Ownership photos on Flickr

Baptism & Ownership 175 by NewSpring Church

Ownership inscription of the Jesuit college in Seo de Urgel (Spain) by POP

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Inscription: Del collegio de la Comp[ani]a de Jesus de Urgel.

[Ownership inscription of the Jesuit college in Seo de Urgel (Spain)]

Penn Libraries call number: LatC P9514 497o 1540

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Ownership inscription of Heinrich Fuchs (1624-1689) by POP

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Henrici Vulpij

Vicarij Generalis

[Mid-17th-century ms. ownership inscription of Heinrich Fuchs (1624-1689), canon of the Kathedrale St. Nikolaus in Fribourg, Switzerland, and vicar general of the diocese of Lausanne (1658-1663), who inherited a substantial portion of Peter Falck's library. According to this description of another of Falck's books with similar provenance, "After his death Falck's library passed to his daughter Ursula von Praroman. It was subsequently divided between her two sons Nikolaus and Wilhelm, and passed down through their families, to be more or less reunited in the late 17th century in the Capuchin convent at Fribourg. The present volume was one of those inherited by Wilhelm; this group passed by descent to one Anna Marie von Lanthen-Heidt, a wealthy noblewoman who had married Wilhelm's grandson Nikolaus von Praroman en secondes noces. After her husband's death in 1675 Anna gave the books to her friend the vicar-general Heinrich Fuchs. Fuchs in turn gave part of the books to the Capuchins the year before he died; the remainder passed to the convent after his death in 1689." (For more information on Falck's library, see A. Wagner, Peter Falcks Bibliothek und humanistische Bildung (Bern: P. Haupt, 1926).)

VIAF entry: Fuchs, Heinrich, 1624-1689]

Penn Libraries call number: Inc A-1192

All images from this book

Penn Libraries catalog record

The North Lodge - Aston Hall in Aston Park - door of the North Lodge by Elliott Brown

This is Aston Hall, including all the buildings as viewable from the front. It looks amazing with all that almost perfect snow.

It is a Jacobean style mansion. Construction started in 1618 and was finished by 1631 when Sir Thomas Holte moved in. It was designed by John Thorpe. It is a Grade I listed building.

It was damaged by Parliamentary troops in 1643. The house was built for Sir Thomas Holte and it remained in the Holte family until 1817, when it was sold and leased to James Watt Jr, son of the world famous James Watt.

The house was purchased in 1858 by a private company (the Aston Hall and Park Company Ltd) for use as a public park and museum. After financial difficulties it was bought by the Birmingham Corporation in 1864 becoming the first historic county house to pass to municipal ownership.

Washington Irving once visited it, who wrote about it as Bracebridge Hall, taking the name from Abraham Bracebridge, husband of the last member of the Holte family to live there.

Rest of the info on Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aston_Hall

This is the North Lodge, it is to the right of Aston Hall.

Dates from 1635 or later.

Circa 1635 or possibly a slightly later C17 addition. Brick walls step down

from the outer corners of the wings on the entrance front extending east to

terminate in the lodges creating a symmetrical formed frame to the approach

to the Hall. Weathered brick coping to walls. The lodges are small on a

square plan but of 2 storeys red and diapered brick with stone dressings.

Two storey oriel bays to front with strapwork cresting and shaped finialed

gables as on Hall. External chimney stacks to outer sides with clustered

octagonal shafts.

Lodges - Heritage Gateway

This is the door of the North Lodge.

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No use of this image is allowed without photographer’s express prior permission and subject to compensation • no work-for-hire

► licence | please contact me before to obtain prior a license and to buy the rights to use and publish this photo. A licensing usage agreed upon with Bernard Egger is the only usage granted. more..

photographer | Bernard Egger / profile.. • collections.. • sets..

traveling | Россия | Europe | classic sportscars & motorcycles

location | Svetlogorsk, Kaliningrad Oblast, RF

📷 | Балтийское море Светлогорск :: rumoto images # 8670

РОССИЯ ❤️ RUSSIA • best RUS Flickr group | Гимн |

more: Yantarny | Svetlogorsk | Selenogradsk | The Curonian Spit

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1930 Bentley 4½ Ltr Frankel (c) Bernard Egger :: rumoto images 2263 by © Bernard Egger 📷

photographer | Bernard Egger.. • collections • sets

event | 2010 ENNSTAL-CLASSIC • Styria 💚 Austria

licence | for any user agreement please contact Bernard Egger.

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rumoto images, 2010 Ennstal-Classic, 写真家, カメラマン, 摄影师, Bernard Egger, photography, Nikon FX, Моторспорт фотография, Motorsport, Моторспорт, classiche, classica, classic cars, vintage cars, storiche, historic cars, motoring, historique, heritage, sports cars, машина, авто, Automobile, 車, european cars, Sportwagen, classic sports cars, Oldtimer, Passione, Mythos, legends, Leggenda,

Ms. ownership inscription of the library of the Dominican community associated with the Chiesa di Santa Corona, Vicenza, Italy by POP

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Bibliotec[a]e ordinis pr[a]edica[torum] S: Coron[a]e uicenti[a]e ad sinistram

[Early ms. ownership inscription of the library of the Dominican community associated with the Chiesa di Santa Corona, Vicenza, Italy.

Established heading: Chiesa di Santa Corona (Vicenza, Italy)]

Penn Libraries call number: Inc T-372 Folio

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Penn Libraries catalog record

Ownership inscription in Gregorius IX, Pont. Max.: Decretales cum glossa by University of Glasgow Library

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Gregorius IX, Pont. Max.: Decretales cum glossa. Edited by Franciscus Moneliensis. [Venice]: Johannes Herbort, de Seligenstadt, for Johannes de Colonia, Jenson et Socii, 10 Sept. 1481. Dedicatory letter ([a1v]) with minor initial and underlining supplied in red; with ownership inscription of Johannes Christopherus Hager (d. 1632), Doctor decretorum, canon of Constance, episcopal and imperial councillor, provost of OSA St. Pelagius, Bischofszell: “Sum J[ohan]n[i]s Christopheri Hageri D. Canon. Constan. Praepos. Epi[scopali]cellen[sis]”. Sp Coll Hunterian Bw.1.6.

