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Sabe aquela foto podre que você inventa só pra não abandonar o projeto? haha! Eu não tinha ideia do que fotografar, aí peguei a minha torre, uns clipes coloridos e deu nisso :x Acho que teria ficado melhor se eu tivesse fotografado durante o dia (odeio as fotos que eu tiro à noite) mas não tive tempo - voltamos da praia hoje lá pelas 16h e eu estava até agora trabalhando no blog quando lembrei que não tinha tirado a foto de hoje, ai ai!
Obrigada por tudo!!
Beijos
〖9620〗© boma.dfoto - All rights reserved - Press L for large view on black or F to add to your Favorites.
Les Machines de l’île are a totally unprecedented artistic project. Born from the imaginations of François Delarozière and Pierre Orefice, it is at the crossroads of Jules Verne’s "invented worlds", the mechanical universe of Leonardo da Vinci, and of Nantes’ industrial history, on the exceptional site of the former shipyards.
More details here!
Enjoy your visit!
The bright lights of music at the Amazon Web Services (AWS) re:Play party at re:Invent at the LINQ Hotel & Casino in Las Vegas (LV), Nevada (NV), United States (USA). #lasvegas #nevada #usa #party
The world would have you believe that it was Spencer Silver and Art Fry that invented the post-it note back in the 1970's.
That's plainly false.
I have photographic proof that mad uncle mad Mc Flibble the mad clearly invented post-it notes before that.
Sure... there are no dates on the picture, but er... on the back of the photo there's a hand-written date that clearly says 1871.
Yup.
And yes... there will clearly be pedants that claim that 1871 was before they really got going doing colour photos and stuff... but he invented that too. And those naff photography backgrounds you got in school. And time travel. Actually yes... he invented time travel.
Yes.
Anyway, I know you'd love to:
Strobist:
Bowens Gemini Pro 500 with brilliantly big softbox above camera pointing down at 45 degrees, set on 3.0. Two other Bowens with disappointingly smaller softboxes camera left and right at 45 degrees pointing at Mr. Post-it note, both set on 3.0. Triggered by PC cord cable.
Urban planning and its avatar the urbanism, a word invented by Iidefons Cerdã in Barcelona in 1880, at the same time as the criticism by Camillo Sitte against Hoffman’s hygienic cities.
The urbis is a form of satellite journey, this gives peripheral spaces hostages of the center and brings consecration to the perpendicular city with the horrible poem called "The right angle", and maybe its disastrous consequences today?
Critical? Almost illegal at present of the Grand Master Le Corbusier comes from raven [corbeau like corbu in French word that's joke with a play of sonority] first rank of the Mithra sect. Le Corbusier invent new module gold --Modulor or Mystery with transhumanism- Dream of the machine to live and then failure of the conditions of displacement and their relationship with an urban form that breaks the bonds. As in a living body, it is established through a morphology of red blood cells. The body of a city is only designed for the car without interactions, pedestrians become ants. You cannot stop in a metro corridor for example.
Form of people and formatting ... village in a circled encounter / chessboard and failure of the relations by the division of the soil that projects ways to move and access the properties, the culture of the vacuum of the modern street produces displacements without random encounters other than traffic accidents. The system of a grid city is imposed as a simple way to enlarge or create a city from a track, to the extreme case in which cities exist only on a track composed of boxes with parking lots to ease the access. Thus many districts resemble to chess boards with malls build on crop fields, agricultural production being managed at the regional or national level.
It will be better to study the city and the importance of its geometry, the journeys of city dwellers in a quadrangular city and the absence or the failures of businesses in these neighborhoods .... The linear path and the absence of landmarks . The weight of a past and the possibility of making evolve the city with its time. The fatality of being born or living in a linear neighborhood composed of parking lots and housing without shops or public facilities, the porosity of public facilities ... The true meaning of the word church ... we do not live only with trade and business .. Towards a Citizen Church? One must understand and try to stop glorifying architecture buildings too fashionable and fragile in the maintenance and financed with 100% public funding ... donations are never as well received as those that are a participatory mix and Plus a systematic right that is expensive in management ... one can make schools freer for those many who are in failure in the primary school and can run schools like startup companies already do in incubators. The form of cities is the main factor in the failure of poor neighborhoods. Urban planners were born in this convenience to reproduce in copy / pasted an eternal vision of car parks and blocks with well insulated facades using fragile materials. The architects follow modern fashion as a priesthood, the novelty of forms has become a dogma, the facades are like paintings with no link other than the geometry of the piece of land. Life could not have been born in these cities cloned with a grid, they have voluntarily erased all ties with history and regional anchoring, architectural globalization produces the same cities all over the World. This is an observation that nobody criticizes, it's a bit like a single party?
the creation of self sufficient small towns, really very nice towns if you were docile and had no plans of your own and did not mind spending your life with others with no plans of their own.
Trame urbaine et son avatar l'urbanisme, un mot inventé par Cerda à Barcelone en 1880, en même temps que la critique par Sitte des villes hygiéniques de Hoffmann.
L'urbis c'est une forme de trajet en satellite, cela donne des espaces périphériques otages du centre et la consécration depuis de la ville perpendiculaire avec l'horrible poème de "L'angle droit " et ses conséquences désastreuses aujourd'hui ?
Critique? Presque illégale actuellement du Grand Maître Le Corbusier vient de corbeau premier grades de la secte de Mithra. ...module or --Modulor-Mystère transhumanisme- Rêve de la machine à habiter puis échec actuellement des conditions de déplacement et de leurs relations avec une forme urbaine qui brise les liens. Comme dans un corps vivant, il s'établit à travers une morphologie des globules rouges .Le corps d'une ville est uniquement conçu pour la voiture sans interactions, entre des piétons devenus des fourmis. Impossible de s'arrêter dans un couloir de metro par exemple.
Forme des gens et formatage ... village en cercle rencontre / échiquier et échec des relations par la division du sol qui projette des voies pour circuler et accéder au propriétés , la culture du vide de la rue moderne produit des déplacements sans rencontres aléatoires autres que des accidents de circulation. Le système d'une ville quadrillée c'est imposé comme un moyen simple d'agrandir ou de créer une ville à partir d'une voie, à l'extrême certaine villes n'existent que sur une voie composée de boites avec des parkings pour faciliter l'accès. Ainsi beaucoup de quartiers ressemblent à des échiquiers avec des zones commerciales sur les anciennes zones maraîchères, la production agricole étant gérée au niveau régional ou national.
Il faudra mieux étudier la ville et l'importance de sa géométrie, les trajets des citadins dans une ville quadrangulaire et l'absence ou l'échec des commerces dans ces quartiers.... Le trajet linéaire et l'absence de repères ... Le poids d'un passé et la possibilité de faire évoluer la ville avec son temps. La fatalité de naître ou de vivre dans un quartier linéaire composé de parking et de logements sans commerces ni équipements publics, la porosité des équipements publics... Le vrai sens du mot église... on ne vit pas avec du tout commerce ... Vers une église citoyenne? Il faut comprendre et essayer d'arrêter de glorifier les bâtiments d'architecture trop mode et fragile dans l'entretien et décidé avec Le financement 100% public... les dons ne sont jamais aussi bien reçu que ceux qui sont un mélange participatif et plus un droit systématique qui coûte cher en gestion... on peut faire des écoles plus libres pour ceux nombreux qui sont en échec dans Le primaire et faire tourner les écoles comme le font déjà les entreprises dans les incubateurs. La forme des villes est le principal facteur d'échec des quartiers pauvres. Les urbanistes sont nés dans cette facilité de reproduire en copie/collé une éternelle vision de parkings et de blocs maintenant biens isolés en façades avec des matériaux fragiles. Les architectes suivent la mode moderne comme un sacerdoce, la nouveauté des formes est devenue un dogme, les façades sont comme des tableaux sans lien autre que la géométrie du parcellaire. La vie n'as pas pu naître dans ces villes clonées avec une grille, elles ont volontairement effacé tout les liens avec l'histoire et l'ancrage régional, la globalisation architecturale produit les mêmes villes dans le Monde. C'est un constat que personne ne critique, c'est un peu comme un parti unique ? C’est un vœu de mes années étudiantes, créer un nouveau village et rendre hommage à mon coloriste préféré Vincent Van Gogh , un mystique qui ignorait la genèse scolaire pour vivre intensément dans l’intuition d’un Monde au-dessus et bien plus subtil que l’épreuve d’une vie terrienne, Vincent un extraterrestre 👽 mais bien sûr, salut 👋 les terriens
1)Nombre: Valentina
2)Fecha de nacimiento: 25 abril 1994
3)Donde vives: Cap. stgo, chile
4)Tienes hermanos: Si, 2 hermanas.
5)Color de ojos: cafeclaro Aveces miel.
6)Altura: mm 1,55 mas o menos
7)Tienes pircings: no
8)Eres celoso/a: Mucho! hasta de las amistades.
