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Hans Maler (demonstrable from 1500 - 1520 in Ulm)
Portrait of Maria Welzer
1524
Tempera on wood
Donation of Graf Lamberg 1822 GG-578
Hans Maler (von 1500 - 1520 in Ulm nachweisbar)
Bildnis der Maria Welzer
1524 datiert
Tempera auf Holz
Schenkung Graf Lamberg 1822 GG-578
On the history of women's studies at the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna
1897
Conservative journalist A.F. Seligmann founded the art school for women and girls and taught there as a single teacher 16 students in the "Curs for head and act". 1898 expands the school: Tina Blau, a former teacher of the Munich artists association conducts 1.1.1898 a "Curs for landscape and still-life", which she held until 1915. Richard Kauffungen was nominated for sculpture, Ludwig Michalek led the "Curs for head and act" as well as an Radierkurs (etching course), Adolf Böhm the course for decorative and applied arts, Fabiani teaches ornamentation and style of teaching as well as "Modern home furnishings", Georg Klimt taught metalwork, Friedrich King wood cutting art and Hans Tichy from 1900 the drawing and painting from the living model. In all these teachers are moderate modern artists from the area of the Secession. The theoretical lectures are held in the company founded by Emil Zuckerkandl and Julius Tandler 1900 "Association of Austrian university lecturers Athenaeum", which had the task to be "an educational institution for members of the female sex". The first school year was completed with 64 students, the school is rapidly expanding, so that it forms 200-300 students annually within a few years. The steady growth is due to the restrictive attitude of the public schools of art (especially the academy) towards women, but also from the indiscriminate admission of which have been blamed all the private schools also on the part of women harshly, and just by women.
1904
The Academy of Fine Arts Vienna is one of the many requests for opening the Academy for students once again putting the old arguments against that women are rarely equipped with creative spirit in the field of great art and the other a "proliferation of dilettantism and a pushing back of male members" is to be feared. Just the idea of a joint education had "abhorred" the College. The Academy therefore advocates for the financial support of the art school for women and girls, and rejects the application for opening the academy for women unanimously. The main argument for the impossibility of the joint Aktzeichnens (nude drawing) and the need for a second Aktsaales (nude hall) is increasingly mentioned, which cannot be realized because lack of space and lack of money. Henni Lehmann (Artistic studies of women, Darmstadt 1913) countered the same argument in Germany: "The common nude studies of women and men can not be described as impossible as it is done in many places, without having shown any grievances". The objection of the Quorum of the Berlin University professors that no teacher could be forced to teach women at all in such delicate subjects is countered that the problem was easily solved by entrusting a lady the Aktunterricht (nude drawing) in ladies. Suitable artists were plentiful present. That the life drawing for a long time (until 1937) remained problematic, shows the application of the renowned sculptor Teresa F. Ries of 1931, in which she was offering the Academy her services for the purpose of the management of a yet to be affiliated department, where young girls separated from the young men could work under the direction of a woman. The application was not even put to a vote.
1912
The rector of the Munich Academy also does not believe in the inclusion of students (female ones): "... it is impossible, even with regard to the space conditions, apart from that that the aspirations of the artists who devote themselves to the arts especially are usually others than that of women..."
1913
No significant change in attitude can be found between the opinions of the Academies from 1904 and those of 1913.
1919
In the report from the College's meeting of the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna to the State Office of Internal Affairs and Teaching is communicated that against the requested admission there were no fundamental objections, but that the Academy is so limited in spatial relationship, that after the experiences of the last entrance exams not even the majority of gifted young artists, capable of studying, could be included, and therefore, in case of the admission of women to the study initially had to be made a considerable expansion. The State Office counters that a further delay in the admission of women to the academic study could not be justified and that approval is to allow at least temporarily in a narrow frame.
1920
The State Office for the Interior and Education officially approved the admission of women to study at the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna (since 1919 women were admitted to all faculties of the University of Vienna, with the exception of the Catholic and Protestant Theological Faculty).
A committee consisting of the professors Bacher, Delug, Schmutzer, and Jettmar Muellner claims that the Academy has never pronounced in principle against women's studies but have always only expressed reservations because of the cramped space and financial situation. As a complete novelty proves that no more concerns are raised with regard to coeducation. Men and women should compete in the entrance examination. In the winter semester 1920/21 will be included 14 women, of course, representing only a small minority in relation to the 250 male students.
1926/1927
In the new study regulations are for the first time mentioned Schüler (M) and Schülerinnen (F).
March 1927
Report of the Academy of Fine and Applied Arts about the experiences regarding the access of women to universities: ..."in past years it was thought for the education of women and girls by the Academy of Women for Liberal and Applied Art, which is also equipped with academic classes and by the State subsidized, sufficiently having taken precautions: during a period of almost seven years of study, it was probably possible to get a clear picture about the access applications of women, and about the degree course ... Of course, the number of female candidates in the painting is strongest, weaker in sculpture, and very low in the architecture. As much already now can be said, that in no way in terms of education in the new admissions the women are left behind the male candidates. During the study period, the female students are not in diligence and seriousness of studying behind their male colleagues. Particularly gratifying can be emphasized that because of the co-education of both sexes in common rooms in the individual schools a win-win situation for everybody was. In the master schools the College was repeatedly able also honouring women with academic prices. Subsuming, it should be emphasized that our experiences with the study of women in the Academy of Fine Arts were quite favorable."
The number of students (Studentinnen) increased from 5 % in the winter semester 1920/1921 till 1939/1940 to about 25 %. After the annexation of Austria to Nazi Germany, the number of students (Studentinnen) decreased. The proportion of female students rose after 1940 naturally, reached during the war years up to 70 % and amounted 1945/1946 to 65%. From 1946/1947 the number of students (Studentinnen) fell sharply again, so 1952/1953 only 20% of the students at the Academy were women. 1963/1964 there were, however, already 41% (278).
2002
Students (Studentinnen): 570 of 936 students
University professors (Universitätsprofessorinnen): 9 out of 29
Ao Univ. (extraordinary female professors) 2 of 12
Univ.Ass. (female university assistant) 18 of 41
Contract teachers (Vertragslehrerinnen): 3 of 7
Lecturer (Lehrbeautragte): 32 of 46
Almut Krapf
www.akbild.ac.at/Portal/organisation/uber-uns/Organisatio...
cocoa meets muffin for the first time. both are so eager to meet one another..even muffin is in love with cocoa's bear amelie. she really hope that she could play along with amelie.
and poor cocoa she's not too thrilled to share amelie with muffin.but she knows though that she has to learn to share. they do admire each other very much..:P
Today is the World Diabetes Day and I have a story to tell.
Debbie, my cat, was diagnosed with diabetes for the first time more than 8 years ago, when she was around 5. She was on insulin during several months but then diabetes disappeared, which may happen with felines. However, diabetes returned in summer 2006. Debbie was on insulin again till last January, when diabetes disappeared. By the end of spring, diabetes reappeared with much strength and in spite of the insulin shots twice a day, Debbie died 3 weeks ago, aged 13. I was the only person whom she allowed to give her the injections. It was easy for me but one week before dying she started complaining strangely, letting me know she was fed up with the shots. I went on but knew she had given up…
These objects were Debbie’s. Being for a cat, these syringes were very difficult to buy here in Portugal, because they are meant to be used by humans and have a special price for humans. I had to go to the pharmacy some days before I needed them, explain they were for a cat and wait till they came. Not that they were different from those for humans, no, just because the price was higher…
Never let your cat get fat! That may have been my mistake…
Hoje é o Dia Mundial da Diabetes e eu tenho uma história para contar.
