View allAll Photos Tagged Defensive
I was not expecting to pull a bat out of the water today. This little bat was attacked by seagulls then dropped into the river. While I was looking for something to reach it the bat flipped over and started swimming for the dock. I picked it up, it was pissed, and put in in a bucket until after work. I took it to an abandoned building, in safe spot. It was still pissed when i took it out of the bucket. Seemed to be fine, other than bothered.
301/365
Sukhothai, Thailand
CROSSVIEW
Per vedere le foto in 3D incrociare (strabuzzare) gli occhi fino a che le due immagini si sovrappongono formandone una sola centrale.
To view 3D pics cross your eyes focusing between at the pictures until both images overlap one another in the middle.
Not a striking photo... in fact, three photo's stitched together. It was the only way I could show that there was some kind of remains from the fort. This was probably a defensive ditch going round the crag where the fort once stood. Side of the crag to the right :-)
While out for a walk yesterday I came across two male Anna's Hummingbirds having a territorial disagreement. This one landed on a branch not far from me, and then the other dive bombed it a couple of times. When the bomber got close this guy would flare his tail and wings at him.
I was shooting upwards against a lightly clouded white sky that acted like a giant diffuser, and it was perfect for showing off the beautiful colours of the male Anna's.
Lahore Fort started life as a defensive wall on the banks of River Ravi by the earliest settlers who founded Lahore. It was attacked, damaged, demolished, and rebuilt into various structures several times over, until it acquired its present general form under Emperor Akbar in 1566. Succeeding emperors, Sikh conquerors, and British colonists used the fort as the seat of their governance, and added their architectural influences to the citadel to give it its present configuration.
Ornate carvings directly on the stone pillars evidence the meticulous details and refinements that Mughal architects are famous for.
For more detailed information on Lahore Fort, please see: sites.ualberta.ca/~rnoor/lahore_fort.html, and
An adult female Eastern Brown Snake (Pseudonaja textlis) gapes and prepares to launch into a blindingly fast strike. Near Donnybrook on the basalt plains to the north of the city of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Taken with a Canon EOS 5D DSLR coupled to a vintage Carl Zeiss 60/2.8 Macro Planar T* 1:2 C/Y (mm) lens with a mount from Leitax.
Gorse | Ulex europaeus | Fabaceae
Samsung NX1 & Kiron 105mm f/2.8 Macro
Wide Open | Manual Focus | Available Light | Handheld
All Rights Reserved. © Nick Cowling 2018
Lahore Fort started life as a defensive wall on the banks of River Ravi by the earliest settlers who founded Lahore. It was attacked, damaged, demolished, and rebuilt into various structures several times over, until it acquired its present general form under Emperor Akbar in 1566. Succeeding emperors, Sikh conquerors, and British colonists used the fort as the seat of their governance, and added their architectural influences to the citadel to give it its present configuration.
Legend has it that Empress Mumtaz Mahal (who is entombed in the Taj Mahal in Agra) told her husband Emperor Shah Jehan that she had a dream in which she looked up at the stars, and each star had her face on it. The Emperor was so taken by his Empress that he decided to make her dream come true, and built the Sheesh Mahal, the walls and ceiling of which were embedded with thousands of convex mirrors and precious/semi-precious stones, so that anywhere one looked they would see a reflection of themselves. Unfortunately, Mumtaz Mahal died before she could visit Sheesh Mahal, and the grieving emperor built the magnificent Taj Mahal as his wife's final resting place.
For more information on Sheesh Mahal, please see: www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2016/11/20/the-mirror-palace/
For more detailed information on Lahore Fort, please see: sites.ualberta.ca/~rnoor/lahore_fort.html, and
Strolling around Gardens by the Bay I found this fierce looking gentleman who was not too pleased about me and my camera :)
The Serranos Towers (Torres de Serranos) are a duo of medieval defensive towers which once formed part of the city fortifications in Valencia, Spain. Begun in 1392, the purpose of the Serranos Towers was to help defend what was then the city’s most active gates.
From 1586, the Serranos Towers took on an entirely different function, this time as an aristocratic prison holding the likes of knights and noblemen. It would continue to be used as such until 1887, spared the destruction which befell the rest of the medieval walls.
Throughout the Spanish Civil War, the works from the Prado Museum were kept safely in the Serranos Towers. Modifications were made to adapt the towers for this purpose in 1936, including reinforcing the first floor with concrete in case the towers were bombed.
Today, the Serranos Towers in their magnificent condition are open for the public to visit. Climb to the top of the towers for a breathtaking view of Valencia.
these black skimmers have no problem letting you know your presence is NOT wanted!
