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Copper skull from the Precambrian of Michigan, USA. (public display, Seaman Mineral Museum, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan, USA)
A mineral is a naturally-occurring, solid, inorganic, crystalline substance having a fairly definite chemical composition and having fairly definite physical properties. At its simplest, a mineral is a naturally-occurring solid chemical. Currently, there are about 6000 named and described minerals - about 200 of them are common and about 20 of them are very common. Mineral classification is based on anion chemistry. Major categories of minerals are: elements, sulfides, oxides, halides, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates, and silicates.
Elements are fundamental substances of matter - matter that is composed of the same types of atoms. At present, 118 elements are known (four of them are still unnamed). Of these, 98 occur naturally on Earth (hydrogen to californium). Most of these occur in rocks & minerals, although some occur in very small, trace amounts. Only some elements occur in their native elemental state as minerals.
To find a native element in nature, it must be relatively non-reactive and there must be some concentration process. Metallic, semimetallic (metalloid), and nonmetallic elements are known in their native state as minerals.
Copper is the only metallic element that has a "reddish" color - it’s actually a metallic orange color. Most metallic elements, apart from gold & copper, are silvery-gray colored. Copper tends to form sharp-edged, irregular, twisted masses of moderately high density. It is moderately soft, but is extremely difficult to break. It has no cleavage and has a distinctive hackly fracture.
The copper skull shown above comes from northern Michigan's Portage Lake Volcanic Series, an extremely thick, Precambrian-aged, flood-basalt deposit that fills up an ancient continental rift valley. This rift valley, analogous to the present-day East African Rift Valley, extends from Kansas to Minnesota to the Lake Superior area to southern Michigan. Unlike many flood basalts (e.g., Deccan Traps, Siberian Traps, Columbia River), the Portage Lake only filled up the rift valley. The unit is exposed throughout Michigan’s Keweenaw Peninsula, in the vicinity of the towns of Houghton & Hancock.
The Portage Lake succession thickens northward through the Keweenaw, up to >5.5 km worth of section in places. The dominant rock type is basalt - vesicular basalts, for the most part. Most of the original vesicles (gas bubbles) have since been filled up with a wide variety of different minerals. A vesicular basalt that has had its vesicles filled up with minerals is called an amygdaloidal basalt (try saying that five times quickly). Keweenaw amygdaloidal basalts have long had significant economic importance because native copper (Cu) is one of the more common vesicle-filling and fracture-filling minerals.
Interbeds of conglomerate also occur in the Portage Lake Volcanic Series. During times of volcanic quiescence, erosion of the uplands adjacent to ancient rift valley produced an abundance of coarse-grained, poorly sorted gravel, dominated by volcanic clasts. These sediments were deposited in the rift valley between basaltic lava flows. In these conglomerate beds, native copper occurs as intergranular cement and as coatings around large clasts (pebbles and cobbles). With the clast removed, the copper coatings form shells, or "copper skulls". Northern Michigan is apparently the only place on Earth where skull copper occurs.
Copper mineralization occurred during the late Mesoproterozoic, at 1.05 to 1.06 billion years ago. The Portage Lake host rocks (basalts and interbedded conglomerates) are 1.093 to 1.097 billion years old.
Locality: Calumet and Hecla Mine, Calumet, Houghton County, Upper Peninsula of Michigan, USA
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Photo gallery of copper:
Reinterpretations and interrelated contexts create new modalities of perception and understanding, leading to the rediscovery of the self and human commonalities beyond local realities and globalized stereotypes. Transcending simple technological transfer – or re-mediation – transmediation entails the reinvention of a previously created artwork in order to produce a new work that is still the same work. Through the process of redefining the artwork’s material and conceptual elements in response to the opportunities and constraints of new technology, transmediation serves as a translation process that sees the new medium into which the artwork is being transferred as an entirely new space that requires alterations – at times drastically different from its original version – in the aesthetic conceptualizations of the artwork as well as its material manifestation.
This approach informed the curatorial framework of the exhibition Dislocations; curated by Lanfranco Aceti and presented in conjunction with ISEA2011, the 12th Istanbul Biennial and the Museum of Contemporary Art (MSU) in Zagreb, Croatia. Dislocations featured the work of Charles Csuri, David Cotterrell, Danielle Roney and Jeff Conefry, Mathias Fuchs and Songül Boyraz.
The artworks were presented on the media facade of the MSU on a weekly basis to coincide with the biennial program. By being presented across the Internet and publicized in the biennial’s press package, the exhibition was simultaneously linked to and disjointed from the events taking place in Istanbul. Conceived as part of a larger curatorial concept – the dislocation and re-allocation of artworks as part of locus focused biennials – Dislocations responded to a globalized perspective of new-media frameworks of participations under meta-umbrella events.
The main feature of this exhibition was the world premiere of a new transmediated version of digital pioneer Charles Csuri ‘s celebrated work Random War (1967). Arguably one of the most important works of the twentieth century, Random War stands at the convergence of Csuri’s formative computer art practice and the social upheaval centered upon the Vietnam War in the late 1960s. Executed using a mainframe computer, pressing keys, punch cards and drum plotters, Csuri’s drawing captures the chaos of the battlefield by using a random number generator to locate the iconic motif of the “little green army man” on the the printed page. Above this chaotic scene of absurdly rotated and overlapping figures, the artist listed the names of various Ohio State University administrators and faculty staff, along with famous people (including future presidents Gerald Ford and Ronald Reagan) under the headings of Dead, Wounded, Missing and Survivors.
While representative of themes that would continue to shape and define Charles Csuri’s art (such as object transformation, randomness and hierarchical levels of control), Random War stands simultaneously as an enduring testimonial and prescient reminder of the ‘creative partnership’ formed between artist and computer.
(Note: Selected extracts from Lanfranco Aceti, ‘Dislocations: Questions of War, Place, Trauma and Context in the Transmediations of Art on Public Giant Screens’ have been reworked as part of this introduction, while art historical and biographic details have been drawn from The Charles A. Csuri Project [csuriproject.osu.edu/].)
Vince Dziekan
Digital Media Curator, Leonardo Electronic Almanac
Senior Curators:
Lanfranco Aceti
Director and Senior Curator, Kasa Gallery, Sabanci University
Christiane Paul
Curator of New Media Arts at the Whitney Museum of American Art
Featured Artist and collaborators:
Charles A. Csuri is best known for pioneering the field of computer graphics, computer animation and digital fine art. His experimentation with computer graphics technology began in 1964. A year later he began creating computer-animated films, and in 1967 he was awarded the prize for animation at the 4th International Experimental Film Festival in Brussels, Belgium. His work featured in the benchmark exhibition Cybernetic Serendipity held at The Institute for Contemporary Art, London, England, in 1968. As testimony to the importance of his work in the emerging field of electronic media arts, he has exhibited in the 42nd Venice Biennale (1986) and been awarded Ars Electronica prizes in 1989 and 1990. Csuri was the recipient of The Distinguished Artist Award for Lifetime Achievement in Digital Art from SIGGRAPH in 2011.
Csuri is widely recognized as the father of digital art (Smithsonian Magazine), pioneer of computer animation (Museum of Modern Art) and as the first artist to receive funding from the National Science Foundation (NSF). He founded the Computer Graphics Research Group (CGRG), the Ohio Super Computer Graphics Project, and the Advanced Computing Center for Art and Design (ACCAD). In 2000, he received both the Governor’s Award and The Ohio State University Sullivant Award in acknowledgment of his lifetime achievements in the fields of digital art and computer animation.
CURATORS’ NOTE
The first two images presented in this exhibition are drawn from the The Charles A. Csuri Project database, an online resource that documents and historically contextualizes the art, writings and major life events of pioneering computer artist Charles Csuri, from 1945 to the present. [csuriproject.osu.edu/]
The project was established in 199 by The Ohio State University (OSU), in order to preserve, organize and publicly disseminate a digital record of the pioneering role of computer artist and Ohio State Emeritus Professor Charles A. Csuri in the field of computer graphics. The images and animations included in the database document both traditional and computer art from 1945 to present along with works created by his students, particularly those associated with the Computer Graphics Research Group (CGRG) and Cranston/Csuri Productions, Inc. (CCP). Textual information is based on original research and extensive interviews with the artist and his colleagues, and continues to be updated and expanded. The Csuri Project at OSU is supported by the Advanced Computing Center for the Arts and Design (ACCAD) and the College of the Arts, and is housed at ACCAD.
LEA International Curatoriate
Lanfranco Aceti, Christiane Paul & Vince Dziekan
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The International Colloquium Cities in the age of technological reproducibility. Digital Culture - Architecture and Identity took place at ISCTE-IUL B2.04 auditorium on may 9th of 2017.
Programa
17h | Abertura
Nuno Guimarães, ISTAR-IUL, ISCTE-IUL
Pedro Costa, Dinamia’CET, ISCTE-IUL
17h 15 | Introdução
Paulo Tormenta Pinto, Dinamia’CET, ISCTE-IUL
Alexandra Paio, ISTAR-IUL, VFABLAB-IUL, ISCTE-IUL
17h 30 | Keynote speaker
Mark burry, Univ. of Melbourne
19h 30 | Talks
José Pedro Sousa, DFL, Fac. Arquitetura.Univ.Porto
João ROCHA, Dept. Arquitectura. Univ.Évora Spaceworkers, Porto
Campos Costa arquitetos, Lisboa
Vienna Technical Museum
(centered logo TMW)
Location Vienna
Art Museum of Technology
Architect Emil von Förster (preliminary draft), Hans Schneider
Opening May 6, 1918
Operator federal museums
Direction Gabriele Zuna-Kratky
www.tmw.at site
Vienna Technical Museum
Entrance hall of the TMW
The Vienna Technical Museum (short TMW) has exhibits and models from the history of technology with particular reference to the Austrian share in technological development. The bright patios, roofed-over by glass domes, furthermore are considered as a special feature of the museum in itself. It is located in Vienna Penzing at Mariahilferstraße in Gustav Jäger Park.
History
The museum 1918
Central hall with Etrich-Rumpler Taube
Side wing with aircrafts
LD Crucible (1952)
To mark the 60th anniversary of the Accession to the throne of Emperor Franz Joseph I in 1908, it was decided to establish a Technical Museum of Industry and Trade in Vienna. The initiative essentially came from Wilhelm Exner, who envisioned the idea of such a museum since the Vienna World Exhibition in the year 1873. In the founding committee were also the industrialists Arthur Krupp and Johann Kremenezky who supported the project financially, further sponsors have included Bernhard Wetzler and the Rothschild Bank. In the same year the National Technical Museum in Prague was opened.
After the location issue was clarified, the museum should be built in the 14th district of Vienna near the imperial residence in Schönbrunn on the "Spitzacker grounds", provided free of charge by the City of Vienna, the first preliminary studies were elaborated of Emil von Förster. After his sudden death in 1909, an "ideas competition" among in Vienna operating architects was tendered, in which were involved, inter alia, Otto Wagner, Adolf Loos, Rudolf Tropsch and Max Ferstel. The participants had only two months to create their designs, nevertheless 24 projects were submitted. Into the final selection made it the plans by Max Hegele, Rudolf Krausz and Hans Schneider, whose draft the studies of Förster came close and who eventually won the bid upon intervention of the heir to the throne Franz Ferdinand. Criticism from the Viennese Artist Associations provoked most of all the rejection of Otto Wagner's project.
The museum was one of the first representative reinforced concrete building in Austria (already 1904 Otto Wagner this material in the construction of the Vienna Postal Savings Bank had used). According to the contemporary tastes, the facade was designed historicizing. The structure of the building, the bright exhibition halls and the for that time very modern electrification with a total of 46.4 kilometers of installed electric lines, not least for the demonstration apparatus and machines met the requirements of a functional museum building. The original plan of Schneider provided a subsequent extension by two side wings.
On 20 June 1909, the foundation stone was laid by the emperor. The building was completed in 1913, the for 1914 planned opening but was delayed by the First World War until May 6, 1918. In March 1919, already the 100,000th visitor could be welcomed.
The museum until 1922 was operated by an association, then for economic reasons nationalized as many former sponsors at the end of the monarchy and the turmoil of the post-war period dropped away. From 1930 to 1949 Viktor Schützenhofer was director of the museum. In the era of National Socialism also the Technical Museum came into possession of objects and materials which had been roobed from the Jews. Based on the Art Restitution Act of 1998 was finally begun with Provenance Research and the State Commission for Provenance Research so far handed over 17 dossiers. In four cases, the restitution has already been carried out, including the estate of the 1942 murdered technology historian Hugo Theodor Horwitz, which was passed to his son.
From 1992 to 1999 the building was generally refurbished. At the same time, inter alia, the glass cupolas of the over roofed patios were raised by one floor and installed surrounding galleries, by which the usable area of the museum was expanded by 3,200 m². Overall, the museum after the renovation now around 28,500 m² has at its disposal. Half submerged in front of the main entrance a glass porch as entrance area was added. In it now are dressing rooms for groups of visitors, school groups, etc., cash boxes and a museum shop. As on 1 January 2000, the museum in accordance with the Federal Museums Act of 1998 was discharged in the full legal capacity; since then Gabriele Zuna-Kratky is the director of the museum.
Exhibits
Typewriter by Peter Mitterhofer (1864)
The focus of the exhibitions lies on the transfer of technical concepts. Therefore, there is a large number of functional models that give visitors the opportunity to understand technical processes, and in accordance with the technical progress are renewed again and again.
The museum is provided with numerous, sometimes rather large historical demonstration models, such as in the field of railways, shipbuilding, aviation and industry. Outstanding there are the functional steam engines. Furthermore, one of the largest collections of historic musical instruments in Austria is housed in the Museum of Technology.
During the renovation of the building and the associated restructuring of the collection, the historic rail vehicles were largely transferred to the Railway Museum Strasshof in Lower Austria, where they were looked after by the first Austrian Tram and Railway Club. More rail vehicles were left to other clubs, collections or commercial loan-takers (Leihnehmern), including, for example, the Railway Museum Schwechat (Lower Austria) of the Association of Railway Enthusiasts. End of 2008, some of the most valuable railway vehicles again were on display in the main hall of the museum after some extensive restoration, other exhibits were farmed out as loans to regional railway museums in the provinces.
The Department for road vehicles remained in the museum. It shows milestones in Austrian automotive history of the brands Austro-Daimler, Gräf & Stift, Steyr Puch, among others. The oldest showpieces include the Benz of Eugene Zardetti (1893), the first in Austria operated gasoline automobile, and one of the oldest vehicles preserved in its original state at all, the second Marcus car (1888/89). To building this collection, the then curator Hans Seper has made outstanding contributions in the period after the Second World War. From the second Marcus car under the supervision of the museum a replica was made, which was presented to the public in the presence of Federal President Heinz Fischer on 17 May 2006. With it test runs and exits are to be performed before an audience without having to strain the valuable original.
Another part with collection pieces from the first half of the 19th century comes from the in 1807 founded kk Factory products Cabinet, whose aim it was to collect industrial products from the early industrialization period of the monarchy.
The unneeded Locomotive Hall in Marchegg station in 2012 by the Technical Museum was long-term rented, renovated and equipped with tracks of different gauge. The building is used as additional depot hall for railway locomotives and wagons. Thus, a number of until now at different locations and partially outdoor deposited objects of the railway museum's collection is united in a hall and in the history of the railroad museum's collection it is for the first time achieved that all rail vehicles have found a place in an exhibition hall or at least in a depot hall.
Organ of the Hofburg Chapel (by Carl Friedrich Ferdinand Buckow, 1862)
Second Marcus car (1888/89)
Ford Model T (1923) and VW Type 11 Luxury (1962)
Puch motorcycle (1953)
Specialties
Tourist mine under the building
High voltage laboratory
Models of bridges, iron and steel works
Original steam engines
Transport section (with the famous car of Siegfried Marcus)
Saloon car of Empress Elisabeth
Special exhibitions on current and historical issues
Tel Aviv-Yafo usually referred to as just Tel Aviv, is the most populous city in the Gush Dan metropolitan area of Israel. Located on the Israeli Mediterranean coastline and with a population of 467,875, it is the economic and technological center of the country. If East Jerusalem is considered part of Israel, Tel Aviv is the country's second-most-populous city, after Jerusalem; if not, Tel Aviv is the most populous city, ahead of West Jerusalem.
Tel Aviv is governed by the Tel Aviv-Yafo Municipality, headed by Mayor Ron Huldai, and is home to most of Israel's foreign embassies. It is a beta+ world city and is ranked 57th in the 2022 Global Financial Centres Index. Tel Aviv has the third- or fourth-largest economy and the largest economy per capita in the Middle East. The city currently has the highest cost of living in the world. Tel Aviv receives over 2.5 million international visitors annually. A "party capital" in the Middle East, it has a lively nightlife and 24-hour culture. The city is gay-friendly, with a large LGBT community. Tel Aviv is home to Tel Aviv University, the largest university in the country with more than 30,000 students.
