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The tomb of Shah Rukn-e-Alam was built between 1320 and 1324, is an unmatched pre-Moghul masterpiece. The Mausoleum of Rukn-i-Alam could possibly be considered as the glory of Multan.
From whichever side the city is approached, the most prominent thing that can be seen from miles all around is a huge dome. This dome is the Shrine of the saint. The tomb is located on the southwest side of the Fort premises. This elegant building is an octagon, 51 feet 9 inches in diameter internally, with walls 41 feet 4 inches high and 13 feet 3 inches thick, supported at the angles by sloping towers. Over this is a smaller octagon 25 feet 8 inches, on the exterior side, and 26 feet 10 inches high, leaving a narrow passage all round the top of the lower storey for the Moazzan, or public caller to prayers. The whole is surmounted by a hemispherical dome of 58 feet external diameter. The total height of the building, including a plinth of 3 feet, is 100 feet. As it stands on the high ground, the total height above the road level is 150 feet.[4]
Besides its religious importance, the mausoleum is also of considerable archaeological value as its dome is reputed to be the second largest in the world. The mausoleum is built entirely of red brick, bounded with beams of shisham wood, which have now turned black after so many centuries. The whole of the exterior is elaborately ornamented with glazed tile panels, string-courses and battlements. Colors used are dark blue, azure, and white, contrasted with the deep red of the finely polished bricks.
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April 2012,
Nikon D800,
Nikkor 14-24 f/2.8@14mm,
f/5, 1/1000s, 100 ISO,
GP-1 GPS Module
Shah Rukn e Alam was born in Multan on Friday, 26 November 1251. He was the grandson and successor of Sheikh Baha-ud-din Zakariya. He was buried in the mausoleum of his grandfather, according to his own will. After sometime, however, his coffin was transferred to the present mausoleum.
The saint is still revered today and his tomb is the focus of over 100,000 lovers from all over South Asia. The tomb was built between 1320 and 1324 in the pre-Mughal architectural style. The tomb is said to have built by Ghias-ud-Din Tughlak (r.1320-1325 AD) during his governorship of Depalpur, between 1320 and 1324. In the 1970s, the mausoleum was thoroughly repaired and renovated by the Auqaf Department. The entire glittering glazed interior is the result of new tiles and brickwork done by the Kashigars of Multan. The tomb is on the tentative list as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Sheikh Rukn-ud-Din Abul Fath (1251-1335) commonly known by the title Rukn-e-Alam (pillar of the world) was among the eminent Sufi saints from Multan, Pakistan.
The Shaikh was the son of Pir Sadar-Al-Din Arif born at Multan on Friday, the 9th of Ramadan 649 Hijri (26 November 1251). He was the grandson and successor of Shaikh Baha-Ud-Din Zakariya.
Shaikh Rukn-e-Alam (Rukn-al-Din) died on Friday, the 7th of Jumada al-awwal 735 Hijri (3 January 1335). He was buried in the mausoleum of his grandfather, according to his own will. After sometime, however, his coffin was transferred to the present mausoleum.
The saint is still revered today and his tomb is the focus of the pilgrimage of over 100,000 pilgrims from all over South Asia who visit and commemorate his memory.
The tomb of Shah Rukn-e-Alam was built between 1320 and 1324, is an unmatched pre-Moghul masterpiece. The Mausoleum of Rukn-i-Alam could possibly be considered as the glory of Multan.
From whichever side the city is approached, the most prominent thing that can be seen from miles all around is a huge dome. This dome is the Shrine of the saint. The tomb is located on the southwest side of the Fort premises. This elegant building is an octagon, 51 feet 9 inches in diameter internally, with walls 41 feet 4 inches high and 13 feet 3 inches thick, supported at the angles by sloping towers. Over this is a smaller octagon 25 feet 8 inches, on the exterior side, and 26 feet 10 inches high, leaving a narrow passage all round the top of the lower storey for the Moazzan, or public caller to prayers. The whole is surmounted by a hemispherical dome of 58 feet external diameter. The total height of the building, including a plinth of 3 feet, is 100 feet. As it stands on the high ground, the total height above the road level is 150 feet.
Besides its religious importance, the mausoleum is also of considerable archaeological value as its dome is reputed to be the second largest in the world, after Gol Gumbaz of Bijapur, India, which is the largest. The mausoleum is built entirely of red brick, bounded with beams of shisham wood, which have now turned black after so many centuries. The whole of the exterior is elaborately ornamented with glazed tile panels, string-courses and battlements. Colors used are dark blue, azure, and white, contrasted with the deep red of the finely polished bricks.
The tomb was said to have been built by Ghias-ud-Din Tughlak (r. 1320-1325) for himself during the days of his governorship of Depalpur, between 1320 and 1324 AD, but was given by his son, Muhammad bin Tughluq to the descendents of Shah Rukn-e-Alam for the latter’s burial in 1330.
