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Moderated by Peter Scharf, the Public Safety Panel addressed issues of crime, NOPD reform and community action. Panelists included independent police monitor Susan Hutson, NOPD Chief Ronal Serpas, Jon Wool of the Vera Institute and Allen James of Safe Streets.
We Are BOOST board leader and college professor, Alvyn Haywood - far left - co-moderates Inventing Future forum for We Are BOOST and Full Rebuilding/Inside Out Panel - left to right: Sa Mut Angela Scott, Dr. Renee Walker, Patricia Lindsay-Harvey, Amini K. Sababu, Lydia Chambers, Amy Iseneker, and RJ Harper. Photo courtesy RJ Harper - JC
With only moderate climbing involved (or bring a friend's car too and shuttle the climb), and not requiring a lot of time to ride, these two trails can keep almost anyone interested. Advanced riders (or Intermediate riders improving their skills) will enjoy the optional jumps, rock features, and logs along the Corral trail. And the Sidewinder trail, which parallels upper Corral before joining back up with it, provides an option for beginners of all ages--or any rider looking for a winding, smooth trail. Directions: Same as Corral.
Photo by Ben Fish.
The twenty-third among the 24 solar terms falls around 6 January when the sun reaches the celestial longitude of 285 degrees.
Suitable and timely nourishment can help replenish the qi and blood which were weakened after spring, summer and autumn. Nourishment in winter is best done through diet and Chinese medicinal cuisine of gentle nature, such as ginseng, astragalus, donkey hide gelatine, longan flesh, Chinese caterpillar fungus, walnut, mutton, duck meat and eel. Sleep early, get up late and keep the body warm.
Mingle Media TV and Red Carpet Report host, Linda Antwi, were invited to cover the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences's Evening with “Game of Thrones,” at the TCL Chinese Theater in Hollywood. The live stream panel was moderated by Rob McElhenney, Star and Creator of “It’s Always Sunny in Philadelphia.” The sold out event hosted by the Academy of Television gave Academy members and their guests a special, behind-the-scenes look inside HBO’s award-winning fantasy series with creator George R. R. Martin on hand along with the HBO Executive Producers David Benioff and D.B. Weiss and several of the cast members.
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About “Game of Thrones”
Based on the bestselling fantasy book series by George R.R. Martin, GAME OF THRONES. Created and executive produced by David Benioff and D.B. Weiss, GAME OF THRONES is an epic story of treachery and nobility. Set on the continent of Westeros, where summers and winters can last years, GAME OF THRONES follows the men and women of Westeros in their bloody struggle for the coveted Iron Throne. The Emmy®- and Golden Globe-winning series returns for its ten-episode third season SUNDAY, MARCH 31 (9:00-10:00 p.m. ET/PT). www.facebook.com/GameOfThrones
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Moderated by Peter Scharf, the Public Safety Panel addressed issues of crime, NOPD reform and community action. Panelists included independent police monitor Susan Hutson, NOPD Chief Ronal Serpas, Jon Wool of the Vera Institute and Allen James of Safe Streets.
No traveler around the globe avoid the opportunity of being a part of Everest Base camp trekking & Kalapather if one is to come to visit Nepal. A research shows that 80 % of the total tourist who come Nepal have dream to go to Everest Base Camp and they want to witness the top of the world, Mt. Everest along with other world highest mountains above 8 thousands meter. Since every travelers dream is to witness Mt. Everest from Everest Base Camp, they start with other easy and moderate treks and ultimately they do Everest Base.
The trekking trail, Everest Base Camp & Kalapathar having been located at the highest altitude of the world offers a wide variety of Himalayan insights as a whole entire insight of Nepal Himalaya. The trail you use to go to Everest Base Camp is the legendary trekking trail used by two legendary climbers, Tenjing Norgay Sherpa and Edmund Hillary who successfully scaled the top of the world, Mt. Everest. After a short and scenic flight to Lukla from Kathmandu, the trekking to Everest Base Camp commences. Namche Bazaar is the gateway to Everest Base Camp trekking where you will have a spare day for acclimatization. It is a beautiful city in the lap of Himalaya. Namche Bazaar and Hotel Everest View at the top of the hill offer you some panoramic view of the mountain located in Everest Region.
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No traveler around the globe avoid the opportunity of being a part of Everest Base camp trekking & Kalapather if one is to come to visit Nepal. A research shows that 80 % of the total tourist who come Nepal have dream to go to Everest Base Camp and they want to witness the top of the world, Mt. Everest along with other world highest mountains above 8 thousands meter. Since every travelers dream is to witness Mt. Everest from Everest Base Camp, they start with other easy and moderate treks and ultimately they do Everest Base.
The trekking trail, Everest Base Camp & Kalapathar having been located at the highest altitude of the world offers a wide variety of Himalayan insights as a whole entire insight of Nepal Himalaya. The trail you use to go to Everest Base Camp is the legendary trekking trail used by two legendary climbers, Tenjing Norgay Sherpa and Edmund Hillary who successfully scaled the top of the world, Mt. Everest. After a short and scenic flight to Lukla from Kathmandu, the trekking to Everest Base Camp commences. Namche Bazaar is the gateway to Everest Base Camp trekking where you will have a spare day for acclimatization. It is a beautiful city in the lap of Himalaya. Namche Bazaar and Hotel Everest View at the top of the hill offer you some panoramic view of the mountain located in Everest Region.
As the trail ascends up to Tengboche , the trip changes into , more or less, a spiritual trekking for the tourists will get opportunity to experience holy monasteries, prayer flags and holy carvings on stones. And One of the considerable highlights of Everest Base Camp & Kalapatthar trekking is Sagarmaha National Park which is a world heritage site of UNESCO. The rocky terrain and deep gorges of this park are considerably adventurous and exciting to go through. The Sagarmatha National park spreads over an area of 1,148 sq. km and ranges from 3,300 mtr (11,000 ft) to 8,848 mtr (29,029 ft) which is listed as the National park located at the highest altitude from the sea level on earth. Besides, the park is abode to many wildlife and birds including musk deer, Derow, Ghoral and Himalayan Thar as well as red-billed chough, impheyan pheasant, blood pheasant and yellow billed chough.
