The Governor signed the following bills today:

 

SB535 (Relating to Labor) makes Hawaii the second state – after New York – to place basic labor protections for domestic workers into law. It also establishes basic rights and protections for domestic workers, entitles workers to overtime pay and time for meal and rest breaks, and provides basic civil rights protections against abuse and harassment.

 

HB1187 (Relating to Human Trafficking) designates January as Human Trafficking Awareness Month and adds minor victims of sex and labor trafficking to the scope of the Child Protective Act and other state child abuse laws.

 

HB1068 (Relating to Human Trafficking) requires certain employers to display a poster that provides information relating to human trafficking and contact information for the National Human Trafficking Resource Center Hotline.

 

SB192 (Relating to Prostitution) makes solicitation of a minor a crime and increases the statute of limitations to bring a cause of action for coercion into prostitution from 2 to 6 years. It also clarifies the minimum and maximum fine for a person convicted of committing the offense of prostitution; adds the offenses of solicitation of a minor for prostitution, habitual solicitation of prostitution, and solicitation of prostitution near schools and public parks under the state’s forfeiture laws; amends the definition of “sexual offense” under the sexual offender registry laws to include acts that consist of the solicitation of a minor who is less than 18 years of age for prostitution; and requires registration with the sexual offender registry for conviction of solicitation of a minor for prostitution as a Tier 1 offense.

 

HB587 (Relating to the Penal Code) amends the penal code to include that it shall be unlawful to physically abuse persons in a “dating relationship.” It also requires a police officer to separate a perpetrator and family or household member who has been physically abused for 48 hours.

 

SB655 (Relating to Health) allows health professionals to treat partners of patients diagnosed as having certain sexually transmitted diseases by dispensing or prescribing medication to the partners without examining them. The measure also ensures that expedited partner therapy is in accordance with Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines and recommendations, and it provides limited liability protection.

 

SB532 (Relating to Breastfeeding in the Workplace) requires certain employers to provide reasonable time and private location for breastfeeding employees to express breast milk. The measure also requires covered employers to post a notice, and it establishes a civil fine for each violation.

 

SB1340 (Relating to Foster Care) extends voluntary foster care to age 21.

 

SB529 (Relating to Parental Rights) requires family courts to deny custody or visitation, and allows courts to terminate parental rights, to a person convicted of a sexual assault with respect to the child conceived through that assault.

Parochial returns were requested intermittently by the Bishop from priests assigned to parishes. This 1858 return relates to the parish of Graigue-Killeshin and was completed by Fr James Maher, parish priest.

  

1.What is the extent of the Parish or Union?

From Graigue to Ardetegle near Mayo 6½ miles from Clogrennan to St Mary’s Knockbeg less than 3 miles

 

2.What is the account population of the population? State the number of Males and Females, And – if convenient – the number under 12 years

Total 2963

Males 1077

Females 1098

Under 12 years 788

[Note: normally, these figures refer only to Catholics within the parish]

 

3.What is the number of schools in the parish? What books are used in them?

Two national schools. Those of the Board.

3rd school in Ballyharmon 30 scholars: lately opened for males

4th school in Slaty Street for females pay school, about 40 in attendance.

Tuitions at Pierce Careys, John Brennans and Richard Dunnes

 

4.What is the age and character of teachers?

Male teacher 35 Female 40 years in the N. Schools. Teacher in Ballyharmon 50 years. In Slaty Street teacher 40 years of age. The character of all irreprehensible attend religious duties

 

5.What is the average number of the Children who attended these Schools for the last year?

The average attendance in Graigue N School 90, on the roll 110

Convent Presentation 63 from Graigue on the roll

 

6.What proportion of these Children read and write?

Of Graigue N School, 40 read and write, 20 read only and the remainder are learning to spell.

Killeshin school 45, of whom 18 read and write

 

7.Do any Children in the Parish attend Schools which have not your approval for their Education?

children attend for a week or a few days, the Church Ed School. induced to attend by a promise of clothes or food.

 

8.If so, how many Children and for what reason or pretext?

sometimes five or six, sometimes one or two, but fall off as soon as we hear of their attendance

 

9.What Religious Confraternities or Sodalities are now existing in the Parish?

The confraternity of the Rosary and the Living Rosary, and the Confraternity of the Christian Doctrine

 

10.What is the number of members in each of said Sodalities?

The Parish Priest has enrolled 1000 in the Rosary, the roll being preserved in the Vestry.

In the Living Rosary are enrolled 20 circles or 300 persons, Catechism Society 18

 

11.What is the average number of Children – distinguishing Male and Female – who attended at the Catechism Schools in each Church and Chapel in the Parish on Sundays and Holidays for the last year?

average 300 in Graigue

85 in Killeshin

about one half male one half female

 

12.What number of books was given out by the Religious Book Society or Parochial Librarian within the last year?

The library is supplied with a large number of the little book “Think well on it,” which is given to those who need pious reading

It is given, and returned, not returned

 

13.What is the number of Pious Reading Schools in each Church and Chapel in the Parish on Sunday and Holidays?

One reader in each Chapel every Sunday

 

14.What is the number of Children who made their First Communion within this year?

One hundred and twenty

 

Note:

Spelling and punctuation in this transcription are as used in the original document.

 

Document code: KL/P/GK/2

Our images are copyright. Please contact us if you wish to reproduce any image: delanyarchive@carlowcollege.

 

立法會研究公眾街市事宜小組委員會參觀公眾街市

立法会研究公众街市事宜小组委员会参观公众街市

LegCo Subcommittee on Issues Relating to Public Markets visits public markets (2018.07.03)

 

Only Greats Relate

Postcard FTP01314_63

 

Postcard

 

The Fay Thomas Collection includes family archives relating to the Thomas family. Moses Thomas (1825-1878) was a significant figure in the history of the area now known as the City of Whittlesea, Victoria, Australia. Thomas and Ann and their family lived at "Mayfield", Mernda, Victoria.

 

Miss Lily Thomas (1871-1946), Thomas and Ann’s fourth daughter lived there all her life. She collected postcards which her family and friends sent her on a very regular basis. It was an easy and enjoyable way to keep in touch. Production of postcards blossomed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Lily’s collection encompasses the so-called Golden Age (1890-1915) with many postmarked 1906-1907. Some were sent to other members of the family.

 

The collection document the natural landscape as well as the built environment—buildings, gardens, parks, and tourist sites. Topographical Postcards showing street scenes and general views from Australian and international locations, some of which are artistic views. Popular postcard manufacturers such as Tuck’s Postcards are included in the collection.

Decorative cards, many embellished with floral motives (as a nod to the receiver Lily?) and embossing. Greeting cards are common for Christmas, New Year, Easter and of course birthdays.

 

Regular senders can be identified from Kyneton and the Great Ocean Road area, Victoria and there is a siginifant collection from Scotland (but not sent from there).

 

YPRL hold digital copies of the Papers of the Moses Thomas Family held at State Library Victoria

 

Copyright for these images is Public domain but a credit to the Fay Thomas Collection and YPRL would be appreciated.

 

Enquiries: Yarra Plenty Regional Library

 

Photographed at the 2009 International Route 66 Mother Road Festival in Springfield, Illinois on September 25-27, 2009.

 

****************************************************************************************************

 

You are invited to stay and browse through my stream. Here's a quick index to my little corner of Flickr:

Automobile Photographs: This is a very large collection of images whose primary, but not exclusive, focus is on American automotive classics. Images are organized by decade, by manufacturer, and by topics (such as convertibles, station wagons, muscle cars, etc.)

Central Illinois (except Springfield): Central Illinois (except Springfield): Photos relating to the middle section of the "Land of Lincoln" (except for the Capital City of Springfield) may be found in this collection. Every city and town I've photographed is contained within its own set, and rural (as in "countryside") photographs are grouped by county.

Springfield, Illinois: All of my photographs of Springfield and the Abraham Lincoln Sites are in this collection. For the City of Springfield, there are separate sets for the Capitol Complex, Downtown (including the Old State Capitol), Neighborhoods, Parks, Illinois State Fairgrounds and more. Photographs of Lincoln sites include the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum, Lincoln Home National Historic Site, Lincoln Tomb, and so on. Also in the Lincoln "All About Abe" (Set) are a few Lincoln sites not located in Springfield.

The Illinois State Fair: My collection of photographs of the Illinois State Fair. The fair offers something for everyone. Grab a corn dog and lemon shake-up, and come take a look!

Beyond Central Illinois: Other locales in the United States and Canada including New York, Chicago, San Francisco and Seattle.

 

In addition to my location-based sets, here are links to some "topical" collections and sets I've put together:

Barbers & Barber Shops: Traditional barbers and barber shops are on the endangered species list. But there are still plenty to be found if you go looking for them.

Almost Everything Else. Check It Out!!!: Included topics range from man's first walk on the moon to small town schools and churches, and from Soft-Coated Wheaten Terriers (our favorite breed) to things that are abandoned, neglected, weathered, or rusty.

 

Thanks for stopping by! - myoldpostcards (Randy von Liski)

Dundalk overwhelm Bangor in All Ireland Final

by Roger Corbett

Bangor’s amazing run in the All Ireland Junior Cup came to an abrupt end when they were comprehensively beaten by Dundalk, eventually losing by 55-5.

Where do you start when trying to relate and absorb the events of Saturday’s final at Chambers Park? Firstly, congratulations to worthy winners Dundalk who nullified the Bangor attack, then went on to produce some stunning plays which racked up no less than 8 tries, each by a different player. For Bangor’s part, they were unable to respond to the intensity of Dundalk’s game, and lacked the cutting edge which their opponents used to great effect.

The day started full of promise, as the strong support from North Down made their way to Chambers Park in Portadown, knowing Bangor would be fielding their best team. Once again, the pundits had Bangor as the underdogs – just as they had done so in the previous three rounds! In confounding the experts earlier, Bangor produced some awesome performances against top quality opposition to get to the final. Dundalk had produced some convincing wins in the early rounds of the competition, but had struggled to get past CIYMS in the semi-final, just managing to squeeze ahead at the second time of asking. However, with a number of key players returning to the side in time for this game, they were now back at full strength and would be a formidable force to contend with.

Having won the toss, captain Jamie Clegg elected to play into the stiff wind in the first half. For the first 5 minutes, Bangor doggedly retained possession and tried to play their way into Dundalk’s half through a series of determined forward moves. However, little ground was made and, when possession was finally lost, the Dundalk back line produced a burst that simply cut through the Bangor defence resulting in an easy touch down under Bangor’s posts for a 7-0 lead.

Bangor stuck to their plan and slowly, but patiently, got their attack moving forward, eventually winning a penalty to the left of Dundalk’s posts, but Mark Widdowson’s kick into the wind drifted just wide of the mark.

The contrast in play between the two teams was becoming clear, with Bangor trying to keep the ball close while Dundalk were throwing it wide. The latter strategy was proving to be the more effective as, with 20 minutes gone, a quick back line move with players looping around resulted in an overlap on the right wing which gave a clear run in to again, score under the posts. A further 9 minutes later, they did it again and, although the Bangor defence had sensed the danger and moved across to cover it, their tackling let them down allowing Dundalk to get over in the right hand corner, taking their lead to 19-0.

By now, Bangor were trying to hang on until half time when they could regroup and come out with the wind at their backs. Dundalk, on the other hand were anxious to press home their advantage and give them a more comfortable lead. To Bangor’s credit, although camped on their own line for lengthy spells, they dug in and managed to hold on until the referee’s half time whistle.

As the teams reappeared from the dressing rooms, it was obvious Bangor were ringing the changes, particularly in the backs. With the wind advantage having lessened considerably, Bangor got the second half underway. It was now Dundalk’s turn to adopt the slow, steady approach, just as Bangor had done earlier. However, their more confident off-loading and support play was, once again, taking play deep into Bangor’s territory. Frustration at not being able to gain possession and take play out of their danger area eventually resulted in a yellow card for Clegg after a succession of penalties. Dundalk kicked the penalty to touch, won their lineout and drove for the line. Although initially held up by the Bangor defence, Dundalk’s repeated drives were eventually rewarded with another converted score, extending their lead to 26-0.

From the touchline, the Bangor faithful had felt that if their players had managed to score first in the second half, they may have been able to mount a fight-back and close the gap to their opponents. As it was, this Dundalk score simply bolstered their confidence and pushed Bangor deeper into trouble. With Bangor still a man down, Dundalk added to the score with a penalty and then another score in the corner. Everything was now working for the Leinster men, as even the difficult touchline conversion into the biting wind successfully split the posts, bringing the score to 36-0.

As the game entered the final quarter, and with Dundalk all but holding the cup, Bangor were now on the ropes. By contrast, the Dundalk players were in almost total control, and were not going to slow down now. In a 10 minute spell, they ran in a further 3 tries, making the scoreline 55-0. By now, any sense of dejection the Bangor supporters may have been feeling was now moved to feelings of sympathy for their players. However, pride was at stake and once again Bangor rallied as the game entered its final minutes. At last, the forwards got within striking distance of the Dundalk line and, although their repeated attacks were repelled, they finally managed to do what their opponents had done so effectively, and quickly passed the ball wide to Davy Charles. Even though they were 55 points ahead, the Dundalk defence made Charles work hard to drive through the tackles and score Bangor’s consolation try, bringing the final score to 55-5.

From Bangor’s point of view, the final score doesn’t tell the whole story of this competition. While the final may have resulted in a sad anti-climax for Bangor, the remarkable journey to get there will be remembered for some time. On the day, Dundalk were by far the better side, and Bangor would have to concede that their game was not up to the usual standard. However, there is no doubt the experience of competing at this level is something to relish and the goal now will be to secure a top four place in the league and try again next year.

Everybody at the club has nothing but the highest respect and praise for what has been achieved this year by not just the 1sts, but all the senior teams, and one poor result isn’t going to change that – the welcome at Upritchard Park for the returning players is testament to that. With that in mind, the players now need to put this disappointment behind them and provide the best possible response against a struggling Portadown side at home in the league next Saturday.

Bangor side: J Leary, A Jackson, P Whyte, F Black, G Irvine, R Latimer, J Clegg, C Stewart, R Armstrong, K Rosson, D Charles, M Aspley, M Weir, M Widdowson, C Morgan

Subs: S Irvine, O McIlmurray, D Kelly, M Rodgers, C Harper, D Fusco, M Thompson

Bangor scores: D Charles (1T)

Dundalk Storm To Title Dundalk 55 v Bangor 5 from KnockOn.ie

Dundalk Scorers: Christopher Scully, Owen McNally, Jonathan Williams, John Smyth, Ultan Murphy, Tiernan Gonnelly, James McConnon and Stephen Murphy 1 try each. Ultan Murphy 6 cons, 1 pen.

Bangor Scorers: David Charles 1 try.

In front of a big crowd at Chambers Park on Saturday afternoon Dundalk delivered a stunning and ruthless display to see off the challenge of Bangor and capture the All Ireland Junior Cup title for the very first time.

Three first half tries had them firmly in control at 19-0 ahead having played with the elements at the Portadown venue during the first half and while the wind dropped somewhat after half time the Dundalk intensity most certainly didn’t as they cut loose scoring five more tries.

Dundalk returned to a heroes welcome at their Mill Road clubhouse on Saturday night after a display of pure brilliance throughout the afternoon.

Precision, pace and skill from the Louth men from start to finish left Bangor playing second fiddle for long periods.

The Governor signed the following bills today:

 

SB535 (Relating to Labor) makes Hawaii the second state – after New York – to place basic labor protections for domestic workers into law. It also establishes basic rights and protections for domestic workers, entitles workers to overtime pay and time for meal and rest breaks, and provides basic civil rights protections against abuse and harassment.

 

HB1187 (Relating to Human Trafficking) designates January as Human Trafficking Awareness Month and adds minor victims of sex and labor trafficking to the scope of the Child Protective Act and other state child abuse laws.

 

HB1068 (Relating to Human Trafficking) requires certain employers to display a poster that provides information relating to human trafficking and contact information for the National Human Trafficking Resource Center Hotline.

 

SB192 (Relating to Prostitution) makes solicitation of a minor a crime and increases the statute of limitations to bring a cause of action for coercion into prostitution from 2 to 6 years. It also clarifies the minimum and maximum fine for a person convicted of committing the offense of prostitution; adds the offenses of solicitation of a minor for prostitution, habitual solicitation of prostitution, and solicitation of prostitution near schools and public parks under the state’s forfeiture laws; amends the definition of “sexual offense” under the sexual offender registry laws to include acts that consist of the solicitation of a minor who is less than 18 years of age for prostitution; and requires registration with the sexual offender registry for conviction of solicitation of a minor for prostitution as a Tier 1 offense.

 

HB587 (Relating to the Penal Code) amends the penal code to include that it shall be unlawful to physically abuse persons in a “dating relationship.” It also requires a police officer to separate a perpetrator and family or household member who has been physically abused for 48 hours.

 

SB655 (Relating to Health) allows health professionals to treat partners of patients diagnosed as having certain sexually transmitted diseases by dispensing or prescribing medication to the partners without examining them. The measure also ensures that expedited partner therapy is in accordance with Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines and recommendations, and it provides limited liability protection.

 

SB532 (Relating to Breastfeeding in the Workplace) requires certain employers to provide reasonable time and private location for breastfeeding employees to express breast milk. The measure also requires covered employers to post a notice, and it establishes a civil fine for each violation.

 

SB1340 (Relating to Foster Care) extends voluntary foster care to age 21.

 

SB529 (Relating to Parental Rights) requires family courts to deny custody or visitation, and allows courts to terminate parental rights, to a person convicted of a sexual assault with respect to the child conceived through that assault.

Each layer of this delicious treat relates to the One Man Rock Band, Heath Slater. The red cake and chocolate pudding represent the colors of his former stable, The Corre. The layer of whipped topping has crushed ginger folded in increasing the flavor of each bite and complimenting the Heath bar topping sprinkled on top. Naw mean...

 

Recipe:

 

Ingredients:

1 box of Pillsbury Moist Supreme Classic White cake mix

2 packages of Jello Instant Chocolate Pudding

1 package of red food coloring

1 cup water

1/3 cup vegetable oil

3 eggs

4 cups cold milk

1 container of whipped topping

1 table spoon crushed ginger

2 Heath Bar candy bars

 

To prepare the cake:

1. Preheat oven to 350

2. Combine cake mix, vegetable oil, eggs, and water in large mixing bowl. Mix until smooth.

3. Add food coloring until batter is desired shade.

4. Baking time is determined by the size of the pan you are using. It does not matter what size pan you use as the cake will be crumbled in to the trifle dish in layers.

 

To prepare the pudding

1. Empty contents of two pudding packages in to mixing bowl

2. Add 4 cups of cold milk

3. Mix until smooth

4. Let sit for 5 minutes

 

To prepare whipped topping

1. Empty contents of container in to mixing bowl. It is best if you let the whipped topping sit out and soften for a few minutes

2. Add 1 tablespoon of crushed ginger and fold in to topping

 

To prepare the One Man Rock Band Trifle

1. After cake has cooled, crumble a layer of cake in to the bottom of the dish

2. Spoon in a layer of pudding

3. Spoon in a layer of whipped topping

4. Repeat steps 1-3 until you reach the top of the dish

5. Sprinkle crumbled Heath bars on top of dessert

6. Cover and cool in the fridge

7. Serve!

 

The Governor signed the following bills today:

 

SB535 (Relating to Labor) makes Hawaii the second state – after New York – to place basic labor protections for domestic workers into law. It also establishes basic rights and protections for domestic workers, entitles workers to overtime pay and time for meal and rest breaks, and provides basic civil rights protections against abuse and harassment.

 

HB1187 (Relating to Human Trafficking) designates January as Human Trafficking Awareness Month and adds minor victims of sex and labor trafficking to the scope of the Child Protective Act and other state child abuse laws.

 

HB1068 (Relating to Human Trafficking) requires certain employers to display a poster that provides information relating to human trafficking and contact information for the National Human Trafficking Resource Center Hotline.

 

SB192 (Relating to Prostitution) makes solicitation of a minor a crime and increases the statute of limitations to bring a cause of action for coercion into prostitution from 2 to 6 years. It also clarifies the minimum and maximum fine for a person convicted of committing the offense of prostitution; adds the offenses of solicitation of a minor for prostitution, habitual solicitation of prostitution, and solicitation of prostitution near schools and public parks under the state’s forfeiture laws; amends the definition of “sexual offense” under the sexual offender registry laws to include acts that consist of the solicitation of a minor who is less than 18 years of age for prostitution; and requires registration with the sexual offender registry for conviction of solicitation of a minor for prostitution as a Tier 1 offense.

 

HB587 (Relating to the Penal Code) amends the penal code to include that it shall be unlawful to physically abuse persons in a “dating relationship.” It also requires a police officer to separate a perpetrator and family or household member who has been physically abused for 48 hours.

 

SB655 (Relating to Health) allows health professionals to treat partners of patients diagnosed as having certain sexually transmitted diseases by dispensing or prescribing medication to the partners without examining them. The measure also ensures that expedited partner therapy is in accordance with Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines and recommendations, and it provides limited liability protection.

 

SB532 (Relating to Breastfeeding in the Workplace) requires certain employers to provide reasonable time and private location for breastfeeding employees to express breast milk. The measure also requires covered employers to post a notice, and it establishes a civil fine for each violation.

 

SB1340 (Relating to Foster Care) extends voluntary foster care to age 21.

