Relator photos on Flickr

Crowle Manor Terrier 1738 - Nmbers relate to manorial Plan

Letter relating to North Queensland tourist brochures, 10 March 1959 by Queensland State Archives

Letter dated 10 March 1959 from the Queensland Government Tourist Bureau Travel Service, Sydney to Mr C J Clay re tourist brochures relating to North Queensland

Queensland State Archives Item ID2057091, Correspondence - outwards

Relator Previdência by CNI Confederação Nacional da Indústria

Deputado Arthur Maia (PPS-BA), relator da reforma da Previdência Social na Câmara dos Deputados.

Brasília (DF) 25.01.2018 - Foto: José Paulo Lacerda

NEW DRONE REGULATIONS IN IRELAND AND THE USA [EFFECTIVE 21 DECEMBER 2015]-110392 by William Murphy

Today in Ireland and in the US new regulations relating to drones has been introduced [effective from the 21st of December 2015]. There are many similarities in the regulations but there is one major differences in that here in Ireland they have not mention the penalties for failure to register but in the US the cost of failure to register appears to be rather extreme … “civil penalties up to $27,500, or criminal penalties up to 3 years in prison and $250,000.” According to the minister the aim here in Ireland is to encourage drone users to be responsible citizens.

I have included the press releases from both administrations, have a read and see what you think.

Thursday, 17th December 2015: The Irish Aviation Authority (IAA) today announced a new drone regulation which includes the mandatory registration of all drones weighing 1kg or more from Monday, 21st December 2015.

The use of drones worldwide is expanding rapidly and there are estimated to be between 4,000 – 5,000 drones already in use in Ireland. Ireland has taken a proactive role in this fast emerging area and is currently one of only a handful of EU Member states that has legislation governing the use of drones.

The new legislation is intended to further enhance safety within Ireland and specifically addresses the safety challenges posed by drones.

From 21st December 2015, all drones weighing 1kg or more must be registered with the IAA via www.iaa.ie/drones. Drone registration is a simple two-step process. To register a drone, the registrant must be 16 years of age or older (Drones operated by those under 16 years of age must be registered by a parent or legal guardian). A nominal fee will apply from February 2016 but this has been initially waived by the IAA in order to encourage early registration.

Mr Ralph James, IAA Director of Safety Regulation, said

“Ireland is already recognised worldwide as a centre of excellence for civil aviation and the drone sector presents another major opportunity for Ireland. We’re closely working with industry to facilitate its successful development here. At the same time, safety is our top priority and we must ensure that drones are used in a safe way and that they do not interfere with all other forms of aviation.

Mr James explained that drone registration has been made a mandatory requirement as this will help the IAA to monitor the sector in the years ahead. The IAA encourages all drone operators to take part in training courses which are available through a number of approved drone training organisations.

“We would strongly encourage drone operators to register with us as quickly as possible, to complete a training course and to become aware of their responsibilities. People operating drones must do so in safe and responsible manner and in full compliance with the new regulations”, he said.

Welcoming the introduction of drone regulation, Minister for Transport, Tourism and Sport, Paschal Donohoe TD highlighted the importance of the new legislation and commended the IAA for the efficient manner to have the new registration system in place so quickly.

“The core safety message promoted today advocates the safe use of drones in civilian airspace. The development of drone technology brings opportunities as well as challenges for businesses and services in Ireland. I expect hundreds if not thousands of drones to be bought as presents this Christmas so getting the message to ensure that new owners and operators are aware of their responsibilities and the requirement to register all drones over 1 kg from 21st December 2015 is key. Tremendous potential exists for this sector and Ireland is at the forefront of its development. The speedy response by the IAA to this fast developing aviation area will make sure that drones are properly regulated and registered for use. As a result, Ireland is well placed to exploit the drone sector and to ensure industry growth in this area,” he said.

The new legislation prohibits users from operating their drones in an unsafe manner. This includes never operating a drone:

• if it will be a hazard to another aircraft in flight

• over an assembly of people

• farther than 300m from the operator

• within 120m of any person, vessel or structure not under the operator’s control

• closer than 5km from an aerodrome

• in a negligent or reckless manner so as to endanger life or property of others

• over 400ft (120m) above ground level

• over urban areas

• in civil of military controlled airspace

• in restricted areas (e.g. military installations, prisons, etc.)

• unless the operator has permission from the landowner for takeoff and landing.

For further information please visit www.iaa.ie/drones and see the IAA’s detailed Q&A sheet.

The Federal Aviation Administration has officially launched the drone registration program first reported in October. Drone operators are required to register their UAVs with the Unmanned Aircraft System registry starting December 21. Failure to register could result in criminal and civil penalties.

Under the new system, all aircraft must be registered with the FAA including those 'operated by modelers and hobbyists.' Once registered, drone operators must carry the registration certificate during operation. This new system only applies to drones weighing more than 0.55lbs/250g and less than 55lbs/25kg. The only exception to the registration requirement is indoor drone flights.

Required registration information includes a mailing address and physical address, email address, and full names; however, no information on the drone's make, model, or serial number is required from recreational users. Non-recreational users will need to provide drone information, including serial number, when that particular registration system goes live.

Failure to register could result in civil penalties up to $27,500, or criminal penalties up to 3 years in prison and $250,000. A $5 registration charge is applied, but will be refunded to those who register before January 20. The registration certificate is sent in an email to be printed at home.

Colombo by Moonlight 019, 1033353 by Auckland Museum Commons

3

This lantern slide relates to a photograph taken by Clement Lindley Wragge (b.1852, d.1922), date unknown.

The slide shows possibly a photograph of painting. A shoreline featuring palm trees and tropical plants. Text on photograph reads "Colombo by Moonlight.".

Inscription Details: Handwritten in blue ink on recto, top of plate, " N.E. Monsoon Holland 22-7-'22". Handwritten in blue ink on recto, bottom left, "O19".

Credit: Shared by Auckland War Memorial Museum, Tāmaki Paenga Hira, as part of the Clement Lindley Wragge collection.

Rights: No known copyright restrictions.

Reference: 235860|PH-1984-1-LS78-3-89|O19

For more details, please visit: www.aucklandmuseum.com/discover/collections/record/1033353

Tinryland-Bennekerry Parochial Return, 1858 by Delany Archive Ireland

Parochial returns were requested intermittently by the Bishop from priests assigned to parishes. This 1858 return relates to the parish of Tinryland-Bennekerry and was completed by Fr Joseph Murray, parish priest.

1.What is the extent of the Parish or Union?

