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Photographed may 2024 / Olympus OM-1 35mm SLR film camera with W-Zuicko 28mm/2 lens. The film was ILFORD PAN400 35mm bulk stock metered ASA 320 and developed in glycol version PYROCAT-HD. The negative was digitalised via a PENTAX k3 DSLR and the image rendered on an iPad 9th Generation using the Snapseed application: full frame scan of entire negative area without trimming.
Trust: a firm belief in the reliability, truth, or ability of someone or something.
Humans have a natural disposition to trust and to judge trustworthiness. This can be traced to the neurobiological structure and activity of a human brain. Some studies indicate that trust can be altered e.g. by the application of oxytocin.
Oxytocin (not to be confused with OxyContin, the painkiller at the centre of the opioid epidemic) has been called the “love chemical,” the “hug hormone,” the “elixir of trust,” and even the “moral molecule,” among other monikers.
There is a lot of hype out there,the snake-oil salesmanship rampant in a shady industry of sprays, balms, and elixirs claiming to harness the power of oxytocin to win friends, lovers, and clients.
The intense interest in oxytocin has been a double-edged sword. While science tries to sort out the nuances of what the hormone does and how, the popular press and the public have run wild with the concept of a feel-good hormone that could seemingly right society’s wrongs.
As studies continue some people wait in hope and some of us wonder why you would need a "chemical additive" to make friends.
(in my opinion messing with your brain's chemistry is a risky business).
Super Sales Weekend is taking applications for new merchants.
Listings are 75L for up to 4 items and reaches more than 6000 people. You can list your inworld store, your marketplace store or both.
Please visit our blog for details and application. supersalesweekendsl.blogspot.com/p/ssw-application.html
We're looking to build onto our team, and we invite you to apply if you enjoy photographing couples poses. Application open June 1st - 8th.
Hi guys,
CODEX is actually looking for SERIOUS and PROFESSIONAL Bloggers:
► Active and creative blog.
► At least six months Blog Experience.
► High quality photos.
UPDATE:
Applications are closed. Thank you for all the notecards!
We will check them out and contact the selected bloggers.
Have a great day and thank you for your support :)
-----------------------
TO APPLY:
7 ~ Blogger Application OPEN ! ~ Until June 30th.
- You're blog must be at least 6 months old .
- You must have high-quality pictures and a decent amount of views per picture.
- You must blog at least 50% of my new releases per month.
- Finally, you must have In world group space available.
Please send a notecard with your name, your blog and flickr links to Noir Gothly.
Thank you!
Series: The Meshchovsk childhood
From a cycle: The Average strip
"Аппликация"
серия: Мещовское детство
Мещовск, Калужская область, Россия
апрель 2010
из цикла: Срединная полоса
Happy to announce our blogger application:
3rd March - 18th March closes.
Please to apply fill the link below :
goo.gl/forms/jr0yzUsCi22p1FaI3
Thank you so much for the amazing support
Street shooter or travel(ing) photographer? Click through to DearSusan - a Web site specifically for travellers and street shooters. That means lots of urban images, some landscapes and the latest camera and lens reviews.
Also on DearSusan you will find the InSight city guides; informative where-to-go and what-to-see PDF-based books for the travelling photographer. If you're planning to visit London, Tokyo, Singapore, Amsterdam, Copenhagen, Cape Town, George Town (Penang) or Istanbul, these guides are available for immediate sale/download and show you a city the tourists don't see. Coming soon are Paris and Edinburgh. The InSight Guides are here: www.dearsusan.net/dearsusan-insight-guides/
Press L to view on a black background.
You can see more on my Flickr Photostream or on my Web site.
This image is mine. You may not use it anywhere or for any project without my express permission. Rates for commercial applications are available on request.
Please contact me if you would like to arrange a commercial use, or purchase a print of this photograph.
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Photographed March 2019 / Mamiya-6 medium format, folding rangefinder camera with Olympus D Zuicko 7.5cm/3.5 lens. Film was ILFORD HP5+ 120 roll film metered ASA 200 developed in PMK PYRO (5ml A + 10ml B > 600ml, 7min 45 sec, 20*C).Negative was illuminated on a light panel and 'scanned' with an iPad mini using the Film Scanner application. The image was then processed & finished in Flickr.
media-sl.com/media-sl-super-sales-weekend-designers-appli...