Finally, a climb to Kalapathar and Everest Base Camp offers you the most astonishing view of the top of the world, Mt. Everest, (above eight thousands ) Lhotse (8,516m) ,Makalu (8463m) , cho oyu (8201m) , Nuptse (7,879m) Pumori (7,165m)Tawachee (6542m), Cholatse (6542m) and numerous other famous peaks above 6,000 m. At the moment you will entirely feel ecstatic that you are deeply in love with the giant peaks.http://teamhimalaya.com/package/everest-base-camp-kalapathar-trek/
Vouno (Greek: Βουνό; Turkish: Yukarı Taşkent or Taşkent) is a village in the Kyrenia District of Cyprus. De facto, it is under the control of Northern Cyprus. Its population in 2011 was 299.
The village of Vouno (meaning mountain in Greek) is located 10 kilometres north of Nicosia in Cyprus. Its name derives from the fact that it lies at an altitude of 380 meters above sea level and is the highest village on the south side of the Pentadaktylos mountain range. The village of Vouno is one of the 60 villages in Cyprus originally inhabited by Maronites.
With the Turkish invasion of Cyprus in 1974, the inhabitants of the village of Vouno, like almost all the Greek and Maronite residents of the Turkish-occupied northern part of Cyprus, became refugees. The Turks renamed the village into "Taşkent" and destroyed the two Greek Orthodox churches in the village, that of Saint George and the Holy Cross. The Maronite church of Saint Romanos escaped destruction because the Turkish occupying forces decided to turn it into a museum. Thus, today the church is in good condition, at least externally, since nobody knows how it looks internally because it always remains shut and inaccessible.
Northern Cyprus, officially the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC), is a de facto state that comprises the northeastern portion of the island of Cyprus. It is recognised only by Turkey, and its territory is considered by all other states to be part of the Republic of Cyprus.
Northern Cyprus extends from the tip of the Karpass Peninsula in the northeast to Morphou Bay, Cape Kormakitis and its westernmost point, the Kokkina exclave in the west. Its southernmost point is the village of Louroujina. A buffer zone under the control of the United Nations stretches between Northern Cyprus and the rest of the island and divides Nicosia, the island's largest city and capital of both sides.
A coup d'état in 1974, performed as part of an attempt to annex the island to Greece, prompted the Turkish invasion of Cyprus. This resulted in the eviction of much of the north's Greek Cypriot population, the flight of Turkish Cypriots from the south, and the partitioning of the island, leading to a unilateral declaration of independence by the north in 1983. Due to its lack of recognition, Northern Cyprus is heavily dependent on Turkey for economic, political and military support.
Attempts to reach a solution to the Cyprus dispute have been unsuccessful. The Turkish Army maintains a large force in Northern Cyprus with the support and approval of the TRNC government, while the Republic of Cyprus, the European Union as a whole, and the international community regard it as an occupation force. This military presence has been denounced in several United Nations Security Council resolutions.
Northern Cyprus is a semi-presidential, democratic republic with a cultural heritage incorporating various influences and an economy that is dominated by the services sector. The economy has seen growth through the 2000s and 2010s, with the GNP per capita more than tripling in the 2000s, but is held back by an international embargo due to the official closure of the ports in Northern Cyprus by the Republic of Cyprus. The official language is Turkish, with a distinct local dialect being spoken. The vast majority of the population consists of Sunni Muslims, while religious attitudes are mostly moderate and secular. Northern Cyprus is an observer state of ECO and OIC under the name "Turkish Cypriot State", PACE under the name "Turkish Cypriot Community", and Organization of Turkic States with its own name.
Several distinct periods of Cypriot intercommunal violence involving the two main ethnic communities, Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots, marked mid-20th century Cyprus. These included the Cyprus Emergency of 1955–59 during British rule, the post-independence Cyprus crisis of 1963–64, and the Cyprus crisis of 1967. Hostilities culminated in the 1974 de facto division of the island along the Green Line following the Turkish invasion of Cyprus. The region has been relatively peaceful since then, but the Cyprus dispute has continued, with various attempts to solve it diplomatically having been generally unsuccessful.
Cyprus, an island lying in the eastern Mediterranean, hosted a population of Greeks and Turks (four-fifths and one-fifth, respectively), who lived under British rule in the late nineteenth-century and the first half of the twentieth-century. Christian Orthodox Church of Cyprus played a prominent political role among the Greek Cypriot community, a privilege that it acquired during the Ottoman Empire with the employment of the millet system, which gave the archbishop an unofficial ethnarch status.
The repeated rejections by the British of Greek Cypriot demands for enosis, union with Greece, led to armed resistance, organised by the National Organization of Cypriot Struggle, or EOKA. EOKA, led by the Greek-Cypriot commander George Grivas, systematically targeted British colonial authorities. One of the effects of EOKA's campaign was to alter the Turkish position from demanding full reincorporation into Turkey to a demand for taksim (partition). EOKA's mission and activities caused a "Cretan syndrome" (see Turkish Resistance Organisation) within the Turkish Cypriot community, as its members feared that they would be forced to leave the island in such a case as had been the case with Cretan Turks. As such, they preferred the continuation of British colonial rule and then taksim, the division of the island. Due to the Turkish Cypriots' support for the British, EOKA's leader, Georgios Grivas, declared them to be enemies. The fact that the Turks were a minority was, according to Nihat Erim, to be addressed by the transfer of thousands of Turks from mainland Turkey so that Greek Cypriots would cease to be the majority. When Erim visited Cyprus as the Turkish representative, he was advised by Field Marshal Sir John Harding, the then Governor of Cyprus, that Turkey should send educated Turks to settle in Cyprus.
Turkey actively promoted the idea that on the island of Cyprus two distinctive communities existed, and sidestepped its former claim that "the people of Cyprus were all Turkish subjects". In doing so, Turkey's aim to have self-determination of two to-be equal communities in effect led to de jure partition of the island.[citation needed] This could be justified to the international community against the will of the majority Greek population of the island. Dr. Fazil Küçük in 1954 had already proposed Cyprus be divided in two at the 35° parallel.