About 10 miles by 5 do

2.What is the account population of the population? State the number of Males and Females, And – if convenient – the number under 12 years

Under three thousand

I suppose the number of both sexes to be nearly equal. Cannot state exactly the number under 12 years, but believe it to be about one third of the entire population

3.What is the number of schools in the parish? What books are used in them?

Two in connection with the Board of N. Education, and four private schools

The books used (generally) in all schools are those published by the Board, and used in the N. Schools

4.What is the age and character of teachers?

The teachers ages range from 40 to twenty years. Characters of all good.

5.What is the average number of the Children who attended these Schools for the last year?

About 300

6.What proportion of these Children read and write?

about 2 thirds

7.Do any Children in the Parish attend Schools which have not your approval for their Education?

At present I know of but one such child

8.If so, how many Children and for what reason or pretext?

The pretext of the parents of the one child is poverty, and a hope, rather than a certainty of having their child fed & clothed

9.What Religious Confraternities or Sodalities are now existing in the Parish?

There is the Confraternity of the Scapular – of the Christian Doctrine, & of the Sacred Heart

10.What is the number of members in each of said Sodalities?

They are generally the same persons that are connected with the different sodalities, and number about 250

11.What is the average number of Children – distinguishing Male and Female – who attended at the Catechism Schools in each Church and Chapel in the Parish on Sundays and Holidays for the last year?

about 60 males & 60 females in one Church and about 60 males & 40 females in the other

12.What number of books was given out by the Religious Book Society or Parochial Librarian within the last year?

We have but very few books in our parochial libraries, and they are seldom called for, being in a bad state

13.What is the number of Pious Reading Schools in each Church and Chapel in the Parish on Sunday and Holidays?

Two in each of the Parochial Chapels

14.What is the number of Children who made their First Communion within this year?

About 80

Joseph Murray P.P. of Tinryland & Benekerry

Note: The spelling and punctuation used in this transcription replicate the original document.

Document code: KL/P/TD/4

Our images are copyright. Please contact us if you wish to reproduce any image: delanyarchive@carlowcollege.ie

Number 11! by Mohanram Sathyanarayanan

4

How would you relate number 11 with the monumental golden gate bridge?..While some may come up with a creative answer relating the towers to resemble '11' , let's travel back in time. Construction of this steel mega structure began in Jan, 1933. With no modern day building techniques, it took little over 4 years to complete (April, 1937). If you're wondering what '11' has to do with it's history, it is the number of deaths that were reported during the construction of the bridge. Reaching the skies, killing 11 people, it aids more than 120,000 cars everyday to reach in and out of San Francisco. Dedicating this picture to those 11 brave men who lost their lives bridging the future.

About the picture:

This picture was taken from Battery Spencer, during my photo trip. It was almost 5-6 in the evening and we were literally pounded by some brutal winds that almost knocked us down to ground. It was yet another foggy day with a layer of fog covering the bridge and the Sun. I waited for the moment when the bridge became fully visible and I was lucky to have the sun, shine on one of the towers.

Dance Drama - Kagura - Japanese Ritual Dance by Vasu..

Kagura, a shamanic ritual of ancient Japan was performed here recently. Team Viva attended

Shinto, the ancient Japanese religion has many rites and rituals relating to sacred worship. Among them is the Kagura, a theatrical dance, performed wearing heavy, colourful costumes of animals, with demon masks and featuring graceful body movements.

It was delivered by the Iwami Kagura troupe. The whole extravaganza was divided in three parts.

The last was particularly riveting. It involved a huge bamboo and paper serpent, about 40cm in diameter and 16mts long.

Tomoharu Katsuta, director of The Japan-India Association explained, “This is a sacred dance offered to Gods and Goddess at local shrines during the autumn harvest festival. It is based on old scriptures and was begun during 1100AD, by Shinto priests. Ordinary folk began performing it from the start of the Meiji Era, from 1869-1912, using Taiko drums, hand claps and flutes.”

It originally lasted for 12 hours, beginning from 7pm. It ended by 7am. The Delhi show was organised by ICCR and supported by the Embassy of Japan.

The evening began with a section called the Jin-rin, named after a demon, represented with a big mask. It was followed by Ebisu, the of fishing and Orochi, the name of a giant serpent. “According to myth, Jin-rinwas a winged demon king who flew all over Japan and killed people.” Later, King Chuai, second son of Emperor Yamato Takeru decided to kill the Jin-rin. The second piece featured Ebisu and Daikoku, God of wealth and prosperity. This is usually performed at weddings and auspicious ceremonies.

Orochi’s story involves an old couple and their daughter. The serpent would take the girls away and kill them. The couple was saved by the hero, Susano no Mikoto, who was exiled from the Heaven called Takamagahara. He asked the couples to make eight barrels of strong sake (rice wine), because the Orochi serpent had eight heads and eight tails. And its length swept over eight mountains and eight valleys.

“Mikoto succeeded in killing the monster while it was drunk and sleeping. Since then, sake is used to be drink in the weddings,” explained Tomoharu Katsuta.

He added, “This traditional dance form is used as a tool for Japans’ cultural exchange activities. It includes the Orochi (giant evil Serpent) episode, which received acclaim for its scale and dynamic movement. And the Iwami Kagura is a source of pride for locals. However, the big masks used, with their small eyes, create problem for performers vision. And the heavy costumes weigh over 20kgs, with gold and silver threads, plus glass beads.” Carrying the heavy serpent is also a tough job.

[Credit to Pioneer article]

Bill Signing to Expand Protections and Support for Women and Keiki by Governor Neil Abercrombie

The Governor signed the following bills today:

SB535 (Relating to Labor) makes Hawaii the second state – after New York – to place basic labor protections for domestic workers into law. It also establishes basic rights and protections for domestic workers, entitles workers to overtime pay and time for meal and rest breaks, and provides basic civil rights protections against abuse and harassment.

HB1187 (Relating to Human Trafficking) designates January as Human Trafficking Awareness Month and adds minor victims of sex and labor trafficking to the scope of the Child Protective Act and other state child abuse laws.

HB1068 (Relating to Human Trafficking) requires certain employers to display a poster that provides information relating to human trafficking and contact information for the National Human Trafficking Resource Center Hotline.

