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Schweiz / Berner Oberland - Grimselpass (links) und Furkapass (Mitte/rechts)
seen from Sidelhorn (2,764 m)
gesehen vom Sidelhorn (2.764 m)
The Sidelhorn is a mountain of the Bernese Alps, located west of the Grimsel Pass. It lies at the eastern end of the mountain chain between the Unteraar Glacier and the Rhone valley, named Aargrat. Because the glacier drains into the Aar and hence the Rhine and North Sea, whilst the Rhone flows into the Mediterranean Sea, the Sidelhorn lies on the European continental divide.
The summit can be reached by several trails from the Grimsel Pass.
Administratively, the mountain lies on the border between the municipality of Guttannen, to the north and in the canton of Bern, and the municipality of Obergoms, to the south and in the canton of Valais.
(Wikipedia)
The Grimsel Pass (German: Grimselpass; French: Col du Grimsel; Italian: Passo del Grimsel) is a mountain pass in Switzerland, crossing the Bernese Alps at an elevation of 2,164 metres (7,100 ft). The pass connects the Haslital, the upper valley of the river Aare, with the upper valley of the Rhône. In so doing, and as the Aare is a tributary of the Rhine, the pass crosses the continental divide between the North Sea and the Mediterranean Sea.
A paved road follows the pass, running 38 kilometres (24 mi) from Gletsch to Meiringen. The road is normally closed between October and May, due to the high snowfall on the pass. As it is the only direct road pass between the cantons of Bern and Valais across the Bernese Alps, attempts are made to keep the road open as long as possible with snow ploughs. A PostBus Switzerland service uses the pass several times a day, connecting Meiringen and Oberwald.
The Grimsel Pass road is part of the Aare Route, which is national cycle route 8 of Switzerland. It has been used on several occasions by the Tour de Suisse.
History
The first fully documented use of the Grimsel Pass dates back to the 14th century, although it has been suggested that the pass was used in Roman times and also, in 1211, by troops of Berthold V, Duke of Zähringen. In 1397, the Landschaften of Pomat, Goms and Hasli, and the cities of Interlaken, Thun and Bern, signed an agreement in which it was agreed to provide for free and secure trade by the mule track over the Grimsel. In 1400, the hospice on the pass is mentioned for the first time.
The Grimsel Pass formed, along with the Nufenen and Gries passes, a regional trade route between the Haslital and Domodossola and the Lombardy plain. Cheese and cattle were sent south, whilst wine, rice, corn and olive oil came north. This trade continued until the opening of the Gotthard railway in 1882.
The track over the pass was not upgraded to a paved road until 1894. Between the 1920s and the 1950s, several hydro-electric power plants were constructed in the area around the pass by Kraftwerke Oberhasli (KWO), which resulted in the expansion and diversion of the pass road. The KWO now promotes the pass and surrounding area as a visitor attraction, as part of its Grimselwelt tourism brand.
Geography
The Grimsel Pass connects the cantons of Bern, to the north, and Valais, to the south, with the summit of the pass lying on the cantonal boundary. The northern slopes of the pass are in the Bernese municipality of Guttannen, whilst the southern slopes are within the Valais municipality of Obergoms.
The approach to the Grimsel Pass from the north commences in the small town of Meiringen (595 metres or 1,952 feet), from where access is possible down the Aare valley to Interlaken and Bern, and across the Brünig Pass to Obwalden and Lucerne. The approach passes the village of Innertkirchen (625 metres or 2,051 feet), where the road to the Susten Pass diverges, and continues alongside the Aare to Guttannen (1,057 metres or 3,468 feet).
Beyond Guttannen, and still following the river, the road passes a pair of short tunnels to Handegg (1,378 metres or 4,521 feet), where the lower station of the Gelmerbahn funicular, the steepest in Switzerland, is located. After Handegg the road climbs through several hairpin bends and an 850 metres (2,790 ft) tunnel to the Räterichsbodensee reservoir. A further climb brings the road to the Grimselsee reservoir and the Grimsel Hospice (1,980 metres or 6,500 feet). Here the final climb to the summit commences, with several more sweeping hairpin bends.
At the summit are several hotels and an extensive area of parking. Here the road runs alongside the Totesee (2,160 metres or 7,090 feet), a natural lake that has been enlarged into a reservoir. To the west of the pass and lake is the peak of the Sidelhorn (2,764 metres or 9,068 feet), whilst to the east is the mountain range Schafberg (2,481 metres or 8,140 feet).