Lindley Dan, from Notre Dame University, spotted the roots of intercommunal violence to different visions among the two communities of Cyprus (enosis for Greek Cypriots, taksim for Turkish Cypriots). Also, Lindlay wrote that "the merging of church, schools/education, and politics in divisive and nationalistic ways" had played a crucial role in creation of havoc in Cyprus' history. Attalides Michael also pointed to the opposing nationalisms as the cause of the Cyprus problem.
By the mid-1950's, the "Cyprus is Turkish" party, movement, and slogan gained force in both Cyprus and Turkey. In a 1954 editorial, Turkish Cypriot leader Dr. Fazil Kuchuk expressed the sentiment that the Turkish youth had grown up with the idea that "as soon as Great Britain leaves the island, it will be taken over by the Turks", and that "Turkey cannot tolerate otherwise". This perspective contributed to the willingness of Turkish Cypriots to align themselves with the British, who started recruiting Turkish Cypriots into the police force that patrolled Cyprus to fight EOKA, a Greek Cypriot nationalist organisation that sought to rid the island of British rule.
EOKA targeted colonial authorities, including police, but Georgios Grivas, the leader of EOKA, did not initially wish to open up a new front by fighting Turkish Cypriots and reassured them that EOKA would not harm their people. In 1956, some Turkish Cypriot policemen were killed by EOKA members and this provoked some intercommunal violence in the spring and summer, but these attacks on policemen were not motivated by the fact that they were Turkish Cypriots.
However, in January 1957, Grivas changed his policy as his forces in the mountains became increasingly pressured by the British Crown forces. In order to divert the attention of the Crown forces, EOKA members started to target Turkish Cypriot policemen intentionally in the towns, so that Turkish Cypriots would riot against the Greek Cypriots and the security forces would have to be diverted to the towns to restore order. The killing of a Turkish Cypriot policeman on 19 January, when a power station was bombed, and the injury of three others, provoked three days of intercommunal violence in Nicosia. The two communities targeted each other in reprisals, at least one Greek Cypriot was killed and the British Army was deployed in the streets. Greek Cypriot stores were burned and their neighbourhoods attacked. Following the events, the Greek Cypriot leadership spread the propaganda that the riots had merely been an act of Turkish Cypriot aggression. Such events created chaos and drove the communities apart both in Cyprus and in Turkey.
On 22 October 1957 Sir Hugh Mackintosh Foot replaced Sir John Harding as the British Governor of Cyprus. Foot suggested five to seven years of self-government before any final decision. His plan rejected both enosis and taksim. The Turkish Cypriot response to this plan was a series of anti-British demonstrations in Nicosia on 27 and 28 January 1958 rejecting the proposed plan because the plan did not include partition. The British then withdrew the plan.
In 1957, Black Gang, a Turkish Cypriot pro-taksim paramilitary organisation, was formed to patrol a Turkish Cypriot enclave, the Tahtakale district of Nicosia, against activities of EOKA. The organisation later attempted to grow into a national scale, but failed to gain public support.
By 1958, signs of dissatisfaction with the British increased on both sides, with a group of Turkish Cypriots forming Volkan (later renamed to the Turkish Resistance Organisation) paramilitary group to promote partition and the annexation of Cyprus to Turkey as dictated by the Menderes plan. Volkan initially consisted of roughly 100 members, with the stated aim of raising awareness in Turkey of the Cyprus issue and courting military training and support for Turkish Cypriot fighters from the Turkish government.
In June 1958, the British Prime Minister, Harold Macmillan, was expected to propose a plan to resolve the Cyprus issue. In light of the new development, the Turks rioted in Nicosia to promote the idea that Greek and Turkish Cypriots could not live together and therefore any plan that did not include partition would not be viable. This violence was soon followed by bombing, Greek Cypriot deaths and looting of Greek Cypriot-owned shops and houses. Greek and Turkish Cypriots started to flee mixed population villages where they were a minority in search of safety. This was effectively the beginning of the segregation of the two communities. On 7 June 1958, a bomb exploded at the entrance of the Turkish Embassy in Cyprus. Following the bombing, Turkish Cypriots looted Greek Cypriot properties. On 26 June 1984, the Turkish Cypriot leader, Rauf Denktaş, admitted on British channel ITV that the bomb was placed by the Turks themselves in order to create tension. On 9 January 1995, Rauf Denktaş repeated his claim to the famous Turkish newspaper Milliyet in Turkey.
The crisis reached a climax on 12 June 1958, when eight Greeks, out of an armed group of thirty five arrested by soldiers of the Royal Horse Guards on suspicion of preparing an attack on the Turkish quarter of Skylloura, were killed in a suspected attack by Turkish Cypriot locals, near the village of Geunyeli, having been ordered to walk back to their village of Kondemenos.
After the EOKA campaign had begun, the British government successfully began to turn the Cyprus issue from a British colonial problem into a Greek-Turkish issue. British diplomacy exerted backstage influence on the Adnan Menderes government, with the aim of making Turkey active in Cyprus. For the British, the attempt had a twofold objective. The EOKA campaign would be silenced as quickly as possible, and Turkish Cypriots would not side with Greek Cypriots against the British colonial claims over the island, which would thus remain under the British. The Turkish Cypriot leadership visited Menderes to discuss the Cyprus issue. When asked how the Turkish Cypriots should respond to the Greek Cypriot claim of enosis, Menderes replied: "You should go to the British foreign minister and request the status quo be prolonged, Cyprus to remain as a British colony". When the Turkish Cypriots visited the British Foreign Secretary and requested for Cyprus to remain a colony, he replied: "You should not be asking for colonialism at this day and age, you should be asking for Cyprus be returned to Turkey, its former owner".
As Turkish Cypriots began to look to Turkey for protection, Greek Cypriots soon understood that enosis was extremely unlikely. The Greek Cypriot leader, Archbishop Makarios III, now set independence for the island as his objective.