The city was founded in 1909 by the Yishuv (Jewish residents) and initially given the Hebrew name Ahuzat Bayit (Hebrew: אחוזת בית, romanized: ʔAħuzat Bayit, lit. 'House Estate' or 'Homestead'), namesake of the Jewish association which established the neighbourhood as a modern housing estate on the outskirts of the ancient port city of Jaffa (Yafo in Hebrew), then part of the Mutasarrifate of Jerusalem within the Ottoman Empire. Its name was changed the following year to Tel Aviv, after the biblical name Tel Abib (lit. "Tell of Spring") adopted by Nahum Sokolow as the title for his Hebrew translation of Theodor Herzl's 1902 novel Altneuland ("Old New Land"). Other Jewish suburbs of Jaffa had been established before Tel Aviv, the oldest among them being Neve Tzedek. Tel Aviv was given township status within the Jaffa Municipality in 1921, and became independent from Jaffa in 1934. Immigration by mostly Jewish refugees meant that the growth of Tel Aviv soon outpaced that of Jaffa, which had a majority Arab population at the time. In 1948 the Israeli Declaration of Independence was proclaimed in the city. After the 1947–1949 Palestine war, Tel Aviv began the municipal annexation of parts of Jaffa, fully unified with Jaffa under the name Tel Aviv in April 1950, and was formally renamed to Tel Aviv-Yafo in August 1950.
Tel Aviv's White City, designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2003, comprises the world's largest concentration of International Style buildings, including Bauhaus and other related modernist architectural styles. Popular attractions include Jaffa Old City, the Eretz Israel Museum, the Museum of Art, Hayarkon Park, and the city's promenade and beach.
Etymology and origins
Tel Aviv is the Hebrew title of Theodor Herzl’s 1902 novel Altneuland ("Old New Land"), as translated from German by Nahum Sokolow. Sokolow had adopted the name of a Mesopotamian site near the city of Babylon mentioned in Ezekiel: "Then I came to them of the captivity at Tel Abib [Tel Aviv], that lived by the river Chebar, and to where they lived; and I sat there overwhelmed among them seven days." The name was chosen in 1910 from several suggestions, including "Herzliya". It was found fitting as it embraced the idea of a renaissance in the ancient Jewish homeland. Aviv (אביב, or Abib) is a Hebrew word that can be translated as "spring", symbolizing renewal, and tell (or tel) is an artificial mound created over centuries through the accumulation of successive layers of civilization built one over the other and symbolizing the ancient.
Although founded in 1909 as a small settlement on the sand dunes north of Jaffa, Tel Aviv was envisaged as a future city from the start. Its founders hoped that in contrast to what they perceived as the squalid and unsanitary conditions of neighbouring Arab towns, Tel Aviv was to be a clean and modern city, inspired by the European cities of Warsaw and Odesa. The marketing pamphlets advocating for its establishment stated:
In this city we will build the streets so they have roads and sidewalks and electric lights. Every house will have water from wells that will flow through pipes as in every modern European city, and also sewerage pipes will be installed for the health of the city and its residents.
— Akiva Arieh Weiss, 1906
History
The walled city of Jaffa is modern-day Tel Aviv-Yafo's only urban centre that existed in early modern times. Jaffa was an important port city in the region for millennia. Archaeological evidence shows signs of human settlement there starting in roughly 7,500 BC. The city was established around 1,800 BC at the latest. Its natural harbour has been used since the Bronze Age. By the time Tel Aviv was founded as a separate city during Ottoman rule of the region, Jaffa had been ruled by the Canaanites, Egyptians, Philistines, Israelites, Assyrians, Babylonians, Persians, Phoenicians, Ptolemies, Seleucids, Hasmoneans, Romans, Byzantines, the early Islamic caliphates, Crusaders, Ayyubids, and Mamluks before coming under Ottoman rule in 1515. It had been fought over numerous times. The city is mentioned in ancient Egyptian documents, as well as the Hebrew Bible.
Other ancient sites in Tel Aviv include: Tell Qasile, Tel Gerisa, Abattoir Hill, Tel Hashash, and Tell Qudadi.
During the First Aliyah in the 1880s, when Jewish immigrants began arriving in the region in significant numbers, new neighborhoods were founded outside Jaffa on the current territory of Tel Aviv. The first was Neve Tzedek, founded in 1887 by Mizrahi Jews due to overcrowding in Jaffa and built on lands owned by Aharon Chelouche. Other neighborhoods were Neve Shalom (1890), Yafa Nof (1896), Achva (1899), Ohel Moshe (1904), Kerem HaTeimanim (1906), and others. Once Tel Aviv received city status in the 1920s, those neighborhoods joined the newly formed municipality, now becoming separated from Jaffa.
1904–1917: Foundation in Late Ottoman period
The Second Aliyah led to further expansion. In 1906, a group of Jews, among them residents of Jaffa, followed the initiative of Akiva Aryeh Weiss and banded together to form the Ahuzat Bayit (lit. "homestead") society. One of the society's goals was to form a "Hebrew urban centre in a healthy environment, planned according to the rules of aesthetics and modern hygiene". The urban planning for the new city was influenced by the garden city movement. The first 60 plots were purchased in Kerem Djebali near Jaffa by Jacobus Kann, a Dutch citizen, who registered them in his name to circumvent the Turkish prohibition on Jewish land acquisition.[34] Meir Dizengoff, later Tel Aviv's first mayor, also joined the Ahuzat Bayit society. His vision for Tel Aviv involved peaceful co-existence with Arabs.
On 11 April 1909, 66 Jewish families gathered on a desolate sand dune to parcel out the land by lottery using seashells. This gathering is considered the official date of the establishment of Tel Aviv. The lottery was organised by Akiva Aryeh Weiss, president of the building society. Weiss collected 120 sea shells on the beach, half of them white and half of them grey. The members' names were written on the white shells and the plot numbers on the grey shells. A boy drew names from one box of shells and a girl drew plot numbers from the second box. A photographer, Abraham Soskin (b. 1881 in Russia, made aliyah 1906), documented the event. The first water well was later dug at this site, located on what is today Rothschild Boulevard, across from Dizengoff House. Within a year, Herzl, Ahad Ha'am, Yehuda Halevi, Lilienblum, and Rothschild streets were built; a water system was installed; and 66 houses (including some on six subdivided plots) were completed. At the end of Herzl Street, a plot was allocated for a new building for the Herzliya Hebrew High School, founded in Jaffa in 1906. The cornerstone for the building was laid on 28 July 1909. The town was originally named Ahuzat Bayit. On 21 May 1910, the name Tel Aviv was adopted. The flag and city arms of Tel Aviv (see above) contain under the red Star of David 2 words from the biblical book of Jeremiah: "I (God) will build You up again and you will be rebuilt." (Jer 31:4) Tel Aviv was planned as an independent Hebrew city with wide streets and boulevards, running water for each house, and street lights.
By 1914, Tel Aviv had grown to more than 1 km2 (247 acres). In 1915 a census of Tel Aviv was conducted, recording a population 2,679. However, growth halted in 1917 when the Ottoman authorities expelled the residents of Jaffa and Tel Aviv as a wartime measure. A report published in The New York Times by United States Consul Garrels in Alexandria, Egypt described the Jaffa deportation of early April 1917. The orders of evacuation were aimed chiefly at the Jewish population. Jews were free to return to their homes in Tel Aviv at the end of the following year when, with the end of World War I and the defeat of the Ottomans, the British took control of Palestine.
The town had rapidly become an attraction to immigrants, with a local activist writing:
The immigrants were attracted to Tel Aviv because they found in it all the comforts they were used to in Europe: electric light, water, a little cleanliness, cinema, opera, theatre, and also more or less advanced schools... busy streets, full restaurants, cafes open until 2 a.m., singing, music, and dancing.
British administration 1917–34: Townships within the Jaffa Municipality
A master plan for the Tel Aviv township was created by Patrick Geddes, 1925, based on the garden city movement. The plan consisted of four main features: a hierarchical system of streets laid out in a grid, large blocks consisting of small-scale domestic dwellings, the organization of these blocks around central open spaces, and the concentration of cultural institutions to form a civic center.
Tel Aviv, along with the rest of the Jaffa municipality, was conquered by the British imperial army in late 1917 during the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of World War I and became part of British-administered Mandatory Palestine until 1948.
Tel Aviv, established as suburb of Jaffa, received "township" or local council status within the Jaffa Municipality in 1921. According to a census conducted in 1922 by the British Mandate authorities, Tel Aviv had a population of 15,185 (15,065 Jews, 78 Muslims and 42 Christians). The population increased in the 1931 census to 46,101 (45,564 Jews, 288 with no religion, 143 Christians, and 106 Muslims), in 12,545 houses.
With increasing Jewish immigration during the British administration, friction between Arabs and Jews in Palestine increased. On 1 May 1921, the Jaffa riots resulted in the deaths of 48 Arabs and 47 Jews and injuries to 146 Jews and 73 Arabs. In the wake of this violence, many Jews left Jaffa for Tel Aviv. The population of Tel Aviv increased from 2,000 in 1920 to around 34,000 by 1925.
Tel Aviv began to develop as a commercial center. In 1923, Tel Aviv was the first town to be wired to electricity in Palestine, followed by Jaffa later in the same year. The opening ceremony of the Jaffa Electric Company powerhouse, on 10 June 1923, celebrated the lighting of the two main streets of Tel Aviv.
In 1925, the Scottish biologist, sociologist, philanthropist and pioneering town planner Patrick Geddes drew up a master plan for Tel Aviv which was adopted by the city council led by Meir Dizengoff. Geddes's plan for developing the northern part of the district was based on Ebenezer Howard's garden city movement. While most of the northern area of Tel Aviv was built according to this plan, the influx of European refugees in the 1930s necessitated the construction of taller apartment buildings on a larger footprint in the city.
Ben Gurion House was built in 1930–31, part of a new workers' housing development. At the same time, Jewish cultural life was given a boost by the establishment of the Ohel Theatre and the decision of Habima Theatre to make Tel Aviv its permanent base in 1931.
1934 municipal independence from Jaffa
Tel Aviv was granted the status of an independent municipality separate from Jaffa in 1934. The Jewish population rose dramatically during the Fifth Aliyah after the Nazis came to power in Germany. By 1937 the Jewish population of Tel Aviv had risen to 150,000, compared to Jaffa's mainly Arab 69,000 residents. Within two years, it had reached 160,000, which was over a third of Palestine's total Jewish population. Many new Jewish immigrants to Palestine disembarked in Jaffa, and remained in Tel Aviv, turning the city into a center of urban life. Friction during the 1936–39 Arab revolt led to the opening of a local Jewish port, Tel Aviv Port, independent of Jaffa, in 1938. It closed on 25 October 1965. Lydda Airport (later Ben Gurion Airport) and Sde Dov Airport opened between 1937 and 1938.
Many German Jewish architects trained at the Bauhaus, the Modernist school of architecture in Germany, and left Germany during the 1930s. Some, like Arieh Sharon, came to Palestine and adapted the architectural outlook of the Bauhaus and similar schools to the local conditions there, creating what is recognized as the largest concentration of buildings in the International Style in the world.
Tel Aviv's White City emerged in the 1930s, and became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2003. During World War II, Tel Aviv was hit by Italian airstrikes on 9 September 1940, which killed 137 people in the city.
The village statistics of 1938 listed Tel Aviv's population as 140,000, all Jews. The village statistics of 1945 listed Tel Aviv's population as 166,660 (166,000 Jews, 300 "other", 230 Christians, and 130 Muslims).
During the Jewish insurgency in Mandatory Palestine, Jewish Irgun and Lehi guerrillas launched repeated attacks against British military, police, and government targets in the city. In 1946, following the King David Hotel bombing, the British carried out Operation Shark, in which the entire city was searched for Jewish militants and most of the residents questioned, during which the entire city was placed under curfew. During the March 1947 martial law in Mandatory Palestine, Tel Aviv was placed under martial law by the British authorities for 15 days, with the residents kept under curfew for all but three hours a day as British forces scoured the city for militants. In spite of this, Jewish guerrilla attacks continued in Tel Aviv and other areas under martial law in Palestine.
According to the 1947 UN Partition Plan for dividing Palestine into Jewish and Arab states, Tel Aviv, by then a city of 230,000, was to be included in the proposed Jewish state. Jaffa with, as of 1945, a population of 101,580 people—53,930 Muslims, 30,820 Jews and 16,800 Christians—was designated as part of the Arab state. Civil War broke out in the country and in particular between the neighbouring cities of Tel Aviv and Jaffa, which had been assigned to the Jewish and Arab states respectively. After several months of siege, on 13 May 1948, Jaffa fell and the Arab population fled en masse.
State of Israel
When Israel declared Independence on 14 May 1948, the population of Tel Aviv was over 200,000. Tel Aviv was the temporary government center of the State of Israel until the government moved to Jerusalem in December 1949. Due to the international dispute over the status of Jerusalem, most embassies remained in or near Tel Aviv. The boundaries of Tel Aviv and Jaffa became a matter of contention between the Tel Aviv municipality and the Israeli government in 1948. The former wished to incorporate only the northern Jewish suburbs of Jaffa, while the latter wanted a more complete unification. The issue also had international sensitivity, since the main part of Jaffa was in the Arab portion of the United Nations Partition Plan, whereas Tel Aviv was not, and no armistice agreements had yet been signed. On 10 December 1948, the government announced the annexation to Tel Aviv of Jaffa's Jewish suburbs, the Palestinian neighborhood of Abu Kabir, the Arab village of Salama and some of its agricultural land, and the Jewish Hatikva slum. On 25 February 1949, the depopulated Palestinian village of al-Shaykh Muwannis was also annexed to Tel Aviv. On 18 May 1949, Manshiya and part of Jaffa's central zone were added, for the first time including land that had been in the Arab portion of the UN partition plan. The government voted on the unification of Tel Aviv and Jaffa on 4 October 1949, but the decision was not implemented until 24 April 1950 due to the opposition of Tel Aviv mayor Israel Rokach. The name of the unified city was Tel Aviv until 19 August 1950, when it was renamed Tel Aviv-Yafo in order to preserve the historical name Jaffa. Tel Aviv thus grew to 42 km2 (16.2 sq mi). In 1949, a memorial to the 60 founders of Tel Aviv was constructed.
In the 1960s, some of the older buildings were demolished, making way for the country's first high-rises. The historic Herzliya Hebrew Gymnasium was controversially demolished, to make way for the Shalom Meir Tower, which was completed in 1965, and remained Israel's tallest building until 1999. Tel Aviv's population peaked in the early 1960s at 390,000, representing 16 percent of the country's total. By the early 1970s, Tel Aviv had entered a long and steady period of continuous population decline, which was accompanied by urban decay. By 1981, Tel Aviv had entered not just natural population decline, but an absolute population decline as well. In the late 1980s the city had an aging population of 317,000. Construction activity had moved away from the inner ring of Tel Aviv, and had moved to its outer perimeter and adjoining cities. A mass out-migration of residents from Tel Aviv, to adjoining cities like Petah Tikva and Rehovot, where better housing conditions were available, was underway by the beginning of the 1970s, and only accelerated by the Yom Kippur War. Cramped housing conditions and high property prices pushed families out of Tel Aviv and deterred young people from moving in. From the beginning of 1970s, the common image of Tel Aviv became that of a decaying city, as Tel Aviv's population fell 20%.
In the 1970s, the apparent sense of Tel Aviv's urban decline became a theme in the work of novelists such as Yaakov Shabtai, in works describing the city such as Sof Davar (The End of Things) and Zikhron Devarim (The Memory of Things). A symptomatic article of 1980 asked "Is Tel Aviv Dying?" and portrayed what it saw as the city's existential problems: "Residents leaving the city, businesses penetrating into residential areas, economic and social gaps, deteriorating neighbourhoods, contaminated air – Is the First Hebrew City destined for a slow death? Will it become a ghost town?". However, others saw this as a transitional period. By the late 1980s, attitudes to the city's future had become markedly more optimistic. It had also become a center of nightlife and discotheques for Israelis who lived in the suburbs and adjoining cities. By 1989, Tel Aviv had acquired the nickname "Nonstop City", as a reflection of the growing recognition of its nightlife and 24/7 culture, and "Nonstop City" had to some extent replaced the former moniker of "First Hebrew City". The largest project built in this era was the Dizengoff Center, Israel's first shopping mall, which was completed in 1983. Other notable projects included the construction of Marganit Tower in 1987, the opening of the Suzanne Dellal Center for Dance and Theater in 1989, and the Tel Aviv Cinematheque (opened in 1973 and located to the current building in 1989).