This one was definitely not a happy camper when Larry decided to sit down, even though he was a fair distance away from the boundary line along the nesting area.
They get pretty aggressive!
Taller tamarack trees make for perfect perches from which to sound the alarm for other males to stay away.
Defensive gaping.
Hypnotizing eyes of a gorgeous Cat Gecko (Aeluroscalabotes felinus). I think it's one of the most beautiful geckos in Malaysia.
More tropical herps: orionmystery.blogspot.com/2012/12/tropical-reptiles-amphi...
This is a defensive tower, most likely built as a component part of the Rye town defences between 1329 and the end of the 14th century. Peter of Savoy, then Constable of the Cinque Ports, was authorised to fortify Rye in 1249 but Historic England are uncertain whether this was ever built.
The tower was damaged during an air raid in 1942 and required repair in the 1950s. It was the subject of major repairs and restoration in 1996-7 with further alterations and repairs in 2005-7.
Ypres Tower (which gains its name from being granted to John de Ypres in 1431) is built of iron-stained sandstone coursed rubble masonry with evidence that this was once rendered or covered in a wash. Its ashlar dressings include ironstone and Caen stone. The internal walls were limewashed with some evidence of render at the ground floor.
The tower is oriented on a NW to SE alignment but for simplicity the cardinal compass points will be used in the following description (ie as though the entrance elevation is to the N rather than the NW). The tower is square in plan, with projecting ¾ round towers at each of its four corners, and sits forward (to the S) of the line of the former town wall. Access is through a townside (N) ground floor doorway which is protected by a portcullis. In the 19th century a further external doorway was created in the centre of the basement’s west wall.
The tower is of three storeys – a basement, ground floor and first floor – but the fall of the land from N to S is such that the tower’s ground floor is at the first floor level of the S elevation. Access between the floors was via a spiral staircase in the NE tower but the basement is now (2016) reached by an inserted staircase of 1959. It has served as a fort, private dwelling, prison, court hall and now finally as a museum. It is a Grade I listed structure.
The cannon positions appear entirely decorative as there are no battlements or other protective features in front of them. And I don't think paving stones were a feature of such positions at any time...
Porte Saint-Jean dite du Pont ou du Doubs: The foundations of this gate date back to the late Middle Ages. It was rebuilt at the end of the 17th century and opens towards the bridge over the Doubs. The horseshoe-shaped stair turret on the western side was probably used for defensive purposes.
Mimicry is often lauded as a defensive adaptation, with the classic examples being where an edible species looks like a toxic one. However, sometimes mimicry follows a more sinister path, such where a predator resembles its prey. In “aggressive mimicry”, the predator is mistaken by the prey for one of its own, and hence brought into close proximity with its defenses down. Here, one of the world’s largest ants, a Bornean Giant Forest Ant (Dinomyrmex gigas borneensis) has been subdued by its doppelganger: an Ant-hunting Spider (Mallinella sp.). The spider’s appearance mirrors the ant almost perfectly in both size and coloration. This deception fools not only the ants themselves, but probably also larger predators that would otherwise not hesitate to make a snack of the spider. Sarawak, Malaysia (Borneo).
Kolomna — a town in the Moscow region of Russia, the administrative center of Kolomna district (which is not included), the only town of the city district Kolomna. One of the oldest and most beautiful cities of Moscow region, a major industrial centre and transport junction, a river port on the Oka. Conditionally the city is mentioned in the Laurentian chronicle under the year 1177 as already existing, but recent excavations the Foundation of the city attributed to the 1140-1160 gg[4]. The city partially preserved rare monument of old Russian defensive architecture — the Kolomna Kremlin.
Port Kembla on a very windy and cold afternoon... it would've blown the spots off a dog out there today...
Practical Magic at its Finest!
Model: Rαчlєn Swσrdthαín (raylen.swordthain)
Model: Kσαlчn Swσrdthαín (koalyn)
Model: Maku Reiren Edowazu (makureirenedowazu)
Model: Amвєrlчnn Swσrdthαín (amberpoesy)
Model: ღDæɴɪᴀ DɪғғᴇʀDᴀʀᴋᴍᴀᴛᴛᴇʀ Jᴀɴɪᴄᴋღ (daenia.laloix)
Model: Kαítч Undєrwσσd Swσrdthαín (lil.afterthought)
Model: Dαní Bαdí Swσrdthαín (vampiredrax)
Model: Ryn Fyrebird (littlesansa)
Τρόπαιο Λεύκτρων
Lefkta Victory Monument(Trophy)
Η Μάχη των Λεύκτρων ήταν μια από τις πλέον περισπούδαστες μάχες της αρχαιότητας, από πλευράς στρατιωτικής τακτικής.
