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El Relator de la CIDH, Rodrigo Escobar Gil, con la Ministra de Justicia y Derechos Humanos, Ana Pineda, en la residencia del Presidente de la República. 2 de agosto de 2013
Image from 'Historical Collections of the State of New York ... relating to its history and antiquities, with geographical descriptions of every township in the State', 000194809
Author: BARBER, John Warner and HOWE (Henry)
Page: 62
Year: 1846
Place: New-York
Publisher: S. Tuttle
Following the link above will take you to the British Library's integrated catalogue. You will be able to download a PDF of the book this image is taken from, as well as view the pages up close with the 'itemViewer'. Click on the 'related items' to search for the electronic version of this work.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
PLEASE NOTE: -
“MUDA” is a singular word relating to one of the mercantile convoys sailing out of Venice each year.
“MUDE” is a plural word relating to several, or all, of the mercantile convoys sailing out of Venice each year.
27 leaves, leaf size 249mm x172mm (9 3/4ins. X 6 8/10ins.) with a text block of 172mm x 98mm (6 8/10ins. x 3 17/20ins.).
Single column, 29 lines in a superb, elegant, humanistic cursive minuscule script in black, probably all written by the same scribe. Many ascenders on the top line, and descenders on the bottom line, have been embellished.
This manuscript include two texts, the first being the Regulations of the Muda of Venice to Alexandria, and the second being the Journal of the Muda to Alexandria that set sail from Venice on 21st. May, 1504. The manuscript was probably written in that city in that year.
A FULL DESCRIPTION IS ATTACHED TO THE OVERVIEW.
Folio 4 recto (Original Folio 5 recto)
TRANSCRIPTION
(32)
Culphi,ordmatum, et firmatum est per nostra consilia, et sic servabis
q Capitaneus Galearum Culphi sit et esse debeat Capitanens generalis
dictarum galearum, et omnium navigiorum nostrorum armatorum &
disarmatorum, et facere Capitaneariam dones erunt simul.
(33)OMnes bulletas quas extra Venetias fieri facies pro cari eando merca -
tiones in galeis debeas facere ordinate registrari, & seribi in uno qua -
terno ut bene appareant, Et similiter debeas comittere patronis gale -
arum tibi commissarum, q onmes bullete que facte fuerint p te pro car -
ricondo debeant p sim seribam notari facere, & diligenter registra -
ri : Salvando tamen bulletas predictas ne perdantur, quos omnes
quaternos tu, et Patroni praedicti simul cum dictis cedulis dare
teneamini in vestro reditu, & prontare exordinariis quibus com -
missum est q debeant disearricare galeas iuxta formam dictorum
quaternorum et cedularum.
(34)QUicunq patronus approbatus p nostra consilia qui exinerit remane -
re in aliqua parte aliqua causa, nisi causa infirmitatis sue persone
que sit talis : q acceptet per Capitaneum armatae, et ut in isto cau
Capitanei ponant alium sufficientiorem quem poterunt, et contrafacien -
tes cadant ad penam libr quinq pro quolibet, & quolibet vice et com -
misum est advocatoribus comunis in Venetiis, et Capitano ex Venetiis
q predicta faciant observari, & exigant a contrafacientibus penam
predictam de qua haenant medietatem, et reliquum sit cois. Et si ad -
vocatores erunt negligentes ad excutiendum dictam penam, cadant
de tantundem, & Domini de nocte exigant penam ab advocatoribus
et Capitanus vel Advocatores sub pena libr ducenorum pro quolibet
ponente vel consentiente partem in contrarium.
(35)ET teneris dare sacramentum omnibus mercatoribus galearum tibi
Folio 4 recto (Original Folio 5 recto)
POSSIBLE ENGLISH TRANSLATION
32. …................ Culpho, ordered and confirmed by our plans, and so perfect that the said captain Captain General of the said galley Culpho and and all our galleys and boats both armed and unarmed and made accountable to him.
33. All those armed galleys that are in the same trade that that can get together outside of Venice should do so in order to be registered, and at greater length one in four appear as well to be similarly bound to the committee of the patrons of the galleys, yourself have also committed, that all the armed galleys have been made available to you should be noted by the scribe, and carefully registered, so that those armed shall not be lost, and that all four are together with with the above mentioned patrons and to give assurance of committing to a safe return extraordinarily quickly which should be decided upon according to the terms agreed by these four galleys.
34. Whosoever is the patron that is accordingly approved to remain in any part of our plans has any cause, who is such a person, unless it be for reasons of: a person for reasons of: a person the be accepted by the captain of armed men, and that in the case of the captain's account, which will be able to be put by someone else more adequate, and, opposed to the punishment of five pounds for each one, then after it was discussed and at any time, as is common in Venice and from Venice, and the captain may have observed the aforesaid, and, opposed the penalty aforesaid, of which ????? half of the demand and the rest of the costs. And if the advocates carelessly strike off a penalty imposed, so much of the loss, and of the increasing requirements from the penalty of the advocates and the captain or the advocates under the pain of two hundred pounds for each reckoning or with the consent of the other.
35. And being bound to you the secrets of all the merchant's galleys ….............
立法會鐵路事宜小組委員會視察港鐵南港島線 (東段)
立法会铁路事宜小组委员会视察港铁南港岛线 (东段)
LegCo Subcommittee on Matters Relating to Railways visits MTR South Island Line (East) (2016.12.12)
anime.saqibsomal.com/2016/02/26/anime/fairy-tail-draws-pi... -http://anime.saqibsomal.com/2016/02/26/anime/fairy-tail-draws-pictures-relating-to-san-valentin/537 - anime.saqibsomal.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/fairy-tai...
Kinetic: Relating to, caused by, or producing motion.
These are called “Kinetic” photographs because there is motion, energy, and movement involved, specifically my and the camera’s movements.
Most of these are shot outdoors where I have the room to literally spin and throw my little camera several feet up into the air, with some throws going as high as 15 feet or more!
None of these are Photoshopped, layered, or a composite photo...what you see occurs in one shot, one take.
Aren’t I afraid that I will drop and break my camera? For regular followers of my photostream and this series you will know that I have already done so. This little camera has been dropped many times, and broken once when dropped on concrete outside. It still functions...not so well for regular photographs, but superbly for more kinetic work.
Albeit supremely risky this is one of my favorite ways to produce abstract photographs.
If you'd like to see more please check out my set, "Vertigo:"
www.flickr.com/photos/motorpsiclist/sets/72157630591282642/
.
To read more about Kinetic Photography click the Wikipedia link below:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinetic_photography
.
My photographs and videos and any derivative works are my private property and are copyright © by me, John Russell (aka “Zoom Lens”) and ALL my rights, including my exclusive rights, are reserved. ANY use without my permission in writing is forbidden by law.
The reason behind relating this picture to greek name "Benedicta", is as women is standing tall happily, in front of the ancient temple door, looking the world as a new beginning to the new world blessed by God.
with A23H
Alfred 23 Harth’s art works and performances relating to the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) reflect a deeply layered and nuanced engagement with the physical, historical, and cultural realities of the DMZ area, extending far beyond simple representation. Since establishing his studio near the DMZ around 2007, Harth has explored the militarized border zone as an uncanny and charged site, embodying both intense geopolitical tension and paradoxically, a reserve of rare flora and fauna. Through his artistic practice, he discovered and documented military objects like trenches, bunkers, barbed wire fences with stone inserts and alarm bells, recognizing some as strange art objects in themselves. These findings formed a part of his broader artistic narrative, intertwining historical layers of Korean kingdoms (Silla and Goguryeo) with the contemporary division of North and South Korea symbolized by the DMZ.
Harth’s art is informed by archaeological curiosities he pursued in the vicinity, such as shards of celadon ceramics from ancient Korean dynasties found near the DMZ, and the memory of historic places like the wiped-out 20th-century river port Gorangpo. His work reflects an echo from his excursions near the DMZ rather than direct occurrences, capturing the borderline space as a cultural and political phenomenon. This is apparent in his multimedia installation “DUGOUT” (2013) exhibited at the Artsonje Center in Seoul, where he presents a playful yet serious reflection on the DMZ reality, combining military archival material, ancient history, and contemporary urban experiences. The installation embodies the concept proposed by director David Lynch that for every military installation, there should be a peaceful counterbalance.
Harth’s video artwork “Deconstruct Mental Zymotics” delves into the DMZ as a hyperreal cultural trance zone, layered with illusions and political theater, underscored by philosophical voices like Jean Baudrillard and Vilém Flusser. It highlights the DMZ as a vast open-air contemporary art museum surrounded by leisure spots and tourist attractions, illustrating the paradox between militarization and commodification. He further integrates the political situation of the Korean division into his music and performances, collaborating with Korean artists and producing works imbued with these themes, including his mother-of-pearl CDs “nu:clear re:actor” (2004) and “T_error” (2005) and performances along the DMZ spots guided by his unique perspective.
Moreover, Harth relates the contemporary Korean divide to his personal experience growing up in Cold War Germany, where he initially perceived nuclear threats as theatrical fakes, co-founding the group Duck and Cover to artistically comment on militarism. His art thus bridges personal and historical narratives across geopolitical borders, transforming military overkill into a poetic and conceptual meditation on division, conflict, history, and peace.
In summary, Alfred 23 Harth’s DMZ-related artworks and performances engage the border as a complex multi-dimensional space—melding military reality, cultural memory, ecological paradox, political critique, historical archaeology, and artistic interpretation into a rich, reflective body of work.
立法會改善環境衞生及市容事宜小組委員會視察元朗垃圾收集及鼠患監察設施
立法会改善环境卫生及市容事宜小组委员会视察元朗垃圾收集及鼠患监察设施
LegCo Subcommittee on Issues Relating to the Improvement of Environmental Hygiene and Cityscape visits refuse collection and rodent surveillance facilities in Yuen Long (2021.04.26)
Dundalk overwhelm Bangor in All Ireland Final
by Roger Corbett
Bangor’s amazing run in the All Ireland Junior Cup came to an abrupt end when they were comprehensively beaten by Dundalk, eventually losing by 55-5.
Where do you start when trying to relate and absorb the events of Saturday’s final at Chambers Park? Firstly, congratulations to worthy winners Dundalk who nullified the Bangor attack, then went on to produce some stunning plays which racked up no less than 8 tries, each by a different player. For Bangor’s part, they were unable to respond to the intensity of Dundalk’s game, and lacked the cutting edge which their opponents used to great effect.
The day started full of promise, as the strong support from North Down made their way to Chambers Park in Portadown, knowing Bangor would be fielding their best team. Once again, the pundits had Bangor as the underdogs – just as they had done so in the previous three rounds! In confounding the experts earlier, Bangor produced some awesome performances against top quality opposition to get to the final. Dundalk had produced some convincing wins in the early rounds of the competition, but had struggled to get past CIYMS in the semi-final, just managing to squeeze ahead at the second time of asking. However, with a number of key players returning to the side in time for this game, they were now back at full strength and would be a formidable force to contend with.
Having won the toss, captain Jamie Clegg elected to play into the stiff wind in the first half. For the first 5 minutes, Bangor doggedly retained possession and tried to play their way into Dundalk’s half through a series of determined forward moves. However, little ground was made and, when possession was finally lost, the Dundalk back line produced a burst that simply cut through the Bangor defence resulting in an easy touch down under Bangor’s posts for a 7-0 lead.
Bangor stuck to their plan and slowly, but patiently, got their attack moving forward, eventually winning a penalty to the left of Dundalk’s posts, but Mark Widdowson’s kick into the wind drifted just wide of the mark.
The contrast in play between the two teams was becoming clear, with Bangor trying to keep the ball close while Dundalk were throwing it wide. The latter strategy was proving to be the more effective as, with 20 minutes gone, a quick back line move with players looping around resulted in an overlap on the right wing which gave a clear run in to again, score under the posts. A further 9 minutes later, they did it again and, although the Bangor defence had sensed the danger and moved across to cover it, their tackling let them down allowing Dundalk to get over in the right hand corner, taking their lead to 19-0.
By now, Bangor were trying to hang on until half time when they could regroup and come out with the wind at their backs. Dundalk, on the other hand were anxious to press home their advantage and give them a more comfortable lead. To Bangor’s credit, although camped on their own line for lengthy spells, they dug in and managed to hold on until the referee’s half time whistle.
As the teams reappeared from the dressing rooms, it was obvious Bangor were ringing the changes, particularly in the backs. With the wind advantage having lessened considerably, Bangor got the second half underway. It was now Dundalk’s turn to adopt the slow, steady approach, just as Bangor had done earlier. However, their more confident off-loading and support play was, once again, taking play deep into Bangor’s territory. Frustration at not being able to gain possession and take play out of their danger area eventually resulted in a yellow card for Clegg after a succession of penalties. Dundalk kicked the penalty to touch, won their lineout and drove for the line. Although initially held up by the Bangor defence, Dundalk’s repeated drives were eventually rewarded with another converted score, extending their lead to 26-0.
From the touchline, the Bangor faithful had felt that if their players had managed to score first in the second half, they may have been able to mount a fight-back and close the gap to their opponents. As it was, this Dundalk score simply bolstered their confidence and pushed Bangor deeper into trouble. With Bangor still a man down, Dundalk added to the score with a penalty and then another score in the corner. Everything was now working for the Leinster men, as even the difficult touchline conversion into the biting wind successfully split the posts, bringing the score to 36-0.
As the game entered the final quarter, and with Dundalk all but holding the cup, Bangor were now on the ropes. By contrast, the Dundalk players were in almost total control, and were not going to slow down now. In a 10 minute spell, they ran in a further 3 tries, making the scoreline 55-0. By now, any sense of dejection the Bangor supporters may have been feeling was now moved to feelings of sympathy for their players. However, pride was at stake and once again Bangor rallied as the game entered its final minutes. At last, the forwards got within striking distance of the Dundalk line and, although their repeated attacks were repelled, they finally managed to do what their opponents had done so effectively, and quickly passed the ball wide to Davy Charles. Even though they were 55 points ahead, the Dundalk defence made Charles work hard to drive through the tackles and score Bangor’s consolation try, bringing the final score to 55-5.
From Bangor’s point of view, the final score doesn’t tell the whole story of this competition. While the final may have resulted in a sad anti-climax for Bangor, the remarkable journey to get there will be remembered for some time. On the day, Dundalk were by far the better side, and Bangor would have to concede that their game was not up to the usual standard. However, there is no doubt the experience of competing at this level is something to relish and the goal now will be to secure a top four place in the league and try again next year.
Everybody at the club has nothing but the highest respect and praise for what has been achieved this year by not just the 1sts, but all the senior teams, and one poor result isn’t going to change that – the welcome at Upritchard Park for the returning players is testament to that. With that in mind, the players now need to put this disappointment behind them and provide the best possible response against a struggling Portadown side at home in the league next Saturday.