Locust Grove: established 1887 by goflight001

Ownership History of Locust Grove Farm, Pratt County Kansas

William R. Bailey and Lucy Bailey

William Rutledge Bailey and his wife Lucy Bailey arrived in Pratt County Kansas along with their children Arthur W., Whitney J., Henry C., Judson E, Oliver E., and Florella G. in the year 1887 from Danville Ohio. They traveled by train to Kingman Kansas and to Pratt by covered wagon.

A 160 acre tract of land located two miles south and four miles eaqst of Pratt Center, (now Pratt) was purchased from James Semple, another Englishman and his wife. The legal description is: East ½ of the NE ¼ of section 18 and the W ½ of the NW ¼ of section 17, Township 28 south, Range 12 West. The date of filing the deed was August 15, 1887, however, the deed was dated four years earlier on August 11 of that year. The layout of the roads will not allow you to get to the farm using the above directions. It is one mile south and ¾ mile east of the Pratt County Veterans Memorial Lake on the south side of the road.

The Semple’s acquired the land by a Land Office Recipt deed dated October 23, 1884 and dully recorded December 20 of that year in consideration of $200.00. The Semple’s apparently had trouble paying for the land and the necessary improvements required to complete the transaction as it was mortgaged and was up for foreclosure when it was sold to W.R. Bailey.

Within days following the filing of the deed, a mortgage of @2,200.oo was also filed indicating Bailey also had to borrow money to complete the transaction. It is unknown when or who put the first improvements on the land as this information is not filed for public record.

October 10, 1901, W.R. Bailey purchased an additional 80 acres of land, identified as the N ½, of the SE ¼ of Section 17, Township 28 South, Range 12 West, which lay next to his original 160 acres on the south. This 80 acres was purchased from North American Trust Co. in the amount of $300.00 consideration. The property was originally acquired from the Government Land Office by John M. Bowman and his wife Kate Bowman April 5, 1885.

W.R. also had problems in paying for the land as there is documented court action for collection on the original 160 acres and in 1905 it was foreclosed upon and deeded to the Union Central Life Insurance Co. as he could not come up with the $600.00 remaining balance. The records do not indicate where the money came from as a short time later, the ground was deeded back to W.R. and Lucy and no other court action is recorded until his death in 1926.

W.R. Bailey died in April 2, 1926 at the home of his son Henry who lived five miles east of Pratt and a short distance north on the west side of the road. His wife Lucy followed him in death July 4, 1926, also at their son’s home. The records show William R. and Lucy lived a short time with Henry due to the state of their health which is unknown.

Upon their death, as he died intestate (no will), the now 240 acres of land went to his children Arthur, Whitney, Henry, Judson, Oliver and Florella. The record shows Florella, who was by now married to Claude Boulden and lived in Colorado cgose to sell her share of the undivided interest in the land to four of her five brothers, namly Arthur, Whitney, Henry and Judson. For reasons unknown, Oliver did not participate. Oliver was the executer of the estate and therefore was the one responsible for managing the farming business.

It is not known when William R. ceased farming if in fact he ever did until his death in 1926 at the age of 82. The farm was operated by O.L. Miller until 1933 when Charles Rutledge Bailey, William Rutledge’s grandson moved to the place. It is unknown when Miller began the farming operation.

Charles was single at the time he began farming the ground for estate. He and Fern Parsley were married November 23, 1935 and operated the farm continuously until 1981.

In 1938, Whitney deeded his interest in the farm to his daughter, Helen, who was physically impaired and eventually was instrumental in taking care of Whitney and her mother Dora until they passed away. Whitney deeded her the land but maintained a life estate from the property and kept the mineral rights, which would later become quite complicated.

In the fall of 1947, Charles and Fern purchased the interest in the farm of Essie E. Bailey, Arthur Bailey’s widow, Henry and Judson. The following January they finalized the purchase with Oliver.

In 1966, Whitney’s youngest child Louis Leroy, instigated action to deed the mineral rights to Helen who already owned Whitney’s undivided interest in the 240 acres. The quit claim deed to restore the mineral rights to the land was filed for record on May 18, 1966.

January 3, 1968, Charles and Fern Bailey purchased the remaining interest in the farm owned by Helen Bailey, this making the land owned by William Rutledge Bailey once again a one owner entity.

Buring the tenure of the farm, livestock, wheat, milo and possibly corn was produced. The last ground to be broken out of native grass was done by Charles at the insistent of the Estate against his advice.

Charles and Fern continued to operate the farm as usual until 1976 when they sold their livestock enterprise to their son Ben. Then, in 1981, they retired completely and Ben and his wife Helen began operation of the farm, with their son Van helping. By now, with the advent of larger machinery and the ability to get over the ground quickly, Ben also was working for the Iuka Cooperative Exchange in Management and operating the farm as a sideline as it was no longer able to support the family on its own. Ben and Helen continued to farm the ground and operate a cow heard until the fall of 1985, when, due to Ben’s failing health, they turned the farming operation over to their son Van Rutledge Bailey, William Rutledge’s great, great grandson. Ben still kept his cow herd along with a cow herd Van was developing.

In the meantime, Charles and Fern moved to Pratt, Kansas in a home they purchased in 1990 as Fern’s health continued to decline. Van then moved to the farm.

Fern passed away on June 20, 1996. Charles continued to live alone in their home in Pratt until he passed away February 23, 2000. Their only child Ben and his wife Helen Ridge Bailey became owners of the property and Van continued living on the location and doing the farming and by now working for the same Co-op Ben retired from in 1995.