In the early 1980s, 13 embassies in Jerusalem moved to Tel Aviv as part of the UN's measures responding to Israel's 1980 Jerusalem Law. Today, most national embassies are located in Tel Aviv or environs. In the 1990s, the decline in Tel Aviv's population began to be reversed and stabilized, at first temporarily due to a wave of immigrants from the former Soviet Union. Tel Aviv absorbed 42,000 immigrants from the FSU, many educated in scientific, technological, medical and mathematical fields. In this period, the number of engineers in the city doubled. Tel Aviv soon began to emerge as a global high-tech center. The construction of many skyscrapers and high-tech office buildings followed. In 1993, Tel Aviv was categorized as a world city. However, the city's municipality struggled to cope with an influx of new immigrants. Tel Aviv's tax base had been shrinking for many years, as a result of its preceding long term population decline, and this meant there was little money available at the time to invest in the city's deteriorating infrastructure and housing. In 1998, Tel Aviv was on the "verge of bankruptcy". Economic difficulties would then be compounded by a wave of Palestinian suicide bombings in the city from the mid-1990s, to the end of the Second Intifada, as well as the dot-com bubble, which affected the city's rapidly growing hi-tech sector. On 4 November 1995, Israel's prime minister, Yitzhak Rabin, was assassinated at a rally in Tel Aviv in support of the Oslo peace accord. The outdoor plaza where this occurred, formerly known as Kikar Malchei Yisrael, was renamed Rabin Square.
In the Gulf War in 1991, Tel Aviv was attacked by Scud missiles from Iraq. Iraq hoped to provoke an Israeli military response, which could have destroyed the US–Arab alliance. The United States pressured Israel not to retaliate, and after Israel acquiesced, the US and Netherlands rushed Patriot missiles to defend against the attacks, but they proved largely ineffective. Tel Aviv and other Israeli cities continued to be hit by Scuds throughout the war, and every city in the Tel Aviv area except for Bnei Brak was hit. A total of 74 Israelis died as a result of the Iraqi attacks, mostly from suffocation and heart attacks, while approximately 230 Israelis were injured. Extensive property damage was also caused, and some 4,000 Israelis were left homeless. It was feared that Iraq would fire missiles filled with nerve agents or sarin. As a result, the Israeli government issued gas masks to its citizens. When the first Iraqi missiles hit Israel, some people injected themselves with an antidote for nerve gas. The inhabitants of the southeastern suburb of Hatikva erected an angel-monument as a sign of their gratitude that "it was through a great miracle, that many people were preserved from being killed by a direct hit of a Scud rocket."
Since the First Intifada, Tel Aviv has suffered from Palestinian political violence. The first suicide attack in Tel Aviv occurred on 19 October 1994, on the Line 5 bus, when a bomber killed 22 civilians and injured 50 as part of a Hamas suicide campaign. On 6 March 1996, another Hamas suicide bomber killed 13 people (12 civilians and 1 soldier), many of them children, in the Dizengoff Center suicide bombing. Three women were killed by a Hamas terrorist in the Café Apropo bombing on 27 March 1997.
One of the deadliest attacks occurred on 1 June 2001, during the Second Intifada, when a suicide bomber exploded at the entrance to the Dolphinarium discothèque, killing 21, mostly teenagers, and injuring 132. Another Hamas suicide bomber killed six civilians and injured 70 in the Allenby Street bus bombing. Twenty-three civilians were killed and over 100 injured in the Tel Aviv central bus station massacre. Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades claimed responsibility for the attack. In the Mike's Place suicide bombing, an attack on a bar by a British Muslim suicide bomber resulted in the deaths of three civilians and wounded over 50. Hamas and Al Aqsa Martyrs Brigades claimed joint responsibility. An Islamic Jihad bomber killed five and wounded over 50 on 25 February 2005 Stage Club bombing. The most recent suicide attack in the city occurred on 17 April 2006, when 11 people were killed and at least 70 wounded in a suicide bombing near the old central bus station.
Another attack took place on 29 August 2011 in which a Palestinian attacker stole an Israeli taxi cab and rammed it into a police checkpoint guarding the popular Haoman 17 nightclub in Tel Aviv which was filled with 2,000 Israeli teenagers. After crashing, the assailant went on a stabbing spree, injuring eight people. Due to an Israel Border Police roadblock at the entrance and immediate response of the Border Police team during the subsequent stabbings, a much larger and fatal mass-casualty incident was avoided.
On 21 November 2012, during Operation Pillar of Defense, the Tel Aviv area was targeted by rockets, and air raid sirens were sounded in the city for the first time since the Gulf War. All of the rockets either missed populated areas or were shot down by an Iron Dome rocket defense battery stationed near the city. During the operation, a bomb blast on a bus wounded at least 28 civilians, three seriously. This was described as a terrorist attack by Israel, Russia, and the United States and was condemned by the United Nations, United States, United Kingdom, France and Russia, whilst Hamas spokesman Sami Abu Zuhri declared that the organisation "blesses" the attack. More than 300 rockets were fired towards the Tel Aviv Metropolitan area in the 2021 Israel–Palestine crisis.
New laws were introduced to protect Modernist buildings, and efforts to preserve them were aided by UNESCO recognition of Tel Aviv's White City as a world heritage site in 2003. In the early 2000s, Tel Aviv municipality focused on attracting more young residents to the city. It made significant investment in major boulevards, to create attractive pedestrian corridors. Former industrial areas like the city's previously derelict Northern Tel Aviv Port and the Jaffa railway station, were upgraded and transformed into leisure areas. A process of gentrification began in some of the poor neighborhoods of southern Tel Aviv and many older buildings began to be renovated.
The demographic profile of the city changed in the 2000s, as it began to attract a higher proportion of young residents. By 2012, 28 percent of the city's population was aged between 20 and 34 years old. Between 2007 and 2012, the city's population growth averaged 6.29 percent. As a result of its population recovery and industrial transition, the city's finances were transformed, and by 2012 it was running a budget surplus and maintained a credit rating of AAA+. In the 2000s and early 2010s, Tel Aviv received tens of thousands of illegal immigrants, primarily from Sudan and Eritrea, changing the demographic profile of areas of the city. In 2009, Tel Aviv celebrated its official centennial. In addition to city- and country-wide celebrations, digital collections of historical materials were assembled. These include the History section of the official Tel Aviv-Yafo Centennial Year website; the Ahuzat Bayit collection, which focuses on the founding families of Tel Aviv, and includes photographs and biographies; and Stanford University's Eliasaf Robinson Tel Aviv Collection, documenting the history of the city. Today, the city is regarded as a strong candidate for global city status. Over the past 60 years, Tel Aviv had developed into a secular, liberal-minded center with a vibrant nightlife and café culture.
Geography
Tel Aviv is located around 32°5′N 34°48′E on the Israeli Mediterranean coastline, in central Israel, the historic land bridge between Europe, Asia and Africa. Immediately north of the ancient port of Jaffa, Tel Aviv lies on land that used to be sand dunes and as such has relatively poor soil fertility. The land has been flattened and has no important gradients; its most notable geographical features are bluffs above the Mediterranean coastline and the Yarkon River mouth. Because of the expansion of Tel Aviv and the Gush Dan region, absolute borders between Tel Aviv and Jaffa and between the city's neighborhoods do not exist.
The city is located 60 km (37 mi) northwest of Jerusalem and 90 km (56 mi) south of the city of Haifa. Neighboring cities and towns include Herzliya to the north, Ramat HaSharon to the northeast, Petah Tikva, Bnei Brak, Ramat Gan and Giv'atayim to the east, Holon to the southeast, and Bat Yam to the south. The city is economically stratified between the north and south. Southern Tel Aviv is considered less affluent than northern Tel Aviv with the exception of Neve Tzedek and northern and north-western Jaffa. Central Tel Aviv is home to Azrieli Center and the important financial and commerce district along Ayalon Highway. The northern side of Tel Aviv is home to Tel Aviv University, Hayarkon Park, and upscale residential neighborhoods such as Ramat Aviv and Afeka.
Environment
Tel Aviv is ranked as the greenest city in Israel. Since 2008, city lights are turned off annually in support of Earth Hour. In February 2009, the municipality launched a water saving campaign, including competition granting free parking for a year to the household that is found to have consumed the least water per person.
In the early 21st century, Tel Aviv's municipality transformed a derelict power station into a public park, now named "Gan HaHashmal" ("Electricity Park"), paving the way for eco-friendly and environmentally conscious designs. In October 2008, Martin Weyl turned an old garbage dump near Ben Gurion International Airport, called Hiriya, into an attraction by building an arc of plastic bottles.[120] The site, which was renamed Ariel Sharon Park to honor Israel's former prime minister, will serve as the centerpiece in what is to become a 2,000-acre (8.1 km2) urban wilderness on the outskirts of Tel Aviv, designed by German landscape architect, Peter Latz.
At the end of the 20th century, the city began restoring historical neighborhoods such as Neve Tzedek and many buildings from the 1920s and 1930s. Since 2007, the city hosts its well-known, annual Open House Tel Aviv weekend, which offers the general public free entrance to the city's famous landmarks, private houses and public buildings. In 2010, the design of the renovated Tel Aviv Port (Nemal Tel Aviv) won the award for outstanding landscape architecture at the European Biennial for Landscape Architecture in Barcelona.
In 2014, the Sarona Market Complex opened, following an 8-year renovation project of Sarona colony.
Tel Aviv has a Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification: Csa), and enjoys plenty of sunshine throughout the year. Most precipitation falls in the form of rain between the months of October and April, with intervening dry summers, and there is almost no rainfall from June to September. The average annual temperature is 20.9 °C (69.6 °F), and the average sea temperature is 18–20 °C (64–68 °F) during the winter, and 24–29 °C (75–84 °F) during the summer. The city averages 528 mm (20.8 in) of precipitation annually.
Summers in Tel Aviv last about five months, from June to October. August, the warmest month, averages a high of 30.6 °C (87.1 °F), and a low of 25 °C (77 °F). The high relative humidity due to the location of the city by the Mediterranean Sea, in a combination with the high temperatures, creates a thermal discomfort during the summer. Summer low temperatures in Tel Aviv seldom drop below 20 °C (68 °F).
Winters are mild and wet, with most of the annual precipitation falling within the months of December, January and February as intense rainfall and thunderstorms. In January, the coolest month, the average maximum temperature is 17.6 °C (63.7 °F), the minimum temperature averages 10.2 °C (50.4 °F). During the coldest days of winter, temperatures may vary between 8 °C (46 °F) and 12 °C (54 °F). Both freezing temperatures and snowfall are extremely rare in the city.
Autumns and springs are characterized by sharp temperature changes, with heat waves that might be created due to hot and dry air masses that arrive from the nearby deserts. During heatwaves in autumn and springs, temperatures usually climb up to 35 °C (95 °F) and even up to 40 °C (104 °F), accompanied with exceptionally low humidity. An average day during autumn and spring has a high of 23 °C (73 °F) to 25 °C (77 °F), and a low of 15 °C (59 °F) to 18 °C (64 °F).
The highest recorded temperature in Tel Aviv was 46.5 °C (115.7 °F) on 17 May 1916, and the lowest is −1.9 °C (28.6 °F) on 7 February 1950, during a cold wave that brought the only recorded snowfall in Tel Aviv.
Government
Tel Aviv is governed by a 31-member city council elected for a five-year term by in direct proportional elections, and a mayor elected for the same term by direct elections under a two-round system. Like all other mayors in Israel, no term limits exist for the Mayor of Tel Aviv. All Israeli citizens over the age of 17 with at least one year of residence in Tel Aviv are eligible to vote in municipal elections. The municipality is responsible for social services, community programs, public infrastructure, urban planning, tourism and other local affairs. The Tel Aviv City Hall is located at Rabin Square. Ron Huldai has been mayor of Tel Aviv since 1998. Huldai was reelected for a fifth term in the 2018 municipal elections, defeating former deputy Asaf Zamir, founder of the Ha'Ir party. Huldai's has become the longest-serving mayor of the city, exceeding Shlomo Lahat's 19-year term. The shortest-serving was David Bloch, in office for two years, 1925–27.
Politically, Tel Aviv is known to be a stronghold for the left, in both local and national issues. The left wing vote is especially prevalent in the city's mostly affluent central and northern neighborhoods, though not the case for its working-class southeastern neighborhoods which tend to vote for right wing parties in national elections. Outside the kibbutzim, Meretz receives more votes in Tel Aviv than in any other city in Israel.
Technological developments in the area of AI take place primarily in the civil domain. Any discussion of this topic should seek to avoid compartmentalisation, instead aiming for a broad multilateral and multi-stakeholder approach that includes both the public and the private domains.
With this in mind, the summit will bring together high-level representatives of government bodies, civil society organisations, knowledge institutions and the private sector in order to discuss the key opportunities, challenges and risks associated with military applications of AI.
Photo: Ministry of Foreign Affairs / Henriette Guest
1955 Mercedes-Benz 300 SL Alloy Gullwing
$5,010,000 USD | Sold
From Sotheby's:
“The best way to predict the future is to create it.”
Alan Kay (born 1940), Computer Scientist
In 1954, decades of incremental technological development, design, and success on the racetrack by Mercedes-Benz—inventor of the automobile and the dominant brand in automotive innovation—culminated with the launch of the most iconic car of all time, the 300 SL “Gullwing.” Instantly changing the game, it shifted the paradigm in automotive design and performance forever.
After names such as Stirling Moss and Juan Manuel Fangio, racing heroes indelibly etched into the automotive history books, had achieved unprecedented success in competition with the 300 SLR (W196S), Rudolf Uhlenhaut’s engineering brilliance saw these pure racecars take production form in the 300 SL “Gullwing” Coupe of 1954. The 300 SL was a fully road-legal production car, yes, but it was also so much more than that: Beneath its shapely skin was an Uhlenhaut-designed, racing-style tubular chassis, and its styling fundamentals would be closely mirrored in the gullwinged 300 SLR “Uhlenhaut Coupe,” which recently became the most valuable car in history after a $150 million RM Sotheby’s sale.
As the fastest production car in the world upon its debut, the 300 SL clearly had Silver Arrow dominance in its DNA. In sum, the Gullwing was an exquisite reflection of Mercedes-Benz’s position at the pinnacle of the automotive space in the mid-1950s, exceeding all that Ferrari, Jaguar, Alfa Romeo, and Aston Martin could throw at them.
More than 60 years later, it is for good reason that “Gullwing”’ is a name that resonates with everyone, not simply car collectors. It transcends generations, connects old with new, and is both classic and sporty. It can be found in lyrics of hip-hop songs, Hollywood cinema, and even Andy Warhol pop-culture contemporary art. DeLorean’s futuristic car pulled the Gullwing doors in the 1980s—as did Tesla in the 2020s with their Model X. All serves as recognition of the incredible, outsized impact of the Gullwing, a car that was only ever owned by the fortunate few.
BRED FOR COMPETITION
In the 1950s, as in the modern era, Mercedes-Benz understood that its clients valued exclusivity, so they limited Gullwing production to 1,371 standard cars. For dedicated racers, as well as those sophisticated enthusiasts who wanted the almost unattainable, the factory minted an additional 29 competition-bred special-order cars with a lightweight alloy body, a more powerful engine, and other bespoke options. These were the 300 SL Alloy Gullwings: The 300 SL variants most directly linked to the world-beating 300 SLRs, and cars that—even in comparison to their already desirable steel-bodied counterparts—have long been the ultimate prizes for the world’s top collectors.
Distinctive in many ways from their standard steel-bodied brethren, these incredibly rare and historically significant Alloy coupes thrived at fulfilling the purpose for which they were built. All the most important race victories achieved by the 300 SL were, in fact, secured by one of these lightweight competition versions of the model (in addition to “secret” works entries and prototypes). Works-supported drivers secured no fewer than 50 important victories in sports car races across Europe and North America between 1954 and 1957. Notable triumphs include the Nürburgring 1000 KM, Tour d’Europe, Mille Miglia, Coppa d’Oro, Acropolis Rally, and Liège–Rome–Liège (as well as multiple SCCA and European Rally championships).
CHASSIS NUMBER 5500786
This rare 300 SL Alloy example was ordered new by Rene Wasserman, an industrialist and sports car enthusiast living in Basel, Switzerland. Research confirms that it is the 21st of those 24 alloy-bodied cars scheduled for production during the 1955 calendar year (although it was actually completed before car number 20). The car’s factory build sheet, a copy of which is on file, notes that Wasserman ordered his new alloy Gullwing with a plethora of special options, including special high-gloss white paint (DB 50), a red leather interior (1079), two-pieces of matching luggage, sports suspension, sealed-beam headlights with separate parking lights, 3.64 ratio rear axle, Rudge wheels and instruments in English, and the Sonderteile (“special parts”) engine with an impressive 215-horsepower output—surely making it one of the most well-specified Gullwings built.