 

SB529 (Relating to Parental Rights) requires family courts to deny custody or visitation, and allows courts to terminate parental rights, to a person convicted of a sexual assault with respect to the child conceived through that assault.

Dundalk overwhelm Bangor in All Ireland Final

by Roger Corbett

Bangor’s amazing run in the All Ireland Junior Cup came to an abrupt end when they were comprehensively beaten by Dundalk, eventually losing by 55-5.

Where do you start when trying to relate and absorb the events of Saturday’s final at Chambers Park? Firstly, congratulations to worthy winners Dundalk who nullified the Bangor attack, then went on to produce some stunning plays which racked up no less than 8 tries, each by a different player. For Bangor’s part, they were unable to respond to the intensity of Dundalk’s game, and lacked the cutting edge which their opponents used to great effect.

The day started full of promise, as the strong support from North Down made their way to Chambers Park in Portadown, knowing Bangor would be fielding their best team. Once again, the pundits had Bangor as the underdogs – just as they had done so in the previous three rounds! In confounding the experts earlier, Bangor produced some awesome performances against top quality opposition to get to the final. Dundalk had produced some convincing wins in the early rounds of the competition, but had struggled to get past CIYMS in the semi-final, just managing to squeeze ahead at the second time of asking. However, with a number of key players returning to the side in time for this game, they were now back at full strength and would be a formidable force to contend with.

Having won the toss, captain Jamie Clegg elected to play into the stiff wind in the first half. For the first 5 minutes, Bangor doggedly retained possession and tried to play their way into Dundalk’s half through a series of determined forward moves. However, little ground was made and, when possession was finally lost, the Dundalk back line produced a burst that simply cut through the Bangor defence resulting in an easy touch down under Bangor’s posts for a 7-0 lead.

Bangor stuck to their plan and slowly, but patiently, got their attack moving forward, eventually winning a penalty to the left of Dundalk’s posts, but Mark Widdowson’s kick into the wind drifted just wide of the mark.

The contrast in play between the two teams was becoming clear, with Bangor trying to keep the ball close while Dundalk were throwing it wide. The latter strategy was proving to be the more effective as, with 20 minutes gone, a quick back line move with players looping around resulted in an overlap on the right wing which gave a clear run in to again, score under the posts. A further 9 minutes later, they did it again and, although the Bangor defence had sensed the danger and moved across to cover it, their tackling let them down allowing Dundalk to get over in the right hand corner, taking their lead to 19-0.

By now, Bangor were trying to hang on until half time when they could regroup and come out with the wind at their backs. Dundalk, on the other hand were anxious to press home their advantage and give them a more comfortable lead. To Bangor’s credit, although camped on their own line for lengthy spells, they dug in and managed to hold on until the referee’s half time whistle.

As the teams reappeared from the dressing rooms, it was obvious Bangor were ringing the changes, particularly in the backs. With the wind advantage having lessened considerably, Bangor got the second half underway. It was now Dundalk’s turn to adopt the slow, steady approach, just as Bangor had done earlier. However, their more confident off-loading and support play was, once again, taking play deep into Bangor’s territory. Frustration at not being able to gain possession and take play out of their danger area eventually resulted in a yellow card for Clegg after a succession of penalties. Dundalk kicked the penalty to touch, won their lineout and drove for the line. Although initially held up by the Bangor defence, Dundalk’s repeated drives were eventually rewarded with another converted score, extending their lead to 26-0.

From the touchline, the Bangor faithful had felt that if their players had managed to score first in the second half, they may have been able to mount a fight-back and close the gap to their opponents. As it was, this Dundalk score simply bolstered their confidence and pushed Bangor deeper into trouble. With Bangor still a man down, Dundalk added to the score with a penalty and then another score in the corner. Everything was now working for the Leinster men, as even the difficult touchline conversion into the biting wind successfully split the posts, bringing the score to 36-0.

As the game entered the final quarter, and with Dundalk all but holding the cup, Bangor were now on the ropes. By contrast, the Dundalk players were in almost total control, and were not going to slow down now. In a 10 minute spell, they ran in a further 3 tries, making the scoreline 55-0. By now, any sense of dejection the Bangor supporters may have been feeling was now moved to feelings of sympathy for their players. However, pride was at stake and once again Bangor rallied as the game entered its final minutes. At last, the forwards got within striking distance of the Dundalk line and, although their repeated attacks were repelled, they finally managed to do what their opponents had done so effectively, and quickly passed the ball wide to Davy Charles. Even though they were 55 points ahead, the Dundalk defence made Charles work hard to drive through the tackles and score Bangor’s consolation try, bringing the final score to 55-5.

From Bangor’s point of view, the final score doesn’t tell the whole story of this competition. While the final may have resulted in a sad anti-climax for Bangor, the remarkable journey to get there will be remembered for some time. On the day, Dundalk were by far the better side, and Bangor would have to concede that their game was not up to the usual standard. However, there is no doubt the experience of competing at this level is something to relish and the goal now will be to secure a top four place in the league and try again next year.

Everybody at the club has nothing but the highest respect and praise for what has been achieved this year by not just the 1sts, but all the senior teams, and one poor result isn’t going to change that – the welcome at Upritchard Park for the returning players is testament to that. With that in mind, the players now need to put this disappointment behind them and provide the best possible response against a struggling Portadown side at home in the league next Saturday.

Bangor side: J Leary, A Jackson, P Whyte, F Black, G Irvine, R Latimer, J Clegg, C Stewart, R Armstrong, K Rosson, D Charles, M Aspley, M Weir, M Widdowson, C Morgan

Subs: S Irvine, O McIlmurray, D Kelly, M Rodgers, C Harper, D Fusco, M Thompson

Bangor scores: D Charles (1T)

Dundalk Storm To Title Dundalk 55 v Bangor 5 from KnockOn.ie

Dundalk Scorers: Christopher Scully, Owen McNally, Jonathan Williams, John Smyth, Ultan Murphy, Tiernan Gonnelly, James McConnon and Stephen Murphy 1 try each. Ultan Murphy 6 cons, 1 pen.

Bangor Scorers: David Charles 1 try.

In front of a big crowd at Chambers Park on Saturday afternoon Dundalk delivered a stunning and ruthless display to see off the challenge of Bangor and capture the All Ireland Junior Cup title for the very first time.

Three first half tries had them firmly in control at 19-0 ahead having played with the elements at the Portadown venue during the first half and while the wind dropped somewhat after half time the Dundalk intensity most certainly didn’t as they cut loose scoring five more tries.

Dundalk returned to a heroes welcome at their Mill Road clubhouse on Saturday night after a display of pure brilliance throughout the afternoon.

Precision, pace and skill from the Louth men from start to finish left Bangor playing second fiddle for long periods.

Chitra, also spelled as Citra, is an Indian genre of art that includes painting, sketch and any art form of delineation. The earliest mention of the term Chitra in the context of painting or picture is found in some of the ancient Sanskrit texts of Hinduism and Pali texts of Buddhism

 

NOMENCLATURE

Chitra (IAST: Citra, चित्र) is a Sanskrit word that appears in the Vedic texts such as hymns 1.71.1 and 6.65.2 of the Rigveda. There, and other texts such as Vajasaneyi Samhita, Taittiriya Samhita, Satapatha Brahmana and Tandya Brahmana, Chitra means "excellent, clear, bright, colored, anything brightly colored that strikes the eye, brilliantly ornamented, extraordinary that evokes wonder". In the Mahabharata and the Harivamsa, it means "picture, sktech, dilineation", and is presented as a genre of kala (arts). Many texts generally dated to the post-4th-century BCE period, use the term Chitra in the sense of painting, and Chitrakara as a painter. For example, the Sanskrit grammarian Panini in verse 3.2.21 of his Astadhyayi highlights the word chitrakara in this sense. Halls and public spaces to display paintings are called chitrasalas, and the earliest known mention of these are found in the Ramayana and the Mahabharata.

 

A few Indian regional texts such as Kasyapa silpa refer to painting by others words. For example, abhasa – which literally means "semblance, shining forth", is used in Kasyapa-shilpa to mean as a broader category of painting, of which chitra is one of three types. The verses in section 4.4 of the Kasyapa-silpa state that there are three types of images – those which are immovable (walls, floor, terracota, stucco), movable, and those which are both movable-immovable (stone, wood, gems).[5] In each of these three, states Kasyapa-shipa, are three classes of expression – ardhacitra, citra, and citra-abhasa. Ardhacitra is an art form where a high relief is combined with painting and parts of the body is not seen (it appears to be emerging out of the canvas). The Citra is the form of picture artwork where the whole is represented with or without integrating a relief. Citrabhasha is the form where an image is represented on a canvas or wall with colors (painting). However, states Commaraswamy, the word Abhasa has other meanings depending on the context. For example, in Hindu texts on philosophy, it implies the "field of objective experience" in the sense of the intellectual image internalized by a person during a reading of a subject (such as an epic, tale or fiction), or one during a meditative spiritual experience.

 

In some Buddhist and Hindu texts on methods to prepare a manuscript (palm leaf) or a composition on a cloth, the terms lekhya and alekhya are also used in the context of a chitra. More specifically, alekhya is the space left while writing a manuscript leaf or cloth, where the artist aims to add a picture or painting to illustrate the text.

 

HISTORY

The earliest explicit reference to painting in an Indian text is found in verse 4.2 of the Maitri Upanishad where it uses the phrase citrabhittir or "like a painted wall". The Indian art of painting is also mention in a number of Buddhist Pali suttas, but with the modified spelling of Citta. This term is found in the context of either a painting, or painter, or painted-hall (citta-gara) in Majjhima Nikaya 1.127, Samyutta Nikaya 2.101 and 3.152, Vinaya 4.289 and others. Among the Jain texts, it is mentioned in Book 2 of the Acaranga Sutra as it explains that Jaina monk should not indulge in the pleasures of watching a painting.

 

The Kamasutra, broadly accepted to have been complete by about the 4th-century CE, recommends that the young man should surprise the girl he courts with gifts of color boxes and painted scrolls. The Viddhasalabhanjika – another Hindu kama- and kavya–text uses chitra-simile in verse 1.16, as "pictures painted by the god of love, with the brush of the mind and the canvas of the heart".

 

The nature of a chitra (painting), how the viewer's mind projects a two dimensional artwork into a three dimensional representation, is used by Asanga in Mahayana Sutralamkara – a 3rd to 5th-century Sanskrit text of the Mahayana Buddhist tradition, to explain "non-existent imagination" as follows:

 

Just as in a picture painted according to rules, there are neither projections nor depressions and yet we see it in three dimensions, so in the non-existent imagination there is no phenomenal differentiation, and yet we behold it.

— Mahayana Sutralamkara 13.7, Translated in French by Sylvain Levi

 

According to Yoko Taniguchi and Michiyo Mori, the art of painting the caves at the c. 6th-century Buddhas of Bamiyan site in Afghanistan, destroyed by the Taliban Muslims in the late 1990s, were likely introduced to this region from India along with the literature on early Buddhism.

 

TEXTS

There are many important dedicated Indian treatises on chitra. Some of these are chapters within a larger encyclopedia-like text. These include:

 

Chitrasutras, chapters 35–43 within the Hindu text Vishnudharmottara Purana (the standard, and oft referred to text in the Indian tradition)

Chitralaksana of Nagnajit (a classic on classical painting, 5th-century CE or earlier making it the oldest known text on Indian painting; but the Sanskrit version has been lost, only version available is in Tibet and it states that it is a translation of a Sanskrit text)

Samarangana Sutradhara (mostly architecture treatise, contains a large section on paintings)

Aparajitaprccha (mostly architecture treatise, contains a large section on paintings)

Manasollasa (an encyclopedia, contains chapters on paintings)

Abhilashitartha chinatamani

Sivatatva ratnakara

Chitra Kaladruma

Silpa ratna

Narada silpa

Sarasvati silpa

Prajapati silpa

Kasyapa silpa

 

These and other texts on chitra not only discuss the theory and practice of painting, some of them include discussions on how to become a painter, the diversity and the impact of a chitra on viewers, of aesthetics, how the art of painting relates to other arts (kala), methods of preparing the canvas or wall, methods and recipes to make color pigments. For example, the 10th-century Chitra Kaladruma presents recipe for making red color paint from the resin of lac insects. Other colors for the historic frescoes found in India, such as those in the Ajanta Caves, were obtained from nature. They mention earthy and mineral (inorganic) colorants such as yellow and red ochre, orpigment, green celadonite and ultramarine blue (lapis lazuli). The use of organic colorants prepared per a recipe in these texts have been confirmed through residue analysis and modern chromatographic techniques.

 

THEORY

The Indian concepts of painting are described in a range of texts called the shilpa shastras. These typically begin by attributing this art to divine sources such as Vishvakarma and ancient rishis (sages) such as Narayana and Nagnajit, weaving some mythology, highlighting chitra as a means to express ideas and beauty along with other universal aspects, then proceed to discuss the theory and practice of painting, sketching and other related arts. Manuscripts of many these texts are found in India, while some are known to be lost but are found outside India such as in Tibet and Nepal. Among these are the Citrasutras in the 6th-century Visnudharmottara Purana manuscripts discovered in India, and the Citralaksana manuscript discovered in Tibet (lost in India). This theory include early Indian ideas on how to prepare a canvas or substrate, measurement, proportion, stance, color, shade, projection, the painting's interaction with light, the viewer, how to captivate the mind, and other ideas.

 

According to the historic Indian tradition, a successful and impactful painting and painter requires a knowledge of the subject – either mythology or real life, as well as a keen sense of observation and knowledge of nature, human behavior, dance, music, song and other arts. For example, section 3.2 of Visnudharmottara Purana discusses these requirements and the contextual knowledge needed in chitra and the artist who produces it. The Chitrasutras in the Vishnudharmottara Purana state that the sculpture and painting arts are related, with the phrase "as in Natya, so in Citra". This relationship links them in rasa (aesthetics) and as forms of expression.

 

THE PAINTING

A chitra is a form of expression and communication. According to Aparajitaprccha – a 12th-century text on arts and architecture, just like the water reflects the moon, a chitra reflects the world. It is a rupa (form) of how the painter sees or what the painter wants the viewer to observe or feel or experience.

 

A good painting is one that is alive, breathing, draws in and affects the viewer. It captivates the minds of viewers, despite their diversity. Installed in a sala (hall or room), it enlivens the space.

 

The ornaments of a painting are its lines, shading, decoration and colors, states the 6th-century Visnudharmottara Purana. It states that there are eight gunas (merits, features) of a chitra that the artist must focus on: posture; proportion; the use of the plumb line; charm; detail (how much and where); verisimilitude; kshaya (loss, foreshortening) and; vrddhi (gain). Among the dosas (demerits, faults) of a painting and related arts, states Chitrasutra, are lines that are weak or thick, absence of variety, errors in scale (oversized eyes, lips, cheeks), inconsistency across the canvas, deviations from the rules of proportion, improper posture or sentiment, and non-merging of colors.

 

LIMBS OF THE PAINTING

Two historical sets called "chitra anga", or "limbs of painting" are found in Indian texts. According to the Samarangana Sutradhara – an 11th-century Sanskrit text on Hindu architecture and arts, a painting has eight limbs:

 

Vartika – manufacture of brushes

Bhumibandhana – preparation of base, plaster, canvas

Rekhakarma – sketching

Varnakarma – coloring

Vartanakarma – shading

lekhakarana – outlining

Dvikakarma – second and final lining

Lepyakarma – final coating

 

According to Yashodhara's Jayamangala, a Sanskrit commentary on Kamasutra, there are sadanga (six limbs)[note 5] in the art of alekhyam and chitra (drawing and painting):

 

Rupa-bhedah, or form distinction; this requires a knowledge of characteristic marks, diversity, manifested forms that distinguish states of something in the same genus/class

Pramanani, or measure; requires knowledge of measurement and proportion rules (talamana)

Bhava yojanam, or emotion and its joining with other parts of the painting; requires understanding and representing the mood of the subject

Lavanya yojanam, or rasa, charm; requires understanding and representing the inner qualities of the subject

Sadrsyam, or resemblance; requires knowledge of visual correspondence across the canvas

Varnika-bhanga or color-pigment-analysis; requires knowledge how colors distribute on the canvas and how they visually impact the viewer.

 

These six limbs are arranged stylistically in two ways. First as a set of compound (Rupa-bhedah and Varnika-bhanda), a set of joining (middle two yojnam), and a set of single words (Pramanani and Sadrsyam). Second, states Victor Mair, the six limbs in this Hindu text are paired in a set of differentiation skills (first two), then a pair of aesthetic skills, and finally a pair of technical skills. These limbs parallel the 12th-century Six principles of Chinese painting of Xie He. {refn|group=note|The Hua Chi of Teng Ch'un, a 12th-century Chinese text, mentions the Buddhist temple of Nalanda with frescoes about the Buddha painted inside. It states that the Indian Buddhas look different from those painted by Chinese, as the Indian paintings have Buddha with larger eyes, their ears are curiously stretched and the Buddhas have their right shoulder bare. It then states that the artists first make a drawing of the picture, then paint a vermilion or gold colored base. It also mentions the use of ox-glue and a gum produced from peach trees and willow juice, with the artists preferring the latter. According to Coomaraswamy, the ox-glue in the Indian context mentioned in the Chinese text is probably the same as the recipe found in the Sanskrit text Silparatna, one where the base medium is produced from boiling buffalo skin in milk, followed by drying and blending process.

 

The six limbs in Jayamangala likely reflect the earliest and more established Hindu tradition for chitra. This is supported by the Chitrasutras found in the Vishnudharmottara Purana. They explicitly mention pramanani and lavanya as key elements of a painting, as well as discuss the other four of the six limbs in other sutras. The Chitrasutra chapters are likely from about the 4th or 5th-century. Numerous other Indian texts touch upon the elements or aspects of a chitra. For example, the Aparajitaprccha states that the essential elements of a painting are: citrabhumi (background), the rekha (lines, sketch), the varna (color), the vartana (shading), the bhusana (decoration) and the rasa (aesthetic experience).

 

THE PAINTER

The painter (chitrakara, rupakara) must master the fundamentals of measurement and proportions, state the historic chitra texts of India. According to these historic texts, the expert painter masters the skills in measurement, characteristics of subjects, attributes, form, relative proportion, ornament and beauty, states Isabella Nardi – a scholar known for her studies on chitra text and traditions of India. According to the Chitrasutras, a skilled painter needs practice, and is one who is able to paint neck, hands, feet, ears of living beings without ornamentation, as well as paint water waves, flames, smoke, and garments as they get affected by the speed of wind. He paints all types of scenes, ranging from dharma, artha and kama. A painter observes, then remembers, repeating this process till his memory has all the details he needs to paint, states Silparatna. According to Sivatattva Ratnakara, he is well versed in sketching, astute with measurements, skilled in outlining (hastalekha), competent with colors, and ready to diligently mix and combine colors to create his chitra. The painter is a creative person, with an inner sense of rasa (aesthetics).

 

THE VIEWER

The painter should consider the diversity of viewers, states the Indian tradition of chitra. The experts and critics with much experience with paintings study the lines, shading and aesthetics, the uninitiated visitors and children enjoy the vibrancy of colors, while women tend to be attracted to the ornamentation of form and the emotions. A successful painter tends to captivate a variety of minds. A painter should remember that the visual and aesthetic impact of a painting triggers different responses in different audiences.

 

The Silparatna – a Sanskrit text on the arts, states that the painting should reflect its intended place and purpose. A theme suitable for a palace or gateway is different from that in a temple or the walls of a home. Scenes of wars, misery, death and suffering are not suitable paintings within homes, but these can be important in a chitrasala (museum with paintings). Auspicious paintings with beautiful colors such as those that cheer and enliven a room are better for homes, states Silparatna.

 

PRACITICE

According to the art historian Percy Brown, the painting tradition in India is ancient and the persuasive evidence are the oldest known murals at the Jogimara caves. The mention of chitra and related terms in the pre-Buddhist Vedic era texts, the chitra tradition is much older. It is very likely, states Brown, the pre-Buddhist structures had paintings in them. However, the primary building material in ancient India was wood, the colors were organic materials and natural pigments, which when combined with the tropical weather in India would naturally cause the painting to fade, damage and degrade over the centuries. It is not surprising, therefore, that sample paintings and historic evidence for chitra practice are unusual. The few notable surviving examples of chitra are found hidden in caves, where they would be naturally preserved a bit better, longer and would be somewhat protected from the destructive effects of wind, dust, water and biological processes.