Bangor side: J Leary, A Jackson, P Whyte, F Black, G Irvine, R Latimer, J Clegg, C Stewart, R Armstrong, K Rosson, D Charles, M Aspley, M Weir, M Widdowson, C Morgan
Subs: S Irvine, O McIlmurray, D Kelly, M Rodgers, C Harper, D Fusco, M Thompson
Bangor scores: D Charles (1T)
Dundalk Storm To Title Dundalk 55 v Bangor 5 from KnockOn.ie
Dundalk Scorers: Christopher Scully, Owen McNally, Jonathan Williams, John Smyth, Ultan Murphy, Tiernan Gonnelly, James McConnon and Stephen Murphy 1 try each. Ultan Murphy 6 cons, 1 pen.
Bangor Scorers: David Charles 1 try.
In front of a big crowd at Chambers Park on Saturday afternoon Dundalk delivered a stunning and ruthless display to see off the challenge of Bangor and capture the All Ireland Junior Cup title for the very first time.
Three first half tries had them firmly in control at 19-0 ahead having played with the elements at the Portadown venue during the first half and while the wind dropped somewhat after half time the Dundalk intensity most certainly didn’t as they cut loose scoring five more tries.
Dundalk returned to a heroes welcome at their Mill Road clubhouse on Saturday night after a display of pure brilliance throughout the afternoon.
Precision, pace and skill from the Louth men from start to finish left Bangor playing second fiddle for long periods.
As most people collect, they end up meeting interesting people that they can relate to. I've certainly met my share of them, and have managed to obtain a few pieces with some assistance from them. As a result, hailing all the4 way from Singapore, we have the Hot Toys Exclusive (whatever that means) Avengers 2: Age of Ultron - Maria Hill figure.
I know they weren't super expensive back in the day (MSRP I mean), but by the time Sideshow got their hands on it, this figure cost $215 USD, which definitely cost more than your run of the mill figure back in the day, all the while being less equipped than they were. I managed to snag one that was opened and resealed in a box for $170 USD shippped.
You get the figure, 3 pairs of hands, walkie talkie, Bluetooth earpiece, and a pistol. Oh, and the usual base/stand.
Now, I learned about Pleather deterioration, but completely forgot about how tropical weather like in Singapore would affect a figure. It's not the worst I've seen, as some of my Widows have similar damage, but they've lived in Canada all their lives.
But it is unfortunate seeing how I didn't exactly score this figure for Garage Sale prices. I'm hoping my coats of leather paint prevents things from getting worse.
What I wasn't expecting was the effect of humidity on paint in contact with plastic. Hot Toys gave the sculpt some lovely blush to accentuate her cheeks. Well, that all turned from pink to yellow, so it looks kinda weird.
Unfortunate, but I treat it as a learning lesson on things to look out for when I finally make my way back to Asia to unleash holy hell on the secondary toy market.
So with the downers out of the way, the rest of the figure is pretty standard. I believe Maria uses a slightly taller version of the Widow body, which is a bit tall and narrow in the torso, but overall is a closer match to Colbie Smulders than Scarlett Johansson.
Maria was made when they still made softer fabric uniforms. I'd describe the feel of what she's wearing as being whatever Jeggings are made from. The upper body generally has full use of its faculties - unfortunately the body doesn't have Butterfly style shoulders, which is unfortunate as Maria could have really used them, especially for her pistol and arm crossed poses. Legs are restricted despite the softer fabric, though isn't as bad as with Winter Soldier Black Widow.
The head sculpt I'm actually quite impressed with. It's not perfect - they never are and if anyone says so, they're probably just not looking hard at the thing... or in some instances, not looking at all. The eyes are off, and the sculpted hair throws things off. But ultimately, it comes down to the jaw being too square, even for Colbie Smulders. On the whole, however, its probably 70 - 80% there, which is a lot more than I can say about any Black Widow up to that point, and Hot Toys accomplished that with one try as well.
Paint, I'm not really in a position to comment on. But, it appears if you can see past the discoloration, you'll see that the usual high quality is there. Build Quality is the usual high level, with nothing falling apart aside from the Pleather.
Overall, despite being a simpler figure I have to say I certainly like this better than I liked AoU Widow, which was just.. weird from a MCU perspective as well as from a Hot Toy perspective. I'll probably have to hunt down a WS Nick Fury to pair with her, but this time I'll be sure to make sure everything is is one piece.
立法會發展智慧城市事宜小組委員會參觀香港國際機場
立法会发展智慧城市事宜小组委员会参观香港国际机场
LegCo Subcommittee on Matters Relating to the Development of Smart City visits the Hong Kong International Airport (8.8.2022)
An early morning flight heads up the East Coast of New Zealand's South island in clear skies. The distant shadowy land rising just behind the darker foreground silhouette is Banks Peninsula.
I will (and have already done so) delete comments and links relating to the chemtrail conspiracy theory and I'll then be using the block function.
Part of a Set / Slide Show of images relating to the Brighton Japan Festival and Matsuri ブライ卜ン曰本フェステイバル祭 - held in Japan City, around the Victoria Fouintain on The Old Steine Gardens, Brighton, England.
www.brightonjapan.com [Official Website] [event diary]
www.facebook.com/BrightonJapanFestival [facebook page]
13th September 2013 to Sunday 22nd September 2013
[Titles, Tags and Descriptions to be updated]
Dundalk overwhelm Bangor in All Ireland Final
by Roger Corbett
Bangor’s amazing run in the All Ireland Junior Cup came to an abrupt end when they were comprehensively beaten by Dundalk, eventually losing by 55-5.
Where do you start when trying to relate and absorb the events of Saturday’s final at Chambers Park? Firstly, congratulations to worthy winners Dundalk who nullified the Bangor attack, then went on to produce some stunning plays which racked up no less than 8 tries, each by a different player. For Bangor’s part, they were unable to respond to the intensity of Dundalk’s game, and lacked the cutting edge which their opponents used to great effect.
The day started full of promise, as the strong support from North Down made their way to Chambers Park in Portadown, knowing Bangor would be fielding their best team. Once again, the pundits had Bangor as the underdogs – just as they had done so in the previous three rounds! In confounding the experts earlier, Bangor produced some awesome performances against top quality opposition to get to the final. Dundalk had produced some convincing wins in the early rounds of the competition, but had struggled to get past CIYMS in the semi-final, just managing to squeeze ahead at the second time of asking. However, with a number of key players returning to the side in time for this game, they were now back at full strength and would be a formidable force to contend with.
Having won the toss, captain Jamie Clegg elected to play into the stiff wind in the first half. For the first 5 minutes, Bangor doggedly retained possession and tried to play their way into Dundalk’s half through a series of determined forward moves. However, little ground was made and, when possession was finally lost, the Dundalk back line produced a burst that simply cut through the Bangor defence resulting in an easy touch down under Bangor’s posts for a 7-0 lead.
Bangor stuck to their plan and slowly, but patiently, got their attack moving forward, eventually winning a penalty to the left of Dundalk’s posts, but Mark Widdowson’s kick into the wind drifted just wide of the mark.
The contrast in play between the two teams was becoming clear, with Bangor trying to keep the ball close while Dundalk were throwing it wide. The latter strategy was proving to be the more effective as, with 20 minutes gone, a quick back line move with players looping around resulted in an overlap on the right wing which gave a clear run in to again, score under the posts. A further 9 minutes later, they did it again and, although the Bangor defence had sensed the danger and moved across to cover it, their tackling let them down allowing Dundalk to get over in the right hand corner, taking their lead to 19-0.
By now, Bangor were trying to hang on until half time when they could regroup and come out with the wind at their backs. Dundalk, on the other hand were anxious to press home their advantage and give them a more comfortable lead. To Bangor’s credit, although camped on their own line for lengthy spells, they dug in and managed to hold on until the referee’s half time whistle.
As the teams reappeared from the dressing rooms, it was obvious Bangor were ringing the changes, particularly in the backs. With the wind advantage having lessened considerably, Bangor got the second half underway. It was now Dundalk’s turn to adopt the slow, steady approach, just as Bangor had done earlier. However, their more confident off-loading and support play was, once again, taking play deep into Bangor’s territory. Frustration at not being able to gain possession and take play out of their danger area eventually resulted in a yellow card for Clegg after a succession of penalties. Dundalk kicked the penalty to touch, won their lineout and drove for the line. Although initially held up by the Bangor defence, Dundalk’s repeated drives were eventually rewarded with another converted score, extending their lead to 26-0.
From the touchline, the Bangor faithful had felt that if their players had managed to score first in the second half, they may have been able to mount a fight-back and close the gap to their opponents. As it was, this Dundalk score simply bolstered their confidence and pushed Bangor deeper into trouble. With Bangor still a man down, Dundalk added to the score with a penalty and then another score in the corner. Everything was now working for the Leinster men, as even the difficult touchline conversion into the biting wind successfully split the posts, bringing the score to 36-0.
As the game entered the final quarter, and with Dundalk all but holding the cup, Bangor were now on the ropes. By contrast, the Dundalk players were in almost total control, and were not going to slow down now. In a 10 minute spell, they ran in a further 3 tries, making the scoreline 55-0. By now, any sense of dejection the Bangor supporters may have been feeling was now moved to feelings of sympathy for their players. However, pride was at stake and once again Bangor rallied as the game entered its final minutes. At last, the forwards got within striking distance of the Dundalk line and, although their repeated attacks were repelled, they finally managed to do what their opponents had done so effectively, and quickly passed the ball wide to Davy Charles. Even though they were 55 points ahead, the Dundalk defence made Charles work hard to drive through the tackles and score Bangor’s consolation try, bringing the final score to 55-5.
From Bangor’s point of view, the final score doesn’t tell the whole story of this competition. While the final may have resulted in a sad anti-climax for Bangor, the remarkable journey to get there will be remembered for some time. On the day, Dundalk were by far the better side, and Bangor would have to concede that their game was not up to the usual standard. However, there is no doubt the experience of competing at this level is something to relish and the goal now will be to secure a top four place in the league and try again next year.
Everybody at the club has nothing but the highest respect and praise for what has been achieved this year by not just the 1sts, but all the senior teams, and one poor result isn’t going to change that – the welcome at Upritchard Park for the returning players is testament to that. With that in mind, the players now need to put this disappointment behind them and provide the best possible response against a struggling Portadown side at home in the league next Saturday.
Bangor side: J Leary, A Jackson, P Whyte, F Black, G Irvine, R Latimer, J Clegg, C Stewart, R Armstrong, K Rosson, D Charles, M Aspley, M Weir, M Widdowson, C Morgan
Subs: S Irvine, O McIlmurray, D Kelly, M Rodgers, C Harper, D Fusco, M Thompson
Bangor scores: D Charles (1T)
Dundalk Storm To Title Dundalk 55 v Bangor 5 from KnockOn.ie
Dundalk Scorers: Christopher Scully, Owen McNally, Jonathan Williams, John Smyth, Ultan Murphy, Tiernan Gonnelly, James McConnon and Stephen Murphy 1 try each. Ultan Murphy 6 cons, 1 pen.
Bangor Scorers: David Charles 1 try.
In front of a big crowd at Chambers Park on Saturday afternoon Dundalk delivered a stunning and ruthless display to see off the challenge of Bangor and capture the All Ireland Junior Cup title for the very first time.
Three first half tries had them firmly in control at 19-0 ahead having played with the elements at the Portadown venue during the first half and while the wind dropped somewhat after half time the Dundalk intensity most certainly didn’t as they cut loose scoring five more tries.
Dundalk returned to a heroes welcome at their Mill Road clubhouse on Saturday night after a display of pure brilliance throughout the afternoon.
Precision, pace and skill from the Louth men from start to finish left Bangor playing second fiddle for long periods.
It relates to the so-called green pass, showing that you are vaccinated, that had to be shown for all kinds of activities, such as eating in restaurants.
As in other countries, there is debate about the covid measures, which are all but abolished in most European countries.
立法會動物權益事宜小組委員會視察位於西貢的流浪牛遷移地
立法会动物权益事宜小组委员会视察位于西贡的流浪牛迁移地
LegCo Subcommittee to Study Issues Relating to Animal Rights visits a site in Sai Kung for relocated stray cattle (2017.11.14)
Ganesha, also spelled Ganesh, and also known as Ganapati and Vinayaka, is a widely worshipped deity in the Hindu pantheon. His image is found throughout India and Nepal. Hindu sects worship him regardless of affiliations. Devotion to Ganesha is widely diffused and extends to Jains, Buddhists, and beyond India.
Although he is known by many attributes, Ganesha's elephant head makes him easy to identify. Ganesha is widely revered as the remover of obstacles, the patron of arts and sciences and the deva of intellect and wisdom. As the god of beginnings, he is honoured at the start of rituals and ceremonies. Ganesha is also invoked as patron of letters and learning during writing sessions. Several texts relate mythological anecdotes associated with his birth and exploits and explain his distinct iconography.
Ganesha emerged as a distinct deity in the 4th and 5th centuries CE, during the Gupta Period, although he inherited traits from Vedic and pre-Vedic precursors. He was formally included among the five primary deities of Smartism (a Hindu denomination) in the 9th century. A sect of devotees called the Ganapatya arose, who identified Ganesha as the supreme deity. The principal scriptures dedicated to Ganesha are the Ganesha Purana, the Mudgala Purana, and the Ganapati Atharvashirsa.
ETYMOLOGY AND OTHER NAMES
Ganesha has been ascribed many other titles and epithets, including Ganapati and Vighneshvara. The Hindu title of respect Shri is often added before his name. One popular way Ganesha is worshipped is by chanting a Ganesha Sahasranama, a litany of "a thousand names of Ganesha". Each name in the sahasranama conveys a different meaning and symbolises a different aspect of Ganesha. At least two different versions of the Ganesha Sahasranama exist; one version is drawn from the Ganesha Purana, a Hindu scripture venerating Ganesha.
The name Ganesha is a Sanskrit compound, joining the words gana, meaning a group, multitude, or categorical system and isha, meaning lord or master. The word gaņa when associated with Ganesha is often taken to refer to the gaņas, a troop of semi-divine beings that form part of the retinue of Shiva. The term more generally means a category, class, community, association, or corporation. Some commentators interpret the name "Lord of the Gaņas" to mean "Lord of Hosts" or "Lord of created categories", such as the elements. Ganapati, a synonym for Ganesha, is a compound composed of gaṇa, meaning "group", and pati, meaning "ruler" or "lord". The Amarakosha, an early Sanskrit lexicon, lists eight synonyms of Ganesha : Vinayaka, Vighnarāja (equivalent to Vighnesha), Dvaimātura (one who has two mothers), Gaṇādhipa (equivalent to Ganapati and Ganesha), Ekadanta (one who has one tusk), Heramba, Lambodara (one who has a pot belly, or, literally, one who has a hanging belly), and Gajanana; having the face of an elephant).