SB192 (Relating to Prostitution) makes solicitation of a minor a crime and increases the statute of limitations to bring a cause of action for coercion into prostitution from 2 to 6 years. It also clarifies the minimum and maximum fine for a person convicted of committing the offense of prostitution; adds the offenses of solicitation of a minor for prostitution, habitual solicitation of prostitution, and solicitation of prostitution near schools and public parks under the state’s forfeiture laws; amends the definition of “sexual offense” under the sexual offender registry laws to include acts that consist of the solicitation of a minor who is less than 18 years of age for prostitution; and requires registration with the sexual offender registry for conviction of solicitation of a minor for prostitution as a Tier 1 offense.

HB587 (Relating to the Penal Code) amends the penal code to include that it shall be unlawful to physically abuse persons in a “dating relationship.” It also requires a police officer to separate a perpetrator and family or household member who has been physically abused for 48 hours.

SB655 (Relating to Health) allows health professionals to treat partners of patients diagnosed as having certain sexually transmitted diseases by dispensing or prescribing medication to the partners without examining them. The measure also ensures that expedited partner therapy is in accordance with Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines and recommendations, and it provides limited liability protection.

SB532 (Relating to Breastfeeding in the Workplace) requires certain employers to provide reasonable time and private location for breastfeeding employees to express breast milk. The measure also requires covered employers to post a notice, and it establishes a civil fine for each violation.

SB1340 (Relating to Foster Care) extends voluntary foster care to age 21.

SB529 (Relating to Parental Rights) requires family courts to deny custody or visitation, and allows courts to terminate parental rights, to a person convicted of a sexual assault with respect to the child conceived through that assault.

Mountrath Parochial Return, 1858 by Delany Archive Ireland

Parochial returns were requested intermittently by the Bishop from priests assigned to parishes. This 1858 return relates to the parish of Mountrath and was completed by Fr James Dunne, parish priest.

1.What is the extent of the Parish or Union?

Four miles and a half in length by three in breadth

2.What is the account population of the population? State the number of Males and Females, And – if convenient – the number under 12 years

Males 1166

Females 1219

Under 12 years 707

= 3092

3.What is the number of schools in the parish? What books are used in them?

4 N.E. Schools – N.E. Books

2 Independent Schools – C.B. Books

1 N.E. School of which the P.P. is not Manager – N.E. Books

Note – 1 Protestant N.S. not attended by children of Catholics from this parish

X Boarding Schools of Nuns and Monks are not included

4.What is the age and character of teachers?

All under 40 years and one 20 years – good character

5.What is the average number of the Children who attended these Schools for the last year?

On rolls – 540

Daily attendance - 312

6.What proportion of these Children read and write?

Of the children on rolls - 359

7.Do any Children in the Parish attend Schools which have not your approval for their Education?

About 25 children attend the N. School not under the management of the P.P. and because it is a N. School

8.If so, how many Children and for what reason or pretext?

25 because it is a N.S. – intended for the tenants of the Ecclesiastical [Commrs] of Education by whom and on whose property it is built. Note – Teachers are Catholic

9.What Religious Confraternities or Sodalities are now existing in the Parish?

1 ‘Christian D. Society’ of 2 ‘Blessed Sacrament’ 3 of Mt Carmel 4 Living Rosary 5 Purgatorian Society 6 St Fintan’s a religious and literary reading room for young men

10.What is the number of members in each of said Sodalities?

1 34

2 320

3 134

4 375

5 259

6 18

11.What is the average number of Children – distinguishing Male and Female – who attended at the Catechism Schools in each Church and Chapel in the Parish on Sundays and Holidays for the last year?

Mountrath Males 290 - Females 286 = 576

Hollow Males 45 – Females 59 = 102 [sic]

_____

678 [sic]

12.What number of books was given out by the Religious Book Society or Parochial Librarian within the last year?

1225

13.What is the number of Pious Reading Schools in each Church and Chapel in the Parish on Sunday and Holidays?

Mountrath 13

Hollow 1

14.What is the number of Children who made their First Communion within this year?

154

James Dunne P.P.

Note: The spelling and punctuation used in this transcription replicate the original document.

Document code: KL/P/MH/2

Our images are copyright. Please contact us if you wish to reproduce any image: delanyarchive@carlowcollege.ie

Henry JUTSUM c1863-1943, early Christchurch business owner and SPCA mover and shaker by SandyEm

1

H. JUTSUM

15-2-1943

THE ANIMALS’ FRIEND.

Plot 324SS3

Henry JUTSUM

Aged 80 years

Occupation at death: Stationer

Born in New Zealand

Death notice:

“…at Christchurch, Harry Jutsum, of 8 Argyle Street, (Late Stationer, High street, Christchurch). Interment This Day. John Rhind.” [22]

1894

Noted as committee member of the SPCA, Christchurch [6]

1898

Letter to the editor relating to two horses having to drag two heavy cars, (Sydenham tramway line) [7]

1900

He sent a letter to the SPCA enclosing a copy of a paper on “Lampers (sic) in Horses” read by Mr W.T. Kendall, M.R.V.S., before the Veterinary Association of Farriers.[8]

And another letter relating to a child abuse case in Hornby, Christchurch stating “All I. can say in conclusion is this, that any person who uses the buckle, end of a strap on a defenceless child, causing the weals and bruises as stated to have been found on that child’s body deserve all they get, however religious, saint-like or unctuous they may appear to be, for '“By their fruits ye shall know them.”[9]

He also commenced championing for no cruelty to animals being slaughtered for food consumption and later at the same meeting was thanked by the Chairman for the interest taken in S.P.C.A. work and remarked they wanted more men like him to come forward.[10]

1901

Visited Masterton endeavouring to organise a local branch of SPCA. [11] He then did the same in Napier [12]

Referred to as “an energetic member of the Christchurch Society [SPCA]. [13]

Mentioned that due to Henry’s efforts, initial steps have been taken for SPCA branch in Wanganui. [14]

1902

“Mr H Jutsum, the agent for the society for the prevention of. cruelty to animals, has been visiting Greymouth with the object of establishing a branch of the society. Mr GS Smith has kindly consented to act as hon local secretary. The necessary papers in connection with the establishment of the branch, appointment of inspector, etc, will arrive from Wellington in a few days.” [4]

Appointed an honorary inspector to the society to act under the supervision of Mr Zouch. [15] and resigned that position a few months later as the society had decided not to allow hi to lay informations. [16]

1903

Charged with breach of peace but both parties dismissed [17]

1906

Some business adverts for his stationery shop [18]

1908

Business noted as being at Rainbow Arcade [19]

1909

Was selling dolls and other toys. [20]

1911

“James Salt was charged under the Police Offences Act with having illtreated a horse by working it when it was suffering from open sores. He pleaded guilty. Henry Jutsum, a storekeeper, stated in evidence that his attention had been drawn to the horse when it fell in Lichfield Street. The defendant had been flogging it. He had examined the horse and found open sores on its shoulders. The horse had had a collar and a false collar on, and there was dried blood and matter on both.

