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Both collieries owned at this time by London & South Wales Co. -
Crosskeys did not exist as an official entity at this time - hence the name North Risca. The New Pits were to replace the (Old) Black Vein Colliery to become the North Risca (New) Black Vein Colliery.
This mine was still in the process of being sunk at the time of this survey - note the incline from the quarry - the first coal raised 1878. The two 17'-6" dia. shafts were sunk to a depth of 256 metres. Diamond drilling, a new technique at the time, was used to sink a 3" dia. hole in each shaft down to old workings in order to drain off the copious amounts of water encountered during the sinking.
The No.2 upcast is the west pit and was enclosed with a brickwork airlock.
On 15th. July 1880 this mine suffered a major disaster due to an explosion with 120 men & boys killed together with 68 No. horses.
Sunday 15th. January 1882 - an explosion killed four men following shotfiring. The Manager at the time was Mr. Wilkinson, with Mr. Evans the Under-viewer.
1882 - Dr. Robathan of Risca patented a method of using reflectors attached to Meuseler lamps to direct light as required instead of having to tilt the lamp - which invariably led to the lamp being extinguised.
June 1882 - electric lighting introduced at pit-bank and around pit-bottom.
March 1888 - it was stated that 100 No. Swan electric hand lamps were in use here - weighed 7 lbs.
October 1892 - The new Black Vein colliery secured a contract to supply 100,000 tons of coal over the following year to the Egyptian Railways delivered to Alexandria at 15s 9d a ton.
December 1893 - when owned by Risca United National Colliery Co. (Messrs. Watts, Ward & Co.) another shaft was being considered to speed up coal winding.
July 1895 - manager G.J. Brookes, mechanical engineer S.G. Clissold - only the top 6' of the Black Vein worked. Ventilation by 40' dia. Guibal fan + 17'-6" dia. Schiele fan. The principal haulage engine was sited on the surface with the ropes run down downcast shaft over 5' dia. sheaves at top & 3' dia at bottom - this Messrs. Fowler engine had originally been used during sinking.
Secondary haulage U/G was by C/A engines sited at end of lateral headings where horses were used. Steam power was provided by 14 No. 30' x 8' Lancahire and 5 No. 28' x 6'-6" Cornish boilers with pumping by a Cornish beam pump with 40t. beam. No stone was sent to bank but used for packing.
Closed 1967.
The Rock Vein Colliery was sunk to the No. 2 Rhondda seam - closed early 1876 - shared similar ownership as the Black Vein colliery and was itself connected to the later Black Vein colliery for ventilation & second way out.
Also shown are the houses under construction for the miners with stone being obtained from the quarry via the inclined tramway.
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Map by Geographia Maps. This is excerpted from Geographia's map of the Indian subcontinent (listed as India on the cover) - and was updated to reflect new, post-partition boundaries: it includes Afghanistan, Pakistan East and West, Burma, Nepal, Ceylon/Sri Lanka, and Bhutan. Kashmir was shown as a separate nation, while the Buddhist kingdom and protectorate of Sikkim is shown as part of India. Tibet and Sinkiang are shown as independent as well.
The original plan for Boylston St station from 1897.
Boylston St station today looks very much like it did when it was first built. In this plan you can see the original layout where both sets of tracks were in use. The inner tracks serve the traffic from the west and is still in use today. The outer tracks lead to the Pleasant St portal and have not been used since the 1960's. This is where the classic trolleys are stored and the tunnels are still there being used as an emergency exit. Note that there was once a sub passage between the two platforms.
Map from a Romanian Atlas.
Notice that Gaza belongs to Egipt and West Bank to Jordan, at the time of this map.
The theatre of the empire of Great-Britain : presenting an exact geography of the Kingdom of England, Scotland, Ireland, and the isles adjoyning, with a chronology of the civil wars in England, Wales and Ireland.
Printed London 1676
Printer (for) Thomas Bassett
NLA RBf 910.9 SPE
Map by Geographia Maps. Published by the US (not the UK) Geographia, and part of their world map series, which had been completely discontinued by 1970 or so. This map opens out from a card stock folder.
Collection of old maps scanned from books and other print sources Download them all at Photoshop Roadmap.
Originally the subway was built with two southern portals, one at Boylston St and one at Pleasant St, to capture trolley traffic coming from the west and the south, respectively. At Pleasant St trolleys from the South End and South Boston were funneled to Park St. Trolley traffic dropped after the opening of the Washington St Elevated line, the Orange Line, which served the South End. Traffic on the South Boston line ended in the early 1950's and a short shuttle to Lenox Ave in the South End was put in place for a few years before the line was torn up. Today the area of this portal is a small park in the Bay Village with a cylindrical building that was once a church.