Vinayaka is a common name for Ganesha that appears in the Purāṇas and in Buddhist Tantras. This name is reflected in the naming of the eight famous Ganesha temples in Maharashtra known as the Ashtavinayak (aṣṭavināyaka). The names Vighnesha and Vighneshvara (Lord of Obstacles) refers to his primary function in Hindu theology as the master and remover of obstacles (vighna).
A prominent name for Ganesha in the Tamil language is Pillai. A. K. Narain differentiates these terms by saying that pillai means a "child" while pillaiyar means a "noble child". He adds that the words pallu, pella, and pell in the Dravidian family of languages signify "tooth or tusk", also "elephant tooth or tusk". Anita Raina Thapan notes that the root word pille in the name Pillaiyar might have originally meant "the young of the elephant", because the Pali word pillaka means "a young elephant".
In the Burmese language, Ganesha is known as Maha Peinne, derived from Pali Mahā Wināyaka. The widespread name of Ganesha in Thailand is Phra Phikhanet or Phra Phikhanesuan, both of which are derived from Vara Vighnesha and Vara Vighneshvara respectively, whereas the name Khanet (from Ganesha) is rather rare.
In Sri Lanka, in the North-Central and North Western areas with predominantly Buddhist population, Ganesha is known as Aiyanayaka Deviyo, while in other Singhala Buddhist areas he is known as Gana deviyo.
ICONOGRAPHY
Ganesha is a popular figure in Indian art. Unlike those of some deities, representations of Ganesha show wide variations and distinct patterns changing over time. He may be portrayed standing, dancing, heroically taking action against demons, playing with his family as a boy, sitting down or on an elevated seat, or engaging in a range of contemporary situations.
Ganesha images were prevalent in many parts of India by the 6th century. The 13th century statue pictured is typical of Ganesha statuary from 900–1200, after Ganesha had been well-established as an independent deity with his own sect. This example features some of Ganesha's common iconographic elements. A virtually identical statue has been dated between 973–1200 by Paul Martin-Dubost, and another similar statue is dated c. 12th century by Pratapaditya Pal. Ganesha has the head of an elephant and a big belly. This statue has four arms, which is common in depictions of Ganesha. He holds his own broken tusk in his lower-right hand and holds a delicacy, which he samples with his trunk, in his lower-left hand. The motif of Ganesha turning his trunk sharply to his left to taste a sweet in his lower-left hand is a particularly archaic feature. A more primitive statue in one of the Ellora Caves with this general form has been dated to the 7th century. Details of the other hands are difficult to make out on the statue shown. In the standard configuration, Ganesha typically holds an axe or a goad in one upper arm and a pasha (noose) in the other upper arm.
The influence of this old constellation of iconographic elements can still be seen in contemporary representations of Ganesha. In one modern form, the only variation from these old elements is that the lower-right hand does not hold the broken tusk but is turned towards the viewer in a gesture of protection or fearlessness (abhaya mudra). The same combination of four arms and attributes occurs in statues of Ganesha dancing, which is a very popular theme.
COMMON ATTRIBUTES
Ganesha has been represented with the head of an elephant since the early stages of his appearance in Indian art. Puranic myths provide many explanations for how he got his elephant head. One of his popular forms, Heramba-Ganapati, has five elephant heads, and other less-common variations in the number of heads are known. While some texts say that Ganesha was born with an elephant head, he acquires the head later in most stories. The most recurrent motif in these stories is that Ganesha was created by Parvati using clay to protect her and Shiva beheaded him when Ganesha came between Shiva and Parvati. Shiva then replaced Ganesha's original head with that of an elephant. Details of the battle and where the replacement head came from vary from source to source. Another story says that Ganesha was created directly by Shiva's laughter. Because Shiva considered Ganesha too alluring, he gave him the head of an elephant and a protruding belly.
Ganesha's earliest name was Ekadanta (One Tusked), referring to his single whole tusk, the other being broken. Some of the earliest images of Ganesha show him holding his broken tusk. The importance of this distinctive feature is reflected in the Mudgala Purana, which states that the name of Ganesha's second incarnation is Ekadanta. Ganesha's protruding belly appears as a distinctive attribute in his earliest statuary, which dates to the Gupta period (4th to 6th centuries). This feature is so important that, according to the Mudgala Purana, two different incarnations of Ganesha use names based on it: Lambodara (Pot Belly, or, literally, Hanging Belly) and Mahodara (Great Belly). Both names are Sanskrit compounds describing his belly. The Brahmanda Purana says that Ganesha has the name Lambodara because all the universes (i.e., cosmic eggs) of the past, present, and future are present in him. The number of Ganesha's arms varies; his best-known forms have between two and sixteen arms. Many depictions of Ganesha feature four arms, which is mentioned in Puranic sources and codified as a standard form in some iconographic texts. His earliest images had two arms. Forms with 14 and 20 arms appeared in Central India during the 9th and the 10th centuries. The serpent is a common feature in Ganesha iconography and appears in many forms. According to the Ganesha Purana, Ganesha wrapped the serpent Vasuki around his neck. Other depictions of snakes include use as a sacred thread wrapped around the stomach as a belt, held in a hand, coiled at the ankles, or as a throne. Upon Ganesha's forehead may be a third eye or the Shaivite sectarian mark , which consists of three horizontal lines. The Ganesha Purana prescribes a tilaka mark as well as a crescent moon on the forehead. A distinct form of Ganesha called Bhalachandra includes that iconographic element. Ganesha is often described as red in color. Specific colors are associated with certain forms. Many examples of color associations with specific meditation forms are prescribed in the Sritattvanidhi, a treatise on Hindu iconography. For example, white is associated with his representations as Heramba-Ganapati and Rina-Mochana-Ganapati (Ganapati Who Releases from Bondage). Ekadanta-Ganapati is visualized as blue during meditation in that form.
VAHANAS
The earliest Ganesha images are without a vahana (mount/vehicle). Of the eight incarnations of Ganesha described in the Mudgala Purana, Ganesha uses a mouse (shrew) in five of them, a lion in his incarnation as Vakratunda, a peacock in his incarnation as Vikata, and Shesha, the divine serpent, in his incarnation as Vighnaraja. Mohotkata uses a lion, Mayūreśvara uses a peacock, Dhumraketu uses a horse, and Gajanana uses a mouse, in the four incarnations of Ganesha listed in the Ganesha Purana. Jain depictions of Ganesha show his vahana variously as a mouse, elephant, tortoise, ram, or peacock.
Ganesha is often shown riding on or attended by a mouse, shrew or rat. Martin-Dubost says that the rat began to appear as the principal vehicle in sculptures of Ganesha in central and western India during the 7th century; the rat was always placed close to his feet. The mouse as a mount first appears in written sources in the Matsya Purana and later in the Brahmananda Purana and Ganesha Purana, where Ganesha uses it as his vehicle in his last incarnation. The Ganapati Atharvashirsa includes a meditation verse on Ganesha that describes the mouse appearing on his flag. The names Mūṣakavāhana (mouse-mount) and Ākhuketana (rat-banner) appear in the Ganesha Sahasranama.
The mouse is interpreted in several ways. According to Grimes, "Many, if not most of those who interpret Gaṇapati's mouse, do so negatively; it symbolizes tamoguṇa as well as desire". Along these lines, Michael Wilcockson says it symbolizes those who wish to overcome desires and be less selfish. Krishan notes that the rat is destructive and a menace to crops. The Sanskrit word mūṣaka (mouse) is derived from the root mūṣ (stealing, robbing). It was essential to subdue the rat as a destructive pest, a type of vighna (impediment) that needed to be overcome. According to this theory, showing Ganesha as master of the rat demonstrates his function as Vigneshvara (Lord of Obstacles) and gives evidence of his possible role as a folk grāma-devatā (village deity) who later rose to greater prominence. Martin-Dubost notes a view that the rat is a symbol suggesting that Ganesha, like the rat, penetrates even the most secret places.
ASSOCIATIONS
OBSTACLES
Ganesha is Vighneshvara or Vighnaraja or Vighnaharta (Marathi), the Lord of Obstacles, both of a material and spiritual order. He is popularly worshipped as a remover of obstacles, though traditionally he also places obstacles in the path of those who need to be checked. Paul Courtright says that "his task in the divine scheme of things, his dharma, is to place and remove obstacles. It is his particular territory, the reason for his creation."
Krishan notes that some of Ganesha's names reflect shadings of multiple roles that have evolved over time. Dhavalikar ascribes the quick ascension of Ganesha in the Hindu pantheon, and the emergence of the Ganapatyas, to this shift in emphasis from vighnakartā (obstacle-creator) to vighnahartā (obstacle-averter). However, both functions continue to be vital to his character.
BUDDHI (KNOWLEDGE)
Ganesha is considered to be the Lord of letters and learning. In Sanskrit, the word buddhi is a feminine noun that is variously translated as intelligence, wisdom, or intellect. The concept of buddhi is closely associated with the personality of Ganesha, especially in the Puranic period, when many stories stress his cleverness and love of intelligence. One of Ganesha's names in the Ganesha Purana and the Ganesha Sahasranama is Buddhipriya. This name also appears in a list of 21 names at the end of the Ganesha Sahasranama that Ganesha says are especially important. The word priya can mean "fond of", and in a marital context it can mean "lover" or "husband", so the name may mean either "Fond of Intelligence" or "Buddhi's Husband".
AUM
Ganesha is identified with the Hindu mantra Aum, also spelled Om. The term oṃkārasvarūpa (Aum is his form), when identified with Ganesha, refers to the notion that he personifies the primal sound. The Ganapati Atharvashirsa attests to this association. Chinmayananda translates the relevant passage as follows:
(O Lord Ganapati!) You are (the Trinity) Brahma, Vishnu, and Mahesa. You are Indra. You are fire [Agni] and air [Vāyu]. You are the sun [Sūrya] and the moon [Chandrama]. You are Brahman. You are (the three worlds) Bhuloka [earth], Antariksha-loka [space], and Swargaloka [heaven]. You are Om. (That is to say, You are all this).
Some devotees see similarities between the shape of Ganesha's body in iconography and the shape of Aum in the Devanāgarī and Tamil scripts.
FIRST CHAKRA
According to Kundalini yoga, Ganesha resides in the first chakra, called Muladhara (mūlādhāra). Mula means "original, main"; adhara means "base, foundation". The muladhara chakra is the principle on which the manifestation or outward expansion of primordial Divine Force rests. This association is also attested to in the Ganapati Atharvashirsa. Courtright translates this passage as follows: "[O Ganesha,] You continually dwell in the sacral plexus at the base of the spine [mūlādhāra cakra]." Thus, Ganesha has a permanent abode in every being at the Muladhara. Ganesha holds, supports and guides all other chakras, thereby "governing the forces that propel the wheel of life".
FAMILY AND CONSORTS
Though Ganesha is popularly held to be the son of Shiva and Parvati, the Puranic myths give different versions about his birth. In some he was created by Parvati, in another he was created by Shiva and Parvati, in another he appeared mysteriously and was discovered by Shiva and Parvati or he was born from the elephant headed goddess Malini after she drank Parvati's bath water that had been thrown in the river.
The family includes his brother the war god Kartikeya, who is also called Subramanya, Skanda, Murugan and other names. Regional differences dictate the order of their births. In northern India, Skanda is generally said to be the elder, while in the south, Ganesha is considered the first born. In northern India, Skanda was an important martial deity from about 500 BCE to about 600 CE, when worship of him declined significantly in northern India. As Skanda fell, Ganesha rose. Several stories tell of sibling rivalry between the brothers and may reflect sectarian tensions.
Ganesha's marital status, the subject of considerable scholarly review, varies widely in mythological stories. One pattern of myths identifies Ganesha as an unmarried brahmacari. This view is common in southern India and parts of northern India. Another pattern associates him with the concepts of Buddhi (intellect), Siddhi (spiritual power), and Riddhi (prosperity); these qualities are sometimes personified as goddesses, said to be Ganesha's wives. He also may be shown with a single consort or a nameless servant (Sanskrit: daşi). Another pattern connects Ganesha with the goddess of culture and the arts, Sarasvati or Śarda (particularly in Maharashtra). He is also associated with the goddess of luck and prosperity, Lakshmi. Another pattern, mainly prevalent in the Bengal region, links Ganesha with the banana tree, Kala Bo.
The Shiva Purana says that Ganesha had begotten two sons: Kşema (prosperity) and Lābha (profit). In northern Indian variants of this story, the sons are often said to be Śubha (auspiciouness) and Lābha. The 1975 Hindi film Jai Santoshi Maa shows Ganesha married to Riddhi and Siddhi and having a daughter named Santoshi Ma, the goddess of satisfaction. This story has no Puranic basis, but Anita Raina Thapan and Lawrence Cohen cite Santoshi Ma's cult as evidence of Ganesha's continuing evolution as a popular deity.
WOSHIP AND FESTIVALS
Ganesha is worshipped on many religious and secular occasions; especially at the beginning of ventures such as buying a vehicle or starting a business. K.N. Somayaji says, "there can hardly be a [Hindu] home [in India] which does not house an idol of Ganapati. [..] Ganapati, being the most popular deity in India, is worshipped by almost all castes and in all parts of the country". Devotees believe that if Ganesha is propitiated, he grants success, prosperity and protection against adversity.
Ganesha is a non-sectarian deity, and Hindus of all denominations invoke him at the beginning of prayers, important undertakings, and religious ceremonies. Dancers and musicians, particularly in southern India, begin performances of arts such as the Bharatnatyam dance with a prayer to Ganesha. Mantras such as Om Shri Gaṇeshāya Namah (Om, salutation to the Illustrious Ganesha) are often used. One of the most famous mantras associated with Ganesha is Om Gaṃ Ganapataye Namah (Om, Gaṃ, Salutation to the Lord of Hosts).
Devotees offer Ganesha sweets such as modaka and small sweet balls (laddus). He is often shown carrying a bowl of sweets, called a modakapātra. Because of his identification with the color red, he is often worshipped with red sandalwood paste (raktacandana) or red flowers. Dūrvā grass (Cynodon dactylon) and other materials are also used in his worship.
Festivals associated with Ganesh are Ganesh Chaturthi or Vināyaka chaturthī in the śuklapakṣa (the fourth day of the waxing moon) in the month of bhādrapada (August/September) and the Gaṇeśa jayanti (Gaṇeśa's birthday) celebrated on the cathurthī of the śuklapakṣa (fourth day of the waxing moon) in the month of māgha (January/February)."