Constable Nugent said that the wounds on the horse were about seven inches long and an inch and a quarter wide. He had seen the horse in Drinnan's stables, where Salt was employed, but had noticed no marks of" any flogging.

The defendant said that the horse had been scalded. It was young and unused to traffic, and he had taken it out for about an hour's run, doing light delivery work, in order that it might not get too "fresh." He emphatically denied that he had flogged the horse. He had struck it with a short stick several times because it had backed into the gutter. The horse had fallen after rearing. The defendant was fined 40s and costs.” [2]

1918

Article noting Henry as secretary of the committee set up by trades unions and affiliated bodies to discuss charitable aid administration.

[5]

PAUPER FUNERALS. Mr H. Jutsum wrote on behalf of 22 trade unions, protesting againstthe methods adopted in connection with pauper funerals and said that at a recent funeral the coffin was too shallow for the person for whom it was required. He asked for a full inquiry regarding this and other charges. The chairman moved that the matter be referred to the Charitable Aid Committee to make an exhaustive inquiry and report. The motion was carried.[21]

1920, 1923 & 1926

High Street

191 Jutsum Hy, bksllr & stnr (bookseller & stationer) [7]

1933

Wises NZ Post Office Directory [3]

High Street right from Madras Street

Tuam Street intersects.

191 Jutsum Hy, fncy gds (fancy goods)

Possible relatives:

Henry JUTSUM (1816-1869) painter

His photo here

www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person.php?LinkID=mp82198

His Wikipedia page

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Jutsum

Rev. Humphrey JUTSUM

Noted as officiating at a “Wedding Extraordinary” in Cornwall

paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/WI18690529.2.13?item...

Noted as welcoming a Mr W. S Allen home from New Zealand.

paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/THS18910919.2.6?item...

SOURCES

[1]

Christchurch City Council online cemeteries database; heritage.christchurchcitylibraries.com/Cemeteries/interme...

[2]

Paperspast portal via National Library of NZ; Star (Christchurch), 6 January 1911; paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/TS19110106.2.31?item...

[3]

Ancestry.co.uk; NZ, City & Area Directories, 1866-1954

[4]

Paperspast portal via National Library of NZ; Gray River Argus, 1 February 1902; paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/GRA19020201.2.6?item...

[5]

Paperspast portal via National Library of NZ; Lyttelton Times, 18 April 1918;

paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/LT19180418.2.21?item...

[6]

Paperspast portal via National Library of NZ; Star (Christchurch), 5 October 1894

paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/TS18941005.2.41?item...

[7]

Paperspast portal via National Library of NZ; Lyttelton Times, 18 October 1898;

paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/LT18981018.2.59.4?it...

[8]

Paperspast portal via National Library of NZ; New Zealand Times, 25 September 1900;

paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/NZTIM19000925.2.19?i...

[9]

Paperspast portal via National Library of NZ; Lyttelton Times, 24 November 1900;

paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/LT19001124.2.69?item...

[10]

Paperspast portal via National Library of NZ; Press, 5 December 1900;

paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19001205.2.71?ite...

further to some of the evidence he was sourcing on cruelty, this link gives information about live animal shipping cruelty.

paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/LT19001205.2.72?item...

[11]

Paperspast portal via National Library of NZ; Wairarapa Daily Times, 4 June 1901;

paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/WDT19010604.2.7?item...

[12]

Paperspast portal via National Library of NZ; Poverty Bay Herald, 7 June 1901

paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/PBH19010607.2.40?ite...

[13]

Paperspast portal via National Library of NZ; Press, 14 June 1901;

paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19010614.2.43?ite...

[14]

Paperspast portal via National Library of NZ; The Wanganui Chronicle and Rangitikei Advertiser; 15 June 1901;

paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/WC19010615.2.8?items...

[15]

Paperspast portal via National Library of NZ; Press, 8 October 1902;

paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19021008.2.11?ite...

[16]

Paperspast portal via National Library of NZ; Lyttelton Times, 3 December 1902;

paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/LT19021203.2.27?item...

[17]

Paperspast portal via National Library of NZ; Lyttelton Times; 24 October 1903;

paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/LT19031024.2.74?item...

[18]

Paperspast portal via National Library of NZ; Star (Christchurch), 5 May 1906;

paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/TS19060505.2.75.8?it...

[19]

Paperspast portal via National Library of NZ; Star (Christchurch), 12 December 1908;

paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/TS19081212.2.61.1?it...

[20]

Paperspast portal via National Library of NZ; Star (Christchurch), 11 December 1909;

paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers?items_per_page=10&am...

[21]

Paperspast portal via National Library of NZ; Sun (Christchurch), 26 April 1918;

paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/SUNCH19180426.2.26?i...

[22]

Paperspast portal via National Library of NZ; Press, 16 February 1943; paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19430216.2.4

My ref:

Img_2572

Img_2573

Invalides relating to the military history of France, as well as a hospital and a retirement home for war veterans. by Hughes Songe

10

. We are in 17th century. Louis XIV is almighty king, at the head of one of the most important kingdoms of Europe. But this domination has a price(prize), which pay every day thousands of soldiers. Louis XIV is indeed king who likes the war, and France will know during his(her,its) 54 years of reign 33 years of conflicts.The inconvenience of a war, so glorious is the victory, is the stream of maimed persons, blind persons, one-armed persons(penguins) and one-legged people in any kinds(genres) which rejects the field of honor. And when Louis XIV crosses comfortably Paris in his coach, it is impossible to him(her) not to notice whom the mass of disabled persons is, in a rather catastrophic, more and more important way. Never mind, king raises(draws up) in 1674 by order the function(office) of a luxurious new royal building(ship), Invalides:" We considered that he(it) not less deserved our pity than our justice to pull(fire) of the poverty and the begging the poor officers and the soldiers of our troops which [] were not only outside state to continue to make us services(departments), but also to make nothing to be able to live and remain; and that it was very reasonable that those who displayed(exposed) freely their life and lavished their blood for the defense and the support of this monarchy, [] enjoy the rest assured(insured) our other subjects and pass the rest of their days in tranquillity "

www.unjourdeplusaparis.com/paris-reportage/histoire-des-i...