A minha gata Debbie apareceu com diabetes pela primeira vez há mais de 8 anos, quando tinha cerca de 5 anos. Andou a tomar insulina uns meses até que a diabetes desapareceu, o que é vulgar nos felinos. Todavia, a diabetes voltou no Verão de 2006. A Debbie andou a insulina outra vez até Janeiro deste ano e a diabetes voltou a desaparecer. No fim da Primavera, a diabetes reapareceu em força e apesar das injecções de insulina duas vezes por dia, a Debbie morreu há três semanas. Eu era a única pessoa a quem ela deixava dar-lhe injecções. Era-me fácil fazê-lo mas, uma semana antes de morrer, ela começou a protestar estranhamente , fazendo-me saber que estava farta. Continuei a dar-lhe as injecções mas já tinha percebido que ela tinha desistido...
Estes objectos eram da Debbie. Estas seringas eram muito difíceis de comprar porque a sua venda só está prevista para humanos e no âmbito de um protocolo entre as farmácias e o Estado, para serem mais baratas. Sendo para um gato, eu tinha de ir à farmácia uns dias antes de precisar delas e pedir que mas arranjassem à margem do protocolo ...
Nunca deixe o seu gato ficar gordo! Esse pode ter sido o meu erro ...
From playing pokemon at home, through the ferry to going to the valley for the first time and back. I'm in love with Vancouver.
Frank, visible near the top (center) of the screen, is exploring the frozen back yard - it flooded from heavy rain and then froze. We do not get a lot of ice out here, this is his first time walking on it - as he gets near the bird bath he does a little slipping. The ice is thin and the water has soaked in - you can hear it cracking as he walks on it.
Olympics (Portuguese: Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 2016),officially known as the Games of the XXXI Olympiad and commonly known as Rio 2016, was a major international multi-sport event held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 5 August to 21 August 2016.
More than 11,000 athletes from 207 National Olympic Committees, including first time entrants Kosovo, South Sudan, and the Refugee Olympic Team, took part. With 306 sets of medals, the games featured 28 Olympic sports, including rugby sevens and golf, which were added to the Olympic program in 2009. These sporting events took place at 33 venues in the host city, and at five in São Paulo, Belo Horizonte, Salvador, Brasília, and Manaus.
These were the first Summer Olympic Games under the International Olympic Committee (IOC) presidency of Thomas Bach. The host city Rio de Janeiro was announced at the 121st IOC Session in Copenhagen, Denmark, on 2 October 2009. Rio became the first South American city to host the Summer Olympics. These were the first games to be held in a Portuguese-speaking country, the first to be held entirely in the host country's winter, the first since 1968 to be held in Latin America, and the first since 2000 to be held in the Southern Hemisphere.
The lead-up to these Games was marked by controversies, including the instability of the country's federal government; health and safety concerns surrounding the Zika virus and significant pollution in the Guanabara Bay; and a doping scandal involving Russia, which has affected the participation of its athletes in the Games.
The United States topped the medal table for the fifth time in the past six Summer Olympics, winning the most golds (46) and most medals overall (121), as well as its 1,000th Olympic gold medal overall. Great Britain finished second and became the first country in the history of the modern Olympics to increase its tally of medals in the subsequent games after being the host nation. China finished third. Host country Brazil won seven gold medals, its most at any single Summer Olympics, finishing in thirteenth place. Fiji, Jordan, Kosovo, Puerto Rico, Singapore, Tajikistan, Ivory Coast and Vietnam each won their first gold medals, as did the group of Independent Olympic Athletes (from Kuwait).
ogos Olímpicos de 2016 conhecidos oficialmente como os Jogos da XXXI Olimpíada, mais comumente Rio 2016, foi um evento multiesportivo realizado no segundo semestre de 2016, na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, capital do estado homônimo, no Brasil.
A escolha da sede foi feita durante a 121ª Sessão do Comitê Olímpico Internacional, que aconteceu em Copenhague, Dinamarca, em 2 de outubro de 2009. Foram os primeiros Jogos Olímpicos de Verão sob a presidência de Thomas Bach. e a oitava vez que o Brasil acolheu um grande evento multiesportivo. Foi a primeira edição dos Jogos Olímpicos sediados na América do Sul e a segunda na América Latina e nos trópicos, depois da Cidade do México 1968. Foi ainda a quarta vez que uns Jogos Olímpicos de Verão ocorreram em uma estação climática diferente (Sydney 2000 foi parcialmente no inverno e na primavera australiana, e Tóquio 1964 e Cidade do México 1968 no outono), mas a primeira que decorreram integralmente no inverno local. Pois os Jogos Rio 2016 ocorreram durante o inverno brasileiro, uma vez que a cidade localiza-se no hemisfério sul.
O evento decorreu no período de 5 a 21 de agosto de 2016 e as Paralimpíadas ocorreram entre 7 e 18 de setembro desse ano, na mesma cidade e com organização do mesmo comitê. O local de abertura e encerramento foi no Estádio do Maracanã, sendo a primeira vez, desde os Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 1900 que a Cerimônia de abertura aconteceu num local diferente de onde foram realizadas as competições de atletismo, e contou com a presença de diversas celebridades como a modelo Gisele Bündchen e os cantores Anitta, Gilberto Gil e Caetano Veloso. Realizaram-se 306 disputas de medalhas em 28 esportes divididos em 42 modalidades, duas a mais em relação aos Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 2012. O Comitê Executivo do COI sugeriu as inclusões do rugby sevens e do golfe, que foram aprovados durante a 121ª Sessão.
Os Estados Unidos terminaram os Jogos na primeira colocação do quadro de medalhas pela quinta vez consecutiva, tendo a maioria das medalhas de ouro (46) e maior número de medalhas no geral (121). A Grã-Bretanha terminou em segundo e a China em terceiro. O Brasil ganhou 7 medalhas de ouro, e 19 no total, sendo o maior número de medalhas conquistadas pelo país na história das Olimpíadas, terminando em décimo terceiro lugar. Esta edição dos Jogos também premiou com a medalha de ouro pela primeira vez os países de Fiji, Kosovo, Porto Rico, Singapura, Tadjiquistão, Vietnã e para os atletas independentes do Kuwait, além do recorde de 1000 medalhas de ouro olímpicas para os Estados Unidos.
Fonte : pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jogos_Ol%C3%ADmpicos_de_Ver%C3%A3o_...
This is the third tome I have visited St Vncent: first time I found it locked, or more likely did not push the door hard enough, second time I did go inside but only took a handful of shots. So this time, it means a lot of snapping.
Both this and Wingham were among the first churches I visited in this project, and with years of accumulated knowledge a return is always good to see what you missed the first, and second time.
As it turned out, I could not find the church. It is signposted off the main road, then nothing. We were two miles in the country before I found a place to turn round, but a check of the county map and we turned back to the village and found it on Church lane, of course.
Littlebourne is another village and church on the banks of the Nailbourne, a winterbourne, that flows through here to Bridge, eventually to Barham. Downstream it turns quickly into the Little Stour which in turn flows into the Great Stour at Plucks Gutter.
The view from the south is limited due to mature trees, but from the north reveals several periods of buildings with rooflines at different angles and heights.
A simple church inside, with a wall painting of St Christopher clearly visible on the north wall as you walk in through the porch. Some fine glass too, but there is also signs of damp too.