Η περίφημη αυτή μάχη, μεταξύ Σπαρτιατών και Θηβαίων, που διεξήχθη το 371 π.Χ. στα Λεύκτρα της Βοιωτίας, στην οποία και νικήθηκαν οι μέχρι τότε θεωρούμενοι αήττητοι Σπαρτιάτες, έδωσε αφενός μεν τέλος στην Πελοποννησιακή Συμμαχία αφετέρου χάρισε στους Θηβαίους την ηγεμονική τους θέση στον τότε ελλαδικό χώρο.
Αφορμή στον μεταξύ Σπάρτης και Θηβών αυτόν πόλεμο έδωσε η στάση του θηβαίου στρατηγού Επαμεινώνδα στο συνέδριο των ελληνικών πόλεων-κρατών που είχε συνέλθει στη Σπάρτη μετά την Ανταλκίδειο ειρήνη. Αυτός τότε επέμενε στο συνέδριο ν' αναγνωρισθεί ως αντιπρόσωπος όλων των Βοιωτικών πόλεων και όχι μόνο της Θήβας. Οι αντιπρόσωποι των άλλων πόλεων όχι μονο δεν το δέχθηκαν, αλλά απέκλεισαν τους Θηβαίους από το συνέδριο. Τότε οι Έφοροι της Σπάρτης διέταξαν επιπρόσθετα, προκειμένου να πτοήσουν τους Θηβαίους, τον ευρισκόμενο στη Φωκίδα και κοντά στη περιοχή, Σπαρτιάτη βασιλέα Κλεόμβροτο να εισβάλει στη Βοιωτία. Οι Σπαρτιάτες αριθμούμενοι σε 11.000 έφθασαν στην περιοχή και στρατοπέδευσαν στη κοιλάδα των Λεύκτρων, ανατολικά του Ελικώνα. Οι Θηβαίοι ανερχόμενοι σε 6.000 έφθασαν στη περιοχή από βόρεια και στην αρχή δείλιασαν. Ο στρατηγός τους Επαμεινώνδας τους ενθάρρυνε και εφήρμοσε για πρώτη φορά στην ιστορία των μέχρι τότε πολέμων μια νέα στρατιωτική τακτική η οποία και τον ανέδειξε σε έναν από τους ευφυέστερους στρατηγούς όλων των εποχών.
Αντί της τακτικής τής ενιαίας γραμμής μετώπου που ακολουθείτο μέχρι τότε, χώρισε τη φάλαγγά του σε δύο τμήματα εκ των οποίων το ένα διενεργούσε επίθεση και το άλλο άμυνα. Η παράταξη αυτή κλήθηκε από τον εφευρέτη της λοξή φάλαγγα, ο δε τρόπος λειτουργίας αυτής ήταν ο εξής: Την κύρια δράση είχε η αριστερή πτέρυγα της επίθεσης, που προηγείτο της γραμμής μετώπου. Στηριζόμενη στο ενισχυμένο βάθος της εκ 50 ανδρών, είχε ως κύριο σκοπό τη διάσπαση της εχθρικής παράταξης. Η ολιγότερο ισχυρή δεξιά αμυντική πτέρυγα παρέμενε καθηλωμένη σε αναμονή του αποτελέσματος, προκειμένου να επέμβει και να προκαλέσει σύγχυση στην πληττόμενη και πλευροκοπούμενη σπαρτιατική φάλαγγα. Έτσι, αν το απέναντι σπαρτιατικό τμήμα επιχειρούσε αντεπίθεση δεξιά της θηβαϊκής πτέρυγας επίθεσης, η θηβαϊκή πτέρυγα άμυνας προχωρούσε σε περικυκλωτική επίθεση. Αν συνέβαινε το αντίθετο, αν δηλαδή το σπαρτιατικό τμήμα προέβαινε σε επίθεση στα αριστερά της θηβαϊκής πτέρυγας επίθεσης, τότε η θηβαϊκή πτέρυγα άμυνας έστρεφε και πλευροκοπούσε τον εχθρό. Η όλη αυτή εφαρμογή τακτικής ομοιάζει με την εικόνα του δεξιόστροφου ή αριστερόστροφου πτερωτού κοχλία. Εν προκειμένω στη μάχη των Λεύκτρων η όλη διάταξη κινήθηκε δεξιόστροφα.
