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Manufacturer: Wilhelm Karmann GmbH, Osnabrück - Germany / Volkswagen AG (VAG), Wolfsburg - Germany
Type: Typ 34 1500S Karmann Ghia Coupé
Production time: 1962 - 1965
Production outlet: 29,502
Production outlet: 42,505 (September 1961 - July 1969: 1500, 1500S and 1600 models)
Engine: 1493cc (HO4 OHV) four-cylinder boxer forced air-cooled
Power: 54 bhp / 4.200 rpm
Torque: 106 Nm / 2.400 rpm
Drivetrain: rear wheels
Speed: 145 km/h
Curb weight: 866 kg
Wheelbase: 94.5 inch
Chassis: central tubular frame with continuous deck, rear forked subframe and monocoque all-steel body
Steering: worm & roller with hydraulic damper
Gearbox: four-speed manual / all synchronized / floor shifter
Clutch: single dry plate disc
Carburettor: twin Solex 32 PDSIT downdraft
Fuel tank: 40 liter
Electric system: Bosch 6 Volts 77 Ah
Ignition system: distributor and coil
Brakes front: ATE hydraulic Duplex drums
Brakes rear: ATE hydraulic drums
Suspension front: independent lengthwise crank trailing arms, anti-roll bar connected to upper trailing links, crossed transverse round torsion spring rods, progressively acting rubber springs + hydraulic telescopic shock absorbers
Suspension rear: pendulum axle, double jointed CV joint trailing arms, transversely rotating torsion bars, progressively acting rubber springs + hydraulic telescopic shock absorbers
Rear axle: live swing type
Differential: spiral bevel 4.125:1
Wheels: 4½J x 15 safety rim wheels
Tires: 6.00S x 15L Bias 6-Ply tubeless
Options: Fichtel & Sachs Saxomat semi-automatic four speed transmission (an electromagnetic clutch with a centrifugal clutch used for idle), three-speed automatic transmission, Air Conditioning (USA), radio, electrically operated sliding steel sunroof
Special:
- The body, based on Typ 3 platform (VW 1500/1600) and for that called „große Karmann-Ghia“ / „big Karmann-Ghia“ in Germany, was restyled by Sergio Sartorelli from Carrozzeria Ghia SpA, Turin - Italy, but built by Karmann in Osnabrück - Germany.
- The Typ 34 was the flagship model of the entire Volkswagen line. It was the most expensive Volkswagen available (handcrafted body), the fastest, and the most luxurious (built-in fog lights, cigar lighter, electric clock, locking steering column, front & rear vent windows, variable wiper controls and luxurious interior).
- Initially, this would replace the original Type 14 Karmann Ghia, but later it was decided to assemble both types at the same time.
- Sales went bad because Type 34, nicknamed “Razor-Edge Ghia” in the UK, was almost as expensive as a Porsche 356 and it was not offered officially in the USA. But nowadays the USA has the largest number of known Typ 34’s Karmann Ghia’s left in the world (400 of the total 1,500 (officially registered) to 2,000 or so remaining.
- Currently, less than 1500 are worldwide registered at the “VW Type 34 Karmann Ghia Registry”, San Diego, California - USA.
- Production figures from Convertibles differences, but it is very likely that 12 vehicles (prototypes and zero-series) were built at Karmann in Osnabrück. Some sources mention 17 prototype units.
- Lorenz Karosserie GmbH, Wetter an der Ruhr, Northrhein Westfalen - Germany converted Coupé’s into Convertibles on customer request. There should have been about 20 Lorenz Convertibles.
I went to Milan Dragway with my wife and a few friends yesterday - it was a beautiful day for the races. I shot this particular image as a car was leaving the line - love how the grip from tire to track makes the tire wrinkle up as they accelerate.
When turned, the spiraled form of a drill bit directs energy into local shear forces causing a material to fracture in a controlled and specific way.
Excellent car!
Mercedes-Benz SL65 AMG Black Series
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6.0L V12 Biturbo produces 670 hp
1000Nm/Torque at 2200rpm
Weight 1870kg
0-100 km/h in just 3.8 seconds
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Moscow, Russia
Drops .... water with acrylic paint...
torques purple with yellow....