Some notable, major surviving examples of historic paintings include:

 

Murals at Jogimara cave (eight panels of murals, with a Brahmi inscription, 2nd or 1st century BCE, Hindu), oldest known ceiling paintings in India in remote Ramgarh hills of northern Chhattisgarh, below on wall of this cave is a Brahmi inscription in Magadhi language about a girl named Devadasi and a boy named Devadina (either they were lovers and wrote a love-graffiti per one translation, or they were partners who together converted natural caves here into a theatre with painted walls per another translation)

 

Mural at Sitabhinji Group of Rock Shelters (c. 400 CE Ravanachhaya mural with an inscription, near a Shiva temple in remote Odisha, a non-religious painting), the oldest surviving example of a tempera painting in eastern states of India

 

Murals at Ajanta caves (Jataka tales, Buddhist), 5th-century CE, Maharashtra

Murals at Badami Cave Temples (Hindu), 6th-century CE, Karnataka (secular paintings along with one of the earliest known painting of a Hindu legend about Shiva and Parvati inside a Vaishnava cave)

Murals at Bagh caves (Hallisalasya dance, Buddhist or Hindu), Madhya Pradesh

Murals at Ellora caves (Flying vidyadharas, Jain), Maharashtra

Frescoes at Sittanavasal cave (Nature scenes likely representing places of Tirthankara sermons, Jain), Tamil Nadu

Frescoes at Thirunadhikkara cave temple (Flowers and a woman, likely a scene of puja offering to Ganesha, another of Vishnu, Hindu), Travancore region, Kerala-Tamil Nadu

Paintings at the Brihadisvara temple (Dancer, Hindu), Tamil Nadu

Manuscript paintings (numerous states such as Gujarat, Kashmir, Kerala, Odisha, Assam; also Nepal, Tibet; Buddhist, Jain, Hindu

Vijayanagara temples (Hindu), Karnataka

Chidambaram temple (Hindu), Tamil Nadu

Chitrachavadi (Hindu, a choultry–mandapa near Madurai with Ramayana frescoes)

Pahari paintings (Hindu), Himachal Pradesh and nearby regions

Rajput paintings (Hindu), Rajasthan

Deccan paintings (Hindu, Jain)

Kerala paintings (Hindu)

Telangana paintings (Hindu)

Mughal paintings (Indo-Islamic)

 

CONTEMPORARY CULTURE

Kalamkari (Hindu)

Pattas (Jain, Hindu)

 

WIKIPEDIA

Presidential Candidate 總統候選人

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Tianliang Ma

 

~ a Taiwanese social reformer, philosopher, photographer and film director

 

“Touching Fairness and Justice”

  

馬天亮

 

~ 臺灣的社會改革者，哲學家，攝影師，和電影導演

 

《感動的公平與正義》

  

TianLiang Maa, alternative spelling: Tianliang Ma, also known as Theophilus Raynsford Mann; Ma, Tianliang; Chinese: 馬天亮; 马天亮.

  

SUMMARY

 

TianLiang Maa is a naturalist, occultist, Buddhist and Taoist. In 1982, Maa developed a technique for abstract photography, applied “Rayonism” into photographic works. Maa staged 32 individual, extraordinary exhibitions around Taiwan, who was the first exhibitor around Formosa. Maa’s works is the beginning of modernization in the modern abstract arts in the world. At the University of Oxford, Maa’s attractive topic was “A View of Architectural History: Towns through the Ages from Winchester through London Arrived at Oxford in England”; also an author at the University of California, Berkeley and the University of Michigan in the United States; an alumnus from Christ Church College at the University of Oxford in England, the University of Glamorgan in Wales, and National Taiwan University in Taipei on Taiwan. Maa’s works have been quoted by the scholars many times, making Maa one of the highly cited technological, artistic, and managing public administrators in the academia. Maa was listed in “Taiwan Who’s Who In Business” © 1984, 1987, 1989 Harvard Management Service.

  

Early Life and Record of Genealogy

 

TianLiang Maa possesses both Taiwanese and German surnames from birth. Usually, whenever anyone asks Maa about where he comes from, he would reply “Formosa” as he grew up and was educated in the Far East and lives in Taiwanese and Japanese lifestyles. Moreover, he often teaches and educates younger generations based on the methods of the Far Eastern teaching he experienced when he was young, though he does not oppose the Western ways of teaching and thinking. Maa takes great pride in his roots, which go back 150 years (since 1864); Maa’s ancestry originates and creates generations, and prepares younger generations to succeed their personality and ethical standards and integrity.

 

Education in Taiwan and a Brief of Latest Generation of History in Taiwan / Formosa

 

In 1980, Maa obtained his postgraduate certificate from the Graduate Institute of Electrical Engineering of National Taiwan University in Taipei; successfully completed another graduate studies in Information dBase III Plus and Taiwanese Traditional Chinese Mandarin Information System at National Sun Yat-Sen University in Kaohsiung in 1989.

 

In history, the Portuguese explorers discovered and called the island (Taiwan), “Formosa” (meaning “Beautiful Island”) in 1590. They are non-Chinese people; it was long a Chinese and Japanese pirate base. Fighting continued, between its original inhabitants of Taiwanese and the Chinese settlers, into the 19th century. In 1894-95 first Sino-Japanese War that ended in Manchus of the Qing (Ching) dynasty defeat, the late Manchu Qing Government forced to cede Formosa to Japan. This result was made by the Treaty of Shomonoseki in 1895 and remained under Japanese control until the end of the Second World War. Early on, Taiwan was conquered by the Qing in 1683 and for the first time became part of older China dynasty. However, today, the home country of Maa’s origin has around 165 institutions (93 universities) of higher education, which now has one of the best-educated populations in Asia. Among the major public (state) ones are the National Taiwan University (NTU) at Taipei, and National Sun Yat-Sen University (NSYSU) at Kaohsiung. NSYSU is also called National Chun-Shan University; according to Times Higher Education 2010-2011, NSYSU ranks as the 3rd university in Taiwan, 21st in Asia, and 163rd worldwide. National Taiwan University is ranked 51 to 60 ranks on Times Higher Education World University Rankings - Top Universities by Reputation 2013, the United Kingdom (see www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/world-university-rankings/...); King's College London (KCL) (21st in the world and 6th in Europe in the 2010, QS World University Rankings), the University of London, and University of Southern California (is one of the world's leading private research universities, located in the heart of Los Angeles), afterward.

 

Backing to Maa’s early school-time of Taiwan Provincial Kaohsiung Industrial Senior High School (Kaohsiung Municipal Kaohsiung Industrial High school), the professional technical education, which is equivalent to Advanced Level General Certificate of Education, commonly referred to as an A-level in the United Kingdom; China Electronic Engineering College, the distance learning programme, which is in equivalence as UK’s Diploma of Higher Education / Undergraduate Diploma (as an Associate Degree in the United States). An additional, his middle education was taught by the Kaohsiung Municipal Chihjh (Ci Sian) Junior High School; and Kaohsiung Municipal San Min Elementary School was his first school in Taiwan.

  

Early Career

 

In 1989, Maa instituted Maa’s Office of Electrical Engineer, he settled himself in electrical technology and industries as a chief engineer in his early years. He put his professional and precise knowledge to good account in business management. A formal business management with business relationship established to provide for regular services, dealings, and other commercial transactions and deed. He had many customers having a business and credit relationship with his firm then he was a successful engineer.

  

Study Abroad and Immigration into the United Kingdom

 

In 1998, Maa studied abroad when he arrived in Great Britain; he studied at School of Built Environment, the University of Glamorgan (Prifysgol Morgannwg) in Merthyr Tydfil, Pontypridd, Wales for a master of science in real estate appraisal. Until the summer of 2000, Maa completed an academic course on “Towns through the Ages” from Christ Church College at the University of Oxford (is ranked the 2nd place worldwide on The Times Higher Education, World University Rankings 2012-2013

www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/world-university-rankings/...) in England. Afterward, Maa immigrated into the United Kingdom in the early year of 2004.

  

PHILOSOPHICAL VIEWS

 

Maa is a naturalist; he trusts spiritual naturalism and naturalistic spirituality, which teaches that “the unknown” created this wonderful world. “The unknown” arranged the nature with its law so that everything in nature is kept balanced and in order. However, human beings failed to control themselves, deliberately went against the law of nature, and resulted in disasters, which we deserved. He also is an occultist, a Taoist, and a Buddhist; but in Britain, he frequently goes to Christian and Catholic churches, where he makes friends with pastors and fathers as well as churchgoers. In his mind, he recognizes “Belief is truth held in the mind; faith is a fire in the heart”. He is always a freethinker, does not accept traditional, social, and religious teaching, but based on his ideas: a thought or conception that potentially and actually exists in his mind as a product of mental activity - his opinion, conviction, and principle. If people have not come across eastern classics and philosophy, we are afraid that people would never understand TianLiang Maa. People cannot judge an eastern philosopher based on western ways of thinking. He studies I Ching discovering eastern classics of ancient origin consisting of 64 interrelated hexagrams along with commentaries. The hexagrams embody Taoist philosophy by describing all nature and human endeavour in terms of the interaction of yin and yang, and the classics may be consulted as an oracle.

 

Back in the 1990s when Maa just arrived at England, he had been offered places to do Ph.D. and LL.M. degrees (degree in Law and Politics of the European Union) by several western professors in the Great Britain. He has met all the requirements for postgraduate admissions to study at UK’s universities.

 

During his time at Oxford, he learnt a lot of British culture and folk-custom while carrying out research with many British and Western professors, experts, and archaeologists. This proves that Maa understands various aspects in British society, culture, and lifestyles. Of course, he does not fully understand about the perspectives of thinking of a typical British. For example, what would be the most valuable in life for a British person? What would a British want to gain from life? What is the goal in life for a British? Is it fortune or a lover? Alternatively, perhaps honour? On the other hand, maybe being able to travel around the world and see the world?

  

FAIRNESS and JUSTICE

 

As TianLiang Maa’s (馬天亮) saying are:

 

“Touching Fairness and Justice”

 

Feel good about themselves, but do not know the sufferings of the people...

Who can get easy life like them?

What is profile of modern society?

What type and style is truly solemn for this society identify?

Where “the characterization” is? Who can see? Did you see it?

 

《感動的公平與正義》

 

自我感覺良好, 不知民間疾苦...

誰能得到安逸的生活如同他們一樣？

這是個什麼樣子的社會？

這個社會認定什麼樣的類型和風格是真正莊重的?

「特徵」在那裡？誰可以看到？你看到了嗎？

  

Jurisprudence and Political Philosophy and Perspectives

 

Maa ever studied judicial review and governmental action, the impact of law and legal techniques, constitutional mechanisms for the protection of basic rights, and ensuring the integrity of commercial activity, the impact of law and legal techniques on government, policymaking, and administration, as well as the creation of markets. He tries to understand these critical trends in the political development of modern state. Maa will combine both theoretical and empirical approaches, and the conditions for democratic transition and the nature of state development in the ‘post-industrial’ era of globalisation and economic integration.

 

According as Maa’s legal experiences, he comprehend that “the knowledge of the law is like a deep well, out of which each man draught according to the strength of his understanding”, and, law and arbitrary power are in eternal enmity. He is also sure law and institutions are constantly tending to gravitate like clocks; they must be occasionally cleansed, and wound up, and set to true time.

 

The government issues a decree - an authoritative order having the force of law, which charged with putting into effect a country's laws and the administering of its functions. Any of the officials promulgate a law or put into practice relating to the government charged with the execution and administration of the nation's laws then they announce and carry out the creation of any order or new policy that will be responsible for the people.

 

Maa had knowledge in connexion with construction law; he also understands architectural arts, and as well learnt the forms by combining materials and parts include as an integral part concerning modern construct. I ever built urban buildings and rural architecture in different styles under new housing and building projects by the governmental administration and construction corporations.

 

Right now, Maa studies the problems caused by ethnic disputes and human armed conflicts in the modern society resulted code of mixed civil and criminal procedure. He wishes an agreement or a treaty to end human hostilities - the absence of war and other hostilities around the world. The interrelation and arrangement of freedom from quarrels and disagreement become harmonious relations living in peace with each other. Actually, erect peace in more friendly ways of making friendships for modern human society is comfortable in my ideal. It is like building monolithic architecture: houses and buildings for the people. Maa would like to do “something beautiful for `the unknown`”.

 

In the ethnic disagreement and armed conflicts as concerning the poor people and children notwithstanding they live through a bad environment on any of poor or crowded village or town in a particular manner - lived frugally. However, after years of industrialisation as a more educated population, becomes more aware of global plenum, continuing to be alive. Environmental groups are increasing and lobbing government will legislate to stop bad environmental and social practices. The establishments of human rights’ wide and untiring efforts will be alleviated people’s suffering. And as well the poor people shall meet and debate sustainable development and for a concerted government led action towards sustainability is an example that the younger generation are concerned for the future. It shall be making the younger easier for their life and make better on their lives, and help them to build a better future.

 

In present world, Maa really knows the full meanings of “Fundamental Human Rights and Equal Opportunities for the People”. He thinks ethics is the moral code governing the daily conduct of the individual toward those about him / her. It represents those rules or principles by which men and women live and work in a spirit of mutual confidence and service. Without going into the question of how an ethical code was formulated or why anybody should obey it, we can look at the matter in a common-sense fashion with reference to its influence upon our legal affairs. In brief, from the law point of view, a reputable ethical code embodies the qualities of accuracy, dependability, fair play, sound judgement, and service. It is based upon honesty.

 

No person can have an ethical code that concerns him / her alone. Living in society, as he / she must, a person encounters others whose rights must be respected as well as his / her own. An honest regard for the rights of others is an essential element of any decent code of ethics, and one that anyone must observe if anybody intends to follow that code. After all, ethics is not something apart from human beings. Indeed, there is no such thing apart from our actions and us. It is the duty, therefore, of every man and woman in legal affairs to see that his daily associations with others are truly in conformity with the plain meaning of the Ten Commandments: “Thou shalt not barratry, thou shalt not bear false witness, thou shalt not receive illegal fee and the rest”.

 

The knowledge Maa has, in connection with legal affairs, was usually come from his precious experiences of his past over ten year’s law and political careers. In an interval regarded as a distinct period of 1980s, he studied mixed civil and crime, and the code of mixed civil and criminal procedure for the problems caused by ethnic disputes and human armed conflicts in the modern society. He was especially one who maintains the language and customs of the group, and social security in Taiwan.

 

Since 30 July of 1988, Maa settled himself in law as a chief executive and scrivener at Central Legal, Real Estate, and Accounting Services Office; it is in the equivalent to a solicitor of the United Kingdom. The Office provided full legal, accounting, real estate, and commercial services to the public. He did his job as a person legally appointed by another to act as his or her agent in the transaction of business, specifically one qualified and licensed to act for plaintiffs and defendants in legal proceedings and affairs. Over and above Maa was a chairman and executive consultant at Taiwan Credit Information Company®, founded in 1994. The company offered services to the public in response to need and demand in the area of credit information.

 

Maa had excellent experiences in political and law work was pertaining to mixed civil and crime, the code of mixed civil and criminal procedure, construction, and commercial law abroad. The experiences of legal services related to the rights of private individuals and legal proceedings concerning these rights as distinguished. In the criminal proceedings, he did many cases for the defendants. Although an act committed or omitted in violation of a law forbidding or commanding it and for which punishment is imposed upon conviction; but he also laid legal claim, required as useful, just, proper, or necessary to the defendants under the human rights in the meantime. This provision ensures to the defendant a real voice in the subject.

 

The men whose judgement we respect are those who do not allow prejudices, preferences, or personalities to influence their decisions. Profit and self-aggrandisement are likewise ignored in their determination to reach an equitable and fair settlement. What are the basic principles upon which good judgement is founded? A keen intellect, a normal emotionally, a through understanding of human nature, experience of law work, sincerity, and integrity.

  

Developed a Technique for Abstract Photography and Abstractionist

 

In 1982, Maa developed a technique for abstractive photography, which applied “rayonism” to the photographic works. In November of 1984, Maa was 26-year-old, he instructed many professors and students of National Taiwan Normal University in photography of abstract impressionism and rayonnisme in Taipei, Taiwan. The word “rayonnisme” is French for rayonism - a style of abstract painting developed in 1911 in Russia.

  

Photographic Exhibitions

 

TianLiang Maa (Theophilus Raynsford Mann) Photographic Exhibition of “Rayonnisme / Rayonism” Tour - Invitational Exhibition of Taiwan 1983-84.

一九八三〜八四年中華民國臺灣 馬天亮攝影巡迴邀請展

 

TianLiang Maa (Theophilus Raynsford Mann) Photographic Exhibition of Rayonnisme / Rayonism (32 individual exhibitions) 1983~1985.

馬天亮『光影』攝影特展（個人展32場）1983〜1985年.

 

Maa staged 32 individual, extraordinary exhibitions and annual special exhibitions on photography of abstractive image and Rayonnisme around Taiwan / Formosa. Maa was the first exhibitor around the country. All of the invited displays were by the Chinese Government, cultural and artistic organisations, and sponsors. Maa’s earliest exhibition took place in the National Taiwan Arts Education Institute (Museum) on 19 December 1983 when Maa was 25 years old; Maa was the youngest exhibitor in the history of the Institute in any solo exhibitions. The Institute that was opened in March 1957, kept a collection of Maa’s work. It is currently updating the Institute’s internal organisation and strengthening co-operation with leading institutes and museums around the world. Meanwhile, it widened the institute’s scope to increase its emphasis on Taiwan’ regional culture and folk arts.

  

Modernization in the Modern Abstract Arts of Taiwan

 

Maa’s works is the beginning of modernization in the modern abstract arts of Taiwan, China and greater Chinese society in the world. The use of “modernisation” as a concept that is opposed to “Traditional” of “Conservative” ideas began with the approach of the 20th century. It spreads rapidly through academic circles, and was broadly accepted as a means to reform society. Chinese Manchu Qing (Ching) dynasty’s first steps toward modernisation began in the Tung-chih era (1862-1874) with the “Self-Empowerment Movement”. During the late 19th century, as late Manchu dynasty was confronted on all sides by foreign aggression, voices throughout society debated the most effective means to reform and strengthen the country. Some advocated “combining the best of East and West”, while others went so far as to call for “complete Westernisation”. Taiwan was at the centre of these waves of reform. Faced with direct threats against the island by foreign enemies, the Chinese Ching dynasty court took special steps to push Taiwan’s modernisation.

 

In a role just like that of a gardener wanting to create a rich and fertile environment for the seeds of culture, one in which Maa may sprout, grow and bloom. Maa aims to provide an educational stimulus for society by introducing his works - Maa can express the neo-romantic spirit deftly from various creations and supporting international artistic exchanges. Maa believes that the first step in creating such a new and independent state is the real emergence of culture and arts, for which the art and science of designing and erecting buildings, and fine arts (including photography and motion picture) of the civilization is a good measurement of success. For the foreseeable future, Maa should be continuing to forge ahead, working diligently and unceasingly towards its mission of raising China and Formosa / Taiwan’s culture in his spare time.

  

Became an Author and a Scholar

 

In 1980, TianLiang Maa completed his first book - scenario original “The Soul's Sentimentalizing”, also named: “Hun Yun : Jin Qi Tu Rui” 電影原著《魂韻》(衿契吐蕊) then Maa was at the age of 22. In 1983, The General Library of the University of California, Berkeley in the United States of America, collected and kept Maa’s writings - scenario original 「魂韻 : 衿契吐蕊」“Hun Yun : jin qi tu rui”, included a musical composition of his own – “Sonate Nr. 1 C-dur op. 3 für Klavier (piano)”, composed on 3rd April 1977 then Maa was 18 years old. The works were published in 1980; the theme was based on “The Soul's Sentimentalizing”. Another masterpiece was an Album of Academic Work for News Publication “TianLiang Maa (Theophilus Raynsford Mann) Photographic Exhibition of Rayonnisme / Rayonism”, published in 1985. The Hathi Trust Digital Library, the University of Michigan also collected and kept Maa’s writings.

  

Authorship

 

Maa’s articles and writings were published in more than 200 different kinds of domestic and foreign magazines, newspapers, and periodicals, in the period between May of 1972 and 1990s. It was all started when Maa was just 13-year-old. Many of which have been very influential. These have been quoted by Western and Eastern scholars many times in the last few years, making Maa one of the highly cited technological, artistic, and managing public administrators in the world in the late 20th and early 21st century. The Ministry of the Interior in Taiwan had registered Maa’s professional writings and given him two certificates of copyright. The numbers are 33080 and 33081 on 4th July of 1985; and Taiwan’s Gazette of The Presidential Office issue No. 4499, featured his writings on 4th September 1985.

  

Became an Academic and Film Director

 

Today, Maa is a professor at Space Time Life Research Academy, and a photographer, film director, and computer engineer now live and work in London.

  

Director Works:

FILMS:

Experimental Film “New Image for the Spring” © 1982

Documentary Film “Rayonnisme” © 2011

“The Soul's Sentimentalizing” of the feature film is based on the scenario original “The Soul's Sentimentalizing” (preparation)

 

FASHION SHOWS:

New Image for the Spring of Shapely Models International © 1982

High Lights on the Summer and Fall Fashion of Shapely Models Int’l © 1982

 

ART EXHIBITIONS:

The Cadillac Club International Fine Arts Exhibition © 1981

The Cinematic & Photographic Arts Salon and the Hall of the Arts, Pegasus Academy of Arts © 1981

  

Musician Work:

MUSIC COMPOSITION:

Sonate Nr. 1 C-dur op. 3 für Klavier (piano) © 1977, © 1980, © 1981, © 1983, the theme was based on “The Soul's Sentimentalizing”.

  

PHOTOGRAPHIC ALBUMS:

Portrait and Landscape in France © 2000

Portrait and Landscape in Scotland © 2001

Portrait and Landscape in England © 2009

Portrait at Queen Mary, University of London © 2010

Rayonism of London © 2011

Portrait at The University of Nottingham, United Kingdom © 2011

Snowy London © 2012

Portrait at King's College London © 2013

  

BOOKS:

Scenario Original「魂韻」(衿契吐蕊) “Hun yun: jin qi tu rui” © December 1980, © 1981, © 1983 (Date of First Publication: 31 December 1980, Second Edition on 29 July 1981, Date of Revision: Revised Edition on 8 May 1983), Languages: Chinese (traditional), and English language.