Van married Alive Maske in June 2003. Van and Alice, along with her two children, James and Tabitha, continued to live on the farm. Van was having health problems associated with agriculture and had to give up farming in 2007. He went back to school at Flint Hills Vocational school in Emporia, Kansas, learning to program computer operated industrial machines. Van is now employed as a machinist in Emporia, Kansas.

By now all but 100 acres of the 240 acres was in either native grass or in the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) sponsored by the government. The remainder of the land was planted to Brome Grass in 2008. Due to Ben’s health, which prevents him from actively doing any of the farming, he relies on custom operators for the farm work. Van came back and planted the remaining ground to Brome Grass over the Labor Day weekend in 2008.

~Ben Bailey, July 28, 2009

Classic Jeep Quality Advertisement by lee.ekstrom

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The Jeep brand won the Total Quality Award for Best Ownership Experience in 1996. It's come full circle in 2011. According to Consumer Report's the Jeep brand has the highest quality of all domestic auto manufacturers.

They also are the most improved automaker for the past year. In my opinion, the best ownership experience translates directly to high resale value. The Jeep brand has the highest resale value for all domestic brands.

Wrangler and Wrangler Unlimited were recently honored by Kelley Blue Book as having the best resale value for any SUV over a 5 year period.

To top it off, the Wrangler just won the 2012 ALG Residual Value Award for the Compact Utility Vehicle.

It all goes back to people wanting to own an original. A true American icon that doesn't go out of style. Built with pride and built to last.

US Gun Ownership, 1973-2010 by Psudo on politics

US Gun ownership (in percentage of households with at least one firearm) has been trending downward since roughly 1977. The gap between the two lines signifies non-response to the question; we don't know whether those people had guns or not.

Notice that there is not data for every year. This data comes from occasional polls, and the polls were conducted in various years until they settled on a pattern of conducting them in every even-numbered year. The 2012 results have not yet been released. The poll data can be retrieved here:

sda.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/hsda?/var/www/cgi/cgi-bin/harcsd...

Compare to US Murder Rate: flickr.com/photos/91128695@N07/8283560518/

US Fatality Rate: flickr.com/photos/91128695@N07/8281162948/

And US Violent Crime Rate: flickr.com/photos/91128695@N07/8298646211/

1939 BMW 328 Kamm Coupé (c) Bernard Egger :: rumoto images 2227 by © Bernard Egger 📷

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photographer | Bernard Egger.. • collections • sets

event | 2010 ENNSTAL-CLASSIC • Styria 💚 Austria

licence | for any user agreement please contact Bernard Egger.

-

rumoto images, 2010 Ennstal-Classic, 写真家, カメラマン, 摄影师, Bernard Egger, photography, Nikon FX, Моторспорт фотография, Motorsport, Моторспорт, classiche, classica, classic cars, vintage cars, storiche, historic cars, motoring, historique, heritage, sports cars, машина, авто, Automobile, 車, european cars, Sportwagen, classic sports cars, Oldtimer, Passione, Mythos, legends, Leggenda,

■ new album ► TEN YEARS AFTER • 2010 • ENNSTAL-CLASSIC

■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

1939 BMW 328 Kamm Coupé (c) Egger :: rumoto images 2227 orig.

2010 Blue Bird All American FE School Bus by dfirecop

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Photo from the internet. I do not claim ownership nor can I grant permission for use.

MIPIM 2015 - CONFERENCES - TOWARDS THE END OF OWNERSHIP - CLEMENT ALTERESCO / CEO BUREAUX A PARTAGER by MIPIMWorld

MIPIM 2015 - CONFERENCES - TOWARDS THE END OF OWNERSHIP - CLEMENT ALTERESCO / CEO BUREAUX A PARTAGER

Room 1137 / Renaissance Phoenix Downtown Hotel 100 N. 1st Street, Phoenix, Arizona, 85004 (On Adams St between Central and 1st) The hotel has 518 guest rooms and suites, 60,000 square feet of function space, rooftop outdoor pool. by Richard Johnson

Brief history of the Renaissance Phoenix Downtown Hotel

Renaissance Phoenix Downtown Hotel has gone through many name changes and renovations all under just a few ownership changes. The Adams Hotel was demolished in 1973 to make room for the new $27 million Adams Hotel. It was developed and constructed on the site of the previous Adams Hotel in a combined venture of PIC Realty and the Vita Cos owned by Phoenix lawyer Albert B. Spector Sr.

It was designed by the firm of Schwenn & Clark and is most noted for its hundreds of eyebrow windows over a line of three-story arches at the base level. Its iconic curved windows block out up to 70% of the heat from the sun.

Ralph Hitz Jr., the former Managing Director of the Hotel Muehlebach in Kansas City, Mo was the first general manager of the new Adams Hotel. Hitz thought things were not what they used to be at the 700-room Muehlbach which was slipping into shoddiness. Back in the 30's and 40's, the Muehlebach was the center of action in Kansas City. The last hotel Hitz managed before his retirement in 1994 was the Crowne Plaza in downtown Kansas City Missouri. He died in 1998. Andee Mena was the Adams Hotel opening Chef, he came from Chicago's Continental Plaza Hotel.

Seven months after the 538-room Adams Hotel opened in 1975, the Vita Cos. filed for protection from creditors in Bankruptcy Court and the hotel was placed in receivership. The court appointed receiver was Ed Caliendo and Daniel J. Palaschak the general manager. The primary creditor of the Adams Hotel was Prudential with a mortgage lien of $15.4 million plus accrued interest. Spector Sr. was in a perilous financial condition at the time and entered into a $1 million transaction with PIC Realty Corp (Prudential). The deal was to provide some immediate cash for the cash flow problems at the new hotel. Prudential claimed the $1 million dollar transaction represented a purchase of Spector Sr.'s equity in the hotel. In August 1976 the court voided the equity transfer between PIC Realty (Prudential) and Spector Sr. but the bankruptcy hearings continued for over 5 years. In 1980 a $33 million dollar offer for the hotel was scuttled due to the bankruptcy. The prospective New York buyers were Jason Jacobs, of Delsu Financial Corporation, and Charles Allen of Allen and Co.