From the Totesee the pass road descends steeply through more hairpin bends to Gletsch (1,759 metres or 5,771 feet) in the most upper valley of the Rhône, the Obergoms. Here connection is made with the Furka Pass, connecting with the canton of Uri, as well as the lower level route down the Rhône valley towards Brig through the Goms. A short distance down the Goms are Oberwald (1,377 metres or 4,518 feet) and Ulrichen (1,346 metres or 4,416 feet). At the latter, a junction is made with Nufenen Pass, into the canton of Ticino, and the Gries Pass, to Domodossola in Italy.
Climate
Due to the high altitude of the pass, and its continental location, the climate is cool or cold all year round, and receives a fair amount of precipitation year-round (the majority of which is snow). Snow usually falls from late September until late June, although during cool spells, it can snow at the height of summer. Most years, permanent snow fields remain at the pass, due to the temperature rarely rising above 15 °C. This area has a long winter season, with little precipitation mostly in the form of snow, and low humidity. The Köppen climate classification classifies the climate here as subarctic, and abbreviates this as Dfc.
(Wikipedia)
Furka Pass (German: Furkapass; French: Col de la Furka) is a 2,429 m (7,969 ft) high mountain pass in the southern Swiss Alps connecting Gletsch, Valais with Realp, Uri via the seasonal Furkapassroute. The Furka Oberalp Bahn bypasses the pass through the 1,390 m (4,560 ft) high Furka Base Tunnel, which opened in 1982 to replace the seasonal Furka Summit Tunnel at 2,160 metres (7,090 ft).
The Furka Pass was used as a location in the James Bond film Goldfinger, a curve of which is marked as "James Bond Strasse", complete with lookout point and small parking area. Near the western summit of the pass is the Hotel Belvédère; a short walk from it leads to the Rhône Glacier Ice Grotto. The glacier moves 30–40 metres a year, and the 100 metre long tunnel and ice chamber are open from June when the road opens.
(Wikipedia)
Das Sidelhorn ist ein 2764 m ü. M. hoher Berg im Massiv der Berner Alpen in der Schweiz. Es liegt auf der Grenze der Kantone Wallis und Bern sowie auf der Europäischen Hauptwasserscheide.
Der Gipfel kann zu Fuss vom Grimselpass aus erreicht werden. Vom Gipfel aus geniesst man einen weiten Panoramablick über die Berner und Walliser Alpen und die Gletscher und Seen des Grimselgebietes.
(Wikipedia)
Der Grimselpass ist ein Schweizer Gebirgspass, der das Berner Oberland mit dem Oberwallis verbindet und die Berner von den Urner Alpen trennt. Innerhalb der Schweiz wird er oft in Kurzform als (die) Grimsel bezeichnet, seltener in männlicher Form (der Grimsel). Die Passhöhe (Kantonsgrenze) liegt auf 2163 m ü. M. an der europäischen Wasserscheide zwischen Mittelmeer und Nordsee. Der historische Säumerpfad wurde im 19. Jahrhundert zu einer modernen Hochalpenstrasse ausgebaut, die im Sommer offen ist; ihr Scheitelpunkt liegt nur wenig nordöstlich auf Walliser Seite (2164 m ü. M.).
Geschichte
Die erste sicher belegte Nutzung des Grimselpasses für den Saumverkehr datiert aus dem 14. Jahrhundert. Die Benutzung während der Römerzeit und eine Überquerung im Jahr 1211 durch Truppen des Herzogs von Zähringen sind nicht gesichert. 1397 schlossen die Landschaften Pomatt, Goms und Hasli sowie die Städte Unterseen, Thun und Bern ein Abkommen, in dem sie vereinbarten, für den freien und sicheren Handelsverkehr zu sorgen und den Saumpfad über die Grimsel zu unterhalten (Säumerordnung). Vom historischen Saumpfad entlang der Aare und von der Passhöhe ins Goms sind noch viele Spuren erhalten.
