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This is the reality of my life. Rheumatoid Arthritis. I've been diagnosed with it for about 5 years now. It was the second autoimmune disease that was discovered (the first being Hasimoto's Disease of the thyroid). They don't really know what triggers RA, all they've told me is that it's there in your DNA and something kickstarts it, like a bad cold. I do remember getting a really bad flu while I was living in the UK about a year before I noticed everything start, so maybe that was it. All I know is that my body hates me. My immune system doesn't function the way it should, it attacks my body because it can't distinguish between what's "me" and what's foreign - as far as my blood cells are concerned they're fighting the good fight, preventing my body from getting sick, but boy do they have it wrong!
At first I was half convinced they'd diagnosed me wrong, I barely had any symptoms, and then when things became apparent it was well managed by medications as it'd been caught early on.
But it seems my body too readily adjusts with medications. What was once effective suddenly doesn't cut the mustard anymore. When I left for my lengthy holiday in Canada I was feeling the best I had in years, but during the duration of my stay everything reversed itself. I wasn't getting the specialist treatment I needed and things got out of control. And it was certainly a shock to the system I can tell you. There were days that it was agony to get out of bed and put my feet on the floor. I just couldn't stand up. Getting up from a seat would take me numerous attempts and lots of psyching myself up, dependent on armrests to pull myself up. I was having trouble with everyday activities. Getting dressed and brushing my hair was sometimes a chore. I'd have to take stairs one at a time. Forget about going faster than a snail's pace when walking. Opening a jar? Forget it!
All those little things that people take for granted. And I hated having to ask people to help me. I tried to hide it from people as much as I could, didn't want them to know the extent of how bad things were. I hated feeling like a cripple and being dependent on someone else. I hated not being able to join in fun things that other people would organise. Even now I'm amazed at the support and patience of my ex-boyfriend as he helped me through this time when I was away from home and not sure how to cope with it all, even though I tried to hide it as much as possible from him too because I didn't want him to get frustrated with me.
It took me over a year of specialist 'attention' to get to the stage where I could even think about starting to work again once I arrived back home in Australia. I say attention loosely as I'd only ever see the specialist once every 3 months or so as she monitored my progress with different medications - hmmm, that one isn't doing what we'd like it to, so let's gradually take you off that and start you on this and see how we go.... that one doesn't work? Making you feel sick with all the side effects? Ok, we'll put you on this one, but before you can start that you'll need to go on a trial of this drug and see if you meet the requirements necessary to start this particular treatment.
But finally we've found something that's doing the best of them so far. Things still aren't 100%, and there's all the inevitable side effects to deal with, but it's a very far cry from where I started! I can now bend my knees and have a full grip (before i could only half close my fist because the swelling on my joints was so very bad), i can move without pain and the swelling has gone down. My energy levels might still wax and wane, but I can actually go out and do things and not get too tired and sore and don't need to spend the next day suffering from my 'excess'.
But it's a bit of a love/hate relationship with the medication that allows me this new freedom. I expect that diabetics are in much the same boat. Injections. And I HATE NEEDLES!!!! It's only once a fortnight, but I face the day of the injection with much dread. My father was talking to a friend that's a diabetic and he said that as it's a daily ritual for him he's completely used to it and can do it in a flash, but he felt that if he was in my situation when there is as long a break inbetween doses he'd be as traumatised as I feel. It's self-administered, but ever since the first time I did it and almost blacked out I always make sure that someone's there with me when I do it. In the end that person (my father) has become the person to push the needle because he was getting too frustrated with me psyching myself up to do it! The button to press to inject the med is quite stiff, and each time I'd pace my breathing and press down on it I'd find out that I didn't actually manage to do it and would have to start the whole process again. Call me a coward, but as I said I HATE needles, and the anticipation of the pain is just as bad as the pain itself!