Some five years later PIC Realty became sole owner of the hotel in Feb 1981 at the conclusion of the bankruptcy of the Vita Cos. The settlement provided $1.8 million in payments to 141 creditors and a $290,000 payment to the Vita Cos. At that time PIC Realty signed Hilton Hotel Corporation to a 25-year contract and implemented the name change from Adams Hotel to the Phoenix Hilton. Hilton brought in Andre Schaefer from the Anchorage Westward Hilton to be the general manager. Hilton Hotels Corp would spend $4 million on a 2 year upgrade program. The hotel's food and beverage outlets, the Old Bar lounge, the Citrus Grove restaurant and the Sandpaper restaurant were re-done along with the public areas, meeting rooms and guest rooms.

Albert B. Spector Sr. died May, 1980 at his apartment at the Arizona Biltmore Estates at the age of 65. His company purchased the Adams Hotel in 1973 and razed it in order to build the new 19 story hotel which opened April 1, 1975. He also owned the Flame Restaurant in downtown Phoenix (34 W Adams St.).

In 1986 the Phoenix Hilton was acquired by a limited partnership headed by Mark Cohn of Greater Capital Real Estate Corporation of Burlingame, California from Prudential Insurance Co. of America. The acquisition price was $16,250,000. The hotel would become a franchised Hilton rather than a company-operated Hilton. Greater Capital Real Estate at that time also owned hotels in Chicago, San Francisco, Palm Springs and Tahiti. The hotel became the Omni Adams in 1991 after operating for 4 years 1986-1991, as the Sheraton Phoenix.

In 1993 Mark Cohn dropped the Omni Adams name and signed an agreement with Holiday Inn Worldwide to be the first Holiday Inn Crowne Plaza in Arizona. As part of the name change there was a $4.5 million renovation to all areas of the hotel. The hotel had a $109 average room rate prior to the renovation. A subsidiary of Holiday Inns provided the renovation loan. It is noted that Omni Hotels had desired to part ways with Cohn due to very late and unpaid bills.

In July 1999 Steve Cohn sued the city of Phoenix when the city voted to guarantee an $83 million loan for a 700 room Marriott Hotel and a guarantee on a $35 million loan for a 350-room Embassy Suites. Cohn thought the measures required city voter approval. A judge ruled in Cohn's favor and the two tax payer subsidized hotels were never built.

In 2003 the hotel joined the Wyndham brand as part of a 10-year franchise agreement between the property’s owners, Phoenix Hospitality LLC and Wyndham International. The hotel was renamed the Wyndham Phoenix.

Steve Cohn, Mark Cohn's brother, and the entity Phoenix Hospitality became owner of what was then the Phoenix Crowne Plaza Hotel in December of 1999. In May of 2003, the property was licensed as the Wyndham Phoenix. Steve Cohn served in the capacity of the property's Managing Director under both brand affiliations for Phoenix Hospitality. He continued as the property's Managing Director when the property was transferred to Phoenix Hotel Ventures in February 2007 and continued in that position until December 2011 when the hotel converted to a Renaissance Hotel and Marriott became the hotel manager. At that time, Steve Cohn and the entity PHXhotel LLC assumed the role of owner and asset manager.

In 2015 Steve Cohn CEO of PHXHotel, LLC, owner of the Renaissance Phoenix Downtown hotel, committed $10 million to improve Adams Street in accordance with the Adams Street Activation Study completed in 2013 via a City contract with the Gensler & Associates architectural firm. The design includes enhanced streetscape, shade, lighting and signage, provisions for new food and beverage, accommodations for special events and the relocation of the Renaissance Hotel’s main entrance to First Street. Without using one cent of public funds, the project includes a renovated façade, an expanded lobby, an improved arrival experience and open-air food and beverage venues with a priority for experienced local operators. The work will transform Adams Street into an engaging pedestrian friendly experience. At the October 28, 2015 City Council meeting, Mayor Greg Stanton thanked the Renaissance Phoenix Downtown Hotel for investing in the city. “This block is the front door to visitors from all over the country and the globe connecting our Convention Center to the rest of downtown,” said Stanton. The project is expected to finish in late 2017.

Paige Lund was appointed general manager in 2012. She is a 1993 graduate of Northern Arizona University School of Hotel & Restaurant Management.

What's hotel brand loyalty? Seven hotel brands in 40 plus years.

1973 - Adams Hotel demolished

1975 - Adams Hotel opens

1981 - Phoenix Hilton

1986 - Sheraton Phoenix

1991 - Omni Adams Hotel

1993 - Crown Plaza Phoenix - Downtown

2003 - Wyndham Phoenix

2009 - Renaissance Phoenix - Downtown

Compiled by Dick Johnson, February, 2017

Powis Castle from the Terraces and the Great Lawn by Elliott Brown

A visit to Powis Castle, another National Trust property. You are not allowed to take photo inside of the castle (items in private ownership), but it's fine around the exteriors and gardens. Anyone caught trying to take a photo inside gets told off by one of the guides inside the castle, so it wasn't worth the bother (bit frustrating when going around the castle). At least the outside areas makes up for what I couldn't take.

Powis Castle (Welsh: Castell Powys) is a medieval castle, fortress and grand country mansion near Welshpool, in Powys, Wales.

It is known for housing the treasures that were brought home by Robert Clive and his son, Edward Clive from India. The Clives obtained them during their service with the British East India Company.