Der Ausbau des Saumpfads zu einer modernen Passstrasse erfolgte im Vergleich zu anderen Schweizer Passübergängen verhältnismässig spät. Die neue Strasse war im Jahr 1894 fertiggestellt. Als Folge des Baus der Wasserkraftwerke der Kraftwerke Oberhasli AG in diesem Gebiet wurde die Strasse zwischen 1920 und 1950 ausgebaut und teilweise neu angelegt.
Während mehrerer Jahrzehnte kam es an der Grimselpassstrasse zwischen Innertkirchen und Guttannen immer wieder zu Felsstürzen. Zeitweise galt in diesem Bereich der Passstrasse das Nachtfahrverbot und der Grimselverkehr wurde über Understock umgeleitet. Weil eine Felsnase namens Chapf 900 Meter oberhalb der Strasse in eine unstabile Lage geriet, entschlossen sich die Bundesbehörden zur kontrollierten Sprengung der Fluh. Am 4. Oktober 2001 wurde der Chapf nach monatelangen Bohrungen weggesprengt. Mit 150'000 Kubikmeter gelöstem Gestein war dies bisher die grösste Sprengung in der Schweiz.
Geographie
Klima
Für die Normalperiode 1991–2020 beträgt die Jahresmitteltemperatur 2,3 °C, wobei im Februar mit −4,5 °C die kältesten und im August mit 10,3 °C die wärmsten Monatsmitteltemperaturen gemessen werden. Im Mittel sind hier rund 188 Frosttage und 92 Eistage zu erwarten. Sommer- und Hitzetage werden keine verzeichnet. Die Messstation von MeteoSchweiz liegt auf einer Höhe von 1980 m ü. M.
Der Höchstwert bei der Durchschnittstemperatur des Monats Januar wurde 2020 mit −1,4 °C erreicht. Damit wurde der bisherige Rekord von 1989 (−1,7 °C) gebrochen.
Seen
Auf der Nordseite liegen drei mit Stollen verbundene Stauseen. Aufsteigend nach ihrer Meereshöhe sind dies der Räterichsbodensee, der Grimselsee und der Oberaarsee. Der Räterichsbodensee und der Grimselsee liegen unmittelbar an der Passstrasse. Ebenfalls im nördlichen Grimselgebiet befindet sich der Stausee Gelmersee. Die Stauseen werden durch die Kraftwerke Oberhasli betrieben. Auf der Passhöhe liegt der Totesee.
Auf der Talseite der Staumauer des Räterichsbodensee wurde im September 2007 das grossformatige Bild der Wasserjungfrau Mélisande des Künstlers Pierre Mettraux vollendet. Auf einer Halbinsel im Grimselsee unterhalb der Passhöhe befindet sich das Hotel Grimselhospiz.
Strasse
Auf der Nordseite beginnt die Passstrasse als Teil der vom Jura kommenden Hauptstrasse 6 im Haslital etwa zwei Kilometer nach dem Dorfausgang im Süden von Innertkirchen. An dieser Stelle ist die Strasse nicht sehr steil, steigt aber stetig an. 9 km nach Innertkirchen erreicht man Guttannen, das auf 1060 m liegt (Innertkirchen 625 m). Nach Guttannen steigt die Strasse wiederum mit ungefähr gleicher Steigung an, bis man nach sechs Kilometer Handegg erreicht.
Von dort kann man mit der steilsten Standseilbahn der Welt, der Gelmerbahn, den Gelmersee erreichen. Nach der Handegg verläuft die Strasse in einer vergleichsweise steilen S-Kurve und in einen der zahlreichen Tunnel. Danach ist man über der Baumgrenze und nach einigen Serpentinen erreicht man den Räterichsbodensee.
Eine Zeit lang verläuft die Strasse hier am See, bis sie wiederum in Serpentinen mit grosser Steigung zum Grimselsee ansteigt. Hier befindet sich das Hospiz. Die Strasse steigt wieder ziemlich steil an, es sind noch sechs Serpentinen (150 Höhenmeter) bis zur Passhöhe. An der Passhöhe gibt es drei Hotels und einen kleineren See, den Totesee.
Auf der Südseite steigt die Strasse von Oberwald her steil an und verläuft durch Fichtenwald bis nach Gletsch an der Baumgrenze. Dort zweigt die Strasse von der Hauptstrasse 19 ab, die weiter auf den Furkapass führt. Die Grimselpassstrasse verläuft nun in gleichmässigen Serpentinen steil bis zur Passhöhe an. In umgekehrter Fahrtrichtung hat man Aussicht auf das Goms, den etwas höher gelegenen Furkapass und in der Ferne die Walliser Alpen.