GANESH CHATURTI
An annual festival honours Ganesha for ten days, starting on Ganesha Chaturthi, which typically falls in late August or early September. The festival begins with people bringing in clay idols of Ganesha, symbolising Ganesha's visit. The festival culminates on the day of Ananta Chaturdashi, when idols (murtis) of Ganesha are immersed in the most convenient body of water. Some families have a tradition of immersion on the 2nd, 3rd, 5th, or 7th day. In 1893, Lokmanya Tilak transformed this annual Ganesha festival from private family celebrations into a grand public event. He did so "to bridge the gap between the Brahmins and the non-Brahmins and find an appropriate context in which to build a new grassroots unity between them" in his nationalistic strivings against the British in Maharashtra. Because of Ganesha's wide appeal as "the god for Everyman", Tilak chose him as a rallying point for Indian protest against British rule. Tilak was the first to install large public images of Ganesha in pavilions, and he established the practice of submerging all the public images on the tenth day. Today, Hindus across India celebrate the Ganapati festival with great fervour, though it is most popular in the state of Maharashtra. The festival also assumes huge proportions in Mumbai, Pune, and in the surrounding belt of Ashtavinayaka temples.
TEMPLES
In Hindu temples, Ganesha is depicted in various ways: as an acolyte or subordinate deity (pãrśva-devatã); as a deity related to the principal deity (parivāra-devatã); or as the principal deity of the temple (pradhāna), treated similarly as the highest gods of the Hindu pantheon. As the god of transitions, he is placed at the doorway of many Hindu temples to keep out the unworthy, which is analogous to his role as Parvati’s doorkeeper. In addition, several shrines are dedicated to Ganesha himself, of which the Ashtavinayak (lit. "eight Ganesha (shrines)") in Maharashtra are particularly well known. Located within a 100-kilometer radius of the city of Pune, each of these eight shrines celebrates a particular form of Ganapati, complete with its own lore and legend. The eight shrines are: Morgaon, Siddhatek, Pali, Mahad, Theur, Lenyadri, Ozar and Ranjangaon.
There are many other important Ganesha temples at the following locations: Wai in Maharashtra; Ujjain in Madhya Pradesh; Jodhpur, Nagaur and Raipur (Pali) in Rajasthan; Baidyanath in Bihar; Baroda, Dholaka, and Valsad in Gujarat and Dhundiraj Temple in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh. Prominent Ganesha temples in southern India include the following: Kanipakam in Chittoor; the Jambukeśvara Temple at Tiruchirapalli; at Rameshvaram and Suchindram in Tamil Nadu; at Malliyur, Kottarakara, Pazhavangadi, Kasargod in Kerala, Hampi, and Idagunji in Karnataka; and Bhadrachalam in Andhra Pradesh.
T. A. Gopinatha notes, "Every village however small has its own image of Vighneśvara (Vigneshvara) with or without a temple to house it in. At entrances of villages and forts, below pīpaḹa (Sacred fig) trees [...], in a niche [...] in temples of Viṣṇu (Vishnu) as well as Śiva (Shiva) and also in separate shrines specially constructed in Śiva temples [...]; the figure of Vighneśvara is invariably seen." Ganesha temples have also been built outside of India, including southeast Asia, Nepal (including the four Vinayaka shrines in the Kathmandu valley), and in several western countries.
RISE TO PROMINENCE
FIRST APEARANCE
Ganesha appeared in his classic form as a clearly recognizable deity with well-defined iconographic attributes in the early 4th to 5th centuries. Shanti Lal Nagar says that the earliest known iconic image of Ganesha is in the niche of the Shiva temple at Bhumra, which has been dated to the Gupta period. His independent cult appeared by about the 10th century. Narain summarizes the controversy between devotees and academics regarding the development of Ganesha as follows:
What is inscrutable is the somewhat dramatic appearance of Gaņeśa on the historical scene. His antecedents are not clear. His wide acceptance and popularity, which transcend sectarian and territorial limits, are indeed amazing. On the one hand there is the pious belief of the orthodox devotees in Gaņeśa's Vedic origins and in the Purāṇic explanations contained in the confusing, but nonetheless interesting, mythology. On the other hand there are doubts about the existence of the idea and the icon of this deity" before the fourth to fifth century A.D. ... [I]n my opinion, indeed there is no convincing evidence of the existence of this divinity prior to the fifth century.
POSSIBLE INFLUENCES
Courtright reviews various speculative theories about the early history of Ganesha, including supposed tribal traditions and animal cults, and dismisses all of them in this way:
In the post 600 BC period there is evidence of people and places named after the animal. The motif appears on coins and sculptures.
Thapan's book on the development of Ganesha devotes a chapter to speculations about the role elephants had in early India but concludes that, "although by the second century CE the elephant-headed yakṣa form exists it cannot be presumed to represent Gaṇapati-Vināyaka. There is no evidence of a deity by this name having an elephant or elephant-headed form at this early stage. Gaṇapati-Vināyaka had yet to make his debut."
One theory of the origin of Ganesha is that he gradually came to prominence in connection with the four Vinayakas (Vināyakas). In Hindu mythology, the Vināyakas were a group of four troublesome demons who created obstacles and difficulties but who were easily propitiated. The name Vināyaka is a common name for Ganesha both in the Purāṇas and in Buddhist Tantras. Krishan is one of the academics who accepts this view, stating flatly of Ganesha, "He is a non-vedic god. His origin is to be traced to the four Vināyakas, evil spirits, of the Mānavagŗhyasūtra (7th–4th century BCE) who cause various types of evil and suffering". Depictions of elephant-headed human figures, which some identify with Ganesha, appear in Indian art and coinage as early as the 2nd century. According to Ellawala, the elephant-headed Ganesha as lord of the Ganas was known to the people of Sri Lanka in the early pre-Christian era.
A metal plate depiction of Ganesha had been discovered in 1993, in Iran, it dated back to 1,200 BCE. Another one was discovered much before, in Lorestan Province of Iran.
First Ganesha's terracotta images are from 1st century CE found in Ter, Pal, Verrapuram and Chandraketugarh. These figures are small, with elephant head, two arms, and chubby physique. The earliest Ganesha icons in stone were carved in Mathura during Kushan times (2nd-3rd centuries CE).
VEDIC AND EPIC LITERATURE
The title "Leader of the group" (Sanskrit: gaṇapati) occurs twice in the Rig Veda, but in neither case does it refer to the modern Ganesha. The term appears in RV 2.23.1 as a title for Brahmanaspati, according to commentators. While this verse doubtless refers to Brahmanaspati, it was later adopted for worship of Ganesha and is still used today. In rejecting any claim that this passage is evidence of Ganesha in the Rig Veda, Ludo Rocher says that it "clearly refers to Bṛhaspati—who is the deity of the hymn—and Bṛhaspati only". Equally clearly, the second passage (RV 10.112.9) refers to Indra, who is given the epithet 'gaṇapati', translated "Lord of the companies (of the Maruts)." However, Rocher notes that the more recent Ganapatya literature often quotes the Rigvedic verses to give Vedic respectability to Ganesha .
Two verses in texts belonging to Black Yajurveda, Maitrāyaṇīya Saṃhitā (2.9.1) and Taittirīya Āraṇyaka (10.1), appeal to a deity as "the tusked one" (Dantiḥ), "elephant-faced" (Hastimukha), and "with a curved trunk" (Vakratuņḍa). These names are suggestive of Ganesha, and the 14th century commentator Sayana explicitly establishes this identification. The description of Dantin, possessing a twisted trunk (vakratuṇḍa) and holding a corn-sheaf, a sugar cane, and a club, is so characteristic of the Puranic Ganapati that Heras says "we cannot resist to accept his full identification with this Vedic Dantin". However, Krishan considers these hymns to be post-Vedic additions. Thapan reports that these passages are "generally considered to have been interpolated". Dhavalikar says, "the references to the elephant-headed deity in the Maitrāyaṇī Saṃhitā have been proven to be very late interpolations, and thus are not very helpful for determining the early formation of the deity".
Ganesha does not appear in Indian epic literature that is dated to the Vedic period. A late interpolation to the epic poem Mahabharata says that the sage Vyasa (Vyāsa) asked Ganesha to serve as his scribe to transcribe the poem as he dictated it to him. Ganesha agreed but only on condition that Vyasa recite the poem uninterrupted, that is, without pausing. The sage agreed, but found that to get any rest he needed to recite very complex passages so Ganesha would have to ask for clarifications. The story is not accepted as part of the original text by the editors of the critical edition of the Mahabharata, in which the twenty-line story is relegated to a footnote in an appendix. The story of Ganesha acting as the scribe occurs in 37 of the 59 manuscripts consulted during preparation of the critical edition. Ganesha's association with mental agility and learning is one reason he is shown as scribe for Vyāsa's dictation of the Mahabharata in this interpolation. Richard L. Brown dates the story to the 8th century, and Moriz Winternitz concludes that it was known as early as c. 900, but it was not added to the Mahabharata some 150 years later. Winternitz also notes that a distinctive feature in South Indian manuscripts of the Mahabharata is their omission of this Ganesha legend. The term vināyaka is found in some recensions of the Śāntiparva and Anuśāsanaparva that are regarded as interpolations. A reference to Vighnakartṛīṇām ("Creator of Obstacles") in Vanaparva is also believed to be an interpolation and does not appear in the critical edition.
PURANIC PERIOD
Stories about Ganesha often occur in the Puranic corpus. Brown notes while the Puranas "defy precise chronological ordering", the more detailed narratives of Ganesha's life are in the late texts, c. 600–1300. Yuvraj Krishan says that the Puranic myths about the birth of Ganesha and how he acquired an elephant's head are in the later Puranas, which were composed from c. 600 onwards. He elaborates on the matter to say that references to Ganesha in the earlier Puranas, such as the Vayu and Brahmanda Puranas, are later interpolations made during the 7th to 10th centuries.
In his survey of Ganesha's rise to prominence in Sanskrit literature, Ludo Rocher notes that:
Above all, one cannot help being struck by the fact that the numerous stories surrounding Gaṇeśa concentrate on an unexpectedly limited number of incidents. These incidents are mainly three: his birth and parenthood, his elephant head, and his single tusk. Other incidents are touched on in the texts, but to a far lesser extent.
Ganesha's rise to prominence was codified in the 9th century, when he was formally included as one of the five primary deities of Smartism. The 9th-century philosopher Adi Shankara popularized the "worship of the five forms" (Panchayatana puja) system among orthodox Brahmins of the Smarta tradition. This worship practice invokes the five deities Ganesha, Vishnu, Shiva, Devi, and Surya. Adi Shankara instituted the tradition primarily to unite the principal deities of these five major sects on an equal status. This formalized the role of Ganesha as a complementary deity.
SCRIPTURES
Once Ganesha was accepted as one of the five principal deities of Brahmanism, some Brahmins (brāhmaṇas) chose to worship Ganesha as their principal deity. They developed the Ganapatya tradition, as seen in the Ganesha Purana and the Mudgala Purana.
The date of composition for the Ganesha Purana and the Mudgala Purana - and their dating relative to one another - has sparked academic debate. Both works were developed over time and contain age-layered strata. Anita Thapan reviews comments about dating and provides her own judgement. "It seems likely that the core of the Ganesha Purana appeared around the twelfth and thirteenth centuries", she says, "but was later interpolated." Lawrence W. Preston considers the most reasonable date for the Ganesha Purana to be between 1100 and 1400, which coincides with the apparent age of the sacred sites mentioned by the text.
R.C. Hazra suggests that the Mudgala Purana is older than the Ganesha Purana, which he dates between 1100 and 1400. However, Phyllis Granoff finds problems with this relative dating and concludes that the Mudgala Purana was the last of the philosophical texts concerned with Ganesha. She bases her reasoning on the fact that, among other internal evidence, the Mudgala Purana specifically mentions the Ganesha Purana as one of the four Puranas (the Brahma, the Brahmanda, the Ganesha, and the Mudgala Puranas) which deal at length with Ganesha. While the kernel of the text must be old, it was interpolated until the 17th and 18th centuries as the worship of Ganapati became more important in certain regions. Another highly regarded scripture, the Ganapati Atharvashirsa, was probably composed during the 16th or 17th centuries.
BEYOND INDIA AND HINDUISM
Commercial and cultural contacts extended India's influence in western and southeast Asia. Ganesha is one of a number of Hindu deities who reached foreign lands as a result.
Ganesha was particularly worshipped by traders and merchants, who went out of India for commercial ventures. From approximately the 10th century onwards, new networks of exchange developed including the formation of trade guilds and a resurgence of money circulation. During this time, Ganesha became the principal deity associated with traders. The earliest inscription invoking Ganesha before any other deity is associated with the merchant community.
Hindus migrated to Maritime Southeast Asia and took their culture, including Ganesha, with them. Statues of Ganesha are found throughout the region, often beside Shiva sanctuaries. The forms of Ganesha found in Hindu art of Java, Bali, and Borneo show specific regional influences. The spread of Hindu culture to southeast Asia established Ganesha in modified forms in Burma, Cambodia, and Thailand. In Indochina, Hinduism and Buddhism were practiced side by side, and mutual influences can be seen in the iconography of Ganesha in the region. In Thailand, Cambodia, and among the Hindu classes of the Chams in Vietnam, Ganesha was mainly thought of as a remover of obstacles. Today in Buddhist Thailand, Ganesha is regarded as a remover of obstacles, the god of success.
Before the arrival of Islam, Afghanistan had close cultural ties with India, and the adoration of both Hindu and Buddhist deities was practiced. Examples of sculptures from the 5th to the 7th centuries have survived, suggesting that the worship of Ganesha was then in vogue in the region.
Ganesha appears in Mahayana Buddhism, not only in the form of the Buddhist god Vināyaka, but also as a Hindu demon form with the same name. His image appears in Buddhist sculptures during the late Gupta period. As the Buddhist god Vināyaka, he is often shown dancing. This form, called Nṛtta Ganapati, was popular in northern India, later adopted in Nepal, and then in Tibet. In Nepal, the Hindu form of Ganesha, known as Heramba, is popular; he has five heads and rides a lion. Tibetan representations of Ganesha show ambivalent views of him. A Tibetan rendering of Ganapati is tshogs bdag. In one Tibetan form, he is shown being trodden under foot by Mahākāla, (Shiva) a popular Tibetan deity. Other depictions show him as the Destroyer of Obstacles, and sometimes dancing. Ganesha appears in China and Japan in forms that show distinct regional character. In northern China, the earliest known stone statue of Ganesha carries an inscription dated to 531. In Japan, where Ganesha is known as Kangiten, the Ganesha cult was first mentioned in 806.