The car was completed on 5 October 1955, and rather than having it delivered to Switzerland, Wasserman picked up the car himself in late November and drove his new 300 SL back home. While it is not known when Wasserman sold the car, by the early 1960s it had been exported to the United States, where its second owner was Jerome Seavey of Chicago, Illinois, followed by John K. Scattergood III, a principal at Blenheim Motors, located in Upper Darby, Pennsylvania.
THE SENATOR’S GULLWING
This 300 SL remained in Pennsylvania with its next owner, Keystone State politician and enthusiast Senator Theodore Newell Wood. Along with representing the 20th District of Luzerne, Susquehanna, Pike, Wayne, and Wyoming counties in the Pennsylvania State Senate, Senator Wood enjoyed sports car racing in his spare time and served as the president of the Hill Climb Association. He also founded the Brynfan Tyddyn Road Races, which were held from 1952 to 1956, with the last year featuring Carroll Shelby as a driver. The SCCA even gave Senator Wood a free lifetime membership for his efforts in sponsorship and participation in racing in the Northeast.
After passing through the hands of Bill Kontes and Joe Marchetti, the 300 SL was acquired by Leslie Barth in 1983. Barth kept the car until 1989. In its next ownership, with Swedish businessman and collector Hans Thulin, it was consigned to Kienle Automobiltechnik in Stuttgart, Germany. One of the world’s foremost facilities, Kienle is known for their restorations of Mercedes-Benzes, and 300 SLs in particular. The car was sold to a German collector, who in turn commissioned Kienle to perform a full restoration. Notably, damage to alloy-bodied 300 SLs is remarkably common, as the aluminum is notoriously thin and can quite literally bend under the pressure of an ill-placed hand. Furthermore, the bodies are known to deteriorate at the mounting points, where aluminum meets steel. As a result, almost all lightweight examples have been reskinned or repaired at some point, and on this particular car, any parts of the body that were irreparable were replaced.
Upon completion, the car was repainted in traditional Mercedes-Benz Silver-Grey Metallic (DB 180) and retrimmed in its original interior color of red leather (1079). As is to be expected, the quality of the workmanship is absolutely superb, with the tremendous attention to mechanical detail and factory-correctness befitting a Kienle restoration.
After passing through a collector in Switzerland, the car was acquired by its current custodian. The Gullwing has been preserved in immaculate condition ever since, with its odometer displaying 2,607 kilometers (~1,620 miles) at time of cataloguing, presumably accrued since Kienle’s restoration. As a result of its limited road use, a recent inspection indicates that to bring the car back to its peak performance level, a light mechanical servicing would be in order. The inspection further revealed the car retains its numbers-matching chassis, engine, gearbox, rear axle, steering box, and front axles.
Undeniably exclusive, this spectacular 300 SL features all of the highly desirable options and accessories one would want on an Alloy Gullwing, including the more powerful Sonderteile engine, sports suspension, Rudge knock-off wheels, special-order upholstery, and a two-piece luggage set executed in matching red leather.
The 300 SLRs have long been regarded by the collector community as being the world’s most valuable cars. This was proved to be true in May 2022 when RM Sotheby’s sold the 300 SLR “Uhlenhaut Coupe” for nearly $150 million. As a special production counterpart, the 300 SL Alloy Gullwing represents the “holy grail” of all Gullwings—and as one of only 29 cars built, this example will instantly become the centerpiece of any truly great collection.
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Kristina and I headed over to RM Sotheby's at the Monterey Conference Center to view some glorious cars at their auction preview.
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Had a blast with our auto-enthusiast friend and neighbor, Fred, at Monterey Car Week 2022.
Somewhere between technological singularity and ecological singularity
francois-quevillon.com/w/?p=5242
Quelque part entre la singularité technologique et la singularité écologique
1955 Mercedes-Benz 300 SL Alloy Gullwing
$5,010,000 USD | Sold
From Sotheby's:
“The best way to predict the future is to create it.”
Alan Kay (born 1940), Computer Scientist
In 1954, decades of incremental technological development, design, and success on the racetrack by Mercedes-Benz—inventor of the automobile and the dominant brand in automotive innovation—culminated with the launch of the most iconic car of all time, the 300 SL “Gullwing.” Instantly changing the game, it shifted the paradigm in automotive design and performance forever.
After names such as Stirling Moss and Juan Manuel Fangio, racing heroes indelibly etched into the automotive history books, had achieved unprecedented success in competition with the 300 SLR (W196S), Rudolf Uhlenhaut’s engineering brilliance saw these pure racecars take production form in the 300 SL “Gullwing” Coupe of 1954. The 300 SL was a fully road-legal production car, yes, but it was also so much more than that: Beneath its shapely skin was an Uhlenhaut-designed, racing-style tubular chassis, and its styling fundamentals would be closely mirrored in the gullwinged 300 SLR “Uhlenhaut Coupe,” which recently became the most valuable car in history after a $150 million RM Sotheby’s sale.
As the fastest production car in the world upon its debut, the 300 SL clearly had Silver Arrow dominance in its DNA. In sum, the Gullwing was an exquisite reflection of Mercedes-Benz’s position at the pinnacle of the automotive space in the mid-1950s, exceeding all that Ferrari, Jaguar, Alfa Romeo, and Aston Martin could throw at them.
More than 60 years later, it is for good reason that “Gullwing”’ is a name that resonates with everyone, not simply car collectors. It transcends generations, connects old with new, and is both classic and sporty. It can be found in lyrics of hip-hop songs, Hollywood cinema, and even Andy Warhol pop-culture contemporary art. DeLorean’s futuristic car pulled the Gullwing doors in the 1980s—as did Tesla in the 2020s with their Model X. All serves as recognition of the incredible, outsized impact of the Gullwing, a car that was only ever owned by the fortunate few.
BRED FOR COMPETITION
In the 1950s, as in the modern era, Mercedes-Benz understood that its clients valued exclusivity, so they limited Gullwing production to 1,371 standard cars. For dedicated racers, as well as those sophisticated enthusiasts who wanted the almost unattainable, the factory minted an additional 29 competition-bred special-order cars with a lightweight alloy body, a more powerful engine, and other bespoke options. These were the 300 SL Alloy Gullwings: The 300 SL variants most directly linked to the world-beating 300 SLRs, and cars that—even in comparison to their already desirable steel-bodied counterparts—have long been the ultimate prizes for the world’s top collectors.
Distinctive in many ways from their standard steel-bodied brethren, these incredibly rare and historically significant Alloy coupes thrived at fulfilling the purpose for which they were built. All the most important race victories achieved by the 300 SL were, in fact, secured by one of these lightweight competition versions of the model (in addition to “secret” works entries and prototypes). Works-supported drivers secured no fewer than 50 important victories in sports car races across Europe and North America between 1954 and 1957. Notable triumphs include the Nürburgring 1000 KM, Tour d’Europe, Mille Miglia, Coppa d’Oro, Acropolis Rally, and Liège–Rome–Liège (as well as multiple SCCA and European Rally championships).
CHASSIS NUMBER 5500786
This rare 300 SL Alloy example was ordered new by Rene Wasserman, an industrialist and sports car enthusiast living in Basel, Switzerland. Research confirms that it is the 21st of those 24 alloy-bodied cars scheduled for production during the 1955 calendar year (although it was actually completed before car number 20). The car’s factory build sheet, a copy of which is on file, notes that Wasserman ordered his new alloy Gullwing with a plethora of special options, including special high-gloss white paint (DB 50), a red leather interior (1079), two-pieces of matching luggage, sports suspension, sealed-beam headlights with separate parking lights, 3.64 ratio rear axle, Rudge wheels and instruments in English, and the Sonderteile (“special parts”) engine with an impressive 215-horsepower output—surely making it one of the most well-specified Gullwings built.
The car was completed on 5 October 1955, and rather than having it delivered to Switzerland, Wasserman picked up the car himself in late November and drove his new 300 SL back home. While it is not known when Wasserman sold the car, by the early 1960s it had been exported to the United States, where its second owner was Jerome Seavey of Chicago, Illinois, followed by John K. Scattergood III, a principal at Blenheim Motors, located in Upper Darby, Pennsylvania.
THE SENATOR’S GULLWING
This 300 SL remained in Pennsylvania with its next owner, Keystone State politician and enthusiast Senator Theodore Newell Wood. Along with representing the 20th District of Luzerne, Susquehanna, Pike, Wayne, and Wyoming counties in the Pennsylvania State Senate, Senator Wood enjoyed sports car racing in his spare time and served as the president of the Hill Climb Association. He also founded the Brynfan Tyddyn Road Races, which were held from 1952 to 1956, with the last year featuring Carroll Shelby as a driver. The SCCA even gave Senator Wood a free lifetime membership for his efforts in sponsorship and participation in racing in the Northeast.
After passing through the hands of Bill Kontes and Joe Marchetti, the 300 SL was acquired by Leslie Barth in 1983. Barth kept the car until 1989. In its next ownership, with Swedish businessman and collector Hans Thulin, it was consigned to Kienle Automobiltechnik in Stuttgart, Germany. One of the world’s foremost facilities, Kienle is known for their restorations of Mercedes-Benzes, and 300 SLs in particular. The car was sold to a German collector, who in turn commissioned Kienle to perform a full restoration. Notably, damage to alloy-bodied 300 SLs is remarkably common, as the aluminum is notoriously thin and can quite literally bend under the pressure of an ill-placed hand. Furthermore, the bodies are known to deteriorate at the mounting points, where aluminum meets steel. As a result, almost all lightweight examples have been reskinned or repaired at some point, and on this particular car, any parts of the body that were irreparable were replaced.
Upon completion, the car was repainted in traditional Mercedes-Benz Silver-Grey Metallic (DB 180) and retrimmed in its original interior color of red leather (1079). As is to be expected, the quality of the workmanship is absolutely superb, with the tremendous attention to mechanical detail and factory-correctness befitting a Kienle restoration.
After passing through a collector in Switzerland, the car was acquired by its current custodian. The Gullwing has been preserved in immaculate condition ever since, with its odometer displaying 2,607 kilometers (~1,620 miles) at time of cataloguing, presumably accrued since Kienle’s restoration. As a result of its limited road use, a recent inspection indicates that to bring the car back to its peak performance level, a light mechanical servicing would be in order. The inspection further revealed the car retains its numbers-matching chassis, engine, gearbox, rear axle, steering box, and front axles.
Undeniably exclusive, this spectacular 300 SL features all of the highly desirable options and accessories one would want on an Alloy Gullwing, including the more powerful Sonderteile engine, sports suspension, Rudge knock-off wheels, special-order upholstery, and a two-piece luggage set executed in matching red leather.
The 300 SLRs have long been regarded by the collector community as being the world’s most valuable cars. This was proved to be true in May 2022 when RM Sotheby’s sold the 300 SLR “Uhlenhaut Coupe” for nearly $150 million. As a special production counterpart, the 300 SL Alloy Gullwing represents the “holy grail” of all Gullwings—and as one of only 29 cars built, this example will instantly become the centerpiece of any truly great collection.
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Kristina and I headed over to RM Sotheby's at the Monterey Conference Center to view some glorious cars at their auction preview.
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Had a blast with our auto-enthusiast friend and neighbor, Fred, at Monterey Car Week 2022.
Despite the fact that the Voigtlander is an f/1.2 lens I discovered that most of my images were at f/22.
Grangegorman College has recently become Technological University Dublin [TU]
I live so close to this college campus that I could claim that I live on it and i expect that it will, over the next few years, have a massive impact on the local area. I am hoping that it will be a positive impact.
Grangegorman Campus Development: TU Dublin, in conjunction with the Grangegorman Development Agency, Health Service Executive and Dublin City Council is developing a new unified campus which will be located at Grangegorman in Dublin’s North West Inner city. The campus will bring together the University's core and supporting activities in a single vibrant environment, integrating with the strategic development of Dublin City and providing a range of facilities for Students and Staff, for industry and the wider community. Together with the existing Campus in Blanchardstown and Tallaght this will be the heart of the new Technological University Dublin.
The 40 mm/1:1.2 Nokton is a fast, manual lens. It is the world`s first full-frame 40 mm lens with an aperture of f/1.2, while retaining a compact size. The optical formula includes two aspherical lenses, and the photographer can rely on optical performance and enjoy a smooth bokeh at the maximum aperture.
Juliana Chan, Chief Executive Officer, Wildtype Media Group, Singapore; Young Global Leader, captured during the Session: A New Wave of Ocean Solutions with Nanyang Technological University at the World Economic Forum - Annual Meeting of the New Champions in Dalian, People's Republic of China, July 1, 2019. Copyright by World Economic Forum / Ciaran McCrickard
Technological developments in the area of AI take place primarily in the civil domain. Any discussion of this topic should seek to avoid compartmentalisation, instead aiming for a broad multilateral and multi-stakeholder approach that includes both the public and the private domains.
With this in mind, the summit will bring together high-level representatives of government bodies, civil society organisations, knowledge institutions and the private sector in order to discuss the key opportunities, challenges and risks associated with military applications of AI.
Photo: Ministry of Foreign Affairs / Martijn Beekman
Images of some of the original Robotic, Science and Interactive Art Exhibits that MRISAR’s R&D Team has designed and fabricated.
In 2010 MRISAR, (a business that has Designed, Fabricated & Marketed the Earth’s Largest Selection of “Internationally Renowned & Awarded, World-Class Robotics Exhibits & Devices”; and “Hands On” Scientific, Technological & Interactive Art Exhibits), purchased a disused school on the plains of North Dakota and relocated to it. Profit from their International Exhibit Sales helps fund their Humanitarian R&D and the transformation of the 36,000 sq. ft. complex, surrounded by 10 acres in North Dakota, into a World-Class “Interactive, Robotics, Technology, Invention, Art & Nature Center”.
Description of MRISAR’s “Interactive; Robotics, Technology, Invention, Art & Nature Center”.
1- Our 7,000 sq. ft. Exhibit Hall will feature; our standard line of interactive robotic & technology exhibits that we sell to Centers world-wide and our exclusive collection of robotic exhibits & devices that we will not sell to anyone else. Our talking Rail Robot Guide will lead visitors through the exhibit hall. Interact with our innovative, lifelike, futuristic, Robotic creations. Examples; Play with & feed Artificial Life forms in a Robot Zoo! Challenge robots with your human intelligence! Interact with otherworldly artistic, interactive, robotic sculptures! It will also feature Responsible Technologies.
2- Our Art Galleries will display the hundreds of pieces of family friendly, original 2D, 3D and Interactive Art that our team has already created, plus have revolving Family Oriented Local Artists Exhibitions.
3- The surrounding 10 acres is slowly being transformed into an Outdoor Interactive Art & Nature Area that will be filled with paths, trees, gardens and kinetic & interactive, solar & wind, technological art sculptures. The emphasis is edible, medicinal & organic landscapes that promote sustainability & health. As of 2015 over 3,000 edible and medicinal trees and shrubs have been planted.
4- We will provide “Special Tours” of behind the scenes areas. Examples are; (a) our Humanitarian & Environmental Research & Development Think Tank Invention labs that feature our R & D Projects. (b) the actual workshops where the attractions are created (similar to visiting the workshops & creations of Jim Henson’s creature shop). (c) a behind the scenes view of the production studio for the web series we are creating called the “Mysterious Lab of Robotics” (our robotic version of “Bill Nye the Science Guy” or “Beakman’s World”). (d) a chance to meet MRISAR’s internationally renowned robotics R & D team. A four member family team who since 2000 has designed, fabricated & marketed the earth’s largest selection of world-class robotic exhibits. The 2 youngest members joined the team as preschoolers.
5- “Public Enrichment Events”. Examples are; (a) special overnight events called “A Night with the Robots” (available no-where else in the world). Families can make reservations to spend the night on the center floor in sleeping bags or cots and experience special robotic demonstrations in a futuristic atmosphere. In recent years “A Night at the Museum” events have become very popular and highly accepted. (b) special classes on robotics for the general public. (c) Robotics Competitions. We are already providing technical assistance to teachers and academic establishments (both in the state and outside of the country), that are trying to enter robotic competitions, but lack the knowledge to fully instruct and inspire their students. A natural progression for this, once we are open for tourism, would be to offer to hold regional, national and international competitions at our location. (d) International conferences regarding Robotics and Beneficial R & D Conferences. (e) Collaborations, enrichment classes and internships in enhanced technologies with higher academic establishments; combining elements such as Cybernetics, Bionics, Mechatronics, Autonomics, Animatronics & Teleoperation.
6- Admission will be free to the underprivileged. We hope to inspire the upcoming generation to create careers in responsible technologies that improve the quality of life.
7- The proceeds from the Center will help fund our R & D and further our creation of a “Prototype Environment, low cost, low impact, self-sustaining, alternative energy powered, Humanitarian & Environmental Research & Development institute with Think Tank Invention labs”. Our purpose is to invent and present responsible, low cost and easy to implement, beneficial humanitarian and environmental based technologies and methods that assist with social, ecological, sustainable and economic solutions. Accomplishing the prototype environment alone requires research & development of new technologies & improvement of existing technologies.