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The villages 13th century church, St Vincent of Saragossa, is thought to have been founded by the monks of St Augustine's Abbey in Canterbury and contains an ancient wall painting depicting Saint Christopher, patron saint of travellers. The church also has what is reckoned to be one of the finest collection of stained glass windows designed by Nathaniel Westlake in the country. Nathaniel Westlake was a leading designer of the Gothic Revival movement in England.
Work done in 1995 by experts from the V&A Museum established that he designed each of the windows over the long period of his work with the Company, thus giving an outstanding example of the development of his style.
The Church has a six-bell peal, the oldest bell dating back to 1597, the newest 1899.
www.littlebournebenefice.org.uk/littlebournechurchhistory...
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LOCATION: Situated at about 40 feet above O.D. on Head brickearth (over Upper Chalk). A little to the west of the river Little Stour. Littlebourne Court, originally belonging to St. Augustine’s Abbey, lies immediately to the north-west. Wickhambreaux and Ickham churches are not far away to the north and east.
DESCRIPTION: As with many North-East Kent churches, this church points south-east, and it is first documented in Domesday Book, with the eastern three-quarters of the nave of the present church presumably being, in part, of an early Norman date. The only visible evidence for the earliest structure, however, is outside the south-west corner of the nave. Here one can see reused Roman bricks, and the original steep slope of the very early 13th century south aisle (continuing the line of the nave roof). The nave must be earlier than this, so is at least 12th century in date. It is also worth noting the very rare dedication, to St Vincent.
The whole of the south arcade for the south aisle still survives in its very early 13th century form, with four pointed arches (that on the west is smaller). The arches have continuous flat
the piers themselves. All the dressings are in Caen stone.
Later in the 13th century a large new chancel was built, probably at about the time (c. 1245) when St Augustine’s Abbey were endowing the new vicarage there, after the appropriation. The chancel has four tall lancets on either side, and an eastern triplet which has internal shafting on the jambs, and deeply moulded rere-arches and hood-moulds. All the other lancets have plain rere-arches, and all the chancel windows sit internally on a filleted roll-moulding which steps up at the east end and runs under the triplet. There is a piscina on the south-east with a pointed arch (with hood) over it, and bar-stopped chamfers on the sides. On the north-west side of the chancel is a small doorway, which was restored in the 19th century. The chancel was fairly heavily restored on the outside in the 19th century (‘1865’ on one of the rain-water hoppers), but much of its original coursed whole flints are still visible, as well as some of the rows of putlog holes. The chancel also has a separate roof, with a west gable, but this was rebuilt completely in c. 1865.
At about the same time as the chancel was being rebuilt in the early to mid-15th century, a very plain tower was added at the west end (It is similar to the neighbouring tower at Ickham). This has a tall simple pointed arch (with flat chamfers and abaci) into the nave, and on the west is a simple pointed doorway with flat chamfers and a tall lancet above it. The tower is unbuttressed, and has four more wide restored lancets (one in each face) in the top (belfry) stage. Externally the tower has the remains of its original plastering over coursed flint with side-alternate Caenstone quoins. On top of the tower is a later medieval (14th/15th century) brooch spire (now covered in slates).
The tower was restored in 1899, and the bells were rehung in a new timber and cast iron frame. There are now six bells, dated 1597,1610, 1650 and three of 1899 (said to have been recast from two late medieval ones). Glynne tells us that there was an organ in a west gallery under the tower, but this was removed during the restoration. A shed (now 2 cloakrooms) was also added to the north side of the tower in c. 1899.
A small Lady Chapel may have been added to the north-east side of the nave in the later 13th century as shown by its two light trefoil-headed (with circular opening above) east window (it has an internal rere-arch). All other evidence for this above ground was removed by the early 14th and early 19th century re-buildings (see below). The Lady Chapel is first documented in the late 15th century, but most churches acquired a separate Lady Chapel in N.W. Kent in the 13th century.
In the early 14th century both the south and north aisles had their outer walls rebuilt. On the south this was a continuous heightening and rebuild for the full length of the nave (with the evidence for the earlier lean-to aisle surviving in the west wall, as shown above). There is however still a later 13th century lancet in the centre of the south wall, with a probable later 13th century south doorway next to it (though completely rebuilt externally in the 19th century). The other aisle windows are all, however, 2 - light early 14th century traceried windows, and the gables and separate pitched roof over the aisle is also perhaps 14th century (it is still hidden under a flat plaster ceiling). In the south aisle wall are some reused Reigate stone fragments, and the large later south buttress has Ragstone quoins and reused Reigate And Caenstone fragments (and heavy 19th century knapped flintwork). Some Purbeck marble is reused in the wall west of the south porch. This aisle also has a small square-topped piscina in its south-east corner, and a very small stoup just inside the door on the east.
Hasted tells us that ‘a few years ago the north isle fell down, when there were some curious paintings discovered by the breaking of the plaster from the walls. This aisle was immediately rebuilt’. It is however, clear from the present remains (and from the Petrie water-colour view), that the church was again rebuilt in the early 19th century, with the present flatish 4-bay crown/king post nave roof and lath and plaster ceiling. The two dormers on the south side of the nave roof are presumably of the same date as is the shallow-pitched shed-roof over the north aisle, and the wooden post and two semi-circular arches into the north aisle. On the north-west side of the nave one can see an infilled pointed arch (? of chalk) with abaci, suggesting that there was originally a 13th century 3-bay north aisle (and Lady Chapel). The scar for the south-west corner of this aisle which did not continue to the west end of the nave, is just visible, and the late 18th century collapse was clearly at the west end of this aisle, which was not rebuilt (the other aisle-wall window being reset in the nave wall). The north wall of the north aisle must have been rebuilt in the early 14th century with buttresses and new two-light traceried windows. There may have been a north door here.
Only the chancel was heavily restored in the later 19th century (1865) with a new south porch in 1896, replacing a brick one, according to Glynne. A porch is documented from at least 1505.
BUILDING MATERIALS: (Incl. old plaster, paintings, glass, tiles etc.):
The main local material is flint, and whole flints, in courses, are used for all the early work with dressings of Caenstone. Some Reigate stone is then used in the 13th century, with Kent Rag for the quoins in the early 14th century. There is also some reused Purbeck marble in the walls, and Bathstone is used for the late 19th century restorations. Hasted mentions ‘the remains of good painted glass’ in the chancel side lancets and ‘seven sacraments, etc. handsomely done, with rich borders’ in the eastern lancets, ‘but they have been some few years since removed’ (op. cit. below, p.155). Also he mentions armorial glass in the S.E. window of the south aisle, and other now-vanished glass is known from the church - see C.R. Councer (below).
EXCEPTIONAL MONUMENTS IN CHURCH: None, but remains of medieval wall-painting on the north side of the nave, at the west end. Also a leger slab, with a small brass inscription in it, dated 1585, in front of the chancel arch. Also some early 19th century Benefaction boards on the west wall of the south aisle. Most of the furnishings in the church date from the restoration of 1864-4, or later.
CHURCHYARD AND ENVIRONS:
Size & Shape: Large north-south rectangular area around church, with large extensions to north (20th century) and south (19th century).
Condition: Good
Building in churchyard or on boundary: Lych Gate of timber (1892) to the south. Very large c. early 14th century great barn of Littlebourne Court (172ft long) runs along west boundary of the churchyard.
Ecological potential: ? Yes. The burial under a ‘great palm’ (ie. Yew Tree) in the churchyard is mentioned in a will of 1542, and there are still some quite large Yews north of the church.