What you see is a collision of water drops .... one drop flying up with the help of an air pressure system ... and 3 or 4 drops falling from above. This is a system of water tanks connected to electric solenoids and compressors. The solenoid is connected to a synchronization system connected to a computer + camera + flashes. It sounds simple at first glance ... but it's quite complicated - because there are a lot of factors that need to be taken into account - such as water viscosity (this is a mixture of water with food additives to create viscosity and acrylic paints or food coloring) - flash directions - and also air pressure.
#Water_Drops_Art
Manufacturer: Volkswagen do Brasil Ltda., São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil
Type: Typ 2 T1.5 Kombi
Production time: 1963 - 1966 / 1975 (Brazil)
Production outlet: 82,798
Engine: 1584cc Volkswagen flat-4 (boxer) air-cooled by fan
Power: 50 bhp / 4.200 rpm
Torque: 108 Nm / 2.200 rpm
Drivetrain: rear wheels
Speed: 115 km/h
Curb weight: 1158 kg
Wheelbase: 94.5 inch
Chassis: ladder chassis with a self-supporting body
Steering: Ross cam & lever with rolling stud contact and hydraulic steering damper
Gearbox: four-speed manual (transaxle) / II, III and IV synchronized / floor shift
Clutch: single dry plate disc
Carburettor: reverse mounted Solex H 30 PIC downdraft
Fuel tank: 46 liter
Electric system: Bosch 12 Volts 36 Ah
Ignition system: distributor and coil
Brakes front: hydraulic drums
Brakes rear: hydraulic drums
Suspension front: single wheel independent double crank trailing arms, stabilizer bar, 2 torsion bars + hydraulic double acting telescopic shock absorbers
Suspension rear: independent trailing arms, progressive rubber stopper and 2 transverse torsion bar springs + hydraulic double acting telescopic shock absorbers
Rear axle: swing half-axle type guided on longitudinal shear struts and mounted in the frame
Differential: spiral bevel 4.125:1
Wheels: 5J x 14 drop-center type
Tires: 5.90 - 14
Options: fog lamps, cigarette lighter, roof rack
Special:
* Brazilian import
- While visiting the VW factory in 1947, Dutch car importer Ben Pon came up wîth the idea for the Bus (drawn on the back of his cigar box ☺) as we know it today.
- Officially launched on November 12, 1949, the Transporter line did not go on sale to the general public until March 1950. The Typ 2 T1a were among the first “forward control” vans in which the driver was placed above the front roadwheels.
- At first the T1a was only produced in the Wolfsburg plant, but from March 8, 1956 in a new plant in Hanover (VW-Werk Hannover).
- Versions created until 1955 were known as the T1a. These versions are often called the 'Barndoor' versions due to their large rear engine cover.
- The T1b were produced from 1955 through 1963. These versions had a smaller engine cover and smaller, 15-inch wheels.
- The T1c was introduced in 1963 and produced until 1967. The Panel Van production stopped in 1966. These versions had a wider rear door.
- German production stopped after the 1967 model year; however, the T1 still was made in São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil until 1975.
- The varieties were huge: Panel Van, Transporter, Camper, Delivery Van, Kombi, Microbus, Pick-Up, Ambulance, Ladder Truck, Police Vans, Buses etc.
- The T1 was very popular in the USA (Hippie Bus☺): by 1964 it was accounting for over 63% of all import vehicle sales.
Ciudad Encantada, Cuenca, Castilla-La Mancha, España.
La Ciudad Encantada es un paraje natural español de formaciones rocosas calcáreas o calizas formadas a lo largo de miles de años. Se localiza cerca de Valdecabras, en el término municipal de Cuenca (España), en una amplia zona de pinares de la parte meridional de la serranía conquense y a una altitud de 1500 metros.