PARTICIPATION REQUIREMENTS 1 – Creators MUST have confirmed their spot each week no later than 5pm SLT every Thursday with their vendors. 2 – The photos of the vendors must have the logo MEDIA SL SUPER SALES WEEKEND 3 – Creators MUST have their displays completed no later...
Applications will be closing soon for Mainframe Event - July Round. If you or a friend are interested in joining the next round, apply now!
Application: forms.gle/6P1CVG8zoMDJG31Z6
The piggu convention blogger applications are now open.
Apply here: forms.gle/fhXYg8cnxu7V2xaS8
The piggu convention is sponsored by:
=Chubby Bunny=
KALEIDO
Orange*Pekoe
Zoobatos
Babbellotta
The main piggu brand will of course be front and centre with our sponsors!
Applications are open for Designers and Bloggers for the Around the Grid 10 hunt.
This hunt will run July 13-Sept 30. Please read all the rules before applying. This hunt will have two prims but one prize. 1L for hunters or 25L for shoppers option.
Apply via website: Designers Applications
funwithhunts.blogspot.com/p/app.html
Blogger Applications funwithhunts.blogspot.com/p/blogger-application.html
Took some applications pics for Isabel and afterwards we went out and took some night-shots on IKEA`s parkdeck :)
Light:
- YN 560, above, through softbox
Lens:
- Canon 50mm f1.4 @: f1.6, 1/80, ISO 400
www.photo-se.com ----- facebook
FATE is now accepting blogger applications. As a FATE blogger you will receive items from both FATEwear and FATEplay (and any other products I put out!). If you are interested in being an official blogger please fill out the application form tinyurl.com/FATEapply
Thank you!
Ukrainians!
And all our friends and allies!
De facto allies. Today, here in Kyiv, in the heart of our country, we are taking a decisive step for the security of the entire community of free nations.
We see who threatens us. Who is ready to kill and maim. Who in order to expand his zone of control does not stop at any savagery.
On February 24, the first full-scale attack on Ukraine was carried out. The first!
Russia would not have stopped at our borders if we had not stopped it. Other states would have been under attack. The Baltic countries, Poland, Moldova and Georgia, Kazakhstan...
Russia claimed to subjugate various nations of Europe and Asia. Claimed six months ago. This criminal ambition is breaking down in Ukraine. It was broken down in the suburbs of Kyiv and Chernihiv. In "Azovstal". In the Sumy region and Kharkiv region. On Zmiinyi Island. It will be broken down in Donbas and in the south of Ukraine when we liberate them. Definitely - in Crimea, in the free Ukrainian Crimea.
The entire territory of our country will be liberated from this enemy - the enemy not only of Ukraine, but also of life itself, humanity, law and truth.
Russia already knows this. It feels our power. It sees that it is here, in Ukraine, that we prove the strength of our values. And that is why it is in a hurry. Organizes this farce with the attempted annexation. Tries to steal something that does not belong to it. Wants to rewrite history and redraw borders with murders, torture, blackmail and lies.
Ukraine will not allow that.
Today I held a meeting of the Staff of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief. The meeting of the National Security and Defense Council has just ended. We have a decision.
First – it is only the path of strengthening Ukraine and ousting the occupiers from our entire territory that restores peace. We will complete this path.
Second – Ukraine was and remains a leader in negotiation efforts. It was our state that always offered Russia to reach an agreement on coexistence on equal, honest, decent and fair terms. It is obvious that this is impossible with this Russian president. He does not know what dignity and honesty are. Therefore, we are ready for a dialogue with Russia, but already with another president of Russia.
And third – we must de jure record everything we have already achieved de facto. It is in Ukraine that the fate of democracy in the confrontation with tyranny is being decided. It is here, with the firmness of our state borders, that we can secure the firmness of the borders of all European states. We can guarantee that no one else will dare to bring war back to our continent.
It is here, in Ukraine, that the values of our Euro-Atlantic community have obtained real vital energy. The strength of the nation that fights for freedom, and the strength of the nations that help in this fight.
