscheinwerfer vertrauen auf das Kindchen-Schema und machen den Mini schnell zum Frauenheld.
...
§ 1 (gegenseitige Rücksichtnahme)
In solchen Fällen müssen auch die Verkehrsteilnehmer auf der vorfahrtberechtigten Straße damit rechnen, dass die von rechts kommenen Fahrer die Vorfahrt falsch einschätzen.
Richtig ist, dass man jeden auf der durchgehenden Fahrbahn durchlassen muss, wenn man vom abgesenkten Bordstein kommt. In der "Hierachie" ist man als letzter dran.
Nach § 10 StVO werden Zufahrten, die über einen abgesenkten Bordstein führen, Grundstücksausfahren gleichgestellt, d.h. wer aus einer solchen Zufahrt in ein Straße einfährt hat zu warten, auch wenn er von rechts kommt.
Mini (BMW Group)
Das Werk wurde in BMW Works Oxford umbenannt und für die Produktion des aktuellen Mini modernisiert.
Einzelne Teile werden in den Werken in Swindon und Hams Hall [GB], der Mini Countryman sowie der Paceman im Magna-Steyr-Werk in Graz (Österreich) gefertigt.
Die Magna Steyr AG & Co KG ist ein österreichischer Automobilhersteller, dessen Zentrale und auch gleichzeitig größter Produktionsstandort Graz ist.
Zurzeit werden am Standort Graz neben der Mercedes G-Klasse noch der MINI Countryman und der MINI Paceman produziert.
de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magna_Steyr
Mit einem Anteil von 42,1 % war das dreitürige Basismodell Mini Hatch das absatzstärkste Auto aller Mini-Modelle.
MINI COOPER D
ein deutscher BMW (Familie) - englischer Mini Cooper - mit französischem Citroen Motor
Motor 3-Zylinder, 4-Ventiler, Turbodiesel, Partikelfilter
(von PSA Peugeot Citroen DS
wie im Peugeot 207 - PEUGEOT 207 90 HDi FAP - nur agiler)
Höchstgeschwindigkeit 188 km/h
Beschleunigung 0 - 100 km/h 10.8 SEC
Hubraum 1496 cm3
Leistung 85 kW / 116 PS bei 4000 /min
Max. Drehmoment 270 Nm bei 1750 /min - 2250 rpm
Leergewicht 1310 kg.
Getriebe 6-Gang, manuell
5,5 l Verbrauch Eco
Verbrauch - Innerorts 5.2 l/100 km.
Verbrauch - Außerorts 4.4 l/100 km.
Verbrauch - Kombiniert 4.7 l/100 km.
Bei Spritmonitor.de liegt der Durchschnitt bei 5,8 Liter und damit in etwa einen Liter über EU Angabe des Herstellers.
oder mit mehr Fahrspaß:
---
Der Zwei Liter Diesel
für etwa 25.000 € ?
-
Motorart
4-Zylinder Diesel
.
Schadstoffklasse
Euro5
.
Kraftstoffart
Diesel
.
Hubraum (evt.Hubraumart)
1995 ccm
.
Leistung
105 kW (143 PS)
.
bei
4000 U/min
.
Drehmoment
305 Nm
.
bei
1750 U/min
.
Kraftübertragung
Frontantrieb
.
Getriebe
6-Gang-Schaltgetriebe
letzlich:
ein
- top Modell
Mini Cabrio John Cooper Works
Das pfiffige Cabriodach mit Schiebedachfunktion des neuen Mini Cabrio und der starke 2,0-Liter-Vierzylinder-Turbo mit 231 PS des Mini Topmodells John Cooper Works.
Schon ab 1.250 Umdrehungen werden 320 Newtonmeter auf die Vorderachse losgelassen.
... in 6,6 Sekunden von 0 auf 100 km/h.
... Die Automatikvariante benötigt nur 6,5 Sekunden, läuft aber nur 240 statt 242 km/h. Nicht nur in diesen stürmischen Momenten schluckt Big John mehr als die von Mini angegebenen 5,9 bis 6,5 l/100 km Super.
Höchstgeschwindigkeit 242 km/h
Leergewicht 1235 kg.
Auch bei der Bestellung heißt es Schlucken. Der Preis des neuen John Cooper Works Cabrio ist mit 33.500 Euro gar nicht mini.
Theorie: typ- zugelassen
Verbrauch - Innerorts 8.6 l/100 km.