Fue declarada Sitio Natural de Interés Nacional el 11 de junio de 1929. La acción del agua, el viento y el hielo ha hecho posible este fenómeno kárstico. La heterogeneidad de las rocas en cuanto a su morfología, composición química y grado de dureza es lo que ha permitido el desgaste desigual de las mismas por los elementos atmosféricos, dando como resultado una muestra sorprendente de arte pintoresco proveniente de la misma naturaleza. A las caprichosas y espectaculares formaciones existentes hay que sumar lapiaces, torcas y sumideros.
Comparte estas características especialmente con "Los Callejones", paraje ubicado en el término municipal de Las Majadas. Ambos lugares forman parte del parque natural Serranía de Cuenca, creado mediante la Ley de la Comunidad Autónoma de Castilla-La Mancha 5/2007.
The Enchanted City is a Spanish natural area of calcareous or limestone rock formations formed over thousands of years. It is located near Valdecabras, in the municipality of Cuenca (Spain), in a wide area of pine forests in the southern part of the Cuenca mountains and at an altitude of 1,500 meters.
It was declared a Natural Site of National Interest on June 11, 1929. The action of water, wind and ice has made this karstic phenomenon possible. The heterogeneity of the rocks in terms of their morphology, chemical composition and degree of hardness is what has allowed their uneven wear by atmospheric elements, resulting in a surprising sample of picturesque art from nature itself. To the whimsical and spectacular existing formations we must add lapiaces, torques and sinkholes.
It shares these characteristics especially with "Los Callejones", a place located in the municipality of Las Majadas. Both places are part of the Serranía de Cuenca Natural Park, created by the Law of the Autonomous Community of Castilla-La Mancha 5/2007.
Manufacturer: Van Doorne's Automobielfabriek N.V. (DAF), Eindhoven – The Netherlands
Type: Daffodil 32FL Coach
Production time: October 1965 - September 1967
Production outlet: 53,674
Engine: 746cc 2 cylinder (in-line) boxer engine OHV (I-head) air-cooled / vacuum overdrive and engine brake
Power: 27 bhp / 4.000 rpm
Torque: 53 Nm / 2.800 rpm
Drivetrain: rear wheels
Speed: 104 km/h
Curb weight: 690 kg
Wheelbase: 81 inch
Chassis: integral frame with all-steel integral self-supporting A-body
Steering: rack & pinion
Gearbox: continuously variable transmission (CVT) stepless V-belt drive with kickdown / floor shift
Clutch: not applicable (automatic two-stage centrifugal clutch in drum)
Carburettor: Solex 34 PICS
Fuel tank: 33 liter
Electric system: 6 Volts 80 Ah
Ignition system: distributor and coil
Brakes front: hydraulic drums
Brakes rear: hydraulic drums
Suspension front: independent vertical guide tubes, lower transverse leaf springs + telescopic built-in Koni shock absorbers
Suspension rear: independent triangular trailing arm, pendulum axle with in rubber mounted coil springs + hydraulic telescopic Woodhead- Monroe shock absorbers
Rear axle: commute
Differential: V-belt drive MaxiGrip
Wheels: 13 inch disc
Tires: 145-330
Options: fog lamps (front and rear)
Special:
- The 32 is basically an improved 600/32 with a bigger and more powerful engine and was redesigned by Johan van der Brugghen (W. van den Brink designed it original in 1955).
- The body was re-styled by Giovanni Michelotti.
- DAF was the first car to have a Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) system - the innovative DAF Variomatic: a continuously variable gearbox transmission with an automatic two-stage centrifugal clutch in drum (with "het pientere pookje" - "the smart gear stick").
- An interesting feature: putting the car in reverse reversed the entire drive system. This enabled the vehicle, in theory, to reach the same top speed in reverse as forward.
- Advantage: it was the only small, affordable car with automatic transmission.
- Disadvantage: because the car had an unsportsmanlike image, it had often an "image" for the elderly or disabled people.
- The Series 32 was available as this 2-door Coach, as 2-door Panel Van, as 2-door Estate Wagon and as 2-door Pick-Up.
- They were only assembled in Eindhoven - The Netherlands.
Ciudad Encantada, Cuenca, Castilla-La Mancha, España.