Because of its location and significance, the Invalides served as the scene for several key events in French history. On 14 July 1789 it was stormed by Parisian rioters who seized the cannons and muskets stored in its cellars to use against the Bastille later the same day. Napoleon was entombed under the dome of the Invalides with great ceremony in 1840. In December 1894 the degradation of Captain Alfred Dreyfus was held before the main building, while his subsequent rehabilitation ceremony took place in a courtyard of the complex in 1906.The building retained its primary function of a retirement home and hospital for military veterans (invalides) until the early twentieth century. In 1872 the musée d'artillerie (Artillery Museum) was located within the building to be joined by the musée historique des armées (Historical Museum of the Armies) in 1896. The two institutions were merged to form the present musée de l'armée in 1905. At the same time the veterans in residence were dispersed to smaller centres outside Paris. The reason was that the adoption of a mainly conscript army, after 1872, meant a substantial reduction in the numbers of veterans having the twenty or more years of military service formerly required to enter the Hôpital des Invalides. The building accordingly became too large for its original purpose. The modern complex does however still include the facilities detailed below for about a hundred elderly or incapacitated former soldiers.

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Les_Invalides

panoramica auditorio by vdevivienda

un auditorio participativo

Bunny #7 (1969) by jl.incrowd

4

Bunny's outfit in the cover logo and indicia always relates to the main cover image. A nice design feature...

6. How does neural learning relate to abstract formal models of learning? by brewbooks

1

Big Questions for Artificial General Intelligence

6. How does neural learning relate to abstract formal models of learning?

From the opening session: Review of AI and AGI Past Present and Future by Ben Goertzel of Novamente at the The First Conference on Artificial General Intelligence (AGI-08) Ben Goertzel was one of the conference organizers and is a driving force in the AGI community.

Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) research focuses on the original and ultimate goal of AI -- to create intelligence as a whole, by exploring all available paths, including theoretical and experimental computer science, cognitive science, neuroscience, and innovative interdisciplinary methodologies. AGI is also called Strong AI in the AI community.

Another good reference is Artificial General Intelligence : A Gentle Introduction by Pei Wang

I030108 558

20070406_0130 'Untitled' Fountain by Helen Bodycomb, or Stump by Chris Rak by williewonker

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An untitled fountain on a roundabout in Watton Street.

Werribee in 2000.

Victoria.

Artist Helen Bodycomb was commissioned to create this work, in accordance with Wyndham City Councils Art in Public Places Policy. The fountain contributes to Councils vision to revitalise the CBD streetscape, and to create an arts precinct opening spatially and symbolically towards the Werribee River.

Aesthetic additions to the CBD Streetscape reflect and enhance the relationship between the commercial precinct and the Werribee River. The selected artworks relate to each other, the environment, and reference the past, present and future of Wyndham.

The design & production team that worked with commissioned artist Helen Bodycomb were:

Wathaurong artist Glenn Romanis,

Rene Schaefer,

Chris Rak, and

PL Fountains.

Mayor Cr. Henry Barlow launched the artwork on 7 December 2000.

--------------------------------------------------------------

Artist: Helen Bodycomb

The artist and her work

"The tree is a universal symbol of life and knowledge. As such, its root system is the primary channel for its strength and survival. The root sysyem was chosen as the subject for this work because of these meanings and because it is an aesthetically pleasing form that is simultaneously familiar and unfamiliar. It takes the form of a tree but it obviously is not a tree.

The traditional symbolic meanings of the tree include:

* both the giver and manifestation

* the synthesis of heaven, earth and water

* nourishment, shelter, support".

Sculpture feature

The stainless steel sculpture is the central focus of the fountain, taking its form from an inverted red gum tree root system. River red gums proliferate along the banks of the Werribee River. The fountain component of the work features a series of vertical streams flowing from the tree root branches.

The characteristics of the sculpture's design complement the modernist lines of the adjacent Wyndham Community Cultural Centre, thereby celebrateing the interface of build and organic environments. The viewer's eye is led from the Cultural Centre to the River Walk at the end of Wedge Street, to the Werribee River beyond.

Mosaic

The mosaic surrounding the sculpture suggests that the tree is encircled by water. The domed base, whilst seerving as the sculpture's plinth, depicts a radiating series of branches, gently corrugated by a series of three ripples. Patterning and colouring of the vascular branches, emanating from the base of the sculpture, represent the rich and complex indigenous heritage of the region. Water areas of the mosaic were rendered using a range of blue, green and gold hues from the Werribee River.

The design of the mosaic can be read as:

* A watery reflection of the root structure above it;

* A view of the sculpture as a tree seen from underwater;

* A Stylised representation of sections of the Werribee River and its tributaries, seen from an aerial perspective.

- details from Wyndham City Council's Information Sheet.

and Web site:

www.wyndham.vic.gov.au/experience/artsculture/art/experie...

Additional Information from:

www.hbmosaics.com/mosaic.php?mosaic_id=46

Artists: Helen Bodycomb & René Schaefer

2.3 metre sculpture, base 4 metre diameter stainless steel, vitrified Italian mosaic glass, unglazed ceramic, hydraulics.

This major work is situated on a traffic roundabout, adjacent to the Werribee Cultural Centre. The sculpture respresents the up-turned Red Gum Tree, the mosaic expresses water rings which are also evocative of local indigenous symbols. Mosaic Assistance - Glenn Romanis, Sculpture - Chris Rak, Hydraulics - PL Fountains, 2000 City of Wyndham.

Chris Rak's web site has a different, report on this work:

www.chrisrak.com/projects/stump/

He titles his contribution to the work as 'Stump' - Stainless Steel, City of Wyndham, Victoria (In collaboration with Helen Bodycomb).

OCT 2-2014 John Muir Home, view of the northeast corner of the house built in 1882 at the John Muir National Historic Site in Martinez CA, USA. T3i 341 by lonewolfpics

The John Muir National Historic Site is located in Martinez, in the San Francisco Bay Area, California. It preserves the Italianate Victorian mansion where the naturalist and writer John Muir lived, as well as a nearby 325 acres (132 ha) tract of native oak woodlands and grasslands historically owned by the Muir family. The main site is on the edge of town, in the shadow of State Route 4, also known as the "John Muir Parkway".

John Muir’s home was among the grandest of its time, and costing $20,000 to build, an extravagant amount in its day. An article in the Martinez Gazette, written while the house was being constructed, said “with but one or two exceptions, it will be the finest and most complete private residence in the county.”