“Album of the Cadillac Club International Fine Arts Exhibition” © 1981

“Album of the Cinematic & Photographic Arts Salon and the Hall of the Arts, Pegasus Academy of Arts” © 1981

“Album of New Image for the Spring of Shapely Models International” © 1982

“Album of High Lights on the Summer and Fall Fashion of Shapely Models Int’l” © 1982

“Romantic Carol” © 1982

Album of Academic Work for News Publication: “TianLiang Maa (Theophilus Raynsford Mann) Photographic Exhibitions of Rayonnisme” © May 1985

新聞出版之學術著作專輯「馬天亮『光影』“Rayonism” 攝影展」© May 1985

New version of scenario original “The Soul's Sentimentalizing” (to be published)

「曾經輝煌到頂天立地」 “The Indomitable Spirit Was Brilliant to Upright” (individual biography, to be published)

“My Life, My History, and My Love” (based on a legend, to be published, a film scenario will be developed later)

「感動的公平與正義」“Touching Fairness and Justice” (political science and social studies, to be published)

  

Research Interests:

 

University of Oxford

Research Studies in Archaeology:

Maa’s attractive topic was “A View of Architectural History: Towns through the Ages from Winchester through London Arrived at Oxford in England”.

 

National Taiwan University

Graduate Certificate,

Graduate Institute of Electrical Engineering:

Maa’s monograph of seminar was “Applied the sequence control in the electric power distribution engineering”.

 

University of Glamorgan

M.Sc. Course,

Master of Science in Real Estate Appraisal:

Maa’s thesis - major subject, with relevant construction law was “The Assignment is under Economics of Construction Management in Architecture”.

 

National Sun Yat-Sen University

Postgraduate Certificate,

Postgraduate Studies in Computing:

Maa’s required subject was Information dBase III Plus and Taiwanese Traditional Mandarin Chinese Information System. He combined academic course work and practical laboratory sessions in “Applied Mandarin Phonetic Symbols into Traditional Taiwanese Personal Computer and Its Information System”.

  

Associations:

 

Since 1980, a member of Chinese Taipei Film Archive (CTFA, National Film Archive, Taiwan; founded in 1978), The Motion Picture Foundation, R.O.C. (member of Fédération Internationale des Archives du Film, FIAF; The International Federation of Film Archives was founded in Paris in 1938 by the British Film Institute, the Museum of Modern Art in New York City, the Cinémathèque Française and the Reichsfilmarchiv in Berlin.)

 

Commissioner of the cinema, photography, radio, and television committee of The Culture and Arts Association (Chinese Writers and Artists Association) of Taiwan ever since September 1983.

 

Classic member, the membership is equivalent to a doctorate membership of the Chinese Institute of Electrical Engineering since 23 March 1984.

 

On 15 March 1989, Maa promoted and founded the Consortium Juridical Person Mr. TianLiang Maa Social Benefit Foundation 財團法人馬天亮先生社會公益基金會 in Taiwan. near.archives.gov.tw/cgi-bin/near2/nph-redirect?rname=tre...

 

Classic member, the membership is equal to a professor or associate professor of The Chinese Institute of Engineers since 30 September 1991.

  

Honours:

 

Listed on ‘Taiwan Who’s Who In Business’, © 1984, © 1987, and © 1989 Harvard Management Service.

中華民國企業名人錄編纂委員會, 哈佛企業管理顧問公司.

 

On 26 August 1985, Maa was awarded a professional certificate of the Outdoor Artistry Activities issued by Education Bureau, Kaohsiung City Government, Taiwan. He acquired awards and certificates of honour about twenty times from National Taiwan Arts Education Center (Museum) on 24 December 1983; Kaohsiung Municipal Social Education Center on 17 March 1984, Kaohsiung Cultural Center, Taipei Cultural Center (Taipei Municipal Social Education Hall); and Taiwan Province Government, Taipei City Government, Kaohsiung City Government, and many cultural centres and art galleries, and so on.

  

Careers:

 

Honorary Professor at Space Time Life Research Academy, 7 June 2012 to present; Professor at Space Time Life Research Academy, 1 September 2011 to 1 June 2012 in London, United Kingdom:

Academia,

Teaching and Research:

business management and consultant, political philosophy, Chinese classics, Chinese humanities, modern Chinese language and literature, photography (portrait, fashion, commercial, digital, architectural, abstract photography), visual arts and film production.

www.facebook.com/stlra/info

教學與研究：

企業管理及顧問、政治哲學、中華經典 (古典漢學、文學、藝術、語言) 、中華人文、中華現代語言與文學、攝影 (人像、時裝、商業、數位/數碼、建築、抽象攝影) ，視覺藝術和影片製作。

 

Consultant and Translator at Eternal Life Consultants of Immigration and Translations Services, 10 March 2004 to present in London, United Kingdom:

consultants of immigration, translations, and legal services.

www.facebook.com/elcits/info

永生移民顧問翻譯服務社的移民諮詢顧問和翻譯：

移民事務，翻譯和法律服務。

 

Computer Hardware & Networking Engineer at Maa Office of Electrical Engineer, 8 March 2004 to present in London, United Kingdom:

Computer Engineering and Network Services. Repairing of Motherboards, Monitors, Power Supplies, CD-ROM Drives; UPS, Hard Disk Drives, H.D.D Data Recovery; BIOS Programming, and all types of Computer Hardware and Software Solutions.

www.facebook.com/maaelec/info

計算機工程和網絡服務。維修主機板，顯示器，電源供應器，光碟機/光盘驱动器，不斷電系統，硬碟/硬盘，硬盤數據恢復，基本輸入輸出系統編程，以及所有類型的電腦/計算機硬體/硬件和軟體/軟件解決方案。

 

Film Director & Photographer at Photographer and Film Director (Shapely), 2 April 2007 to present in London, United Kingdom:

1) Photo, Video and Film Production; 2) Graphic Design, Web Design, Social Networking, Social Media and Advertising; 3) Architectural Design and Interior Design.

www.facebook.com/filmshapely/info

 

Reformer and Philosopher at Taiwanese Social Reformer and Philosopher, 7 April 2012 (location: Los Angeles, California) to present in London, United Kingdom:

Social Reform in Taiwan

www.facebook.com/twreform/info

  

《魂韻》(衿契吐蕊) - 馬天亮22歲寫的電影原著。TianLiang Maa (Theophilus Raynsford Mann) wrote “Hun Yun” (Jin Qi Tu Rui), scenario original “The Soul’s Sentimentalizing” © 1980, 1981, 1983, was at the age of 22.

Website

mtltwp.pixnet.net/album/set/1265174

album.blog.yam.com/mtltwp

photo.roodo.com/photos/mtltwp/albums/small/100469.html

www.facebook.com/hunyun22

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Sonate Nr. 1 C-dur op. 3 für Klavier (piano) by Theophilus Raynsford Mann (TianLiang Maa 馬天亮) © 1977, © 1980, © 1981, © 1983. The Sonate composed on 3rd April 1977 then Maa was 18-year-old. The work was published in 1980; the theme was based on “The Soul's Sentimentalizing”.

Website

www.facebook.com/sonate1c

www.facebook.com/piano1c/info

  

LINKS:

 

University of California, Berkeley

berkeley.worldcat.org/search?q=Ma%2C+Tianliang&dblist...

berkeley.worldcat.org/title/hun-yun/oclc/813684284?refere...

oskicat.berkeley.edu/record=b11283690~S1

 

University of Michigan

mirlyn.lib.umich.edu/Record/006237256

catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/006237256

 

WorldCat® Identities

www.worldcat.org/search?q=au%3AMa%2C+Tianliang%2C&dbl...

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Google Books

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National Bibliographic Information Network (NBINet)

nbinet3.ncl.edu.tw/search~S10?/a%7bu99AC%7d%7bu5929%7d%7b...

192.83.186.170/search*cht/a%E9%A6%AC%E5%A4%A9%E4%BA%AE

 

National Yang Ming University 國立陽明大學

library.ym.edu.tw/search~S7*cht?/tThe+Soul%27s+and+sentim...

 

National Taiwan University of Science and Technology 國立臺灣科技大學

millennium.lib.ntust.edu.tw/record=b1016706~S1

 

Wikimedia Commons 維基共享資源

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國家圖書館 期刊文獻資訊網, 臺灣期刊論文索引

readopac3.ncl.edu.tw/nclJournal/search/search_result.jsp?...

 

聲音藝術的審美角度, 大學雜誌, 天然

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為文化中心把脈, 幼獅文藝

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科學家與守財奴, 中國地方自治

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Yahoo, Bing, Google Search

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Atomzone

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lurvely.com www.lurvely.com/photographer/77438197_N03/

 

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Nature - National Library Board Singapore

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画像検索

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Japan Photos and Pictures

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far-east-movement - Blogcu (Turkey)

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man fashion

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Travel Splash

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Country profile Taiwan

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itpints

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AskJot

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Who is talking

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University of California, Berkeley period

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University of Michigan period

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University of Oxford period

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University of Glamorgan period

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University of Huddersfield period

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art galleries uk

artgalleriesuk.blogspot.co.uk/2012/08/bigandtall-stores-s...

 

Mitrasites system

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articles.whmsoft

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pantieslace-forwomen.blogspot.co.uk/2012/08/motherhood-ma...

3piece-suits.blogspot.co.uk/2012/07/nursing-shawl-become-...

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German

www.wer-ist.org/person/Jin_Mann

 

www.pediatr.org.tw/DB/News/file/1913-1.pdf

  

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Dundalk overwhelm Bangor in All Ireland Final

by Roger Corbett

Bangor’s amazing run in the All Ireland Junior Cup came to an abrupt end when they were comprehensively beaten by Dundalk, eventually losing by 55-5.

Where do you start when trying to relate and absorb the events of Saturday’s final at Chambers Park? Firstly, congratulations to worthy winners Dundalk who nullified the Bangor attack, then went on to produce some stunning plays which racked up no less than 8 tries, each by a different player. For Bangor’s part, they were unable to respond to the intensity of Dundalk’s game, and lacked the cutting edge which their opponents used to great effect.

The day started full of promise, as the strong support from North Down made their way to Chambers Park in Portadown, knowing Bangor would be fielding their best team. Once again, the pundits had Bangor as the underdogs – just as they had done so in the previous three rounds! In confounding the experts earlier, Bangor produced some awesome performances against top quality opposition to get to the final. Dundalk had produced some convincing wins in the early rounds of the competition, but had struggled to get past CIYMS in the semi-final, just managing to squeeze ahead at the second time of asking. However, with a number of key players returning to the side in time for this game, they were now back at full strength and would be a formidable force to contend with.

Having won the toss, captain Jamie Clegg elected to play into the stiff wind in the first half. For the first 5 minutes, Bangor doggedly retained possession and tried to play their way into Dundalk’s half through a series of determined forward moves. However, little ground was made and, when possession was finally lost, the Dundalk back line produced a burst that simply cut through the Bangor defence resulting in an easy touch down under Bangor’s posts for a 7-0 lead.

Bangor stuck to their plan and slowly, but patiently, got their attack moving forward, eventually winning a penalty to the left of Dundalk’s posts, but Mark Widdowson’s kick into the wind drifted just wide of the mark.

The contrast in play between the two teams was becoming clear, with Bangor trying to keep the ball close while Dundalk were throwing it wide. The latter strategy was proving to be the more effective as, with 20 minutes gone, a quick back line move with players looping around resulted in an overlap on the right wing which gave a clear run in to again, score under the posts. A further 9 minutes later, they did it again and, although the Bangor defence had sensed the danger and moved across to cover it, their tackling let them down allowing Dundalk to get over in the right hand corner, taking their lead to 19-0.

By now, Bangor were trying to hang on until half time when they could regroup and come out with the wind at their backs. Dundalk, on the other hand were anxious to press home their advantage and give them a more comfortable lead. To Bangor’s credit, although camped on their own line for lengthy spells, they dug in and managed to hold on until the referee’s half time whistle.

As the teams reappeared from the dressing rooms, it was obvious Bangor were ringing the changes, particularly in the backs. With the wind advantage having lessened considerably, Bangor got the second half underway. It was now Dundalk’s turn to adopt the slow, steady approach, just as Bangor had done earlier. However, their more confident off-loading and support play was, once again, taking play deep into Bangor’s territory. Frustration at not being able to gain possession and take play out of their danger area eventually resulted in a yellow card for Clegg after a succession of penalties. Dundalk kicked the penalty to touch, won their lineout and drove for the line. Although initially held up by the Bangor defence, Dundalk’s repeated drives were eventually rewarded with another converted score, extending their lead to 26-0.

From the touchline, the Bangor faithful had felt that if their players had managed to score first in the second half, they may have been able to mount a fight-back and close the gap to their opponents. As it was, this Dundalk score simply bolstered their confidence and pushed Bangor deeper into trouble. With Bangor still a man down, Dundalk added to the score with a penalty and then another score in the corner. Everything was now working for the Leinster men, as even the difficult touchline conversion into the biting wind successfully split the posts, bringing the score to 36-0.

As the game entered the final quarter, and with Dundalk all but holding the cup, Bangor were now on the ropes. By contrast, the Dundalk players were in almost total control, and were not going to slow down now. In a 10 minute spell, they ran in a further 3 tries, making the scoreline 55-0. By now, any sense of dejection the Bangor supporters may have been feeling was now moved to feelings of sympathy for their players. However, pride was at stake and once again Bangor rallied as the game entered its final minutes. At last, the forwards got within striking distance of the Dundalk line and, although their repeated attacks were repelled, they finally managed to do what their opponents had done so effectively, and quickly passed the ball wide to Davy Charles. Even though they were 55 points ahead, the Dundalk defence made Charles work hard to drive through the tackles and score Bangor’s consolation try, bringing the final score to 55-5.

From Bangor’s point of view, the final score doesn’t tell the whole story of this competition. While the final may have resulted in a sad anti-climax for Bangor, the remarkable journey to get there will be remembered for some time. On the day, Dundalk were by far the better side, and Bangor would have to concede that their game was not up to the usual standard. However, there is no doubt the experience of competing at this level is something to relish and the goal now will be to secure a top four place in the league and try again next year.

Everybody at the club has nothing but the highest respect and praise for what has been achieved this year by not just the 1sts, but all the senior teams, and one poor result isn’t going to change that – the welcome at Upritchard Park for the returning players is testament to that. With that in mind, the players now need to put this disappointment behind them and provide the best possible response against a struggling Portadown side at home in the league next Saturday.

Bangor side: J Leary, A Jackson, P Whyte, F Black, G Irvine, R Latimer, J Clegg, C Stewart, R Armstrong, K Rosson, D Charles, M Aspley, M Weir, M Widdowson, C Morgan

Subs: S Irvine, O McIlmurray, D Kelly, M Rodgers, C Harper, D Fusco, M Thompson

Bangor scores: D Charles (1T)

Dundalk Storm To Title Dundalk 55 v Bangor 5 from KnockOn.ie

Dundalk Scorers: Christopher Scully, Owen McNally, Jonathan Williams, John Smyth, Ultan Murphy, Tiernan Gonnelly, James McConnon and Stephen Murphy 1 try each. Ultan Murphy 6 cons, 1 pen.

Bangor Scorers: David Charles 1 try.

In front of a big crowd at Chambers Park on Saturday afternoon Dundalk delivered a stunning and ruthless display to see off the challenge of Bangor and capture the All Ireland Junior Cup title for the very first time.

Three first half tries had them firmly in control at 19-0 ahead having played with the elements at the Portadown venue during the first half and while the wind dropped somewhat after half time the Dundalk intensity most certainly didn’t as they cut loose scoring five more tries.

Dundalk returned to a heroes welcome at their Mill Road clubhouse on Saturday night after a display of pure brilliance throughout the afternoon.

Precision, pace and skill from the Louth men from start to finish left Bangor playing second fiddle for long periods.

relates to this....

Spam: @ stonecold_dreaa

Main: @ a1_drea

Baccup : @ lil_dreaaa2x , @a1_dreaaa

Relating means revealing what is going on with you now, in the moment. You do not need to control how other people react to you or whether things turn out as planned. Your sense of self-worth will be based not on how things turn out, but on whether you express what you think, know, and feel in each moment. From the book "Getting Real"

  

The Governor signed the following bills today:

 

SB535 (Relating to Labor) makes Hawaii the second state – after New York – to place basic labor protections for domestic workers into law. It also establishes basic rights and protections for domestic workers, entitles workers to overtime pay and time for meal and rest breaks, and provides basic civil rights protections against abuse and harassment.

 

HB1187 (Relating to Human Trafficking) designates January as Human Trafficking Awareness Month and adds minor victims of sex and labor trafficking to the scope of the Child Protective Act and other state child abuse laws.

 

HB1068 (Relating to Human Trafficking) requires certain employers to display a poster that provides information relating to human trafficking and contact information for the National Human Trafficking Resource Center Hotline.

 

SB192 (Relating to Prostitution) makes solicitation of a minor a crime and increases the statute of limitations to bring a cause of action for coercion into prostitution from 2 to 6 years. It also clarifies the minimum and maximum fine for a person convicted of committing the offense of prostitution; adds the offenses of solicitation of a minor for prostitution, habitual solicitation of prostitution, and solicitation of prostitution near schools and public parks under the state’s forfeiture laws; amends the definition of “sexual offense” under the sexual offender registry laws to include acts that consist of the solicitation of a minor who is less than 18 years of age for prostitution; and requires registration with the sexual offender registry for conviction of solicitation of a minor for prostitution as a Tier 1 offense.

 

HB587 (Relating to the Penal Code) amends the penal code to include that it shall be unlawful to physically abuse persons in a “dating relationship.” It also requires a police officer to separate a perpetrator and family or household member who has been physically abused for 48 hours.

 

SB655 (Relating to Health) allows health professionals to treat partners of patients diagnosed as having certain sexually transmitted diseases by dispensing or prescribing medication to the partners without examining them. The measure also ensures that expedited partner therapy is in accordance with Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines and recommendations, and it provides limited liability protection.

 

SB532 (Relating to Breastfeeding in the Workplace) requires certain employers to provide reasonable time and private location for breastfeeding employees to express breast milk. The measure also requires covered employers to post a notice, and it establishes a civil fine for each violation.

 

SB1340 (Relating to Foster Care) extends voluntary foster care to age 21.

 

SB529 (Relating to Parental Rights) requires family courts to deny custody or visitation, and allows courts to terminate parental rights, to a person convicted of a sexual assault with respect to the child conceived through that assault.

The Governor signed the following bills today:

 

SB535 (Relating to Labor) makes Hawaii the second state – after New York – to place basic labor protections for domestic workers into law. It also establishes basic rights and protections for domestic workers, entitles workers to overtime pay and time for meal and rest breaks, and provides basic civil rights protections against abuse and harassment.

 

HB1187 (Relating to Human Trafficking) designates January as Human Trafficking Awareness Month and adds minor victims of sex and labor trafficking to the scope of the Child Protective Act and other state child abuse laws.

 

HB1068 (Relating to Human Trafficking) requires certain employers to display a poster that provides information relating to human trafficking and contact information for the National Human Trafficking Resource Center Hotline.

 

SB192 (Relating to Prostitution) makes solicitation of a minor a crime and increases the statute of limitations to bring a cause of action for coercion into prostitution from 2 to 6 years. It also clarifies the minimum and maximum fine for a person convicted of committing the offense of prostitution; adds the offenses of solicitation of a minor for prostitution, habitual solicitation of prostitution, and solicitation of prostitution near schools and public parks under the state’s forfeiture laws; amends the definition of “sexual offense” under the sexual offender registry laws to include acts that consist of the solicitation of a minor who is less than 18 years of age for prostitution; and requires registration with the sexual offender registry for conviction of solicitation of a minor for prostitution as a Tier 1 offense.

 

HB587 (Relating to the Penal Code) amends the penal code to include that it shall be unlawful to physically abuse persons in a “dating relationship.” It also requires a police officer to separate a perpetrator and family or household member who has been physically abused for 48 hours.

 

SB655 (Relating to Health) allows health professionals to treat partners of patients diagnosed as having certain sexually transmitted diseases by dispensing or prescribing medication to the partners without examining them. The measure also ensures that expedited partner therapy is in accordance with Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines and recommendations, and it provides limited liability protection.

 

SB532 (Relating to Breastfeeding in the Workplace) requires certain employers to provide reasonable time and private location for breastfeeding employees to express breast milk. The measure also requires covered employers to post a notice, and it establishes a civil fine for each violation.

 

SB1340 (Relating to Foster Care) extends voluntary foster care to age 21.

 

SB529 (Relating to Parental Rights) requires family courts to deny custody or visitation, and allows courts to terminate parental rights, to a person convicted of a sexual assault with respect to the child conceived through that assault.

立法會改善環境衞生及市容事宜小組委員會視察元朗垃圾收集及鼠患監察設施

立法会改善环境卫生及市容事宜小组委员会视察元朗垃圾收集及鼠患监察设施

LegCo Subcommittee on Issues Relating to the Improvement of Environmental Hygiene and Cityscape visits refuse collection and rodent surveillance facilities in Yuen Long (2021.04.26)

 

Dundalk overwhelm Bangor in All Ireland Final

by Roger Corbett

Bangor’s amazing run in the All Ireland Junior Cup came to an abrupt end when they were comprehensively beaten by Dundalk, eventually losing by 55-5.