La Ciudad Encantada es un paraje natural español de formaciones rocosas calcáreas o calizas formadas a lo largo de miles de años. Se localiza cerca de Valdecabras, en el término municipal de Cuenca (España), en una amplia zona de pinares de la parte meridional de la serranía conquense y a una altitud de 1500 metros.
Fue declarada Sitio Natural de Interés Nacional el 11 de junio de 1929. La acción del agua, el viento y el hielo ha hecho posible este fenómeno kárstico. La heterogeneidad de las rocas en cuanto a su morfología, composición química y grado de dureza es lo que ha permitido el desgaste desigual de las mismas por los elementos atmosféricos, dando como resultado una muestra sorprendente de arte pintoresco proveniente de la misma naturaleza. A las caprichosas y espectaculares formaciones existentes hay que sumar lapiaces, torcas y sumideros.
Comparte estas características especialmente con "Los Callejones", paraje ubicado en el término municipal de Las Majadas. Ambos lugares forman parte del parque natural Serranía de Cuenca, creado mediante la Ley de la Comunidad Autónoma de Castilla-La Mancha 5/2007.
The Enchanted City is a Spanish natural area of calcareous or limestone rock formations formed over thousands of years. It is located near Valdecabras, in the municipality of Cuenca (Spain), in a wide area of pine forests in the southern part of the Cuenca mountains and at an altitude of 1,500 meters.
It was declared a Natural Site of National Interest on June 11, 1929. The action of water, wind and ice has made this karstic phenomenon possible. The heterogeneity of the rocks in terms of their morphology, chemical composition and degree of hardness is what has allowed their uneven wear by atmospheric elements, resulting in a surprising sample of picturesque art from nature itself. To the whimsical and spectacular existing formations we must add lapiaces, torques and sinkholes.
It shares these characteristics especially with "Los Callejones", a place located in the municipality of Las Majadas. Both places are part of the Serranía de Cuenca Natural Park, created by the Law of the Autonomous Community of Castilla-La Mancha 5/2007.
Another young dreadnok prospect, Torque fits right with the gang, with the exception of his love for speed bikes, which they often mock him for.
Now I'm on bit of a dreadnok kick again.
Hastings-Sunrise, Vancouver, British Columbia
The Chevrolet El Camino is a coupé utility vehicle that was produced by Chevrolet between 1959–60 and 1964–1987. Unlike a standard pickup truck, the El Camino was adapted from the standard two-door Chevrolet station wagon platform and integrated the cab and cargo bed into the body.
The 1982 (through the final 1987) El Camino sported a new frontal appearance with a crosshatch grille flanked by quad rectangular headlights. New under the hood for 1982 was a 105 hp (78 kW) 5.7-liter (350-cubic-inch) Diesel V8, which was also offered in Chevrolet's full-size cars. Though mileage with the diesel was commendable, it was an expensive option and would eventually amass a dismal repair record. Gasoline-engine choices were unchanged, except Chevrolet's 229-cubic-inch (3.8-liter) V6 was now standard in California-bound cars, replacing Buick's 231-cubic-inch V6.
Optional engines were the 267-cubic-inch V8 with 115 hp (86 kW) and The 305-cubic-inch V8, now with 150 hp (112 kW). The three-speed automatic added a lock-up torque converter to aid highway mileage.
The Hamar (or Hamer) is a catlle herder tribe which lives on the Eastern side of the Omo Valley in Southern Ethiopia. Honey collection is their major activity and their cattle is the meaning of their life. There are at least 27 words for the subtle variations of colours and textures of a cattle ! And each man has three names: a human, a goat and a cow name.
The Hamar have very unique rituals such as a bull-leaping ceremony, that a young men has to succeed in order to get married. The cow jumping is an initiation rite of passage for boys coming of age in Hamar tribe. Cows are lined up in a row. The initiate, naked, has to leap on the back of the first cow, then from one bull to another, until he finally reaches the end of the row. He must not fall of the row and must repeat successfully the test four times to have the right to become a husband. While the boys walk on cows, Hamar women accompany him: they jump and sing. Totally committed to their initiated sons, the mothers are whipped to blood, in order to prove their courage and accompany their sons during the test.