Die Grimselpassstrasse ist Teil der Aare-Route, der nationalen Veloroute 8 der Schweiz. Die Passstrasse steigt auf der Südseite kurz aber steil an, während sie auf der Nordseite mit maximal 9 % ansteigt und eine Länge von 26 km hat.
Tour de Suisse
Der Grimselpass stand bislang zehn Mal auf dem Programm der Tour de Suisse: 1937, 1953, 1956, 1962, 1973, 1986, 1996, 2002, 2007 und 2011. Dabei war er bei der siebten Etappe des Jahres 2007 Ankunftsort. Die Grimsel rangiert als achthöchster Pass, den die Rundfahrt überquerte (Stand November 2011, Höhenwertung bis 2010).
Felslabor Grimsel
Im Bereich des Passes und der Kraftwerksanlagen liegt unter dem Juchlistock das Felslabor Grimsel der Nagra, in dem Experimente in kristallinem Gestein zur Erforschung der Endlagerung von radioaktiven Abfällen durchgeführt werden.
(Wikipedia)
Der Furkapass ist ein 2429 m ü. M. hoher Schweizer Strassenpass in den Alpen. Er verbindet das Urserental (das obere Tal der Reuss) im Kanton Uri mit dem Bezirk Goms im Kanton Wallis. Auf ihm verläuft die Europäische Wasserscheide zwischen Mittelmeer und Nordsee.
Der Name stammt vom lateinischen furca, womit eine zweizinkige Gabel bezeichnet wurde.
Verkehr
Strasse
Die Passstrasse ist Teil der Hauptstrasse 19. Im westlichen Talort Gletsch zweigt die Strasse zum Grimselpass ab.
Der Furkapass liegt auf der Rhone-Route (Andermatt - Genf), der nationalen Veloroute 1 der Schweiz.
Auf 2272 m ü. M. findet sich auf der Westseite des Passes das etwa 1882 erbaute Hotel Belvédère (seit 2015 geschlossen), von dem man Zugang zum Ende des Rhonegletschers hat.
Eisenbahn
Bis 1981 überwand die Furka-Oberalp-Bahn den Furkapass auf einer nicht wintersicheren Zahnradstrecke und im 1925 fertiggestellten Furka-Scheiteltunnel. Dieser ist mit 2160 m ü. M. der höchste Alpendurchstich der Schweiz.
Mit der Eröffnung des Furka-Basistunnels wurde die Bergstrecke stillgelegt. Der Rückbau der Strecke konnte jedoch von Eisenbahnfreunden verhindert werden. Ab 1992 betrieb die Dampfbahn Furka-Bergstrecke AG auf Teilen der Bergstrecke eine Museumsbahn. Am 12. August 2010 wurde die gesamte Strecke wiedereröffnet.
Ganzjährig wird zwischen Realp und Oberwald VS ein Autoverlad durch den Eisenbahn-Basistunnel angeboten.
Höhe
Auf der Karte der Schweizer Landestopographie beträgt die Passhöhe 2429 m ü. M., auf dem Hinweisschild vor Ort (Passhöhe) ist allerdings noch 2436 m ü. M. angegeben, wie es auf der alten Siegfriedkarte verzeichnet war.
Geschichte
Der Pass wurde schon zur Römerzeit begangen. Auch später bestand ein Saumweg, über den ab dem 13. Jahrhundert immer mehr Waren transportiert wurden wie Salz, Wein, Felle und Getreide; Gommer hatten auch Alpen im Urserntal. Anfang des 19. Jahrhunderts reichte der Rhonegletscher noch bis nach Gletsch hinunter.
In den Jahren 1864 bis 1866 wurde die fast 40 Kilometer lange Strasse mit einer Breite von mindestens 4,20 Meter von Hospental nach Oberwald erbaut. Der Bund kam aus militärischen Überlegungen für zwei Drittel der Kosten auf. Auf der neuen Strasse verkehrte eine Pferdepost, bis 1921 das erste Postauto über den Pass fuhr. 1911 wurde mit dem Bau der Furka-Eisenbahn begonnen, die 1925 eröffnet wurde, aber nur während weniger Monate im Sommer befahren werden konnte. 1982 wurde der wintersichere Furka-Basistunnel in Betrieb genommen.