The castle has also been known as Castell Coch, Castell Pool, Castell Pola, Castell Pole, Castell Trallwng, Red Castle, Redde Castle and Castel Cough.

The seat of the Earl of Powis, the castle is known for its extensive, attractive formal gardens, terraces, parkland, deerpark and landscaped estate. The property is under the care of the National Trust.

Princess Victoria (later Queen Victoria) visited the castle as a child when her mother took her to tour England and Wales in 1832.

Grade I listed building

Powis Castle

History

Introduction: The castle was a Welsh stronghold, probably of Owain Cyfeiliog and his heirs, from c1170, and parts of the surviving structure are thought to date from the late C12- early C13. The castle was sacked c1275, and in 1286, Owain ap Gruffydd ap Gwenwynwyn, Prince of Powys, paid homage to Edward I as Baron de la Pole. A substantial programme of rebuilding followed - the layout, and much of the structure of the present buildings were determined in this work of c1300.

Sir Edward Herbert acquired the castle in 1587, and initiated the creation of a country house from a castle. The first phase of a substantial Baroque remodelling was begun immediately following the restoration of Charles II (Powis had fallen in a siege of 1644 and was not returned to the Herbert family until the Restoration). William, Third Lord Powis who inherited the title in 1867 (and was created Earl in 1674

Marquis in 1685), was exiled with James II in 1688 - and although the Herbert's were not formally re-instated at Powis until 1722, a major programme of work on the castle and gardens was initiated by the family during this period, extending the scope of the Baroque remodelling.

Minor works were carried out during the C18, but the castle was suffering from neglect by the latter years of the century: in 1771, Thomas Farnolls Prichard, architect, of Shrewsbury, was commissioned to report on improvements, and he was responsible for the remodelling of the SW range as a ball-room wing in 1775-7 (for George Herbert, second Earl of Powis). In 1801, the castle was inherited by Edward, second Lord Clive, and the Powis Earldom was re-created for him (for the third time) in 1804. As heir to the Clive fortune, he was able to commission Robert Smirke to carry out improvements to the castle, between 1820 and 1830. Thereafter, the final major alterations to the castle were carried out by G.F. Bodley, c1904, for the Fourth Earl. On his death in 1952, the property was given to the National Trust.

The Medieval Castle: By c1300, the castle comprised an outer bailey to the W, with curtain walls to the N and W at least, and an inner ward built around a courtyard, with twin gate towers to its W. It had previously been assumed that the SE angle tower constituted the earliest surviving part of the medieval castle, but recent research has shown that the curved section of the S wall of the inner ward pre-dates it and may represent the remains of a late C12 shell keep, which was subsequently substantially rebuilt when the buildings were extended northward in c1300; the gate towers are probably contemporary with this c1300 phase, together with the N curtain wall of the outer bailey, with the lower storey of the accommodation on its inner face (the present ball-room range). The N range of the inner ward has not yet been investigated in detail, but it is thought to represent the hall range of the C13 castle: the walls appear to be substantially of medieval masonry. The E gate tower may have been added in the C15, when the castle was owned by the Grey Family.

The C16-C17: Major remodelling of the castle followed its acquisition by Edward Herbert in 1587, though largely within the confines of the medieval structure: he added the long gallery on the N and W sides of the inner courtyard, and perhaps the portal on its E side; there are fragments of C16 decoration in other rooms, and documentary evidence for much more, suggesting that the establishment of the interior layout of rooms en filade may date from this time. Most of the present pattern of fenestration was established in the C16-C17 period, although the window details have been several times renewed. While the internal layout of rooms as it survives on the first floor may be late C16, most of their detail and decoration is no earlier than the later C17, with much work of c1660. It now seems likely that a major Baroque remodelling was initiated after the Restoration, and as part of this, new entrances were designed: new pavilions flanking the W entrance were added in 1668, and the main portal at the E (with a corresponding portal at the W, subsequently re-sited), also appears to be late C17. The Baroque programme used local craftsmen at first, but under the direction of William Winde from the 1670's, it attained a greater sophistication of design and planning. The insertion of the grand staircase between 1674 and 1685 (attributed to Winde) entailed further alteration to the internal layout and it may be that the inner walls of the NW drum tower were cut-down at this time to accommodate it.

The C18: Documentary sources record work carried out at Powis between 1748 and 1754, by William Burke, but it is not known what this entailed. However, it is known that further refenestration took place during the C18 (largely probably using existing openings); illustrations of the castle record some sash windows, and in 1856, the Third Earl remembered the draughty 'French sashes' which were replaced by Smirke. Thomas Farnolls Pritchard was responsible for the remodelling of the ball-room range, which had been detached from the castle following a fire in 1725.

Smirke's Restoration: Some sources suggest that Smirke was working at Powis between 1815 and 1818: but others suggest 1820-1830, and Paul Sandby Munn's water-colours of the castle in 1816 clearly pre-date Smirke's involvement. He refenestrated the castle, re-instating stone mullioned and transomed windows, and also raised the E gate tower by an additional storey to enhance its picturesque status. He also added new embattling, and made some alterations to the internal layout, including enclosing the loggia underneath the long gallery.

Bodley's Restoration: G.F.Bodley made minor alterations to the external appearance of the castle (for example removing the curved angle turret to the N of the E gate tower and replacing it with a canted oriel, and renewing windows, largely in earlier openings), and considerable alterations to the interior, including changes to the layout of rooms (notably the creation of the dining room from two smaller rooms), and an extensive programme of redecoration.