9)Cita ideal: tirarse en donde sea que se pueda ver el cielo, que haya pasto y brisa.
10)Lo primero el pelo o la nariz: :s
11)Amores platónicos: de vdd de vdd, niuno .s
12)Tendrías sexo en la primera cita: eeh tal vez.
13)Tienes novi@: jaja no
14)Un beso largo o 100 cortos: me da lo mismo, mientras exprese..
15)Crees en el amor a 1a vista: amor amor, no !, atraccion fisica a primera vista.
16)Jugaste con los sentimientos de alguien: Puede que si, pero no intencionalmente.
17)Una canción de amor: mm hay muchas.
18)Quien te felicitó primero en tu cumple: Mi mama
19)Día mas feliz de tu vida: Todos tienen algo especial,
20)Lees a diario: jaja no
21)Que asignatura se te da peor: mm historia y matematicas : (
22)Preferirías haberte llamado de otra manera: siii ><
23)En que ciudad te gustaría vivir que no sea la que estas: me da lo mismo.
24)Cuanto tiempo crees que tardaras en acabar la carrera: carrera de estudio o competencia :s ?
25)Alguna canción que te recuerde a algo o a alguien: muchas, muchasss.
26)Que te gustaría inventar: hay qe pensarlo
27)Que te gustaría descubrir: las preguntitas hueon 77
28)Si pudieras ser alguien diferente quien serias: solo cambiaria detalles ..
29)Como te describes: qe me describan .
30)Que harías si te tocara el gordo de navidad: ????? XD
31)Que fotos llevas en tu monedero: monedero xd, tengo billetera, y llevo la foto de cuando mi hermana mayor se graduo de 8vo, mi padre cuando era joven, fotos de ex compañeros, amigos, y familia.
32)Como es el fondo de la pantalla de tu ordenador: De mil colores, ya que por los imanes se me hecho a perder 88
33)Que es lo primero que piensas cuando te levantas: Dias de semana, colegio *-* y losfinde mm aveces despierto en la noche.
34)Para ti el vaso medio lleno o medio vacío: va 77
35)Si tuvieras un hijo o una hija como los llamarías: mm si fuera hombre, nicolas, philip, gonzalo, no se :s y si fuese mujer, natalia, nicole, constanza, etc .
35)Que hay debajo de tu cama: mm mugre po xd
36)Duermes las siesta: Una ves a las kinientas, deberia estar muy cansada
37)Cama con o sin almohada: con una po.
38)Que haces antes de dormir: Veo tv o hago ejercicios escuchando musica xd
39)Que odias hacer: hacer nada x_x , me desespera .
40)Cual es tu color favorito: mm Verde, negro, aj son artos, solo que algunos los uso para vestirme, colorear, mm no se po xd
41)Azúcar o educolorante: que es educolorante ? :|
42)Que parte de tu cuerpo te gusta mas: mm la guata.
43)Prefieres la comida o el postre: comida ñam
44)Pizza o pasta: no soi fanatica de esas hueas :s
45)Tema preferido de conversación: lo que sea
46)Día favorito de la semana: mmm miercoles y viernes (6)
47)Invierno o verano: verano
48)Un chica especial para ti: ..
49)Un deporte: altetismo
50)Una bebida no alcohólica: me da igual xd
51)Una droga: shia 77 no me ando drogando pero mm de medicamentos, jaja nose el qe mejor me haga efecto nomas xd
52)Vicios: Hacer deporte, comida.
53)Una ciudad: mm niuna en especial
54)Un color de ojos: verdes azulados.
55)Que estas pensando: en que tego que estudiar fisica,
56)Que tienes puesto: Pantalon de buso negro, camiseta blanca y un poleron azul marino con gorro xd.
57)Que fecha es: 12 de septiembre del 2008.
58)Estas feliz: No mucho.
59)Extrañas a alguien: si
60)Que canción estas escuchando: estaba escuchando soy una gargola(8) xd
61)¿A quien nominas?: Como si fuese peloton XD!
Primer
62- Mejor amigo/a: alex (infancia)
63- Auto: los maserati o los ferraris me llaman la atencion
64- Nickname usado en línea: no estoy conectada,
65- Álbum que compraste con tu dinero: niuno
66- Funeral: Ufff el unico de mi vida hace como 4 años atras.
67- Mascota: Una pudul toy y un gato blanco con manchitas cafecitas claras.
68- Enemigo: niuno
69- Viaje largo: eem, nunca he salido fuera de chile, ah pero ya se, en las vaca de invierno fui a peumo y a chepica a la ves, como 6horas xd
· Último
70- Cigarrillo: no fumo XD
71- Salida en auto: mm ando en transantiago:$
72- Llanto: Hoy a las 7.10 am !
73- Libro que leíste: poemas y antipoemas de nicanor parra
74- Película que viste: pelicula:s aveces veo no se cual fue la ultima.
75- Líquido que bebiste: té
76- Comida que consumiste: tostadas con mantequilla.
77- Llamada telefónica: en la mñn, pero no hable por tel :s mande un sms nomas.
78- Zapatos que usaste: mm ayer en el colegio, converse negras.
79- Artículo comprado: eeeh fruyele :s
80- Cosa que te molestó: que mi mama me haya dicho 'No vas al colegio hoy, estas castigada por haber llegado tarde :s ' ( por las hueas qe me castiga po weon 77, igual llore mas de una hora:$)
· Específicos
81- ¿Usas drogas? nop, para cuando estoy enferma, medicamentos.
82- ¿Qué tipo de champú usas? niuno en especial, puede ser pilotonic, o mm headandshoulders, etc.
83- ¿A qué le tienes más miedo? A mis cambios de animos.
84- ¿Qué escuchas en este momento? mm a la cintrifuga :s
85- ¿Qué te gustaría cambiar de ti mismo/a? Me gustaria tener orgullo :]
· Favoritos
86- Comida: Budin, pollo asado con papas fritas .
87- Materia de colegio: Lenguaje, Ingles, Fisica.
88- Animales: Gatos, perros, lo comun creo xd
89- Deporte: em basketball, futbol, tenis etc.
90- Perfume: me da igual, aunqe igual me hecho los de guaguas xd
· ¿Alguna vez has...?
91- ¿Bañado a alguien? a mi hna chica
92- ¿Fumado? obvio, antes.
93- ¿Vomitado a propósito? si jajaa
94- ¿Nadado sin ropa? mm no, osea cuando era bebe nadaba en la tina:$
95- ¿Estado enamorado/a? sip
96- ¿Llorado para salir de un problema? es lo tipico creo, pero no para solucionarlo, si no para mm desahogarme.
97- ¿Visto desnudo/a a la persona que te gusta? eeh en mis sueños nomas:$
98- ¿Llorado por la muerte de alguien? no se me ha muerto niun ser querido *-*
99- ¿Mentido? demas po ! xd pero no me acostumbro mucho a mentir, mas a omitir..
100- ¿Tenido una operación? nunca creo.
101- ¿Sido rechazado? eh quizas, pero no me he percatado.
102- ¿Rechazado a alguien? lo mismo qe arriba.
103- ¿Usado a alguien? si en todos sentidos:)
· Última persona a la que…
104- Tocaste: a mi hna cuando la salude :G
105- Abrazaste: hermana xd
106- Enviaste un mensaje instantáneo: mm sh
107- Besaste: va 77
· ¿Eres...?
108- Comprensivo/a: muuucho xd
109- Imparcial: eh aveces
110- Arrogante: no lo se
111- Inseguro/a: ah que no xd
112- Interesante: kreo ke si
113- Virgen: si pos ^o)
114-Inteligente: dependepo jaja si se trata de cuando hay qe inventar algo, ya sea escusas, o mm en todosentido heon xd si soi 88
115- Trabajador/a: cuando hay interes, obvio !
116- Organizado/a: Cuando se trata de estudiar, no mucho ! pero cn lo demas, si.
117- Tímido/a: demaciado
118- Atractivo/a: al menos eso dicen los pendejos, los viejos verdes, los de la contru, los qe pasan en bici, mis compañeros de clase .
119- Responsable: Mm me hago responsable, es distinto creo.
120- Obsesivo/a: quizas
121- Temperamental: si
122- Honrado/a: sipo
123- Confiado/a: no mucho
124- Extrovertido/a: ni tanto:s
· Número de...
125- Veces que te han roto el corazón: si ahora estoy sola es pk termine, y si termine es pk no funciono y cuando en el momento qqe no funciona, ya me lo rompieron-
126- Corazones que has roto: no kreo ke sea asi de frio, como 'romper el corazon de alguien', haberle hecho daño, talves, si .
127- Países a los que has viajado: ni uno
128- Amigos: poqisimos
129- CDs que posees: ni idea.
130- Cicatrices en tu cuerpo: eeh como 4 :s
131)Cómo te hubiera gustado llamarte: no se, pero nomegusta valentina:(
132)Comida más exótica que conozcas: mm nose
133)Tu contraste de colores favoritos: Rojo con negro :s
134)Flor favorita: girasol talves :s
135)Festividad favorita del año: mm estoy en blanco .