We have Designed, Fabricated & Marketed the Earth’s Largest Selection of "Internationally Renowned & Awarded" World-Class Robotics Exhibits & Devices; and “Hands On” Scientific, Technological & Interactive Art Exhibits. Our innovative, interactive, inexpensive, durable & easy to maintain creations incorporate interactive technologies & designs for people with disabilities and other special needs. We also provide our own Educational Kits & Materials for K thru 12/College & University level curriculums.
Our Exhibit Sales Customers include World-Class Science Centers, Museums, Universities, NASA, Royalty, Foreign & Domestic Governments, the Film Industries for inclusion in media productions, etc. We specialize in Cybernetics, Bionics, Mechatronics, Autonomics, Animatronics & Teleoperated devices.
Our Humanitarian & Environmental Research & Development has been presented before and/or published and awarded by: the United Nations, NASA-Emhart, Stanford, Cambridge, ICORR, ROMAN, IEEE, Discover Awards, International Federation of Robotics (IFR), etc. Our 1990's circa, original innovative R & D in "Facial Feature Controlled Technology" and "Artificial Sense of Touch Technology" (Adaptive Technology prototypes for the disabled), has helped pioneer those fields! We were the only company in the world to be awarded an entire chapter regarding our work in the International Federation of Robotics (IFR) “World Robotics; Service Robotics, 2011”.
Presidential Candidate 總統候選人
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Tianliang Ma
~ a Taiwanese social reformer, philosopher, photographer and film director
“Touching Fairness and Justice”
馬天亮
~ 臺灣的社會改革者，哲學家，攝影師，和電影導演
《感動的公平與正義》
TianLiang Maa, alternative spelling: Tianliang Ma, also known as Theophilus Raynsford Mann; Ma, Tianliang; Chinese: 馬天亮; 马天亮.
SUMMARY
TianLiang Maa is a naturalist, occultist, Buddhist and Taoist. In 1982, Maa developed a technique for abstract photography, applied “Rayonism” into photographic works. Maa staged 32 individual, extraordinary exhibitions around Taiwan, who was the first exhibitor around Formosa. Maa’s works is the beginning of modernization in the modern abstract arts in the world. At the University of Oxford, Maa’s attractive topic was “A View of Architectural History: Towns through the Ages from Winchester through London Arrived at Oxford in England”; also an author at the University of California, Berkeley and the University of Michigan in the United States; an alumnus from Christ Church College at the University of Oxford in England, the University of Glamorgan in Wales, and National Taiwan University in Taipei on Taiwan. Maa’s works have been quoted by the scholars many times, making Maa one of the highly cited technological, artistic, and managing public administrators in the academia. Maa was listed in “Taiwan Who’s Who In Business” © 1984, 1987, 1989 Harvard Management Service.
Early Life and Record of Genealogy
TianLiang Maa possesses both Taiwanese and German surnames from birth. Usually, whenever anyone asks Maa about where he comes from, he would reply “Formosa” as he grew up and was educated in the Far East and lives in Taiwanese and Japanese lifestyles. Moreover, he often teaches and educates younger generations based on the methods of the Far Eastern teaching he experienced when he was young, though he does not oppose the Western ways of teaching and thinking. Maa takes great pride in his roots, which go back 150 years (since 1864); Maa’s ancestry originates and creates generations, and prepares younger generations to succeed their personality and ethical standards and integrity.
Education in Taiwan and a Brief of Latest Generation of History in Taiwan / Formosa
In 1980, Maa obtained his postgraduate certificate from the Graduate Institute of Electrical Engineering of National Taiwan University in Taipei; successfully completed another graduate studies in Information dBase III Plus and Taiwanese Traditional Chinese Mandarin Information System at National Sun Yat-Sen University in Kaohsiung in 1989.
In history, the Portuguese explorers discovered and called the island (Taiwan), “Formosa” (meaning “Beautiful Island”) in 1590. They are non-Chinese people; it was long a Chinese and Japanese pirate base. Fighting continued, between its original inhabitants of Taiwanese and the Chinese settlers, into the 19th century. In 1894-95 first Sino-Japanese War that ended in Manchus of the Qing (Ching) dynasty defeat, the late Manchu Qing Government forced to cede Formosa to Japan. This result was made by the Treaty of Shomonoseki in 1895 and remained under Japanese control until the end of the Second World War. Early on, Taiwan was conquered by the Qing in 1683 and for the first time became part of older China dynasty. However, today, the home country of Maa’s origin has around 165 institutions (93 universities) of higher education, which now has one of the best-educated populations in Asia. Among the major public (state) ones are the National Taiwan University (NTU) at Taipei, and National Sun Yat-Sen University (NSYSU) at Kaohsiung. NSYSU is also called National Chun-Shan University; according to Times Higher Education 2010-2011, NSYSU ranks as the 3rd university in Taiwan, 21st in Asia, and 163rd worldwide. National Taiwan University is ranked 51 to 60 ranks on Times Higher Education World University Rankings - Top Universities by Reputation 2013, the United Kingdom (see www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/world-university-rankings/...); King's College London (KCL) (21st in the world and 6th in Europe in the 2010, QS World University Rankings), the University of London, and University of Southern California (is one of the world's leading private research universities, located in the heart of Los Angeles), afterward.
Backing to Maa’s early school-time of Taiwan Provincial Kaohsiung Industrial Senior High School (Kaohsiung Municipal Kaohsiung Industrial High school), the professional technical education, which is equivalent to Advanced Level General Certificate of Education, commonly referred to as an A-level in the United Kingdom; China Electronic Engineering College, the distance learning programme, which is in equivalence as UK’s Diploma of Higher Education / Undergraduate Diploma (as an Associate Degree in the United States). An additional, his middle education was taught by the Kaohsiung Municipal Chihjh (Ci Sian) Junior High School; and Kaohsiung Municipal San Min Elementary School was his first school in Taiwan.
Early Career
In 1989, Maa instituted Maa’s Office of Electrical Engineer, he settled himself in electrical technology and industries as a chief engineer in his early years. He put his professional and precise knowledge to good account in business management. A formal business management with business relationship established to provide for regular services, dealings, and other commercial transactions and deed. He had many customers having a business and credit relationship with his firm then he was a successful engineer.
Study Abroad and Immigration into the United Kingdom
In 1998, Maa studied abroad when he arrived in Great Britain; he studied at School of Built Environment, the University of Glamorgan (Prifysgol Morgannwg) in Merthyr Tydfil, Pontypridd, Wales for a master of science in real estate appraisal. Until the summer of 2000, Maa completed an academic course on “Towns through the Ages” from Christ Church College at the University of Oxford (is ranked the 2nd place worldwide on The Times Higher Education, World University Rankings 2012-2013
www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/world-university-rankings/...) in England. Afterward, Maa immigrated into the United Kingdom in the early year of 2004.
PHILOSOPHICAL VIEWS
Maa is a naturalist; he trusts spiritual naturalism and naturalistic spirituality, which teaches that “the unknown” created this wonderful world. “The unknown” arranged the nature with its law so that everything in nature is kept balanced and in order. However, human beings failed to control themselves, deliberately went against the law of nature, and resulted in disasters, which we deserved. He also is an occultist, a Taoist, and a Buddhist; but in Britain, he frequently goes to Christian and Catholic churches, where he makes friends with pastors and fathers as well as churchgoers. In his mind, he recognizes “Belief is truth held in the mind; faith is a fire in the heart”. He is always a freethinker, does not accept traditional, social, and religious teaching, but based on his ideas: a thought or conception that potentially and actually exists in his mind as a product of mental activity - his opinion, conviction, and principle. If people have not come across eastern classics and philosophy, we are afraid that people would never understand TianLiang Maa. People cannot judge an eastern philosopher based on western ways of thinking. He studies I Ching discovering eastern classics of ancient origin consisting of 64 interrelated hexagrams along with commentaries. The hexagrams embody Taoist philosophy by describing all nature and human endeavour in terms of the interaction of yin and yang, and the classics may be consulted as an oracle.
Back in the 1990s when Maa just arrived at England, he had been offered places to do Ph.D. and LL.M. degrees (degree in Law and Politics of the European Union) by several western professors in the Great Britain. He has met all the requirements for postgraduate admissions to study at UK’s universities.
During his time at Oxford, he learnt a lot of British culture and folk-custom while carrying out research with many British and Western professors, experts, and archaeologists. This proves that Maa understands various aspects in British society, culture, and lifestyles. Of course, he does not fully understand about the perspectives of thinking of a typical British. For example, what would be the most valuable in life for a British person? What would a British want to gain from life? What is the goal in life for a British? Is it fortune or a lover? Alternatively, perhaps honour? On the other hand, maybe being able to travel around the world and see the world?
FAIRNESS and JUSTICE
As TianLiang Maa’s (馬天亮) saying are:
“Touching Fairness and Justice”
Feel good about themselves, but do not know the sufferings of the people...
Who can get easy life like them?
What is profile of modern society?
What type and style is truly solemn for this society identify?
Where “the characterization” is? Who can see? Did you see it?
《感動的公平與正義》
自我感覺良好, 不知民間疾苦...
誰能得到安逸的生活如同他們一樣？
這是個什麼樣子的社會？
這個社會認定什麼樣的類型和風格是真正莊重的?
「特徵」在那裡？誰可以看到？你看到了嗎？
Jurisprudence and Political Philosophy and Perspectives
Maa ever studied judicial review and governmental action, the impact of law and legal techniques, constitutional mechanisms for the protection of basic rights, and ensuring the integrity of commercial activity, the impact of law and legal techniques on government, policymaking, and administration, as well as the creation of markets. He tries to understand these critical trends in the political development of modern state. Maa will combine both theoretical and empirical approaches, and the conditions for democratic transition and the nature of state development in the ‘post-industrial’ era of globalisation and economic integration.
According as Maa’s legal experiences, he comprehend that “the knowledge of the law is like a deep well, out of which each man draught according to the strength of his understanding”, and, law and arbitrary power are in eternal enmity. He is also sure law and institutions are constantly tending to gravitate like clocks; they must be occasionally cleansed, and wound up, and set to true time.
The government issues a decree - an authoritative order having the force of law, which charged with putting into effect a country's laws and the administering of its functions. Any of the officials promulgate a law or put into practice relating to the government charged with the execution and administration of the nation's laws then they announce and carry out the creation of any order or new policy that will be responsible for the people.
Maa had knowledge in connexion with construction law; he also understands architectural arts, and as well learnt the forms by combining materials and parts include as an integral part concerning modern construct. I ever built urban buildings and rural architecture in different styles under new housing and building projects by the governmental administration and construction corporations.
Right now, Maa studies the problems caused by ethnic disputes and human armed conflicts in the modern society resulted code of mixed civil and criminal procedure. He wishes an agreement or a treaty to end human hostilities - the absence of war and other hostilities around the world. The interrelation and arrangement of freedom from quarrels and disagreement become harmonious relations living in peace with each other. Actually, erect peace in more friendly ways of making friendships for modern human society is comfortable in my ideal. It is like building monolithic architecture: houses and buildings for the people. Maa would like to do “something beautiful for `the unknown`”.
In the ethnic disagreement and armed conflicts as concerning the poor people and children notwithstanding they live through a bad environment on any of poor or crowded village or town in a particular manner - lived frugally. However, after years of industrialisation as a more educated population, becomes more aware of global plenum, continuing to be alive. Environmental groups are increasing and lobbing government will legislate to stop bad environmental and social practices. The establishments of human rights’ wide and untiring efforts will be alleviated people’s suffering. And as well the poor people shall meet and debate sustainable development and for a concerted government led action towards sustainability is an example that the younger generation are concerned for the future. It shall be making the younger easier for their life and make better on their lives, and help them to build a better future.
In present world, Maa really knows the full meanings of “Fundamental Human Rights and Equal Opportunities for the People”. He thinks ethics is the moral code governing the daily conduct of the individual toward those about him / her. It represents those rules or principles by which men and women live and work in a spirit of mutual confidence and service. Without going into the question of how an ethical code was formulated or why anybody should obey it, we can look at the matter in a common-sense fashion with reference to its influence upon our legal affairs. In brief, from the law point of view, a reputable ethical code embodies the qualities of accuracy, dependability, fair play, sound judgement, and service. It is based upon honesty.
No person can have an ethical code that concerns him / her alone. Living in society, as he / she must, a person encounters others whose rights must be respected as well as his / her own. An honest regard for the rights of others is an essential element of any decent code of ethics, and one that anyone must observe if anybody intends to follow that code. After all, ethics is not something apart from human beings. Indeed, there is no such thing apart from our actions and us. It is the duty, therefore, of every man and woman in legal affairs to see that his daily associations with others are truly in conformity with the plain meaning of the Ten Commandments: “Thou shalt not barratry, thou shalt not bear false witness, thou shalt not receive illegal fee and the rest”.
The knowledge Maa has, in connection with legal affairs, was usually come from his precious experiences of his past over ten year’s law and political careers. In an interval regarded as a distinct period of 1980s, he studied mixed civil and crime, and the code of mixed civil and criminal procedure for the problems caused by ethnic disputes and human armed conflicts in the modern society. He was especially one who maintains the language and customs of the group, and social security in Taiwan.
Since 30 July of 1988, Maa settled himself in law as a chief executive and scrivener at Central Legal, Real Estate, and Accounting Services Office; it is in the equivalent to a solicitor of the United Kingdom. The Office provided full legal, accounting, real estate, and commercial services to the public. He did his job as a person legally appointed by another to act as his or her agent in the transaction of business, specifically one qualified and licensed to act for plaintiffs and defendants in legal proceedings and affairs. Over and above Maa was a chairman and executive consultant at Taiwan Credit Information Company®, founded in 1994. The company offered services to the public in response to need and demand in the area of credit information.
Maa had excellent experiences in political and law work was pertaining to mixed civil and crime, the code of mixed civil and criminal procedure, construction, and commercial law abroad. The experiences of legal services related to the rights of private individuals and legal proceedings concerning these rights as distinguished. In the criminal proceedings, he did many cases for the defendants. Although an act committed or omitted in violation of a law forbidding or commanding it and for which punishment is imposed upon conviction; but he also laid legal claim, required as useful, just, proper, or necessary to the defendants under the human rights in the meantime. This provision ensures to the defendant a real voice in the subject.
The men whose judgement we respect are those who do not allow prejudices, preferences, or personalities to influence their decisions. Profit and self-aggrandisement are likewise ignored in their determination to reach an equitable and fair settlement. What are the basic principles upon which good judgement is founded? A keen intellect, a normal emotionally, a through understanding of human nature, experience of law work, sincerity, and integrity.
Developed a Technique for Abstract Photography and Abstractionist
In 1982, Maa developed a technique for abstractive photography, which applied “rayonism” to the photographic works. In November of 1984, Maa was 26-year-old, he instructed many professors and students of National Taiwan Normal University in photography of abstract impressionism and rayonnisme in Taipei, Taiwan. The word “rayonnisme” is French for rayonism - a style of abstract painting developed in 1911 in Russia.
Photographic Exhibitions
TianLiang Maa (Theophilus Raynsford Mann) Photographic Exhibition of “Rayonnisme / Rayonism” Tour - Invitational Exhibition of Taiwan 1983-84.
一九八三〜八四年中華民國臺灣 馬天亮攝影巡迴邀請展
TianLiang Maa (Theophilus Raynsford Mann) Photographic Exhibition of Rayonnisme / Rayonism (32 individual exhibitions) 1983~1985.
馬天亮『光影』攝影特展（個人展32場）1983〜1985年.
Maa staged 32 individual, extraordinary exhibitions and annual special exhibitions on photography of abstractive image and Rayonnisme around Taiwan / Formosa. Maa was the first exhibitor around the country. All of the invited displays were by the Chinese Government, cultural and artistic organisations, and sponsors. Maa’s earliest exhibition took place in the National Taiwan Arts Education Institute (Museum) on 19 December 1983 when Maa was 25 years old; Maa was the youngest exhibitor in the history of the Institute in any solo exhibitions. The Institute that was opened in March 1957, kept a collection of Maa’s work. It is currently updating the Institute’s internal organisation and strengthening co-operation with leading institutes and museums around the world. Meanwhile, it widened the institute’s scope to increase its emphasis on Taiwan’ regional culture and folk arts.
Modernization in the Modern Abstract Arts of Taiwan
Maa’s works is the beginning of modernization in the modern abstract arts of Taiwan, China and greater Chinese society in the world. The use of “modernisation” as a concept that is opposed to “Traditional” of “Conservative” ideas began with the approach of the 20th century. It spreads rapidly through academic circles, and was broadly accepted as a means to reform society. Chinese Manchu Qing (Ching) dynasty’s first steps toward modernisation began in the Tung-chih era (1862-1874) with the “Self-Empowerment Movement”. During the late 19th century, as late Manchu dynasty was confronted on all sides by foreign aggression, voices throughout society debated the most effective means to reform and strengthen the country. Some advocated “combining the best of East and West”, while others went so far as to call for “complete Westernisation”. Taiwan was at the centre of these waves of reform. Faced with direct threats against the island by foreign enemies, the Chinese Ching dynasty court took special steps to push Taiwan’s modernisation.