The canonical literature of Jainism does not mention the worship of Ganesha. However, Ganesha is worshipped by most Jains, for whom he appears to have taken over certain functions of Kubera. Jain connections with the trading community support the idea that Jainism took up Ganesha worship as a result of commercial connections. The earliest known Jain Ganesha statue dates to about the 9th century. A 15th-century Jain text lists procedures for the installation of Ganapati images. Images of Ganesha appear in the Jain temples of Rajasthan and Gujarat.
WIKIPEDIA
Relax. Chill out. Literally.....lol. I know. Its winter. There is snow on that seat. But maybe you can relate. With houseguests, food cooking, dishes everywhere, the sounds of little feet pitter pattering everywhere, the dog needs to go out, we're almost out of milk? UGH!! Where's the closest convenience store??!??!? And more guests showed up than expected, so now a slumber party has officially been announced, people everywhere, talking at the same time, its Christmas and the kids are all anxious, roudy, and bouncing off the walls................right about now................this seat is looking mighty peaceful.
But, I wouldnt trade a moment of all this for anything. "Tis the season, yes indeed.
Hang in there everyone.
Its fun. Keep saying that..........over and over..........LOL.
**sigh**
Merry Christmas :-)
Relates to UNDP-supported GEF-funded NAPA III project. See story 'At one with nature: Towards climate-resilient people, forests and wildlife in Bhutan 🍃’, June 2022 undp-climate.exposure.co/at-one-with-naturenbsptowards-cl...
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
PLEASE NOTE: -
“MUDA” is a singular word relating to one of the mercantile convoys sailing out of Venice each year.
“MUDE” is a plural word relating to several, or all, of the mercantile convoys sailing out of Venice each year.
27 leaves, leaf size 249mm x172mm (9 3/4ins. X 6 8/10ins.) with a text block of 172mm x 98mm (6 8/10ins. x 3 17/20ins.).
Single column, 29 lines in a superb, elegant, humanistic cursive minuscule script in black, probably all written by the same scribe. Many ascenders on the top line, and descenders on the bottom line, have been embellished.
This manuscript include two texts, the first being the Regulations of the Muda of Venice to Alexandria, and the second being the Journal of the Muda to Alexandria that set sail from Venice on 21st. May, 1504. The manuscript was probably written in that city in that year.
A FULL DESCRIPTION IS ATTACHED TO THE OVERVIEW.
Folio 5 verso (Original Folio 6 verso)
TRANSCRIPTION
(39)
que vis sit, audeat levare, vel carricare, aut levari vel carricari
facere aliquas mercationes cuius cunq conditionis existant infra Cul -
phum pro portando extra Culphum cum aliquo navigio armato, ex -
cepto auro et argento sup pena perdendi totum, qd fuerit carricatum
vel levatum in dictis navigiis armatis, de quo non potest fieri ulla
gran, vel remissio, aut predictorum revocato, sub pena dutum. C C .
pro quolibet pone te vel consentiente partem in contrarium. Et est
commisstim Cathevere, Capitaneo postarum, officialibus levantis
promisoribus Communis, et aliis officialibus contrabannorum q in -
quirant de contrafacientibus, et penas exigant habendo partem ut
de aliis sui officii : Et si fuerit accusator per quem sciatur veritas heat
medietatem, et sit de credentia : Et alia medietas dividatur inter Coe
et officiales primo invenientes.
(40).Nostri rectores qui ad eorum regimina cum aliquibus galies mercati
ire volverint, vel ab ipsis regiminibus remeare Venetias debeant cum
patronis in facto nabuli convenire quod si erit bene quidem, Alioqu
nos cum consiliariis nostris. & Capitibus de Iuadraginta p maiorem par -
tem nostrum debemus terminare quatum ipsi Rectores solvere debeant
Iam eundo q redeundo. Et si aliquis am basiator communis qui iret cum
dictis galeis vel rediret non audeat, nec debeat aliquis solvere pro
nabulo.
(41)Nullus pertonus galearum de mercato . S . Cypri. Alexandrie. Romanie
& Thane : ullo modo vel formo audeat per se vel alium recipere ut
recipi facere merces aliquas in galies sine bulleta nostrum officialium
in Venetiis, & extra Venetias sine Bulleta nostrorum Capitaneorum
sub pena libr mille parvorum pro quolibet contrafaciente, & qualibet
nice in suis propriis bonis, & ultra hoc sit primatus patronia Gale -
arum de mercato. Comiti vero : Patroni, posticii, & scribe dictarum
galeao, si contra fecerint in Levando seu levari faciendo mercatioes
Folio 5 Verso (Original Folio 6 verso)
POSSIBLE ENGLISH TRANSLATION
39. …...... want you to be, or to dare to raise or carry or make some lesser trade carrying acquisition conditions under Culphum for carrying out of Culphum with an armed boad, with the exception of gold and silver, upon pain of losing the whole of that which is carried or recovered from the vessels by the said armed men of which there can be no great number, or release of the aforesaid parts, under the penalty of the leaders 200 to put yourself in the place of any part of or with the consent of those to the contrary. And it is commissioned that Cathavere, the next captain, officer of the Levant promises the generals and other officials who, on the other hand enquire about opposing the penalties required on part of the others of his office, shall be the plaintiff, by whom it may be known, and if part of it be half of the truth, and that it be believed then the first and the other half be divided between the commune and the officials of the finding.
40. Our leaders who wish to go to their governments with their galleys or from the government for the markets must return to Venice when in fact junior patrons agree that it is indeed well, otherwise we, with our councelors, and the heads of the greater part of our dircetors must determine adequate, and they must now go and pay it back. And if anyone who was to go with the kind words of the common galleys or not dare to return then no man is bound to pay for the juniors.
41. No owners of the galleys for the markets of Cyprus, Alexandria Romania and Thane who have the capacity to operate in any way or form shall dare to be received on their own, or by any other document do without the wages of our officers in Venice and some in France, and Venice and beyond many of the small documents for any of our captains, opposed, under the penalty of the book and any of those like their own proper good men, and this is no longer the primacy of the patrons of the galleys of the market. The committee sais: the owner at the rear, and the cscribe of the said galley, if they have done well in relieving or lessening the performance of the merchants ….............
Dundalk overwhelm Bangor in All Ireland Final
by Roger Corbett
Bangor’s amazing run in the All Ireland Junior Cup came to an abrupt end when they were comprehensively beaten by Dundalk, eventually losing by 55-5.
Where do you start when trying to relate and absorb the events of Saturday’s final at Chambers Park? Firstly, congratulations to worthy winners Dundalk who nullified the Bangor attack, then went on to produce some stunning plays which racked up no less than 8 tries, each by a different player. For Bangor’s part, they were unable to respond to the intensity of Dundalk’s game, and lacked the cutting edge which their opponents used to great effect.
The day started full of promise, as the strong support from North Down made their way to Chambers Park in Portadown, knowing Bangor would be fielding their best team. Once again, the pundits had Bangor as the underdogs – just as they had done so in the previous three rounds! In confounding the experts earlier, Bangor produced some awesome performances against top quality opposition to get to the final. Dundalk had produced some convincing wins in the early rounds of the competition, but had struggled to get past CIYMS in the semi-final, just managing to squeeze ahead at the second time of asking. However, with a number of key players returning to the side in time for this game, they were now back at full strength and would be a formidable force to contend with.
Having won the toss, captain Jamie Clegg elected to play into the stiff wind in the first half. For the first 5 minutes, Bangor doggedly retained possession and tried to play their way into Dundalk’s half through a series of determined forward moves. However, little ground was made and, when possession was finally lost, the Dundalk back line produced a burst that simply cut through the Bangor defence resulting in an easy touch down under Bangor’s posts for a 7-0 lead.
Bangor stuck to their plan and slowly, but patiently, got their attack moving forward, eventually winning a penalty to the left of Dundalk’s posts, but Mark Widdowson’s kick into the wind drifted just wide of the mark.
The contrast in play between the two teams was becoming clear, with Bangor trying to keep the ball close while Dundalk were throwing it wide. The latter strategy was proving to be the more effective as, with 20 minutes gone, a quick back line move with players looping around resulted in an overlap on the right wing which gave a clear run in to again, score under the posts. A further 9 minutes later, they did it again and, although the Bangor defence had sensed the danger and moved across to cover it, their tackling let them down allowing Dundalk to get over in the right hand corner, taking their lead to 19-0.
By now, Bangor were trying to hang on until half time when they could regroup and come out with the wind at their backs. Dundalk, on the other hand were anxious to press home their advantage and give them a more comfortable lead. To Bangor’s credit, although camped on their own line for lengthy spells, they dug in and managed to hold on until the referee’s half time whistle.
As the teams reappeared from the dressing rooms, it was obvious Bangor were ringing the changes, particularly in the backs. With the wind advantage having lessened considerably, Bangor got the second half underway. It was now Dundalk’s turn to adopt the slow, steady approach, just as Bangor had done earlier. However, their more confident off-loading and support play was, once again, taking play deep into Bangor’s territory. Frustration at not being able to gain possession and take play out of their danger area eventually resulted in a yellow card for Clegg after a succession of penalties. Dundalk kicked the penalty to touch, won their lineout and drove for the line. Although initially held up by the Bangor defence, Dundalk’s repeated drives were eventually rewarded with another converted score, extending their lead to 26-0.
From the touchline, the Bangor faithful had felt that if their players had managed to score first in the second half, they may have been able to mount a fight-back and close the gap to their opponents. As it was, this Dundalk score simply bolstered their confidence and pushed Bangor deeper into trouble. With Bangor still a man down, Dundalk added to the score with a penalty and then another score in the corner. Everything was now working for the Leinster men, as even the difficult touchline conversion into the biting wind successfully split the posts, bringing the score to 36-0.
As the game entered the final quarter, and with Dundalk all but holding the cup, Bangor were now on the ropes. By contrast, the Dundalk players were in almost total control, and were not going to slow down now. In a 10 minute spell, they ran in a further 3 tries, making the scoreline 55-0. By now, any sense of dejection the Bangor supporters may have been feeling was now moved to feelings of sympathy for their players. However, pride was at stake and once again Bangor rallied as the game entered its final minutes. At last, the forwards got within striking distance of the Dundalk line and, although their repeated attacks were repelled, they finally managed to do what their opponents had done so effectively, and quickly passed the ball wide to Davy Charles. Even though they were 55 points ahead, the Dundalk defence made Charles work hard to drive through the tackles and score Bangor’s consolation try, bringing the final score to 55-5.
From Bangor’s point of view, the final score doesn’t tell the whole story of this competition. While the final may have resulted in a sad anti-climax for Bangor, the remarkable journey to get there will be remembered for some time. On the day, Dundalk were by far the better side, and Bangor would have to concede that their game was not up to the usual standard. However, there is no doubt the experience of competing at this level is something to relish and the goal now will be to secure a top four place in the league and try again next year.
Everybody at the club has nothing but the highest respect and praise for what has been achieved this year by not just the 1sts, but all the senior teams, and one poor result isn’t going to change that – the welcome at Upritchard Park for the returning players is testament to that. With that in mind, the players now need to put this disappointment behind them and provide the best possible response against a struggling Portadown side at home in the league next Saturday.
Bangor side: J Leary, A Jackson, P Whyte, F Black, G Irvine, R Latimer, J Clegg, C Stewart, R Armstrong, K Rosson, D Charles, M Aspley, M Weir, M Widdowson, C Morgan
Subs: S Irvine, O McIlmurray, D Kelly, M Rodgers, C Harper, D Fusco, M Thompson
Bangor scores: D Charles (1T)
Dundalk Storm To Title Dundalk 55 v Bangor 5 from KnockOn.ie
Dundalk Scorers: Christopher Scully, Owen McNally, Jonathan Williams, John Smyth, Ultan Murphy, Tiernan Gonnelly, James McConnon and Stephen Murphy 1 try each. Ultan Murphy 6 cons, 1 pen.
Bangor Scorers: David Charles 1 try.
In front of a big crowd at Chambers Park on Saturday afternoon Dundalk delivered a stunning and ruthless display to see off the challenge of Bangor and capture the All Ireland Junior Cup title for the very first time.
Three first half tries had them firmly in control at 19-0 ahead having played with the elements at the Portadown venue during the first half and while the wind dropped somewhat after half time the Dundalk intensity most certainly didn’t as they cut loose scoring five more tries.
Dundalk returned to a heroes welcome at their Mill Road clubhouse on Saturday night after a display of pure brilliance throughout the afternoon.
Precision, pace and skill from the Louth men from start to finish left Bangor playing second fiddle for long periods.
I Love Russia ! Not only the traditions and unique “know-how” relates “Raketa” and “Tupolev”, but also a strong relationship with a Russian history and the opportunity to position itself as the native Russian brand. «Tupolev» is Russia’s largest aircraft designer and manufacturer. They produce, test and sustain aircrafts designed for the Russian Aerospace Force and civilian use. The Tupolev bureau is also a key actor in technological research and development, contributing to keep ahead the Russian Aerospace industry.
The watch Raketa «Pilot TU-160» is based on the 24h mechanism «Raketa Avtomat» calibre 2624. The central topic of the watch has become the image of the missile carrier “TU-160” on the dial. This concept was created by the designers of the Petrodvorets watch factory and engineers of Tupolev bureau. The hands and dial are coated with luminox so it is possible to check time in any extreme conditions or at night.