136)El rasgo más sobresaliente de tu carácter: carismatico puede ser o no ?.
137)Qué cambiarias de tu vida: detalles..
138)Lo que mejor te sale en la cocina: jhjaha no se hacer niuna huea :'(, la otra ves keria comer bistec y lo meti al microondas y le heche sal y kedo delicioso:$
139)De que te gustaría disfrazarte: mm algun mono de cabros chicos:s o de miedo.
140)Dinero, amor o salud: De partida, para estar feliz teniendo dinero y amor, hay ke tener salud ..
141)Morir joven o morir viejo: nose ><
142)Canción que siempre que la oyes te provoca bailar: mm pose de daddy yankee:s bailo lo que escucho en realidad xD, hasta las sinfonias de sebastian bash :s
143)Parte donde sientes más cosquillas: en la guata, en la rodilla :x
Palabrita favorita: jaja buena : )
144)Tu punto débil: secret:x.
145)Caricatura favorita: Tom y jerry quizas :s
146)Nombre verdadero: valentina
147)Tu nombre de la calle: (Primeras 3 letras de tu nombre): val
148)Tu nombre de Detective:(animal favorito y color favorito): Perro verde
149)Tu nombre de Superheroe: (Tu bebida favorita y tu segundo color favorito): cocanegra
150)Tu nombre de Protección: (El segundo Apellido de tus Padres): Meneses aldunate
151)Apodos: val, vale, valen, nita, pede, pedemonte,
152)Edad: 14
153)Estado Civil: me tome un tiempo por ahora!
154)Nacionalidad: chilena pues=D
155)Estado de Residencia: :| ?
156)Hobbies: Escuchar musica, hacer break, salir a caminar cuando esta lindo el dia.
157)Practicas algún deporte?: Practicaba atletismo, hasta qe me pillaron en el cigarrillo y jaja me sacaron xD por ahora hago breakdance pero no kreo qe sea un deporte.
158)Equipo favorito?: futbol? universidad de chile :S
159)Cantante favorito/a?: Avril y muchos mas .
160)Rola favorita?: En estos momentos, The reason de hoobastank =s
161)Coleccionas algo en especial?: Jockies o como se escriba jajaja
162)Frase favorita: ' Para ser bella hay que mirar estrellas ' ' Donde hubo fuego, cenisas qudan, pero esta vez el viento se las lleva ' .
163)Qué tipos de besos te gustan?: romanticos, apasionados, lentos, coordinados, con lengua :$ qe baboso esto xd
164)Besarías a alguien de tu mismo sexo?: Porque no jaja ?
165)Te han puesto los cuernos?: eh que yo sepa, 1 ves QUE YO SEPA XD
166)Y tu los haz puesto?: mas de 3veces u.u.
167)¿El peor oso que has tenido?: cuando camino por la calle y casi me atropellan o me tropieso jhj y la gente mira como o.o aprende a caminar hueon xd
168)¿Qué otro foros visitas?: Eh estoy en wikipedia viendo unas hueas de fisica.
169)Descríbete en una palabra: Especial !
Siam Park is considered as the biggest theme park, as well as biggest water park in Southeast Asia, as well as the oldest water park in Thailand. Since 2007, the park owner has completed the construction of six new attractions: Vortex - the first hanging invented coaster in Thailand, Boomerang - the reverse roller coaster, Giant Drop - 75 metre free fall, Aladdin - the magic carpet ride, Siam Park Tower - 100-metre automatic observation tower, and Condor - the twister.
Siam Park is separated into three main zones, the water park ( Siam Lagoon ), the amusement park ( Siam X-treme ) and a learning park ( Siam Genius ). It also has the Pathfinder camp located inside the park. Siam Park was not the first amusement park in Thailand, the first one is Happy land at Bang-kapi then Magic Land near Central Lat Phrao, but it was closed due to the end of their land-rental contract, making Siam Park the oldest existing park in the country.
I visited Siam Park known locally as Suan Siam, on June 6th 2010. I was surprised at what I found. Many of the rides where on par with theme parks around the world. But again like Dream World,
I found everything looking tired. However that said the park was a great day out. The water park in particular was pleasant and the surroundings very well laid out. But some of the food stalls need to address their hygiene. Fly’s landing on exposed food does nothing for the appetite! Not all the stalls had this problem.
Siam Water Park is the most popular zone in the park in my view, offering the perfect place to cool down and escape the busy city streets. With plenty of shaded seating, families often spend the entire day here, jumping in and out of the river that flows through the park, which also boasts the largest wave pool in the world, with small waves and shallow areas suitable for all ages, and a gentle slope to paddle in. For older people the Super Spiral is great fun, with slides weaving in and out, and great fun for anyone over the age of eight! For smaller kids there are mini slides, and for daredevils – the speed slide!
One item to consider, the park opens at 10.00 am but that is for people wanting to go directly to the Water Park, the rest of the park and rides do not open until 11.00 am. When I was visiting I found quite a few of the rides closed altogether, I guess for refurbishment.
mémoire2cité - Sols absorbants, formes arrondies et couleurs vives, les aires de jeux standardisées font désormais partie du paysage urbain. Toujours les mêmes toboggans sécurisés, châteaux forts en bois et animaux à ressort. Ces non-lieux qu’on finit par ne plus voir ont une histoire, parallèle à celle des différentes visions portées sur l’enfant et l’éducation. En retournant jouer au xixe siècle, sur les premiers playgrounds des États-Unis, on assiste à la construction d’une nation – et à des jeux de société qui changent notre vision sur les balançoires du capitalisme. Ce texte est paru dans le numéro 4 de la revue Jef Klak « Ch’val de Course », printemps-été 2017. La version ici publiée en ligne est une version légèrement remaniée à l’occasion de sa republication dans le magazine Palais no 27 1, paru en juin 2018. la video içi www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uwj1wh5k5PY The concept for adventure playgrounds originated in postwar Europe, after a playground designer found that children had more fun with the trash and rubble left behind by bombings -inventing their own toys and playing with them- than on the conventional equipment of swings and slides. Narrator John Snagge was a well-known voice talent in the UK, working as a newsreader for BBC Radio - jefklak.org/le-gouvernement-des-playgrounds/ - www.collectorsweekly.com/articles/chasing-the-vanishing-p... or children, playgrounds are where magic happens. And if you count yourself among Baby Boomers or Gen Xers, you probably have fond memories of high steel jungle gyms and even higher metal slides that squeaked and groaned as you slid down them. The cheerful variety of animals and vehicles on springs gave you plenty of rides to choose from, while a spiral slide, often made of striped panels, was a repeated thrill. When you dismounted from a teeter-totter, you had to be careful not to send your partner crashing to the ground or get hit in the head by your own seat. The tougher, faster kids always pushed the brightly colored merry-go-round, trying to make riders as dizzy as possible. In the same way, you’d dare your sibling or best friend to push you even higher on the swing so your toes could touch the sky. The most exciting playgrounds would take the form of a pirate ship, a giant robot, or a space rocket.
“My husband would look at these big metal things and go, ‘Oh my God, those are the Slides of Death!'” - insh.world/history/playground-equipment-of-yesterday-that...
Today, these objects of happy summers past have nearly disappeared, replaced by newer equipment that’s lower to the ground and made of plastic, painted metal, and sometimes rot-resistant woods like cedar or redwood. The transformation began in 1973, when the U.S. Congress established the Consumer Product Safety Commission, which began tracking playground injuries at hospital emergency rooms. The study led to the publication of the first Handbook for Public Playground Safety in 1981, which signaled the beginning of the end for much of the playground equipment in use. (See the latest PPS handbook here.) Then, the American Society for Testing and Materials created a subcommittee of designers and playground-equipment manufacturers to set safety standards for the whole industry. When they published their guidelines in 1993, they suggested most existing playground surfaces, which were usually asphalt, dirt, or grass, needed to be replaced with pits of wood or rubber mulch or sand, prompting many schools and parks to rip their old playgrounds out entirely.
Top: A Space Age rocket-themed playground set by Miracle Playground Equipment, introduced circa 1968, photographed in Burlington, Colorado, in 2009. Above: Two seesaws and a snail-shaped climber, circa 1970s, photographed in Vandergrift, Pennsylvania, in 2007. (Photos by Brenda Biondo)
Top: A Space Age rocket-themed playground set by Miracle Playground Equipment, introduced circa 1968, photographed in Burlington, Colorado, in 2009. Above: Two seesaws and a snail-shaped climber, circa 1970s, photographed in Vandergrift, Pennsylvania, in 2007. (Photos by Brenda Biondo)
That said, removing and replacing playground equipment takes money, so a certain amount of vintage playground equipment survived into the next millennium—but it’s vanishing fast. Fortunately, Brenda Biondo, a freelance journalist turned photographer, felt inspired to document these playscapes before they’ve all been melted down. Her photographs capture the sculptural beauty and creativity of the vintage apparatuses, as well as that feeling of nostalgia you get when you see a piece of your childhood. After a decade of hunting down old playgrounds, Biondo published a coffee-table book, 2014’s Once Upon a Playground: A Celebration of Classic American Playgrounds, 1920-1975, which includes both her photographs of vintage equipment and pages of old playground catalogs that sold it.