Στην αρχή ο Επαμεινώνδας εξαπέλυσε το ιππικό του κατά των προμαχούντων Σπαρτιατών ιππέων οι οποίοι βλέποντας να μην υποχωρεί η εχθρική γραμμή, κάμφθηκαν. Οι Θηβαίοι ιππείς της πτέρυγας επίθεσης στράφηκαν τότε κατά του κέντρου και του αριστερού εχθρικού τμήματος, ενώ ο Επαμεινώνδας με την αριστερή πτέρυγα της πεζής παράταξής του και ο Πελοπίδας με τον Ιερό Λόχο επιτέθηκαν με θυελλώδη ορμή κατά των Σπαρτιατών των οποίων η σθεναρή παράταξη διασπάσθηκε. Οι σύμμαχοι των Σπαρτιατών που είχαν παραταχθεί στο κέντρο και την αριστερή πτέρυγα, βλέποντας ότι οι Σπαρτιάτες ήταν ανίκανοι να συνεχίσουν τη μάχη, αποφάσισαν να υποχωρήσουν καταδιωκόμενοι από το θηβαϊκό ιππικό.
Οι απώλειες των θηβαϊκών δυνάμεων έφθασαν τους 300 άνδρες ενώ οι Σπαρτιάτες έχασαν γύρω στους 1.000 άνδρες, μεταξύ των οποίων και τον βασιλιά Κλεόμβροτο.
ΒΙΚΙΠΑΙΔΕΙΑ
Lefktron Trophy
Lefktra Victory Monument(Trophy)
The Battle of Lefktra was one of the most studied battles of antiquity, in terms of military tactics.
This famous battle, between Spartans and Thebans, which took place in 371 BC. at Leuctra in Boeotia, in which the Spartans, considered invincible until then, were defeated, on the one hand it put an end to the Peloponnesian Alliance and on the other hand it gave the Thebans their hegemonic position in the then Greek area.
This war between Sparta and Thebes was caused by the attitude of the Theban general Epaminondas at the conference of the Greek city-states that had convened in Sparta after the Andalkidian peace. He then insisted at the conference to be recognized as the representative of all the Boeotian cities and not only Thebes. The representatives of the other cities not only did not accept it, but excluded the Thebans from the conference. Then the Prefects of Sparta additionally ordered, in order to deter the Thebans, the Spartan king Cleombrotos, who was in Phocis and nearby, to invade Boeotia. The Spartans numbering 11,000 arrived in the area and camped in the valley of Lefktra, east of Helikon. The Thebans numbering 6,000 arrived in the area from the north and at first were timid. Their general Epaminondas encouraged them and implemented for the first time in the history of the wars up to that time a new military tactic which made him one of the most intelligent generals of all time.
Instead of the tactic of the single front line followed until then, he divided his phalanx into two divisions, one of which carried out the attack and the other the defense. This formation was called by the inventor of the oblique phalanx, and its mode of operation was as follows: The main action was the left wing of the attack, which preceded the front line. Relying on its reinforced depth of 50 men, its main objective was to break up the enemy line. The less powerful right defensive wing remained pinned down to await the result, in order to intervene and cause confusion in the battered and flanked Spartan phalanx. Thus, if the opposing Spartan division attempted a counterattack to the right of the Theban attack wing, the Theban defense wing would advance in an encircling attack. If the opposite happened, that is, if the Spartan division attacked to the left of the Theban attack wing, then the Theban defense wing would turn and flank the enemy. This whole tactic application resembles the image of the clockwise or counter-clockwise propeller. In this case, in the battle of Lefktra, the whole arrangement moved clockwise.
At first Epaminondas unleashed his cavalry against the advancing Spartan horsemen who, seeing that the enemy line did not retreat, retreated. The Theban horsemen of the attacking wing then turned against the center and left of the enemy, while Epaminondas with the left wing of his infantry and Pelopidas with the Sacred Company charged with a storm against the Spartans, whose strong line was broken. The Spartan allies who had lined up in the center and left wing, seeing that the Spartans were unable to continue the battle, decided to retreat pursued by the Theban cavalry.
The losses of the Theban forces reached 300 men while the Spartans lost around 1,000 men, including King Cleombrotos.
WIKIPEDIA
Kavala (Greek: Καβάλα) is a city in northern Greece, the principal seaport of eastern Macedonia and the capital of Kavala regional unit. It is situated on the Bay of Kavala, across from the island of Thasos. Kavala is located on the Egnatia motorway and is a one and a half-hour drive to Thessaloniki (160 kilometres (99 miles) west) and a forty-minute drive to Drama (37 km (23 miles) north) and Xanthi (56 km (35 miles) east). Its nickname is The cyan city (Η γαλάζια πόλη).