Map by MAPCO. Published for a magazine distributor. When I ran across this map, there was a typewritten letter, from 1963, giving directions to a driver who had apparently never been to Charlotte before.
Charlotte's history as a 'bank town' is old - the city was the epicenter of the first US gold rush, some 25 years before gold was found in California: there were many mines in the area, a US Mint, and a 5-pound gold nugget was pulled from a creek in neighboring Cabarrus County. Far beneath downtown Charlotte (which is built atop a long, low ridge), one would find a labyrinth of old mine shafts from circa 1800. The cool air locked in those pockets provides air conditioning to several of the skyscrapers that now stand in the same area.
World map - Paris, London, San Francisco....for charity event - Mythical Body Painting event in Denver, CO
Body Painting and photography: Karolina McLean
Collection of old maps scanned from books and other print sources Download them all at Photoshop Roadmap.
Chesterton is an enigmatic Grade I listed windmill built in 1633 and is it a folly or a working mill ?
It it located in a magnificent location on a broad hill just off the Fosse Way Roman Road over looking a huge vista of the Cotswolds.
It has all the internal workings of a mill with millstones, but does not seem a very sensible working design - why not use the ground floor for storeage ?
The mill has no automatic fantail but the cap and sails were turned into the wind by hand using a ratchet system from inside the mill. The fin on the roof top is wind direction indicator which can be used by the miller from inside the mill. Quite a remarkable building, access inside is by a rope ladder and trap door from below which could not have been very practical. A similar enigmatic building of disputed origin can be found on Rhode Island USA.
The sails above face west so its at its best in the setting sunlight. My passing visit was at 11 am so the sun was behind the mill which is never easy.
There is quite a bit about the mill on Wikipedia and it has its own FLICKR group.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chesterton_Windmill
UK Location:
Listed 1898 as Rudry Merthyr No.1 Pit & Homfray's Level - owned by Receiver for Mortgagees of Rudry Merthyr Colliery - manager Rees Thomas; undermanager William Harris with 80 No. U/G and 14 No. on surface working the Big Vein. Special Rules signed 1888.
Drift entrance is L.H. arrow and the shaft is R.H. arrow.
The various coloured areas represent the mining leases of this area - the area edged in blue is that of Homfray.
In 1899 the mine is listed as "Homfray's Level, owned by Rock Veins Colliery Ltd. - manager Aaron Johnson" but no manpower figures given.
In 1902 the manager was again Aaron Johnson with William Harris as undermanager with 119 No. U/ground & 18 No. on surface.
The brickworks is as shown also on the map of 1875.
Garth Place is now Starbuck Street.
To Google location maps.google.co.uk/maps/ms?hl=en&ie=UTF8&msa=0&...
Map by Map House and the Indian Book Depot of Lahore. Pre-partition, dated June 1940. Bengal was still intact, and Sikkim was still a semi-independent Buddhist kingdom.
Location of Oak Cottage and Melingriffith Lock - No. 44 - at Whitchurch.
The canal route is now a road.
Some delightful old pics of this stretch of canal www.whitchurchandllandaff.co.uk/Glamorgan%20Canal.htm
To Google location maps.google.co.uk/maps/ms?hl=en&ie=UTF8&msa=0&...
Collection of old maps scanned from books and other print sources Download them all at Photoshop Roadmap.
Map by MAPCO, published for a magazine distributor. The precise publication date was September, 1963, by MAPCO (The Map Corporation of America), a company that collapsed into bankruptcy in November of 1964.
This map should what were then some of the most prominent buildings in Uptown Charlotte, many of which do not exist any longer.
The Brooklyn neighborhood (part of it) is visible in the lower right corner of the map; I-277 was constructed through this area in the mid-1980s, though the land was razed in 1967 and 1968, and sat vacant for years.
Several streets in the right-side area - Summerville Row, Egypt Lane, Swarz Lane, Wood Lane - were closed as a rowhouse neighborhood was also razed in the early-to-mid 1960s to create land for the now-demolished Earle Village public housing project.
Ordnance Survey map 1875 of Merthyr Tydfil.
Penydarren (Pen-y-daren) basin - lower highlight - at Jackson's Bridge was, for a short spell, the loading point for goods from the Penydarren ( and Dowlais) ironworks via two parallel tramways along Bethesda Street - the surviving Penydarren tramway is shown on this map. (Penydarren works closed 1859 - it's existence as late as 1875 is surprising as both Penydarren & Dowlais switched to the Merthyr Tramroad in c1802 due to their frustration with the congested canal down to Navigation)
This was the head of the Glamorganshire Canal proper - Crawshay's extension, authorised by the Canal Committee in June 1791 as an addendum, ran from here to the canal head at his Cyfarthfa works - upper highlight.