Britain resolved to solve the dispute by creating an independent Cyprus. In 1959, all involved parties signed the Zurich Agreements: Britain, Turkey, Greece, and the Greek and Turkish Cypriot leaders, Makarios and Dr. Fazil Kucuk, respectively. The new constitution drew heavily on the ethnic composition of the island. The President would be a Greek Cypriot, and the Vice-President a Turkish Cypriot with an equal veto. The contribution to the public service would be set at a ratio of 70:30, and the Supreme Court would consist of an equal number of judges from both communities as well as an independent judge who was not Greek, Turkish or British. The Zurich Agreements were supplemented by a number of treaties. The Treaty of Guarantee stated that secession or union with any state was forbidden, and that Greece, Turkey and Britain would be given guarantor status to intervene if that was violated. The Treaty of Alliance allowed for two small Greek and Turkish military contingents to be stationed on the island, and the Treaty of Establishment gave Britain sovereignty over two bases in Akrotiri and Dhekelia.
On 15 August 1960, the Colony of Cyprus became fully independent as the Republic of Cyprus. The new republic remained within the Commonwealth of Nations.
The new constitution brought dissatisfaction to Greek Cypriots, who felt it to be highly unjust for them for historical, demographic and contributional reasons. Although 80% of the island's population were Greek Cypriots and these indigenous people had lived on the island for thousands of years and paid 94% of taxes, the new constitution was giving the 17% of the population that was Turkish Cypriots, who paid 6% of taxes, around 30% of government jobs and 40% of national security jobs.
Within three years tensions between the two communities in administrative affairs began to show. In particular disputes over separate municipalities and taxation created a deadlock in government. A constitutional court ruled in 1963 Makarios had failed to uphold article 173 of the constitution which called for the establishment of separate municipalities for Turkish Cypriots. Makarios subsequently declared his intention to ignore the judgement, resulting in the West German judge resigning from his position. Makarios proposed thirteen amendments to the constitution, which would have had the effect of resolving most of the issues in the Greek Cypriot favour. Under the proposals, the President and Vice-President would lose their veto, the separate municipalities as sought after by the Turkish Cypriots would be abandoned, the need for separate majorities by both communities in passing legislation would be discarded and the civil service contribution would be set at actual population ratios (82:18) instead of the slightly higher figure for Turkish Cypriots.
The intention behind the amendments has long been called into question. The Akritas plan, written in the height of the constitutional dispute by the Greek Cypriot interior minister Polycarpos Georkadjis, called for the removal of undesirable elements of the constitution so as to allow power-sharing to work. The plan envisaged a swift retaliatory attack on Turkish Cypriot strongholds should Turkish Cypriots resort to violence to resist the measures, stating "In the event of a planned or staged Turkish attack, it is imperative to overcome it by force in the shortest possible time, because if we succeed in gaining command of the situation (in one or two days), no outside, intervention would be either justified or possible." Whether Makarios's proposals were part of the Akritas plan is unclear, however it remains that sentiment towards enosis had not completely disappeared with independence. Makarios described independence as "a step on the road to enosis".[31] Preparations for conflict were not entirely absent from Turkish Cypriots either, with right wing elements still believing taksim (partition) the best safeguard against enosis.
Greek Cypriots however believe the amendments were a necessity stemming from a perceived attempt by Turkish Cypriots to frustrate the working of government. Turkish Cypriots saw it as a means to reduce their status within the state from one of co-founder to that of minority, seeing it as a first step towards enosis. The security situation deteriorated rapidly.
Main articles: Bloody Christmas (1963) and Battle of Tillyria
An armed conflict was triggered after December 21, 1963, a period remembered by Turkish Cypriots as Bloody Christmas, when a Greek Cypriot policemen that had been called to help deal with a taxi driver refusing officers already on the scene access to check the identification documents of his customers, took out his gun upon arrival and shot and killed the taxi driver and his partner. Eric Solsten summarised the events as follows: "a Greek Cypriot police patrol, ostensibly checking identification documents, stopped a Turkish Cypriot couple on the edge of the Turkish quarter. A hostile crowd gathered, shots were fired, and two Turkish Cypriots were killed."
In the morning after the shooting, crowds gathered in protest in Northern Nicosia, likely encouraged by the TMT, without incident. On the evening of the 22nd, gunfire broke out, communication lines to the Turkish neighbourhoods were cut, and the Greek Cypriot police occupied the nearby airport. On the 23rd, a ceasefire was negotiated, but did not hold. Fighting, including automatic weapons fire, between Greek and Turkish Cypriots and militias increased in Nicosia and Larnaca. A force of Greek Cypriot irregulars led by Nikos Sampson entered the Nicosia suburb of Omorphita and engaged in heavy firing on armed, as well as by some accounts unarmed, Turkish Cypriots. The Omorphita clash has been described by Turkish Cypriots as a massacre, while this view has generally not been acknowledged by Greek Cypriots.
Further ceasefires were arranged between the two sides, but also failed. By Christmas Eve, the 24th, Britain, Greece, and Turkey had joined talks, with all sides calling for a truce. On Christmas day, Turkish fighter jets overflew Nicosia in a show of support. Finally it was agreed to allow a force of 2,700 British soldiers to help enforce a ceasefire. In the next days, a "buffer zone" was created in Nicosia, and a British officer marked a line on a map with green ink, separating the two sides of the city, which was the beginning of the "Green Line". Fighting continued across the island for the next several weeks.
In total 364 Turkish Cypriots and 174 Greek Cypriots were killed during the violence. 25,000 Turkish Cypriots from 103-109 villages fled and were displaced into enclaves and thousands of Turkish Cypriot houses were ransacked or completely destroyed.
Contemporary newspapers also reported on the forceful exodus of the Turkish Cypriots from their homes. According to The Times in 1964, threats, shootings and attempts of arson were committed against the Turkish Cypriots to force them out of their homes. The Daily Express wrote that "25,000 Turks have already been forced to leave their homes". The Guardian reported a massacre of Turks at Limassol on 16 February 1964.
Turkey had by now readied its fleet and its fighter jets appeared over Nicosia. Turkey was dissuaded from direct involvement by the creation of a United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP) in 1964. Despite the negotiated ceasefire in Nicosia, attacks on the Turkish Cypriot persisted, particularly in Limassol. Concerned about the possibility of a Turkish invasion, Makarios undertook the creation of a Greek Cypriot conscript-based army called the "National Guard". A general from Greece took charge of the army, whilst a further 20,000 well-equipped officers and men were smuggled from Greece into Cyprus. Turkey threatened to intervene once more, but was prevented by a strongly worded letter from the American President Lyndon B. Johnson, anxious to avoid a conflict between NATO allies Greece and Turkey at the height of the Cold War.