Verbrauch - Außerorts 5.4 l/100 km.
Verbrauch - Kombiniert 6.5 l/100 km.
Super
Montalcino, Siena,Toscana, Italia © 2015 All rights reserved
FotoSketcher: Oil painting and lively
Nikon coolpix p 7100
La Chiesa di Sant'Agostino
La chiesa di Sant'Agostino è un edificio sacro che si trova lungo il corso centrale di Montalcino.La costruzione dell'imponente chiesa è riferibile al primo Trecento.La facciata è divisa in due parti da una lista di pietra: quella inferiore è aperta da un portale cuspidato con pinnacoli laterali e cornice decorata a fogliette stilizzate; quella superiore appare frutto di restauro, con l'inserimento di un grande occhio con rosone. L'interno ripete il consueto schema conventuale, con un'ampia navata conclusa da una cappella quadrangolare con volta a crociera.
Montalcino
Montalcino è un comune italiano di 5,139 abitanti[2],collocato a 564 m s.l.m. della provincia di Siena in Toscana. È una località nota per la produzione del vino Brunello. Il profilo del paese è tipico di un borgo medioevale e grazie alla sua collocazione possiamo ammirare uno splendido paesaggio, a tal proposito in epoca medioevale è stata costruita una fortezza da cui la popolazione poteva intercettare e difendersi a sua volta dai nemici ed oggi grazie a operazioni di restauro può essere visitata. Grazie alla posizione della città, dominante la cima di una collina, dai suoi viali la vista può spaziare sulle valli dell'Ombrone e dell'Asso. Come molti dei borghi medievali della Toscana, Montalcino ha vissuto lunghi periodi di pace e che hanno consentito agli abitanti una certa prosperità. Questa pace e la prosperità, tuttavia, è stata interrotta da una serie di episodi estremamente violenti. Come satellite di Siena, al momento della Battaglia di Montaperti 1260, Montalcino fu profondamente coinvolto nei conflitti in cui anche Siena era coinvolta, in particolare in quelli con la città di Firenze nel corso del XIV secolo e del XV.. Montalcino deve la sua fortuna nel trovarsi al centro di una delle più importanti zone di coltivazione di uva. Il territorio, infatti, è celebrato per la presenza di vigneti di Sangiovese dai quali si ottiene il famoso Brunello di Montalcino e che vengono utilizzati, inoltre, per la produzione di due altri DOC: il Rosso di Montalcino e il Sant'Antimo.
The church of St. Augustine
The church of St. Augustine is a sacred building is located along the central street Montalcino.
La construction of the imposing church is of the first Trecento. La facade is divided into two parts by a list of stone: the lower one is open a pointed portal with lateral pinnacles and decorated frame stylized leaflets; the upper one appears the result of restoration, with the insertion of a large eye with rosette. The interior repeats the usual pattern convent, with a wide nave ended by a quadrangular chapel with vault
Montalcino
Montalcino is a hill town and comune in Tuscany, Italy. It is famous for its Brunello di Montalcino wine.The town is located to the west of Pienza, close to the Crete Senesi in Val d'Orcia. It is 42 kilometres (26 mi) from Siena, 110 kilometres (68 mi) from Florence and 150 kilometres (93 mi) from Pisa. The Monte Amiata is located nearby. Like many of the medieval towns of Tuscany, Montalcino experienced long periods of peace and often enjoyed a measure of prosperity. This peace and prosperity was, however, interrupted by a number of extremely violent episodes.During the late Middle Ages it was an independent commune with considerable importance owing to its location on the old Via Francigena, the main road between France and Rome, but increasingly Montalcino came under the sway of the larger and more aggressive city of Siena. As a satellite of Siena since the Battle of Montaperti in 1260, Montalcino was deeply involved and affected by the conflicts in which Siena became embroiled, particularly in those with the city of Florence in the 14th and 15th centuries, and like many other cities in central and northern Italy, the town was also caught up in the internecine wars between the Ghibellines (supporters of the Holy Roman Empire) and the Guelphs (supporters of the Papacy) In the case of Montalcino, gradual economic decline has recently been reversed by economic growth due to the increasing popularity of the town's famous wine Brunello di Montalcino, made from the sangiovese grosso grapes grown within the comune. The number of producers of the wine has grown from only 11 in the 1960s to more than 200 today, producing some 330,000 cases of the Brunello wine annually. Brunello was the first wine to be awarded Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita (DOCG) status. In addition to Brunello di Montalcino, which must be aged five years prior to release, 6 years for the Riserva, Rosso di Montalcino (DOC), made from sangiovese grosso grapes and aged one year, and a variety of Super Tuscan wines are also produced within the comune, as well as the Moscadello sweet white wines for which it was most famous until the development of the Brunello series.