History
Antiquity
The city was founded at about the end of the 7th century BC by settlers from Thassos, who called it Neapolis (Νεάπολις; "new city" in Greek). It was one of the colonies that the Thassians founded along the coastline in order to take advantage of the rich gold and silver mines of the territory, especially those located in the nearby Pangaion mountain (which were eventually exploited by Phillip the Second of Macedonia).
The worship of "Parthenos", a female deity of Greek–Ionian origin, is archaeologically attested in the archaic period. At the end of the 6th century BC Neapolis claimed its independence from Thassos and cut its own silver coins with the head of Gorgo (γοργὀνειο) on the one side. At the beginning of the 5th century BC a large Ionic temple made from thassian marble replaced the archaic one. Parts of it can now be seen in the archaeological museum of Kavala.
In 411 BC, during the Peloponnesian War, Neapolis was besieged by the allied armies of the Spartans and the Thassians but remained faithful to Athens. Two Athenian honorary decrees in 410 and 407 BC rewarded Neapolis for its loyalty.
Neapolis was a town of Macedonia, located 14 km (9 mi) from the harbor of Philippi. Neapolis was a member of the Athenian League; a pillar found in Athens mentions the contribution of Neapolis to the alliance.
Roman Era
The military Roman road Via Egnatia passed through the city helped commerce to flourish. It became a Roman civitas in 168 BC, and was a base for Brutus and Cassius in 42 BC, before their defeat in the Battle of Philippi. (Appian, B.C. iv. 106; Dion Cass. xlvii. 35.). The Apostle Paul landed at Kavala on his first voyage to Europe (Acts, xvi. 11).
Byzantine Era
In the 6th century, Byzantine emperor Justinian I fortified the city in an effort to protect it from barbaric raids. In later Byzantine times the city was called Christoupolis (Χριστούπολις, "city of Christ") and belonged to the theme of Macedonia. The first mention of the new name is recorded in a taktikon of the early 9th century. The city is also mentioned in the "Life of St. Gregory of Dekapolis". In the 8th and 9th century, Bulgarian attacks forced the Byzantines to reorganize the defense of the area, giving great care to Christoupolis with fortifications and a notable garrison. In 926 the Byzantine general (strategos) Basil Klaudon reconstructed the fallen walls of the city, ("τα πριν φθαρέντα και πεπτωκότα τείχη") according to an inscription that is now in the archaeological museum of Kavala. Due to the location of Christoupolis, the city experienced an economic resurgence, securing the contact between Constantinople and Thessaloniki. During the Norman raid of Macedonia in 1185, the city was captured and burned. In 1302, the Catalans failed to capture the city. In order to prevent them from coming back, the Byzantine emperor Andronikos III Palaiologos built a new long defensive wall ("το παρά την Χριστούπολιν τείχισμα"). In the 13th century the Byzantine Greek historian George Akropolites writes that the city and the area around the city is highly populated with Bulgarians and this makes it more difficult to keep the city as a part of Bizantium.[2] In 1357 it is mentioned that the Byzantine officers and brothers Alexios and John controlled the city and its territory. Recent excavations have revealed the ruins of an early Byzantine basilica under an old Ottoman mosque in the old part of the city (Panagia peninsula). This Christian temple was used until the late Byzantine era, as the also recently revealed small cemetery around it shows. The Ottoman Turks first captured the city in 1387 and completely destroyed it in 1391, as a Mount Athos chronicle testifies.
Ottoman Era
Kavala was part of the Ottoman Empire from 1387 to 1912. In the middle of the 16th century, Ibrahim Pasha, Grand Vizier of Suleiman the Magnificent, contributed to the prosperity and growth of Kavala by the construction of an aqueduct.[3] The Ottomans also extended the Byzantine fortress on the hill of Panagia. Both landmarks are among the most recognizable symbols of the city today.
Mehmet Ali, the founder of a dynasty that ruled Egypt, was born in Kavala in 1769. His house has been preserved as a museum.
Modern Kavala
Kavala was briefly occupied by the Bulgarians during the first Balkan War in 1912, but was finally captured by Greece in 1913 during a successful landing operation by the Greek Navy that was commanded by the famous admiral Pavlos Kountouriotis. During World War I Kavala suffered from the Bulgarian military occupation with many victims among its Greek population.[citation needed] After the Greco-Turkish War of 1919–1922, the city entered a new era of prosperity because of the labour offered by the thousands of refugees that moved to the area from Asia Minor. The development was both industrial and agricultural. Kavala became greatly involved in the processing and trading of tobacco. Many buildings related to the storage and processing of tobacco from that era are preserved in the city.