1964 wurden auf dem Furkapass einige Filmszenen des James-Bond-Films Goldfinger mit Sean Connery und Gert Fröbe gedreht. Die Szenen in der Schweiz gelten heute als Klassiker der Bond-Geschichte und wurden auch in späteren Filmen zitiert; so beispielsweise die Szene über Monaco in GoldenEye.
Radsport
Der Furkapass wurde mehrfach im Rahmen der Tour de Suisse überquert.
Im Ultracycling war der Furkapass 2016 Checkpoint des Transcontintental Race und 2018 des Three Peaks Bike Race.
(Wikipedia)
A view down the side of one of the open atriums within Bell Works in Holmdel, NJ. Bell Works is the two million-square-foot building formerly known as "Bell Labs," where Bell employees did foundational research that led to discoveries and advancements in transistors, lasers, the Unix operating system, the C programming language, and CCD technologies. Several noble prizes were awarded to the teams who worked here back in the day.
Today, Bell Works is a re-imagined workspace, nicknamed the "Metroburb", featuring floors of private offices that overlook a giant atrium area full of specialty shops, restaurants, a basketball court, both Dental and Medical offices, an indoor virtual driving range, art gallery space, escape rooms, the Axelrod Performing Arts Academy, and the Holmdel branch of the Monmouth County Public Library. They are open to the public from 6:00 AM to Midnight each day, and it's a great place to walk some laps in bad weather in a safe, secure environment.
Panasonic Lumix ZS100 compact digital camera, 9mm (25mm equiv on 35mm), F7, ISO 320, 1/80th second.
Protected to the hilt, Coleham Depot from an alternative angle as 56113 slides past with the RHTT set.
Now the footbridge is closed off (due to safety issues apparently), the classic shot southbound past the pegs is no more. Saturday 25.11.17
For the Phoenix Railway Photographic Circle and alternative railway photography, follow the link:
In August 1918, 250 trees were planted by the local community to commemorate the World War I service of men and women associated with the former Shire of Creswick. Future plantings over the following year took the Avenue to 286 trees. Enamel name plaques were secured to wooden tree guards protecting the young trees.
we push south and link up with Ohio states beachead and then we continue to push south and create a perimeter around the Peninsula as we clear out the Olympic state forest and park
Hidcote Manor Garden is one of England's great gardens. It was the life's passion of one man, self-taught gardener Lawrence Johnston who created his 'garden of rooms' here.
The creator of Hidcote
Lawrence Johnston was born in Paris of American parents. He came to England to study at Cambridge University.
After graduating, he fought for the British Army. He was so badly wounded in the First World War that he was laid out for burial. His colleagues realised that he was still alive only after he moved slightly.
In 1907, Johnston's mother, Mrs Gertrude Winthrop, bought the Hidcote Manor Estate. Johnston came to live at Hidcote and soon took to gardening.
Developing a masterpiece
Johnston spent 41 years creating what would become one of England's most influential 20th-century gardens. He began work in 1907, becoming interested in making a garden out of the fields surrounding the house.
The garden was developed in the fashionable Arts & Crafts style: a series of outdoor 'rooms' offering surprises and discoveries at each turn.
By the 1920s, the transformation was well under way. Johnston employed 12 full-time gardeners to help shape his 10-acre creation. He always took advice and read extensively on the work of eminent gardeners, such as Gertrude Jekyll.
'A garden of rooms'
Johnston designed Hidcote as a series of outdoor 'rooms', which combine sensuous masses of colour with traditional garden crafts such as topiary. Each room has its own distinct atmosphere and character.
The hedges that divide the rooms sprung up due to the plot's exposed aspect. Johnston planted hedges of holly, beech, hornbeam and yew for shelter and structure.
Exotic plants
As well as a gardener, Lawrence Johnston was an accomplished plantsman. The range of plants he used was huge.
In a never-ending quest, he secured rare and exotic species by sponsoring and taking part in plant hunting expeditions. Trips took him to the Alps, Kenya and South Africa. He also plant-swapped with the Australians and the Japanese.
The expeditions introduced over 40 new plants to cultivation in the UK, many of which bear Johnston's name. He was awarded three Awards of Merit by the Royal Horticultural Society for his plant hunting achievements.