Exterior

Red sandstone rubble throughout, with freestone dressings. Main entrance between the two spurred drum towers of c1300, approached up steps with balustraded parapet which were added c1670 (the twisted urns on the parapet appear to be later additions). The original arched entrance with its tiers of stepped-out mouldings was re-exposed when Bodley re-sited a C17 portal which had previously obscured it. In the S elevation, the central section curves slightly in plan (the possible vestigial C12 shell keep), with a rectilinear tower at the SE angle.This retains some (partially recut) C13 flat- headed lancet windows (one with relieving arch); the rest of the fenestration was established in the C16-C17, including the oriel window of the long gallery immediately right of the W drum tower, but the detail is largely C19-C20 renewal of the earlier mullioned and transomed windows. N elevation has corbelled angle turret (medieval?) to NW; fenestration largely on the C16-C17 pattern, as renewed by Bodley. The stair tower towards the left of this elevation may have been added by Smirke when he moved the kitchens into the outbuildings on the N side of the castle.

E elevation is dominated by the projecting gate tower, probably added in the C15. Rectangular in plan, with curved angle turrets. Fine lierne vaulted ceiling to gate-house passage. Its E portal is late C17: ashlar, with engaged Doric columns flanked by niches with restored statues of Kings Offa and Edgar and surmounted by a balustraded parapet (the portal at the W entrance to the castle, removed by Bodley to the orangery, was originally similarly detailed).The tower was given an additional storey and stair turret by Smirke, and re- fenestrated, presumably at the same time. Some blocked earlier windows are visible, and illustrations suggest that there had previously been sash windows over the entrance. The S portal onto the garden may be by Bodley, reworking an existing feature. Fenestration in the flanking walls also largely renews a pattern of openings set in the C16-C17, but the canted oriel in the right hand angle of the gate tower was added by Bodley, replacing an earlier curved turret.

Inner courtyard is well coursed and squared rubble and balustraded parapet to S and W - associated with the construction of the long gallery, which is lit by a series of wide sash windows. Loggia below the gallery - 4 bays with Doric columns carrying semi-circular arches - was filled-in and glazed by Smirke. The N and E walls of the courtyard appear to be largely late C19-early C20 work: the N wall at least associated with Bodley's work to create the dining room; E portal however is probably late C16 or early C17 (perhaps contemporary with the long gallery?): lozenge rusticated arch carried on Doric columns on high bases; entablature surmounted by twisted urns.The W portal into the courtyard post-dates the long gallery and may be an early C18 interpretation of the classical.

Old kitchen and servants quarters: These buildings form a continuation of the building line of the N curtain wall, immediately N of the main body of the castle. The 2 sections to the E are rubble-faced with brick dressings, and seem to be substantially of C17 date; the rubble embattled wall to the W conceals an earlier layout of buildings - this refronting was probably carried out by Smirke, who moved the domestic offices into these buildings during his restoration of 1820-30. Heavily detailed with bold roll mouldings, and corbelled crenellations.

Interior

Gate passage is canted in plan, with stone vaulted ceiling and two portcullis slots. The two flanking towers retain their internal layout and structure substantially intact, but elsewhere (with the exception of the E gate tower), the internal arrangement owes more to the C16-C17 than to the medieval period. The long gallery is the principle surviving feature of the late C16 period: its wainscoting is painted with trompe l'oeil panels, and the plasterwork of the deep frieze, overmantles and ceiling, all belong to this period. There are other surviving traces of this period in the plaster relief ceilings in window embrasures in the dining room and oak drawing room. Similar plasterwork in SW tower bedroom, with its wall panelling, may also be late C16-early C17.

The late C17 baroque remodelling was probably begun immediately after the Restoration, but its richer later character probably reflects the involvement of William Winde. The state bedroom for instance is largely c1660, although the balustrade which separates the bed alcove from the rest of the room may be slightly later - contemporary with the great staircase, and the panelled lower room in the N tower may also be c1660. The great staircase is attributed to William Winde, and was probably installed between 1673 and 1685, by the First Earl, William Herbert, whose coronet appears in the painted ceiling. The staircase is richly worked, and the symmetrically grouped doorcases at first floor, with enriched pulvinated friezes and scrolled volutes to pediments form part of a single composition with it. The ceiling over the staircase was painted by Antonio Verrio, and has been dated to 1673- 1685, while the wall paintings are by Lanscroon, and are dated 1705. Other late C17-early C18 interiors include the library with its ante-room, both with painted ceilings by Lanscroon (although the rest of the room was re-ordered by Smirke), and the panelled blue drawing room which opens off the head of the great staircase.

Smirke re-ordered the S range of the castle, moving the kitchens, and creating bedrooms in what are now the private apartments. The dining room and oak drawing room were re- modelled by Bodley in 1902-1904, in a Neo-Elizabethan idiom that drew on surviving earlier features in the house (the frieze of the long gallery forms the source for the oak drawing room frieze, for example), as well as sources from elsewhere.

Reasons for Listing

Powis Castle is an outstanding monument which charts a progression from medieval fortress to country house: the extensive survival of the medieval external structure forms the framework for a remarkable series of later interiors, amongst which those of the late C16, and the late C17 Baroque are of exceptional importance.

Views of the castle from the terraces.

Seen from the other side of the Great Lawn.

1934 Mercedes-Benz 500K (c) Bernard Egger :: rumoto images 2268 by © Bernard Egger 📷

photographer | Bernard Egger.. • collections • sets

event | 2010 ENNSTAL-CLASSIC • Styria 💚 Austria

licence | for any user agreement please contact Bernard Egger.

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Ownership stamp in Albertus Magnus [pseudo-]: Secreta mulierum et virorum (cum expositione Henrici de Saxonia) by University of Glasgow Library

Albertus Magnus [pseudo-]: Secreta mulierum et virorum (cum expositione Henrici de Saxonia). [Venice: Adam de Rottweil], 24 June 1478. Opening page of the “preambula” ([1r]) with circular bookstamp of the “Museo Cavaleri”, the private museum in Milan of Michele Cavaleri (ca. 1813 - ca. 1875). Sp Coll Ferguson Ah-b.23.