Starting this November, Biondo’s playground photos will hit the road as part of a four-year ExhibitsUSA traveling show, which will also include vintage playground postcards and catalog pages from Biondo’s collection. The show will make stops in smaller museums and history centers around the United States, passing through Temple, Texas; Lincoln, Nebraska; Kansas City, Missouri; and Greenville, South Carolina. Biondo talked to us on the phone from her home in small-town Colorado, where she lives with her husband and children.
This 1975 Miracle catalog page reads, "This famous Lifetime Whirl has delighted three generations of children and still is a safe, playground favorite. Although it has gone through many improvements many of the original models are still spinning on playgrounds from coast to coast." (Courtesy of Brenda Biondo)This 1975 Miracle catalog page reads, “This famous Lifetime Whirl has delighted three generations of children and still is a safe, playground favorite. Although it has gone through many improvements many of the original models are still spinning on playgrounds from coast to coast.” (Courtesy of Brenda Biondo)Collectors Weekly: What inspired you to photograph playgrounds?Biondo: In 2004, I happened to be at my local park with my 1-year-old daughter, who was playing in the sandbox. I had just switched careers, from freelance journalism to photography, and I was looking for a starter project. I looked around the playground and thought, “Where is all the equipment that I remember growing up on?” They had new plastic contraptions, but nothing like the big metal slides I grew up with. After that, I started driving around to other playgrounds to see if any of this old equipment still existed. I found very little of it and realized it was disappearing quickly. That got to me.I felt like somebody should be documenting this equipment, because it was such a big part—and a very good part—of so many people’s childhoods. I couldn’t find anybody else who was documenting it, and I didn’t see any evidence that the Smithsonian was collecting it. As far as I could tell, it was just getting ripped up and sent to the scrap heap. At first, I started traveling around Colorado where I live, visiting playgrounds. Eventually, I took longer trips around the Southwest, and then I started looking for playgrounds whenever I was in any other parts of the country, like around California and the East Coast. It was a long-term project—shot over the course of a decade. And every year that I was shooting, it got harder and harder to find those pieces of old equipment.
This merry-go-round, photographed in Cañon City, Colorado, in 2006, is very similar to the Lifetime Whirl above. In the background are a rideable jalopy and animals, including four attached to a teeter-totter. (Photo by Brenda Biondo)
This merry-go-round, photographed in Cañon City, Colorado, in 2006, is very similar to the Lifetime Whirl above. In the background are a rideable jalopy and animals, including four attached to a teeter-totter. (Photo by Brenda Biondo)
Collectors Weekly: How did you find them?
Biondo: I would just drive around. I started hunting down local elementary schools and main-street playgrounds as well as neighborhood playgrounds. If I had a weekend, I would say, “OK, I’m going to drive from my home three hours east to the Kansas border, stay overnight and drive back.” Along the way, I would stop at every little town that I’d pass. They usually had one tiny main-street playground and one elementary school. I never knew what I was going to find. In a poorer area, a town often doesn’t have much money to replace playground equipment, whereas more affluent areas usually have updated their playgrounds by now. It was a bit of a crap shoot. Sometimes, I’d drive for hours and not really find anything—or I’d find one old playground after the other, because I happened to be in an area where equipment hadn’t been replaced.
I couldn’t get to every state, so I had to shoot where I was. I think there certainly are still old playgrounds out there, especially in small towns. But there’s fewer and fewer of them every year. My book has something like 170 photographs. I would guess that half the equipment pictured is already gone. Sometimes, I’d go back to a playground with a nice piece of equipment a year later to reshoot it, maybe in different lighting or a different season, and so often it had been removed. That pressured me to get out as often as I could because if I waited a few weeks, that piece might not be there anymore.
A 1911 postcard shows girls playing on an outdoor gymnasium at Mayo Park in Rochester, Minnesota.
a 1911 postcard shows girls playing on an outdoor gymnasium at Mayo Park in Rochester, Minnesota.
Collectors Weekly: What did you learn about playground history?
Biondo: I didn’t know American playgrounds started as part of the social reform or progressive movement of the early 1900s. Reformers hoped to keep poor inner-city immigrant kids safe and out of trouble. Back then, city children were playing in the streets with nothing to do, and when cars became more popular, kids started to get hit by motorists. Child activists started building playgrounds in big cities like Boston, Chicago, and New York as a way to help and protect these kids. These reformers felt they could build model citizens by teaching cooperation and manners through playgrounds. These early main-street parks would also have playground leaders who orchestrated activities such as games and songs.
“I started driving to playgrounds to see if any old equipment still existed. I found very little of it and realized it was disappearing quickly.”
In the late 1800s, Germans developed what they called “sand gardens,” which are just piles of sand where kids can come dig and build things. There were few of those in the United States as well. But by the early 1900s, the emphasis of playgrounds was on the apparatuses, things kids could climb on or swing on.
Soon after I started researching playground history, I happened to stumble on an eBay auction for a 1926 catalog that the playground manufacturers used to send to schools. At that point, I wasn’t thinking of doing a book, but I thought I could do something with it. I won the catalog; I paid, like, $12 for it. And it was so interesting because I could see this vintage equipment when it was brand new and considered modern and advanced. The manufacturers boasted about how safe it was and how it was good for building both muscles and imaginations.
After that, I would always search on eBay for playground catalogs, and I ended up with about three dozen catalogs from different manufacturers. My oldest is 1916, and my newest is from 1975. So I would take a photograph of some type of merry-go-round, and then I might find that same merry-go-round in a 1930 catalog. Often in the book, I pair my picture with the page from the catalog showing when it was first manufactured. I discovered a couple dozen manufacturers, which tended to be located in the bigger industrial areas with steel manufacturing, like Trenton, New Jersey, and Kokomo and Litchfield, Indiana. Pueblo, Colorado, even had a playground manufacturer. Burke and GameTime were big 20th century companies, and actually are among few still in existence.
The cover of a 1926 catalog for EverWear Manufacturing Company. (Courtesy of Brenda Biondo)
The cover of a 1926 catalog for EverWear Manufacturing Company. (Courtesy of Brenda Biondo)
Collectors Weekly: I recently came across an old metal slide whose steps had the name of the manufacturer, American, forged in openwork letters.
Biondo: I love those. One of the last pages in the book shows treads from six different slides, and they each had the name of their manufacturer in them, including Porter, American, and Burke. One time when I was traveling, I did a quick side trip to a small town with an elementary school. In the parking lot was this old metal slide with the American step treads, lying on its side. You could tell it had just been ripped off out of the concrete, which was still attached to the bottom, and was waiting for the steel recyclers to come and take it away.
I thought, “Oh my gosh, just put it on eBay! Somebody is going to want that. Don’t melt it down.” But nobody thinks about this stuff getting thrown away when it should be preserved. If you go on eBay, you can find a lot of those small animals on springs that little kids ride, because they’re small enough to be shipped. Once I saw someone selling one of those huge rocket ships, which had been dismantled, on eBay, but I don’t know if anybody ever bid on it. It’s rare to see the big stuff, because it is so expensive to ship. It’s like, “What kind of truck do you need to haul this thing away?” I don’t know of anyone who’s collecting those pieces, but I hope somebody is.
A metal slide in Victor, Colorado, had step treads with the name "American" in them. Photographed in 2008. (Photo by Brenda Biondo)
A metal slide in Victor, Colorado, had step treads with the name “American” in them. Photographed in 2008. (Photo by Brenda Biondo)
Collectors Weekly: It seems like an opportunity for both starting a collection or repurposing the material.
Biondo: I photographed many of the apparatuses as if they were sculptures because they have really cool designs and colors. Even when they’re worn down, the exposed layers of paint can be beautiful. Hardly anybody stops to look at it that way. People drive by and think, “Oh, there’s an old, rusty, rundown playground.” But if you take the time to look closely at this stuff, it’s really interesting. Just by looking at these pieces, you can picture all the kids who played on them.
Collectors Weekly: Aren’t people nostalgic for their childhood playgrounds?
Biondo: While I was taking the pictures, I visited Boulder, Colorado, which is a very affluent community. I was sure there would be no old playground equipment there. When I was driving around, all of a sudden, I looked over and saw this huge rocket ship. It turns out that one of the original NASA astronauts, Scott Carpenter, grew up in Boulder, and this playground was built in the ’60s to honor their hometown boy. Because of that, the citizens of Boulder never wanted to take down the rocket ship. One of the first exhibitions of this photography project happened in Boulder, and at the opening, I sold four prints of that rocket ship. People would come up to me at the exhibition, and they’d go, “Oh my gosh, I grew up playing on this when I was a little kid! Now, my kids are playing on it, and I’m so excited that I can get a picture of it and hang it in their bedroom.” So people have a strong nostalgic attachment to this equipment. It’s sad that most of it’s not going to be around for much longer.