Packaging may slightly differ in reality.
raketa-shop.com/en/raketa-tu-160-for-pilots/74-pilot-tu-1... Russian pilot watch designed by Tupolev engineers for TU-160 pilots - With a 24 hour dial, this pilot watch is equipped with the legendary Raketa automatic movement ! This time piece is a reference in the Russian air and space industry. Raketa ''TU-160'' - for pilots Movement: Automatic movement, Water resistant: 20 АТМ, Crystal: Sapphire, Case size: 43х11 mm, Gender: Man, Strap type: Genuine leather, Size of the strap: 22 mm, Movement Type: Avtomat 24 hours, Wrist size: 145 - 200 mm Главная, - Raketa watches since 1961, Watches, Raketa ''TU-160'' - for pilots, 24h Russian Watches, Russian Pilot watches, 24 hour dials watches raketa-shop.com/2334/pilot-tu-160.jpg raketa-shop.com/2326/pilot-tu-160.jpg raketa-shop.com/2325/pilot-tu-160.jpg raketa-shop.com/2327/pilot-tu-160.jpg raketa-shop.com/2328/pilot-tu-160.jpg raketa-shop.com/2329/pilot-tu-160.jpg raketa-shop.com/2330/pilot-tu-160.jpg raketa-shop.com/2331/pilot-tu-160.jpg raketa-shop.com/2332/pilot-tu-160.jpg raketa-shop.com/2333/pilot-tu-160.jpg raketa-shop.com/2335/pilot-tu-160.jpg raketa-shop.com/2324/pilot-tu-160.jpg raketa-shop.com/2323/pilot-tu-160.jpg
I've posted this academic on Flickr because it seems to me that her expertise and interest relate so directly to the current problems of land use faced by Greece, and other countries blighted by misuse of land, sea and shore. Her interests from the URLs below are:
Environmental/Energy/Economic Planning and Policy Analysis
Integrated Economic/Environmental/Energy Modeling
Environmental Conflict Resolution, Mediation, and Negotiation
Tourism and the Environment, Sustainable Tourism Development
Planning Theory and Decision Making
Planning Methods (Demographic, Economic, Evaluation, Integrated Models)
Multicriteria Analysis and Evaluation
www.aegean.gr/geography/english/people/briassouli_cv.htm
www.rri.wvu.edu/WebBook/Briassoulis/contactinformation.htm
And look at just a sample of the kind of things she writes about, in academic journals, for policy reports and in practitioner journals:
'Land use policy and planning, theorizing, and modeling: Lost in translation, found in complexity?' Environment and Planning B (forthcoming).
'The institutional complexity of environmental policy and planning problems: The example of Mediterranean Desertification', Journal of Environmental Planning and Management (2003)
'The "commons" – Resources of collective ownership and collective responsibility: Concepts, problems and the question of their management'. Aeichoros (2003).
'Golf and tourism: The invisible sides of the moon'. Geografies (2003, forthcoming). (in Greek)
'Crete: Endowed by nature, privileged by geography, threatened by tourism?'. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, Vol. 11, No. 2&3 (2003, forthcoming).
'Sustainable tourism and the question of the commons'. Annals of Tourism Research Vol. 29, No. 4 (2002).
'Sustainable development and its indicators: Through a (planner’s) glass darkly'. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, Vol. 44, No.3, 2001
'Policy-oriented integrated analysis of land use change: An analysis of data needs'. Environmental Management, Vol. 26, No. 2 (2001).
(with J. Papazoglou and G. Bonanos) 'Risk Informed Decision Making in Land Use Planning' Journal of Risk Research 3(1): 69-92 (2000).
'Tourism and biodiversity: Impacts and issues', European Nature, No.3: 3, November 1999.
'Who plans whose sustainability? Alternative roles for planners'. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, Vol. 42, No.6, 1999.
'Sustainable development and the informal sector: An uneasy relationship?', Journal of Environment and Development
Meanwhile the Athens News Agency has a report in my regular digest of stories from Greece [No.2975, 6 Oct 2007]:
[33] Agriculture ministry promises tough action against crooked forestry official
Deputy Agriculture Minister Costas Kiltidis on Thursday pledged that the ministry will closely monitor the case of senior forestry service official Panagiotis Kanellopoulos - who currently faces a charge of bribery - and stressed that the ministry would not allow 'even a whisper' of suspicion regarding the existence of corrupt transactions in the forestry department. 'What must at last prevail is the morality of responsibility' Kiltidis said, adding that the response of the authorities would be 'ruthless in every direction'.
He was answering a question raised by main opposition PASOK MP Theodoros Pangalos in Parliament, who pointed out that Kanellopoulos had already been granted two postponements in the hearing of the case against him.
According to Pangalos, the whole Markopoulos area where Kanellopoulos served as head of the local forestry service was 'abuzz' with his activities. 'He operated in two ways: either by removing the designation of land as forested or public land and acknowledging it as private land, in return for bribes, or by blackmailing and raising issues that land was forested that he finally gave freely to be converted into building lots in order to earn money,' Pangalos claimed.
The MP further noted that the accused and a team that quite likely assisted him were rumoured to have earned huge sums in this manner, while pointing out that Kanellopoulos had a highly luxurious residence and lived in a 'scandalous' manner.
Pangalos also commented on the fact that the same forestry official had let it be known that he was extremely highly connected and could expect support, and that his brother was a trade unionist that was very well known at the agriculture ministry.
'I am not suggesting that this constitutes some sort of responsibility but it is undoubtedly an interesting dimension that must be treated carefully. It would be better if postponements of his trial did not continue,' the MP added.
Kiltidis noted that the forestry official was being prosecuted by justice and through internal disciplinary proceedings and that the Public Administration Inspectors and Comptrollers Corps had been called in to investigate any cases that Kanellopoulos had handled.
Thanking Pangalos for his question, he said that the entire government and leadership of the ministry were determined to uphold the law, according to the prime minister's orders.
Kanellopoulos was arrested on September 24 after he accepted a bribe of 5,000 euros in pre-marked notes from a woman to give a favourable opinion in a property case concerning her husband.
I am quoting this material because this is not just a Greek problem. The market for Greek land is global. I, with my love for Greece, and our property ownership in Corfu am among the millions of those who consume the dream of 'a place in the sun'. It seemed to me, being only partially frivolous, that this juxtaposition of an academic expert clearly committed to implementing rational and progressive land use policies in Greece with a corrupt forestry official accused of taking bribes from those who want to build on land intended for trees, echoes the familiar tension that has run through modern Greek history since the War of Independence, between klephts and constitutionalists. My apologies if this is an offensive analogy but it was the one that occurred to me. How i would like to see a conversation between forestry official Panagiotis Kanellopoulos (not to be mistaken for the Greek statesman of the same name) and academic Professor Helen Briasouli. What could they say to one another? It is an impossible conversation - and has been for a long time.
You rather have a loose pussy hoe over a virgin? Okay lol 😕. #InspirationalQuotes #GirlQuotes #Quotes #TeenageLife #LifeQuotes #BeautifulQuotes #RelationshipQuotes #SuccessQuotes #DontGiveUp #PositiveQuotes #TeenQuotes #WomenQuotes #Follow4follow #Adult #Love #Forever #LDR #LongDistanceRelationship #S4S #Relateable #Allgirls #Repost #beyonce #nickiminaj #nofuckingchill - _relate.quotess
"I now wish to relate the history of Zarathustra. The fundamental idea of the work, the Eternal Recurrence, the highest formula of a life affirmation that can ever be attained was first conceived in the month of August 1881. I made a note of the idea on a sheet of paper with the postscript: "Six thousand feet beyond man and time”. That day I happened to be wandering through the woods beside the Lake of Silvaplana and I halted not far from Surlei beside a huge pyramidal block of stone. It was then that the thought struck me. Looking back now I find that exactly two months before this inspiration I had an omen of its coming in the form of a sudden and decisive change in my tastes—more particularly in music. The whole of Zarathustra might perhaps be regarded as music." F.Nietzsche Ecce Homo
The Eternal Recurrence stone
Silvaplana, Engadin/Segl, in the district of Maloja in the Swiss canton of Graubünden.
This is where the german philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche penned part of his widely acclaimed work, "Thus Spoke Zarathustra". It was his favourite place, a place for free spirits.
Lomo Diana F+
(another pictures you can see by clicking on the link at the end of page!)
The history of Vienna's Christmas market
The assumption, forerunners of the Viennese Christmas market had been held for more than 600 years ago, is not true. In the year 1382, to which these assumptions relate, renewed Duke Albrecht III only the market law of the City of Vienna. This allowed, among other things, the holding of fairs, which took place 14 days before and after Christ's ascension, and 14 days before and after St. Kathrein (November 25). These markets, however, were not related with the celebration of Christmas.
In medieval Vienna, there was no Christmas markets. The urban settlements from this period have no income and expenditure in such a context. The invoices from the 17th Century exist only patchy.
Therefore no reliable date can be specified for the first occurrence of Christmas markets. Records from 1600 show that cabins on the trench (Graben) and on the fire place (Brandstätte), ie before Sankt Stephan, on 9 January have been dismantled and on 16 and 17 December re-erected. This market bore the name "Thomas market". In these stalls Peckn (Baker), gingerbread maker and Zuggerpacher (confectioners) offered their goods. These stands were found around Christmas time in the area Graben - Stephansplatz to the year in 1761. Then, this market was closed.
First mentioned in 1722
Already in 1722 found a on Freyung held "St. Nicholas, Christmas and Nativity market" mention. Since at the same time was a regular market there, conflicts between the state holders of the one and the other market in 1842 led to the tentative relocation of Nicholas and Christmas market on the square Am Hof. This relocation was definitely 1843, each time on the 5th December, the 132 cribs market stalls were set up and remained standing until the New Year.
End of Fairs
1872 the old Viennese markets were closed by a decision of the council, as they had lost their original meaning in the modern city. The exception was the Christmas Market. 1903, the 128 stands were renewed and received first electric lighting.
First and Second World War
A difficult time for the now regular "Christkindlmarkt" named event began with the First World War. In 1923 it was held again on the Freyung, 1924-1928 modest extent before the Stephansdom. From 1929 on the Neubaugürtel - above the Hesserdenkmals (Monument) - relocated, the Christmas market came 1938 on the Am Hof square back. During the Christmas time of 1943 once again the Stephansplatz was its location. Then the fast to the city approaching and across moving war prevented its holding. At Christmas 1946, a new start on the square before the Trade Fair Palace was attempted.
Last Location Town Square
1949 the Christmas Market moved back to the Neubaugürtel, where he remained until 1957. Then again held before the Trade Fair Palace, failed in 1963 an attempt to establish the Christkindlmarkt as a counterpart to fasting market in the Kalvarienberggasse in the 17th district. 1975 had to be found an alternative venue because of the construction of the underground car park in front of the Messepalast (trade fair palace). First, temporarily set up at the town hall square, soon the combination of the Christmas market and the "Magic of Advent" in both sides of the adjacent City Hall Park created such a moody atmosphere that this location for years to come seems certain for the Christmas market.
Historic documents relating to the German immigration to British Kaffraria in the 1850's, photographed in the Courtenay-Latimer Hall at the East London Museum, Eastern Cape, South Africa on July 7, 2008. Letter to Johann Friedrich Philipp Humpel, a German Settler who settled in Keiskammahoek, ordering him to take up title for the land allocated to him. Dated October 13, 1865.
together with papers undelivered at UN FAIR not held in TORONTO, CANADA January 28th, 1984 to which is appended A CORRESPONDENCE relating to UN FAIR & L'AFFAIRE ''PATAPHYSIQUE.
edited by bpNichol.
Toronto, Writers In Support Of Alphabet Archaeology, march 1985. 1oo copies issued as grOnk Final Series 5.
8-1/2 x 11, 67 sheets white xerographic bond in light blue mayfair card covers & clear acetate front cover overlay, all except acetate verso, inside covers & 15 int.pp printed black photocopy, all 19-hole rectangular-punched for 1/2" black cerlox strip binding.
cover graphic by Janine Mather.
12 contributors ID'd:
Michael Collins, Michael Dean, B.Dedora, Adrian Fortesque, Janine Mather, Steve McCaffery, Lleddir Nhah-Nhaj, bpNichol, David Penhale, Steven Smith, Richard Truhlar, Gaylord Wordsmith III.
Nichol contributes:
i) A Brief Introduction (p.1)
ii) DIGGING UP THE PAS T (pp.21-39; essay also includes:
–iii. "roads as energy accelerators & decelerators" (p.23, footnote 1; detail of Nichol's map "Ram Da In Winnipeg Our Esy Mapfrom Probable Systems 18)
–iv. "detail from the as yet unpublished Probable Systems 34" (p.24, footnote 3; weather map captioned "Feb 20 - 4 H's sighted")
–v. [Probable Systems 9. alternative version] (p.29; with brief introduction in footnote 7))
vi) "happy & sad laughing" (poem quoted in full in (xvii) below)
vii) DELEGATES' TABLE AT SYMPOSIUM, prose caption for photograph by Michael Collins (p.91; (xx) below)
viii) STEVEN R. SMITH I ADDRESSES THE SYMPOSIUM, prose caption for photograph by Michael Collins (p.91; (xxi) below)
ix) CHAIRMAN MICHAEL DEAN ADDRESSES THE SYMPOSIUM, prose caption for photograph by Michael Collins (p.92; (xxii) below)
x) DELEGATE FROM MELBOURNE, PHILLIP MvKENNA, MAKES TELLING POINT TO SURPRISED SYMPOPSIUM ATTENDEES, prose caption to photograph by Michael Collins (p.92; (xxiii) below)
xi) ATTENDEES, prose caption to photograph by Michael Collins (p.93; (xxiv) below)
xii) HONOURABLE RICHARD SHAPCOTT PICKETS THE CONVENTION, prose caption for photograph by Michael Collins (p.93; (xxv) below)
xiii) FROM THE FERNISS OF HISTORY Proto-Fern Texts: Windows on Meaning a sketch towards Probable Systems 38 (pp.113-121; in 2 prose intoductions & 5 graphics:
–1. "I would like to say, to begin with, that my purpose in being here is only"
–2. Addendum: March 1985
–3. [Proto-Fern Text 1]
–4. [Proto-Fern Text 2]
–5. [Proto-Fern Text 3]
–6. [Proto-Fern Text 4]
–7. [Proto-Fern Text 5])
xiv) "100 copies printed" (p.134; prose colophon)
also includes:
xv) An Introduction from the Chair, by Michael Dean (pp.3-6; prose includes a 2-sentence quote attributed to Nichol as from an interview in Lingua Quo Tendis 1:3, 198o, & a further partial quote from "later in the same interview")
xvi) THE SYMPOSIUM OF LINGUISTIC ONTO-GENETICS Toronto, Canada November 20, 21, 1981 Schedule of Events, by [Michael Dean?]
xvii) THE PERSEUS PROJECT: PALEOGORGONIZATION AND THE SEXUAL LIFE OF FOSSILS, by Steve McCaffery (pp.67-78; essay quotes Nichol's "happy & sad laughing" ((vi) above) in full with commentary on its quotient of sexo-cryptonymic fossil infiltration)
xviii) THE ALPHABET SPEAKS, by Janine Mather (pp.79-84; essay references Nichol's Digging Up The Past T)
xix) The Delegates, primarily by Michael Dean (with Adrian Fortesque, Steve McCaffery, Lleddir Nhah-Nhaj, David Penhale, Steven R.Smith, Richard Truhlar; pp.85-9o; in 9 parts, with part
–1. bpNichol, by Michael Dean)
xx) DELEGATES' TABLE AT SYMPOSIUM, by Michael Collins/caption by Nichol (p.91; photograph (vii) above; group portrait oncludes Nichol)
xxi) STEVEN R. SMITH I ADDRESSES THE SYMPOSIUM, by Michael Collins/caption by Nichol (p.91; photograph ; (viii) above)
xxii) CHAIRMAN MICHAEL DEAN ADDRESSES THE SYMPOSIUM, by Michael Collins/caption by Nichol (p.92; photograph (ix) above)
x) DELEGATE FROM MELBOURNE, PHILLIP MvKENNA, MAKES TELLING POINT TO SURPRISED SYMPOPSIUM ATTENDEES, by Michael Collins/caption by Nichol (p.92; photograph (x) above)
xi) ATTENDEES, by Michael Collins/caption by Nichol (p.93; photograph (xi) above)
xii) HONOURABLE RICHARD SHAPCOTT PICKETS THE CONVENTION, by Michael Collins/caption by Nichol (p.93; photograph (xii) above)
___________________________
• Nichol's Digging Up The Pas T is here printed from the same set of masters as the original separate edition without corrections & lacks the Errata that accompanied its first release
Dundalk overwhelm Bangor in All Ireland Final
by Roger Corbett
Bangor’s amazing run in the All Ireland Junior Cup came to an abrupt end when they were comprehensively beaten by Dundalk, eventually losing by 55-5.