We are de facto allies. This has already been achieved. De facto, we have already completed our path to NATO. De facto, we have already proven interoperability with the Alliance’s standards, they are real for Ukraine - real on the battlefield and in all aspects of our interaction.
We trust each other, we help each other and we protect each other. This is what the Alliance is. De facto.
Today, Ukraine is applying to make it de jure. Under a procedure consistent with our significance for the protection of our entire community. Under an accelerated procedure.
We know it's possible. We have seen Finland and Sweden start accession to the Alliance this year without a Membership Action Plan.
This is fair. This is also fair for Ukraine. This is the consolidation at the level of the treaty of what has already been achieved in life and what are our values.
We understand that this requires the consensus of all members of the Alliance. We understand that it is necessary to reach such a consensus. And therefore, while this is happening, we offer to implement our proposals regarding security guarantees for Ukraine and all of Europe in accordance with the Kyiv Security Compact, which was developed and presented to our partners.
Security has no alternatives. But determination is needed to guarantee it.
We are taking our decisive step by signing Ukraine's application for accelerated accession to NATO.
Today, the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine adopted a decision to impose sanctions on significant individuals and legal entities of Russia who did not have the courage to speak out in defense of humanity and international law, or who in one way or another are involved in aggressive steps against Ukraine and the community of democratic nations.
And at the same time, I am addressing the people's deputies of Ukraine: at the next session of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, a draft law on the nationalization of all Russian assets will be considered, which should significantly simplify this procedure. Please endorse this bill without delay.
We are completing the dismantling of Russian influence on Ukraine, Europe and the world.
Glory to Ukraine!
See the behind the scenes timelapse for this shot here: www.marklobo.com.au/news/2011/05/05/phoot-camp-2011-marfa...
One of the biggest highlights of last year was no doubt the opportunity to head over to Los Angeles to meet and hang out with some inspiring, creative minds at Phootcamp. This year, I'm doing it all again in Marfa, Texas! As part of the application process, we had to shoot a self portrait (see last year's here). The portrait was inspired by everything I learned at last year's camp and included a few recurring themes from other people's photos! The shirt I'm wearing is inspired by this "Nate Bolt!" shirt by Steph Goralnick. The portrait has also been featured along with the many other talented Phoot Camp attendees here on Pictory, an always beautiful and inspiring website created by Phootcamp founder, Laura Miner. I can't wait to meet all the new faces and really dig deep into getting creative with such an awesome bunch of people!
Prop by Kaerri : Ruin with sits @ Swank Events (WLTB)
Taxi : maps.secondlife.com/secondlife/Spring%20Retreat/159/138/3003
*********************************************************************
Formal venue ballroom : The new ultimate romantic place to be !
TAXI : maps.secondlife.com/secondlife/ksa%20ALNASHAMA/91/145/2699
★ The Polar Star Co-Owner : Elanor IcyBear (Elanor Azov) & Candy IcyBear ( Guimauve Turquoise) ★
★ DJ Manager Perceval.Llewellyn★
★General Manager : Ellendir Khandr★
★DJ : for application can contact DJ Manager Perceval.Llewellyn
Host : for application can contact Candy Icybear (Guimauve Turquoise) & Elanor Azov
★ The Polar Star Co-Owner : Elanor IcyBear (Elanor Azov) & Candy IcyBear ( Guimauve Turquoise) ★
Knowing firsthand the difficulty that lesser known artists have in finding a venue to display their work, Marion reopened the Little Gallery to visiting artists after her husband’s death. Today the DeGrazia Foundation continues this legacy during the winter months. We are happy to announce our 2017/2018 Little Gallery application is now online until February 28th! All applications must be filled out and submitted to the gallery by March 31st. Good luck! Please click on the link for more information degrazia.org/exhibitions/little-gallery/.
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Last week I had the chance to shoot my first band ever after almost 2 years of photography, imagine !! I'm really happy with the result and the band did not expect something like that. "Fierce Application" is a new band here in South Africa and they have big dreams, here is their first single called " Stop"
P.S: This is a composite image, shot on a roof on a house and I thought the background was too boring so decided to go for a different look
Listen to their first song :
Strobist info:
3 x YN 560 in 50x100 softbox right in front of subjects
La plante et ses applications ornementales /
Paris :Librairie Centrale des Beaux-Arts, E. Lévy, éditeur ...[1896]
Bloggers applications are now reopened!