Where do you start when trying to relate and absorb the events of Saturday’s final at Chambers Park? Firstly, congratulations to worthy winners Dundalk who nullified the Bangor attack, then went on to produce some stunning plays which racked up no less than 8 tries, each by a different player. For Bangor’s part, they were unable to respond to the intensity of Dundalk’s game, and lacked the cutting edge which their opponents used to great effect.

The day started full of promise, as the strong support from North Down made their way to Chambers Park in Portadown, knowing Bangor would be fielding their best team. Once again, the pundits had Bangor as the underdogs – just as they had done so in the previous three rounds! In confounding the experts earlier, Bangor produced some awesome performances against top quality opposition to get to the final. Dundalk had produced some convincing wins in the early rounds of the competition, but had struggled to get past CIYMS in the semi-final, just managing to squeeze ahead at the second time of asking. However, with a number of key players returning to the side in time for this game, they were now back at full strength and would be a formidable force to contend with.

Having won the toss, captain Jamie Clegg elected to play into the stiff wind in the first half. For the first 5 minutes, Bangor doggedly retained possession and tried to play their way into Dundalk’s half through a series of determined forward moves. However, little ground was made and, when possession was finally lost, the Dundalk back line produced a burst that simply cut through the Bangor defence resulting in an easy touch down under Bangor’s posts for a 7-0 lead.

Bangor stuck to their plan and slowly, but patiently, got their attack moving forward, eventually winning a penalty to the left of Dundalk’s posts, but Mark Widdowson’s kick into the wind drifted just wide of the mark.

The contrast in play between the two teams was becoming clear, with Bangor trying to keep the ball close while Dundalk were throwing it wide. The latter strategy was proving to be the more effective as, with 20 minutes gone, a quick back line move with players looping around resulted in an overlap on the right wing which gave a clear run in to again, score under the posts. A further 9 minutes later, they did it again and, although the Bangor defence had sensed the danger and moved across to cover it, their tackling let them down allowing Dundalk to get over in the right hand corner, taking their lead to 19-0.

By now, Bangor were trying to hang on until half time when they could regroup and come out with the wind at their backs. Dundalk, on the other hand were anxious to press home their advantage and give them a more comfortable lead. To Bangor’s credit, although camped on their own line for lengthy spells, they dug in and managed to hold on until the referee’s half time whistle.

As the teams reappeared from the dressing rooms, it was obvious Bangor were ringing the changes, particularly in the backs. With the wind advantage having lessened considerably, Bangor got the second half underway. It was now Dundalk’s turn to adopt the slow, steady approach, just as Bangor had done earlier. However, their more confident off-loading and support play was, once again, taking play deep into Bangor’s territory. Frustration at not being able to gain possession and take play out of their danger area eventually resulted in a yellow card for Clegg after a succession of penalties. Dundalk kicked the penalty to touch, won their lineout and drove for the line. Although initially held up by the Bangor defence, Dundalk’s repeated drives were eventually rewarded with another converted score, extending their lead to 26-0.

From the touchline, the Bangor faithful had felt that if their players had managed to score first in the second half, they may have been able to mount a fight-back and close the gap to their opponents. As it was, this Dundalk score simply bolstered their confidence and pushed Bangor deeper into trouble. With Bangor still a man down, Dundalk added to the score with a penalty and then another score in the corner. Everything was now working for the Leinster men, as even the difficult touchline conversion into the biting wind successfully split the posts, bringing the score to 36-0.

As the game entered the final quarter, and with Dundalk all but holding the cup, Bangor were now on the ropes. By contrast, the Dundalk players were in almost total control, and were not going to slow down now. In a 10 minute spell, they ran in a further 3 tries, making the scoreline 55-0. By now, any sense of dejection the Bangor supporters may have been feeling was now moved to feelings of sympathy for their players. However, pride was at stake and once again Bangor rallied as the game entered its final minutes. At last, the forwards got within striking distance of the Dundalk line and, although their repeated attacks were repelled, they finally managed to do what their opponents had done so effectively, and quickly passed the ball wide to Davy Charles. Even though they were 55 points ahead, the Dundalk defence made Charles work hard to drive through the tackles and score Bangor’s consolation try, bringing the final score to 55-5.

From Bangor’s point of view, the final score doesn’t tell the whole story of this competition. While the final may have resulted in a sad anti-climax for Bangor, the remarkable journey to get there will be remembered for some time. On the day, Dundalk were by far the better side, and Bangor would have to concede that their game was not up to the usual standard. However, there is no doubt the experience of competing at this level is something to relish and the goal now will be to secure a top four place in the league and try again next year.

Everybody at the club has nothing but the highest respect and praise for what has been achieved this year by not just the 1sts, but all the senior teams, and one poor result isn’t going to change that – the welcome at Upritchard Park for the returning players is testament to that. With that in mind, the players now need to put this disappointment behind them and provide the best possible response against a struggling Portadown side at home in the league next Saturday.

Bangor side: J Leary, A Jackson, P Whyte, F Black, G Irvine, R Latimer, J Clegg, C Stewart, R Armstrong, K Rosson, D Charles, M Aspley, M Weir, M Widdowson, C Morgan

Subs: S Irvine, O McIlmurray, D Kelly, M Rodgers, C Harper, D Fusco, M Thompson

Bangor scores: D Charles (1T)

Dundalk Storm To Title Dundalk 55 v Bangor 5 from KnockOn.ie

Dundalk Scorers: Christopher Scully, Owen McNally, Jonathan Williams, John Smyth, Ultan Murphy, Tiernan Gonnelly, James McConnon and Stephen Murphy 1 try each. Ultan Murphy 6 cons, 1 pen.

Bangor Scorers: David Charles 1 try.

In front of a big crowd at Chambers Park on Saturday afternoon Dundalk delivered a stunning and ruthless display to see off the challenge of Bangor and capture the All Ireland Junior Cup title for the very first time.

Three first half tries had them firmly in control at 19-0 ahead having played with the elements at the Portadown venue during the first half and while the wind dropped somewhat after half time the Dundalk intensity most certainly didn’t as they cut loose scoring five more tries.

Dundalk returned to a heroes welcome at their Mill Road clubhouse on Saturday night after a display of pure brilliance throughout the afternoon.

Precision, pace and skill from the Louth men from start to finish left Bangor playing second fiddle for long periods.

This image relates to my question "Can you tell a person's sexuality by their clothes?" simply because with the title caption it asks the viewer which one of the people in the picture is gay? The boy or the girl? If you think the boy, why? If you think the girl, why? You know absolutely nothing about these two people, but when asked which one is gay, a person is going to judge the people by the way they dress or even hold themselves in the picture. What about the boys clothes would tell you he is gay? What about what the girl is wearing? She is wearing a loose fitting Star Wars cut sleeved shirt and a black shirt and black stockings with combat boots, does that make her a lesbian? People are born and raised to have preconceived notions about what a certain thing is supposed to look like, an apple is red, a bird can fly, a gay person dresses in vibrant colors and crazy patterns. But not all of these archaic notions are true and that is what I am interested in researching.

The Governor signed the following bills today:

 

SB535 (Relating to Labor) makes Hawaii the second state – after New York – to place basic labor protections for domestic workers into law. It also establishes basic rights and protections for domestic workers, entitles workers to overtime pay and time for meal and rest breaks, and provides basic civil rights protections against abuse and harassment.

 

HB1187 (Relating to Human Trafficking) designates January as Human Trafficking Awareness Month and adds minor victims of sex and labor trafficking to the scope of the Child Protective Act and other state child abuse laws.

 

HB1068 (Relating to Human Trafficking) requires certain employers to display a poster that provides information relating to human trafficking and contact information for the National Human Trafficking Resource Center Hotline.

 

SB192 (Relating to Prostitution) makes solicitation of a minor a crime and increases the statute of limitations to bring a cause of action for coercion into prostitution from 2 to 6 years. It also clarifies the minimum and maximum fine for a person convicted of committing the offense of prostitution; adds the offenses of solicitation of a minor for prostitution, habitual solicitation of prostitution, and solicitation of prostitution near schools and public parks under the state’s forfeiture laws; amends the definition of “sexual offense” under the sexual offender registry laws to include acts that consist of the solicitation of a minor who is less than 18 years of age for prostitution; and requires registration with the sexual offender registry for conviction of solicitation of a minor for prostitution as a Tier 1 offense.

 

HB587 (Relating to the Penal Code) amends the penal code to include that it shall be unlawful to physically abuse persons in a “dating relationship.” It also requires a police officer to separate a perpetrator and family or household member who has been physically abused for 48 hours.

 

SB655 (Relating to Health) allows health professionals to treat partners of patients diagnosed as having certain sexually transmitted diseases by dispensing or prescribing medication to the partners without examining them. The measure also ensures that expedited partner therapy is in accordance with Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines and recommendations, and it provides limited liability protection.

 

SB532 (Relating to Breastfeeding in the Workplace) requires certain employers to provide reasonable time and private location for breastfeeding employees to express breast milk. The measure also requires covered employers to post a notice, and it establishes a civil fine for each violation.

 

SB1340 (Relating to Foster Care) extends voluntary foster care to age 21.

 

SB529 (Relating to Parental Rights) requires family courts to deny custody or visitation, and allows courts to terminate parental rights, to a person convicted of a sexual assault with respect to the child conceived through that assault.

Richard Serra, "Verb List Compilation: Actions to Relate to Oneself" [1967-1968]

to roll

to crease

to fold

to store

to bend

to shorten

to twist

to dapple

to crumple

to shave

to tear

to chip

to split

to cut

to sever

to drop

to remove

to simplify

to differ

to disarrange

to open

to mix

to splash

to knot

to spill

to droop

to flow

to curve

to lift

to inlay

to impress

to fire

to flood

to smear

to rotate

to swirl

to support

to hook

to suspend

to spread

to hang

to collect

of tension

of gravity

of entropy

of nature

of grouping

of layering

of felting

to grasp

to tighten

to bundle

to heap

to gather

to scatter

to arrange

to repair

to discard

to pair

to distribute

to surfeit

to compliment

to enclose

to surround

to encircle

to hole

to cover

to wrap

to dig

to tie

to bind

to weave

to join

to match

to laminate

to bond

to hinge

to mark

to expand

to dilute

to light

to modulate

to distill

of waves

of electromagnetic

of inertia

of ionization

of polarization

of refraction

of tides

of reflection

of equilibrium

of symmetry

of friction

to stretch

to bounce

to erase

to spray

to systematize

to refer

to force

of mapping

of location

of context

of time

of cabonization

to continue

Articles relating to the new Town Hall, and the opening ceremony of the new Miller Park, Preston.

 

TO ENLARGE - either

 

1. Right-click the image then choose Original or...

2. Select View all sizes from the Actions tab then choose Original

 

Photos relating to the Death Star Build at TechReady 16, in CenturyLink Field.

Italien / Trentino - Gardasee

 

Torbole

 

seen from Cima Larici above Pregasina (Riva del Garda)

 

gesehen von der Cima Larici oberhalb von Pregasina (Riva del Garda)

 

Nago–Torbole (Nach e Tùrbule in local dialect) is a comune (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about 30 kilometres (19 miles) southwest of Trento on the north shore of Lake Garda.

 

The municipality of Nago–Torbole contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Torbole (Turbel), Nago (Naag), and Tempesta. The villages cling to the limestone rocks on the extreme north-west slope of Monte Baldo; it lies close to the mouth of the river Sarca and its houses are set as an amphitheater around the small bay, in front of Monte Rocchetta and the Ledro Alps.

 

Nago–Torbole borders the following municipalities: Arco, Riva del Garda, Mori, Ledro, Brentonico, and Malcesine.

 

Torbole

 

Torbole, at 67 metres (220 ft) above sea level, is situated on the extreme north-western appendix of the Baldo chain and it is set as an amphitheatre on Lake Garda. The lake, once only valuable to fishermen and traders, is still the most precious resource together with 2,079-metre (6,821 ft) high Monte Baldo, which was once a seemingly inexhaustible mine of firewood and game though now it is a protected area for its rare flora, some of which are endemic to the area.

 

Nago

 

Situated on the hills above Torbole sits Nago. The parish church of Nago, San Vigilio, is located on the town's main road. The present building dates from the late 16th century, but the first church probably dates from the early Christian period. It is mentioned for the first time in 1203, in a document relating to a dispute between the people of Nago and the Bishop of Trento, Conrad II de Beseno. It is called "collegiate" in the document and its importance at the time must have been considerable.

 

History

 

Venetian domination (1440–1510) is evident in the old harbor: a typical toll house placed on a lake-front wharf. Goethe, who stopped here in September 1786, described in his writings a longing and passionate image of this place. During Austrian domination (1810–1918), tourism grew during the Belle Époque.

 

This area was populated in prehistoric times and colonized during the Imperial Roman times; it formed a community with Nago, castle residence of the Counts d'Arco. In 1439 Torbole was involved in the Third Lombard War (1438), between the Duchy of Milan and the Republic of Venice. The latter dominated the eastern side of the lake (the Riviera). In order to gain supremacy on Lake Garda and help the Venetian condottiero Gattamelata, in freeing Brescia from the Milanese siege, the Venetians transported twenty-five boats and six galleys from the Adriatic Sea up the River Adige to the fluvial harbour of Mori. From here the boats were hauled further by oxen and manual labour until they could be launched into Lake Loppio, then further hauled along the slopes of Monte Baldo into Lake Garda at Torbole. This exploit cost 240 oxen and 15,000 ducats. In April 1440 the small Venetian fleet destroyed Visconti's fleet and conquered Riva del Garda.

 

Torbole, as early as the 15th century, was a stop for European travelers passing through on the Atesina road from Germany to Italy. Montaigne visited it in 1580. Goethe arrived here from Rovereto in the afternoon of 12 September 1786, four days after having crossed Brenner Pass. Goethe was 37 years old and upon seeing the blue expanse of Lake Garda and the silver olive-groves, he experienced for the first time the atmosphere and mild climate of the places extolled by the Classics, and he wrote that he had achieved happiness. The Brescian Cesare Arici, idyllic rural poet, exalted the "fishy Torbole". The painter Hans Lietzmann bought a large olive grove on the lake's shore (behind the Hotel Paradiso) and opened a school of nude art.

 

World War II and Liberation

 

Late April 1945: As Allied forces advanced, German troops began retreating from northern Italy, including Nago-Torbole, facing pressure from both the Allies and Italian partisans.

 

April 28–29, 1945: Nago-Torbole experienced significant activity during these final days. Partisan groups and local residents took control of key positions, anticipating the arrival of Allied forces.

 

Skirmishes and Resistance: Skirmishes occurred between retreating German units and partisans. Some German forces attempted to hold their positions but faced overwhelming pressure from both the partisans and the approaching Allied troops.

 

Liberation: On April 29, 1945, elements of the U.S. 10th Mountain Division reached Nago-Torbole after advancing through the Po Valley and the foothills of the Alps. The Allied troops were welcomed by local residents and partisans, whose collaboration was instrumental in ensuring a relatively swift and smooth liberation. By the end of April, most of the remaining German forces in the region had either surrendered or fled. The formal surrender of German forces in Italy occurred on May 2, 1945, marking the end of hostilities in the region.

 

Col. William O. Darby: The Assistant Division Commander of the 10th Mountain Division, Col. William O. Darby, was killed in action in Torbole on April 30, 1945, along with his aide, Sgt. Major John T. Evans, when struck by enemy artillery fire. Darby was posthumously promoted to Brigadier General, the only officer of that rank to be killed in Europe during World War II. A monument in Piazza Lietzmann, in front of the Church of Santa Maria, commemorates Col. Darby and twenty-five U.S. soldiers of the division who remain missing in action after the Lake Garda DUKW sinking. A separate plaque in the courtyard of the former Hotel Geier marks the exact site where Darby and Evans were killed.

 

U.S. Army Air Corps Aircraft: Above Nago, a U.S. Army Air Corps aircraft crashed during the final days of the war. In the following decades, local residents and the surviving pilot’s family commemorated the event with memorial visits and ceremonies.

 

Associazione Benàch: The Associazione Benàch is a non-profit organization based in Nago-Torbole that studies and preserves local World War II history. It operates a Welcome and Research Centre and has been involved in educational programs, exhibitions, publications, and documentary projects related to the 10th Mountain Division and the region’s wartime history. The organization has also proposed the creation of a "Museum of War and Peace" in Torbole to document the local impact of both World Wars.

 

Annual 40-Mile Challenge: Since 2010, the annual Col. William O. Darby 40-Mile Challenge has been held to honor Col. Darby and the soldiers of the 10th Mountain Division. The event was initiated by Rick Tscherne in collaboration with Ben Appleby and the Associazione Benàch, and has grown into a successful endurance march retracing the division’s final advance from the Po Valley to Lake Garda. The challenge typically takes place on or around April 30, the anniversary of Darby’s death, attracting civilians, veterans, and serving military personnel from Italy and the United States.

 

Sister City Relationship: Torbole maintains a sister-city relationship with Fort Smith, Arkansas, Darby’s hometown, in recognition of his legacy and the shared commemoration of the 10th Mountain Division.

 

The Lost Mountaineers Documentary: The award-winning documentary The Lost Mountaineers (2022) recounts these events and their modern remembrance.

 

(Wikipedia)

 

Nago-Torbole ist eine italienische Gemeinde mit 2764 Einwohnern (Stand 31. Dezember 2024) in der Provinz Trient, Region Trentino-Südtirol. Sie gehört zur Talgemeinschaft Comunità Alto Garda e Ledro.

 

Etymologie

 

Nach Christian Schneller ist der Name Nago aus der Aphärese von Benaco, dem alten Namen des Gardasees, entstanden. Benaco leitet sich nach vorherrschender Meinung aus dem Keltischen ab. Womöglich aus bennacus was in etwa „mit vielen Landspitzen“ bedeutet. Vereinzelt wird auch ein illyrischer Ursprung des Wortes angenommen. Der Name Torbole leitet sich aus dem lateinischen turbulus im Sinne von ad aquas turbulas (dt. bewegtes/stürmisches Wasser) ab. Nach Carlo Battisti ist der Name Torbole aus der Bezeichnung turba vel vivarium entstanden, mit der die Grafen von Arco ihren Fischmarkt benannten. Das nicht mehr gebräuchliche deutsche Exonym lautet Naag-Turbel.

 

Geografie

 

Lage

 

Die Gemeinde Nago-Torbole besteht aus den zwei Fraktionen:

 

Torbole liegt am nördlichen Teil des Gardasees, direkt an der Küstenstraße Gardesana Orientale. Der Ort selbst liegt 68 m über dem Meeresspiegel. Hier mündet die Sarca in den Gardasee, die diesen als Mincio bei Peschiera del Garda wieder verlässt.

 

Nago befindet sich oberhalb von Torbole auf über 200 Metern unterhalb des Passo San Giovanni (287 m s.l.m.), eingebettet zwischen der Monte Bondone – Monte Stivo Gruppe im Norden und der Monte-Baldo-Kette im Süden. Der Pass stellt eine wichtige Ost-West-Verbindung zwischen dem Vallagarina – dem südlichen Teil des Etschtales – und dem nördlichen Bereich des Gardasees dar.

 

Der Weiler Tempesta bildet keine eigene Fraktion und besteht lediglich aus einigen Häusern am Ostufer des Gardasees südlich von Torbole. Südlich von Tempesta bildet die Gemeindegrenze gleichzeitig die Grenze zur Provinz Verona (Region Venetien).

 

Die Gemeinde hat ihren Sitz in Torbole. Der höchste Punkt wird am Monte Altissimo di Nago mit 2079 m s.l.m. erreicht.

 

Nachbargemeinden sind: Arco, Brentonico, Ledro, Mori und Riva del Garda alle in der Provinz Trient gelegen sowie Malcesine in der Provinz Verona.

 

Zum über 28 km² großen Gemeindegebiet gehören Teile des Naturparks Monte Baldo, darunter zum Teil die NATURA 2000 Schutzgebiete Lago di Loppio und Monte Baldo di Brentonico.

 

Geschichte

 

Frühgeschichte und Antike

 

Die ersten menschlichen Spuren in Nago-Torbole lassen sich auf das späte Jungpaläolithikum zurückdatieren. Zahlreiche Steinartefakte wurden bei Castel Penede, den Ausläufern des Monte Altissimo di Nago und des Monte Creino gefunden, die den Schluss zulassen, dass es sich nicht nur um sporadische Besuche in der Gegend handelte. Weitere Funde aus dem Mesolithikum wurden bei Prati di Nago und Pré Alta entdeckt. Die ersten menschlichen Überreste stammen aus einer Grabstätte der Kupfersteinzeit am südöstlichen Ortsrand von Nago. Andere Funde weisen auf die Präsenz von Menschen in der Bronzezeit und Eisenzeit hin. Auf letztere lässt sich die Fundstelle Busa Brodeghèra beim Rifugio Altissimo Damiano Chiesa zurückführen.

 

Der Fritzens-Sanzeno-Kultur in der Eisenzeit wird die Gründung einer Siedlung unterhalb von Castel Penede zugeschrieben. Bei mehreren Grabungen, die ab 2019 von der Universität Trient am westlichen Abhang des Burgberges durchgeführt wurden, wurden die Reste einer Siedlung freigelegt, die ab dem 6. Jahrhundert. v. Chr. bis zur späten römischen Kaiserzeit im 5. Jahrhundert n. Chr. bestand.