By the time of this survey,1875, the canal was used only infrequently and then mainly by general cargo boats as far as Jackson's bridge - (into the early 1890's)
By 1885 all traffic along this stretch had virtually ceased although an old boatman recounted having collected a cargo of tram rails from Cyfarthfa for delivery to the Albion colliery in the 1890's.
The entire section of canal from here to Abercynon eventually closed to traffic in December 1898 following an inspection of a subsided length of canal above Aberfan due to mining subsidence. Ironically, the decision was made on the grounds of safety for the people of that village - unlike events prior to October 1966.
To enlarge, click "Actions" & choose "View all Sizes".
The theatre of the empire of Great-Britain : presenting an exact geography of the Kingdom of England, Scotland, Ireland, and the isles adjoyning, with a chronology of the civil wars in England, Wales and Ireland.
Printed London 1676
Printer (for) Thomas Bassett
NLA RBf 910.9 SPE
Expansion ideas from the Boston Elevated Railroad for Scollay Sq before the Blue and Orange Lines were built.
Map by MAPCO, published for a magazine distributor. The future I-40 (now Business 40, or Green 40) was just starting construction at the time this map was printed.
FULL SIZE VIEW
www.flickr.com/photos/88572252@N06/36952585695/sizes/o/
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IMAGE INFO
This very rare New South Wales Railways commissioned survey map shows that at the time it was drawn in 1894, only three main buildings existed at Como, these being Murphy's boat house (with jetty), the "Como Hotel" (marked "P") & the Como Public School (building at the southern end of the colored track, south of "Double Bay."
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SOURCE INFO
The original digital image is held in the National Library of Australia's online image collection nla.gov.au/nla.obj-232129772. A freely available copy of the original was downloaded & restored by myself using Adobe Photoshop Creative Suite 8.0 for public share via Flickr.
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CREDITS
Credits go to the original creator, G.G. Anderson, Licensed Surveyor, Lieut. B.D.F.A, & to the National Library of Australia, for their valuable historic document & photograph digitization & archiving program(s).
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COPYRIGHT STATUS
Per NLA advice -
"Out of Copyright
Reason for copyright status: Since 1944 [Created/Published Date + 50 Years]
Copyright status was determined using the following information:
Material type: Literary Dramatic Musical
Published status: Published
Publication date: 1894
Government copyright ownership: New South Wales - State, provincial, territorial, dependent, etc.
The National Library of Australia supports creativity, innovation and knowledge-exchange but does not endorse any inappropriate or derogatory use. Please respect indigenous cultural and ethical concerns."
As for my own work in enhancing & re-sizing this unique version of the original image, the only Copyright form I have applied is "Attribution-Non Commercial Use-No Derivatives".
Adits shown arrowed.
Ton Colliery, owned by David Davies (Llandinam) - employed some 600 men & boys in 1874, was to become the Eastern Colliery site in 1877. (see next photo)
Bwllfa colliery - also owned by Davies. On 18th. May 1874, whilst a new shaft was being sunk, two men were killed in an explosion within the shaft caused by a blower of gas. The victims were William Davies and Lumley Ellis who were using naked candles.
Bwllfa Farm was the residence of a Mr. Evan Davies at this time.
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Map by Fred Johnson Maps. At the time this map was published, Flint was a boomtown, and this map (at its' periphery) includes a great many dashed-in proposed developments.
Navigation Colliery (bottom highlight) owned at this time by Nixon, Taylor& Co. & Fforest Level (top right highlight)
Navigation (the Navi.) was commenced by John Nixon 1855 - first coal raised 1860 from the Nine Feet seam - ceased production 1940
This mine possessed only one shaft at this time, 18ft. dia. which, originally, was split into two segments by a 3" timber brattice - one being the downcast and one the upcast. This shaft was served by two winding houses, one on each side of the shaft as shown (marked "Engine House") to enable two seams - Four Feet at 365 yds. and Nine Feet at 425 yds. - to be worked off their separate landings whilst the other shaft segment was used for ventilation. Under this arrangement there were no back-stays to the wooden head-gear (the head-frame was stabilised with cables) The mine was connected below ground to Deep Duffryn colliery as a second way out. The later Cwm Cynon pit was also connected to the "Navi"
This shaft was ventilated at this time, 1875, mechanically by Nixon's Ventilator sited at Deep Duffryn. ( There is some confusion as to the location of the original fan as both mines were often known collectively as "Navigation" but a detailed report in 1891 puts it at Deep Duffryn)
In 1879 a 42' dia. Waddle fan was installed at the top of the split shaft making the Navi independent of Deep Duffryn for ventilation.