it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiesa_di_Sant'Agostino_(Montalcino)
Andrea Mantegna, (1431 - 1506) - Lamentation over the Dead Christ (c. 1475-1478) cm 68 × 81 - Pinacoteca di Brera Milan
L’iconografia dell’opera, probabilmente destinata alla devozione privata dell’artista, rimanda allo schema compositivo del Compianto sul Cristo morto, che prevede la presenza dei dolenti riuniti attorno al corpo preparato per la sepoltura, deposto sulla pietra dell’unzione e già cosparso di profumi.
La composizione produce un grande impatto emotivo, accentuato dall’impressionante scorcio prospettico: il corpo di Cristo è vicinissimo al punto di vista dello spettatore che, guardandolo, è trascinato al centro del dramma; inoltre, ogni dettaglio viene esaltato dal tratto incisivo delle linee, che costringono lo sguardo a soffermarsi sui particolari più terribili, sulle membra irrigidite dal rigor mortis così come sulle ferite, ostentatamente presentate in primo piano come stabilito dalla tradizione di questo genere d’immagine.
Si tratta di un vertice assoluto della produzione mantegnesca, un’opera che per la forza espressiva, per la severa compostezza e per la maestria della finzione prospettica è diventata uno dei simboli più noti del Rinascimento italiano.
The iconography of the work, probably intended for the artist’s private devotion, refers to the compositional scheme of the Lamentation over the Dead Christ, in which mourners are gathered around the body prepared for burial, laid out on the stone of unction and already anointed with perfumes.
The composition produces a great emotional impact, accentuated by the extreme foreshortening: Christ’s body is very close to the viewpoint of the observer who, looking at it, is drawn into the center of the drama; moreover, every detail is enhanced by the incisiveness of the lines, which compels the gaze to linger over the most terrible details, over the members stiffened in rigor mortis as well as the wounds, ostentatiously presented in the foreground as called for by the tradition of this type of image.
It is an absolute peak in Mantegna’s production, a work whose expressive force, severe composure and masterly handling of the illusion of perspective have made it one of the best-known symbols of the Italian Renaissance.
Originala 060-EA-002 in schema actuala CFR Calatori si numere actuale !
The original ASEA 060-EA-002 lok with actual paintscheme and actual numbers !
Train : 4508 Deda - Brasov
Toplita, 02.03.2013
Mooi volgens schema rijdt hier EETC met het ledig mat van de Autoslaaptrein door de ingraving in Assel.
Fp100c peel apart film fujifilm composition land camera polaroid #polaroid #fp100c #fujifilm #greek #greece #modernart #art #arts #analog #polaroidoriginals
Mark Swysen est intrigué par le comportement humain. Il analyse les questions sociales sous différents angles tels que la psychologie, la biologie et la religion. Pour libérer le visiteur d'un schéma de pensée unidimensionnel, il présente de nouvelles couches de sens et de possibilités d'interprétation.
Sur le plan art-philosophique, il embrasse le credo d'Arthur Danto selon lequel l'art est un « sens incarné », présenté sous la forme d'un « rêve éveillé ». Pour Mark Swysen, ce dernier est un ingrédient crucial : il ajoute la sauce indéfinissable de poésie, de mysticisme, de fantaisie, d'humour, de déséquilibre et d'imprévisibilité qui fait de l'artefact une œuvre d'art.
Pour donner forme à ses idées, l'artiste part à la recherche des stimuli visuels les plus étonnants. Il arrache des objets du quotidien à leur contexte et les assemble dans un tout autre contexte.
Tout matériau, objet, technologie ou phénomène peut apparaître comme un instrument dans son langage visuel. En raison de leur influence sous-cutanée sur le cerveau humain, la lumière, le son, l'odorat et le mouvement comptent parmi ses médiums de prédilection.
Mark Swysen is intrigued by human behavior. It analyzes social issues from different angles such as psychology, biology and religion. To free the visitor from a one-dimensional thought pattern, it presents new layers of meaning and interpretive possibilities.