The National Trust learns to garden
In 1948, Lawrence Johnston retired to Serre de la Madone, his home on the French Riviera where he had created another spectacular garden.
Hidcote Manor Garden came to the National Trust, the first property acquired specifically for the garden.
While carrying forward the spirit of Lawrence Johnston, Hidcote has changed over time since the 1930s. Lack of funding has led to areas of the garden becoming overgrown and many of Johnston's tender plants being replaced.
'This place is a jungle of beauty. I cannot hope to describe it in words, for indeed it is an impossible thing to reproduce the shape, colour, depth and design of such a garden through the poor medium of prose'
- Vita Sackville-West
For more information about Hidcote Manor Garden, please visit www.nationaltrust.org.uk/hidcote/
On the 13th May 2022 the 'Arco Dijk' (1992, 9,823DWT) is secured alongside the Hanson operated Johnson's Wharf at Greenhithe, Kent with a cargo of sea dredged aggregates for use in concrtete production.
The wharf formerally served Swanscombe Cement works and some railway track can still be seen at the gate. North Kent is a fascinating area but it is hard to imagine now the hub of industry it was 50 years ago, This map show the mass of industrial railways
Greenhithe is somewhere I have driven past dozen of times but had a few minutes to spare so stopped to see what was left of interest in this historic Tameside village that was home to the famous shipping company Everards. Now mainly residential adjacent to the large Blue Water shopping centre (built in the old chalk quarry that supplied the cement works) it was good to see river still has a role to play.
On the location of Norway House, built by Edward Mortimer, claims were made that lights and sounds came from an old wooden building falling into decay. When the building was torn down these strange happenings ceased. LINK to photo - www.novastory.ca/digital/collection/phps/id/181/
(11 January 1913) - PICTOU, Nova Scotia – The large, stone Georgian building that until a week ago stood on Norway Point in Pictou was a house of rich history. In its 200 years, it was officially called many names: Mortimer House; Norway House; Maritime Odd Fellows Home and The Edward Mortimer Inn.
Edward Mortimer, born in Scotland, came to Pictou about a decade after the ship Hector landed with Scottish settlers. He started working in the lumber business, but quickly came to own and operate a number of successful natural resource firms. He became a leader in the community as a member of the Pictou militia and a member of the house of assembly. Mortimer’s influence earned him the nicknames ‘King of Pictou’ and ‘our Oat Meal Emperor from the East.’ According to historian Susan Buggey, Mortimer began Norway House in 1810, a “massive stone residence for which he brought out skilled Scottish carpenters and masons.” It was completed in 1814. Though he was once one of the richest men in Nova Scotia he was deep in debt and died penniless in 1819. His widow continued to live in the residence until 1834, at which time it was sold to Edward Smith. Smith was a well-to-do employer for the Hudson’s Bay Company. The Griffin, a newsletter published by the Heritage Trust of Nova Scotia, says Smith named the residence Norway House, after the Hudson Bay Company post in northern Manitoba. After Smith died, the house soon found its way to Donald Smith, another successful HBC employee who later became the company’s principal shareholder. He later was dubbed Lord Strathcona. In his storied career, he helped found the province of Manitoba, was a member of parliament and co-founded the Canadian Pacific Railway. His place in history was secured when he drove the last spike into the first railway to span the country.
Lord Strathcona had homes all over Canada and tried to convince family members to live in the house full time, to no avail. His stepson inherited the house when Lord Strathcona died in 1914. The building was converted from a private residence into a home for the aged in 1922. It was purchased by the Odd Fellows and Rebekahs of Atlantic Canada. It had the distinction of being the first ‘Home’ of its kind in Atlantic Canada. In 1975, the building opened its doors to the general public. Previously, the home had only been available to individuals involved with the Odd Fellow and Rebekah Order.
The house is perhaps best remembered as an icon of a bygone era, a symbol of Pictou’s connection with one of Canada’s distinguished men, whose life not only reflects the 19th century, but, as Donna McDonald says in her biography of Lord Strathcona, “closely mirrors Canada’s passage to nationhood.” “It is sad to come across the causeway and see the icon of Pictou's past gone,” says Henderson. “But perhaps it will be replaced with the beginning of the next chapter.” LINK to the complete article - www.saltwire.com/atlantic-canada/news/local/a-look-back-a...