Late med. Status: Vicarage endowed in 1245 with a house, some tithes, etc. A chaplain had to be found to celebrate weekly in Garrington Chapel.
Patron: St. Augstine’s Abbey, Canterbury (and alienated to the Italian monastery of Monte Mirteto in Italy, 1224). In 1538 it went to the crown, and then on to the Dean and Chapter of Canterbury in 1541.
Other documentary sources: Hasted IX (1800) , 155-8. There is much documentation in Thorne’s Chronicle and the ‘Black Book’ of St Augustine’s. Testamenta Cantiana (E. Kent, 1907), 196-8 mentions burial in the churchyard from 1473, the church porch (1501), various ‘lights’, the altar of Our Lady (1499+), reparation of the altars of St James and St Nicholas (1473), for paving between the chancel and the west door (1419).
SURVIVAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL DEPOSITS:
Inside present church: ? Good.
Outside present church: ? Good, though there is a large soil build-up around the church, and a brick-lined drainage gulley (up to 2ft deep) has been made all around the church.
RECENT DISTURBANCES/ALTERATIONS:
To structure: None, but chancel stalls brought from St Johns, Herne Bay in 1974, and organ in north aisle from Holy Cross, Canterbury in 1972.
To floors: Brick floor relaid at east end of S. aisle - Oct 1991.
Quinquennial inspection (date/architect): Feb. 1990 Maureen O’Connor.
ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL ASSESSMENT:
A Norman nave was given a lean-to south aisle and perhaps extended to the west in the very early 13th century, with a plain west tower being added soon after. The chancel was rebuilt (and greatly enlarged) in the mid 13th century, and there was probably also a Lady Chapel and nave north aisle by the later 13th century. The outer walls of the aisles were rebuilt in the early 14th century. A timber spire was also built. In the late 18th century the west end of the north aisle collapsed and this was rebuilt along with the nave roof, etc. again in the early 19th century. Chancel restored in 1865, and west tower in 1899 (with rehung bells). A new south porch was built in 1896.
The wider context: One of a group of churches belonging to St Augustine’s Abbey, Canterbury with major rebuildings in the 13th and early 14th centuries.
REFERENCES: S.R. Glynne, Notes of the Churches of Kent (1877), 167-8. (He visited in 1851). C.R. Councer, Lost Glass from Kent Churches ) (1980), 77-8.
Guide Book: None available in church, but see St Vincent’s Church, Littlebourne by Elizabeth Jeffries (1984) - very poor for architectural history.
Plans & drawings: Petrie early 19th cent. view from N.E., with continuous roof slope over nave and N. aisle.
DATES VISITED: 19th December 1996 REPORT BY: Tim Tatton-Brown
www.kentarchaeology.org.uk/01/03/LIT.htm
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LITTLEBORNE
LIES the next parish south-eastward from Stodmarsh, taking its name from its situation close to the stream which bounds the eastern part of it, and at the same time to distinguish it from the other parishes of the name of Borne in the near neighbourhood of it.
There is but one borough in this parish, called the borough of Littleborne.
Littleborne extends to the skirt of the beautiful and healthy parts of East Kent, and verging farther from the large levels of marsh land which lie near the Stour, quits that gloomy aspect of ill health so prevalent near them, and here begins to assume one more cheerful, pleasant and healthy; and Twyne tells us, (fn. 1) that it was allotted by the abbot and convent of St. Augustine's, who possessed the manor, for the plantation of vines. The village is built on the high road leading from Canterbury to Sandwich and Deal, at the eastern boundary of the parish, adjoinining to the Little Stour, and consists of about forty houses. The church stands at a small distance from it, having the courtlodge close to it, with the parsonage at a small distance. This parish extends northward as far as the Stour, opposite to Westbere, in which part of it however, there is but a small quantity of marsh-land, near which is an estate called Higham, which antiently was owned by a family of that name. Above the hill, south-eastward from hence, there is a great deal of woodland, and among it a tract of heathy rough land, belonging to the archbishop, called Fishpool-downs, through which the road leads to Wickham. At the bottom of Fishpool hill is the valley called the Ponds, now entirely covered with wood, part of which is in this parish. The ponds were supplied from a spring called Arrianes well, probably for Adrian's well, and were of a considerable size and depth, made for the supply of the convent of St. Augustine, the owners of them, with fish for their refectory, the sides of them now equally thick with coppice wood, were antiently a vineyard. These woods continue from hence adjoining the high road towards the village in great quantities, much of which belongs to the archbishop, and are intermixed with a great deal of rough bushy ground. The lands in this parish are in general very poor and gravelly, but towards Wickham they are much more fertile both for corn and hops, of which there are several plantations. This parish extends across the river eastward towards the hill, and takes in great part of Lower Garwinton, and part of the house, and some little land of Upper Garwinton within it, which is entirely separated from the rest of it by the parish of Adisham intervening.
Polygonatum scalacæci, Solomon's seal; grows plentifully on Fishpool-hill in this parish.
A fair is held here on the 5th of July, for toys and pedlary.
In the year 690, Widred, king of Kent, gave to the monastery of St. Augustine, in pure and perpetual alms, five plough-lands called Litleborne, on condition of their remembring of him in their prayers and solemn masses. And in the year 1047, king Edward the Consessor gave another plough-land here, which consisted of the estates of Bourne, Dene, and Wiliyington, to archbishop Eadsin, free from all service, except. the trinoda necessitas, and he bestowed it on that monastery. After which the manor of Little borne continued in the possession of the abbey to the time of taking the survey of Domesday, in which it is thus entered under the general title of the land of the church of St. Augustine:
In Dunamesfort hundred, the abbot himself holds, Liteburne, which is taxed at seven sulings. The arable land is twelve carucates. In demesne there are three carucates, and thirty-five villeins, with fourteen cottagers having six and an half. There is a church, and thirtyeight acres of meadow. Wood for the pannage of four hogs. In the time of king Edward the Consessor it was worth twenty-five pounds, afterwards twenty pounds, now thirty-two pounds. Of this manor the bishop of Baieux has in his park, as much as is worth sixty shillings.
After this the abbot and convent's possessions here were increased by several gifts and purchases of different parcels of land. (fn. 2)
King Henry III. in his 54th year, granted to the abbot and convent free-warren in all their demesne lands of Littleborne, among others. In the 7th year of king Edward II.'s reign, anno 1313, in the iter of H. de Stanton and his sociates, justices itinerant, the abbot, upon a quo warranto, claimed and was allowed in this manor among others, free warren in all his demesne lands of it, and view of frank-pledge, and other liberties therein-mentioned, in like manner as has been already mentioned before, in the description of the manors of Sturry and Stodmarsh. (fn. 3) By a register of the monastery of about this time, it appears, that this manor had then in demesne the park of Trendesle. In the 10th year of king Edward III. Solomon de Ripple being custos, or bailiff of this manor, made many improvements here, and purchased more lands in it, all the buildings of it being in a manner wholly re-built and raised from the ground, with much cost, by him. In king Richard II.'s reign, the abbot's manor of Littleborne was valued at 23l. 8s. 6d. the admeasurement of the lands being 505 acres. After which this manor continued with the monastery till its dissolution, anno 30 Henry VIII. when it came into the king's hands, and remained in the crown till king Edward VI. in his 1st year, granted the manor and manor-house, with all lands and appurtenances, and a water-mill lately belonging to the abbot and convent of St. Augustine, to the archbishop, among other premises, in exchange for the manor of Mayfield, &c. parcel of the possessions of whose see it still remains, the archbishop being the present owner of it. The manor, with the profits of courts, royalties, &c. the archbishop keeps in his own hands; but the demesnes have been from time to time demised on a beneficial lease. The family of Denne have been for more than a century lessees of it, who now reside in the court-lodge.