I know some of you have been waiting for a while, sorry for the delay ♥
Please apply (May 20 - 31) using the board in Wasabi main store.
The Asklepion gained in prominence under the Romans in the 2nd century AD, but a sacred site existed here as early as the 4th century BC.
Many of the treatments employed at Pergamum, in complement with a sacred source of water that was later discovered as having radioactive properties, have been used for centuries and are once again finding modern application.
The treatments included psychotherapy, massage, herbal remedies, mud and bathing treatments, the interpretation of dreams, and the drinking of water.
Quite unlike modern hospitals, everybody who was anybody was dying to get in to the Asklepion: patients included Hadrian, Marcus Aurelius, and Caracalla.
But then again, the Asklepion was more like a modern spa than a hospital: therapy included mud baths, music concerts, and doses of water from the sacred fountain.
Hours of therapy also probed the meaning of the previous night's dreams, as patients believed dreams recounted a visit by the god Asklepios, who held the key to curing illness.
Galen, the influential physician and philosopher who was born in Pergamum in 129 AD, trained and then later became an attendant to the gladiators here.
What to See
Access to the Asklepeion is via the Sacred Way, which at 807m (2,690 ft.) long and colonnaded, originally connected the Asklepeion with the Acropolis. The sacred way becomes the stately Via Tecta near the entrance to the site and leads to a courtyard and fallen Propylaeum, or Monumental Gate.
Don't miss the focus of the first courtyard, an altar inscribed with the emblem of modern medicine, the serpent. To the right of the courtyard is the Emperor's Room, which was also used as a library.
The circular domed Temple of Asklepios, with a diameter of 23m (78 ft.), recalls the Pantheon in Rome, which was completed only 20 years earlier.
Reachable through an underground tunnel is what is traditionally called the Temple of Telesphorus, which served as both the treatment rooms and the sleeping chambers, an indication that sleep was integral in the actual healing process.
At various spots in the center of the complex are a total of three pools and fountains, used for bathing, drinking, and various other forms of treatment.
The northern colonnade, with 17 columns still in place, leads from the library to the restored theater, set into the slope of the hill. The theater hosts classical plays during the annual Bergama Festival. The semicircular Roman Theatre flanks the colonnaded promenade on the northwest corner of the site.
Applications Open FEBRUARY 20th - MARCH 1st
Cold Ash is looking to expand its blogger team for the Menswear line. If you or anyone you know is interested and is an active blogger, you can apply by clicking the Blogotex board in the Mainstore or using the direct link here: blogotex.com/brand/coldash/application
📌 SLurl: maps.secondlife.com/secondlife/Cold%20Ash/172/196/35
As promised since our update to the Venus, Isis and Freya bodies are now complete and our developer kits have been updated we will now reopen our applications to apply to be a Belleza Mesh Creator....
Details on our blog: BELLEZA MESH CREATOR APPLICATION & AGREEMENT – NOW OPEN!
Miami, FL. January 17, 2021. Hasselblad 500 C/M. Carl Zeiss Planar 2.8/80 T* lens/ Kodak Portra 800 film.
Never Totally Dead..
is looking for bloggers!
We are looking for creative bloggers
application Here: TELEPORT
An elephant at the Cleveland Metroparks Zoo applies the mud that she made to her underside. Elephants apparently believe in using whole body makup.
“A future “space taxi” capable of transporting “passengers other than trained astronauts” to earth orbital stations “or to any point on earth within 45 minutes” was described to 150 international scientists meeting in Palo Alto today.
The single-stage, multi-purpose rocket launch vehicle would be “recoverable and reusable,” Douglas Aircraft Company engineer Phil Bono said.
The week-long event is sponsored by the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE).
He told the space scientists from Britain, France, Germany and Italy that by refueling in earth orbit, the Douglas designed satellite could also land passengers and cargo on the moon.
SPACE FIGHTER
Bono said the giant rocket could also have military applications including “the jet fighter of the space age…”
Unfortunately, the rest of the article was omitted when affixed to the verso.