A 1968 Miracle Playground Equipment catalog features the huge rocket-ship play set seen at the top of this story. (Courtesy of Brenda Biondo)
A 1968 Miracle Playground Equipment catalog features the huge rocket-ship playset seen at the top of this story. (Courtesy of Brenda Biondo)
Collectors Weekly: Besides slides and animals on springs, what were some other pieces that were common in older playgrounds?
Biondo: I didn’t come across as many old swings as I expected. I thought they would be all over the place, but I guess they’re gone now because they were so easy to replace. I tended to find merry-go-rounds more frequently—you know, the one where you’d run around pushing them and then jump on. When my kids were younger, they’d go out playground hunting with me, and the merry-go-rounds were their favorite things. They’re just so fun. The other thing you don’t find often is the seesaw or teeter-totter, and that was my favorite.The Karymor Stationary Jingle Ring Outfit appeared in the 1931 playground catalog put out by Pueblo, Colorado's R.F. Lamar and Co. (Photo by Brenda Biondo)
The Karymor Stationary Jingle Ring Outfit appeared in the 1931 playground catalog put out by Pueblo, Colorado’s R.F. Lamar and Co. (Photo by Brenda Biondo)
Before I started this project, I didn’t know there was such a variety of equipment. I figured I’d see seesaws, swings, slides, and merry-go-rounds. But I had no idea there were such things as revolving swings, which would be attached to a spinning pole via outstretched metal arms. Many mid-century pieces had themes from pop culture like “The Wizard of Oz,” “Cinderella,” “Denis the Menace,” cowboys and Indians, and Saturday-morning cartoons. During the Space Age, you started to see pieces of equipment shaped like rocket ships and satellites, because in the ’60s, Americans were so excited about space exploration. What was going on in the broader culture often got reflected in playground equipment.
Pursuing the catalogs was eye-opening. I live about an hour and a half south of Denver, so I often looked for playgrounds around the city. There, I’d find these contraptions where were shaped like umbrella skeletons, but then they had these rings hanging off the spindles. I’ve never seen them outside of Colorado. Then I bought a 1930s catalog from the manufacturer in Pueblo, Colorado, which is only 45 minutes from me, and it featured this apparatus. Later, I met people in Denver who’d say, “Oh, yeah, I remember that thing as a kid. It’s kind of like monkey bars where you had to try and get from ring to ring swinging and hanging by your arms.” There was so much variety, and even so many variations on the basics.I have a cool catalog from 1926 from the manufacturer Mitchell, which doesn’t exist anymore. I looked at one of the contraptions they advertised and I was like, “Oh my God, this looks like a torture device!” It was their own proprietary apparatus and maybe it didn’t prove to be very popular. I had never seen something like that on a playground. There probably weren’t very many of them installed.
This strange Climbing Swing from the 1926 Mitchell Manufacturing Company catalog looks a bit like a torture device. Brenda Biondo says she's never found one in the wild. (Courtesy of Brenda Biondo)
This Climbing Swing from the 1926 Mitchell Manufacturing Company catalog looks a bit like a torture device. Biondo’s never found one in the wild. (Courtesy of Brenda Biondo)
Collectors Weekly: After a while, were you able to date pieces just by looking at them?
Biondo: From looking at the catalogs, I certainly got a better idea of when things were built. But there were a handful things I couldn’t find in the catalogs. You can guess the age by knowing the design, as well as by looking at the amount of wear and the height of the piece. Usually, the taller it was, the older it was. One of the oldest slides I photographed was probably from the ’30s. I climbed to the top to shoot it as if the viewer were going to go down the slide. Up there, the place where you’d sit before sliding had been used for so many years by so many kids that I could see an outline of all the butts worn into the metal. You can imagine all the children who must have gone down that slide to wear the metal down like that.
This 1930s-era slide, found in Sargents, Colorado, in 2007, developed a butt-shaped imprint. (Photo by Brenda Biondo)
This 1930s-era slide, found in Sargents, Colorado, in 2007, developed a butt-shaped imprint. (Photo by Brenda Biondo)
Collectors Weekly: How did Modernism influence playground design?
Biondo: In 1953, the Museum of Modern Art in New York held a competition for playground design. Modern Art was just getting popular, and the idea of incorporating the theories of Modernist design into utilitarian objects was in the air, and was translated into playgrounds for several years. I have a 1967 catalog that features very abstract playground equipment made from sinuous blobs of poured concrete. And you’ve probably seen some of it, but there’s not too much of that around. That’s another example of how broader cultural trends were reflected in playgrounds.
When most people think of playgrounds, they say, “Oh, that’s a kiddie subject. There’s not much to it.” But when you start looking into them, you realize playgrounds are a fascinating piece of American culture—they go back a hundred years and played a part in most Americans’ lives. These playground pieces are icons of our childhood.
Collectors Weekly:What was the impact of the Consumer Product Safety Commission, which launched in 1973?
Biondo: Things started to change after that, which is why I limited to book to apparatuses made before 1975. New playgrounds were starting to be build out of plastic and fiberglass. I looked up the statistics, and according to the little research I’ve done—contrary to what you’d expect—there’s not much difference in the number of injuries on older equipment versus injuries on equipment today. A “New York Times” article from 2011 called “Can a Playground Be Too Safe?” explains that studies show when playground equipment was really high and just had asphalt underneath it and not seven layers of mulch, thekids knew they had to be careful because they didn’t want to fall. Nowadays, when everything is lower and there’s so much mulch, kids are just used to jumping down and falling and catching themselves. So kids learned to assess risk by playing on the older equipment. They also learned to challenge themselves because it is a little scary to go up to the top of the thing.
This old postcard of Shawnee Park in Kansas City, Kansas, circa 1912, shows how tall slides could get.
This old postcard of Shawnee Park in Kansas City, Kansas, circa 1912, shows how tall slides could get.
At my local park where you have new equipment, the monkey bars aren’t that high and there’s mulch below it, but a child fell and broke their arm last year. When I was talking to the principal at the school where they had just torn out that old American slide, I asked her, “Why did you replace the equipment?” She said, “We felt the parents in the community were expecting to have a little bit newer and nicer equipment. And this stuff had been here for so long.” And I said, “Have you seen a difference in injury rates since you put up your newer equipment?” She replied, “I’ve been a principal here several years, and we never had a serious broken-bone injury on the playground until four months ago on the new equipment.”
There were some nasty accidents in the ‘60s and ’70s, where kids got their arms or their heads caught in the contraptions. Those issues definitely needed to be assessed. What’s interesting is the Consumer Product Safety Commission never issued requirements, just suggested guidelines. But manufacturers felt that if their equipment didn’t meet those guidelines, they’d be vulnerable to liability. Everybody went to the extreme, making everything super safe so they wouldn’t risk getting sued.A 1970s-era climbing-bar apparatus, photographed in Rocky Ford, Colorado, in 2006. (Photo by Brenda Biondo)
A 1970s-era climbing-bar apparatus, photographed in Rocky Ford, Colorado, in 2006. (Photo by Brenda Biondo)
In the last decade, people have been looking at playground-equipment design and trying to make it more challenging and more encouraging of imaginative play, but without making it more likely someone’s going to get injured. And adults, I think, are realizing kids are spending more time indoors on devices so they want to do everything they can to encourage kids to still get outside, run around, and climb on things.
Collectors Weekly: You don’t need a playground to hurt yourself. When I was a kid, I fell off a farm post and broke my arm.Biondo: Oh, yeah, kids have been falling out trees forever—they always want to climb stuff. Playground politics are always evolving. Even in the 1920s, the catalogs talked about how safe their equipment was, and they were selling these 30-foot slides. Sometimes, I’d be out with my family on a vacation, and we’d make a little side tour to look for an old playground to shoot. My husband would look at these big metal things and go, “Oh my God, those are the Slides of Death!” because they were so huge and rickety. But back then, these were very safe pieces of equipment compared to what kids had been playing on before.
A page from the 1971 GameTime catalog offering rideable Saddle Mates. (Courtesy of Brenda Biondo)
A page from the 1971 GameTime catalog offering rideable Saddle Mates. (Courtesy of Brenda Biondo)
Collectors Weekly: Growing up in the 1980s, I always hated the new fiberglass slides because I’d end up with all these tiny glass shards in my butt.