The house, completed in 1882, was built for Dr. John and Louisiana Strentzel, Muir’s parents-in-law. The Strentzels gave their original house to John and his bride Louie as a wedding gift. When Dr. Strentzel died in 1890, the Muirs moved into this house.

The seventeen-room home is in the Italianate style of late Victorian architecture, and is constructed mostly of redwood. The architects were Wolfe and Son of San Francisco. The home incorporates key features of the Italianate style, including: a rectangular, symmetrical shape, wide eaves with brackets and cornices, a porch with balustrades, a square cupola and high, double-paned windows with hood moldings.

The interior of the 10,000 square-foot house with 12-foot-high ceilings has retained many of its original features, including the Douglas fir floor and black walnut staircase banister. Note the crack in the transom over the front door, which occurred during the Port Chicago explosion of World War II. Phone service was installed in 1884 by Dr. Strentzel, and the house was one of the first in the area to have it (the phone in the downstairs hallway is not original).

The house suffered some damage during the 1906 earthquake, including two of the Italian marble fireplaces. Muir replaced the east parlor’s damaged fireplace with a large, Mission style brick one. He described it in a letter to a friend, “In particular I've built a big fireplace, almost suitable for mountaineers, into which I roll a jolly pair of logs two feet in diameter and pile a half dozen smaller ones between and back of them making fires that flame and roar and radiate sunny heat like those we built on the frosty Coyote Meadows above the canyon of the Kern.” (January 7, 1907)

Furnishings in the home are from the period, but did not belong to the Muirs or Strentzels. An exception is John Muir’s original desk in his “scribble den,” where he penned most of his published works, including his books—writings that paved the way to preserving our nation’s most beautiful natural lands, or “wild places.”

Upstairs, the small balcony at the end of the hall is where Muir slept on many clear nights, seeming to prefer having the stars over his head to a roof.

When John Muir died in 1914 (nine years after his wife), his grown daughters Wanda and Helen sold the house. It remained in the hands of private owners until local citizens (including those who established the John Muir Association) worked for the historic structure’s establishment as a public treasure. The National Park Service bought the house in 1964, along with nine acres of the Muir’s fruit ranch. In 1993, NPS bought an additional 326 acres, known as Mt. Wanda.

Next to Alhambra Creek, about a mile from the house, Muir was buried next to his wife on what was once part of the original 2,600-acre ranch.

The grounds of the 9 acre main site contain grapevines and an orchard with many types of fruit trees as well as many mature exotic trees from around the world that were growing at the time Muir lived. Also to be found are exhibits and machinery of ranch life in the late 1800's.

A 'must see' on the same property is the preserved Vincente Martinez Adobe home built in 1849.

While living here, Muir realized many of his greatest accomplishments, co-founding and serving as the first president of the Sierra Club, in the wake of his battle to prevent Yosemite National Park's Hetch Hetchy Valley from being dammed, playing a prominent role in the creation of several national parks, writing hundreds of newspaper and magazine articles and several books expounding on the virtues of conservation and the natural world, and laying the foundations for the creation of the National Park Service in 1916.

The park's museum collection includes historic documents and artifacts that relate to the writing, travels, political activities and daily life of John Muir and his family in Martinez. Significant portions of the collections include over 1,000 plant specimens collected by Muir during his many travels, photographs of his travel, correspondence to and from Muir, books from his personal library, and first editions of his published works. Many of Muir's original items were graciously donated by Muir family members.

The collection also includes Victorian era furnishings, clothing, household goods, farm implements, books and textiles that are not unique to Muir or his home; however, these pieces allow us to interpret the day-to-day life on the Martinez fruit ranch. The collections are displayed in the home, carriage house and through exhibitions in the Visitor Center.

The Muir house was documented by the Historic American Buildings Survey in 1960.

It became a National Historic Site in 1964, is California Historical Landmark no. 312, and National Historic Landmark, and is on the National Register of Historic Places.

In 1988 nearby Mount Wanda Nature Preserve was added to the Historic Site.

Bad Tags/Bombs by Eli Christman

This relates to the broken window theory. One person comes in and bombs an alley, then other hoodrats come in and put their own mark over the first one. Then someone writes "eat a dick" on it. This is on the side of Katie Blue Salon in.

Marakoopa Cave by an lantis

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Marakoopa Cave is a wet cave and contains spectacular decoration, sediment deposits relating to past periods of glaciations and significant communities of cave fauna – including the largest glow-worm display in any public-access cave in Australia. Marakoopa Cave is also home to the fascinating Tasmanian Cave spider.Typical of a wet cave, Marakoopa Cave displays signs of former stream activity in its upper levels, including stratified deposits of sand, clay and conglomerate.

Marakoopa Cave contains numerous attractively decorated chambers on different levels, extensive areas of flowstone and a variety of other interesting formations.

Marakoopa Cave has four surface openings associated with the entrance and exit of the two creeks which run through the cave, three of which are navigable. These two streams, known as Long Creek and Short Creek, begin as runoff from the slopes of Western Bluff, some 100 metres above the cave, and have created two independent cave passages.

A little background on the development of Marakoopa Cave

Like King Solomons Cave, Marakoopa Cave was first discovered in 1906 and it was initially known as Byards Cave. Two boys, James and Harry Byard, are believed to have originally entered the cave via its top entrance. The boys kept their discovery a secret, returning to the cave in 1910. James Byard obtained a land grant which included the cave area and its discovery became common knowledge in 1911, by which time a track had been cut to the river entrance, which is currently in use, and a heavy iron door covered the entrance.

In 1912 Marakoopa Cave was opened to the public, lit by 24 handheld carbide bicycle lamps which were carried by James, Harry and their younger siblings. In 1921 the cave was purchased from James Byard by the Tasmanian Government Tourist Bureau, but Harry stayed on as a guide for a number of years and helped with the installation of the first electric lighting system, switched on in May 1940 by the then Premier of Tasmania.

molecreek.info/natures-wonders/mole-creek-caves/marakoopa...

King Solomons Cave is a relatively small, dry cave located near Liena, 25 km west of Mole Creek, on the route to Cradle Mountain. King Solomons Cave is also home to the fascinating Tasmanian Cave spider.

The name of the cave was derived from the abundance of reflective calcite crystals, making it sparkle like the fabled treasures of King Solomon’s mines.

A separate cave, known as Queen of Sheba Cave, is adjacent to King Solomons Cave, separated only by a cave collapse which occurred prior to discovery.

King Solomons Cave currently has two entrances: a chimney opening in the ceiling of ‘Solomons Temple’ and a lower entrance, which was excavated in 1929.