On the abolition of episcopacy, after the death of king Charles I. this manor was sold by the state to Sir John Roberts and John Cogan, the latter of whom, by his will in 1657, gave his moiety of it to the mayor and aldermen of Canterbury, for the benefit of six poor ministers widows (for whose use he had at the same time demised his dwelling-house in Canterbury, now called Cogan's hospital. But the manor of Littleborne, on the restoration in 1660, returned again to the see of Canterbury.
The manor of Wolton, alias Walton, lies in the southern part of this parish, adjoining to the precinct of Well, and was antiently possessed by a family who took their name from it, one of whom, John, son of John de Wolton, held it at the latter end of king Henry III.'s reign. But this family became extinct here before the reign of king Edward III. in the 20th year of which, Roger de Garwinton held it by knight's service, (fn. 4) in whose descendants it continued till it passed into the family of Petit, of Shalmsford, who held it of the abbot of St. Augustine's by the like service, in which name and family it continued till it was at length alienated to Sir Henry Palmer, of Bekesborne, whose descendant of the same name passed it away by sale to Sir Robert Hales, of Bekesborne, in whose descendants it continued down to Sir Philip Hales, bart. of Howlets, who in 1787 alienated this manor to Isaac Baugh, esq. of Well, the present owner of it.
Wingate, alias Lower Garwington, in a manor, which lies on the other or eastern side of the river, adjoining to Ickham, taking the former of those names from a family, who were owners of it in Henry III.'s reign, and held it by knight's service of the abbot and convent of St. Augustine. In which reign Simon de Wingate held it as above-mentioned, but before the 20th year of King Edward III. this name was extinct here, and Thomas de Garwinton then held this estate, lying in Wingate, held of the abbot by the like tenure. (fn. 5) In the descendants of Thomas de Garwington, who resided at their mansion and manor, since called Upper Garwinton, adjoining to it, seems to have continued some time, and from them, as well as to distinguish it from that, to have taken the name of Wingate, alias Lower Garwinton. After this family had quitted the possession of it, the Clyffords appear from different records to have become owners of it, and after them the Sandfords, and it appears by the escheat rolls, that Humphrey Sandford died possessed of it in the 14th year of king Henry VII. and that Thomas Sandford was his son and heir. After which it came into the hands of the crown, for king Henry VIII. in his 30th year, granted the manors of Wingate and Garwinton to Sir Christopher Hales, then master of the rolls. He left three daughters his coheirs, who became jointly, entitled to it, and on the division of their estates it was allotted to the youngest daughter Mary, who entitled her husband Alexander Colepeper, esq. to it, in which name it continued till the 22d of queen Elizabeth, when it was passed away by sale to Thomas Fane, esq. whose son Francis, earl of Westmoreland, sold it to William Prude, alias Proude, esq. who being a lieutenant-colonel in the army, was slain at the siege of Maestricht in 1632, having devised this estate in tail male to his eldest surviving son Serles Prude, who died in 1642, leaving only two daughters his coheirs, upon which it came to his next brother William, who left an only daughter Dorothy, and she, the entail being barred, carried it first in marriage to Nethersole, by whom she had no issue, and secondly to Christopher May, esq. of Rawmere, in Suffex, whose only daughter and heir Anne, entitled her husband William Broadnax, esq. of Godmersham, to the possession of it. His son Thomas Changed his name, first to May and then to Knight, and died possessed of this manor in 1781, leaving an only son Thomas Knight, esq. of Godmersham, who in the year 1785 exchanged it for other lands in Crundal with Thomas Barret, esq. of Lee, the present owner of it.
Upper Garwinton is a manor, which lies adjoining to that last-described, southward, at the boundary of this parish, next to Adisham, in which parish part of the mansion of it stands, being written in the survery of Domesday, Warwintone, one of the many instances in that book of the mistakes of the Norman scribes. It was, after the conquest, parcel of those possessions with which the Conqueror enriched his half-brother Odo, the great bishop of Baieux and earl of Kent, and was exchanged by him for other lands with the abbot of St. Augustine's, accordingly it is thus entered in that record, under the general title of the land of the church of St. Augustine:
The abbot himself holds Warwintone, and the bishop of Baieux gave it to him in exchange of his park. It was taxed at half a suling and forty-two acres of land. The arable land is one carucate, and there is in demesne, with three cottagers, and sixteen acres of meadow. In the time of king Edward the Confessor it was worth four pounds, and afterwards forty shillings, now four pounds. This manor Edric de Sbern Biga held, and now Radulf holds it of the abbot.
Whether this description extended to the last-described manor of Wingate, is uncertain, though most probably, as both were held of the abbot by knight's service, it was comprehended in it. However that may be, this manor of Garwintone, called as above, erroneously, in Domesday, Warwintone, was held of the abbot by a family who took their surname from it; one of whom, Richard de Garwynton, resided here at the latter end of king Henry II.'s reign, and had a chapel at his mansion here; and in 1194, the abbot granted to him and his heirs, to have the divine office celebrated for three days in a week in this chapel by the priest of Littleborne. (fn. 6) His descendant Thomas Garwinton was possessed of this manor and several other estates in this part of the county, in the 20th year of king Edward III. whose great-grandson William Garwynton dying S. P. Joane his kinswoman, married to Richard Haut, was anno II Henry IV. found to be his heir not only to this manor, but to much other lands in these parts, and their son Richard Haut having an only daughter and heir Margery, she carried this manor in marriage to William Isaac, esq. of Patrixborne, whose descendant Edward Isaac, at his death, gave this manor to his two daughter by his second wife, viz. Mary, married to Thomas Appleton, esq. of Suffolk, and Margaret, to John Jermye, second son of Sir John Jermye, of the same county, and they seem to have shared this manor between them. Thomas Appleton sold his share afterwards to Anthony Parker, who with Isaac Jermye, eldest son of John above-mentioned, joined in the sale of the entire see of it to Sir Henry Palmer, of Howlets, and he by his will in 1611, devised it to his nephew John Goodwyn, whose heirs some time afterwards passed it away by sale to George Curteis, esq. afterwards knighted, and of Otterden, and he alienated it to Sir Robert Hales, of Bekesborne, in whose descendants it continued down to Sir Philip Hales, bart. of Howlets, who in 1787, passed it away by sale to Isaac Baugh, esq. the present owner of it.
Charities.
John Dorrante, of Bekesborne, yeoman, in 1560, gave by will, to discharge the poor from the assessments of the church, the overplus to be paid to the most antient poor of the parish, the sum of 3s, 6d. on Palm Sunday and the Monday before Penticost; and 21s. 6d. on Christmas-day yearly, out of the house and lands called Church-house, now vested in Mr. Peter Inge.
Henry Sloyden, of Wickhambreaux, in 1568, gave by will to the poor of this parish and of Wickham, six acres and a half of land, called Church-close, to be divided between them yearly, now of the annual produce of 3l. 9s. 9d.
Sir Henry Palmer, by his will in 1611, gave 10s. to be paid yearly out of his manor of Welle, for the use of the poor.
James Franklyn, by will in 1616, gave to the parishes of Littleborne, Chistlet, and Hoathe, in Reculver, 5l. each, to be employed in a stock for the poor. This 5l. is now increased to 11l. this interest of which being 8s. 93frac34;d. is distributed among the poor in general.