Biondo: Yeah, I remember that, too. It’s always something. It is fun to talk to people about playgrounds because it reminds them of all the fun stuff they did as kids. When people see pictures of these metal slides, they tell me, “Oh my gosh, I remember getting such a bad burn from a metal slide one summer!” The metal would get so hot in the sun, and kids would take pieces of wax paper with them to sit on so they’d go flying down the slide. I have some old postcards that show playgrounds from the early ’20s. The wood seesaws not only were huge, but they had no handles so you had hold on to the sides of the board where you sat. I’m looking at that like, “Oh my God!” It’s all relative.
playground_postcard_milwaukee
Kids ride the rocking-boat seesaw at a Milwaukee, Wisconsin, park in this postcard postmarked 1910.
(To see more of Brenda Biondo’s playground photos and vintage catalog pages, pick up a copy of her book, “Once Upon a Playground: A Celebration of Classic American Playground, 1920-1975.” To find an exhibition of Biondo’s playground project, or to bring it to your town, visit the ExhibitsUSA page. To learn more about creative mid-century playgrounds around the globe, also pick up, “The Playground Project” by Xavier Salle and Vincent Romagny.) insh.world/history/playground-equipment-of-yesterday-that...
Beautiful artwork was everywhere at the National Museum of the American Indian in Washington DC.
I found this particular piece especially intriguing. Isn't it wonderful?! I was admiring the beauty when the true meaning of the design hit me like a ton of Cisco Routers!
I'm no expert on Native American artifacts, but if I'm reading this correctly I think this clearly disputes Al Gore's claim that *he* invented the internet.
Then again, it could just be a couple of guys playing frisbee near a herd of running jumpy animals.
This Photograph shows an assortment of Matted Black & White Coca Cola Photographs, on the Wall in the World of Coca Cola Museum, Atlanta, Georgia. These B & W Photos depict several different countries of the world.
Pharmacist John Stith Pemberton invented Coca Cola in 1886. The Coca Cola Museum fronts on a small park near the Hilton Garden Inn Hotel where we stayed during our visit to Atlanta. The World of Coca Cola Museum is located at 121 Baker Street NW, Atlanta, GA 30313.
In June 2018, my wife & I attended a Family Wedding at the Hilton Garden Inn, 275 Baker Street in Atlanta, Georgia. One end the hallway on the on the 13 Floor (they call it Floor PH) gave me a Great View of the CSX Tracks, while the other end of the hallway gave me a great view of the Skyview Ferris Wheel across the street from Centennial Olympic Park.
Since we were in Atlanta for several days, I had some time to visit the Coca Cola Museum, which was a short 2 blocks away from our Hotel.
Dental hygienist Kara Hershey assiduously removes tartar from your correspondent's teeth while more than holding up her end of the conversation and guardedly discloses her ideas for inventions that could revolutionize dental care. watch video here
If he day smiles to you, smile to the day
El invento de la lámpara incandescente se atribuye generalmente a Thomas Alva Edison que presentó el 21 de octubre de 1879 una lámpara práctica y viable, que lució durante 48 horas ininterrumpidas, sin embargo esto es un error, pues el invento fue primeramente desarrollado por Humphry Davy y perfeccionado por Warren de la Rue1 2 . El 27 de enero de 1880 le fue concedida la patente, con el número 223.898. Otros inventores también habían desarrollado modelos que funcionaban en laboratorio, incluyendo a Joseph Swan, Henry Woodward, Mathew Evans, James Bowman Lindsay, William Sawyer y Humphry Davy 3 .
Cabe recordar que el alemán, Heinrich Goebel ya había registrado su propia bombilla incandescente en 1855, mucho antes por tanto que Thomas A. Edison. Tiempo después, pero siempre antes que a Edison, el 11 de julio de 1874 se le concedió al ingeniero ruso Alexander Lodiguin la patente nº1619 por una bombilla incandescente. El inventor ruso utilizó un filamento de carbono.
La bombilla es uno de los inventos más utilizados por el hombre desde su creación hasta la fecha. Según un ranking de la revista Life es la segunda más útil de las invenciones del siglo XIX. La comercialización de la bombilla por parte de la compañía de Thomas A. Edison estuvo plagada de disputas de patentes con sus competidores.
Grow wings and fly - as if he spontaneously decided to invent them to take on a new form of freedom. His face even suggests a hint of satisfaction.
Mural by Sheep Chen aka @sheep.chen for SprayseeMO 2025, seen at 3030 Roanoke Road in Kansas City, Missouri.
The artist states: This piece takes inspiration from the Chinese myth of Cangjie creating characters. Legend has it that Cangjie, the mythological figure who invented Chinese characters, was highly skilled in observing the world, hence he had four eyes. He drew from bird footprints, leaf shapes, and human gestures to create the earliest Chinese pictographs.
I’ve rearranged the English words ”Love, Peace, World“ into the Chinese characters 爱 (love), 和平 (peace), and 世界 (world). Just as Cangjie connected nature’s symbols to form writing, this reimagining of language aims to bridge Eastern and Western cultures—symbolizing how linguistic forms can forge deep connections between different civilizations."
Drone photo by James aka Urbanmuralhunter on that other photo site.
Edit by Teee.
Back in WW I, the aeroplane had only been newly invented, and was not yet well understood from an aerodynamic point of view, or lightweight structures, or power-packs. To lift much more than a man with some machine guns you needed some serious power, and some serious wing area. The wing area issue had been addressed earlier by tri-plane designs, but this limited the maximum speed at which planes could travel. A shift to bi-plane design required a longer span or aerofoil section width, both enabled by the LUSAC-11 with a large 415.5 sq.ft wing area. Power was provided by a 425 Packard-developed V12 Liberty engine. Original orders stood at 3,525 units to be assembled by the body-builders at Packard, Brewster and Fisher-Body (later part of General Motors), however WW I ended earlier than the expected production schedule, and in the end, only 30 planes were produced, in total, including prototypes.
The link between the aeroplane and the car is the V12 engine.
As the USA entered WW I against Germany the Aircraft Production Board summoned representatives from the Auto industry to develop a lightweight, high power engine for aircraft. To cut a long story short, the Liberty V12, designed by the Packard motor company was the outcome. The engine was produced by multiple engine suppliers, including Packard, Marmon and Lincoln motor companies. The engine was or 27 litre swept capacity (1649 CID). Though not used in automobiles, the production technologies, tooling and engineering development expertise allowed these luxury marques, and additionally Cadillac, to produce V12 designs capable for automobile use.
The 1922 Packard Twin-Six 3-35 Roadster shown here was a development of the first automobile production V12 produced. First produced in 1916, this first series ran until 1923.
In three series between 1916 and 1923, Packard built slightly more than 35,000 Twins, including numerous chassis for custom bodies. The Twin Six was the chief reason why, when the wealthy ordered a custom-bodied car, they tended to choose a Packard chassis.
Jesse Vincent, Packard's chief engineer, liked the 12-cylinder layout for three reasons: performance, smoothness, and silence. "A six-cylinder motor is theoretically in absolutely perfect balance," he wrote. "This is because the vibratory forces due to the rise and fall of one piston are neutralized by equal and opposite forces due to another...Now it is only possible to cancel out forces in this way if they are tied together strongly."
This meant a heavy crankcase and crankshaft and a rigid flywheel. But a Twelve or "Twin Six," Vincent continued, would provide the same rigidity and smoothness with less piston, crankcase, flywheel, and crankshaft weight -- and provide more horsepower and torque, to boot. He preferred a V-12 to a V-8 because a V-8 would require a wider frame, larger turning radius, and more complicated steering gear.
The Twin Six engine duly embodied the above principles, with two banks of L-head cylinders set at a 60-degree angle (versus 90 degrees in Cadillac's V-8). This allowed accessories to be bolted just below the frame, where they were protected from road hazards, while keeping the valves accessible.
Delivering 85 horsepower at 3,000 rpm, a bore and stroke at 3.00 × 5.00 inches resulted in a displacement of 424 cubic inches. Rockers were eliminated, with a separate cam for each valve, and all valves were located inboard of the cylinder blocks. A short, light crankshaft ran in three main bearings.
The car shown here is a 1922 Series-3 car, bodied as a Roadster.
The Packard-Le Père LUSAC-11 (1917) and Packard Twin-Six 3-35 Roadster (1922) have both been modelled in Lego miniland-scale for Flickr LUGNuts 79th Build Challenge, - "LUGNuts goes Wingnuts", - featuring automotive creations inspired by, named after, or with some connection to aviation.
This image is intended to accompany the Inventing Interactive post "Interview: Jorge Almeida (Star Trek Into Darkness)" -- about the design of the UI sequences in "Star Trek Into Darkness." The full post is online at www.inventinginteractive.com/2013/05/16/star-trek-into-darkness/
Inventó mil posturas
Y después de tantas noches
esperando un nuevo amanecer
La luz llegó
pero ella permaneció
inmóvil
sentada
sentida
sin tiempo
This miniature dollhouse scale (1:12) pine cabinet is filled, inside and outside, with wondrous, curious, and enchanted gizmos, gadgets, surprises, and enchantments… all the things the Wizard of Wizardly Gizmos and Gadgets Invented to Study the Nighttime Sky would need and would invent to enable him to follow his wizardly destiny.
good old pb&j sandwich
The peanut butter and jelly sandwich is such a staple of American childhood these days that it seems like it’s been around, well, forever. In fact, it took a surprisingly long time after all the necessary ingredients were invented for someone to put them together, and several decades more before doing this became popular. In fact, there are people alive today in America who grew up in a world where the PB&J sandwich simply wasn’t well-known at all. *gasp*
First, let’s start with the ingredients. Bread, of course, is an ancient food that has been eaten for tens of thousands of years. However, pre-sliced bread—which would make PB&J making a convenient task—didn’t come about until the early 1900s, when a man named Otto Frederick Rohwedder of Davenport, Iowa invented a device to automate this process.