 

Aus der Römerzeit waren bereits 1832 die Reste einer Nekropolis auf dem Burgberg freigelegt worden. In der Nähe fand man auch gotische und römische Münzen aus den Regierungszeiten Vespasians und Konstantins.

 

Den Römern wird auch der Bau einer ersten Straße über das Valle S. Lucia zum Seeufer zugesprochen. Sicher ist, dass der Karrenweg über diesen kleinen Taleinschnitt bis zur Mitte des 18. Jahrhunderts die einzige Straßenverbindung zwischen Nago und Torbole war. Weitere römische Fundstücke wurden im Ortskern von Nago bei der Pfarrkirche S. Vigilio sowie im Ortsteil Tempesta am Ufer des Gardasees entdeckt.

 

Mittelalter

 

Während der Byzantinischen Herrschaft gehörte der nördliche Uferbereich des Gardasees und damit auch die Gegend um Nago-Torbole der Curtis Ripae, also dem Hof Riva, an. Ende des 10. Jahrhunderts fiel dieser dem Bischof von Verona zu, in dessen Besitz er bis 1027 verblieb, als Konrad II. ihn dem Hochstift Trient einverleibte. 1039 wurden dem Pustertaler Stift Sonnenburg Nutzungs- und Eigentumsrechte in Sommolago („locus Summolacus“), der Gegend am Nordufer des Gardasees zwischen Riva, Arco und Torbole am Unterlauf des Sarca, übertragen.

 

Ab dem 12. Jahrhundert begann sich die Geschichte der beiden Orte differenzierter herauszukristallisieren. 1154 wurde Torbole und 1171 Nago erstmals schriftlich erwähnt. Im gleichen Jahrhundert weiteten die Grafen von Arco geschickt ihren Machtbereich auf die beiden Orte aus. Dabei war Torbole wegen des Hafens und der damit verbundenen Zolleinnahmen und Nago aufgrund von Castel Penede von Interesse. Zwischen 1198, als den Arcos von Philipp von Schwaben das Recht zugestanden wurde eine Zollstation am Hafen von Torbole zu errichten, und 1210, als sie vom Fürstbischof von Trient Friedrich von Wangen die Burg oberhalb von Nago als Lehen erhielten, konnten sie ihren Machtbereich am nordöstlichen Eckpunkt des Gardasees festigen.

 

Die Lage am wichtigen Verbindungsweg zwischen Etschtal und Gardasee führte unweigerlich dazu, dass durch beide Orte im Laufe der Geschichte immer wieder Heerscharen durchzogen. So 1243 im Konflikt zwischen Ghibellinen und Guelfen, als guelfische Truppen nach ihrer Niederlage gegen die Verbündeten Ezzelinos III. da Romano die beiden Orte brandschatzten.

 

Andererseits zog man aufgrund der Lage nicht nur Soldaten und Söldner an, sondern auch Reisende. Einer der Ersten war Dante Alighieri, der zu Beginn des 14. Jahrhunderts auf Castel Penede weilte und dies in der Divina Commedia erwähnte.

 

Frühe Neuzeit

 

Im Dezember 1438 fiel Castel Penede und damit die beiden Orte in den Herrschaftsbereich der Republik Venedig. Während des Kampfes um die Vorherrschaft auf dem Gardasee zwischen Venedig und den Viscontis aus Mailand, wurde 1439 die im Unternehmen Galeas per montes vom Etschtal zum Gardasee transportierte venezianische Flotte in Torbole zu Wasser gelassen. Pier Candido Decembrio, der das venezianische Unternehmen beschrieb, bezeichnete Torbole noch als kleines Landgut. Mit Venedig nahm aber die Bedeutung Torboles als Hafenort zu, was zu einem merklichen Bevölkerungszuwachs führte, so dass die erstmals 1175 erwähnte Kirche S. Andrea in Torbole erweitert werden musste. Zwischen 1458 und 1459 wurde mit dem Bau eines Karrenweges an der zum Gardasee abfallenden Südwand des Monte Brione erstmals eine direkte Landverbindung zwischen Torbole und Riva geschaffen. Damit entfielen die bis dahin nötigen Umwege über Arco und die damit verbundenen Straßenzölle.

 

Die venezianische Epoche endete 1509 als Maximilian I. mit seinen Truppen die Burg und die beiden Orte nach der Niederlage Venedigs in der Schlacht bei Agnadello und dem damit verbundenen Rückzug der Venezianer aus dem Gebiet des oberen Gardasees besetzen konnte. In der Folgezeit kehrten die Grafen von Arco als kaiserliche Lehensherrn zurück. Die Gemeinde behielt aber eine weitgehende administrative Autonomie, wie aus den erhaltenen Gemeindestatuten hervorgeht.

 

1580 setzte Michel de Montaigne auf seiner Italienreise mit dem Boot von Torbole nach Riva über und hinterließ eine erste kurze literarische Beschreibung des Ortes.

 

Moderne

 

Während des Spanischen Erbfolgekrieges wurde Castel Penede 1703 von den Franzosen unter General Vendôme zerstört und verfiel zur Ruine. 1766 ließ Maria Theresia von Österreich in Tempesta eine Zollstation errichten, um die Einfuhr von billigem Getreide aus Venetien über den See zu unterbinden. Eine Maßnahme, die den Unmut der Bevölkerung hervorrief, so dass die Zollstation zwei Jahre später von einer aufgebrachten Menge zerstört wurde.

 

Im gleichen Jahr konnte nach drei Jahren Bauzeit zum ersten Mal auch die neue Straße zwischen Nago und Torbole begangen werden. Diese als Strada dei forti bekannte Straße (heute via Europa) wurde um 1773 fertiggestellt. Auf seinem Weg nach Torbole während seiner Italienischen Reise im September 1786 nutzte Johann Wolfgang von Goethe allerdings noch den alten durch das Valle S. Lucia führenden Karrenweg. Goethe hielt sich nur einen Tag und eine Nacht in Torbole auf, das zu diesem Zeitpunkt immer noch einen ärmlichen Eindruck auf ihn hinterließ. Die Haustüren ohne Schlösser, die Fenster statt mit Glas mit Ölpapier bespannt und die Häuser ohne hygienische Einrichtungen, dem Naturzustande ziemlich nahekommend, wie Goethe an Anlehnung an Rosseau in seinem Tagebuch festhielt. Dennoch überwog das köstliche Schauspiel, den der See und die Natur bot, zumal er auch an seinem Werk Iphigiene gut vorankam.

 

Goethe sah damals zum ersten Mal während seiner Italienreise im Palazzo Giordani, in dem bereits 1765 Joseph II. abgestiegen war, einen Zitronengarten, der später im 19. Jahrhundert zu einer der Attraktion Torboles wurde und unter anderem von Johann von Sachsen aufgesucht wurde.

 

Ende des 18. Jahrhunderts war Torbole auf etwa 400 Einwohner angewachsen und insbesondere als Umschlagsplatz von Getreide aus der Po-Ebene bekannt. 1787 schlossen sich in hier die Gepäckträger zu einer unabhängigen gewerkschaftsähnlichen Vereinigung zusammen, einer der ersten im Trentino, um ihren Lohnforderungen besser Ausdruck zu verleihen. Es handelte sich dabei um Saisonarbeiter aus der näheren und weiteren Umgebung, die ihr Auskommen mit dem Ent- und Beladen der im Hafen von Torbole liegenden Boote und Schiffe hatten.

 

In der wechselreichen napoleonischen Epoche zogen 1796 französische Truppen durch Nago-Torbole, bevor es 1802 zum Königreich Bayern und anschließend von 1805 bis 1814 zum Königreich Italien fiel. Infolge des Wiener Kongresses wurde es 1815 dem Kaisertum Österreich einverleibt.

 

Das Risorgimento, das sich mit seinen nationalstaatlichen Ideen und der Frage der Autonomie von Tirol und als Steigerung sogar der Abtrennung von Österreich in den politischen und intellektuellen Kreisen des Trentino im 19. Jahrhundert bemerkbar machte, fand auch im kleinen Nago-Torbole seine Anhänger. Einer der führenden Köpfe in diesen Zirkeln war Antonio Gazzoletti aus Nago, der 1848 in dieser Frage bei König Karl Albert von Sardinien-Piemont und 1859 bei dessen Sohn Viktor Emanuel II. vorstellig wurde. Der Hafen von Torbole wurde dabei nach den Anschluss der Lombardei an das Königreich Sardinien-Piemont zur illegalen Einfuhr von Waffen genutzt. Infolgedessen wurden 1860 über 20 Personen, darunter Hafenarbeiter, Bootsbesitzer und Wirte aus Nago-Torbole verhaftet, so dass die Gemeinde sich veranlasst sah, für den Unterhalt ihrer Familien zu sorgen. 1864 kam es nach der Konspiration der Aktionspartei Giuseppe Mazzinis, die einen gewaltsamen Anschluss des Trentino und Venetiens mit Unterstützung lokaler Sympathisanten anstrebte, zu weiteren Verhaftungen. Im Zuge des sich zuspannenden Nationalitätenkonfliktes wurde auch der deutsche Ortsname Naag-Turbel als Abgrenzung zu italienisch-nationalistischen Kreisen stärker hervorgehoben.

 

Die zunehmenden Spannungen zum Nachbarn Italien veranlassten Österreich-Ungarn 1861 zum Bau der Sperre Nago, an der neuen Straße nach Torbole hinunter. Das veraltete Werk wurde später der Festung Riva eingegliedert, war aber nie von besonderer militärischer Bedeutung, auch nicht nach dem Verlust Venetiens 1866 infolge des Dritten italienischen Unabhängigkeitskrieges.

 

Mit dem Anschluss Venetiens an das Königreich Italien bildete sich die österreichisch verbliebenen Nordküste des Gardasees zur Riviera des Kaiserreichs heraus. Das malerische Torbole mit seinem kleinen Hafen übte seine Faszination insbesondere bei Künstlern und Schriftstellern wie Hans Lietzmann, Paul Franz Flickel, Paul Hey, Michael Zeno Diemer, Eduard Weichberger, Georg Macco, Hermann Drück, Heinrich Adam, Carl Wuttke, Josef Rolletschek, Ludwig Friedrich Hofelich und anderen aus. Schnell wurde es vom aufkommenden Fremdenverkehr als Fischerdorf vereinnahmt und dementsprechend beworben. 1875 wurde mit dem Bau einer Fischzucht sowohl eine zusätzliche Einkommensquelle geschaffen als auch dem steigenden Bedarf nach Fischen in den Gasthäusern Torboles Rechnung getragen.

 

Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts baute man die Verkehrswege weiter aus. 1884 wurde die Straße von Nago nach Arco eröffnet und mit der Eröffnung der Lokalbahn Mori–Arco–Riva und des Bahnhofes Nago-Torbole 1891 erhielt die Gemeinde Anschluss an das Eisenbahnnetz, wovon vor allem der Fremdenverkehr auch von Tagesausflüglern profitierte.

 

20. und 21. Jahrhundert

 

Vom immer stärker aufkommenden Fremdenverkehr, 1907 wurde das Grand Hotel Torbole eröffnet, das in den 1930er Jahren zur Colonia Pavese umgewandelt wurde, profitierte fast ausschließlich Torbole. Von 1900 bis 1910 stieg hier die Bevölkerungszahl fast doppelt so stark an wie in Nago. In Letzterem war die Wirtschaft um die Jahrhundertwende nach wie vor fast ausschließlich von der Land-, Alm- und Forstwirtschaft geprägt. Diese war meist auf Subsistenzwirtschaft ausgerichtet und durch eine starke Fragmentierung des Grundeigentums charakterisiert, so dass der Lebensunterhalt oft nicht gesichert war. Die Folgen waren Unterernährung und Mangelerkrankungen wie die Pellagra. Die Armut und Verwahrlosung in Nago fielen zunehmend auch den Reisenden in Richtung Gardasee auf. Kinder die an der Bahnstation in Nago bettelten waren ein alltägliches Bild. Erst in den 1910er Jahren versuchte man auch in Nago vermehrt mit den Fremden Geld zu verdienen. 1911 plante man den Bau einer Seilbahn von Torbole nach Nago, das Projekt kam aber nicht über die Planungsphase heraus, und 1913 errichtete man ein erstes größeres und moderneres Hotel in der Nähe des Bahnhofs in Nago.

 

Trotzdem profitierte der Ort auch weiterhin nur am Rand von der touristischen Entwicklung, entging aber nicht der nationalistischen Debatte. Angeheizt wurde diese durch die Veröffentlichung einer Schrift von Giulio de Frenzi, einem Pseudonym des Schriftstellers und späteren faschistischen Politikers Luigi Federzoni, mit dem vielsagenden Titel La italianità del Gardasee (dt. Die Italianität des Gardasees). Darin prangerte der Autor unter anderem das Verdrängen italienischer Eigentümer auf dem privaten und gewerblichen Immobilienmarkt zugunsten finanzstarker deutschsprachiger Besitzer auch am Nordufer des Sees an. Aufgrund dieser nationalen und sozialen Spannungen wurden die Einwohner von Nago und Torbole der verschiedensten sozialen Schichten, auch wenn das liberal bürgerliche Element überwog, in nationalistischen irredentistischen Organisationen tätig. Aufsehen erregte in diesem Zusammenhang die Ausweisung Scipio Sigheles wegen politischer nationalistischer Agitation durch die österreichisch-ungarischen Behörden im Sommer 1912. Gegen die Ausweisung, Sighele besaß in Nago ein Haus, protestierte nicht nur der Gemeinderat in Nago, sondern auch Teile der Bevölkerung mit Unterschriftenaktionen.

 

Erster Weltkrieg

 

Mit Ausbruch des Ersten Weltkrieges wurde die wehrfähige männliche Bevölkerung eingezogen. Wie die meisten aus dem Trentino Eingezogenen wurden die Soldaten aus Nago-Torbole an der Ostfront gegen Russland eingesetzt. Bis zum italienischen Kriegseintritt im Mai 1915 baute die k.u.k. Armee zahlreiche Feldstellungen rund um die beiden Orte aus. Ein vom österreichischen Generalstab unterhalb des Gipfels des Monte Altissimo di Nago geplantes Panzerwerk kam dagegen nicht über erste Aushubarbeiten hinaus. Am 22. Mai 1915 wurde beide Orte evakuiert und die Bevölkerung nach Böhmen und Mähren sowie ins Flüchtlingslager Mitterndorf gebracht, von wo sie erst zwischen 1918 und 1919 zurückkehrte.

 

Während des Krieges verlief die Front direkt durch das Gemeindegebiet von Nago-Torbole und bildete hier einen nach Süden vorgelagerten österreichisch-ungarischen Frontbogen. Insbesondere im ersten und letzten Kriegsjahr kam es an den nördlichen Ausläufern des Monte Altissimo di Nago immer wieder zu Gefechten. So im Dezember 1915, als die Italiener bei Malga Zures angriffen, und im Sommer 1918, als die k.u.k.-Truppen den von den Tschechoslowakischen Legionen gehaltenen benachbarten Doss Alto di Nago kurzzeitig erobern konnten. Torbole wurde dagegen zum Ziel der italienischen Marine, die mit MAS-Einheiten Sabotageaktionen unternahmen. Ein gewissen Bekanntheitsgrad erlangte der Frontabschnitt am Doss Casina durch die Präsenz einiger Futuristen, darunter Filippo Tommaso Marinetti, Anselmo Bucci, Antonio Sant’Elia, Mario Sironi, Achille Funi und Luigi Russolo, die sich als Freiwillige in der italienischen Armee gemeldet hatten. Durch Artilleriebeschuss und Plünderungen wurden sowohl Nago als auch Torbole schwer in Mitleidenschaft gezogen und nach dem Krieg in die schwarze Zone und die damit am schwersten vom Krieg zerstörte Zone eingestuft.

 

Zwischenkriegszeit

 

Mit dem Bau der Gardesana Orientale 1929, der Staatsstraße zwischen Nago und Torbole 1935 und dem 1939 angestochenen Etsch-Gardasee-Tunnel sollte sich das Landschaftsbild im Gemeindegebiet einschneidend verändern. In den 1920er Zeit akzentuierten sich auch die soziowirtschaftlichen Unterschiede der beiden Orte. War Nago nach wie vor von der Landwirtschaft geprägt, spielte der Dienstleistungsbereich und das Handwerk aufgrund des Fremdenverkehrs in Torbole dort die größere Rolle. Diese Unterschiede führten dazu, dass beide Orte Anstrengungen unternahmen eigenständige Gemeinden zu bilden, wie es bereits in der zweiten Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts der Fall gewesen war. Diesem Bestreben kam die faschistische Gemeindereform 1927, auf deren Grundlage über 2000 italienische Gemeinden mit weniger als 2000 Einwohnern eingemeindet wurden, zuvor und im Jahr 1929 wurde Nago-Torbole der Gemeinde Riva angeschlossen.

 

Der Wiederaufbau in der Nachkriegszeit und die anschließende Weltwirtschaftskrise und deren Folgen waren ausschlaggebend dafür, dass der Fremdenverkehr in Torbole bis zum Zweiten Weltkrieg nicht mehr die Wachstumsraten, wie unmittelbar vor dem Ersten Weltkrieg aufwies. Während des Faschismus waren es vor allem staatliche Einrichtungen und Organisationen, wie die 1935 eingerichtete Colonia Pavese zur Tuberkulosevorbeugung, die das Bild des Tourismus in Torbole bestimmten. Anfang 1939 wurde der Gardasee mit den KdF-Fahrten auch in die NS-Urlaubskultur aufgenommen.

 

Zweiter Weltkrieg

 

Spätestens mit dem italienischen Kriegseintritt am 10. Juni 1940 kam der Tourismus fast vollständig zum Erliegen. Immer stärker machten sich die repressiven Maßnahmen des faschistischen Regimes und die zunehmenden Lebensmittelrationierungen bemerkbar. Nach dem Sturz Mussolinis und dem Waffenstillstand mit den Alliierten im September 1943 wurde auch Nago-Torbole am 9. September von deutschen Truppen besetzt und der Operationszone Alpenvorland eingegliedert. Als Quartiere wurden von den Deutschen die Schulgebäude, aber auch Hotels und Privatunterkünfte requiriert, so wurde in der Casa Beust am Hafen ein Luftwaffenkommando untergebracht. Innerhalb von 24 Stunden musste auch die Colonia Pavese geräumt werden, in der über 250 Kinder untergebracht waren. Sie diente in der Folgezeit als Wehrmachtslazarett. Am 8. Juni 1944 wurden bei einer Aktion gegen die Resistenza zwischen Riva, Arco und Nago-Torbole 11 Widerstandskämpfer von Angehörigen des Trientiner Sicherungsverbandes, des Polizeiregiments Bozen und der SS erschossen. 1944 nahmen auch die Caproni-Werke im Etsch-Gardasee Tunnel bei Torbole ihren Betrieb auf. In dem unterirdischen Rüstungsbetrieb wurden Teile für die sogenannten Wunderwaffen wie die Me-262 und die V2 produziert. Im Rahmen der sogenannten Alpenfestung wurde zwischen 1944 und 1945 rund um Nago-Torbole von der Organisation Todt die Blaue Linie mit Ringständen und Bunkern errichtet.

 

Am Morgen des 29. April 1945 begann der Angriff der 10. US-Gebirgsdivision auf Nago-Torbole. In zwei Gruppen, eine über die Gardesana Orientale und eine über die Westflanke den Altissimo di Nago vorgehend, gelang es den Amerikanern den Widerstand der letzten deutschen Verbände des XIV. Panzerkorps zu brechen, die sich nach dem Zusammenbruch der deutschen Front am 21. April bei Bologna während der alliierten Frühjahrsoffensive nach Norden abgesetzt hatten. Am frühen Morgen des 30. April konnte Torbole und am späten Vormittag Nago nach 30 Stunden heftigster Kämpfe eingenommen werden. Bei dem Unternehmen wurden auch Amphibienfahrzeuge vom Typ DUKW eingesetzt, wobei ein DUKW vor der Sarcamündung verloren ging.

 

Nachkriegszeit, Wirtschaftswunder und Massentourismus

 

Unmittelbar nach der Befreiung entstanden in Nago und in Torbole jeweils sogenannte Nationale Befreiungskomitees, die sich in erster Linie um die Aufrechterhaltung der öffentlichen Ordnung, der Beseitigung von Kriegsschäden und der Räumung von Kriegsmaterial kümmerten. Zu den Aufgaben des CLN gehörte auch die Versorgung der heimkehrenden Militärinternierten. Das CLN in Torbole machte es sich zudem zur Aufgabe einen neuen Hafen für die Fischer in Torbole zu errichten, da der alte Hafen zu einem wesentlichen Teil dem Bau der Gardesana zum Opfer gefallen war. Mit den ersten Gemeindewahlen von Riva im März 1946 lösten sich die CLN praktisch auf. Noch waren Nago und Torbole Ortsteile von Riva, die Diskussion um eine Neugründung war aber bereits im Oktober 1945 vom CLN angefacht worden.

 

Ende der 1940er Jahre rückte die touristische Entwicklung wieder in den Vordergrund des öffentlichen Interesses. In diesem Zusammenhang sah man in beiden Orten die administrative Eigenständigkeit für die zukünftige Entwicklung als entscheidend an. Einen ersten Schritt in dieser Richtung unternahmen die Hoteliers in Torbole, die 1952 einen von Riva unabhängigen Fremdenverkehrsverein gründeten. Angeheizt wurde die Debatte auch durch einen neuen Flächennutzungsplan, der als Ausverkauf von Nago-Torbole betrachtet wurde. Im Winter 1955/56 wurden schließlich die für ein einzuberufendes Referendum nötigen Unterschriften gesammelt, das am 15. Juli 1956 abgehalten wurde. Über 70 % der Wähler stimmten für eine Neugründung der Gemeinde Nago-Torbole, die 1958 ihren Abschluss fand.