Turkish Cypriots had by now established an important bridgehead at Kokkina, provided with arms, volunteers and materials from Turkey and abroad. Seeing this incursion of foreign weapons and troops as a major threat, the Cypriot government invited George Grivas to return from Greece as commander of the Greek troops on the island and launch a major attack on the bridgehead. Turkey retaliated by dispatching its fighter jets to bomb Greek positions, causing Makarios to threaten an attack on every Turkish Cypriot village on the island if the bombings did not cease. The conflict had now drawn in Greece and Turkey, with both countries amassing troops on their Thracian borders. Efforts at mediation by Dean Acheson, a former U.S. Secretary of State, and UN-appointed mediator Galo Plaza had failed, all the while the division of the two communities becoming more apparent. Greek Cypriot forces were estimated at some 30,000, including the National Guard and the large contingent from Greece. Defending the Turkish Cypriot enclaves was a force of approximately 5,000 irregulars, led by a Turkish colonel, but lacking the equipment and organisation of the Greek forces.
The Secretary-General of the United Nations in 1964, U Thant, reported the damage during the conflicts:
UNFICYP carried out a detailed survey of all damage to properties throughout the island during the disturbances; it shows that in 109 villages, most of them Turkish-Cypriot or mixed villages, 527 houses have been destroyed while 2,000 others have suffered damage from looting.
The situation worsened in 1967, when a military junta overthrew the democratically elected government of Greece, and began applying pressure on Makarios to achieve enosis. Makarios, not wishing to become part of a military dictatorship or trigger a Turkish invasion, began to distance himself from the goal of enosis. This caused tensions with the junta in Greece as well as George Grivas in Cyprus. Grivas's control over the National Guard and Greek contingent was seen as a threat to Makarios's position, who now feared a possible coup.[citation needed] The National Guard and Cyprus Police began patrolling the Turkish Cypriot enclaves of Ayios Theodoros and Kophinou, and on November 15 engaged in heavy fighting with the Turkish Cypriots.
By the time of his withdrawal 26 Turkish Cypriots had been killed. Turkey replied with an ultimatum demanding that Grivas be removed from the island, that the troops smuggled from Greece in excess of the limits of the Treaty of Alliance be removed, and that the economic blockades on the Turkish Cypriot enclaves be lifted. Grivas was recalled by the Athens Junta and the 12,000 Greek troops were withdrawn. Makarios now attempted to consolidate his position by reducing the number of National Guard troops, and by creating a paramilitary force loyal to Cypriot independence. In 1968, acknowledging that enosis was now all but impossible, Makarios stated, "A solution by necessity must be sought within the limits of what is feasible which does not always coincide with the limits of what is desirable."
After 1967 tensions between the Greek and Turkish Cypriots subsided. Instead, the main source of tension on the island came from factions within the Greek Cypriot community. Although Makarios had effectively abandoned enosis in favour of an 'attainable solution', many others continued to believe that the only legitimate political aspiration for Greek Cypriots was union with Greece.
On his arrival, Grivas began by establishing a nationalist paramilitary group known as the National Organization of Cypriot Fighters (Ethniki Organosis Kyprion Agoniston B or EOKA-B), drawing comparisons with the EOKA struggle for enosis under the British colonial administration of the 1950s.
The military junta in Athens saw Makarios as an obstacle. Makarios's failure to disband the National Guard, whose officer class was dominated by mainland Greeks, had meant the junta had practical control over the Cypriot military establishment, leaving Makarios isolated and a vulnerable target.
During the first Turkish invasion, Turkish troops invaded Cyprus territory on 20 July 1974, invoking its rights under the Treaty of Guarantee. This expansion of Turkish-occupied zone violated International Law as well as the Charter of the United Nations. Turkish troops managed to capture 3% of the island which was accompanied by the burning of the Turkish Cypriot quarter, as well as the raping and killing of women and children. A temporary cease-fire followed which was mitigated by the UN Security Council. Subsequently, the Greek military Junta collapsed on July 23, 1974, and peace talks commenced in which a democratic government was installed. The Resolution 353 was broken after Turkey attacked a second time and managed to get a hold of 37% of Cyprus territory. The Island of Cyprus was appointed a Buffer Zone by the United Nations, which divided the island into two zones through the 'Green Line' and put an end to the Turkish invasion. Although Turkey announced that the occupied areas of Cyprus to be called the Federated Turkish State in 1975, it is not legitimised on a worldwide political scale. The United Nations called for the international recognition of independence for the Republic of Cyprus in the Security Council Resolution 367.
In the years after the Turkish invasion of northern Cyprus one can observe a history of failed talks between the two parties. The 1983 declaration of the independent Turkish Republic of Cyprus resulted in a rise of inter-communal tensions and made it increasingly hard to find mutual understanding. With Cyprus' interest of a possible EU membership and a new UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan in 1997 new hopes arose for a fresh start. International involvement from sides of the US and UK, wanting a solution to the Cyprus dispute prior to the EU accession led to political pressures for new talks. The believe that an accession without a solution would threaten Greek-Turkish relations and acknowledge the partition of the island would direct the coming negotiations.