While most of Valentine’s cards were photo based landscapes, they also produced an Artotype series in the early 1900’s that reproduced artist drawn illustrations. These were more brightly colored than their typical cards because they were produced through tricolor printing. Their Mezzograph series was produced as a tinted collotype, only here the collotype was in blue, which gives these cards a heavy and mannered look.
The Valentine & Sons' Publishing Co., Ltd. Montreal and Toronto / Printed in Great Britain
The earliest Canadian postcards published by Valentine & Sons were uncoloured collotypes of scenery along the main line of the Canadian Pacific Railway north of Lake Superior and in the Rocky Mountains. Typically, Valentine postcards have a 6-digit serial number (###,###) on the view side with the initials “J.V.” in a circle adjacent to that number. The main series of numbering begins with a Halifax card as no. 100,000 and ends (as far as we know) with a postcard of Toronto as no. 115,981. There are also two short runs of numbers in the 400,000 range that are found on some cards from the Yukon Territory and a longer run of views from various parts of Canada that begins at 600,000 and continues past 602,000.
100,000 – 1905 (July)
101,000 – 1906 (August)
102,000 – 1907 (January)
Link to everything you wanted to know about the - Valentine & Sons Publishing Co. - torontopostcardclub.com/canadian-postcard-publishers/vale...
Ozzy is the most laid-back kitty ever. If asked, he will ride a horse sitting securely on a bare-back pad. At a walk, of course- no trot or canter! :o) Nothing fazes this guy- horses, humans or 3 rowdy dogs!
And I, secure in childish piety,
Listened as if I heard an angel sing
With news from heaven, which he could bring
Fresh every day to my untainted ears
When birds and flowers and I were happy peers
-James Russell Lowell-
El lémur grande del bambú (Hapalemur simus) es una especie de primate estrepsirrino de la familia Lemuridae, la más grande de las tres especies de lémur de bambú. Es un gran lémur grisáceo pardo con orejas blancas. Come exclusivamente bambú, prefiriendo los brotes, pero luego continúa con talluelos y hojas. Se desconoce cómo su metabolismo degrada el cianuro de los brotes. Su único predador es el fosa (Cryptoprocta ferox).
Esta especie cuenta con una increíble visión binocular y una nariz bastante sensible, capaz de percibir los olores de marcación de territorio. La mayoría tienen unas colas muy largas, que permitan que el animal pueda mantener el equilibrio.
Se conoce como uno de los primates más pequeños del mundo, y como primates que son, sus manos están formadas por cinco dedos y uñas y no por garras, lo que les facilita agarrar y manipular objetos.
El lémur grande del bambú se encuentra en peligro crítico de extinción, y fue incluido en la publicación bienal Los 25 primates en mayor peligro del mundo, en los años 2002, 2006, 2008 y 2010. Se dice que tiene una población de entre 100 y 160 individuos.
La destrucción de su hábitat es una gran amenaza para su supervivencia, incluyendo la destrucción de las selvas debido a la agricultura y la intensiva tala y quema del bambú, además de esto, a este tipo de primates también se le caza en algunas áreas.
Las poblaciones están protegidas principalmente en los parques nacionales de Ranomafana y Andringitra.
Son unos animales bastante sociales y la mayoría del tiempo la pasan subidos a árboles o arbustos. Se comunican mediante sonidos y marcas de olor.
El tiempo de apareamiento dura en torno a tres semanas por año y el periodo de gestación puede durar de dos a seis meses.
El número de crías varían según el tamaño, los de mayor tamaño solo tienen una cría y los de menor tamaño, normalmente, tienen más de una.
Las crías al nacer son amamantadas, hasta la aparición de sus primeros dientes y para moverse de un lugar a otro lo hacen agarrándose de la piel de su madre, o cuando son demasiado pequeños y no pueden agarrarse ellos solos, la madre les sostiene con sus labios.
Su esperanza de vida es bastante alta en relación con los que viven en su entorno natural, pudiendo llegar a alcanzar los 30 años sin mostrar signos de envejecimiento debido principalmente a su alimentación.
es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolemur_simus
The greater bamboo lemur (Hapalemur simus), also known as the broad-nosed bamboo lemur and the broad-nosed gentle lemur, is a species of lemur endemic to the island of Madagascar.