During World War II and after the fall of Athens, the Nazis awarded Kavala to their Bulgarian allies in 1941, causing the city to suffer once again, but finally was liberated in 1944.
In the late 1950s Kavala expanded towards the sea by reclaiming land from the area west of the port.
In 1967, King Constantine II left Athens for Kavala in an unsuccessful attempt to launch a counter-coup against the military junta.
Etymology
In antiquity the name of the city was Neapolis. During the Middle Ages it was Christoupolis. The etymology of the modern name of the city is disputed. There are some explanations, either from the Italian cavallo (=horse), or from the Hebrew Kabbalah due to the large Jewish population of the city.
Climate
Kavala has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification "Cfa") that borders on an semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification "BSk" or "BSh" depending on the system used) with annual average precipitation of 460 mm (18.1 in). Snowfalls are sporadic, but happen more or less every year. The humidity is always very high
The absolute maximum temperature ever recorded was 38.0 °C (100 °F), while the absolute minimum ever recorded was −5.8 °C (22 °F).
Education/Research
The Technological Educational Institute (panoramic view).TEI of Kavala: The Technological Educational Institute of Kavala (Greek: ΤΕΙ Καβάλας) is a public institute providing education at university level in the region of Eastern Macedonia and Thrace. The main campus of the institute located in St. Lukas, Kavala and is approximately 132,000 m2 with buildings covering an area of 36,000 m2.The campus is home for 2 faculties (Faculty of Engineering Sciences and Faculty of Business and Economics) with totally 9 departments.
Fisheries Research Institute:[5] Fisheries Research Institute (F.R.I) is one of the five specialized research institutes of N.AG.RE.F, being responsible to conduct research and to promote technological development in the fishery sector. The Institute is located 17 km (11 mi) away from Kavala, in Nea Peramos, at the centre of a marine area with rich fishery grounds and high biodiversity in the surrounding lagoons, lakes and rivers.
Institute of Mohamed Ali for the Research of the Eastern Tradition (I.M.A.R.E.T.):[6] I.M.A.R.E.T. is a registered NGO with the Hellenic Ministry of Foreign Affairs, which was established several months ago by concerned citizens in Kavala, Greece. Its aims include the study of the Egyptian influence in Greece and vice versa. The intra-cultural exchange and dialogue, as well as the promotion of art as a means of intra-cultural understanding. The first major co-operation partner is Cultnat of Bibliotheca Alaxandrina with the aim of documenting and digitizing the architectural heritage of the Mohamed Ali era in Egypt and Greece. Most important event that take place every year at the institute is the International Roman Law Moot Court Competition.
Historical & Literary Archives of Kavala:[7] It is purely a non-profiteering, public utility foundation. The foundation of the Historical & Literary Archives of Kavala is not subsidized by the Greek State, neither by any other enterprise of the private sector. Its operational cost is covered only by its founders and by infrequent aids of the local self-government.
Egnatia Aviation:[8] It is a private training college for pilots that started training in Greece in July 2006. The facilities of Egnatia Aviation mostly located in the former passenger’s terminal of the Kavala International Airport "Alexander the Great".
Culture
Festivals and events
Kavala hosts a wide array of cultural events, which mostly take place during the summer months. The top festival is the Festival of Philippi,[9] which lasts from July to September and includes theatrical performances and music concerts. Since 1957, it has been the city's most important cultural event and one of the most important of Greece.
Cosmopolis is an International Festival held in the Old Town of Kavala that offers an acquaintance with cultures around the world through dancing and musical groups, traditional national cuisines, cinema, and exhibits at the kiosks of the participant countries.
Giannis Papaioannou’s Festival includes concerts and music seminars.[10]
Ilios ke Petra (Sun and Stone)(July): a Festival held in “Akontisma” of Nea Karvali. The event is of folkloric character, with the participation of traditional dancing groups from all over the world.
Wood Water Wild Festival:[11] Wood Water Wild is an outdoor activities festival, inspired by nature. It includes live bands & DJ sets, body&mind activities, a book fair, outdoor theatre, ecology, camping, and debates.
Kavala AirSea Show:[12] An annual air show, which takes place during the last days of June
Besides, various cultural events are held in all municipalities of Kavala during the summer months.