Over the course of two years a concrete plan, the Annan plan was formulated. In 2004 the fifth version agreed upon from both sides and with the endorsement of Turkey, US, UK and EU then was presented to the public and was given a referendum in both Cypriot communities to assure the legitimisation of the resolution. The Turkish Cypriots voted with 65% for the plan, however the Greek Cypriots voted with a 76% majority against. The Annan plan contained multiple important topics. Firstly it established a confederation of two separate states called the United Cyprus Republic. Both communities would have autonomous states combined under one unified government. The members of parliament would be chosen according to the percentage in population numbers to ensure a just involvement from both communities. The paper proposed a demilitarisation of the island over the next years. Furthermore it agreed upon a number of 45000 Turkish settlers that could remain on the island. These settlers became a very important issue concerning peace talks. Originally the Turkish government encouraged Turks to settle in Cyprus providing transfer and property, to establish a counterpart to the Greek Cypriot population due to their 1 to 5 minority. With the economic situation many Turkish-Cypriot decided to leave the island, however their departure is made up by incoming Turkish settlers leaving the population ratio between Turkish Cypriots and Greek Cypriots stable. However all these points where criticised and as seen in the vote rejected mainly by the Greek Cypriots. These name the dissolution of the „Republic of Cyprus", economic consequences of a reunion and the remaining Turkish settlers as reason. Many claim that the plan was indeed drawing more from Turkish-Cypriot demands then Greek-Cypriot interests. Taking in consideration that the US wanted to keep Turkey as a strategic partner in future Middle Eastern conflicts.
A week after the failed referendum the Republic of Cyprus joined the EU. In multiple instances the EU tried to promote trade with Northern Cyprus but without internationally recognised ports this spiked a grand debate. Both side endure their intention of negotiations, however without the prospect of any new compromises or agreements the UN is unwilling to start the process again. Since 2004 negotiations took place in numbers but without any results, both sides are strongly holding on to their position without an agreeable solution in sight that would suit both parties.
ILC 2018 World of Work Summit: “Employment and decent work for peace and resilience”. Panel discussion moderated by Ms Carolina Robino, BBC Mundo.
PANELLISTS:
Mr Helder Da Costa, General Secretary, g7 +
Ms Sylvia Escovar, President, Terpel, Colombia
Ms Rosa Helena Flórez, General Secretary, Confederación de Trabajadores de Colombia (CTC), Colombia
Mr Filippo Grandi, High Commissioner, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
Ms Lucija Ljubic Lepine, Ambassador, Permanent Representative of Bosnia and Herzegovina in Geneva
Ms Rokia Traoré, Ambassador for the Fondation Passerelle, Mali
107th Session of the International Labour Conference. Geneva, 7 June 2018.
Photo © Crozet / Pouteau / Albouy / ILO
More informations at : www.ilo.orgMore pictures at : www.ilo.org/dyn/media
Follow the ILO : www.facebook.com/ILO.ORG/
{Noble} New England, Isle of Myrth (15, 41, 18) - Moderate
The spirit and atmosphere of New England captured on a sim. Walk the beaches and forests of New England during Autumn season. Enjoy the live music venue, many spots to relax and photograph. A place to meet, greet and enjoy!
Moderated High-Level Policy Session 2: Bridging Digital Divides
From left to right:
Dr. Andre Laperriere, Executive Director, Global Open Data initiative for Agriculture and Nutrition (UK)
Ms. Jane Coffin, Director, Development Strategy, Internet Society (ISOC)
H.E. Mr. Dina Nath Dhungyel, Minister, Ministry of Information & Communications, Bhutan
H.E. Mrs. Aurelie Adam-Soule Zoumarou, Ministre, Ministère de l'Economie Numérique et de la Communication, Benin
H.E. Mr. Shahzad Gul Aryobee, Minister, Ministry of Communications and Information Technologies, Afghanistan
HLTF: Ms. Renata Avila, Web Foundation, Guatemala
Mr. Boyan Radoykov, Chief of Section, Section for Universal Access and Preservation, UNESCO
H.E. Mr. Rashid Ismailov, Deputy Minister, Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communication of the Russian Federation
Mrs. Aarti Holla, Secretary General, ESOA
Ms. Sonja Betschart, Co-Founder and Chief Entrepreneurship Officer, WeRobotics
©ITU/R.Farrell
With only moderate climbing involved (or bring a friend's car too and shuttle the climb), and not requiring a lot of time to ride, these two trails can keep almost anyone interested. Advanced riders (or Intermediate riders improving their skills) will enjoy the optional jumps, rock features, and logs along the Corral trail. And the Sidewinder trail, which parallels upper Corral before joining back up with it, provides an option for beginners of all ages--or any rider looking for a winding, smooth trail. Directions: Take Pioneer Trail towards Meyers, turn left onto Oneidas Street, after passing a few houses this turns into a paved forest service road, follow for about 1/2 mile until the creek crossing and park in dirt parking lot just past the creek on the left.
Photo by Ben Fish.
Moderated by Peter Scharf, the Public Safety Panel addressed issues of crime, NOPD reform and community action. Panelists included independent police monitor Susan Hutson, NOPD Chief Ronal Serpas, Jon Wool of the Vera Institute and Allen James of Safe Streets.
Moderated High-Level Policy Session 5: WSIS Action Lines and the 2030 Agenda / Financing for development and role of ICT
From left to right:
Mr. Thomas Schneider, Ambassador and Director of International Affairs, Federal Office of Communications OFCOM, Switzerland
Dr. Michael Nelson, Cloudflare, USA
Mr. Yushi Torigoe, Deputy Director, Telecommunication Development Bureau, ITU
Mr. Anders Aeroe, Director, Division of Enterprises and Institutions, ITC
Dr. Salma Abbasi, Chairperson and CEO, eWorldWide Group
©ITU/I.Wood
BBC journalist Mishal Husain moderates a panel on Broadcasting - New Models for Connection with the Audience at the WIPO Conference on the Digital Market, which met in Geneva from April 20 to 22, 2016.
At the Conference, public and private sector leaders as well as creators discuss the creative content economy, which has seen radical change to access and business models for more than a decade.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Emmanuel Berrod. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
A moderate sized Nomada, a bee that lays its eggs in the nests of bees in the genus Andrena. This species, at least in the male, has a distinctive antennae. You can see it in at least the picture taken of the bee's side that the underside of the antenna is partially eroded away leaving a hollow on each segment. In general, the genus is difficult to identify and there are many taxonomic issues to putting correct and new names on the group. So much to do. Photo by Amanda Robinson.
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All photographs are public domain, feel free to download and use as you wish.