The Hamar are very preoccupied with their beauty. They have at times spectular haidresses.
Men use a wooden head rest which prevents the hair from touching the ground. You can see them walking with it everywhere ! It is used as head rest to protect the clay wig that some do on the top of the head, but it is also usefulas a seat ! Even if there is a chair close to them, they prefer to use the head rest !
Women know many ways to do their hair. The most famous hair style is when their hair is in short tufts rolled in ochre and fat or in long twisted strands. These coppery coloured strands are called "goscha", it's a sign of health and welfare.
They also wear bead necklaces, iron bracelets around their arms, and decorate their breast with lots of cowry shells, like a natural bra.
Around married women's necks, you can see "esente": torques made of iron wrapped in leather. These are engagement presents; they are worn for life and indicate their husband's wealth. One of the necklaces catch more especially the attention: it is called the "bignere". It's also an iron and leather ring, which has a phallic-shape end. But this jewelry can only be worn by a man's first wife.
I remember a woman I have met. On her neck, there were three necklaces. According to what I just explained about the bignere, the biggest one at the top means she was "First Wife". This is important, as her statut is the higher one in Hamer society. But as she has two more simple necklaces around her neck: that means her husband took two more wives... The Hamar women who are not first wife have a really hard life and they are more slaves than wives... During my trip, I could see some of these women, working like slaves for the men: their skin were covered with clay, butter and animal fat... So they were a little scary ! Another thing to know about these women: the more scars one has on her back, the higher is her status.
The young unmarried girls, for their part, wear a kind of oval shape plate, in metal. It is used like a sunshield, but it tends to be rare in the tribe. Some of them have fund their future husband, but have to wait in their house until the so-called prentender can provide all the money for the ceremony: he has to pay for all the cows the bride-to-be's family asks for. These girls are called "Uta" and have to wait three months, entirely covered with red clay... And no right to take baths or showers ! They cannot go out of the house, let alone the village.That's why it is very rare to see or take a photo of a Uta. A cruel tradition still has currency for some Hamar: unmarried women can have babies to test their fertility, but some of them are just abandonned in the bush. This tradition tends to disapear but NGO still save abandonned new borns. Abandonments are all the more frequent than some Hamar believe that a child born out of formal marriages has "mingi", as to say something abnormal and unclean. For them, it is the expression of the devil, which may cause disasters such as epidemics or drought in the village. So, illegitimate children are abandoned. This kind of beliefs can also be observed in other Ethiopan tribes: many parents prefer to sacrifice their own child rather than risk being affected by the evil eye.
Something left me a really strong impression in Africa: football is of the highest importance, even in the most remote places !
I remember a boy, who was living several days-walk from the Turmi market. But as most of the young Hamar, he came there to watch football on television ! This guy was wearing a Chelsea tee-shirt, but still had to jump over ten bulls to be able to marry a girl in his tribe: a real culture shock! They are all really into Chelsea, Arsenal... such as many Ethiopians, who are just crazy about English football, because the national TV brodcasts every single match ! So, while I was in deep South Ethiopia, I still could ask “did Arsenal win?”, and always had an accurate answer: the score, the name of the scorers, etc...Strange, but true ! Meantime, the world economic crisis was at its high ! Even if you do not speak their language, you can exchange with those guys with few words like “Ribery, Thierry Henry, Drogba", etc. ! Of course, all the tribes do not go into this village, and only the ones who are not too far have this passion.
Other special feature in these tribes: their relation to the photos. I remember a day, in a restaurant in Dimeka -not to say the only one around there. I made a polaroid of a Hamar couple. The man was angry because, as he said, "the colors were not good" ; he threw the picture away. But the lady finally let him go, and took the picture with her ! It' was not the first time those people, from remote areas, do not have any pictures of themselves and so are very demanding about the quality of the picture they are on! For instance, the Mursi do not understand why the picture do not have their own real size !
Besides, it is not so easy to get smiles in this area. First, because people work really hard and second, because it is very difficult to share anything with them as we are seen as walking wallet with cameras !
© Eric Lafforgue