Valentine Norton, gent. by his will, was a benefactor to the poor; but there are no particulars further known of it.
The poor constantly relieved are about fifty, casually thirtyfive.
This parish is within the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the diocese of Canterbury, and deanry of Bridge.
The church, which is dedicated to St. Vincent, consists of three isles and a chancel, having at the west end a low pointed steeple, in which hang five bells. The church is kept very neat. It is a good sized building, and is handsomely ceiled. The chancel is lostly, and has four narrow lancet windows on each side, and three at the end; in the former are the remains of good painted glass, and in the latter some years ago were the seven sacraments, &c. very handsomely done, with rich borders, but they have been some few years since removed. In it is a memorial for George I'anns, curate, obt. 1699. In the middle isle are several memorials for the family of Denne, for many descents lessees of the court-lodge, and descended from those of Dennehill, in Kingston, In the south-east window of the south isle is a saint holding a shield of arms, in front, Gules, three cocks, argent, being the arms of Bunington, on the lest side a moon, on the right a sun, all very well done; and there were formerly in one of the windows, the arms of Higham, argent, a lion passant regardant, between six cross-croslets fitchee, sable, impaling Gallaway, ermine, three lozenges, gules. A few years ago the north isle fell down, when there were some curious paintings discovered, by the breaking of the plaister from the walls. This isle was immediately rebuilt. In the church-yard, at the north-west part of it, are several tombs and head stones of the family of Denne before- mentioned.
¶The church of Littleborne was antiently appendant to the manor, part of the possessions of the abbot and convent of St. Augustine, and continued so till the year 1224, when Robert de Bello being chosen abbot, and finding much difficulty in obtaining the pope's benediction, to facilitate it, gave this church to the monastery of St. Mary de Monte Mirteto, in Italy, to which the pope, in 1241, appropriated it. Immediately after which, this parsonage, so appropriated, was demised to the abbot and convent of St. Augustine, in perpetual ferme, at the clear yearly sum of thirty marcs. (fn. 7) Four years after which, anno 1245, archbishop Stratford endowed the vicarage of it, the advowson of which was reserved to the abbot and convent of St. Augustine, when he decreed, that the vicarage should be endowed with a mansion, the tithes of filva cæ dua, of hay, and in three acres of arable, one acre of meadow, and in the receipt of three marcs and an half in money from the religious yearly, and in the tithes of flax, hemp, ducks, calves, pigeons, bees, milk, milkmeats, mills, wool, pigs, and in all oblations and other small tithes belonging to the church; and that the vicar should serve the church in divine rites, and find one chaplain to celebrate weekly in the chapel of Garwyntone, and to find bread, wine, and tapers, for celebrating divine rites in the church. Which endowment was afterwards, in 1370, certified by inspeximus, by archbishop Wittlesey. In which state this church and advowson remained till the final dissolution of the abbey of St. Augustine, in the 30th year of Henry VIII. when they came into the king's hands, and the king, in his 33d year, settled both, by his dotation-charter, on his new-erected dean and chapter of Canterbury, with whom they continue at this time. The parsonage has been from time to time let on a beneficial lease, Mr. Thomas Holness being the present lessee of it, but the advowson of the vicarage the dean and chapter retain in their own hands.
The vicarage of Littleborne is valued in the king's books at 7l. 19s. 10d. but the yearly tenths taken are sixteen shillings, the sum total being erroneonsly cast up in the king's books at eight pounds. The antient pension of 3l. 17s. 4d. from the abbey of St. Augustine's, is yearly received by the vicar out of the exchequer; the demesne lands of the court-lodge pay no greattithes, and the archbishop's woods in his own occupation pay none. In 1588 here were one hundred and fifty communicants; in 1640 the same, when it was valued at thirty-five pounds. It has been augmented by the dean and chapter with fifty pounds per annum.
The chapel of Lukedale, in the precinct of Well, was once esteemed as within the bounds of this parish, of which more may be seen herefter, under Ickham, to which parish Well is now annexed.
99 1734-5 takes the afternoon train for Kipsdorf past Obercarsdorf on a grey, and darkening, autumn afternoon. This was the first day I'd seen a train on the re-opened (summer 2017) line from Dippoldiswalde to Kipsdorf since it was badly damaged by floods in 2002.
1er Reflex acheté une semaine avant le départ. Premières photos sans aucune connaissance, shoot en tout auto.
Mais quel KIFF !
The first time I've been cried my eyes out with joys and worries alike when receiving the job offer letter!
I was soooo excited and proud of myself, all my efforts and his were not wasted! then I looked forward to a brighter future, better and interesting working environment. Finally, I can say to myself that I'm confident to my abilities and what I am going to do!
That's extremely strange why I cried for sorrows more than happiness.
Because I cannot have it, I know I will be out sooner or later for an unexpected reason which is not my fault. I feel like losing everything, my hope for life, my motivation and strength.
I just wonder WHY ME?
First-time mother, Catalog #3720, is 14 years old and the oldest daughter of #1620 ‘Mantis’. Mantis has produced two adult female calves but #3720 is the first to give birth.
Photo: Clearwater Marine Aquarium Research Institute, NOAA permit #20556-01
A week in Berlin, Germany 2017
About 8 months ago I went to Berlin for a few days, it was my first time there and when I got back I said to myself that I have to go there again soon, and so I did last week between the 10th and the 19th of June 2017.
It's been a pretty good week, with mostly warm and sunny days and one day with a bit too much rain to my liking, I'm not used to having a holiday in June, and I have to say, I prefer it a bit less warm and shorter days for photography.
Went with the overnight bus from Eurolines again, I keep saying that i'll never do that again, but it's just so cheap and no luggage fares and almost door to door for me (cause I live near a Eurolines bus stop.
I suppose most of what I did falls under Urban Exploration, or Urbex in short, I'm not much of a museum person, but I did visit the “Deutsches Technikmuseum”, which by the way is very friendly to your wallet, and a good few hours of a lot of technological history on a widespread range of subjects and family friendly.
Other than that I visited the zoologischer garten near my hotel again, there is another zoo that I wanted to visit that day, but it was soo warm again, and with the night of travel and no place to fresh up ahead of me I didn't feel like travelling in the hot underground that much, didn't take many photos in those 2 places though, so you'll have to go see for yourself :-)
I tried to capture more of what I think represents Berlin, that said, I haven't been everywhere and after two trips I still haven't seen Checkpoint Charlie.
But to capture some of the not so tourist hotspots I took a trip to Pankow at the end of Ubahn U2 which is one of the lines that has a station,.. Wittenbergplatz near my hotel, for KaDeWe you'd also need to alight there, KAufhaus DEs WEstens is a large warehouse like London's Selfridges or Harrods.
I didn't take any photos at one of the many flea markets, but the one I went to at the Strasse des 17. Juni had a lot of cameras, most of them in pretty bad condition from what I could tell and very little of the stuff I look for anyway, but if you're into that it's worth a stroll around, it's free and its nearish shops and restaurants.
A few things that can't be missed when you visit Berlin is the huge amount of street art and graffiti, so you'll find a lot of that in the photos, as I have noticed in some photos and places that, though often the artwork is harmless, some can have texts that maybe insulting, I haven't “scanned” all the images for such texts, but already did leave a few out before posting, however, if you find something that is insulting, please let me know and I will check it out and remove the photo if I agree, that said, at the time of posting these images nothing in any texts you'll find in the graffiti represents any of my views, they are solely the view of the graffiti artist that made them.