 

Bis in die 1950er Jahre hatte sich an der sozioökonomischen Lage wenig geändert. Eine immer noch auf Eigenverbrauch ausgerichtete Landwirtschaft bestimmte das Leben der meisten Bewohner. Lediglich Wein- und Tabakanbau wurden im Sinne einer landwirtschaftlichen Produktion betrieben. Auch der Fischfang war für den Eigenverbrauch oder für den örtlichen Markt bestimmt. Die Emigration als Gastarbeiter in die Schweiz, nach Deutschland oder in die belgischen Bergbaugebiete waren nur die logische Konsequenz. Mit dem Aufkommen des Wirtschaftswunders begannen die Nächtigungszahlen langsam aber stetig anzusteigen. 1956 zählte man bereits über 120.000 Übernachtungen im Gemeindegebiet. Es gab bereits 20 Hotels, 17 davon in Torbole, 16 Pensionen, 27 Zimmervermieter und einen Campingplatz. Zahlreiche Gaststätten und Geschäfte entstanden. Gleichzeitig traten aber auch infrastrukturelle Probleme auf. So mangelte es im Sommer an Trinkwasser und Wasser musste rationiert werden. Um Abhilfe zu schaffen, wurde in Torbole Wasser ungereinigt aus dem See gepumpt, mit den entsprechenden hygienischen Problemen. Eine neue Wasserleitung wurde erst 1957 fertiggestellt. Ähnliche Probleme ergaben sich mit der Abwasserentsorgung.

 

Mit der Gründung des Segelclubs 1964 wurde Torbole auch in Wassersportkreisen bekannt. Zum Bekanntheitsgrad trug 1978 auch die Gründung des Surfclubs Torbole mit bei. In der Folgezeit war der Ort immer wieder Ausrichtungsort von nationalen und internationalen Segel- und Surfveranstaltungen. Mit der Fertigstellung der Autostrada A22 1974 war Nago-Torbole endgültig für den Massentourismus erschlossen worden. Im Jahr 2015 hatten sich die Nächtigungszahlen mit fast 760.000 Übernachtungen, davon 88 % Ausländer, seit 1956 mehr als versechsfacht.

 

Tourismus

 

Wie auch das umliegende Gebiet ist Torbole ein beliebtes Tourismus-Ziel. Vor allem bei Windsurfern ist der Ort aufgrund der konstanten Winde sehr beliebt. Darüber hinaus bieten die umgebenden Gardaseeberge unzählige Möglichkeiten für Mountainbiketouren sowie Wander- und Kletterrouten.

 

Verkehr

 

Durch das Gemeindegebiet führen die drei Staatsstraßen SS 240 „di Loppio e Val di Ledro“, SS 240 dir sowie die SS 249 „Gardesana Orientale“. In der Hochsaison, insbesondere an und vor Feiertagen sowie an Wochenenden leidet die Gemeinde am hohen Verkehrsaufkommen. Eine Ortsumgehung von Nago ist seit 2018 in Bau. Eine Umgehungsstraße für Torbole ist seit den 1980er Jahren im Gespräch.

 

Durch Nago-Torbole führt auch der Radweg, der bei Mori im Etschtal vom Etsch-Radweg Richtung Gardasee abzweigt. Der Ort verfügt über drei Häfen: der alte Fischerhafen, etwa 400 m westlich davon der kleine Hafen Porticciolo und etwa 700 m südlich bei dem Ausgang des Etsch-Gardasee-Tunnel der Yachthafen Porto Conca d’oro. Etwa 200 m südlich des Fischerhafens besitzt Torbole zudem eine Anlegestelle der Navigarda, die die Linienschifffahrt auf dem Gardasee betreibt. Außerdem halten in der Gemeinde Linienbusse aus der Provinz Trient und aus der Provinz Verona sowie Busse des Öffentlichen Personennahverkehrs.

 

Sehenswürdigkeiten

 

Castel Penede, erstmals im 13. Jahrhundert erwähnte Burg, zu einer Ruine verfallen.

 

Unterhalb der Ruine befinden sich die Reste eines frühgeschichtlichen Siedlungsplatzes.

 

Straßensperre Nago, Bauwerk aus k.u.k. Zeiten zur Kontrolle der wichtigen Straßenverbindung zwischen Gardasee und Etschtal über den Passo San Giovanni.

 

Pfarrkirche Sant’Andrea in Torbole, im 12. Jahrhundert erstmals erwähnt und im 18. Jahrhundert neu errichtet.

 

Kirche Santa Maria al Lago in Torbole, in den 1930er Jahren am Ufer des Sees erbaute Kirche.

 

Pfarrkirche San Vigilio in Nago, im 12. Jahrhundert erstmals erwähnt.

 

Kirche San Zeno in Nago, im 12. Jahrhundert auf einem bereits in der Frühgeschichte begangenen Hügel errichtet. Daneben lag das 1213 erstmals erwähnte Castello di San Zenone, von dem nur einige Mauerreste erhalten sind.

 

Rochuskirche in Nago, aus dem 16. Jahrhundert.

 

Trinitätskirche in Nago, Spätbarockkirche aus dem 17. Jahrhundert.

 

Zollhäuschen – Auf einer Mole im Hafenbecken steht ein kleines Zollhaus aus der Zeit der k.u.k.-Monarchie, da bei Tempesta bis zum Ersten Weltkrieg die Grenze zwischen dem Kaiserreich Österreich-Ungarn und dem Königreich Italien verlief. Die Ursprünge des Häuschens liegen vermutlich noch weiter zurück, da ein Relief an der Außenmauer an die venezianische Zeit erinnert. In den Sommermonaten wird das Zollhaus zum Teil als Bar genutzt. Es befindet sich im Privatbesitz.

 

Tunnelausgang des Etsch-Gardasee-Tunnels, Wasserbauwerk zur Hochwasserregulierung der Etsch nach 20 Jahren Bauzeit 1959 fertiggestellt.

 

Gedenktafel in Torbole, die an den Aufenthalt Johann Wolfgang von Goethes in Torbole während seiner Italienischen Reise im September 1786 erinnert.

 

Großes Wandgemälde an der Fassade der „Casa Beust“, Alterssitz von Friedrich Constantin von Beust, in Torbole am Gardasee: Der heilige Antonio spricht mit den Fischen von Hans Lietzmann.

 

Parco naturale locale del Monte Baldo, Naturpark, der sich rund um den Monte Altissimo di Nago ausdehnt.

 

Valle di Santa Lucia mit einem alten grob gepflasterten Weg durch Olivenhaine. Einst einzige Verbindung zwischen Nago und Torbole. Durch dieses Tal wurde 1439 die venezianische Flotte im Unternehmen Galeas per montes vom Etschtal nach Torbole herabgelassen.

 

(Wikipedia)

Relates to posting nearby in my stream called "Invention".

In case you don't know how to recognize this edible "weed", here's a closeup of a healthy patch. These are vigorous in my spring kitchen garden, because I've been growing them for some years and they re-seed. I gather the sprouts into one area and grow them for summer dining. As this useful reference tells us, they are beneficial in ways other than just our diet. A very ancient and fascinating plant. France has a tradition of using it for culinary purposes. Recently, a few adventuresome seed companies are starting to offer "improved" strains for sale. . . I just found such notices online.

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portulaca_oleracea

 

From Michael Pollan's IN DEFENSE OF FOOD, p 127:

"Wild greens like purslane have substantially higher levels of omage-3s than most domesticated plants."

Part 2- Extracts relating to mines of coal, stratified ironstone, shale and fireclay.

 

Published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London.

First published 1958, third edition 1980

The following information, specifically relating to the big old buiding in the background comes from flickr member "ACTON WELLS JUNCTION":- www.flickr.com/photos/actonwellsjunction/ ."I recall it was a dairy? It survived until the 1980's. The train is running on the Down Fast LIne". Down Fast being the fast track away from London.

Binder's waste. Title for a ledger/accounting book? relating to the financial transactions [bilanzo de creditori] of the Italian town of Campione throughout the year ....[Per tutto l'anno ...]

 

Penn Libraries call number: LatC H7802.3 1546

 

All images from this book

Do any of these tools belong to you?

 

This item relates to thefts from motor vehicles in the first weeks of March 2015.

 

We have uploaded more than 200 photos of the recovered property and want you to view it and let us know if it is yours.

 

The property was recovered over the bank holiday weekend from locations across Leicester. It is believed to have been stolen from vans across the city and county since January 2015.

 

If you have had your van broken into please take a look at the pictures and get in touch with us using the link below if you believe any of the items are yours. A member of our team will then contact you

 

www.leics.police.uk/contact/recovered-tools

Kinetic: Relating to, caused by, or producing motion.

 

These are called “Kinetic” photographs because there is motion, energy, and movement involved, specifically my and the camera’s movements.

 

I choose a light source and/or subject, set my camera for a long exposure (typically around 4 seconds), focus on my subject and push the shutter button. When the shutter opens I move the camera around with my hands...large, sweeping, dramatic movements. And then I will literally throw the camera several feet up into the air, most times imparting a spinning or whirling motion to it as I hurl it upward. I may throw the camera several times and also utilize hand-held motion several times in one photo. None of these are Photoshopped, layered, or a composite photo...what you see occurs in one shot, one take.

 

Aren’t I afraid that I will drop and break my camera? For regular followers of my photostream and this series you will know that I have already done so. This little camera has been dropped many times, and broken once when dropped on concrete outside. It still functions...not so well for regular photographs, but superbly for more kinetic work.

 

To read more about Kinetic Photography click the Wikipedia link below:

 

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinetic_photography

 

And to see more of my Kinetic Photographs please visit my set, “Flux Velocity:”

 

www.flickr.com/photos/motorpsiclist/sets/72157622224677487/

 

.

 

Albeit supremely risky this is one of my favorite ways to produce abstract photographs.

 

.

 

My photographs and videos and any derivative works are my private property and are copyright © by me, John Russell (aka “Zoom Lens”) and ALL my rights, including my exclusive rights, are reserved. ANY use without my permission in writing is forbidden by law.

 

Dundalk overwhelm Bangor in All Ireland Final

by Roger Corbett

Bangor’s amazing run in the All Ireland Junior Cup came to an abrupt end when they were comprehensively beaten by Dundalk, eventually losing by 55-5.

Where do you start when trying to relate and absorb the events of Saturday’s final at Chambers Park? Firstly, congratulations to worthy winners Dundalk who nullified the Bangor attack, then went on to produce some stunning plays which racked up no less than 8 tries, each by a different player. For Bangor’s part, they were unable to respond to the intensity of Dundalk’s game, and lacked the cutting edge which their opponents used to great effect.

The day started full of promise, as the strong support from North Down made their way to Chambers Park in Portadown, knowing Bangor would be fielding their best team. Once again, the pundits had Bangor as the underdogs – just as they had done so in the previous three rounds! In confounding the experts earlier, Bangor produced some awesome performances against top quality opposition to get to the final. Dundalk had produced some convincing wins in the early rounds of the competition, but had struggled to get past CIYMS in the semi-final, just managing to squeeze ahead at the second time of asking. However, with a number of key players returning to the side in time for this game, they were now back at full strength and would be a formidable force to contend with.

Having won the toss, captain Jamie Clegg elected to play into the stiff wind in the first half. For the first 5 minutes, Bangor doggedly retained possession and tried to play their way into Dundalk’s half through a series of determined forward moves. However, little ground was made and, when possession was finally lost, the Dundalk back line produced a burst that simply cut through the Bangor defence resulting in an easy touch down under Bangor’s posts for a 7-0 lead.

Bangor stuck to their plan and slowly, but patiently, got their attack moving forward, eventually winning a penalty to the left of Dundalk’s posts, but Mark Widdowson’s kick into the wind drifted just wide of the mark.

The contrast in play between the two teams was becoming clear, with Bangor trying to keep the ball close while Dundalk were throwing it wide. The latter strategy was proving to be the more effective as, with 20 minutes gone, a quick back line move with players looping around resulted in an overlap on the right wing which gave a clear run in to again, score under the posts. A further 9 minutes later, they did it again and, although the Bangor defence had sensed the danger and moved across to cover it, their tackling let them down allowing Dundalk to get over in the right hand corner, taking their lead to 19-0.

By now, Bangor were trying to hang on until half time when they could regroup and come out with the wind at their backs. Dundalk, on the other hand were anxious to press home their advantage and give them a more comfortable lead. To Bangor’s credit, although camped on their own line for lengthy spells, they dug in and managed to hold on until the referee’s half time whistle.

As the teams reappeared from the dressing rooms, it was obvious Bangor were ringing the changes, particularly in the backs. With the wind advantage having lessened considerably, Bangor got the second half underway. It was now Dundalk’s turn to adopt the slow, steady approach, just as Bangor had done earlier. However, their more confident off-loading and support play was, once again, taking play deep into Bangor’s territory. Frustration at not being able to gain possession and take play out of their danger area eventually resulted in a yellow card for Clegg after a succession of penalties. Dundalk kicked the penalty to touch, won their lineout and drove for the line. Although initially held up by the Bangor defence, Dundalk’s repeated drives were eventually rewarded with another converted score, extending their lead to 26-0.

From the touchline, the Bangor faithful had felt that if their players had managed to score first in the second half, they may have been able to mount a fight-back and close the gap to their opponents. As it was, this Dundalk score simply bolstered their confidence and pushed Bangor deeper into trouble. With Bangor still a man down, Dundalk added to the score with a penalty and then another score in the corner. Everything was now working for the Leinster men, as even the difficult touchline conversion into the biting wind successfully split the posts, bringing the score to 36-0.

As the game entered the final quarter, and with Dundalk all but holding the cup, Bangor were now on the ropes. By contrast, the Dundalk players were in almost total control, and were not going to slow down now. In a 10 minute spell, they ran in a further 3 tries, making the scoreline 55-0. By now, any sense of dejection the Bangor supporters may have been feeling was now moved to feelings of sympathy for their players. However, pride was at stake and once again Bangor rallied as the game entered its final minutes. At last, the forwards got within striking distance of the Dundalk line and, although their repeated attacks were repelled, they finally managed to do what their opponents had done so effectively, and quickly passed the ball wide to Davy Charles. Even though they were 55 points ahead, the Dundalk defence made Charles work hard to drive through the tackles and score Bangor’s consolation try, bringing the final score to 55-5.

From Bangor’s point of view, the final score doesn’t tell the whole story of this competition. While the final may have resulted in a sad anti-climax for Bangor, the remarkable journey to get there will be remembered for some time. On the day, Dundalk were by far the better side, and Bangor would have to concede that their game was not up to the usual standard. However, there is no doubt the experience of competing at this level is something to relish and the goal now will be to secure a top four place in the league and try again next year.

Everybody at the club has nothing but the highest respect and praise for what has been achieved this year by not just the 1sts, but all the senior teams, and one poor result isn’t going to change that – the welcome at Upritchard Park for the returning players is testament to that. With that in mind, the players now need to put this disappointment behind them and provide the best possible response against a struggling Portadown side at home in the league next Saturday.

Bangor side: J Leary, A Jackson, P Whyte, F Black, G Irvine, R Latimer, J Clegg, C Stewart, R Armstrong, K Rosson, D Charles, M Aspley, M Weir, M Widdowson, C Morgan

Subs: S Irvine, O McIlmurray, D Kelly, M Rodgers, C Harper, D Fusco, M Thompson

Bangor scores: D Charles (1T)

Dundalk Storm To Title Dundalk 55 v Bangor 5 from KnockOn.ie

Dundalk Scorers: Christopher Scully, Owen McNally, Jonathan Williams, John Smyth, Ultan Murphy, Tiernan Gonnelly, James McConnon and Stephen Murphy 1 try each. Ultan Murphy 6 cons, 1 pen.

Bangor Scorers: David Charles 1 try.

In front of a big crowd at Chambers Park on Saturday afternoon Dundalk delivered a stunning and ruthless display to see off the challenge of Bangor and capture the All Ireland Junior Cup title for the very first time.

Three first half tries had them firmly in control at 19-0 ahead having played with the elements at the Portadown venue during the first half and while the wind dropped somewhat after half time the Dundalk intensity most certainly didn’t as they cut loose scoring five more tries.

Dundalk returned to a heroes welcome at their Mill Road clubhouse on Saturday night after a display of pure brilliance throughout the afternoon.

Precision, pace and skill from the Louth men from start to finish left Bangor playing second fiddle for long periods.

Erected to the Memory of John Brown, Collier, who was closed in at Kilgarmmie Coal Pit, by a portion of it having fallen in on October 8th, 1835, and was taken out alive and in full possession of his mental faculties, but in a very exhausted state, on October 31st 1835. Having been twenty-three days in utter seclusion from the world, and without a particle of food. He lived three days after, having quietly expired on the evening of November 3rd 1835, aged 66 years.

 

The headstone in the Dailly Church Graveyard, the above inscription which is now barely readable, relates the ordeal of John Brown, an unmarried, 66-year-old collier, who survived after having been buried underground for 23 days in Kilgrammie Coal Pit which was in the former Brunston Coal Field on Bargany Estate and then on lease to Joseph Whitfield.

 

On 8th October 1835 at about 5 am a large portion of the pit collapsed, and the main shaft was badly damaged, and over the next two days, a series of falls made it dangerous to enter the workings. When the roof collapsed Brown was the only miner who was not able to escape and on learning that he was trapped, Mr Whitfield the lessee of the pit and four of his colliers attempted to reach Brown by way of a Day Level and in their attempt two of the colliers were almost caught in a further roof fall and the search was abandoned for two days.

 

On their return, it was discovered that all the underground roads were completely blocked, and a path had to be cleared through a solid wall of debris and only one man at a time could work at the face. The search for Brown continued by day and night for two weeks with the added danger of gas seeping into where the men were working and as Mr Whitfield and several others believed Brown must by now be dead the official search was called off.

 

The miners were then set to work repairing the damaged main shaft which had closed when the workings collapsed but several others continued in their own time to try and reach Brown and Mr Whitfield encouraged them by offering a reward if and when Brown was found.

 

On 30th October between one and two o’clock in the morning a William Ross and his son broke through into a small opening but due to exhaustion and bad air they had to retire. John Scobie and William Sime then attempted to enter the opening, but they too were driven back by gas. At about 5 am they again returned and found that the air was still bad and with the aid of flat boards they moved forward wafting the boards in front of them to disperse the gas.

 

Once into the opening Brown was found to be alive but very weak, his rescuers laid him on one of the boards that had been used to disperse the gas and they pushed and pulled him through the low narrow passage that had been cleared over the past three weeks and after about three hours they reached a more stable part of the workings.

 

By this time Mr Whitfield had arrived and it was decided not to remove Brown by the Day Level, which was very unstable, but by another route to an airshaft 250 yards from the main shaft where a hand windlass was set up. Mr Whitfield sat in a loop of the rope sling of the windlass with Brown laid across his knees and they were wound up to the surface.

 

On arrival at the surface, Brown was examined by a doctor and by 9 am he was safely in bed at his lodgings at Kilgrammie row and this was where he died three days later on the evening of 3rd November. After his death, a post mortem was carried out by two surgeons and two doctors who found that no improper treatment after his rescue contributed to Brown’s death.

 

On 23rd February 1964, Associated Television transmitted a film entitled 'The Devil and John Brown' which portrayed John Brown’s ordeals during the time he was trapped underground and in March the following year the film was selected as the best television play of 1964.

 

Thea Musgrave who composed the background music for 'The Devil and John Brown' was so impressed by the incident that she composed an opera about it. The libretto was written by Maurice Lindsay and the opera entitled 'The Decision' received its first two performances in Sadlers Wells Theatre in November 1967.