But this is pretty much the story of my life from here on in. RA is for life. It's just a matter of managing it and not allowing it to progress and cause disfigurement. So far I've been lucky on that score, although my joints have little 'nibbles' in them that will never heal. I've heard various reports in the papers about Australian and UK research that says they've found a cure, but I'll believe that when I see it! I personally would be surprised if the pharmaceutical companies would allow such a thing to go on sale when they can make so much money on drugs to manage the disease. And trust me, there's a LOT of money in managing this condition! You'd be shocked how much just a single injection costs!
But still I'll live in hope that one day I won't need to do these hated injections ever again!
Taken two days after surgery. This doctor used stitches instead of staples. The scar is slightly smaller and a lot more comfortable.
Surgery took about 3 1/2 hours because my thyroid was very goitered and entangled in my neck. I also had a cyst that was growing on my esophagus. The Pathology report hasn't come back on the cyst results, but it's expected to be benign.
I have low thyroid,so my doctor put me on thyroid hormones. If you've experieced that,then you know you can gain weight,and be very tired till the meds kick in. I kept wondering why I was gaining weight when I was eating the same as usual.
I felt like Miss Hippo here !
In March 1979, an accident at the Three Mile Island nuclear facility near Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, led FDA to arrange emergency provisions of potassium iodide for one million residents to block thyroid uptake in the event of accidental release of radioactive iodine. The medicine never had to be used.
For more information about FDA history visit www.fda.gov/AboutFDA/WhatWeDo/History/default.htm
By thyroid and kidney problems, loss of "here Kelev", Tama didn't wanted and couldn't fight anymore. We miss our beautiful girl. We lost within one month our Kelev and Tama ... So proud and honored we had them both.
cross section: human pancreas
magnification: 100x by phase contrast
hematoxylin eosin stain
Technical Questions:bioimagesoer@gmail.com
cross section: human pancreas
magnification: 100x by phase contrast
hematoxylin eosin stain
Technical Questions:bioimagesoer@gmail.com
Tattoos and external piercings (earrings, nipple rings, clitoral barbells, etc) are for wimpy pussies. I invented this new path to REAL BADASSERY out of need. Internal piercings will soon become the rage. I set trends and now I’ve redefined Bad Ass for a new fearless generation. As soon as my underground surgeon get’s back in town, I’m getting a massive five-pronged multi-headed platinum barbell with titanium rivets internally stapled to connect the two pyramidal lobes of my thyroid gland. See below how it will kinda look. I can fondle it & squeeze extra hormonal juices into my blood stream. And the ladies love it!
cross section: human pancreas
magnification: 100x by phase contrast
hematoxylin eosin stain
Technical Questions:bioimagesoer@gmail.com
Well differentiated follicular thyroid carcinoma.The cells lining the follicles do not exhibit any features that are usually associated with malignancy.
H&E
Image contributed by Grace C. H. Yang, MD, Papanicolaou Cytology Laboratory, New York Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medical Center
See topic: www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/thyroidpapillary.html
Microscopic photo showing tumor cells from a fine needle aspiration cytology smear. Tumor cells exhibit nuclear features of papillary thyroid carcinoma, including indentation of nuclear envelope, deep nuclear groove, ground-glass (optically cleared or “Orphan Annie eye”) appearance of chromatin, and intranuclear cytoplasmic pseudoinclusions. Papanicolaou's stain. 100X Oil. Jian-Hua Qiao, MD, FCAP, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Laura is very tired and ready to go the doctor to check out her thyroid levels. Suspect a problem with hypothyroid stuff
When hypothyroidism commences, a number of factors take place, ordinarily little by little. The very first is lack of energy and ambition. You just look to get rid of drive for activities you’ve enjoyed in the earlier. You experience unusually tired and apathetic, but are unable to...
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If the natural flow of your everyday life is as fragmented as this beauty's...
If you can't get out of the roller coaster loop of moods, lack of energy, chronic fatigue, exhaustion, non-focal pain, digestive system problems and even cognitive confusion?