In a role just like that of a gardener wanting to create a rich and fertile environment for the seeds of culture, one in which Maa may sprout, grow and bloom. Maa aims to provide an educational stimulus for society by introducing his works - Maa can express the neo-romantic spirit deftly from various creations and supporting international artistic exchanges. Maa believes that the first step in creating such a new and independent state is the real emergence of culture and arts, for which the art and science of designing and erecting buildings, and fine arts (including photography and motion picture) of the civilization is a good measurement of success. For the foreseeable future, Maa should be continuing to forge ahead, working diligently and unceasingly towards its mission of raising China and Formosa / Taiwan’s culture in his spare time.
Became an Author and a Scholar
In 1980, TianLiang Maa completed his first book - scenario original “The Soul's Sentimentalizing”, also named: “Hun Yun : Jin Qi Tu Rui” 電影原著《魂韻》(衿契吐蕊) then Maa was at the age of 22. In 1983, The General Library of the University of California, Berkeley in the United States of America, collected and kept Maa’s writings - scenario original 「魂韻 : 衿契吐蕊」“Hun Yun : jin qi tu rui”, included a musical composition of his own – “Sonate Nr. 1 C-dur op. 3 für Klavier (piano)”, composed on 3rd April 1977 then Maa was 18 years old. The works were published in 1980; the theme was based on “The Soul's Sentimentalizing”. Another masterpiece was an Album of Academic Work for News Publication “TianLiang Maa (Theophilus Raynsford Mann) Photographic Exhibition of Rayonnisme / Rayonism”, published in 1985. The Hathi Trust Digital Library, the University of Michigan also collected and kept Maa’s writings.
Authorship
Maa’s articles and writings were published in more than 200 different kinds of domestic and foreign magazines, newspapers, and periodicals, in the period between May of 1972 and 1990s. It was all started when Maa was just 13-year-old. Many of which have been very influential. These have been quoted by Western and Eastern scholars many times in the last few years, making Maa one of the highly cited technological, artistic, and managing public administrators in the world in the late 20th and early 21st century. The Ministry of the Interior in Taiwan had registered Maa’s professional writings and given him two certificates of copyright. The numbers are 33080 and 33081 on 4th July of 1985; and Taiwan’s Gazette of The Presidential Office issue No. 4499, featured his writings on 4th September 1985.
Became an Academic and Film Director
Today, Maa is a professor at Space Time Life Research Academy, and a photographer, film director, and computer engineer now live and work in London.
Director Works:
FILMS:
Experimental Film “New Image for the Spring” © 1982
Documentary Film “Rayonnisme” © 2011
“The Soul's Sentimentalizing” of the feature film is based on the scenario original “The Soul's Sentimentalizing” (preparation)
FASHION SHOWS:
New Image for the Spring of Shapely Models International © 1982
High Lights on the Summer and Fall Fashion of Shapely Models Int’l © 1982
ART EXHIBITIONS:
The Cadillac Club International Fine Arts Exhibition © 1981
The Cinematic & Photographic Arts Salon and the Hall of the Arts, Pegasus Academy of Arts © 1981
Musician Work:
MUSIC COMPOSITION:
Sonate Nr. 1 C-dur op. 3 für Klavier (piano) © 1977, © 1980, © 1981, © 1983, the theme was based on “The Soul's Sentimentalizing”.
PHOTOGRAPHIC ALBUMS:
Portrait and Landscape in France © 2000
Portrait and Landscape in Scotland © 2001
Portrait and Landscape in England © 2009
Portrait at Queen Mary, University of London © 2010
Rayonism of London © 2011
Portrait at The University of Nottingham, United Kingdom © 2011
Snowy London © 2012
Portrait at King's College London © 2013
BOOKS:
Scenario Original「魂韻」(衿契吐蕊) “Hun yun: jin qi tu rui” © December 1980, © 1981, © 1983 (Date of First Publication: 31 December 1980, Second Edition on 29 July 1981, Date of Revision: Revised Edition on 8 May 1983), Languages: Chinese (traditional), and English language.
“Album of the Cadillac Club International Fine Arts Exhibition” © 1981
“Album of the Cinematic & Photographic Arts Salon and the Hall of the Arts, Pegasus Academy of Arts” © 1981
“Album of New Image for the Spring of Shapely Models International” © 1982
“Album of High Lights on the Summer and Fall Fashion of Shapely Models Int’l” © 1982
“Romantic Carol” © 1982
Album of Academic Work for News Publication: “TianLiang Maa (Theophilus Raynsford Mann) Photographic Exhibitions of Rayonnisme” © May 1985
新聞出版之學術著作專輯「馬天亮『光影』“Rayonism” 攝影展」© May 1985
New version of scenario original “The Soul's Sentimentalizing” (to be published)
「曾經輝煌到頂天立地」 “The Indomitable Spirit Was Brilliant to Upright” (individual biography, to be published)
“My Life, My History, and My Love” (based on a legend, to be published, a film scenario will be developed later)
「感動的公平與正義」“Touching Fairness and Justice” (political science and social studies, to be published)
Research Interests:
University of Oxford
Research Studies in Archaeology:
Maa’s attractive topic was “A View of Architectural History: Towns through the Ages from Winchester through London Arrived at Oxford in England”.
National Taiwan University
Graduate Certificate,
Graduate Institute of Electrical Engineering:
Maa’s monograph of seminar was “Applied the sequence control in the electric power distribution engineering”.
University of Glamorgan
M.Sc. Course,
Master of Science in Real Estate Appraisal:
Maa’s thesis - major subject, with relevant construction law was “The Assignment is under Economics of Construction Management in Architecture”.
National Sun Yat-Sen University
Postgraduate Certificate,
Postgraduate Studies in Computing:
Maa’s required subject was Information dBase III Plus and Taiwanese Traditional Mandarin Chinese Information System. He combined academic course work and practical laboratory sessions in “Applied Mandarin Phonetic Symbols into Traditional Taiwanese Personal Computer and Its Information System”.
Associations:
Since 1980, a member of Chinese Taipei Film Archive (CTFA, National Film Archive, Taiwan; founded in 1978), The Motion Picture Foundation, R.O.C. (member of Fédération Internationale des Archives du Film, FIAF; The International Federation of Film Archives was founded in Paris in 1938 by the British Film Institute, the Museum of Modern Art in New York City, the Cinémathèque Française and the Reichsfilmarchiv in Berlin.)
Commissioner of the cinema, photography, radio, and television committee of The Culture and Arts Association (Chinese Writers and Artists Association) of Taiwan ever since September 1983.
Classic member, the membership is equivalent to a doctorate membership of the Chinese Institute of Electrical Engineering since 23 March 1984.
On 15 March 1989, Maa promoted and founded the Consortium Juridical Person Mr. TianLiang Maa Social Benefit Foundation 財團法人馬天亮先生社會公益基金會 in Taiwan. near.archives.gov.tw/cgi-bin/near2/nph-redirect?rname=tre...
Classic member, the membership is equal to a professor or associate professor of The Chinese Institute of Engineers since 30 September 1991.
Honours:
Listed on ‘Taiwan Who’s Who In Business’, © 1984, © 1987, and © 1989 Harvard Management Service.
中華民國企業名人錄編纂委員會, 哈佛企業管理顧問公司.
On 26 August 1985, Maa was awarded a professional certificate of the Outdoor Artistry Activities issued by Education Bureau, Kaohsiung City Government, Taiwan. He acquired awards and certificates of honour about twenty times from National Taiwan Arts Education Center (Museum) on 24 December 1983; Kaohsiung Municipal Social Education Center on 17 March 1984, Kaohsiung Cultural Center, Taipei Cultural Center (Taipei Municipal Social Education Hall); and Taiwan Province Government, Taipei City Government, Kaohsiung City Government, and many cultural centres and art galleries, and so on.
Careers:
Honorary Professor at Space Time Life Research Academy, 7 June 2012 to present; Professor at Space Time Life Research Academy, 1 September 2011 to 1 June 2012 in London, United Kingdom:
Academia,
Teaching and Research:
business management and consultant, political philosophy, Chinese classics, Chinese humanities, modern Chinese language and literature, photography (portrait, fashion, commercial, digital, architectural, abstract photography), visual arts and film production.
教學與研究：
企業管理及顧問、政治哲學、中華經典 (古典漢學、文學、藝術、語言) 、中華人文、中華現代語言與文學、攝影 (人像、時裝、商業、數位/數碼、建築、抽象攝影) ，視覺藝術和影片製作。
Consultant and Translator at Eternal Life Consultants of Immigration and Translations Services, 10 March 2004 to present in London, United Kingdom:
consultants of immigration, translations, and legal services.
永生移民顧問翻譯服務社的移民諮詢顧問和翻譯：
移民事務，翻譯和法律服務。
Computer Hardware & Networking Engineer at Maa Office of Electrical Engineer, 8 March 2004 to present in London, United Kingdom:
Computer Engineering and Network Services. Repairing of Motherboards, Monitors, Power Supplies, CD-ROM Drives; UPS, Hard Disk Drives, H.D.D Data Recovery; BIOS Programming, and all types of Computer Hardware and Software Solutions.
計算機工程和網絡服務。維修主機板，顯示器，電源供應器，光碟機/光盘驱动器，不斷電系統，硬碟/硬盘，硬盤數據恢復，基本輸入輸出系統編程，以及所有類型的電腦/計算機硬體/硬件和軟體/軟件解決方案。
Film Director & Photographer at Photographer and Film Director (Shapely), 2 April 2007 to present in London, United Kingdom:
1) Photo, Video and Film Production; 2) Graphic Design, Web Design, Social Networking, Social Media and Advertising; 3) Architectural Design and Interior Design.
www.facebook.com/filmshapely/info
Reformer and Philosopher at Taiwanese Social Reformer and Philosopher, 7 April 2012 (location: Los Angeles, California) to present in London, United Kingdom:
Social Reform in Taiwan
www.facebook.com/twreform/info
《魂韻》(衿契吐蕊) - 馬天亮22歲寫的電影原著。TianLiang Maa (Theophilus Raynsford Mann) wrote “Hun Yun” (Jin Qi Tu Rui), scenario original “The Soul’s Sentimentalizing” © 1980, 1981, 1983, was at the age of 22.
Website
mtltwp.pixnet.net/album/set/1265174
photo.roodo.com/photos/mtltwp/albums/small/100469.html
Sonate Nr. 1 C-dur op. 3 für Klavier (piano) by Theophilus Raynsford Mann (TianLiang Maa 馬天亮) © 1977, © 1980, © 1981, © 1983. The Sonate composed on 3rd April 1977 then Maa was 18-year-old. The work was published in 1980; the theme was based on “The Soul's Sentimentalizing”.
Website
LINKS:
University of California, Berkeley
berkeley.worldcat.org/search?q=Ma%2C+Tianliang&dblist...
berkeley.worldcat.org/title/hun-yun/oclc/813684284?refere...
oskicat.berkeley.edu/record=b11283690~S1
University of Michigan
mirlyn.lib.umich.edu/Record/006237256
catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/006237256
WorldCat® Identities
www.worldcat.org/search?q=au%3AMa%2C+Tianliang%2C&dbl...
www.worldcat.org/wcidentities/np-ma,%20tianliang$1958
Google Books
books.google.co.uk/books?id=PkyaAAAAIAAJ&redir_esc=y
books.google.co.uk/books?id=JfxnMwEACAAJ&dq=editions:...
scholar.google.com/scholar?cluster=3569983911138966023&am...
National Bibliographic Information Network (NBINet)
nbinet3.ncl.edu.tw/search~S10?/a%7bu99AC%7d%7bu5929%7d%7b...
192.83.186.170/search*cht/a%E9%A6%AC%E5%A4%A9%E4%BA%AE
National Yang Ming University 國立陽明大學
library.ym.edu.tw/search~S7*cht?/tThe+Soul%27s+and+sentim...
National Taiwan University of Science and Technology 國立臺灣科技大學
millennium.lib.ntust.edu.tw/record=b1016706~S1
Wikimedia Commons 維基共享資源
commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?search=TianLiang+Maa+%E...
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:TianLiang_Maa_馬天亮.jpg
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:馬天亮_TianLiang_Maa.jpg
國家圖書館 期刊文獻資訊網, 臺灣期刊論文索引
readopac3.ncl.edu.tw/nclJournal/search/search_result.jsp?...
聲音藝術的審美角度, 大學雜誌, 天然
readopac3.ncl.edu.tw/nclJournal/search/detail.jsp?sysId=0...,
readopac3.ncl.edu.tw/nclJournal/search/detail.jsp?sysId=0...
為文化中心把脈, 幼獅文藝
readopac3.ncl.edu.tw/nclJournal/search/detail.jsp?sysId=0...,
科學家與守財奴, 中國地方自治
weblib.exam.gov.tw/ccdb2/Result_List.asp?idx_id=CCVOL&...
Yahoo, Bing, Google Search
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Atomzone
atomzone.co.uk/images/search/馬天亮
atomzone.co.uk/images/search/Ma+Tianliang
lurvely.com www.lurvely.com/photographer/77438197_N03/
www.flickriver.com/photos/mtltwp/
www.flickriver.com/photos/mtltwpprof/
Nature - National Library Board Singapore
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snap.nl.sg/searchflickr.aspx?q=TianLiang+Maa+&p=1&...
画像検索
flickr.akitomo.net/TianLiang+Maa/1
Japan Photos and Pictures
japan.pictures-photos.com/professor-tianliang-maa%E2%80%A6
summer.pictures-photos.com/professor-tianliang-maa%E2%80%A6
far-east-movement - Blogcu (Turkey)
far-east-movement.blogcu.com/professor-tianliang-maa/1226...
man fashion
spirehim.com/3454/professor-tianliang-maa-%E9%A6%AC%E5%A4...
Travel Splash
travel-splash.com/photos/view.php?id=13397167315&sear...
Country profile Taiwan
atomzone.co.uk/images/search/Country+profile+Taiwan
itpints
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AskJot
askjot.com/search/TianLiang-Maa
Who is talking
whotalking.com/flickr/TianLiang+Maa
University of California, Berkeley period
atomzone.co.uk/scaffold/images/search/University%20of%20C...
University of Michigan period
atomzone.co.uk/scaffold/images/search/University%20of%20M...
University of Oxford period
atomzone.co.uk/scaffold/images/search/University%20of%20O...
www.wer-ist.org/person/Oxford_Archaeology
University of Glamorgan period
atomzone.co.uk/images/search/University+of+Glamorgan+period
www.worldofbuildings.worldofbuildings.org/flickr/wob_flic...
University of Huddersfield period
atomzone.co.uk/scaffold/images/search/Huddersfield%20period
art galleries uk
artgalleriesuk.blogspot.co.uk/2012/08/bigandtall-stores-s...
Mitrasites system
sites.google.com/site/mitrasites/system/app/pages/customS...
articles.whmsoft
articles.whmsoft.com/related_search.php?keyword=Tianliang...
pantieslace-forwomen.blogspot.co.uk/2012/08/motherhood-ma...
3piece-suits.blogspot.co.uk/2012/07/nursing-shawl-become-...
3piece-suits.blogspot.co.uk/2012/08/body-briefers-childre...
www.flickriver.com/search/%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%B8+OR.../intere...
www.flickriver.com/search/%E8%AB%96%E6%96%87+OR.../recent/
German
www.wer-ist.org/person/Jin_Mann
www.pediatr.org.tw/DB/News/file/1913-1.pdf
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Technological developments in the area of AI take place primarily in the civil domain. Any discussion of this topic should seek to avoid compartmentalisation, instead aiming for a broad multilateral and multi-stakeholder approach that includes both the public and the private domains.
With this in mind, the summit will bring together high-level representatives of government bodies, civil society organisations, knowledge institutions and the private sector in order to discuss the key opportunities, challenges and risks associated with military applications of AI.
Photo: Ministry of Foreign Affairs / Henriette Guest
Technological developments in the area of AI take place primarily in the civil domain. Any discussion of this topic should seek to avoid compartmentalisation, instead aiming for a broad multilateral and multi-stakeholder approach that includes both the public and the private domains.
With this in mind, the summit will bring together high-level representatives of government bodies, civil society organisations, knowledge institutions and the private sector in order to discuss the key opportunities, challenges and risks associated with military applications of AI.