 

3 November 1835

Extraordinary Case of Accidental Entombment - On the morning of Thursday the 8th ultimo, part of the roof of the coal works belonging to the Duke de Coigny, at Kilgrammie, near the village of Dailly, set down and before the men could get clear of the workings John Brown, a native of Mid Lothian, about sixty years of age, was intercepted in his egress, and consequently confined in this subterraneous abode until Saturday last the 31st, at four in the morning, when he was restored again to light and liberty, being thus twenty-three days without one morsel of food! When entombed, he had with him a small portion of tobacco, sufficient for one day's consumption, and two small flasks of lamp oil, some of the latter he attempted to swallow, but he was unable to do so and the only substance he took besides the tobacco, during the whole period of his confinement was a strong chalybeate water within the range of his prison, and which he declared was “very bad indeed." His mind remained quite composed and continues very distinct - he never despaired of ultimately escaping, and his greatest anxiety, he says was for the fate of Thomas Watson, the person with whom he had for more than two years resided, whom he supposed had perished when the accident occurred, leaving a wife and helpless family. He calculated time by the noise made by the men at their stated periods of work:- for the first and second week he moved about in his gloomy cell, an area of thirty yards, seeking every avenue of escape, but latterly he became so weak as to be unable to reach his only, but disagreeable beverage - the water. The feeling of hunger left him about the second day; which may be attributed, in some measure, to the astringent quality of the water. When found he was extended on the ground, and lying on his breast, nearly extinct, his extremities cold; his voice reduced almost to a whisper, or childish treble, and his emaciation so great as to make him a complete personification of the Anatomie Vivante. His dark unshaven beard, sunken features; and glistening ere have given him an unearthly appearance. Generally, great danger arises from imprudently giving food too freely to persons who have suffered from abstinence but in Brown's case his brother labourers cautiously first lubricated his parched mouth with butter, then gave him milk, arrowroot, and sherry in small spoonfuls at regular intervals - milk being the first thing he asked for when he was discovered. His pulse is regular and strong, and his tongue clean and moist; indeed, there is every hope of his ultimate restoration to health; should he receive sufficient nourishment in the same cautions way. When Dr Hill, the minister of the parish, visited him; he put out his hand to the reverend Doctor and asked him to return thanks to God for his deliverance. He feels much pleased at the interest his case has excited in the country; and he bestows a ghastly smile of satisfaction on the numerous gazers, which the circumstance has drawn from considerable distances to the humble cottage where he now lies. On a former occasion, he was entombed in a coal pit for three days and three nights, and we have also been informed that he once suffered shipwreck. A subscription has been opened on Brown's behalf. - Ayr Observer. [Scotsman 7 November 1835]

 

In the last page will be found an account of a man's having been entombed in a coal pit in Ayrshire for a period of 23 days and taken out alive. The Ayr Advertiser of Thursday contains the following:- We regret much to state that the thread of an existence thus wonderfully preserved, amid circumstances of honour and privation almost incredible, has at last broken. Hopes had been entertained that by careful and judicious treatment, his strength might be gradually secured, but his frame had been so completely wasted by want, as to be unable to rally its feeble powers, and he sunk into death without any appearance of pain, between the hours of 10 and 11 o'clock of the night of Tuesday the 3d inst. [Scotsman 7 November 1835]

   

one of our colleagues passed away suddenly and unexpectedly last spring just days before she was due to retire. she was a beloved first grade teacher who taught children not only the basics of reading but the love of it as well. the library at our school was dedicated to her this spring. i'll put a closer view of the plaque in the first comment box.

ANSH scavenger20 "something that relates to a memorial"

un auditorio participativo

立法會鐵路事宜小組委員會視察廣深港高速鐵路香港段西九龍總站的建築工地

立法会铁路事宜小组委员会视察广深港高速铁路香港段西九龙总站的建筑工地

LegCo Subcommittee on Matters Relating to Railways visits the construction site of the West Kowloon Terminus of the Hong Kong Section of Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hong Kong Express Rail Link (2014.04.28)

Just wanted to relate this landscape of Cox's Bazar with life and philosophy. A boat was in the middle of the sea, alone. Just like our life. We are literally alone in our big life.

Obstetrics and Gynecology

This is part of a 52-week project relating my experiences during my medical internship during the last year of medical school.

Cotton Mather, son of Increase Mather, was also a Puritan minister at Boston. In 1688 he took into his house a child believed to be a victim of witchcraft in order to study her case. The results of his observation he published in his Memorable providences relating to witchcraft, of which the first edition was printed in Boston in 1689.

 

Mather, Cotton, 1663-1728. Memorable provinces relating to witchcrafts and possessions ... The second impression. London, for Tho. Parkhurst, 1691; octavo (Sp Coll Ferguson Af-g.10)

 

Governor Abercrombie signed the following bills:

 

House Bill 2052 (Relating to Provider Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment) increases access to Provider Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment (POLST) by updating references from “physicians orders for life-sustaining treatment” to “provider orders for life-sustaining treatment.” The measure also expands health care provider signatory authority to include advance practice registered nurses and corrects inconsistencies of terms describing who may sign a POLST form on behalf of a patient.

 

House Bill 1616 (Relating to Health Planning) adds to the Hawaii State Planning Act’s objectives and policies for health, the identification of social determinants of health and prioritization of programs, services, interventions, and activities that address identified social determinants of health to improve Native Hawaiian health in accordance with federal law and reduce health disparities of disproportionately affected demographics.

 

House Bill 1723 (Relating to Psychiatric Facilities) amends the notice requirements for the discharge of an involuntary patient committed pursuant to legal proceeding involving fitness to proceed and requires the family court to conduct a timely hearing prior to the termination of a standing commitment order.

 

House Bill 2320 (Relating to Health) establishes health equity as a goal for the DOH and requires the DOH to consider social determinants of health in assessing health needs in the state. The measure is known as “Loretta’s Law” for the late DOH Director Loretta Fuddy, who was passionate proponent.

 

House Bill 2581 (Relating to Insurance) establishes the State Innovation Waiver Task Force and requires the task force to submit two interim reports and a final report to the legislature.

 

Senate Bill 2469 (Relating to Telehealth) requires equivalent reimbursement for services, including behavioral health services, provided through telehealth as for the same services provided via face-to-face contact between a health care provider and a patient. The measure also clarifies that health care providers for purposes of telehealth include primary care providers, mental health providers, oral health providers, physicians and osteopathic physicians, advanced practice registered nurses, psychologists, and dentists. For consistency purposes, the bill changes statutory references of “telemedicine” to “telehealth.”

 

House Bill 2400 (Relating to Temporary Disability Benefits) provides temporary disability benefits to employees who suffer disabilities as a result of donating organs.

 

Senate Bill 1233 (Relating to Leaves of Absence) requires certain private employers to allow employees to take leaves of absence for organ, bone marrow, or peripheral blood stem cell donation. Unused sick leave, vacation, or paid time off, or unpaid time off, may be used for these leaves of absence. The measure also requires employers to restore an employee returning from leave to the same or equivalent position and establishes a private right of action for employees seeking enforcement of provisions.

The Governor signed the following bills today:

 

SB535 (Relating to Labor) makes Hawaii the second state – after New York – to place basic labor protections for domestic workers into law. It also establishes basic rights and protections for domestic workers, entitles workers to overtime pay and time for meal and rest breaks, and provides basic civil rights protections against abuse and harassment.

 

HB1187 (Relating to Human Trafficking) designates January as Human Trafficking Awareness Month and adds minor victims of sex and labor trafficking to the scope of the Child Protective Act and other state child abuse laws.

 

HB1068 (Relating to Human Trafficking) requires certain employers to display a poster that provides information relating to human trafficking and contact information for the National Human Trafficking Resource Center Hotline.

 

SB192 (Relating to Prostitution) makes solicitation of a minor a crime and increases the statute of limitations to bring a cause of action for coercion into prostitution from 2 to 6 years. It also clarifies the minimum and maximum fine for a person convicted of committing the offense of prostitution; adds the offenses of solicitation of a minor for prostitution, habitual solicitation of prostitution, and solicitation of prostitution near schools and public parks under the state’s forfeiture laws; amends the definition of “sexual offense” under the sexual offender registry laws to include acts that consist of the solicitation of a minor who is less than 18 years of age for prostitution; and requires registration with the sexual offender registry for conviction of solicitation of a minor for prostitution as a Tier 1 offense.

 

HB587 (Relating to the Penal Code) amends the penal code to include that it shall be unlawful to physically abuse persons in a “dating relationship.” It also requires a police officer to separate a perpetrator and family or household member who has been physically abused for 48 hours.

 

SB655 (Relating to Health) allows health professionals to treat partners of patients diagnosed as having certain sexually transmitted diseases by dispensing or prescribing medication to the partners without examining them. The measure also ensures that expedited partner therapy is in accordance with Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines and recommendations, and it provides limited liability protection.

 

SB532 (Relating to Breastfeeding in the Workplace) requires certain employers to provide reasonable time and private location for breastfeeding employees to express breast milk. The measure also requires covered employers to post a notice, and it establishes a civil fine for each violation.

 

SB1340 (Relating to Foster Care) extends voluntary foster care to age 21.

 

SB529 (Relating to Parental Rights) requires family courts to deny custody or visitation, and allows courts to terminate parental rights, to a person convicted of a sexual assault with respect to the child conceived through that assault.

Parochial returns were requested intermittently by the Bishop from priests assigned to parishes. This 1858 return relates to the parish of Tinryland-Bennekerry and was completed by Fr Joseph Murray, parish priest.

 

1.What is the extent of the Parish or Union?

About 10 miles by 5 do

 

2.What is the account population of the population? State the number of Males and Females, And – if convenient – the number under 12 years

Under three thousand

I suppose the number of both sexes to be nearly equal. Cannot state exactly the number under 12 years, but believe it to be about one third of the entire population

 

3.What is the number of schools in the parish? What books are used in them?

Two in connection with the Board of N. Education, and four private schools

The books used (generally) in all schools are those published by the Board, and used in the N. Schools

 

4.What is the age and character of teachers?

The teachers ages range from 40 to twenty years. Characters of all good.

 

5.What is the average number of the Children who attended these Schools for the last year?

About 300

 

6.What proportion of these Children read and write?

about 2 thirds

 

7.Do any Children in the Parish attend Schools which have not your approval for their Education?

At present I know of but one such child

 

8.If so, how many Children and for what reason or pretext?

The pretext of the parents of the one child is poverty, and a hope, rather than a certainty of having their child fed & clothed

 

9.What Religious Confraternities or Sodalities are now existing in the Parish?

There is the Confraternity of the Scapular – of the Christian Doctrine, & of the Sacred Heart

 

10.What is the number of members in each of said Sodalities?

They are generally the same persons that are connected with the different sodalities, and number about 250

 

11.What is the average number of Children – distinguishing Male and Female – who attended at the Catechism Schools in each Church and Chapel in the Parish on Sundays and Holidays for the last year?

about 60 males & 60 females in one Church and about 60 males & 40 females in the other

 

12.What number of books was given out by the Religious Book Society or Parochial Librarian within the last year?

We have but very few books in our parochial libraries, and they are seldom called for, being in a bad state

 

13.What is the number of Pious Reading Schools in each Church and Chapel in the Parish on Sunday and Holidays?

Two in each of the Parochial Chapels

 

14.What is the number of Children who made their First Communion within this year?

About 80

 

Joseph Murray P.P. of Tinryland & Benekerry

 

Note: The spelling and punctuation used in this transcription replicate the original document.

Document code: KL/P/TD/4

Our images are copyright. Please contact us if you wish to reproduce any image: delanyarchive@carlowcollege.ie

 

March, 2016. Relating to the "exciting" and "dramatic" things that are on tv's and cellphones that draw our attention away from things that are truly important: people, places, sights, light, creation, and creator. Distractions will always be there. It is our decision to make them more or less a priority.

 

(Part of a series of drawings that I did on the app Snapchat on my iPhone. I understand that this is not my usual form of art, but I think that it is something to show, and I do love to do it. It is a form of "quick" digital painting for me, and I like the simplicity of it all.)

Springfield's old Union Station is today a visitor's center for the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum. Completed in 1896, Union Station was an active passenger station until 1971. The original clock tower was removed in 1946, but was rebuilt as part of a $12.5M restoration project completed in 2007.

 

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Interested in viewing more photosgraphs relating to the life and times of Abraham Lincoln, along with the memorials dedicated in honor of the 16th President of the United States? Check out the set titled:

All About Abe

 

Would you like to see more of Central Illinois? Here are my collections and sets relating to the middle section of the Land of Lincoln:

Central Illinois (excluding Springfield)

Springfield and ONLY Springfield

All Things Political

 

And for locations beyond Central Illinois, look here:

Beyond Cenral Illinois

 

Lastly, here are a few more "topical" sets that may be of interest to you:

Things that are Abandoned, Neglected, Weathered, or Rusty

Small Town Churches

Barbers & Barber Shops

Vintage Cars & Trucks - Junkers to Classic Collectibles

 

Thank you for visiting my photostream - myoldpostcards

The Governor signed the following bills today:

 

SB535 (Relating to Labor) makes Hawaii the second state – after New York – to place basic labor protections for domestic workers into law. It also establishes basic rights and protections for domestic workers, entitles workers to overtime pay and time for meal and rest breaks, and provides basic civil rights protections against abuse and harassment.

 

HB1187 (Relating to Human Trafficking) designates January as Human Trafficking Awareness Month and adds minor victims of sex and labor trafficking to the scope of the Child Protective Act and other state child abuse laws.

 

HB1068 (Relating to Human Trafficking) requires certain employers to display a poster that provides information relating to human trafficking and contact information for the National Human Trafficking Resource Center Hotline.

 

SB192 (Relating to Prostitution) makes solicitation of a minor a crime and increases the statute of limitations to bring a cause of action for coercion into prostitution from 2 to 6 years. It also clarifies the minimum and maximum fine for a person convicted of committing the offense of prostitution; adds the offenses of solicitation of a minor for prostitution, habitual solicitation of prostitution, and solicitation of prostitution near schools and public parks under the state’s forfeiture laws; amends the definition of “sexual offense” under the sexual offender registry laws to include acts that consist of the solicitation of a minor who is less than 18 years of age for prostitution; and requires registration with the sexual offender registry for conviction of solicitation of a minor for prostitution as a Tier 1 offense.

 

HB587 (Relating to the Penal Code) amends the penal code to include that it shall be unlawful to physically abuse persons in a “dating relationship.” It also requires a police officer to separate a perpetrator and family or household member who has been physically abused for 48 hours.

 

SB655 (Relating to Health) allows health professionals to treat partners of patients diagnosed as having certain sexually transmitted diseases by dispensing or prescribing medication to the partners without examining them. The measure also ensures that expedited partner therapy is in accordance with Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines and recommendations, and it provides limited liability protection.

 

SB532 (Relating to Breastfeeding in the Workplace) requires certain employers to provide reasonable time and private location for breastfeeding employees to express breast milk. The measure also requires covered employers to post a notice, and it establishes a civil fine for each violation.

 

SB1340 (Relating to Foster Care) extends voluntary foster care to age 21.

 

SB529 (Relating to Parental Rights) requires family courts to deny custody or visitation, and allows courts to terminate parental rights, to a person convicted of a sexual assault with respect to the child conceived through that assault.

"relating to the motion of material bodies and the forces and energy associated therewith"

 

A creative outing with my photo club - Inland Empire Photo Club - where we played with light and motion and long exposures to create kinetic art. It was a wonderful, creative evening.

Parochial returns were requested intermittently by the Bishop from priests assigned to parishes. This 1859 return relates to the parish of Leighlinbridge and was completed by Fr Daniel Nolan, parish priest.

 

1.What is the extent of the Parish or Union?

It comprises the ancient parishes of Old Leighlin, Kinninane, Tullowcrine and Clodiah. Also a portion of the parishes of Wells and Augha. It contains about 15360 Irish acres, and measures from six miles in length to from 3 to 5½ miles in width _ _

 

2.What is the account population of the population? State the number of Males and Females, And – if convenient – the number under 12 years

5178 Catholic inhabitants, 2571 males, 2607 females, about 1400 under 12 years.

 

3.What is the number of schools in the parish? What books are used in them?

Eight national schools, 3 male, 3 female, two mixed. 1st. 2nd. 3rd. & fourth class books, sequel class, together with Geography and Grammar Books. All procured from the Board of N[ational] Education..

 

4.What is the age and character of teachers?

Two above 50 years, 2 above 30, the others are younger and all bear good [literally] and moral characters.

 

5.What is the average number of the Children who attended these Schools for the last year?

496 average attendance

 

6.What proportion of these Children read and write?

385.

 

7.Do any Children in the Parish attend Schools which have not your approval for their Education?

No. as far as I can learn.

 

8.If so, how many Children and for what reason or pretext?

-

 

9.What Religious Confraternities or Sodalities are now existing in the Parish?

The Confraternity of B V. Mary of Mt. Carmel, that of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, that of the Blessed Sacrament, that of the Christian Doctrine, the Book Society, that of the Living Rosary (recently established) And the Association for the Propagation of the Faith.

 

10.What is the number of members in each of said Sodalities?

The Confraternity of the B.V.M. numbers 230 – the Sacred Heart - 36 – the Blessd. Sacrt. 45 – the Christian Doctrine – 72 – the Living Rosary the Propagation about 450.

 

11.What is the average number of Children – distinguishing Male and Female – who attended at the Catechism Schools in each Church and Chapel in the Parish on Sundays and Holidays for the last year?

At Leighlin chapel 433 – Males 221, females 212 – At Ballinabranna 189 – Males – 97 Females 92 – Total 622

 

12.What number of books was given out by the Religious Book Society or Parochial Librarian within the last year?

About ninety six volumes

 

13.What is the number of Pious Reading Schools in each Church and Chapel in the Parish on Sunday and Holidays?

Two reading Schools, one male and one female, in each chapel.

 

14.What is the number of Children who made their First Communion within this year?

146 made their first communion on the feast of the Nativity of the B.V.M. last September. About 40 from thence to the end of the Christmas Stations.

 

Daniel Nolan P.P.

Leighlin Bridge

February 6th 1859

 

Note: The spelling and punctuation used in this transcription replicate the original document.

 

Document code: KL/P/LE/2

Our images are copyright. Please contact us if you wish to reproduce any image: delanyarchive@carlowcollege.ie

Today in Ireland and in the US new regulations relating to drones has been introduced [effective from the 21st of December 2015]. There are many similarities in the regulations but there is one major differences in that here in Ireland they have not mention the penalties for failure to register but in the US the cost of failure to register appears to be rather extreme … “civil penalties up to $27,500, or criminal penalties up to 3 years in prison and $250,000.” According to the minister the aim here in Ireland is to encourage drone users to be responsible citizens.

  

I have included the press releases from both administrations, have a read and see what you think.

  

Thursday, 17th December 2015: The Irish Aviation Authority (IAA) today announced a new drone regulation which includes the mandatory registration of all drones weighing 1kg or more from Monday, 21st December 2015.

 

The use of drones worldwide is expanding rapidly and there are estimated to be between 4,000 – 5,000 drones already in use in Ireland. Ireland has taken a proactive role in this fast emerging area and is currently one of only a handful of EU Member states that has legislation governing the use of drones.

 

The new legislation is intended to further enhance safety within Ireland and specifically addresses the safety challenges posed by drones.

 

From 21st December 2015, all drones weighing 1kg or more must be registered with the IAA via www.iaa.ie/drones. Drone registration is a simple two-step process. To register a drone, the registrant must be 16 years of age or older (Drones operated by those under 16 years of age must be registered by a parent or legal guardian). A nominal fee will apply from February 2016 but this has been initially waived by the IAA in order to encourage early registration.

  

Mr Ralph James, IAA Director of Safety Regulation, said

 

“Ireland is already recognised worldwide as a centre of excellence for civil aviation and the drone sector presents another major opportunity for Ireland. We’re closely working with industry to facilitate its successful development here. At the same time, safety is our top priority and we must ensure that drones are used in a safe way and that they do not interfere with all other forms of aviation.

 

Mr James explained that drone registration has been made a mandatory requirement as this will help the IAA to monitor the sector in the years ahead. The IAA encourages all drone operators to take part in training courses which are available through a number of approved drone training organisations.

 

“We would strongly encourage drone operators to register with us as quickly as possible, to complete a training course and to become aware of their responsibilities. People operating drones must do so in safe and responsible manner and in full compliance with the new regulations”, he said.

 

Welcoming the introduction of drone regulation, Minister for Transport, Tourism and Sport, Paschal Donohoe TD highlighted the importance of the new legislation and commended the IAA for the efficient manner to have the new registration system in place so quickly.

 

“The core safety message promoted today advocates the safe use of drones in civilian airspace. The development of drone technology brings opportunities as well as challenges for businesses and services in Ireland. I expect hundreds if not thousands of drones to be bought as presents this Christmas so getting the message to ensure that new owners and operators are aware of their responsibilities and the requirement to register all drones over 1 kg from 21st December 2015 is key. Tremendous potential exists for this sector and Ireland is at the forefront of its development. The speedy response by the IAA to this fast developing aviation area will make sure that drones are properly regulated and registered for use. As a result, Ireland is well placed to exploit the drone sector and to ensure industry growth in this area,” he said.

  

The new legislation prohibits users from operating their drones in an unsafe manner. This includes never operating a drone:

 

• if it will be a hazard to another aircraft in flight

• over an assembly of people

• farther than 300m from the operator

• within 120m of any person, vessel or structure not under the operator’s control

• closer than 5km from an aerodrome

• in a negligent or reckless manner so as to endanger life or property of others

• over 400ft (120m) above ground level

• over urban areas

• in civil of military controlled airspace

• in restricted areas (e.g. military installations, prisons, etc.)

• unless the operator has permission from the landowner for takeoff and landing.

  

For further information please visit www.iaa.ie/drones and see the IAA’s detailed Q&A sheet.

  

The Federal Aviation Administration has officially launched the drone registration program first reported in October. Drone operators are required to register their UAVs with the Unmanned Aircraft System registry starting December 21. Failure to register could result in criminal and civil penalties.

 

Under the new system, all aircraft must be registered with the FAA including those 'operated by modelers and hobbyists.' Once registered, drone operators must carry the registration certificate during operation. This new system only applies to drones weighing more than 0.55lbs/250g and less than 55lbs/25kg. The only exception to the registration requirement is indoor drone flights.

 

Required registration information includes a mailing address and physical address, email address, and full names; however, no information on the drone's make, model, or serial number is required from recreational users. Non-recreational users will need to provide drone information, including serial number, when that particular registration system goes live.

 

Failure to register could result in civil penalties up to $27,500, or criminal penalties up to 3 years in prison and $250,000. A $5 registration charge is applied, but will be refunded to those who register before January 20. The registration certificate is sent in an email to be printed at home.