On the art-philosophical level, it embraces Arthur Danto's creed that art is 'embodied meaning', presented in the form of a 'waking dream'. For Mark Swysen, the latter is a crucial ingredient: it adds the indefinable sauce of poetry, mysticism, fantasy, humor, imbalance and unpredictability that makes the artifact a work of art.
To give shape to his ideas, the artist goes in search of the most astonishing visual stimuli. He tears everyday objects out of their context and assembles them in a completely different context.
Any material, object, technology or phenomenon can appear as an instrument in its visual language. Due to their subcutaneous influence on the human brain, light, sound, smell and movement are among his favorite mediums.
The Vectar Bovis pattern support carrier is made for longer distances as the other ships from ... dunno who he/she/it is. It can fly in any athmosphere because of its four powerfull engines. 32 people can take place in one of this ships, if the seats are getting removed it could carry a vehicle.
___________________________
It's made out of a stock xD
A partial schema showing relationships between the aerial spirits of the Theurgia Goetia/Steganographia and the human spine.
(Source: larkfall)
Grazie Per le vostre gradite visite
La Cattedrale di San Pietro di Sorres, si trova su una collina a poca distanza dal paese di Borutta, a circa 40 Km da Sassari.
La cattedrale di San Pietro di Sorres è, indubbiamente, una delle più belle chiese in stile romanico-pisano. L’edificazione avvenne, come era normale per quell’epoca, in più tempi. Come data d’inizio si parla del 1170. La chiesa, con molto probabilità, fu completata nel 1200, ad opera di quel Mariane Maistro che ha lasciato la sua firma nel gradino sottostante la porta principale.
La facciata, rivolta ad ovest, è l’elemento architettonico più elaborato di tutto il monumento. Essa si sviluppa in uno schema geometrico ripartito su quattro livelli di cui i primi tre sono ritmati da arcate e l’ultimo, liscio, termina con un timpano al cui centro sta un occhio circolare con una croce in pietra. La bifora del secondo ordine denuncia influssi orientali nella forma degli archetti. La parte alta della facciata evidenzia il secondo intervento, realizzato per terminare la costruzione con l’elevazione della navata centrale.
I muri laterali esterni sono impreziositi da mensole e da intarsi decorativi.
L’Abside, baciata dal sole nascente che penetra nella chiesa da tre monofore, incanta per la sua eleganza e per lo slancio architettonico della loggetta cieca, su cui emerge la croce.
L’interno ha pianta basilicale a tre navate, separate da due file di sei pilastri cruciformi e coperta da volte a crociera, realizzata in pietra nera vulcanica (basalto). L’insieme colpisce per l’armonia delle forme e dei colori, così da dare la sensazione di uno spazio molto ampliato.
Il Presbiterio, sopraelevato rispetto alla navata, vede fortemente esaltato il luogo dove il Vescovo, assiso sulla cattedra (la nicchia, realizzata all’interno dell’abside), presiedeva lo svolgersi della Liturgia.
L’Ambone, luogo della proclamazione della Parola, è in stile gotico, probabilmente posteriore all’edificazione della chiesa, e rimane addossato al terzo pilastro di destra. Esso sembra voler far da tramite tra il presbiterio sopraelevato e la navata, dove si raccolgono i fedeli.
In fondo alla chiesa, addossati alla parete nord, si notano un sarcofago su cui è scolpito un pastorale e un croce, e un piccolo monumento funerario con la scultura di un vescovo defunto rivestito degli abiti pontificali. La tradizione e la pietà popolare hanno ritenuto che appartenessero al Beato Goffredo, il Vescovo che fece erigere la cattedrale di Sorres.
Bibliografia: Regina Mundi
Thanks for your welcome visits
The San Pietro di Sorres, is located on a hill not far from the village of Borutta, about 40 km from Sassari.
The Cathedral of St. Peter of Sorres is, undoubtedly, one of the most beautiful churches in the Pisan-Romanesque style. The construction took place, as was normal for that time, in several stages. As we talk about the start date of 1170. The church, with much probability, was completed in 1200, at the hands of that Mariane Maistro who left his signature in the step below the main door.
The facade, facing west, is the most elaborate architectural element of the whole monument. It grows in a geometric pattern spread across four levels of which the first three are punctuated by arcades and the last, smooth, ends with a gable at the center is a circular eye with a stone cross. The second order mullioned complaint Eastern influences in the form of arches. The top of the façade shows the second operation, designed to finish the construction with the elevation of the nave.