Maybe you also suffer from a problem with thyroid function, hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism.
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אם אתם לא מצליחים לצאת מהלופ של רכבת ההרים במצבי הרוח, חוסר אנרגיה עייפות כרונית, תשישות, כאבים לא מוקדים, בעיות במערכת העיכול ואפילו בלבלולים קוגניטיביים?
אולי גם אתם סובלים מבעייה בתפקוד בלוטת התריס, פעילות יתר של בלוטת התריס או תת פעילות בלוטת התריס.
29-year-old female with untreated hyperthyroidism, goiter, and dysphagia. The gross thyroidectomy specimen weighed 132 g.
The thyroid is an important endocrine gland. It sits with its butterfly shape on the anterior neck region, lying on the larynx and trachea midway between the thyroid cartilage and the suprasternal notch, at the level of C5-T1 vertebrae. Thyroid is affected primarily by disease conditions which are variously classified and are not uncommon worldwide. They could lead to enlargement of the thyroid gland thereby earning the designation “goiter”. Globally, iodine deficiency has been identified as a major cause of goiter. This was a descriptive retrospective study of consecutive cases of thyroid specimen analyzed at the Histopathology Department of the Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria, between January 2008 and December 2017. The aim of this work is to study thyroid disorders histologically, relating these findings to age and sex, and comparing same with previous reports.
The Hospital’s Medical records and the Histopathology Departments served as sources for extraction of patient’s data which included age, sex, and histological diagnosis. Archival slides were reviewed to confirm the diagnosis of the thyroid lesion.
Three hundred and eleven (311) cases of thyroid disease were diagnosed histologically at the Jos University Teaching Hospital during the study period. These lesions were broadly classified into developmental anomalies, hyperplasias, immune/inflammatory diseases, and neoplasm. They accounted for 1.9% (6 cases), 81.3% (253 cases), 3.9% (12 cases), and 12.9% (40 cases) of all cases respectively. The age range of the study population was 1 year to 70 years, with a mean age of 41.2±12.0 SD, and peak incidence at 30 years to 39 years. There were 25 males and 286 females making a male female (M/F) ratio of 1:10.2.
Thyroid disorders are essentially a female disease in our environment occurring commonly in the third and fourth decade of life.
Author(s) Details
Dr. Innocent Emmanuel
Department of Histopathology, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria.
Dr. Mansur Aliyu Ramalan
Department of Internal Medicine, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria.
Dr. Ochigbo J. Adam
Department of Histopathology, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria.
Dr. Akpa Philip
Department of Histopathology, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria.
Dr. Mandong Jagshak
Federal Medical Center, Keffi, Nigeria.
Prof. Barnabas Mafala Mandong
Department of Histopathology, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria.
Read full article: bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/view/59/641/521-1
View More: www.youtube.com/watch?v=V2wsz9qHMRM
This is an unusual variant of follicular neoplasm of the thyroid gland. It has been described in follicular adenomas, however, this lesion did show destructive capsular invasion.
Extramediastinal (ectopic) thymomas are rare and may occur in the neck, trachea, thyroid, lung and pleura. This case is an example of a pleural based thymoma.
A higher magnification view of one of the pale staining areas shows bland appearing, round and spindle cells intermixed with lymphocytes.
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It is helpful to understand the science of hormones. When it comes to hormones in both men and women, there’s a lot that can go awry. Your body is made up of some very complex systems, not the least of which is your endocrine system. The hypothalamus and pituitary glands are like finely tuned command centers running your pancreas, adrenal glands, thyroid, and other organs–hopefully like clockwork.
The Science of Hormones
These systems rely on a complex feedback loop, known as the hormonal axes. Hormone levels inform sections of the brain and glands how to regulate functions in the body. This feedback loop allows interactions to take place between your hypothalamus, your pituitary gland, and your adrenal glands. Known as the neuroendocrine system, this feedback loop controls reactions to stress, bodily functions like digestion, the immune system, and even moods and sexual desire which begin in the brain. Keeping your body’s hormonal balance keeps this system, and everything it controls, operating at peak efficiency.