Cuisine
Fish and sea food, as well as the products of the local livestock breeding and agricultural sectors are the prevailing elements of Kavala courses. In Kavala, the traditional local recipes have been influenced by the cuisine of the refugees from Pontos, Asia Minor and Kappadokia. Fresh fish and sea food, salted food, mackerel "gouna" (sun dried mackerel on the grill), sardine pantremeni, mussels with rice, herring saganaki, anchovies wrapped in grape leaves, Stuffed eggplant: these are some very renowned recipes in Kavala and the coastal settlements of the region. The grapes, wine and tsipouro produced in the area, as well as the kourabiedes (sugar-coated almond biscuits) from Nea Karvali are particularly famous.
Municipality
The municipality of Kavala was formed at the 2011 local government reform by the merger of the following 2 former municipalities, that became municipal units:[13]
Municipal units (former municipalities):
Kavala
Filippoi
Municipal unit
Kavala 58,790
Filippoi 11,711
The population of the new municipality is 70,501 and the area is 350,61 km2. The seat of the municipality is in Kavala. Some of the most important communities inside new municipality are:
Population
Kavala 56,371
Krinides 3,365
Amigdaleonas 2,724
Nea Karvali 2,225
Zygos 2,057
Subdivisions
Kavala is built amphitheatrically, with most residents enjoying superb views of the coast and sea. Some of the regions inside Kavala are:
Agia Varvara Agios Athanasios Agios Ioannis Agios Loukas Chilia
Dexameni Kalamitsa Kentro Neapolis Panagia
Perigiali Potamoudia Profitis Ilias Timios Stavros Vyronas
Province
The province of Kavala (Greek: Επαρχία Καβάλας) was one of the provinces of the Kavala Prefecture. Its territory corresponded with that of the current municipality Kavala, and part of the municipal unit Eleftheroupoli.[14] It was abolished in 2006.
Transport
Highway Network
European route E90 runs through the city and connects Kavala with the other cities. The Egnatia Motorway (A2) lies north of the city. One can enter the city from one of two Junctions; 'Kavala West' and 'Kavala East'.Kavala has regular connection with Interregional Bus Lines (KTEL) from and to Thessaloniki and Athens.
Airport
The Kavala International Airport "Alexander the Great" (27 km (17 mi) from Kavala) is connected with Athens by regularly scheduled flights and with many European cities by scheduled and charter flights.
Port
Kavala is connected with all the islands of the Northern Aegean Sea with frequent itineraries of various ferry lines.
Bus
The city is connected with all of the large Greek cities such as Thessaloniki and Athens. All of the local villages are also connected via bus lines. The cost of tickets is very cheap. There is also a shuttle bus in Kavala with these lines : 1. Vironas - Kallithea 2. Dexameni 3. Cemetery 4. Kipoupoli - Technological Institute 5. Agios Loukas 6. Profitis Ilias 7. Stadium 8. Kalamitsa - Batis ( only in summer ) 9. Agios Konstantinos 10. Neapoli 11. Hospital - Perigiali
Sports
Kavala F.C.: AO Kavala (Greek: Athlitikos Omilos Kavala, Αθλητικός Όμιλος Καβάλα), the Athletic Club Kavala, is a professional association football club based in the city of Kavala, Greece.The club plays in the Municipal Kavala Stadium "Anthi Karagianni".[15]
Kavala B.C.: Enosi Kalathosfairisis Kavalas (Greek: Ένωση Καλαθοσφαίρισης Καβάλας - Basketball Union of Kavala) is a Greek professional basketball club that is located in Kavala, Greece. The club is also known as E.K. Kavalas. The club's full Greek name is Ένωση Καλαθοσφαίρισης Καβάλας. Which means, Kavala Basketball Union or Kavala Basketball Association in English. The club competes in the Greek League.
Kavala '86: A women football club, founded in 1986, with panhellenic titles in Greek women football.
Kavala Chess Club:[16] Chess is very popular in Kavala and the local chess club ranks top in Greece, enjoying plenty of success both domestically and internationally. The highlight has to be the club's annual International Open, that takes place every August in Kavala and attracts the biggest names in chess from all over the globe
Nautical Club of Kavala (1945, Ναυτικός Ομιλος Καβάλας, ΝΟΚ). Sports of sea (swimming, yachting,water-polo,diving e.t.c.)
Kavala Titans (2009, Τιτάνες Καβάλας). Rugby Union
International relations
Twin towns – Sister cities
Kavala is twinned with:
Bulgaria Gabrovo, Bulgaria (1975)
Bosnia and Herzegovina Gradiška, Bosnia and Herzegovina (1994)
Germany Nuremberg, Germany (1998)
Partnerships
Morocco Agadir, Morocco (2001)
Armenia Martuni, Armenia (2001)
Turkey Tekirdağ, Turkey (2003)
Bulgaria Gotse Delchev, Bulgaria (2003)
Serbia Vranje, Serbia (2009)
Postage stamps
Austria opened a post office in Kavala before 1864.[18] Between 1893 and 1903, the French post office in the city issued its own postage stamps; at first stamps of France overprinted with "Cavalle" and a value in piasters, then in 1902 the French designs inscribed "CAVALLE".