Photography Information: Canon Mark II 5D, Zerene Stacker, Stackshot Sled, 65mm Canon MP-E 1-5X macro lens, Twin Macro Flash in Styrofoam Cooler, F5.0, ISO 100, Shutter Speed 200
Beauty is truth, truth beauty - that is all
Ye know on earth and all ye need to know
" Ode on a Grecian Urn"
John Keats
You can also follow us on Instagram - account = USGSBIML Want some Useful Links to the Techniques We Use? Well now here you go Citizen:
Art Photo Book: Bees: An Up-Close Look at Pollinators Around the World
www.qbookshop.com/products/216627/9780760347386/Bees.html...
Basic USGSBIML set up:
www.youtube.com/watch?v=S-_yvIsucOY
USGSBIML Photoshopping Technique: Note that we now have added using the burn tool at 50% opacity set to shadows to clean up the halos that bleed into the black background from "hot" color sections of the picture.
www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bdmx_8zqvN4
PDF of Basic USGSBIML Photography Set Up:
ftp://ftpext.usgs.gov/pub/er/md/laurel/Droege/How%20to%20Take%20MacroPhotographs%20of%20Insects%20BIML%20Lab2.pdf
Google Hangout Demonstration of Techniques:
plus.google.com/events/c5569losvskrv2nu606ltof8odo
or
www.youtube.com/watch?v=4c15neFttoU
Excellent Technical Form on Stacking:
Contact information:
Sam Droege
sdroege@usgs.gov
301 497 5840
Moderated High-Level Policy Session 2: Bridging Digital Divides
From left to right:
Dr. Andre Laperriere, Executive Director, Global Open Data initiative for Agriculture and Nutrition (UK)
Ms. Jane Coffin, Director, Development Strategy, Internet Society (ISOC)
H.E. Mr. Dina Nath Dhungyel, Minister, Ministry of Information & Communications, Bhutan
H.E. Mrs. Aurelie Adam-Soule Zoumarou, Ministre, Ministère de l'Economie Numérique et de la Communication, Benin
H.E. Mr. Shahzad Gul Aryobee, Minister, Ministry of Communications and Information Technologies, Afghanistan
HLTF: Ms. Renata Avila, Web Foundation, Guatemala
Mr. Boyan Radoykov, Chief of Section, Section for Universal Access and Preservation, UNESCO
H.E. Mr. Rashid Ismailov, Deputy Minister, Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communication of the Russian Federation
Mrs. Aarti Holla, Secretary General, ESOA
Ms. Sonja Betschart, Co-Founder and Chief Entrepreneurship Officer, WeRobotics
©ITU/R.Farrell
Philippe Crist, Project Manager, International Transport Forum; introducing the panel during the Panel session New business models in transport: What role for authorities? at the International Transport Forum’s 2017 Summit on “Governance of Transport” in Leipzig, Germany on 2 June 2017.
litquake.org/events/new-writers
Moderated by Scott James
www.baycitizen.org/profiles/scott-james/
who writes fiction as
Ethan Nosowsky is Editor-at-Large for Graywolf Pres
He is Stephen Elliott's editor & they talked about how he has promoted The Adderall Diaries & the new iPhone/iPad app
therumpus.net/2010/10/why-i-created-an-app-for-my-book/
Literary agent Amy Rennert amyrennert.com
Eileen Gittins blurb.com
She showed the paperback of the book by Pat Tillman's mother & former LA Times & Chron editor Narda Zacchino which they published
www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/industry-news/indust...
Jay A. Hartman held up the Rocket Reader he bought 12 years ago this week. He said the Sony Reader is the most popular ebook device in Europe.
His ebook company
Brenda Knight
She said Wordcatcher sold 1000 copies after this interview
www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201007201000
Litquake continues through Oct 9, 2010
Photos from Litquake's opening awards
U.S. Ambassador to Mexico Carlos Pascual, right, moderates a Green Solutions panel at the Fiesta Americana Grand Coral Beach hotel in Cancun, Mexico, on December 6, 2010. [State Department photo/ Public Domain]
North, North (76, 98, 37) - Moderate
Mike Allen of Politico moderates Third Way's Idea Forum: Getting Health Reform Over The Finish Line in the Cannon Caucus Room on Capitol Hill July 14, 2009 with Rep John Dingell, Rep Ron Kind, Rep Jason Altmire
Moderated by Peter Scharf, the Public Safety Panel addressed issues of crime, NOPD reform and community action. Panelists included independent police monitor Susan Hutson, NOPD Chief Ronal Serpas, Jon Wool of the Vera Institute and Allen James of Safe Streets.
Moderated by
Bob Schieffer
Chief Washington Correspondent, CBS News;
Anchor, CBS News’ “Face the Nation”
Panelists:
-Thomas L. Friedman
Pulitzer Prize–winning Author and Columnist, New York Times
-Margaret Brennan
State Department Correspondent, CBS News
-Gerald F. Seib
Washington Bureau Chief, The Wall Street Journal
Author, Capitol Journal columnist
The Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) and TCU’s Schieffer School of Journalism invite you to the next session of The CSIS-Schieffer Series Dialogues
Made possible with support from the Stavros Niarchos Foundation
on
Foreign Policy Challenges for President Obama’s Second Term
Moderated High-Level Policy Session 14: Knowledge societies,
capacity building and e-learning / Media
Speaking: Dr. Uwe Petry, Head of the Economic Affairs Division, Permanent Representation of the Federal Republic of Germany to the UN in Geneva, Germany
©ITU/R.Farrell
One moderate sized apartment building's trash for a Tuesday morning pickup. Manhattan has 3 pickups per week in this neighborhood. We're burying the planet with trash. I'd wager that the majority of this stuff is either unnecessary or excessive "packaging" or stuff bought that wasn't really needed.
Should be referred for treatment of maculopathy.
Photo: Richard Leung/Kings College Hospital.
Published in:
Community Eye Health Journal Vol. 19 No. 57 MARCH 2006 www.cehjournal.org
Community Eye Health Journal Vol. 24 No. 75 SEPTEMBER 2011 www.cehjournal.org
Moderated by President Bill Clinton with: Jillian Michaels, Health & Wellness Expert; Billie Jean King, Founder, Women’s Sports Foundation; Dr. David Satcher, Former Surgeon General & Director, Satcher Health Leadership Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine; Richard Gephardt, President/CEO, Gephardt Government Affairs; Dr. Mark Hyman, Chairman of the Institute for Functional Medicine
Photo Credit- Adam Schultz / Clinton Foundation
Librarian of Congress Carla Hayden moderates the "Essential Libraries" panel with Joshua Hammer and Alberto Manguel at the National Book Festival, August 31, 2019. Photo by Shawn Miller/Library of Congress.