Where do you start when trying to relate and absorb the events of Saturday’s final at Chambers Park? Firstly, congratulations to worthy winners Dundalk who nullified the Bangor attack, then went on to produce some stunning plays which racked up no less than 8 tries, each by a different player. For Bangor’s part, they were unable to respond to the intensity of Dundalk’s game, and lacked the cutting edge which their opponents used to great effect.
The day started full of promise, as the strong support from North Down made their way to Chambers Park in Portadown, knowing Bangor would be fielding their best team. Once again, the pundits had Bangor as the underdogs – just as they had done so in the previous three rounds! In confounding the experts earlier, Bangor produced some awesome performances against top quality opposition to get to the final. Dundalk had produced some convincing wins in the early rounds of the competition, but had struggled to get past CIYMS in the semi-final, just managing to squeeze ahead at the second time of asking. However, with a number of key players returning to the side in time for this game, they were now back at full strength and would be a formidable force to contend with.
Having won the toss, captain Jamie Clegg elected to play into the stiff wind in the first half. For the first 5 minutes, Bangor doggedly retained possession and tried to play their way into Dundalk’s half through a series of determined forward moves. However, little ground was made and, when possession was finally lost, the Dundalk back line produced a burst that simply cut through the Bangor defence resulting in an easy touch down under Bangor’s posts for a 7-0 lead.
Bangor stuck to their plan and slowly, but patiently, got their attack moving forward, eventually winning a penalty to the left of Dundalk’s posts, but Mark Widdowson’s kick into the wind drifted just wide of the mark.
The contrast in play between the two teams was becoming clear, with Bangor trying to keep the ball close while Dundalk were throwing it wide. The latter strategy was proving to be the more effective as, with 20 minutes gone, a quick back line move with players looping around resulted in an overlap on the right wing which gave a clear run in to again, score under the posts. A further 9 minutes later, they did it again and, although the Bangor defence had sensed the danger and moved across to cover it, their tackling let them down allowing Dundalk to get over in the right hand corner, taking their lead to 19-0.
By now, Bangor were trying to hang on until half time when they could regroup and come out with the wind at their backs. Dundalk, on the other hand were anxious to press home their advantage and give them a more comfortable lead. To Bangor’s credit, although camped on their own line for lengthy spells, they dug in and managed to hold on until the referee’s half time whistle.
As the teams reappeared from the dressing rooms, it was obvious Bangor were ringing the changes, particularly in the backs. With the wind advantage having lessened considerably, Bangor got the second half underway. It was now Dundalk’s turn to adopt the slow, steady approach, just as Bangor had done earlier. However, their more confident off-loading and support play was, once again, taking play deep into Bangor’s territory. Frustration at not being able to gain possession and take play out of their danger area eventually resulted in a yellow card for Clegg after a succession of penalties. Dundalk kicked the penalty to touch, won their lineout and drove for the line. Although initially held up by the Bangor defence, Dundalk’s repeated drives were eventually rewarded with another converted score, extending their lead to 26-0.
From the touchline, the Bangor faithful had felt that if their players had managed to score first in the second half, they may have been able to mount a fight-back and close the gap to their opponents. As it was, this Dundalk score simply bolstered their confidence and pushed Bangor deeper into trouble. With Bangor still a man down, Dundalk added to the score with a penalty and then another score in the corner. Everything was now working for the Leinster men, as even the difficult touchline conversion into the biting wind successfully split the posts, bringing the score to 36-0.
As the game entered the final quarter, and with Dundalk all but holding the cup, Bangor were now on the ropes. By contrast, the Dundalk players were in almost total control, and were not going to slow down now. In a 10 minute spell, they ran in a further 3 tries, making the scoreline 55-0. By now, any sense of dejection the Bangor supporters may have been feeling was now moved to feelings of sympathy for their players. However, pride was at stake and once again Bangor rallied as the game entered its final minutes. At last, the forwards got within striking distance of the Dundalk line and, although their repeated attacks were repelled, they finally managed to do what their opponents had done so effectively, and quickly passed the ball wide to Davy Charles. Even though they were 55 points ahead, the Dundalk defence made Charles work hard to drive through the tackles and score Bangor’s consolation try, bringing the final score to 55-5.
From Bangor’s point of view, the final score doesn’t tell the whole story of this competition. While the final may have resulted in a sad anti-climax for Bangor, the remarkable journey to get there will be remembered for some time. On the day, Dundalk were by far the better side, and Bangor would have to concede that their game was not up to the usual standard. However, there is no doubt the experience of competing at this level is something to relish and the goal now will be to secure a top four place in the league and try again next year.
Everybody at the club has nothing but the highest respect and praise for what has been achieved this year by not just the 1sts, but all the senior teams, and one poor result isn’t going to change that – the welcome at Upritchard Park for the returning players is testament to that. With that in mind, the players now need to put this disappointment behind them and provide the best possible response against a struggling Portadown side at home in the league next Saturday.
Bangor side: J Leary, A Jackson, P Whyte, F Black, G Irvine, R Latimer, J Clegg, C Stewart, R Armstrong, K Rosson, D Charles, M Aspley, M Weir, M Widdowson, C Morgan
Subs: S Irvine, O McIlmurray, D Kelly, M Rodgers, C Harper, D Fusco, M Thompson
Bangor scores: D Charles (1T)
Dundalk Storm To Title Dundalk 55 v Bangor 5 from KnockOn.ie
Dundalk Scorers: Christopher Scully, Owen McNally, Jonathan Williams, John Smyth, Ultan Murphy, Tiernan Gonnelly, James McConnon and Stephen Murphy 1 try each. Ultan Murphy 6 cons, 1 pen.
Bangor Scorers: David Charles 1 try.
In front of a big crowd at Chambers Park on Saturday afternoon Dundalk delivered a stunning and ruthless display to see off the challenge of Bangor and capture the All Ireland Junior Cup title for the very first time.
Three first half tries had them firmly in control at 19-0 ahead having played with the elements at the Portadown venue during the first half and while the wind dropped somewhat after half time the Dundalk intensity most certainly didn’t as they cut loose scoring five more tries.
Dundalk returned to a heroes welcome at their Mill Road clubhouse on Saturday night after a display of pure brilliance throughout the afternoon.
Precision, pace and skill from the Louth men from start to finish left Bangor playing second fiddle for long periods.
Dundalk overwhelm Bangor in All Ireland Final
by Roger Corbett
Bangor’s amazing run in the All Ireland Junior Cup came to an abrupt end when they were comprehensively beaten by Dundalk, eventually losing by 55-5.
Where do you start when trying to relate and absorb the events of Saturday’s final at Chambers Park? Firstly, congratulations to worthy winners Dundalk who nullified the Bangor attack, then went on to produce some stunning plays which racked up no less than 8 tries, each by a different player. For Bangor’s part, they were unable to respond to the intensity of Dundalk’s game, and lacked the cutting edge which their opponents used to great effect.
The day started full of promise, as the strong support from North Down made their way to Chambers Park in Portadown, knowing Bangor would be fielding their best team. Once again, the pundits had Bangor as the underdogs – just as they had done so in the previous three rounds! In confounding the experts earlier, Bangor produced some awesome performances against top quality opposition to get to the final. Dundalk had produced some convincing wins in the early rounds of the competition, but had struggled to get past CIYMS in the semi-final, just managing to squeeze ahead at the second time of asking. However, with a number of key players returning to the side in time for this game, they were now back at full strength and would be a formidable force to contend with.
Having won the toss, captain Jamie Clegg elected to play into the stiff wind in the first half. For the first 5 minutes, Bangor doggedly retained possession and tried to play their way into Dundalk’s half through a series of determined forward moves. However, little ground was made and, when possession was finally lost, the Dundalk back line produced a burst that simply cut through the Bangor defence resulting in an easy touch down under Bangor’s posts for a 7-0 lead.
Bangor stuck to their plan and slowly, but patiently, got their attack moving forward, eventually winning a penalty to the left of Dundalk’s posts, but Mark Widdowson’s kick into the wind drifted just wide of the mark.
The contrast in play between the two teams was becoming clear, with Bangor trying to keep the ball close while Dundalk were throwing it wide. The latter strategy was proving to be the more effective as, with 20 minutes gone, a quick back line move with players looping around resulted in an overlap on the right wing which gave a clear run in to again, score under the posts. A further 9 minutes later, they did it again and, although the Bangor defence had sensed the danger and moved across to cover it, their tackling let them down allowing Dundalk to get over in the right hand corner, taking their lead to 19-0.
By now, Bangor were trying to hang on until half time when they could regroup and come out with the wind at their backs. Dundalk, on the other hand were anxious to press home their advantage and give them a more comfortable lead. To Bangor’s credit, although camped on their own line for lengthy spells, they dug in and managed to hold on until the referee’s half time whistle.
As the teams reappeared from the dressing rooms, it was obvious Bangor were ringing the changes, particularly in the backs. With the wind advantage having lessened considerably, Bangor got the second half underway. It was now Dundalk’s turn to adopt the slow, steady approach, just as Bangor had done earlier. However, their more confident off-loading and support play was, once again, taking play deep into Bangor’s territory. Frustration at not being able to gain possession and take play out of their danger area eventually resulted in a yellow card for Clegg after a succession of penalties. Dundalk kicked the penalty to touch, won their lineout and drove for the line. Although initially held up by the Bangor defence, Dundalk’s repeated drives were eventually rewarded with another converted score, extending their lead to 26-0.
From the touchline, the Bangor faithful had felt that if their players had managed to score first in the second half, they may have been able to mount a fight-back and close the gap to their opponents. As it was, this Dundalk score simply bolstered their confidence and pushed Bangor deeper into trouble. With Bangor still a man down, Dundalk added to the score with a penalty and then another score in the corner. Everything was now working for the Leinster men, as even the difficult touchline conversion into the biting wind successfully split the posts, bringing the score to 36-0.
As the game entered the final quarter, and with Dundalk all but holding the cup, Bangor were now on the ropes. By contrast, the Dundalk players were in almost total control, and were not going to slow down now. In a 10 minute spell, they ran in a further 3 tries, making the scoreline 55-0. By now, any sense of dejection the Bangor supporters may have been feeling was now moved to feelings of sympathy for their players. However, pride was at stake and once again Bangor rallied as the game entered its final minutes. At last, the forwards got within striking distance of the Dundalk line and, although their repeated attacks were repelled, they finally managed to do what their opponents had done so effectively, and quickly passed the ball wide to Davy Charles. Even though they were 55 points ahead, the Dundalk defence made Charles work hard to drive through the tackles and score Bangor’s consolation try, bringing the final score to 55-5.
From Bangor’s point of view, the final score doesn’t tell the whole story of this competition. While the final may have resulted in a sad anti-climax for Bangor, the remarkable journey to get there will be remembered for some time. On the day, Dundalk were by far the better side, and Bangor would have to concede that their game was not up to the usual standard. However, there is no doubt the experience of competing at this level is something to relish and the goal now will be to secure a top four place in the league and try again next year.
Everybody at the club has nothing but the highest respect and praise for what has been achieved this year by not just the 1sts, but all the senior teams, and one poor result isn’t going to change that – the welcome at Upritchard Park for the returning players is testament to that. With that in mind, the players now need to put this disappointment behind them and provide the best possible response against a struggling Portadown side at home in the league next Saturday.
Bangor side: J Leary, A Jackson, P Whyte, F Black, G Irvine, R Latimer, J Clegg, C Stewart, R Armstrong, K Rosson, D Charles, M Aspley, M Weir, M Widdowson, C Morgan
Subs: S Irvine, O McIlmurray, D Kelly, M Rodgers, C Harper, D Fusco, M Thompson
Bangor scores: D Charles (1T)
Dundalk Storm To Title Dundalk 55 v Bangor 5 from KnockOn.ie
Dundalk Scorers: Christopher Scully, Owen McNally, Jonathan Williams, John Smyth, Ultan Murphy, Tiernan Gonnelly, James McConnon and Stephen Murphy 1 try each. Ultan Murphy 6 cons, 1 pen.
Bangor Scorers: David Charles 1 try.
In front of a big crowd at Chambers Park on Saturday afternoon Dundalk delivered a stunning and ruthless display to see off the challenge of Bangor and capture the All Ireland Junior Cup title for the very first time.
Three first half tries had them firmly in control at 19-0 ahead having played with the elements at the Portadown venue during the first half and while the wind dropped somewhat after half time the Dundalk intensity most certainly didn’t as they cut loose scoring five more tries.
Dundalk returned to a heroes welcome at their Mill Road clubhouse on Saturday night after a display of pure brilliance throughout the afternoon.
Precision, pace and skill from the Louth men from start to finish left Bangor playing second fiddle for long periods.
Dundalk overwhelm Bangor in All Ireland Final
by Roger Corbett
Bangor’s amazing run in the All Ireland Junior Cup came to an abrupt end when they were comprehensively beaten by Dundalk, eventually losing by 55-5.
Where do you start when trying to relate and absorb the events of Saturday’s final at Chambers Park? Firstly, congratulations to worthy winners Dundalk who nullified the Bangor attack, then went on to produce some stunning plays which racked up no less than 8 tries, each by a different player. For Bangor’s part, they were unable to respond to the intensity of Dundalk’s game, and lacked the cutting edge which their opponents used to great effect.