8.5” x 11”, so likely original Douglas Aircraft Company-produced for professional presentation, and in this case, press purposes, hence it not being appropriately handled. Fortunately, and despite such, it’s still retained its gloss.
Gorgeous airbrush work by either "Pisakov" or "P. Isakov"...unfortunately, either way...nothing on him/her. Drats.
Also, from the excellent “ATOMIC ROCKETS” website:
“The Saturn Application Single-Stage-to-Orbit (SASSTO) is from Frontiers of Space by Philip Bono and Kenneth Gatland (1969).
In 1966, when winged space shuttle designs were being studied, the Douglas Aircraft Company was doing a cost-benefit analysis. They were comparing reusable space shuttle costs to throwaway two-stage ballistic boosters. Somewhere along the line they took a look at whether it was possible to make a reusable single stage ballistic booster. The SASSTO was the result. The payload was not much, but it was enough for a Gemini space capsule. A Gemini would transform the SASSTO into a space taxi or even a space fighter, capable of satellite inspection missions. Without the Gemini it could deliver supplies and propellant to space stations and spacecraft in LEO.
Bono pointed out how inoperative satellites could become space hazards (although the concept of the Kessler Syndrome would not be created until 1978). A SASSTO could deal with such satellites in LEO (Bono called this Saturn Application Retrieval and Rescue Apparatus or SARRA). Even better, such satellites could be grabbed and brought back to Terra for refurbishment and re-launch. This would be much cheaper than building an entirely new satellite from scratch, which would interest satellite corporations. Only satellites in LEO though, communication satellites in geostationary orbit would be out of reach.
The interesting part was on the base. Conventional spacecraft trying to do an aerobraking landing need a large convex heat shield on the base (for example the Apollo command module.). Unfortunately, a reusable spacecraft has a large concave exhaust nozzle on the bottom, exactly the opposite of what you want. Tinsley's artist conception for the "Mars Snooper" had petals that would close over the exhaust nozzle sticking out of the heat shield, but that was impractical.
Douglas' solution was to use an aerospike engine with the spike truncated (which they confusingly call a "plug nozzle", contrary to modern terminology). The truncated part became the heat shield, the untruncated part around the edge was the aerospike engine.”
At:
www.projectrho.com/public_html/rocket/surfaceorbit.php#sa...
Additionally, and more directly, from the equally excellent SECRET PROJECTS Forum website, posted by Donald McKelvy/user “Triton” on 24 August 2009, apparently taken from Mr. Bono’s document/presentation at the above referenced SAE Conference Proceedings:
“In late 1966, the vertical launch & landing SSTO proponents at Douglas Aircraft Co. carried out a study to determine whether ballistic VTVLs might be cost-competitive vs. winged VTHL TSTO vehicles in the small payload class. Previous NASA & USAF studies had generally assumed ballistic single-stage vehicles might make sense for unmanned heavy-lift payloads but winged TSTOs were invariably chosen for small manned near-term missions. Consequently, Douglas had to define a small VTVL SSTO manned "space taxi" to demonstrate the key elements of the concept (aerospike engine, lightweight structures, ballistic reentry, vertical landing, actively cooled heatshield etc.) The resulting vehicle became known as "Saturn Application Single Stage to Orbit". Notable design features included an aft-mounted liquid oxygen tank to reduce the difference between vehicle center of gravity & center of aerodynamic pressure, and a hydrogen cooling system for the main engine to provide thermal protection during reentry. Thermal analysis indicated that although the engine itself would be adequately protected by this system, the areas located above the exhaust nozzles would not. Consequently, the designers had to resort to an ablative, expendable material (200 kilograms of Armstrong Insulcork 2760) bonded to the aluminum structure although it would increase the maintenance cost. The oxygen/hydrogen mixture ratio was 6:1 rather than 7:1 since the designers felt a high oxygen ratio would degrade the exhaust velocity & payload capability. 50% hydrogen slush was used to reduce the volume of the fuel tank. The 36-segment plug nozzle propulsion system would have operated at a pressure of 1500psia. It would be used for ascent, orbit insertion, de-orbit and (beginning at an altitude of 760 meters-) the final landing burn. The vehicle would carry enough propellant for hovering for 10 seconds before landing at an unprepared site, if necessary. The estimated landing accuracy of 1853 * 3700 m was not regarded as a major concern since the Gemini 6-12 flights achieved an average touchdown dispersion of only 6.85km although the capsule had essentially no maneuvering capability below 30.5km altitude. The reentry cross-range capability was about +/-370km, permitting a safe landing at El Paso, TX or Wendover Range, UT after 2-3 orbits from Cape Canaveral. Wendover was the preferred emergency landing site since SASSTO easily could have been returned from nearby Hill AFB to Cape Canaveral in a "Pregnant Guppy" S-IV-B transport aircraft.