Note: Privacy and publicity rights for individuals depicted may apply.
Moderated by John Tsui, Managing Principal, Peninsula House
On the panel:
- Giulia Noli, Senior Director, Infrastructure and Project Finance – EMEA Private Capital, MetLife Investment Management
- Neno Raic, Managing Partner, NLC
- Maria Goroh, Managing Director, Head of Capital Markets, Centrus
A moderate sized thorny tree with ash colored rough bark.
Origin - native to India
Leaves - alternate, obovate, serrate in the upper part.
Flowers - small, brownish red.
Fruits - ovoid drupes
Part of the plant used in medicine - Gum/resin
The commiphora mukul secretes a fragrant, sticky, resinous sap, known as gum guggul, It is one of the world’s oldest fragrances, obtained by cutting the bark. The resin turns brown after it dries.
Guggul Gum plays a major role in the traditional herbal medicine of India. It has been used for a long time in Ayurvedic medicine to treat rheumatoid arthritis, obesity and other weight related problems. Today, Guggul is frequently used to help lower cholesterol levels and decrease high blood pressure.
Mars- moderate seeing- Solis Lacus bottom center, Valles Marineris north of that, Amazonis top left, Olympus Mons is light area in top left, and Polar Hood visible. Celestron C8 SCT , Televue Powermate 2.5X, ZWO ASI 662MC, recorded in Firecapture. Processed with Pipp, Autostakkert AS!2, Registax, Lightroom.
Amir Jahangir Moderating a session on Innovation in CSR in the developing and developed world.
The Asian Forum on Corporate Social
Responsibility (AFCSR) announced the winners of the AFCSR Award 2009
at a grand gala award ceremony held in Manila, Philippines. Pakistan
marked a new page in the history of Corporate Social Responsibility by
receiving the excellence award in CSR.
The award was received by SAMAA
TV for its Concern for Health initiatives.
List of winners at AFCSR 2009
Amir Jahangir, Chief Executive SAMAA TV, while moderating the session on innovations in CSR in
developed and developing countries shared the dire need to review the
CSR strategy of companies in light of innovation and communication.
Asian CSR Awards is recognized as the leading awards program on
Corporate Social Responsibility in Asia and is an inherent component
of the annual, regional Asian Forum on Corporate Social Responsibility
(AFCSR) conference and Expo.
This year, the Asian CSR award celebrated its seventh year with over
400 delegates from 20 countries who attended.
This award program attracted 211 entries representing 132 companies
from 14 countries. The Asian CSR Awards recognizes and honors Asian
companies for outstanding, innovative and world-class products,
services, projects and programs in five categories – Best Workplace
Practices; Concern for Health; Environmental Excellence; Poverty
Alleviation; and Support and Improvement of Education. The selection of the projects are based on its demonstration of the company’s
leadership, sincerity and on-going commitment in incorporating ethical
values, compliance with legal requirements, respect for individuals,
involvement in communities and protection of the environment into the
way they do business.
Moderated by Kojo Nnamdi, the "Rights, Equality and the American Dream" panel discussion included Judith Browne Dianis, Peter Edelman, Reverend Dr. Edna Canty Jenkins, Stephen B. Thomas and Reverend Dr. Christine Wiley.
The Enlightenment era gave rise to the United States of America and promised great opportunity. The emergence of public libraries and schools, transportation departments, the democratization of elections and the GI Bill guided millions into an upward mobility that seemed without limit. But opportunities have never been universal and African Americans have long been at the end of the line, even as other minority groups have gained access to them faster. Voting rights, education, health, housing and libraries have always been unevenly distributed. Join our speakers in the conversation of why racial inequities are on the rise again and what we can do to address this reality.
Watch the video: vimeo.com/74143836
Photo by Alison Harbaugh, Sugar Farm Productions
litquake.org/events/new-writers
Moderated by Scott James
www.baycitizen.org/profiles/scott-james/
who writes fiction as
Ethan Nosowsky is Editor-at-Large for Graywolf Pres
He is Stephen Elliott's editor & they talked about how he has promoted The Adderall Diaries & the new iPhone/iPad app
therumpus.net/2010/10/why-i-created-an-app-for-my-book/
Literary agent Amy Rennert amyrennert.com
Eileen Gittins blurb.com
She showed the paperback of the book by Pat Tillman's mother & former LA Times & Chron editor Narda Zacchino which they published
www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/industry-news/indust...
Jay A. Hartman held up the Rocket Reader he bought 12 years ago this week. He said the Sony Reader is the most popular ebook device in Europe.
His ebook company
Brenda Knight
She said Wordcatcher sold 1000 copies after this interview
www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201007201000
Litquake continues through Oct 9, 2010
Photos from Litquake's opening awards
Moderated High-Level Policy Session 2: Bridging Digital Divides
From left to right:
Dr. Andre Laperriere, Executive Director, Global Open Data initiative for Agriculture and Nutrition (UK)
Ms. Jane Coffin, Director, Development Strategy, Internet Society (ISOC)
H.E. Mr. Dina Nath Dhungyel, Minister, Ministry of Information & Communications, Bhutan
H.E. Mrs. Aurelie Adam-Soule Zoumarou, Ministre, Ministère de l'Economie Numérique et de la Communication, Benin
H.E. Mr. Shahzad Gul Aryobee, Minister, Ministry of Communications and Information Technologies, Afghanistan
HLTF: Ms. Renata Avila, Web Foundation, Guatemala
Mr. Boyan Radoykov, Chief of Section, Section for Universal Access and Preservation, UNESCO
H.E. Mr. Rashid Ismailov, Deputy Minister, Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communication of the Russian Federation
Mrs. Aarti Holla, Secretary General, ESOA
Ms. Sonja Betschart, Co-Founder and Chief Entrepreneurship Officer, WeRobotics
©ITU/R.Farrell