Photo: Ministry of Foreign Affairs / Henriette Guest
The Technological Elixir takes the reader on a journey through philosophy and technology in an effort to attain that coveted medicine of the alchemists by the way of objectivity and reason. As the subtitle "Invoking Artificial Intelligence & Understanding the Arcanum of Mysticism" suggests, you will be taken through a world of balance in addressing the moral maturity of mankind in creating technologies such as AI or those that may indefinitely sustain life. Find out more about this show and our guest, Ryan D. Gable, here:
Alpha Sigma Tau- "In the land of vikings near, eat food on sticks and give a cheer! Depicted here in snowy weather the great Minnesota Get-Together."
Lokman Hossain works as a cleaner, in Nanyang Technological University, in Singapore. "There are Bangladeshi girls from well to do families who study here. We hear them talk to each other in Bangla, but when we try to talk to them, they pretend they don't know the language". Part of Migrant soul project, an attempt to understand the dreams and the realities of Bangladeshi migrant people. www.migrantsoul.net
The technological progress and captivating luxury of the golden age of travels across the Atlantic Ocean are the inspiration for this timepiece from the Montblanc 4810 collection. Exuding the distinctive elegance of Montblanc, it combines useful functionality with sophisticated refinement
An original Interactive Art Sculpture designed and created by MRISAR’s R&D Team.
"Touch Spectrum" Directions: Place one hand on each metal plate and the Touch Spectrum will react by creating sounds and light patterns. Or place one hand on a metal plate and have another person place one of their hands on the other plate and then touch each of your remaining hands together. Try touching it with only a finger tip, then place your whole hand on the plate. Notice how the sound deepens as your hand covers more surface. This occurs because your body is the conductor for the electrical current and the more surface you cover the larger the conductive pathway is. This increase in conductivity creates deeper tones. This exhibit was designed for public safety!!
The sculpture conducts a small electrical signal, which turns on an oscillator, which creates sounds. As more users touch the plates the sounds develop deep tonal qualities that are reminiscent of musical notes. It also illustrates touch switch technology, energy conversion, photovoltaic and photonic science, electrical conductance and oscillator theory.
In 2010 MRISAR, (a business that has Designed, Fabricated & Marketed the Earth’s Largest Selection of “Internationally Renowned & Awarded, World-Class Robotics Exhibits & Devices”; and “Hands On” Scientific, Technological & Interactive Art Exhibits), purchased a disused school on the plains of North Dakota and relocated to it. Profit from their International Exhibit Sales helps fund their Humanitarian R&D and the transformation of the 36,000 sq. ft. complex, surrounded by 10 acres in North Dakota, into a World-Class “Interactive, Robotics, Technology, Invention, Art & Nature Center”.
Description of MRISAR’s “Interactive; Robotics, Technology, Invention, Art & Nature Center”.
1- Our 7,000 sq. ft. Exhibit Hall will feature; our standard line of interactive robotic & technology exhibits that we sell to Centers world-wide and our exclusive collection of robotic exhibits & devices that we will not sell to anyone else. Our talking Rail Robot Guide will lead visitors through the exhibit hall. Interact with our innovative, lifelike, futuristic, Robotic creations. Examples; Play with & feed Artificial Life forms in a Robot Zoo! Challenge robots with your human intelligence! Interact with otherworldly artistic, interactive, robotic sculptures! It will also feature Responsible Technologies.
2- Our Art Galleries will display the hundreds of pieces of family friendly, original 2D, 3D and Interactive Art that our team has already created, plus have revolving Family Oriented Local Artists Exhibitions.
3- The surrounding 10 acres is slowly being transformed into an Outdoor Interactive Art & Nature Area that will be filled with paths, trees, gardens and kinetic & interactive, solar & wind, technological art sculptures. The emphasis is edible, medicinal & organic landscapes that promote sustainability & health. As of 2015 over 3,000 edible and medicinal trees and shrubs have been planted.
4- We will provide “Special Tours” of behind the scenes areas. Examples are; (a) our Humanitarian & Environmental Research & Development Think Tank Invention labs that feature our R & D Projects. (b) the actual workshops where the attractions are created (similar to visiting the workshops & creations of Jim Henson’s creature shop). (c) a behind the scenes view of the production studio for the web series we are creating called the “Mysterious Lab of Robotics” (our robotic version of “Bill Nye the Science Guy” or “Beakman’s World”). (d) a chance to meet MRISAR’s internationally renowned robotics R & D team. A four member family team who since 2000 has designed, fabricated & marketed the earth’s largest selection of world-class robotic exhibits. The 2 youngest members joined the team as preschoolers.
5- “Public Enrichment Events”. Examples are; (a) special overnight events called “A Night with the Robots” (available no-where else in the world). Families can make reservations to spend the night on the center floor in sleeping bags or cots and experience special robotic demonstrations in a futuristic atmosphere. In recent years “A Night at the Museum” events have become very popular and highly accepted. (b) special classes on robotics for the general public. (c) Robotics Competitions. We are already providing technical assistance to teachers and academic establishments (both in the state and outside of the country), that are trying to enter robotic competitions, but lack the knowledge to fully instruct and inspire their students. A natural progression for this, once we are open for tourism, would be to offer to hold regional, national and international competitions at our location. (d) International conferences regarding Robotics and Beneficial R & D Conferences. (e) Collaborations, enrichment classes and internships in enhanced technologies with higher academic establishments; combining elements such as Cybernetics, Bionics, Mechatronics, Autonomics, Animatronics & Teleoperation.
6- Admission will be free to the underprivileged. We hope to inspire the upcoming generation to create careers in responsible technologies that improve the quality of life.
7- The proceeds from the Center will help fund our R & D and further our creation of a “Prototype Environment, low cost, low impact, self-sustaining, alternative energy powered, Humanitarian & Environmental Research & Development institute with Think Tank Invention labs”. Our purpose is to invent and present responsible, low cost and easy to implement, beneficial humanitarian and environmental based technologies and methods that assist with social, ecological, sustainable and economic solutions. Accomplishing the prototype environment alone requires research & development of new technologies & improvement of existing technologies.
We have Designed, Fabricated & Marketed the Earth’s Largest Selection of "Internationally Renowned & Awarded" World-Class Robotics Exhibits & Devices; and “Hands On” Scientific, Technological & Interactive Art Exhibits. Our innovative, interactive, inexpensive, durable & easy to maintain creations incorporate interactive technologies & designs for people with disabilities and other special needs. We also provide our own Educational Kits & Materials for K thru 12/College & University level curriculums.
Our Exhibit Sales Customers include World-Class Science Centers, Museums, Universities, NASA, Royalty, Foreign & Domestic Governments, the Film Industries for inclusion in media productions, etc. We specialize in Cybernetics, Bionics, Mechatronics, Autonomics, Animatronics & Teleoperated devices.
Our Humanitarian & Environmental Research & Development has been presented before and/or published and awarded by: the United Nations, NASA-Emhart, Stanford, Cambridge, ICORR, ROMAN, IEEE, Discover Awards, International Federation of Robotics (IFR), etc. Our 1990's circa, original innovative R & D in "Facial Feature Controlled Technology" and "Artificial Sense of Touch Technology" (Adaptive Technology prototypes for the disabled), has helped pioneer those fields! We were the only company in the world to be awarded an entire chapter regarding our work in the International Federation of Robotics (IFR) “World Robotics; Service Robotics, 2011”.
Despite the fact that the Voigtlander is an f/1.2 lens I discovered that most of my images were at f/22.
Grangegorman College has recently become Technological University Dublin [TU]
I live so close to this college campus that I could claim that I live on it and i expect that it will, over the next few years, have a massive impact on the local area. I am hoping that it will be a positive impact.
Grangegorman Campus Development: TU Dublin, in conjunction with the Grangegorman Development Agency, Health Service Executive and Dublin City Council is developing a new unified campus which will be located at Grangegorman in Dublin’s North West Inner city. The campus will bring together the University's core and supporting activities in a single vibrant environment, integrating with the strategic development of Dublin City and providing a range of facilities for Students and Staff, for industry and the wider community. Together with the existing Campus in Blanchardstown and Tallaght this will be the heart of the new Technological University Dublin.
The 40 mm/1:1.2 Nokton is a fast, manual lens. It is the world`s first full-frame 40 mm lens with an aperture of f/1.2, while retaining a compact size. The optical formula includes two aspherical lenses, and the photographer can rely on optical performance and enjoy a smooth bokeh at the maximum aperture.
Images of some of the original Robotic, Science and Interactive Art Exhibits that MRISAR’s R&D Team has designed and fabricated.
In 2010 MRISAR, (a business that has Designed, Fabricated & Marketed the Earth’s Largest Selection of “Internationally Renowned & Awarded, World-Class Robotics Exhibits & Devices”; and “Hands On” Scientific, Technological & Interactive Art Exhibits), purchased a disused school on the plains of North Dakota and relocated to it. Profit from their International Exhibit Sales helps fund their Humanitarian R&D and the transformation of the 36,000 sq. ft. complex, surrounded by 10 acres in North Dakota, into a World-Class “Interactive, Robotics, Technology, Invention, Art & Nature Center”.
Description of MRISAR’s “Interactive; Robotics, Technology, Invention, Art & Nature Center”.
1- Our 7,000 sq. ft. Exhibit Hall will feature; our standard line of interactive robotic & technology exhibits that we sell to Centers world-wide and our exclusive collection of robotic exhibits & devices that we will not sell to anyone else. Our talking Rail Robot Guide will lead visitors through the exhibit hall. Interact with our innovative, lifelike, futuristic, Robotic creations. Examples; Play with & feed Artificial Life forms in a Robot Zoo! Challenge robots with your human intelligence! Interact with otherworldly artistic, interactive, robotic sculptures! It will also feature Responsible Technologies.
2- Our Art Galleries will display the hundreds of pieces of family friendly, original 2D, 3D and Interactive Art that our team has already created, plus have revolving Family Oriented Local Artists Exhibitions.
3- The surrounding 10 acres is slowly being transformed into an Outdoor Interactive Art & Nature Area that will be filled with paths, trees, gardens and kinetic & interactive, solar & wind, technological art sculptures. The emphasis is edible, medicinal & organic landscapes that promote sustainability & health. As of 2015 over 3,000 edible and medicinal trees and shrubs have been planted.
4- We will provide “Special Tours” of behind the scenes areas. Examples are; (a) our Humanitarian & Environmental Research & Development Think Tank Invention labs that feature our R & D Projects. (b) the actual workshops where the attractions are created (similar to visiting the workshops & creations of Jim Henson’s creature shop). (c) a behind the scenes view of the production studio for the web series we are creating called the “Mysterious Lab of Robotics” (our robotic version of “Bill Nye the Science Guy” or “Beakman’s World”). (d) a chance to meet MRISAR’s internationally renowned robotics R & D team. A four member family team who since 2000 has designed, fabricated & marketed the earth’s largest selection of world-class robotic exhibits. The 2 youngest members joined the team as preschoolers.
5- “Public Enrichment Events”. Examples are; (a) special overnight events called “A Night with the Robots” (available no-where else in the world). Families can make reservations to spend the night on the center floor in sleeping bags or cots and experience special robotic demonstrations in a futuristic atmosphere. In recent years “A Night at the Museum” events have become very popular and highly accepted. (b) special classes on robotics for the general public. (c) Robotics Competitions. We are already providing technical assistance to teachers and academic establishments (both in the state and outside of the country), that are trying to enter robotic competitions, but lack the knowledge to fully instruct and inspire their students. A natural progression for this, once we are open for tourism, would be to offer to hold regional, national and international competitions at our location. (d) International conferences regarding Robotics and Beneficial R & D Conferences. (e) Collaborations, enrichment classes and internships in enhanced technologies with higher academic establishments; combining elements such as Cybernetics, Bionics, Mechatronics, Autonomics, Animatronics & Teleoperation.
6- Admission will be free to the underprivileged. We hope to inspire the upcoming generation to create careers in responsible technologies that improve the quality of life.
7- The proceeds from the Center will help fund our R & D and further our creation of a “Prototype Environment, low cost, low impact, self-sustaining, alternative energy powered, Humanitarian & Environmental Research & Development institute with Think Tank Invention labs”. Our purpose is to invent and present responsible, low cost and easy to implement, beneficial humanitarian and environmental based technologies and methods that assist with social, ecological, sustainable and economic solutions. Accomplishing the prototype environment alone requires research & development of new technologies & improvement of existing technologies.
We have Designed, Fabricated & Marketed the Earth’s Largest Selection of "Internationally Renowned & Awarded" World-Class Robotics Exhibits & Devices; and “Hands On” Scientific, Technological & Interactive Art Exhibits. Our innovative, interactive, inexpensive, durable & easy to maintain creations incorporate interactive technologies & designs for people with disabilities and other special needs. We also provide our own Educational Kits & Materials for K thru 12/College & University level curriculums.
Our Exhibit Sales Customers include World-Class Science Centers, Museums, Universities, NASA, Royalty, Foreign & Domestic Governments, the Film Industries for inclusion in media productions, etc. We specialize in Cybernetics, Bionics, Mechatronics, Autonomics, Animatronics & Teleoperated devices.
Our Humanitarian & Environmental Research & Development has been presented before and/or published and awarded by: the United Nations, NASA-Emhart, Stanford, Cambridge, ICORR, ROMAN, IEEE, Discover Awards, International Federation of Robotics (IFR), etc. Our 1990's circa, original innovative R & D in "Facial Feature Controlled Technology" and "Artificial Sense of Touch Technology" (Adaptive Technology prototypes for the disabled), has helped pioneer those fields! We were the only company in the world to be awarded an entire chapter regarding our work in the International Federation of Robotics (IFR) “World Robotics; Service Robotics, 2011”.
Technological, Connected, Patriotic
Cisco is a company that has a reputation for being a stable resource for internet, the colors show it as trustworthy
BOEING LGM-118A PEACEKEEPER
The Peacekeeper was the U.S. Air Force's most powerful, accurate and technologically advanced intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) when it served as a deterrent from 1986 to 2005. The USAF began planning for a missile to replace Minuteman ICBMs in 1972, and named the projected weapon "missile X," or MX. It would use the latest targeting technology to deliver many independently targeted nuclear warheads by each missile. The ability to deliver several warheads on one missile is known as MIRV, or Multiple Independently targeted Re-entry Vehicles. MX eventually was named Peacekeeper and designated LGM-118A.
Full-scale development of the Peacekeeper began in 1979, and the first test flight took place in 1983 at Vandenberg AFB, Calif. It became operational in 1986, when ten missiles were deployed at F.E. Warren AFB, Wyo. By 1988, 50 missiles were in service there.
Basing--whether in stationary hardened silos or on mobile railways that would keep the Soviets guessing at the missiles' true location--was a major issue during Peacekeeper's development. Funding problems and competing ideas about the wisdom of each basing solution delayed Peacekeeper production and deployment. Eventually, it was decided to base all LGM-118As in hardened, underground silos.
Peacekeeper was a four-stage missile, and it was the first U.S. ICBM to use "cold launch" technology. This meant the missile was shot out of a storage canister in a modified Minuteman underground silo by a massive burst of high-pressure steam, and its first-stage solid-rocket motor ignited only after the missile cleared the silo. The next two stages, also solid-fuel rockets, boosted the missile's payload into space. The fourth stage, or post-boost vehicle, contained the missile's guidance and re-entry systems. This liquid-fueled stage maneuvered in space to properly orient the re-entry system, which activated and released up to ten nuclear warheads. Each warhead was contained in a small MK-21 re-entry vehicle, and each followed an independent ballistic, or unpowered, path during descent to its target. Accuracy depended on the warheads being released in the right direction at the proper altitude and speed.
The Peacekeeper modernized and improved U.S. nuclear deterrence, but the end of the Cold War made its mission less crucial. The Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START) II, signed in 1993 with Russia, removed all multiple-warhead ICBMs, and thus, spelled the end for Peacekeeper. As a result of the changed strategic world situation, deactivation of all 50 LGM-118As began in 2003 and was completed in 2005. Some Peacekeepers, no longer needed as ICBMs, were used as satellite launch vehicles.
TECHNICAL NOTES
Payload: 10 Avco MK-21 re-entry vehicles
Stages: (1st) solid fuel, Thiokol; (2nd) solid fuel, Aerojet; (3rd) solid fuel, Hercules: (4th) storable liquid fuel, Rocketdyne
Maximum speed: Approximately 15,000 mph
Range: Greater than 6,000 miles
Guidance: Inertial
Height: 71 ft
Weight: 195,000 lbs
Technological developments in the area of AI take place primarily in the civil domain. Any discussion of this topic should seek to avoid compartmentalisation, instead aiming for a broad multilateral and multi-stakeholder approach that includes both the public and the private domains.
With this in mind, the summit will bring together high-level representatives of government bodies, civil society organisations, knowledge institutions and the private sector in order to discuss the key opportunities, challenges and risks associated with military applications of AI.
Photo: Ministry of Foreign Affairs / Martijn Beekman
The Texas Technological College Dairy Barn stands on the Texas Tech University campus in Lubbock. It was built in 1926-27 using the designs of Wyatt C. Hedrick, and served as a teaching facility for 40 years.