The mausoleum of Rukn-e-Alam has been admired by not only the travelers and chroniclers but also by the art-historians and archaeologist who wrote the architectural history of the subcontinent.
In the 1970s the mausoleum was thoroughly repaired and renovated by the Auqaf Department of the Punjab Government. The entire glittering glazed interior is the result of new tiles and brickwork done by the Kashigars of Multan
Ghanta Ghar
Ghanta Ghar or Clock Tower of Multan was built in 1884 A.D. during British Raj in Indian Subcontinent. After
passing municipal act 1883 British needed offices to run the city. They started constructing Ghanta Ghar in Multan
on 12 February 1884 and it took 4 years to completely build this building. It was constructed over the ruins of
Haveli of Ahmad Khan Sadozai which was completely destroyed during Siege of Multan. The hall and building was named
'Ripon Hall and Ripon Building' after the name of Ripon, viceroy of India at that time. And clock tower was named
Northbrook Tower after the name of Northbrook, a former viceroy of India (1872-1876).
This building was completed, opened and offices shifted in 1888.
Hall was named 'Jinnah Hall' after partition of India and it used for office meetings, cultural programs and public
was also allowed to enter here. With passage of time this building became insufficient for offices and small hall
was also insufficient for meetings, so offices were shifted from here. Now idea is to change this historic building
into a museum.
Clock of Clock Tower
Multan Fort is located in Center of City near to Multan Cricket Club next to Shah Rukn-e-Alam’s Mazar, Multan, Pakistan. It was built in 17th century it divided city, there is no fort now as it was destroyed by British but entire place is known as fort. Multan Fort was created by Murad Baksh son of Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan.
Multan is one of the oldest cities of South Asia and is usually known as the hub of saints and their shrines. It is also famous for its ceramics and pottery. These blue ceramics, also knows as kashikaari, have become a part of its identity. Decorative blue tiles and patterns can be seen in buildings such as shrines, tombs and mosques.
Kashikaari derives influences from Central Asia, Persia and Mongols. Blue pottery was also used by the royalty. The art has survived for centuries through generations as its trade secrets like composition of colours were zealously guarded by a handful of artist and their families
multanbluepottery.blogspot.com/p/about-us.html
The origin of this art form dates back centuries all the way to the medieval period, however, anyone looking at a Kashi piece can clearly see the strong influence it takes from Persian and Turkish pottery forms. Some people also credit the Chinese for influencing this art form indirectly and trace the influence back to Kashgher, China. Over the years, Kashi has truly adopted a local identity and is an identity for Multan the world over.
The Tomb of Shah Rukn-e-Alam located in Multan, Pakistan, is the mausoleum of the Sufi saint Sheikh Rukn-ud-Din Abul Fateh.
The tomb was built between 1320 and 1324 CE in the pre-Mughal architectural style. The tomb is said to have built by Ghias-ud-Din Tughlak (r.1320-1325 AD) during his governorship of Depalpur, between 1320 and 1324 CE and was given by his son, Muhammad bin Tughluq to the descendants of Shah Rukn-e-Alam for the latter’s burial in 1330. In the 1970s, the mausoleum was thoroughly repaired and renovated by the Auqaf Department.
The entire glittering glazed interior is the result of new tiles and brickwork done by the Kashigars of Multan.
Ghanta Ghar or Clock Tower of Multan was built in 1884 A.D. during British Raj in Indian Subcontinent. After passing municipal act 1883 British needed offices to run the city. They started constructing Ghanta Ghar in Multan on 12 February 1884 and it took 4 years to completely build this building. It was constructed over the ruins of Haveli of Ahmad Khan Sadozai which was completely destroyed during Siege of Multan. The hall and building was named 'Ripon Hall and Ripon Building' after the name of Ripon, viceroy of India at that time. And clock tower was named Northbrook Tower after the name of Northbrook, a former viceroy of India (1872-1876).
This building was completed, opened and offices shifted in 1888.
Hall was named 'Jinnah Hall' after partition of India and it used for office meetings, cultural programs and public was also allowed to enter here. With passage of time this building became insufficient for offices and small hall was also insufficient for meetings, so offices were shifted from here. Now idea is to change this historic building into a museum.
Tomb of Shah Rukn-i-'Alam
This 14th-century Tughlug-period tomb is one of the outstanding architectural treasures of Pakistan. Conservation commenced in late 1971 and was completed in six years. Because of the monument's dilapidated condition the repair work required was extensive. The foundations and the lower sections of the brick walls were rebuilt, destroyed tiles were replaced, damaged woodwork repaired and the site landscaped. This project required the establishment of a training programme for Pakistani craftsmen in the traditional crafts of glazed Multan tile work, wood carving and terra cotta. Indigenous craftsmen who had inherited the knowledge of these crafts trained a total of 33 novices, now active in other conservation efforts as well as in new building. The jury commended this restoration for its
contribution to reviving some of the great crafts of 600 years ago and promoting similar building activity throughout the country.