He first built a prototype of his bread slicer in 1912, which didn’t interest bakers he showed it to as it was thought that no one would want their bread pre-sliced. Unfortunately, Rohwedder’s blueprints and machine were destroyed in a fire in 1917.
From there, he struggled to obtain funding to begin again on his machine owing to the lack of interest. The primary concern was the reduction in shelf life of the bread. Even if it was reasonably well packaged, it still became stale faster than well packaged whole loaves.
Finally, in 1927, Rohwedder was able to re-build the machine and produce a model ready to use in an actual bakery, soon to be advertised as “the greatest forward step in the baking industry since bread was wrapped,” which later morphed into “the greatest/best thing since sliced bread” when describing various other products.
Rohwedder got around part of the staleness problem by wrapping the thinly sliced loaves in wax paper directly after slicing was complete. Apparently it was good enough as pre-sliced bread was a hit and within a decade people who had access to pre-sliced bread were eating more bread per person than before and began experimenting with various new spreads to put on the now commonly thin bread slices.
As for jelly—which in the case of the peanut butter sandwich could mean jelly, jam, or other fruit preserves that’s been around for a long time too, going all the way back to at least the first century, mentioned in Of Culinary Matters by Marcus Gavius Apicius.
Despite this lengthy history, for the purposes of this article, one Mr. Welch is the man to pay attention to here. He developed Grapelade from Concord grapes in 1918, which proved to be extremely popular among the troops during World War I. When they got back from the war, they spread the practice of using it on bread.
Peanut butter has actually been around much longer than you probably think, and was not invented by George Washington Carver, with the first reference of it going back several hundred years before Carver, first created by the Incas and Aztecs. However, peanut butter more or less as we know it today was popularized at the 1893 World Fair. In the early 1900s, peanut butter made frequent appearances in tea rooms across the nation where it was billed as a dish for rich people. Back then, it was paired with such crowd-winning favourites as cucumbers, cheese, celery, and crackers.
With all the ingredients around so long, it might surprise you that the first known reference to a peanut butter and jelly sandwich didn’t happen until 1901, with this first mentioned in the Boston Cooking-School Magazine of Culinary Science and Domestic Economics, written by Julia Davis Chandler:
For variety, some day try making little sandwiches, or bread fingers, of three very thin layers of bread and two of filling, one of peanut paste, whatever brand you prefer, and currant or crab-apple jelly for the other.
At that point, however, peanut butter was still considered a “high end” food and peanut butter and jelly sandwiches were not a commonly eaten food item.
Peanut butter being more available to the masses occurred in the 1920s and 1930s, shortly after Grapelade had become popular and pre-sliced bread was all the rage. It was at this point that another major PB&J breakthrough happened: commercial brands of ultra-creamy peanut butter were developed such as Skippy and Peter Pan.
With the Great Depression, peanut butter on bread became a staple in many American households because it provided a hearty, filling meal with a cheaper-than-meat substitute for protein. No doubt some at this point were happily creating PB&J sandwiches, but the real surge in popularity was yet to come.
This brings us to WWII. Grapelade’s popularity with the troops paved the way for jelly to be included in the soldiers’ rations during this war as well. Along with the jelly was the trusty high-protein peanut butter that had proved so useful during the Great Depression, and, of course, pre-sliced bread. The perfect storm.
Perhaps they had heard of peanut butter and jelly sandwiches before, or perhaps it was simply a natural inclination to combine these three staple ingredients in their rations, but before long the peanut butter and jelly sandwich became a popular meal among United States soldiers.
When soldiers arrived home from the war, peanut butter and jelly sales skyrocketed. It was an instant hit with just about everyone—kids loved how good it tasted, parents loved how easy it was to make, and college students liked that it was cheap. Since then, this sandwich has become a “traditional” American favourite. (That isn’t to say that PB&Js aren’t enjoyed across the globe, but it’s certainly a bigger hit in the United States than in most other countries.)
In the end, despite all the needed ingredients having been around for millenia in some form or another, America’s favourite sandwich seems to have only been around for just over a century, and has only been popular for about 60-70 years. Who knew?
Source: www.todayifoundout.com/index.php/2014/02/surprisingly-sho...
Se acaba un año y entra otro, van sumando, y ya está, solo eso. Así lo inventaron los sacerdotes babilonios y fue adaptándose hasta que Julio Cesar creara el calendario Juliano, antecesor al gregoriano. Pero ningún año nuevo cambiara tu vida, créelo, ningún nuevo año acabara con tus desdichas ni con tu logros, el invento de Julio Cesar poco tiene que ver con que se cumplan tus propósitos e ilusiones. No obstante, porque toca, felicitare a todos el nuevo año con un deseo: que en 2012 todos los días sean fin de año, para que nunca dejéis de pensar en buenos propósitos, en ser mejores personas, siendo felices haciendo felices a los demás, aportando algo diferente que cambie el mundo.
Os dejo con una foto de 2011 que, personalmente, me gusta mucho (porque me cuenta muchas cosas). Siempre estamos cruzando un puente que nos lleva a otro lugar…
© Pedro J. Saavedra
Todas las fotos registradas. Please don't use this image on websites, blogs or other media without my explicit permission. © All rights reserved
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Built for Brickworld 2013 as part of the "Wonka" collaborative. These builds represent all the chocolaty goodness of Mr. Willy Wonka's factory, the demise of undeserving children, and the simple heroics of Charlie Bucket. Welcome to the Inventing Room!
"Charlie Bucket stared around the gigantic room in which he now found himself. The place was like a witch's kitchen! All about him black metal pots were boiling and bubbling on huge stoves, and kettles were hissing and pans were sizzling, and strange iron machines were clanking and spluttering, and there were pipes running all over the ceiling and walls, and the whole place was filled with smoke and steam and delicious rich smells."
Tour the factory and see these other amazing bignettes that were part of the collaborative:
The Chocolate Room by Max Pointner
The Nut Room by Max Pointner
The Television Room by Dave Kaleta
The Bucket's House by Ian Spacek
S for supīdo (speed/velocity)
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Invented in 1997 in Japan as the first handgun using coils to accelerate the projectile via induction to speed it up to 120%.
This effect can be turned on and of with pressing the knob on the underside.
The battery has enough power to accelerate ~15 rounds while the magazin holds 9 rounds.
paysage entièrement construit avec des brushes et ajout d'une texture avec flou gaussien de :
www.flickr.com/photos/boccacino/3359754215/in/set-7215761...
Sir Godfrey Hounsfield invented the computer tomograph (CT). He conceived the idea in 1967.
Working for EMI (yes, that's the music label), he constructed the EMI scanner Mark 1 in 1971.
Initially, the scanner was constructed to perform brain scans only. The first scan was performed on a 41 year old lady who was shown to have a cystic tumor in the frontal lobe.
40 years ago, in 1979, Godfrey Hounsfield was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine, together with Alan M. Cormack. His name is eternally preserved in the density scale for CT imaging, which is measured in Hounsfield units (HU) and scaled between air (-1000 HU) and water (0 HU)
This is a Lego rendition of the first CT scanner.
I found this Plaque outside the Coca Cola Museum in Atlanta, Georgia. It honors Pharmacist John Stith Pemberton, who invented Coca Cola in 1886. The Coca Cola Museum fronts on a small park near the Hilton Garden Inn Hotel where we stayed during our visit to Atlanta. The World of Coca Cola Museum is located at 121 Baker Street NW, Atlanta, GA 30313.
In June 2018, my wife & I attended a Family Wedding at the Hilton Garden Inn, 275 Baker Street in Atlanta, Georgia. One end the hallway on the on the 13 Floor (they call it Floor PH) gave me a Great View of the CSX Tracks, while the other end of the hallway gave me a great view of the Skyview Ferris Wheel across the street from Centennial Olympic Park.
Since we were in Atlanta for several days, I had some time to visit the Coca Cola Museum, which was a short 2 blocks away from our Hotel.
"Next the statesmen will invent cheap lies, putting the blame upon the nation that is attacked, and every man will be glad of those conscience-soothing falsities, and will diligently study them, and refuse to examine any refutations of them; and thus he will by and by convince himself that the war is just, and will thank God for the better sleep he enjoys after this process of grotesque self-deception."