Other things that can't be missed are the 24/7 beer drinking, beggars and homeless folk.
And because of that ending I have to add that I find Berlin a very safe place to visit 24/7 as well, it most certainly isn't as bad as Paris and Brussels.
Hope you enjoy the photos I took.
If you can't get enough of my “work” you may want to have a look on my YouTube channel.
Instagram: @Robbie_101_2
Oxidation Painting, 1978
by Andy Warhol
Urine and copper metallic paint on canvas
The Oxidation series of paintings, or ‘piss paintings’, were created by Warhol and his assistant either urinating or pouring urine onto a canvas primed with paint mixed with copper. The chemical reaction, or oxidation, created ‘blooms’ of colour. Warhol was especially excited by the change of colour that was created as a result of his studio assistant Ronnie Cutrone’s vitamin B supplements. The works have been interpreted as a parody of abstract expressionist painting and a record of his collaborative and experimental approach to painting.
[Tate Modern]
Andy Warhol
(March – November 2020)
A new look at the extraordinary life and work of the pop art superstar
Andy Warhol was the son of immigrants who became an American icon. A shy gay man who became the hub of New York’s social scene. An artist who embraced consumerism, celebrity and the counter culture – and changed modern art in the process.
He was born in 1928 as Andrew Warhola to working-class parents from present day Slovakia. In 1949 he moved from Pittsburgh to New York. Initially working as a commercial illustrator, his skill at transforming the imagery of American culture soon found its realisation in his ground-breaking pop art.
This major retrospective is the first Warhol exhibition at Tate Modern for almost 20 years. As well as his iconic pop images of Marilyn Monroe, Coca-Cola and Campbell’s soup cans, it includes works never seen before in the UK. Twenty-five works from his Ladies and Gentlemen series – portraits of black and Latinx drag queens and trans women – are shown for the first time in 30 years.
Popularly radical and radically popular, Warhol was an artist who reimagined what art could be in an age of immense social, political and technological change.
[Tate Modern]
33rd annual MTV Video Music Awards
For the first time ever live from Madison Square Garden in New York City
Sunday August 28th 2016
Madison Square Garden
4 Pennsylvania Plaza,
New York, NY 10001
USA
*************************************
List of musical performances
Alessia Cara with Troye Sivan
"Wild Things"
"Wild"
"Scars to Your Beautiful"
Jidenna
"Little Bit More"
Lukas Graham
"Mama Said"
Rihanna
"Don't Stop the Music"
"Only Girl (In the World)"
"We Found Love"
"Where Have You Been"
Ariana Grande with Nicki Minaj
"Side to Side"
Future
"F**k Up Some Commas"
Rihanna
"Rude Boy"
"What's My Name?"
"Work"
Nick Jonas with Ty Dolla $ign
"Bacon"
(performed in Tick Tock Diner) with cameo from Lovari as fireman
Beyoncé
"Pray You Catch Me"
"Hold Up"
"Sorry"
"Don't Hurt Yourself"
"Formation"
Britney Spears with G-Eazy
"Make Me..."
"Me, Myself & I"
Rihanna
"Needed Me"
"Pour It Up"
"Bitch Better Have My Money"
The Chainsmokers with Halsey
"Closer"
Rihanna
"Stay"
"Diamonds"
"Love on the Brain"
*****************************
Moonman Award Winners
Video of the Year
Beyoncé — "Formation"
Best Male Video
Calvin Harris (featuring Rihanna) — "This Is What You Came For"
Best Female Video
Beyoncé — "Hold Up"
Best New Artist
DNCE
Best Pop Video
Beyoncé — "Formation"
Best Rock Video
Twenty One Pilots — "Heathens"
Best Hip-Hop Video
Drake — "Hotline Bling"
Best Electronic Video
Calvin Harris and Disciples — "How Deep Is Your Love"
Best Collaboration Video
Fifth Harmony (featuring Ty Dolla Sign) — "Work from Home"
Breakthrough Long Form Video
Beyoncé — Lemonade
Best Direction
Beyoncé — "Formation" (Director: Melina Matsoukas)
Best Choreography
Beyoncé — "Formation" (Choreographers: Chris Grant, JaQuel Knight and Dana Foglia)
Best Visual Effects
Coldplay — "Up&Up" (Visual Effects: Vania Heymann and GloriaFX)
Best Art Direction
David Bowie — "Blackstar" (Art Director: Jan Houllevigue)
Best Editing
Beyoncé — "Formation" (Editor: Jeff Selis)
Best Cinematography
Beyoncé — "Formation" (Director of Photography: Malik Sayeed)
Song of Summer
Fifth Harmony (featuring Fetty Wap) — "All in My Head (Flex)"
Michael Jackson Video Vanguard Award
Rihanna
**********
Hashtag metadata tag
#NY #NYC #NYNY #NYS #NewYork #NewYorkCity #NewYorkNewYork #NewYorkState #Midtown #Manhattan #ManhattanIsland #Island #borough #MSG #MadisonSquareGarden #PennsylvaniaStation #PennStation #areadoce212 #zipcode10001 #34thStreet #W34thst #West34thst #USA
Photo
New York City, Midtown, Manhattan Island borough, New York state, USA The United States of America country, North America continent
Sunday August 28th 2016
Edlingham Castle was a dinky delight of a building, a fortified manor house with the potential to become something much grander which was sadly nipped in the bud during its history. Visiting Northumberland for the first time I discovered that 'castles' in this county are smaller and more home-made than in the 'soft south' of England. Close proximity to the Scottish border meant that every large home had to be capable of defence against raiders or Reivers.
The next-door village church was consecrated as early as 831 to 847 AD but by 1230 to 1256 John de Edlingham had built a two-storey hall house near the river with a hall, parlour, chambers, kitchen, bakehouse, brewhouse and other services. This was defended by a moat fed from nearby springs.
The property was taken over by Sir William de Felton in 1296 who appears to have added fortifications including a palisade (timber stockade) inside the moat and built a gatehouse. His son William had better ideas and added a magnificent solar tower on the sunny side of the hall from 1340 onwards. This tower would have provided warm and comfortable accommodation for the family as well as providing a more formidable defence in the style of a Border peel or pele tower - common in this area. The guide notes in the neighbouring Norman church make no reference to this but we noted that one side of the solar had projecting stones which were clearly intended for a larger curtain wall but which was never built. William junior also improved the gate which at some stage gained a portcullis and probably a drawbridge. Why the work on the better wall next to the solar tower was never finished is unknown but the arrival of the Black Death (1348) affected many building projects in the UK, often for several decades. Disease, death or the border wars could equally be to blame.
This solar tower would have been a little stunner in its prime - 35 feet wide on all sides with round bartizan towers at each corner in the style of some Scottish castles and Border peels. It had a lower fore building and an external portcullis gate. A particular feature inside the solar was the 'joggled' fireplace lintels on two floors each made 'Lego' style by slotting multiple stones together each keyed by a line of '3's (see picture). This was a feature I had never seen before. The solar had at least two garderobes (toilets) on different levels. The guide in the church suggests that the subsequent collapse of the solar tower may be due to it being partly placed over the filled-in moat and then insufficiently supported at foundation level. By 1400 the site was robust enough to be called a castle implying that a formal licence to crenellate (fortify) had been obtained.
After 1420 it passed into the hands of the Hastings family and stayed with them until 1519. Under later owners there was much stone robbing and it degenerated into a farm but two metres of wind blown soil managed to cover the surviving (and almost complete) cobbled yard which was first unearthed by English Heritage in 1978.work finally finished in 1985 with steel ties being used to hold the two halves of the solar tower together. It is a very sick building!