Portrait of a Pakistani sell religious symbols seller around Shrine of Shah Rukn-e-Alam, Multan, Pakistan.
Shaik-ul Islam Rukn-i-Alam was the grandson of Hazrat Bahaul Huq Zakriya, the great Suharwardy teacher. He was the son and successor of Sadruddin Muhammad Arif. He was born in the year 649/1251 and was brought up under the direct supervision of the great spiritual leader of the time - his grandfather. In his childhood he was lovingly called Shah Jalula. In 1309 he succeeded to the Suharwardy Silsila and was appointed as Shaikh ul Islam by Ala-uddin Khilji – a position which he maintained throughout the Khilji Dynasty as well as the Tughlaq period. He enjoyed a very privileged position in the imperial circles and had very cordial and friendly relation with his contemporary saints and scholars and officers of the court. Beside the khanqah which he inherited, he also established a madrassa called Madrassa-i-Bahaiya. Shaikh Rukn-i-Alam died at the age of 86 in the year 735/1335 and, according to his own desire, was buried in the mausoleum of his grandfather. But later on his coffin was transferred to the present site, where, according to a popular belief, this beautiful building had already been built by Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq during his governorship of Depalpur. It was gifted by Firuz Shah Tughlaq to the successors of the saint for latter’s burial. Dr. Ahmad Nabi Khan (p.217) however, does not agree with this popular assertion. On the contrary he believes that the tomb was constructed by the Saint himself but when he died, the construction work was not yet complete. According to the tenants of Islam he was buried in the tomb of his grandfather temporarily and later on, when the building was ready; his coffin was exhumed and brought to its present place as permitted in Islam. The exact date of construction of this colossal and most original building has not been recorded. But, it is certain that the building was completed a little after the death of the saint in 735/1334-35 and that should be considered the date of its construction. It might have taken 10 to 15 years to complete a building of such a colossal scale
The tomb was built between 1320 and 1324 AD in the pre-Moghul architectural style. The tomb was said to have been built by Ghias-ud-Din Tughlak (r.1320-1325 AD) for use during his governorship of Depalpur, between 1320 and 1324 AD, but was then given by his son, Muhammad bin Tughluq to the descendents of Shah Rukn-e-Alam for the latter’s burial in 1330. The mausoleum became a site of pilgrimage.
In the 1970s the mausoleum was thoroughly repaired and renovated by the Auqaf Department of the Punjab Government. The entire glittering glazed interior is the result of new tiles and brickwork done by the Kashigars of Multan.
The tomb is on the tentative list as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Canon EOS 6D - ISO 500 - 25 Sec - 14mm
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Multan is a Pakistani city and headquarters of Multan District in the province of Punjab. Located on the banks of the Chenab River, Multan is Pakistan's 5th most populous city, and is the premier cultural and economic center of southern Punjab.
Multan's history stretches deep into antiquity. The ancient city was site of the renowned Multan Sun Temple, and was besieged by Alexander the Great during the Mallian Campaign. Multan was one of the most important trading centers of medieval Islamic India.
The 10th century Arab historian Al-Masudi noted Multan as the city where Central Asian caravans from Islamic Khorasan would assemble. The 10th century Persian geographer Estakhri noted that the city of Multan was approximately half the size of Sindh's Mansura, which along with Multan were the only two Arab principalities in South Asia. Arabic and Sindhi were spoken in both cities, though the inhabitants of Multan were reported by Estakhri to also have been speakers of Persian, reflecting the importance of trade with Khorasan. Polyglossia rendered Multani merchants culturally well-suited for trade with the Islamic world.
In 1541, Sher Shah Suri ordered construction of a road between Lahore and Multan in order to connect Multan to his massive Grand Trunk Road project. Multan then served as the starting point for trade caravans from medieval India departing towards West Asia.
The 15th century Multani caravanserai in Baku, Azerbaijan, was built to house visiting Multani merchants in the city.
Multan served as medieval Islamic India's trans-regional mercantile center for trade with the Islamic world. It rose as an important trading and mercantile center in the setting of political stability offered by the Delhi Sultanate, the Lodis, and Mughals. The renowned Arab explorer Ibn Battuta visited Multan in the 1300s during the reign of Muhammad Tughluq, and noted that Multan was a trading centre for horses imported from as far away as the Russian Steppe.
The extent of Multan's influence is also reflected in the construction of the Multani caravanserai in Baku, Azerbaijan — which was built in the 15th to house Multani merchants visiting the city. Legal records from the Uzbek city of Bukhara note that Multani merchants settled and owned land in the city in the late 1550s.
Multan would remain an important trading center until the city was ravaged by repeated invasions in the 18th and 19th centuries in the post-Mughal era. Many of Multan's merchants then migrated to Shikarpur in Sindh, and were found throughout Central Asia up until the 19th century.
Picture taken in 1983.