— Mark Twain, The Mysterious Stranger, 1916, Ch.9
Probably every conflict is fought on at least two grounds: the battlefield and the minds of the people via propaganda. The “good guys” and the “bad guys” can often both be guilty of misleading their people with distortions, exaggerations, subjectivity, inaccuracy and even fabrications, in order to receive support and a sense of legitimacy.
"We must remember that in time of war what is said on the enemy’s side of the front is always propaganda, and what is said on our side of the front is truth and righteousness, the cause of humanity and a crusade for peace."
— Walter Lippmann
www.globalissues.org/article/157/war-propaganda-and-the-m...
FOX NEWS, Here they go again! The war-mongers speaks!
www.youtube.com/watch?v=0japj2XWNwc
Video on Canada's War Propaganda
Urban planning should be an avatar and becomes name of urbanism, a word invented by Iidefons Cerdã in Barcelona in 1880, at the same time as the criticism by Camillo Sitte against hygienic cities of Hoffmann.
The urbis is a form of satellite journey, this gives peripheral spaces hostages of the center and consecration from the perpendicular city with the horrible poem of "The right angle" and its disastrous consequences today?
Critical? Almost illegal at present of Grand Master Le Corbusier comes from raven [corbeau like corbu in French word that's joke with a play of sonority] first ranks of the Mithra sect. Le Corbusier invent new module gold --Modulor or Mystery with transhumanism- Dream of the machine to live and then failure of the conditions of displacement and their relationship with an urban form that breaks the bonds. As in a living body, it is established through a morphology of red blood cells. The body of a city is only designed for the car without interactions, between pedestrians become ants. Can not stop in a metro corridor for example.
Form of people and formatting ... village in a circle encounter / chessboard and failure of relations by the division of the soil that projects ways to move and access the properties, the culture of the vacuum of the modern street produces displacements without random encounters other than Of traffic accidents. The system of a grid city is imposed as a simple way to enlarge or create a city from a track, to the extreme certain cities exist only on a track composed of boxes with parking for Facilitate access. Thus many districts resemble chess boards with commercial zones on the former market gardens, agricultural production being managed at the regional or national level.
It will be better to study the city and the importance of its geometry, the journeys of city dwellers in a quadrangular city and the absence or failure of businesses in these neighborhoods .... The linear path and the absence of landmarks .. The weight of a past and the possibility of evolving the city with its time. The fatality of being born or living in a linear neighborhood composed of parking and housing without shops or public facilities, the porosity of public facilities ... The true meaning of the word church ... we do not live with any trade .. Towards a Citizen Church? One must understand and try to stop glorifying architecture buildings too fashionable and fragile in the interview and decided with 100% public funding ... donations are never as well received as those that are a participatory mix and Plus a systematic right that is expensive in management ... one can make schools freer for those many who are in failure in the primary and run schools like companies already do in incubators. The form of cities is the main factor in the failure of poor neighborhoods. Urban planners were born in this facility to reproduce in copy / pasted an eternal vision of car parks and blocks now well insulated facades with fragile materials. The architects follow modern fashion as a priesthood, the novelty of forms has become a dogma, the facades are like paintings with no link other than the geometry of the piece of land. Life could not have been born in these cities cloned with a grid, they have voluntarily erased all ties with history and regional anchoring, architectural globalization produces the same cities in the World. This is an observation that nobody criticizes, it's a bit like a single party? Is it rather reassuring for creative humans, artificial intelligence remains superficial? Are the fields of the intelligent possible even more extensive since artificial intelligence deals with statistics and repetitive work?
Cyrus Hall McCormick invented the first successful reaper and founded the harvesting machine industry. In July 1831, at 22 years of age, McCormick first demonstrated his invention publicly. This, the world's first successful mechanical reaper, opened a new era in agriculture, an age of mechanization that changed life on the farm, altered American advertising, and made it possible for millions of people to leave the land and enter an industrial society.
Last utilized for grinding wheat in 1931, the grist mill is believed to date prior to 1800. Its typical overshot wheel, generating about 17 horsepower, is propelled by water from the pond.
From www.vaes.vt.edu/steeles/mccormick/info.html#grist
To view large robertmillerphotography.smugmug.com/Architecture/Best-of-...
this is the sequel to this image
i am trying to invent new ways to staying awake all day so i can good nights sleep to night. later i will dropping on julia and then neil's work places hope there not to busy because they will get fuck all done once i am around!
well i did not lose my pass port as hag though i would. in fact i gained quite a lot of stuff including dog tags, a mac, time mag, mac format mag, T-shirts, vests, shorts, a holga book and a color splash
i would like to thank dlemieux & her gizza for letting me stay at there place and using it as a storage facility as i couch served around the city! + for driving to cony island 2x.
big up to sgoralnick for putting me up for the last weekend and showing me the Über cool side of brooklyn. the roof parties n shit
big up to heather and the rest of the flcikr yahoo crew who put on a wicked party and putting me a hotel that was well to posh for me, a cardboard box on the river front would of done me
big up michaelkuhle for a wicked night of karaoke and letting nose around the lomo office in brooklyn. i think you should have a little tidy up
Hillel (no flickr account! the man is still on dial up) for taking me to see bridge and tunnel people and the blue not for beat root. both wicked nights
awfulsara for pointing out that that candy that is left in the hotel room is not free but is actual quite expensive. and for letting me stay in her room one night, brave girl! also for coming the uss intrepid with me
and of course the blink of an eye winners because the hole reason why we there in the first and was the catalyst for meeting all these lovely new people.
if you want to see the madness that i got up to just do a little search for the tag lomokev
thanks hag & juey to for looking after my flat and stuff while i was away
it was also very cool bumping in to barhamand in the village wish we had spent more time with him as i think i fancy you quite a bit, its just that you are so cool
and to all the other masive i met out the big up your selfs
i actual got back a day later than i tough so if you want to enter the caption competition there is still time and there will be real prizes. the winner will receive a 18" x 12" real photographic print (urn framed) of there chose from my photo stream + 2 runners up will get 10" x 8" print
good to home the weather is really nice i have my window open and there is a nice cool braze comming though it not a hot sticky one!
P. Coupeaid invented the cyclo in Cambodia and introduced it to Vietnam in 1939. It replaced the rickshaw, which was introduced to Vietnam from China but originated from Japan.
Unlike the rickshaw, which was a human powered cart pulled by a runner from behind, the cyclo is a pedaled version with the passengers at the front. Also unlike the rickshaws, which were mainly used by the elites, the cyclos were mostly used by the lower class.
Cyclos are reliable, cheap, environmentally friendly, very aesthetically pleasing, and were the main income, though meager, for tens of thousands of unskilled Vietnamese. (source - AsiaLIFE).
Explore - Highest position: 317 on Thursday, August 13, 2009
"Wajir, 21 de enero de 2006
Querido Ernesto:
Podría contarte unas cuantas mentiras. Unas cuantas mentiras o una sola muy grande. Tan grande que no hiciese falta pulir los pequeños detalles para que resultase creíble.
Por ejemplo: soy feliz, Ernesto. Me gusta estar aquí, viendo cómo me sonríen los niños cuando me acerco hasta ellos. Sabes que el calor no es un problema para mí. Disfruto con las altas temperaturas. Mi termómetro personal considera que los cuarenta grados centígrados no dan sensación de sofoco.
¿Sirve?
Otra: me siento realizada, Ernesto. Porque sé que lo que hago es útil. Porque con mi trabajo ayudo a otros. Porque no tienen nada y yo lo tengo todo.
¿Sirve?
La última: me encanta cómo estas personas afrontan el día a día. No saben lo que es quejarse y ni tan siquiera se les escucha llorar.
¿Sirve?
Por supuesto, las tres son pequeñas mentiras.
El ejemplo de la grande sería algo parecido a esto: Ernesto, no me he equivocado. No tenías razón. Sé separar perfectamente lo que soy y de dónde vengo de lo que en estos momentos estoy viendo y el lugar en el que estoy.
¿A que suena convincente?
Soy una luchadora, ya sabes.
Te quiero,
Matilde
Posdata: tengo miedo, me duele el alma y sólo duermo a ratos por culpa del calor. Las imágenes de tanta miseria junta las llevo colgadas en la mochila y no encuentro un clavo lo suficientemente resistente como para que aguante el peso de tanta injusticia.
Beso"
________________________________
La historia es real a medias: he cambiado el lugar original por Wajir (Kenya) y los nombres. Le ocurrió a una amiga que perdió las fuerzas desbordada por la situación, por el dolor ajeno y por el abandono tan desolador que contempló. Claudicó y después de una semana, consiguió reponerse, entre otras cosas, porque entendió que sus compañeros ya tenían bastante: cuestión de supervivencia.
El texto lo escribí hace un año, más o menos, dentro del grupo "Inventa una historia" y acompañaba a una foto que no era mía. Hoy he querido rescatarlo y como no sabía qué hacer para juntar las palabras a una imagen, he acabado recreando yo misma la situación.