Lancia Gamma Coupe by Peter Blackert

The Lancia Gamma came into being despite some not inconsiderable setbacks. It was the first Lancia produced under Fiat’s ownership and was developed in conjunction with Citroen and the CX. The car was to comprise the best of what both companies could offer including amongst other things, Citroen’s trademark hydraulic suspension. Two models were designed by Pininfarina, the Berlina (saloon) and the Coupe.

The Coupe was produced at the Pininfarina facility alongside the Ferrari 400, and the Berlina model was built by Lancia. Released to unsuspecting owners in 1976, from the word go the car quickly developed a reputation for mechanical fragility. The decision to run the power steering pump from one of the timing belts proved to be the principal cause of an early death. A cold morning combined with a dose of full lock on startup was enough to cause the timing belt to slip with the results being terminal for the engine. Cam shafts wore prematurely due to lack of lubrication, auto gearboxes failed due to blocked galleries, cylinder liner gaskets were made out of paper which failed easily and allowed to coolant to mix with oil, which main bearings do not like at all apparently! Front wishbones were made out of tin foil and……well you get the idea.

A fit Gamma Coupe is a wonderous machine, the 2.5 litre boxer engine throbs menacingly at idle but delivers a heroically broad spread of torque, starting just above idle and giving the car effortless performance and driveability. At 80mph/4000 rpm it is smooth and vibration free and feels at its happiest. The flat four engine enabled the designers to maximize the benefit of a low center of gravity (in the Coupe at least) and the car has outstanding handling compared to many modern cars – it must have been a revelation at launch. Staying flat through corners, the balance is magical and especially when you consider the suspension is compliant and soaks up bumps with contempt.

When I look at the ashes of Lancia today, a once proud, engineering-led company reduced to re-badged Chryslers, it’s easy to see the roots of their demise in the Gamma. A brilliantly designed car starved of development and constructed from low quality materials.

The Lancia Gamma was a front-wheel drive car with longitudinally-mounted boxer engine and with either a 5-speed manual transmission and later a 4-speed automatic transmission.[1] The Gamma received a midcycle face-lift, receiving Bosch L-Jetronic fuel injection as well as a new corporate grille, 15-inch "sunburst" alloy wheels, and a revised interior with new instrumentation, interior lighting, badging, handbrake and gear lever gaiter.

Though Fiat had planned to use one of their V6 engines, Lancia developed unique flat-4 engines for the Gamma. The Lancia Flavia and Flavia Coupe had used 1.8 and 2.0 litre flat four engines. Engine designer De Virgilio also drew up an engine for the Gamma which was a V6 4-cam with either 3- or 4-litre displacement, but this never came to fruition.

The flat engine, though large for a modern 4-cylinder petrol engine, lacked the cachet associated with six and eight cylinder engines but enabled Pininfarina chief stylist Aldo Brovarone to lower the coupé's bonnet line and to steeply rake its windscreen.

Pressure cast in alloy with wet cylinder liners, the engine was light and though it only produced 140 bhp (104 kW), (120 bhp (89 kW) in 2.0-litre form) its torque was available at just 2000 rpm.

Initially available with a displacement of 2.5 L (Gamma 2500), it was later joined by a 2.0 L version (Gamma 2000), which resulted from the Italian tax system (cars with engines larger than 2.0 L are subject to heavier tax burden). The displacement was lowered by decreasing the bore rather than the stroke of the engine. Both displacements were using Weber carburetors, and the 2.5 L also came in a version fitted with fuel injection (Gamma 2500 I.E.)

2.0 L carburetor 8v SOHC flat-4 - 1999 cc, 115 PS (85 kW)

2.5 L carburetor 8v SOHC flat-4 - 2484 cc, 140 PS (103 kW)

2.5 L I.E. 8v SOHC flat-4 - 2484 cc, 140 PS (103 kW)

Ownership inscription of humanist Franciscus Mymerus (ca. 1500-1592); inscription recording the gift of this volume from Caspar Elcner to Melchior Poppe (fl. 1570-1597); ownership inscription of Antonius Mitteiss by POP

4

At top:

Sum Fran. Mymeri

Thorunien[sis]. 1558.

[Dated 16th-century ms. ownership inscription of humanist Franciscus Mymerus (ca. 1500-1592) of Toruń, Poland, who published a Dictionarium trium linguarum (Latin, German and Polish) in 1528.

Established heading: Mymerus, Franciscus]

At center:

Casparus Elcner Martisburg[ensis]: pastor Neostadiens[is]:

dono dedit Magistro Melchiori Poppio pastori Holens[i]:

necessitudinis ergo

Anno 1596.

[Dated late 16th-century ms. inscription recording the gift of this volume from Caspar Elcner, a native of Merseburg, Germany, and pastor at Neustadtl (now Jezvé, Czech Republic) to Melchior Poppe (fl. 1570-1597), pastor at Hohlen (now Holany, Czech Republic) near Böhmisch-Leipa (now Česká Lípa). Poppe was a Catholic priest and a member of the Cistercian order who later converted to Lutheranism, under which confession he served at Hohlen. Poppe published Latin verses on the occasion of two weddings, one each in 1570 and 1571 (cf. VD 16 P 4255, ZV 12671), and a pair of funerary sermons in 1597 (cf. VD 16 ZV 12672).

DNB heading: Poppe, Melchior]

At bottom:

Ex libris Antonij Mitteiss

[Ownership inscription of Antonius Mitteiss.]