King Solomons Cave is no longer an active cave in a hydrological sense. Due to a past lowering of the water table, the waters which created the cave have long since abandoned its passages for lower levels. Speleothem, or cave decoration, formation in the cave however is vigorous, relying on minor flows resulting from percolation of rainwater on the slopes above the cave.

A little background on the development of King Solomons Cave

King Solomons Cave was first discovered in 1906 by two local men, including a Mr Pochin, who promptly obtained a lease from the crown and began to operate the cave as a tourist attraction under the name Pochin’s Cave. In those early days, visitors had to negotiate a 40 ft drop from the surface via a series of stepladders, and thence through the cave on wooden planks. Two years later, Hobart man Mr Edward James heard of the discovery, obtained a 21 year lease of the land, improved access and installed acetylene gas lanterns to light the caves.

King Solomons Cave officially opened to the public on 31 October 1908, a highly organised and well attended occasion, by the then Premier of Tasmania. In the early days, the caves were generally only opened for organised expeditions. The high cost of recreational travel meant that tourists to this remote area were few and far between, and keeping the caves open was very expensive.

The present entrance was developed in 1927. Construction involved the widening of a secondary entrance and the clearing of rock and debris to open up a series of chambers to link the new entrance to the public area. At the same time, a generator and electric lighting system were also installed, the new lighting being switched on for the public for the first time in December 1928 – a time when the township of Mole Creek was not connected to the Hydro Electric grid.

Since then, improvements have continued, ancillary facilities have come and gone, and the caves are now under the care of the Tasmanian Parks and Wildlife Service.

molecreek.info/natures-wonders/mole-creek-caves/king-solo...

relator do orçamento senador Marcelo Castro- Foto Lula Marques-5 by PT na Câmara

Brasília-DF - 30-11-2022 . Deputados do PT nas comissões. Foto Lula Marques

Drama makes us feel important by John Russell

4 17

Kinetic: Relating to, caused by, or producing motion.

These are called “Kinetic” photographs because there is motion, energy, and movement involved, specifically my and the camera’s movements.

Most of these are shot outdoors where I have the room to literally spin and throw my little camera several feet up into the air, with some throws going as high as 15 feet or more!

None of these are Photoshopped, layered, or a composite photo...what you see occurs in one shot, one take.

Aren’t I afraid that I will drop and break my camera? For regular followers of my photostream and this series you will know that I have already done so. This little camera has been dropped many times, and broken once when dropped on concrete outside. It still functions...not so well for regular photographs, but superbly for more kinetic work.

To read more about Kinetic Photography click the Wikipedia link below:

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinetic_photography

Albeit supremely risky this is one of my favorite ways to produce abstract photographs.

.

If you'd like to see more please check out my set, "Vertigo:"

www.flickr.com/photos/motorpsiclist/sets/72157630591282642/

.

My photographs and videos and any derivative works are my private property and are copyright © by me, John Russell (aka “Zoom Lens”) and ALL my rights, including my exclusive rights, are reserved. ANY use without my permission in writing is forbidden by law.

Paulstown Parochial Return, 1858 by Delany Archive Ireland

Parochial returns were requested intermittently by the Bishop from priests assigned to parishes. This 1858 return relates to the parish of Paulstown and was completed by Fr Bernard Kinsella, parish priest.

1.What is the extent of the Parish or Union?

Average extent 8½ miles by 2½ [miles]

2.What is the account population of the population? State the number of Males and Females, And – if convenient – the number under 12 years

Total – 3763

Of males – 1989

Of females – 1784

Children under 12 years – 794

3.What is the number of schools in the parish? What books are used in them?

Schools 4

National School Books

4.What is the age and character of teachers?

Male Teachers 30 & 50 years

Female – [Goresbridge], the nuns of St Bridget

Paulstown – Miss C. O’Neill

5.What is the average number of the Children who attended these Schools for the last year?

Paulstown male – 77

Female – 107

Goresbridge Female – 77

Female – 100

6.What proportion of these Children read and write?

Male – 65

Females - 86

7.Do any Children in the Parish attend Schools which have not your approval for their Education?

None

8.If so, how many Children and for what reason or pretext?

9.What Religious Confraternities or Sodalities are now existing in the Parish?

Book Society & Living Rosary

Christian Doctrine Society & Confraternity of Blessed Sacrament & the Propagation of the Faith

10.What is the number of members in each of said Sodalities?

B. Society, Paulstown 124

L. Rosary [Paulstown] 180

C. Blessed Sacrament [Paulstown] not known

C. Doctrine Society [Paulstown] 80

Goresbridge C.D. Society – 200

B. Society [Goresbridge] 130

L. Rosary Society [Goresbridge] 100

11.What is the average number of Children – distinguishing Male and Female – who attended at the Catechism Schools in each Church and Chapel in the Parish on Sundays and Holidays for the last year?

Paulstown Males – 140

Females – 155

Goresbridge Males – 150

Females – 150

12.What number of books was given out by the Religious Book Society or Parochial Librarian within the last year?

Paulstown – 180

Gorebridge - 130

13.What is the number of Pious Reading Schools in each Church and Chapel in the Parish on Sunday and Holidays?

Paulstown – 6

Goresbridge 6

14.What is the number of Children who made their First Communion within this year?

Paulstown 55

Goresbridge About 60

Note: The spelling and punctuation used in this transcription replicate the original document.

Document code: KL/P/PN/3

Our images are copyright. Please contact us if you wish to reproduce any image: delanyarchive@carlowcollege.ie.

Allen parochial return, 1858 by Delany Archive Ireland

Parochial returns were requested intermittently by the Bishop from priests assigned to parishes. This 1858 return relates to the parish of Allen and was completed by Fr Eugene O’Relly, parish priest.

1.What is the extent of the Parish or Union?

The union of Allen & Miltown extends from North to South, by a circuitous road, about 8½ miles. In width, from East to West, about 3 Miles, diminishing at points to 1½ mile.

2.What is the account population of the population? State the number of Males and Females, And – if convenient – the number under 12 years

Gross number 3499 of which 1741 are males. 1758 females. About 890 are under 12 years.

Note Of those enumerated there are 74 Lodgers or Vagrants. EOK

3.What is the number of schools in the parish? What books are used in them?

Five National Schools and one for younger children.

Those published by the National Board of Education.

4.What is the age and character of teachers?