Historical population
1961 44,517 44,978 -
1971 46,234 46,887 -
1981 56,375 56,705 -
1991 56,571 58,025 -
2001 58,663 63,293 -
2011 54,027 58,790 70,501
Notable figures
Muhammad Ali Pasha of Kavala, the Albanian Wali (governor) of Egypt between 1805–1848 and founder of the modern state of Egypt
Theodore Kavalliotis, Greek Orthodox priest, teacher and a figure of the Greek Enlightenment
Vassilis Vassilikos, Greek writer and diplomat
George Georgiadis, Greek footballer
Giorgos Heimonas (1938–2000), writer and translator
Nikos Karageorgiou, (born December 9, 1962) Manager of Greek football team Ergotelis, based in Heraklion, Crete
Anthi Karagianni, silver medalist in the Athens 2004 and Beijing 2008 Paralympic Games; the city's Municipal stadium is named after her
Vasilis Karas, Greek singer
Nikos Kourkoulis, Greek singer
Mitsos Partsalidis, first elected "red" (communist) mere in modern Greek history, back in 1.4.1934
Antigone Valakou, actress
Despina Vandi, a Top Greek singer
Thanasis Euthimiadis, a Greek actor
Anna Verouli, 1982 Gold Medalist, European Championship, javelin thrower
Zisis Vryzas (born November 9, 1973), former footballer, currently vicepresident of PAOK FC
Theodoros Zagorakis (born October 27, 1971), former footballer, captain of national team of Greece-European champion 2004, currently president of PAOK FC
Anna Gerasimou, a Greek tennis player
Kleon Krantonellis, Αrchitect
20230304_4008_7D2-435 Defensive shot (063/365)
Christchurch Boys High player Logan McLachlan plays a defensice shot in the cricket game against Shirley Boys High School. Year 9.
Logan top scored with 56 not out.
#14841
So many photos, so many too choose from. So I thought I'd choose this shot from the urban business district of La Defense - a Parisian Manhattan full of high rise buildings mixed with contemporary sculpture.
Love the timing of this smartly dressed businessman walking past.
This picture got to #423 in Explore on Saturday, April 25, 2009
Israeli forces fight terrorists in the West Bank during the second intifada, 2002
The moc is still a wip but I got this cool shot
Torrechiara is a frazione of the comune of Langhirano, in the province of Parma, northern Italy. It is especially known for its massive castle, built by Pier Maria II Rossi (1413-1482), count of San Secondo, between 1448 and 1460.
The building was thought not only as a defensive structure, but also as mansion for the count's lover, Bianca Pellegrini, for which a famous hall, the Camera d'Oro ("Golden Chamber") was built with decorations by Benedetto Bembo, sibling of Bonifacio Bembo.
Scenes of the 1985 film Ladyhawke were shot at the castle.
The castle has four rectangular towers, connected by a double line of merloned walls. The inner court is called Cortile d'onore ("Courtyard of Honour"). The towers are the following:
Torre di San Nicomede, with the eponymous chapel. It guarded the plain towards Langhirano
Torre del Giglio ("Lily Tower"), so called for it sported Bianca Pellegrini's coat of arms.
Torre della Camera d'Oro ("Tower of the Golden Chamber"), with the chamber of Rossi and Pellegrini.
Torre del Leone ("Lion Tower"), facing north, which is the keep of the castle. It takes its name from Rossi's coat of arms.
The interior is characterized by numerous rooms decorated with fantastic, grottesco or naturalistic elements. On the first floor, together with the Salone dei Giocolieri ("Jugglers Hall"), is the Camera d'Oro ("Golden Chamber"), one of the most famous examples of erotic chambers in Italy. The fresco cycle in the lunettes portrays Bianca Pellegrini running her and Rossi's fiefs, searching for her lover: the paintings are attributed to Benedetto Bembo. The chamber opens onto a panoramic loggiato.
This jeweled anenome crab protects itself not only with the shell of a partridge tun, but also by placing stinging anemones on the shell to deter predators.
Black Kite
≠=================≠
When I first saw this one swing around from the tree line, I thought it was going to do a fly over to check me out.
But No.
It was gaining speed to flush out some Ravens that had the poor judgement to land on the roost tree of this bird and its mate.
Several passes later, and the area was clear.