SASSTO had a payload capability of 3,629kg to a 185km orbit and the standard payload would be a 2-man Gemini spacecraft protected by a jettisonable fairing to reduce drag losses during ascent. This would provide a safe emergency escape system for the test pilots, and the Gemini ejection seats, heatshield, parachutes etc. (1542kg in all) could later be removed as the flight test program increases confidence in SASSTO reliability. Douglas envisioned this vehicle as a "space fighter" capable of satellite inspection missions, or space station resupply flights lasting a maximum of 48 hours. It could also deliver 2,812kg of liquid hydrogen to a spacecraft in Earth orbit.
Since SASSTO was loosely based on the Saturn S-IV-B rocket stage, Douglas also proposed an expendable version for use as a more capable upper stage with the Saturn IB and Saturn V launch vehicles. The expendable SASSTO stage would have had a burnout mass of 7,400kg and carried 85,729kg of oxygen + hydrogen propellant. The stage was thus of a much more lightweight construction than the standard S-IV-B (12,949kg + 104,326kg LOX, LH₂) and the new aerospike engine would have been more efficient as well (464s specific impulse vs. 426s for the J-2 engine). Consequently, the Saturn V's payload capability would have been boosted by 8-11t as well. The Saturn IB's basic 15876-kilogram payload capability to a 185km orbit would have increased to 23814-25855kg depending on whether SASSTO would be flown in expendable or reusable mode. The latter version was known as SARRA (Saturn Application Retrieval and Rescue Apparatus) and was intended for returning stranded Apollo crews from the lunar surface.
Finally, the Douglas design team also compared the cost of SASSTO with two different all-rocket VTHL TSTOs: a winged 1st stage plus lifting-body 2nd stage (center) and winged first & second stages (right). All three vehicles were designed for a 2,812-kilogram payload although the lifting-body TSTO only was able to carry 2,086kg due to center of gravity problems. No attempt was made to estimate the marginal launch cost since there were too many unknown factors. VTVL SSTO would however be expected to yield a significant operational advantage since only a single vehicle must be maintained and the VTVL SSTO does not require a landing runway. SASSTO was expected to cost $1.1. billion to develop (=$5.88B at 1999 rates). The winged VTHL TSTO would cost 2.2 times as much to develop as SASSTO while the smaller lifting-body TSTO variant would be 50% more expensive. The winged and lifting-body 1st unit production costs would be 4 and 2.7 times higher than the SASSTO 1st unit cost, respectively. The general conclusion was that the complex winged or lifting body TSTO shapes result in added liftoff and manufactured weights of a more expensive construction than ballistic wingless SSTOs. For example, the lifting-body TSTO dry mass (12,274kg + 2,086kg payload) is 2.4 times higher, and the winged TSTO weighs 3.6 times as much (18,176kg + 2,812kg P/L) as SASSTO at touchdown. The gross liftoff weights bear the relationships of 1.0 (SASSTO; 97,887kg GLOW), 1.25 (lifting body orbiter TSTO; 122,245kg GLOW) and 1.91 (wing-body orbiter TSTO; 187,020kg GLOW). In that case, is the combination of lower reentry g-loads, better maneuverability (landing go-around with jet engines) and improved cross-range really worth the cost of carrying wings...? Although TSTO thus appears to be uncompetitive vs. ballistic single-stage RLVs for small payloads, the authors admit that requirements for higher payloads (22.68-45.6t) may yield rapid increases in propellant mass fraction for winged two-stage vehicles, making TSTO more performance/cost-effective.