The day started full of promise, as the strong support from North Down made their way to Chambers Park in Portadown, knowing Bangor would be fielding their best team. Once again, the pundits had Bangor as the underdogs – just as they had done so in the previous three rounds! In confounding the experts earlier, Bangor produced some awesome performances against top quality opposition to get to the final. Dundalk had produced some convincing wins in the early rounds of the competition, but had struggled to get past CIYMS in the semi-final, just managing to squeeze ahead at the second time of asking. However, with a number of key players returning to the side in time for this game, they were now back at full strength and would be a formidable force to contend with.
Having won the toss, captain Jamie Clegg elected to play into the stiff wind in the first half. For the first 5 minutes, Bangor doggedly retained possession and tried to play their way into Dundalk’s half through a series of determined forward moves. However, little ground was made and, when possession was finally lost, the Dundalk back line produced a burst that simply cut through the Bangor defence resulting in an easy touch down under Bangor’s posts for a 7-0 lead.
Bangor stuck to their plan and slowly, but patiently, got their attack moving forward, eventually winning a penalty to the left of Dundalk’s posts, but Mark Widdowson’s kick into the wind drifted just wide of the mark.
The contrast in play between the two teams was becoming clear, with Bangor trying to keep the ball close while Dundalk were throwing it wide. The latter strategy was proving to be the more effective as, with 20 minutes gone, a quick back line move with players looping around resulted in an overlap on the right wing which gave a clear run in to again, score under the posts. A further 9 minutes later, they did it again and, although the Bangor defence had sensed the danger and moved across to cover it, their tackling let them down allowing Dundalk to get over in the right hand corner, taking their lead to 19-0.
By now, Bangor were trying to hang on until half time when they could regroup and come out with the wind at their backs. Dundalk, on the other hand were anxious to press home their advantage and give them a more comfortable lead. To Bangor’s credit, although camped on their own line for lengthy spells, they dug in and managed to hold on until the referee’s half time whistle.
As the teams reappeared from the dressing rooms, it was obvious Bangor were ringing the changes, particularly in the backs. With the wind advantage having lessened considerably, Bangor got the second half underway. It was now Dundalk’s turn to adopt the slow, steady approach, just as Bangor had done earlier. However, their more confident off-loading and support play was, once again, taking play deep into Bangor’s territory. Frustration at not being able to gain possession and take play out of their danger area eventually resulted in a yellow card for Clegg after a succession of penalties. Dundalk kicked the penalty to touch, won their lineout and drove for the line. Although initially held up by the Bangor defence, Dundalk’s repeated drives were eventually rewarded with another converted score, extending their lead to 26-0.
From the touchline, the Bangor faithful had felt that if their players had managed to score first in the second half, they may have been able to mount a fight-back and close the gap to their opponents. As it was, this Dundalk score simply bolstered their confidence and pushed Bangor deeper into trouble. With Bangor still a man down, Dundalk added to the score with a penalty and then another score in the corner. Everything was now working for the Leinster men, as even the difficult touchline conversion into the biting wind successfully split the posts, bringing the score to 36-0.
As the game entered the final quarter, and with Dundalk all but holding the cup, Bangor were now on the ropes. By contrast, the Dundalk players were in almost total control, and were not going to slow down now. In a 10 minute spell, they ran in a further 3 tries, making the scoreline 55-0. By now, any sense of dejection the Bangor supporters may have been feeling was now moved to feelings of sympathy for their players. However, pride was at stake and once again Bangor rallied as the game entered its final minutes. At last, the forwards got within striking distance of the Dundalk line and, although their repeated attacks were repelled, they finally managed to do what their opponents had done so effectively, and quickly passed the ball wide to Davy Charles. Even though they were 55 points ahead, the Dundalk defence made Charles work hard to drive through the tackles and score Bangor’s consolation try, bringing the final score to 55-5.
From Bangor’s point of view, the final score doesn’t tell the whole story of this competition. While the final may have resulted in a sad anti-climax for Bangor, the remarkable journey to get there will be remembered for some time. On the day, Dundalk were by far the better side, and Bangor would have to concede that their game was not up to the usual standard. However, there is no doubt the experience of competing at this level is something to relish and the goal now will be to secure a top four place in the league and try again next year.
Everybody at the club has nothing but the highest respect and praise for what has been achieved this year by not just the 1sts, but all the senior teams, and one poor result isn’t going to change that – the welcome at Upritchard Park for the returning players is testament to that. With that in mind, the players now need to put this disappointment behind them and provide the best possible response against a struggling Portadown side at home in the league next Saturday.
Bangor side: J Leary, A Jackson, P Whyte, F Black, G Irvine, R Latimer, J Clegg, C Stewart, R Armstrong, K Rosson, D Charles, M Aspley, M Weir, M Widdowson, C Morgan
Subs: S Irvine, O McIlmurray, D Kelly, M Rodgers, C Harper, D Fusco, M Thompson
Bangor scores: D Charles (1T)
Dundalk Storm To Title Dundalk 55 v Bangor 5 from KnockOn.ie
Dundalk Scorers: Christopher Scully, Owen McNally, Jonathan Williams, John Smyth, Ultan Murphy, Tiernan Gonnelly, James McConnon and Stephen Murphy 1 try each. Ultan Murphy 6 cons, 1 pen.
Bangor Scorers: David Charles 1 try.
In front of a big crowd at Chambers Park on Saturday afternoon Dundalk delivered a stunning and ruthless display to see off the challenge of Bangor and capture the All Ireland Junior Cup title for the very first time.
Three first half tries had them firmly in control at 19-0 ahead having played with the elements at the Portadown venue during the first half and while the wind dropped somewhat after half time the Dundalk intensity most certainly didn’t as they cut loose scoring five more tries.
Dundalk returned to a heroes welcome at their Mill Road clubhouse on Saturday night after a display of pure brilliance throughout the afternoon.
Precision, pace and skill from the Louth men from start to finish left Bangor playing second fiddle for long periods.
Life QUOTE :
wordsnquotes:
Topic: Comics, LOL, Relationships || by STAFF
If you are in a long-term relationship…
citations.tn/citations/citation-de-la-vie/life-quotes-15-...
The Henry Ford Hospital Campus is an approximately thirty-four acre campus containing a sprawling main hospital with four additions, a former nurse’s home and education building, a powerhouse, two parking decks and an apartment building. The nearly square-shaped property is located in the New Center area, about four miles north of downtown Detroit, and is bounded by West Grand Boulevard to the south, Poe Street to the west, Pallister Street to the north, and the Lodge Freeway Service Drive to the east. Although the buildings on the campus were built over a number of years in a variety of architectural styles, they relate to each other as a campus as most of the buildings have red brick and stone or concrete trim in similar colors.
Henry Ford Hospital is significant under crtiterion A, B and C at the local level of signficance as a major Detroit hospital that began in 1914 when the expanding population of Detroit required additional hospital facilities. At its start it was unique in its staffing and billing practices. Through the years the hospital’s doctors and scientists developed a number of innovative medical discoveries and practices, including a number of procedures that were the first performed in Detroit and Michigan. The hospital is associated with Henry Ford, founder of the Ford Motor Company. Henry Ford incorporated the hospital, was president of the board for most of his life, had a strong influence on how the hospital was run, and paid for its construction and initial operations. The buildings are significant for their architecture as one of the few remaining major Detroit hospitals established by the 1910s that still retains its historic buildings. The buildings were designed by a number of notable Detroit firms including Stratton and Baldwin; Albert Wood; and Albert Kahn Associates; and the New York firm of Vorhees, Walker, Foley and Smith. The main hospital building was one of Albert Wood’s major works and was innovative for its room size, layout and design as a “hotel for sick people.” The Clinic Building was named “Hospital of the Month” in Modern Hospital magazine in 1955.
The Henry Ford Hospital was listed in the National Register of Historic Places on September 4, 2013.
PM Dr Ngirente presented before Rwanda parliament, Government of Rwanda achievements relating to ICT in the knowledge-based economy | Kigali, 2 December 2019
Seattle
Baldman watching
Kart BTM
I don't support or condone the vandalism or any illegal activity relating to such, whether it be to private, commercial, or public property, I simply display graffiti as an art form.
立法會鐵路事宜小組委員會視察廣深港高速鐵路香港段西九龍總站，以及石蔭至海庭道隧道段的建築工地
立法会铁路事宜小组委员会视察广深港高速铁路香港段西九龙总站，以及石荫至海庭道隧道段的建筑工地
LegCo Subcommittee on Matters Relating to Railways visits the construction sites of the West Kowloon Terminus of the Hong Kong Section of Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hong Kong Express Rail Link & the Shek Yam to Hoi Ting Road tunnel section (2013.06.24)
This is the my ninth sexyletterart — Relator. I was inspired by the song Relator (artist — Scarlett Johansson & Pete Yorn). I have based in my work on the font Lady Rene. Designed by Laura Varsky.
Collection:
San Luis Obispo County Regional Photograph Collection, MS 168
lib.calpoly.edu/specialcollections/findingaids/ms168/
Image Description:
Part of a Municipal and Religious subseries relating to San Luis Obispo, City, circa 1870-1980, including street and building views, views of downtown, and of businesses and people. From the San Luis Obispo County Regional Photograph Collection.
The San Luis Obispo County Regional Photographs Collection contains photographs, artwork, and postcards of San Luis Obispo city and county. The collection, comprised of both amateur and professional work, captures daily life and popular scenes and locations in the county. The bulk of the collection focuses on early twentieth-century San Luis Obispo. The collection encompasses several donations and purchases.
The collection consists of photographs, negatives, artwork, prints, and postcards in various formats circa 1850 to 1980. Compiled from the gifts of several donors and purchases, the collection covers a wide breadth of subject matter. The images provide comprehensive information about many activities and events important to San Luis Obispo County and neighboring regional areas in the late 19th and early 20th century.
Comments and tags are welcomed!
File Number:
168-1-C-02-04-03
Format:
Photograph
Rights Info:
To use this image, we kindly ask that you submit a written request and obtain formal permission from Special Collections, Cal Poly, as the owner of the physical collection. Contact Special Collections at archives@calpoly.edu
Repository:
Special Collections & University Archives, Cal Poly San Luis Obispo
lib.calpoly.edu/specialcollections/
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As most people collect, they end up meeting interesting people that they can relate to. I've certainly met my share of them, and have managed to obtain a few pieces with some assistance from them. As a result, hailing all the4 way from Singapore, we have the Hot Toys Exclusive (whatever that means) Avengers 2: Age of Ultron - Maria Hill figure.
I know they weren't super expensive back in the day (MSRP I mean), but by the time Sideshow got their hands on it, this figure cost $215 USD, which definitely cost more than your run of the mill figure back in the day, all the while being less equipped than they were. I managed to snag one that was opened and resealed in a box for $170 USD shippped.
You get the figure, 3 pairs of hands, walkie talkie, Bluetooth earpiece, and a pistol. Oh, and the usual base/stand.
Now, I learned about Pleather deterioration, but completely forgot about how tropical weather like in Singapore would affect a figure. It's not the worst I've seen, as some of my Widows have similar damage, but they've lived in Canada all their lives.
But it is unfortunate seeing how I didn't exactly score this figure for Garage Sale prices. I'm hoping my coats of leather paint prevents things from getting worse.
What I wasn't expecting was the effect of humidity on paint in contact with plastic. Hot Toys gave the sculpt some lovely blush to accentuate her cheeks. Well, that all turned from pink to yellow, so it looks kinda weird.
Unfortunate, but I treat it as a learning lesson on things to look out for when I finally make my way back to Asia to unleash holy hell on the secondary toy market.
So with the downers out of the way, the rest of the figure is pretty standard. I believe Maria uses a slightly taller version of the Widow body, which is a bit tall and narrow in the torso, but overall is a closer match to Colbie Smulders than Scarlett Johansson.
Maria was made when they still made softer fabric uniforms. I'd describe the feel of what she's wearing as being whatever Jeggings are made from. The upper body generally has full use of its faculties - unfortunately the body doesn't have Butterfly style shoulders, which is unfortunate as Maria could have really used them, especially for her pistol and arm crossed poses. Legs are restricted despite the softer fabric, though isn't as bad as with Winter Soldier Black Widow.
The head sculpt I'm actually quite impressed with. It's not perfect - they never are and if anyone says so, they're probably just not looking hard at the thing... or in some instances, not looking at all. The eyes are off, and the sculpted hair throws things off. But ultimately, it comes down to the jaw being too square, even for Colbie Smulders. On the whole, however, its probably 70 - 80% there, which is a lot more than I can say about any Black Widow up to that point, and Hot Toys accomplished that with one try as well.
Paint, I'm not really in a position to comment on. But, it appears if you can see past the discoloration, you'll see that the usual high quality is there. Build Quality is the usual high level, with nothing falling apart aside from the Pleather.
Overall, despite being a simpler figure I have to say I certainly like this better than I liked AoU Widow, which was just.. weird from a MCU perspective as well as from a Hot Toy perspective. I'll probably have to hunt down a WS Nick Fury to pair with her, but this time I'll be sure to make sure everything is is one piece.
All I know about the Horse and Jockey pub is that there is a reference to it in court transcripts relating to a case involving Solomon Head, aka Solomon Troke, a local poacher and rogue, held at the Christchurch Town Hall in 1864.
Redhill at that time was a small hamlet and remained so into the early 1900s when Pascoe Marshall was a young lad growing up there, a time he recalls in his memoir 'My Story', where he also refers to the Horse and Jockey, stating that it was rebuilt, presumably as the above structure, in the 1890s.
It is likely the original building was a modest affair, probably a thatched cottage, a business run from somebody's home prior to modern licencing laws.
Confusingly, an advert in the Daily Echo, when the pub was taken over by new management in 2012, says the pub was built in the 1920s, yet the web site states 'Dating back to 1926' at the top of the home page but underneath refers to it as 'an attractive Victorian pub...'
Another avenue of research indicates that the current building dates from 1906
It is often implied that the pub got it's name in relation to the Ensbury Racecourse that opened nearby in 1925 but it would appear not to be the case.
Obviously i'm no expert on the history of the Horse and Jockey and I don't have time to research it in any depth, but if anyone does know anymore please feel free to comment below, I for one would be extremely interested to know more.
MAB Youth is an organisation that facilitate and promote intellectual engagement and discussion on topics relating to theological practice and how best to implement such practises best into contemporary lifestyles.
With a whole new generation of Muslims living in an even wider geographic expanse, the need to discuss the place of Islam in these new environments and put into context the morals and ethics of the principles outlined in the Qur'an has become all the more imperative.
As such, the design to advertise these seminars and debates needed to be equally engaging and intelligent. Classical subjects presented in a contemporary context - befitting the evolution of this faith based community - the core message is the same - but the presentation and manifestation may appear different.
Intellectual and engaging debates - as I hope these poster designs reflect.
Concept topic:
Unity in Diversity
Accepting interpretation and the complexities of the Qur'an.