Until 1935, students would bring their own cows to campus and market their own milk products through the Student Dairy Association. After 1927, the Dairy Manufacturers department sold milk and ice cream to Lubbock residents and college cafeterias. The university moved its dairy facility elsewhere in 1967 and abandoned the dairy barn.
From 1990 through 1992, students raised funds to preserve the barn as a symbol of Texas Tech's agricultural roots. The building was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.
Information from: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas_Technological_College_Dairy_Barn
Located in the South Plains region of West Texas, where the Panhandle begins, Lubbock is the seat of Lubbock County and home to Texas Tech University. It was the 11th largest city in the state in 2020 with roughly 260,000 people.
Lawrence Technological Institute gets ready for their brake test at the 2017 Formula Hybrid competition.
Photo by Karen Endicott.
Despite the fact that the Voigtlander is an f/1.2 lens I discovered that most of my images were at f/22.
Grangegorman College has recently become Technological University Dublin [TU]
I live so close to this college campus that I could claim that I live on it and i expect that it will, over the next few years, have a massive impact on the local area. I am hoping that it will be a positive impact.
Grangegorman Campus Development: TU Dublin, in conjunction with the Grangegorman Development Agency, Health Service Executive and Dublin City Council is developing a new unified campus which will be located at Grangegorman in Dublin’s North West Inner city. The campus will bring together the University's core and supporting activities in a single vibrant environment, integrating with the strategic development of Dublin City and providing a range of facilities for Students and Staff, for industry and the wider community. Together with the existing Campus in Blanchardstown and Tallaght this will be the heart of the new Technological University Dublin.
The 40 mm/1:1.2 Nokton is a fast, manual lens. It is the world`s first full-frame 40 mm lens with an aperture of f/1.2, while retaining a compact size. The optical formula includes two aspherical lenses, and the photographer can rely on optical performance and enjoy a smooth bokeh at the maximum aperture.
UNIMAS Institute Open Day 2018 -Institute of Social Informatics and Technological Innovation (ISITI) Celebrating UNIMAS 25 years of Excellence!
#UNIMAS25
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Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
more info : www.unimas.my
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1936 Lancia Astura Cabriolet Series III 'Tipo Bocca' by Pinin Farina
$1,380,000 USD | Sold
From Sotheby's:
LANCIA: TECHNOLOGY MEETS ARTISTRY
As might be expected for an automaker founded by an engineer and racing driver, Lancia, established by Vincenzo Lancia in 1906, prioritized technological innovation, performance, and quality from its earliest days. This approach bore bountiful fruit in motorsport, with Lancia’s epic history of competition success needing little introduction here.
Naturally, when Lancia applied this same uncompromising formula to larger and more luxurious cars, the results were no less spectacular—and this breathtaking 1936 Lancia Astura Cabriolet Series III “Tipo Bocca,” with its unique bodywork by Pinin Farina, represents the very best of the marque’s ample pre-war capabilities.
The Lancia Astura was introduced in in November 1931 as a replacement for the flagship Dilambda, and it would be built in four series before production ceased in 1939. Reflecting a new Italian nationalism, Lancia broke their precedent of assigning their cars the letters of the Greek alphabet and instead named the new model Astura, after an ancient island castle south of Rome. The Astura was packed with innovations, including an independent front suspension with self-lubricating sliding pillars; the live rear axle was controlled by friction dampers that could be adjusted to suit with dashboard-mounted controls, and a Bijur central lubrication system was fitted. The third series also received a Dewandre brake servo for the four-wheel drum brakes and a 78-liter fuel tank.
The centerpiece, however, was Lancia’s V-8 engine. Although Lancia was not the first automaker to bring a V-8 to market, it had its own distinctive approach to the formula, creating its famous narrow-angle engines. By employing a vee angle much narrower than that of the typical V-8, Lancia was able to build an engine that had some of the casting and production advantages of a traditional inline-eight while offering many of the packaging benefits of the more compact V-8 configuration. Starting with the second series, the Astura’s engine was mounted on rubber isolators, further improving powertrain refinement.
The Astura’s third series, known as the Tipo 233 and arriving for 1933, is of particular note. In addition to a larger, 2,973-cubic-centimeter V-8 rated at 82 horsepower, the Astura was for the first time offered in two wheelbase lengths. Nine hundred and eight were built as Lungo, with a wheelbase of 131 inches as the Tipo 233L, while 328 were constructed to Corto specification on a wheelbase of 122 inches as Tipo 233C. When the Astura’s fourth series arrived, only a long-wheelbase version was offered, denying coachbuilders the choice afforded by the previous iteration.
THE PREMIERE ‘TIPO BOCCA’
The present car, Tipo 233C chassis number 33-5313, is one of the 328 Corto Asturas produced on the short-wheelbase 122-inch platform. Fitted with engine number 91-1171, it was delivered as a bare chassis to Pinin Farina in the summer of 1936 and clothed in a body designed by Mario Revelli di Beaumont, who took full advantage of the narrow-angle V-8 to create a rakish yet restrained cabriolet design. The design would come to be known as “Tipo Bocca” in reference to Vittorio Bocca, an important Lancia dealer at the time who would eventually commission a number of cars in this style.
The aerodynamic profile features a sloping, rounded grille, whose horizontal bars are interrupted by a dramatic “waterfall” of chrome strakes running from the slim, elegant bumper to the base of a vee’d windshield. The peaked front fenders are separated from the body by rounded fairings that feature individually integrated headlights and driving lights, while the rear fender spats also contribute to the clean, smooth lines. The open car’s streamlined horizontal emphasis is reinforced by a chrome strake running the entire length of the body as well as horizontal engine compartment vents, features that are accentuated when the halves of the split windshield are folded flat. Gently curving body sides feature an early use of curved side windows. Highlighting the car’s restrained elegance was its subtle, pale grey paint with blue upholstery and power-actuated convertible top, the latter a great novelty for 1936.
The newly completed cabriolet was displayed on the Pinin Farina stand at the 1936 Salone del l’Automobile, Milano, where it received the President’s Cup from the Royal Automobile Club of Italy (R.A.C.I.). Following the show, chassis number 33-5313 was acquired by Ghiara & C., Lancia’s main agent in Genoa. Ghiara sold the car to Cav. Piero Sanguineti, a local industrialist, for about 75,000 Lire (the equivalent of about $4,200 at the time). In May 1937, Sanguineti showed the car in the inaugural Concorso d’Eleganza per Automobili, San Remo, where it received a class award.
The car was subsequently purchased by Emil Uebel, Lancia’s German distributor, who apparently kept it in his main facility in Berlin-Charlottenburg. Wartime records no longer exist, offering no explanation of whether Uebel sold the car or retained it for himself, or how and where the car survived the conflict. But survive, it certainly did, and in early 1947 it was acquired by American collector Barney Pollard, as part of a package deal with two steam locomotives.
Pollard shipped number 33-5313 to the United States and kept the car until 1980, when it was sold to Armand Giglio, former President of the American Lancia Club. Giglio held the car a further two decades, selling it in 2004 to an owner in Connecticut. Other than an older repaint, the car was in largely original condition, but with some deterioration of the body’s wood framing. The new owner undertook restoration of the wood framing, as well as some body preparation work.
A RETURN TO CONCOURS-WORTHY GLORY
In late 2011, the Astura was acquired by collector Orin Smith. He would commission Vantage Motorworks of Miami to complete the restoration to international concours standards. Refinished in pale grey over blue—a livery replicating its original show-stand appearance—the car easily achieved Best in Class at the Classic Sports Sunday at Mar-a-Lago, and People’s Choice at Amelia Island, both in 2013. The Lancia subsequently journeyed back to Italy, where it was judged Most Sympathetic Restoration at the 2014 Concorso d’Eleganza Villa d’Este, in the company of a thrilled Mr. and Mrs. Smith.
The car was subsequently exhibited at the Petersen Automotive Museum in Los Angeles, as part of their “Rolling Sculpture” exhibit of advanced streamlined design. Notably, a sister car to this lovely Astura, in long-wheelbase form, was awarded Best of Show at the 2016 Pebble Beach Concours d’Elegance, cementing its importance to design and elegance for the era.
Oscar Davis acquired this Lancia in 2017, becoming the latest in a series of notable collectors to serve as its caretaker. Undeniably more luxurious than many of Davis’ sport and racing-focused machines, the Astura is nevertheless a true thoroughbred; its style, advanced technology, and remarkable pedigree made it a natural fit for his curated stable.
Now offered from the Oscar Davis Collection, this Lancia Astura “Corto” cabriolet perfectly epitomizes Pinin Farina’s design of the pre-war period: restrained elegance with simple but precise details. As such, it represents an opportunity to acquire one of the most important and beautiful examples of Italian engineering and coachbuilding—a show car par excellence, now as then.
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Kristina and I headed over to RM Sotheby's at the Monterey Conference Center to view some glorious cars at their auction preview.
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Had a blast with our auto-enthusiast friend and neighbor, Fred, at Monterey Car Week 2022.
Ayumi activates a switch on the control panel, and with an ominous electrical hum, a transparent hood lowers itself over Poppy's helpless head... she makes a final futile effort to struggle against her bonds, but it's no use...
Once i didn't have a single phone to text or call her , now i have numbers of cells but she isn't there . In life at times when we need something badly , that thing keeps a distance from us ..
MEMOIRS :)
25.4.2011 THE DAY IT ALL STARTED ... DON'T REMEMBER THE DATE WHEN IT ENDED , ACTUALLY I DIDN'T WANT TO
Το 1864 τα μεταλλεία του Λαυρίου λειτούργησαν ξανά μετά από αρκετούς αιώνες. Φτωχοί εργάτες από όλη την Ελλάδα κατέφθασαν στην περιοχή για να δουλέψουν, ανάμεσα τους και πολλές γυναίκες και παιδιά. Δούλευαν από τα ξημερώματα έως τη δύση του ηλίου χωρίς σταματημό, με μοναδική παρέα τα ποντίκια, τα μοναδικά ζώα που επιβίωναν στην περιοχή και μέσα στις στοές. Τις περισσότερες φορές οι εργάτες πέθαιναν νωρίς από μολυβδίαση ή πνευμονοκονίαση, ασθένειες που εμφανίζονται σε ανθρώπους που εκτίθενται για χρόνια στη σκόνη και τις θανατηφόρες χημικές ουσίες των ορυχείων....
Οι εγκαταστάσης ανήκαν στην Γαλλική Εταιρεία Μεταλλείων Λαυρίου με ιδρυτή και ιδιοκτητη τον Ι. Β. Σερπιέρη.
In 1864 the mines of Lavrion working again after several centuries. Poor workers from all over Greece arrived on the scene to work, among them many women and children. They worked from dawn to dusk without stopping, with unique group mice, unique animals surviving in the region and through the galleries. Most often workers die early from lead poisoning or pneumoconiosis, diseases that occur in people exposed for years to dust and deadly chemicals mine ....
The plants belong to the French Mining Company of Lavrion founder and owner of G. B. Serpieri.
Technological developments in the area of AI take place primarily in the civil domain. Any discussion of this topic should seek to avoid compartmentalisation, instead aiming for a broad multilateral and multi-stakeholder approach that includes both the public and the private domains.
With this in mind, the summit will bring together high-level representatives of government bodies, civil society organisations, knowledge institutions and the private sector in order to discuss the key opportunities, challenges and risks associated with military applications of AI.
Photo: Ministry of Foreign Affairs / Henriette Guest
The Sick Bay is Planetary Outpost’s fourth possible internal configuration, and is filled with the latest technological innovations, including the Computerised Health Examination Curative Kiosk [C.H.E.C.K.], whose purpose is to scan a patient to determine what could be wrong with them, and the Hightech Enhanced Anatomical Life Support [H.E.A.L.S.], a medical bed which can also assist a doctor during surgery.
If you like what you see, do add your support to my LEGO Ideas project: ideas.lego.com/projects/b0827dea-3bd0-46b2-a733-e2e380fa1794
Lawrence Technological Institute, in the hybrid drive type category, gets fueled up before their tilt test at the 2017 Formula Hybrid competition.
Photo by Kathryn LoConte Lapierre.
Panamarenko ( 1940 Antwerp – 2019 Brakel )
To describe Panamarenko with the single term ‘artist’, detracts from his abilities. He should be called an inventor as well, an engineer, a technician, a mathematician, a philosopher and a visionary. He has conducted exceptional research into space, movement, energy and gravity. His work is therefore a combination of artistic and technological experiment. From the 1970s, Panamarenko has been building his scale models of numerous imaginary vehicles, airplanes, balloons or helicopters in every possible original-surprising form. They are variations on the dream of flying from the mythological figure Icarus. Whether these things can really fly is part of the mystery and appeal. His body of works is so unique and innovative, that it is impossible to frame it within a certain style or movement. His miraculous world is centered between pure science, technical genius and childish enthusiasm. He said: “In fact, I only make toys, because that is the real art: the poetry of a toy. What others call real art is too much like art, that's the problem. After all, art is the only vehicle that one should try to stay out of the sphere of influence at all times, not to do what the power or those in power say: that is the essence of art. ” These birds can actually walk around.
Title of the work: Bird’s Market
Work that could be seen at the event ““Panamarenko Tribute”: www.panamarenko.be/
Panamarenko ( 1940 Antwerpen – 2019 Brakel )
Enkel de term ‘kunstenaar’ op Panamarenko plakken, doet afbreuk aan zijn kunnen. Noem hem gerust ook uitvinder, ingenieur, technicus, wiskundige, filosoof en visionair. Hij heeft uitzonderlijk onderzoek gedaan naar ruimte, beweging, energie en gravitatie. Zijn werk is dan ook een combinatie van artistiek en technologisch experiment. Vanaf de jaren 70 bouwt Panamarenko aan zijn schaalmodellen van talrijke imaginaire voertuigen, vliegtuigen, ballonnen of helikopters in alle mogelijke origineel-verrassende vormen. Het zijn varianten op de droom van het vliegen van de mythologische figuur Icarus. Of deze tuigen echt kunnen vliegen, is een deel van het mysterie en de aantrekkingskracht. Zijn oeuvre is zó uniek en innovatief, dat het onmogelijk is er een bepaalde stijl of stroming op te plakken. Zijn wondere wereld houdt het midden tussen pure wetenschap, technisch vernuft en kinderlijk enthousiasme. Hij zei: “ Ik maak in feite alleen maar speelgoed, want dat is de echte kunst: de poëzie van een stuk speelgoed. Wat anderen de echte kunst noemen, lijkt te veel op kunst, dat is het probleem. De kunst is namelijk het enige vehikel waarvan men zou moeten proberen te allen tijde uit de invloedssfeer te blijven, niet te doen wat de macht of de machthebbers zeggen: dat is het wezenlijke aan kunst.” Deze vogels kunnen effectief rondstappen.
Werk zoals te zien was op de tentoonstelling “Panamarenko Tribute”: www.panamarenko.be/
Panamarenko ( 1940 Anvers – 2019 Brakel )
Coller uniquement le terme «artiste» sur Panamarenko est préjudiciable à ses capacités. N'hésitez pas à l'appeler inventeur, ingénieur, technicien, mathématicien, philosophe et visionnaire. Il a mené des recherches exceptionnelles sur l'espace, le mouvement, l'énergie et la gravité. Son travail est donc une combinaison d'expériences artistiques et technologiques. À partir des années 1970, Panamarenko a construit ses modèles réduits de nombreux véhicules imaginaires, avions, ballons ou hélicoptères sous toutes formes originales et surprenantes. Ce sont des variations sur le rêve de voler de la figure mythologique Icare. Que ces appareils puissent vraiment voler fait partie du mystère et de l'attrait. Son œuvre est si unique et innovante qu'il est impossible d'y mettre un certain style ou mouvement. Son monde merveilleux est un croisement entre la science pure, l'ingéniosité technique et l'enthousiasme enfantin. Il a dit: «En fait, je ne fais que des jouets, car c'est ça le vrai art: la poésie d'un jouet. Ce que d'autres appellent le véritable art ressemble trop à l'art, c'est le problème. Après tout, l'art est le seul véhicule que l'on devrait essayer de rester en dehors de la sphère d'influence à tout moment, de ne pas faire ce que le pouvoir ou ceux qui détiennent le pouvoir: c'est l'essence de l'art. " Ces oiseaux peuvent se déplacer effectivement.
Titre de l’oeuvre: Marché aux oiseaux
Oeuvre comme ça pourrait être admiré à l’exposition “Panamarenko Tribute”: www.panamarenko.be/
On Monday, March 16, 2015, the Smithsonian Institution hosted the Nanyang Technological University in Singapore for a Symposium and MOU signing in the Castle Commons
Lawrence Technological University, in the hybrid drive type category, gets fueled up at the 2017 Formula Hybrid competition.
Photo by Kathryn LoConte Lapierre.