Liftoff Thrust: 1,232.655KN. Total Mass: 97,976kg. Total Length: 18.8m.
Payload capability: 3,674kg to a 185km low Earth orbit.
Stage Number 1: SASSTO. 36 x plug-nozzle engines (1500psia pressure, 1:6 mixture ratio). Gross Mass: 97,976kg. Empty Mass (core vehicle only): 6,668kg. Thrust: 1,232.65-1,557.5KN. Isp=367-464s. Length:18.8m. Width: 6.6m. Propellants: LOX/slush LH₂.
Bibliography:
"Enigma of Booster Recovery - Ballistic or Winged? -- Bono, Senator & Garcia, SAE Conference Proceedings 1967/0382/ p.57”
At:
www.secretprojects.co.uk/threads/douglas-rombus.4577/#pos...
Further:
www.pmview.com/spaceodysseytwo/spacelvs/sld017.htm
Credit: PMView Pro website
Finally...possibly the best write-up of Mr. Bono's career that I’ve come across:
"Philip Bono was a renowned space engineer who was probably 30 years before his time. He was born in Brooklyn, New York on January 13, 1921. He graduated from the University of Southern California in 1947 with a B.E. degree in mechanical engineering, and served three years in the U.S. Naval Reserves.
After graduation in 1947, Mr. Bono worked as a research and systems analyst for North American Aviation. His first "tour" with Douglas Aircraft Company was from 1949 to 1951, doing structural layout and detail design. From 1951 to 1960, he worked primarily in structures design at Boeing. Between 1947 and 1949, he worked at Northrop Aircraft R&D. From 1984-1986, he was general manager of Cal-Pro Engineering Consultants doing structures integration and subsystems stress analysis. From 1966 to 1988, he again worked at Douglas Aircraft after Douglas' merger with McDonnell Aircraft where he did the majority of his advanced space design work. He pursued single-stage to orbit space launch vehicles as being simpler and cheaper than conventional launch vehicles. He then proposed to make these vehicles reusable.
Among Mr. Bono's designs were: One Stage Orbital Space Truck (OOST) Recoverable One Stage Orbital Space Truck (ROOST) Reusable Orbital Module, Booster, and Utility Shuttle (ROMBUS), Ithacus, Pegasus, Hyperion, and Saturn Application Single Stage To Orbit (SASSTO). Although his visionary designs were never actually built, his contributions pioneered the advancement of the Space Shuttle, a vertical take off & horizontal landing version of the SSTO spacecraft. From his ROOST design onwards, Bono advocated space launch vehicles without wings, usually using rocket-assisted vertical takeoff and landing (VTVL) configurations. He patented a reusable plug nozzle rocket engine that had dual use as a heat shield for atmospheric reentry. In 1965 and 1967, he obtained two patents for a Recoverable Single Stage Spacecraft Booster. In 1969, he co-authored with Kenneth Gatland "Frontiers of Space," which was published in several languages. Less than three months after Bono's death, the first McDonnell Douglas launch vehicle based on his pioneering work on VTOL, a research test vehicle the DC-X (Delta Clipper), began a largely successful series of test flights.
Among his many awards and recognitions, the Council on International Nontheatrical Events recognized Mr. Bono for his motion picture, "The Role of the Reusable Booster." His ROMBUS design was featured in the "Flight to the Moon" attraction at Disneyland in Anaheim, California in 1967. He was granted Charter Membership in the International Astronautical Academy in 1960, and acknowledgment by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics in 1963, 1965, and 1966 through 1968. He achieved Fellowship in The British Interplanetary Society in 1961, and was elected a Fellow of the Royal Aeronautical Society in 1972. His wife of 43 years, Camille, died in November 2014. His son Richard and daughter Patricia, both live in Costa Mesa, California, and daughter Kathryn Hickman lives in Livermore, California. Philip Bono died on May 23, 1993 at the age of 72 in Costa Mesa, California."
From/at:
oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/c88s4vjz/
Credit: Online Archive of California website
Hello everyone, we are looking for active good blogguers to join our official bloguers team this year! If it does interest you, please fill the online application here:
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