Testosterone
While both men and women have some of this hormone, Testosterone is what produces the characteristics that make someone distinctly male. It works in men’s bodies, along with other hormones, to feed your energy levels, calibrate your moods, and trigger your desire for, and your ability to have, sex. Low t levels can disrupt these processes and spoil your quality of life.
More and more Dr. Berman is seeing patients who are overly fatigued, depressed, physically weak, and overweight. These are very common symptoms of Low Testosterone. A drop in T count can occur at any time, not just in mid-life or during old age. Male hormone imbalances can be brought by stress, acute illness, poor nutrition and a host of other conditions. Testosterone therapy is the jumpstart men can take advantage of to make important changes in lifestyle that will restore their vitality, quality of life and health.
DHEA
DHEA is an important adrenal hormone that balances the effect of stress hormone Cortisol and is important for the immune system as an anabolic hormone. Produced by the adrenal gland. DHEA supports the body as it produces other hormones, including Testosterone and estrogen. DHEA also begins to diminish as we age, which in turn impacts your body’s ability to produce Testosterone. Most patients with low levels of DHEA will also have low levels of Testosterone.
Some therapeutic practitioners believe that DHEA is a necessary component of overall hormone balance. Medical research does not back up this claim. All the same, Dr. Berman does insist on closely monitoring DHEA levels in his patients, to ensure that there is an optimal balance of all hormones involved in the endocrine system, especially Testosterone, which drives so many important functions.
Cortisol
Cortisol is a catabolic hormone, which means it contributes to the breakdown processes, such as the breakdown of muscle tissue during exercise. Testosterone is an accelerator, helping to promote muscle mass. When these two opposite effect hormones are out of balance, there can be trouble.
Cortisol is what the body uses to convert protein into sugar and provide energy during fight or flight responses to stress. However, too much cortisol suppresses our immune system and creates inflammation. This not only does us a disservice in a fight or flight scenario, but it can also cause serious health concerns.
Estradiol
Another important process that takes places in the endocrine system is turning of Testosterone into estrogen. Both men and women’s bodies convert Testosterone to estrogen, but in different amounts, with men’s bodies converting about 10% of their Testosterone to estrogen when they are in good health.
There is an aromatase enzyme, which carefully controls the balance between Testosterone and estrogen. As men age, the aromatase enzyme activity increases and more Testosterone is converted to estrogen. This means t levels can get depleted even more.
Thyroid
Studies show a correlation between thyroid function and Testosterone levels, with both needed to effectively regulate the same processes in the body. Thyroid hormones rely on Testosterone to do the work of protein synthesis, a very complex process that takes place at a cellular level to build proteins. This supports the build-up of muscle mass and can regulate the metabolism of fat.
A low level of Testosterone can impact muscle growth and unnecessary weight gain. Testosterone therapy may be an effective treatment, but, first one must determine that the thyroid and is functioning as it should. If not, hormone replacement therapy can help, but only under the supervision of a licensed, experienced physician like Dr. Berman.
Melatonin
Melatonin hormones are produced by the pineal gland. Melatonin levels regulate sleep and wakefulness. We all have an internal clock, called the circadian rhythm. This clock tells us when it is time to sleep, wake up, and it regulates our body, including our blood pressure and temperature as it prepares for cooler seasons. Research indicates that it may also play a role in inhibiting cancer cell growth. As you might expect, this hormone is released largely at night. Because hormones play such an important part in regulating sleep patterns, low levels, especially low levels of melatonin, are critical to analyzing when looking at your overall hormone health profile.
This article first appeared on the website of Dr. Berman:
drmikhailberman.com/the-science/
Testosterone Clinic: Dr. Mikhail Berman
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