Penn Libraries call number: Inc G-36 Folio

All images from this book

Penn Libraries catalog record

Ownership inscription of Heinrich Fuchs (1624-1689) by POP

2

Henrici Vulpij

Vicarij Generalis

[Mid-17th-century ms. ownership inscription of Heinrich Fuchs (1624-1689), canon of the Kathedrale St. Nikolaus in Fribourg, Switzerland, and vicar general of the diocese of Lausanne (1658-1663), who inherited a substantial portion of Peter Falck's library. According to this description of another of Falck's books with similar provenance, "After his death Falck's library passed to his daughter Ursula von Praroman. It was subsequently divided between her two sons Nikolaus and Wilhelm, and passed down through their families, to be more or less reunited in the late 17th century in the Capuchin convent at Fribourg. The present volume was one of those inherited by Wilhelm; this group passed by descent to one Anna Marie von Lanthen-Heidt, a wealthy noblewoman who had married Wilhelm's grandson Nikolaus von Praroman en secondes noces. After her husband's death in 1675 Anna gave the books to her friend the vicar-general Heinrich Fuchs. Fuchs in turn gave part of the books to the Capuchins the year before he died; the remainder passed to the convent after his death in 1689." (For more information on Falck's library, see A. Wagner, Peter Falcks Bibliothek und humanistische Bildung (Bern: P. Haupt, 1926).)

VIAF entry: Fuchs, Heinrich, 1624-1689]

Penn Libraries call number: Inc A-1192

All images from this book

Penn Libraries catalog record

Lake District April 2015 (2) 009 - Saplings reflected in Thirlmere by Mark Schofield

We managed to get up to The Lake District for a few days at Easter. We got away from work on Good Friday afternoon and spent three hours covering 110 miles, the M61 and M6 were very slow or stopped. As ever once there we soon left the hassle behind. We were using a B&B that we used very regularly for ten years until the owner passed away quite suddenly. Now under new ownership it has been totally gutted and refurbished, it’s very nice but twice as expensive.

We were out in good time on Saturday, it was dull and cool but very calm. I’d deliberated for ages as to where to walk, wanting to avoid the worst of the Easter crowds. It was the busiest I’d seen the Lakes for a long time amd the North Lakes in particular had stunning weather, the South Lakes had dense fog in places until the afternoon and was much cooler – but not cold. Parking in Patterdale we headed up Arnison Crag, on to Birks aiming for St Sunday Crag. This was where it started to go wrong. I got a sudden pain in my right ankle, near a previous serious ankle injury, it’s not unusual to get a bit of pain in this ankle but it got worse. My ankle felt like it was in a vice. On the plus side the cloud which was very low initially was clearing higher at the same speed that we were climbing. We scrambled over Cofa Pike through some snow on to Fairfield and for a change the summit was clear with glorious views. I had to undo my gaiter and slacken my boot, my ankle was swelling and bruising. I took paracetemol and carried on – I didn’t have much choice really. We walked to Hart Crag out to Dove Crag, back to Hart Crag as we wanted to head down over Hartsop above How. We stopped for a quick sandwich and pot of lemon tea before heading down the rocky path. By now I was suffering but still able to walk fairly fast. The yomp back along the road to Patterdale was tough. We covered 11.5 miles in around five hours, which was OK for a first walk in the mountains for a while. We drove to Keswick wanting to get to Brysons tearooms for cake and coffee. Keswick was packed and sunny and we had to walk in half a mile, that was painful, my ankle was agony until I got it loosened up. Toasted Plum Bread, apple pie and ice cream and coffee made up for the grief.

On Sunday I knew I couldn’t walk much. I was applying Ibuprofen Gel regularly but it was going to be a car and camera day. There was dense fog when we set off so I decided we needed to be somewhere attractive when it started to clear, I just didn’t know when that was going to be. We drove into Langdale and the fog broke to reveal Blue sky and the top of the Langdale Pikes, it was fantastic. I immediately thought of Blea Tarn and drove up the pass out of Langdale. I expected to find, as is usual, tripods in a row, with photographers clicking away. There wasn’t a soul, it was so calm and peaceful – and beautiful – I couldn’t believe my luck. I limped as fast as I could to the Tarn, unfortunately an overnight camper, who I chatted with about the beauty, reflections and the camera I was carrying, did her best to encourage her dog into the water and she got in to get washed. It was so calm that the ripples would cross the entire tarn and spoil the photos. I shot as quick as I could, moving away from her all the time. I think I had around 15 minutes at the most before a breeze – that I couldn’t feel – started to ripple the water. The reflections disappeared and it was over. Without the bad ankle I would have missed this tranquillity as we would have been toiling up out first climb of the day. The fog stayed put in the South Lakes but we headed north over Dunmail Raise to blue sky and 17 degrees.

On Monday after 36 hours of Ibuprofen I felt that my ankle would stand a six or seven miler – but where? We had very thick fog in Ambleside so again I drove over Dunmail Raise and again it was fantastic. I could see the chance of some good photos around Thirlmere but I had to get waterside at a point where the view wasn’t obstructed with saplings and bushes growing out of the water. This was easier said than done, it took three attempts to get a decent location. I had reflections, hanging mist, water and mountains – and wet feet again, fortunately I had my walking boots and socks to put on for the walk ahead. After my photo chase we parked at Steel End and headed up the steep nose of Steel Fell. It’s a tough climb but the view over Thirlmere was great. We could see the wall of fog to the south and I was looking forward to getting to the top, hoping that we would be able to see over it with mountains poking out of a sea of white. This was exactly as it was, the Lion and the Lamb on Helm Crag looked like an island in the sea of mist. We walked along the ridge to Calf Crag with clear views to the north and a sea on mist to the south, it looked like the right choice again. We were going to head down Wythburn back to Thirlmere. Wyth Burn runs through a secluded hanging valley through an area called The Bog. I’ve walked down here a few times and at first glance it looks dry – they didn’t name it The Bog for nothing – it is extremely wet. It doesn’t matter how high you walk to avoid it – you can’t! We were wet above the gaiters by the time we got back and it was tough on the ankle. Brysons here we come, another beautiful hot day in Keswick but back to work tomorrow.

Powis Castle - cannon by Elliott Brown