Originally described as Hapalemur (Prolemur) simus by John Edward Gray in 1870, it was regarded simply as Hapalemur simus as early as 1880. With the understanding that this species is more closely related to the ring-tailed lemur (Lemur catta) than to the other Hapalemur species, Colin Groves resurrected
Prolemur as a full genus in 2001, with this species as its only member. More recent research by Herrera and Dávalos (2016) indicates that the species is sister to all of Hapalemur, and that Lemur is sister to Hapalemur + simus, and that it should remain in Hapalemur.
The greater bamboo lemur is the largest bamboo lemur, at over 2.3 kg. It has greyish brown fur and white ear tufts, and has a head-body length of around 46 cm. They have relatively long tails and long back legs for leaping vertically amongst the trees of their forest habitat.
Its only confirmed predators are the fossa and the bush pigs, but raptors are also suspected. Protection from predators, avoiding parasite vectors, and enhanced thermoregulation are three theories that are not mutually exclusive to explain the selection of sleeping location. The fossa hunts the Great bamboo lemurs in large numbers. As a result, the lemurs must maintain a secure sleeping environment, such as tree holes and constructed nests.
Its current range is restricted to southeastern Madagascar, although fossils indicate its former range extended across bigger areas of the island, including as far north as Ankarana. Some notable parts of the current range are the Ranomafana and Andringitra National Parks.
Greater bamboo lemurs live in groups of up to 28. Individuals are extremely gregarious. Because of their social nature, greater bamboo lemurs have at least seven different calls. Males have been observed taking bamboo pith away from females that had put significant effort into opening the bamboo stems. In captivity, greater bamboo lemurs have lived over the age of 17.
It feeds almost exclusively on the bamboo species of Cathariostachys madagascariensis, preferring the shoots but also eating the pith and leaves. It is unknown how their metabolism deals with the cyanide found in the shoots. The typical daily dose would be enough to kill humans. Greater bamboo lemurs occasionally consume fungi, flowers, and fruit. Its main food source is bamboo and it is the main reason why it has become critically endangered. Areas with high density of bamboo have major human disturbances, where humans cut or illegally cut down bamboo.
The greater bamboo lemur (Hapalemur simus), is one of the world's most critically endangered primates, according to the IUCN Red List. Scientists believed that it was extinct, but a remnant population was discovered in 1986. Since then, surveys of south- and central-eastern Madagascar have found about 500 individuals in 11 subpopulations. The home range of the species is likewise drastically reduced. The current range is less than 4 percent of its historic distribution. The reason for the endangerment is climate change and human activities which depleted the primary food source. Greater bamboo lemur is a part of prosimian species, which appeared even before monkeys. This species of lemur is not capable of adapting to the rapidly changing habitat. Human activities and climate change have resulted in the depletion of populations and resulted in a few remaining patches of forest capable of supporting this species. The species is endangered by the following: slash and burn farming, mining, bamboo, and other logging, and slingshot hunting. It was formerly one of "The World's 25 Most Endangered Primates."
Venice, Italy. The locked gate seems inappropriate. At first it appears that the Madonna and Child are prisoners. Instead the gate merely prevents tampering with the small shrine, meaning that the objects have some intrinsic value to its creator.
July 19, 2018
9:00 am - 10:00 am
Doerr-Hosier Center
Kirstjen Nielsen, Peter Alexander
Property of the Aspen Institute / Photo Credit: Dan Bayer
With Somerset full of ducks, today I thought I would head across the border into Devon and search for the delightful Cirl Bunting, There are a couple of well advertised hot spots, with the principle location being the RSPB reserve on the slopes of Labrador Bay. This is what the RSPB state on their website "Cirl buntings may be encountered across the nature reserve. However, they can often to be seen in the hedge surrounding the car park". No chance I thought, but the RSPB were spot on. I heard them first and then saw a few birds. However, they were on the other side of hedge, the non public side. So I followed the path and then waited looking across the stubble fields for the birds to appear. In summary, great birds, but don't forget to bring a big lens :-)
And just a bit more from the RSPB "The Labrador Bay nature reserve near Shaldon was purchased in 2008 to help secure the future of the cirl bunting, a rare little bird whose population is almost entirely restricted to south Devon." - Looks like a great investment. Well worth the trip