No 1 – 38

No 2 – 28

No 3 – 32

No 4 Fem – 21

No 5 – 20

No 6 – 64 years

All of fair character

5.What is the average number of the Children who attended these Schools for the last year?

Daily average 193. – On rolls 349

6.What proportion of these Children read and write?

About 128

7.Do any Children in the Parish attend Schools which have not your approval for their Education?

No. -

8.If so, how many Children and for what reason or pretext?

None

9.What Religious Confraternities or Sodalities are now existing in the Parish?

1.Sodality of the Living Rosary

2.Do of the Blessed Virgin

3.Do of the Christian Doctrine

10.What is the number of members in each of said Sodalities?

1.450

2.240

3.Number not ascertainable as they have not been duly enrolled

11.What is the average number of Children – distinguishing Male and Female – who attended at the Catechism Schools in each Church and Chapel in the Parish on Sundays and Holidays for the last year?

At Allen Chapel 79 males 70 females

At Miltown [Chapel] 56 males 54 females

There are Catechism Schools, during the Spring and Summer months at Robertstown and Allen Wood, [numerously] attended.

12.What number of books was given out by the Religious Book Society or Parochial Librarian within the last year?

Book Society not in operation in lieu of which, Pious and Religious Books from Messrs Richardson’s and Duffy’s are annually & gratuitously distributed.

13.What is the number of Pious Reading Schools in each Church and Chapel in the Parish on Sunday and Holidays?

There is Pious reading usually in each Chapel on Sundays and Holidays.

14.What is the number of Children who made their First Communion within this year?

About 125.

Eugene O’Reilly P.P.

Allen & Miltown

Note: The spelling and punctuation used in this transcription replicate the original document.

Document code: KL/P/AN/1

Our images are copyright. Please contact us if you wish to reproduce any image: delanyarchive@carlowcollege.ie

True. by simonandrea300

Spam: @ stonecold_dreaa

Main: @ a1_drea

Baccup : @ lil_dreaaa2x , @a1_dreaaa

Governor Abercrombie signed the following bills:

House Bill 2052 (Relating to Provider Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment) increases access to Provider Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment (POLST) by updating references from “physicians orders for life-sustaining treatment” to “provider orders for life-sustaining treatment.” The measure also expands health care provider signatory authority to include advance practice registered nurses and corrects inconsistencies of terms describing who may sign a POLST form on behalf of a patient.

House Bill 1616 (Relating to Health Planning) adds to the Hawaii State Planning Act’s objectives and policies for health, the identification of social determinants of health and prioritization of programs, services, interventions, and activities that address identified social determinants of health to improve Native Hawaiian health in accordance with federal law and reduce health disparities of disproportionately affected demographics.

House Bill 1723 (Relating to Psychiatric Facilities) amends the notice requirements for the discharge of an involuntary patient committed pursuant to legal proceeding involving fitness to proceed and requires the family court to conduct a timely hearing prior to the termination of a standing commitment order.

House Bill 2320 (Relating to Health) establishes health equity as a goal for the DOH and requires the DOH to consider social determinants of health in assessing health needs in the state. The measure is known as “Loretta’s Law” for the late DOH Director Loretta Fuddy, who was passionate proponent.

House Bill 2581 (Relating to Insurance) establishes the State Innovation Waiver Task Force and requires the task force to submit two interim reports and a final report to the legislature.

Senate Bill 2469 (Relating to Telehealth) requires equivalent reimbursement for services, including behavioral health services, provided through telehealth as for the same services provided via face-to-face contact between a health care provider and a patient. The measure also clarifies that health care providers for purposes of telehealth include primary care providers, mental health providers, oral health providers, physicians and osteopathic physicians, advanced practice registered nurses, psychologists, and dentists. For consistency purposes, the bill changes statutory references of “telemedicine” to “telehealth.”

House Bill 2400 (Relating to Temporary Disability Benefits) provides temporary disability benefits to employees who suffer disabilities as a result of donating organs.

Senate Bill 1233 (Relating to Leaves of Absence) requires certain private employers to allow employees to take leaves of absence for organ, bone marrow, or peripheral blood stem cell donation. Unused sick leave, vacation, or paid time off, or unpaid time off, may be used for these leaves of absence. The measure also requires employers to restore an employee returning from leave to the same or equivalent position and establishes a private right of action for employees seeking enforcement of provisions.

Kinetic by Laura Slattery

4

"relating to the motion of material bodies and the forces and energy associated therewith"

A creative outing with my photo club - Inland Empire Photo Club - where we played with light and motion and long exposures to create kinetic art. It was a wonderful, creative evening.

Balyna Parochial Return, 1858 by Delany Archive Ireland

Parochial returns were requested intermittently by the Bishop from priests assigned to parishes. This 1858 return relates to the parish of Balyna and was completed by Fr Felix Treacy, parish priest.

1.What is the extent of the Parish or Union?

8 miles by 3

2.What is the account population of the population? State the number of Males and Females, And – if convenient – the number under 12 years

M. 1100

Fem. 1040

Under 12 years 595

= 2735

3.What is the number of schools in the parish? What books are used in them?

Eight

Books of Board of Education

4.What is the age and character of teachers?

Masters (4)

65 [char. good

38

32

34

Mistresses (4)

48

33

27

24

5.What is the average number of the Children who attended these Schools for the last year?

288

6.What proportion of these Children read and write?

210

7.Do any Children in the Parish attend Schools which have not your approval for their Education?

No.

8.If so, how many Children and for what reason or pretext?

-

9.What Religious Confraternities or Sodalities are now existing in the Parish?

Societies of Living Rosary & of Sacred Heart.

10.What is the number of members in each of said Sodalities?

90 & 100

11.What is the average number of Children – distinguishing Male and Female – who attended at the Catechism Schools in each Church and Chapel in the Parish on Sundays and Holidays for the last year?

M. 140

Fem. 130

Total average

12.What number of books was given out by the Religious Book Society or Parochial Librarian within the last year?

No parochial library in this parish – but families rather well supplied with Religious books

13.What is the number of Pious Reading Schools in each Church and Chapel in the Parish on Sunday and Holidays?

For a considerable time one person has been appointed to read before Mass in one of the chapels and as regards the other two the same shall be done but it is difficult to procure constant attendance in a rural district.

14.What is the number of Children who made their First Communion within this year?

From 15 to 20. Expecting Confirmation [next] year, it is intended to prepare children for first Communion – but the number will be fair.

F. Treacy

Balyna

18 Dec. ‘58

Note: The spelling and punctuation used in this transcription replicate the original document.

Document code: KL/P/BA/3