The outer side walls are embellished with shelves and decorative inlays.
The Apse, the Rising Sun that penetrates into the church by three single, enchants for its elegance and for the momentum of the architectural blind loggia, which shows the cross.
The interior has a basilica plan with three naves separated by two rows of six cruciform pillars and covered by cross vaults, made of black volcanic stone (basalt). The set is striking for the harmony of shapes and colors, so as to give the feeling of a space much expanded.
The Presbytery, elevated above the nave, sees highly exalted the place where the bishop, seated on the throne (the niche, built inside the apse), presided over the unfolding of the Liturgy.
The Ambo, the place of the proclamation of the Word, is Gothic, probably back to the building of the church, and is leaning against the third pillar of the right. It seems to want to be the link between the presbytery and the nave, where the faithful gather.
In back of the church, leaning against the north wall, you notice a sarcophagus on which is carved a pastoral and a cross, and a small funerary monument with the sculpture of a deceased bishop attired in pontifical vestments. The tradition and popular piety felt that they belonged to the Blessed Goffredo, the Bishop that he built the cathedral Sorres.
Bibliography: Regina Mundi
Gracias por sus visitas de bienvenida
El San Pietro di Sorres, está situado en una colina cerca de la aldea de Borutta, a unos 40 km de Sassari.
La Catedral de San Pedro de Sorres es, sin duda, una de las más bellas iglesias de estilo románico-pisana. La construcción se llevó a cabo, como era normal en aquella época, en varias etapas. Como hablamos de la fecha de inicio de 1170. La iglesia, con mucha probabilidad, se completó en 1200, a manos de los que Mariane Maistro que dejaron su firma en el paso por debajo de la puerta principal.
La fachada, orientada al oeste, es el elemento arquitectónico más elaborada de todo el monumento. Crece en un patrón geométrico repartidas en cuatro niveles de los cuales los tres primeros son interrumpidas por arcadas y la última, suave, termina con un frontón en el centro es un ojo circular con una cruz de piedra. El segundo fin geminadas influencias orientales de quejas en forma de arcos. La parte superior de la fachada muestra la segunda operación, diseñado para terminar la construcción con la elevación de la nave.
Las paredes laterales exteriores están adornados con estantes y incrustaciones decorativas.
El Ábside, Sol Naciente que penetra en la iglesia por tres simple, encanta por su elegancia y por el impulso de la logia ciega de arquitectura, que muestra la cruz.
El interior tiene planta basilical con tres naves separadas por dos filas de seis pilares cruciformes y cubiertos por bóvedas de crucería, hechas de piedra volcánica negro (basalto). El conjunto se destaca por la armonía de formas y colores, así como para dar la sensación de un espacio mucho más expandida.
El presbiterio, elevado por encima de la nave, ve altamente exaltado el lugar donde el obispo, sentado en el trono (el nicho, construido en el interior del ábside), ha presidido el desarrollo de la liturgia.
La Ambo, el lugar de la proclamación de la Palabra, es de estilo gótico, probablemente de nuevo a la construcción de la iglesia, y está apoyado en la tercera columna de la derecha. Parece querer ser el vínculo entre el presbiterio y la nave, donde los fieles se reúnen.
En la parte trasera de la iglesia, apoyado en la pared norte, se observa un sarcófago en que está tallada una pastoral y una cruz, y un pequeño monumento funerario con la escultura de un obispo fallecido ataviado con vestiduras pontificias. La tradición y la religiosidad popular sentían que pertenecían a la Santísima Goffredo, el Obispo que construyó las Sorres catedral.
Bibliografía: Regina Mundi
SCHEMA, installation of cut-out drawings.
In a show called PROSCENIUM MACHINIUM, at Gallery 9, 9 Darley street, Darlinghurst, Sydney, till August 25th.
Test del mio nuovo progetto : attivatore sonoro per flash
Per maggiori informazioni:
versione standard con schema elettrico : www.bigmike.it/soundtrigger/index_it.html
versione avanzata : www.bigmike.it/advsoundtrigger/index_it.html
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ENGLISH
Testing my new project: sound flash trigger
More info:
standard version with schematic : www.bigmike.it/soundtrigger/
advanced version : www.bigmike.it/advsoundtrigger/