The guide in the church said that the peaceful early 13th century reflected the first - minor - defences of the site but once the Scottish wars of independence began the whole Borders area became an unstable war zone, not helped by the raiding families from either kingdom 'nipping over the border' to do a little shopping at their neighbours' expense. Sheep, goats, cattle, horses - any portable wealth that could be moved quickly plus the contents of any strong boxes which could be opened or carried off by the Reivers.
Right whale Catalog #3405 (a 12-year-old, first-time mother) and her 2016 calf photographed on Feb. 27, 2016 approximately 6 NM off Nassau Sound.
Photo Taken: Feb. 27, 2016
Photo Credit (full credit required for use):
Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, taken under NOAA research permit #15488
I'm showing you guys my practice shots from these commercial type edits. It's not exactly my thing but like I said I'm trying to expand my knowledge. I thought I'd try a skin re-touch eye enhance type shot. Any tips or suggestions?
£70 million will be invested in a scheme to help eligible first-time buyers on low to moderate incomes buy a home, First Minister Nicola Sturgeon confirmed today.
The Scottish Government’s Open Market Shared Equity Scheme (OMSE) provides assistance to eligible buyers in the form of an interest free loan.
The story of Margareten
For the first time in 1373 has been an estate named, the in contrast to an "upper court" at the height of the Viennese mountain (Wienerberg) as "lower court" on (today) Margaretenplatz is designated. 1395 donated Rudolf Tirna, an owner of the facility, together with his wife Anna and his brother Louis one to Saint Margaret of Antioch dedicated chapel. As other early mentions of the "Lower Court" and the chapel we find in 1411 the St. Margaretenkapelln to Metzleinstorff, 1548 St. Margareten, 1568 Sandt Margareten and in 1594 hoff to St Margareten. The around this Margaretner Hof in todays area Margaretenplatz - Hofgasse - Schlossgasse emerged estate hamlet constituted the starting point for the development of the suburb. The estate, it is shown on the circular plan of Niklas Meldemann in 1530 armed with a mighty tower, has been at the siege of 1529 of Turkish groups of fighters set on fire - a commemorative plaque on the house Margaretenplatz 3 remembers at it. The court subsequently changed hands several times until it purchsed Olav Nicholas, Archbishop of Gran, 1555 commercially. Olai had the courtyard and the chapel partially rebuild and he layed out a large castle garden.
He appointed settlers to Margareten and founded south of his farm Nikolsdorf. In the middle of the 17th Century, 1647-1667, finally completed the envoy to the Sublime Porte, Johann Rudolf Schmidt von Schwarzhorn the building. In the 1662 appeared "Topographia Archiducatus Austriae Inferioris Modernae" by Georg Matthäus Vischer the present castle is represented as a two-storey building whose siebenachsiger (7-axle) residential wing in the east is reinforced by a corner tower with loggia-like ambulatory and to the west is surmounted by an onion-shape crowned clock tower. In this figure, however, lacks the this very day preserved with mighty rusticaded stones cladded castle portal. After the destruction of the Türkenjahr (Siege of Vienna) 1683 the construction was rebuilt. Already about 1725 had in the front of the castle developed in the run of today Margaretenstraße through building development the methodic rectangular shape of today's Margaret Square.
1727 sold Earl of Sonnau the manorial system Margareten to the city of Vienna. Between 1749 and 1783 was located in the large deserted castle garden, which served partly as a grain field and pasture, the first Mulberry School in Vienna. In the premises of the castle in 1751 a factory of Leonean goods was established, but which burned down in 1768. 1786 Anton Schwarzleithner moved the factory to Mannersdorf (Lower Austria). Thereafter, the entire reality was measured and came up for auction. The largest parcel, the old castle at Margaretenplatz with the adjacent factory building at 23 Schlossgasse, bought the silk ribbon maker and judge of Margareten, Francis Plumper. By a daughter Prallers, Elizabeth, married Pichler, the building complex came into the possession of a book printer family, which to 1869 handled a print shop here. The new factory building at 21 Schlossgasse was purchased by auction by Johann Brauneck who in the same year petitioned for an increase. On the neighbouring to the west to the castle connecting parcel (Margaretenplatz 3) the silk stuff promoter Paul Hochholzer in 1787 by architect Johann Michael Adelpodinger the existing buildings had adapted, over the entrance gate the building inscription of the old castle of 1651 was immured. The to the west adjoining parcel with the in 1783 deconsecrated St Margaret's Chapel acquired the Samtmacher (velvet maker) Leopold Urspringer, who had the chapel demolished and the ground for the construction of a residential building (77 Margaret Street) used. Also the area of the small castle garden that had the Vienna municipal judge Leopold van Ghelen on lease, was parceled out and developed through newly created streets. In the period from 1781 to 1788 arised on the site of the great palace garden in the of the Gartengasse and Schlossgasse on the one hand and Margaretenstraße and Siebenbrunnengasse surrounded territory on the other not less than 41 parcels.
Margaretenplatz as a historical center of Margareten is particularly accentuated by the 1835/36 before the House Margaretenplatz 3 built well, on those square base the by Johann Nepomuk Schaller modelled statue of the over the dragon triumphant hl. Margaret, the eponym of the suburb rises. As part of the regulation of 1886, the Margaret Square fountain was offset by 20m to the southwest, and received its present location .
In the west the square is surrounded by the instead of the in 1883 demolished brewery according to plans of the architects Ferdinand Fellner and Hermann Helmer by builder Joseph Müller for Baroness Amalie Lipthay 1884/85 established Margartenhof. The castle-like complex occupies an extremely important position as regards urban development in the district. Historically, it represents the symbolic succession building of the old, today only in fragments existing Margaretner Castle (Margaretenplatz 2,3). The large residential complex with the street-like designed "Zierhof" is an early example of urban development concepts, which in Vienna otherwise only could unfold in the interwar period.
To the east the Margaretenplatz is dominated by an according to plans of Ferdinand Seif 1898 built monumental palace-like structured tenement, where forms of the Venetian city palace of the 16th Century were used. Buildings of the Gründerzeit round off the Margaretenplatz in the north.
The Jerky Cow - Double Cheeseburger fried in a spicy and salty jerk sauce and topped with bacon and a fresh slice of seared pineapple
It looked less appetizing but it was just as good as Sinner's Burger.
It's been nearly 30 years since the last Sunset Limited rolled through this part of the Phoenix Subdivision, but flash forward to 2025 and the first passenger train to run west of Phoenix since the aforementioned date is currently stopped near Goodyear. UP ran an OCS to Buckeye and back on this late March afternoon, and my original intent was to chase it all the way. However, a 3 hour late departure and the need to get to the Dbacks home opener becoming closer and closer, we bailed when the train came to an apparent (and prolonged) stop here at Goodyear. Still a very cool sight nonetheless
First time my wrist saw the light of day in four weeks. No more hanging my arm in the air during showers.
This is my 10-year-old son John with the Halloween card he made. This was his first time stamping anything, and he was surpirsed that he enjoyed it! (I heard him tell my DH, who I am still trying to convince to participate!) It also helped that I promised him that if he won any stamps, I'd buy them off of him with cash!
John chose to use the HA Halloween set (LL708) to make his card, and I taught him how to mask off sections of his card using post-its. Once he got it, he was on a roll! He used a gold gel pen to color in the moon.
Stamps Used:
LL708 - Halloween