The winders had spiral drums, ranging from 10ft to 20ft diameter - both winding engines were originally used to power steamboats but were adapted by Nixon for winding.
January 1851 - a 10 year old boy, William Evans, was killed by a fall of coal.
A photo of the unusual headgear arrangement www.flickr.com/photos/57459087@N05/5291397893/
Fforest Level - Upper - was opened 1857 and taken over by Nixon c1870 - a report in June 1884 stated that the "take" would soon be worked out - worked No.3 Rhondda seam - BGS, in their 3rd. Ed. Memoirs, re-classified this seam to have been the No.1 Rhondda.
August 1871 - due to industrial unrest large numbers of miners from Staffordshire were brought in to replace striking miners, causing "much local excitement"
November 1873 - a report states " In Mountain Ash the Masters are attempting to secure the leases of many cottages so as to better control the workers in the event of strikes"
February 1875 - a shaft sinker by the name of Lane was killed at his home when dynamite he had placed in the fireside oven, to dry, exploded.
Tuesday 18th. November 1884 - David Davies, 58 yrs. old, left his work place early to attend a funeral and was struck by drams in the main roadway and was killed instantly.
Friday 17th. December 1885 - 1503 tons raised in a shift making this mine the largest output for a single day for the Aberdare valley.
January 1888 - a sample of coal was analysed "and found to be a bituminous coking coal of the finest quality"
In 1894 a second Waddle fan, 40' dia., of the improved type was installed to augment ventilation - this fan was later to be moved to Cwm Cynon pit.
By 1898 there were some twenty-one boilers in use, ten being of the Lancashire type and the remainder of the Cornish type with associated chimney stacks - one being 145ft. high and another 110ft. high.
At that time, 1898, the headgear was still made of wood "but in need of replacement due to heavy repair" Output at this time was 1,550 tons per day still using the single split shaft as originally constructed.
May 1898 - during a five month long strike troops from Devon were deployed to Aberdare, Mountain Ash and Merthyr to quell riots by miners.
June 1899 - John Nixon died aged 84 years. A north countryman and son of a yeoman farmer, he had been instrumental in promoting Welsh steam coal in France in 1840's by sending a load of coal from the Graig colliery, owned by Mrs. Thomas, for free to Nantes where the French found it was superior to Newcastle coals. He also was the first owner in South Wales to introduce the "longwall" pillar & heading system to superceed the pillar & stall method. He was also credited for inventing the "Billy Fairplay" screening machine for measuring amounts of small coal - but this was not correct.
The Werfa colliery was his first mining venture in the Cynon valley.
February 1929 - this mine was restarted after a stoppage of two years.
A general view of the colliery www.flickr.com/photos/41797376@N02/3855141781/in/faves-th...
To enlarge, double click photo & choose from "View all Sizes"
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The upper highlight is the terminus of Doctor Griffiths' Tramroad, opposite present day Treforest, with his feeder canal, built 1809 to join up with the Glamorganshire canal.
The tramroad originally ran from Hafod from where it carried coal mined under sub-leases granted by Doctor Griffiths to Jeremiah Homfray on a 3ft. gauge as was used in the levels. The tramroad was permitted under the Four Mile Law enshrined in the Glamorganshire Canal Act which allowed the consruction of feeder canals and tramways without the need to seek further legislation to obtain compulsory purchase of land & water rights provided the business so served was within four miles of the main canal. The tramway finally closed 1911 having served Pwllgwaun Pit.
A three arched stone bridge carried the tramroad across the River Taff and was known locally as Pont - y - doctor and also as Machine Bridge due to a weighing machine placed on west side of the river. This structure still exists today near Glyntaff as a road bridge although a 1913 concrete deck addition is partially closed off due to deterioration - making this bridge the oldest surviving stone rail bridge in the world.
This tramroad was also used by Walter Coffin from 1812 to transport his coal from Dinas after he built an extension from Hafod to Dinas - in 1833 he sent over 50,000 tons of coal down the canal.
The Doctor's canal was completed 1813 though not without William Crawshay causing some problems over the connection with "his" Glamorganshire Canal.
The lower highlight is the Maesmawr colliery of Richard Blakemore. Coal drams were carried across the river by ferry and thence up to the canal.
This colliery had also been owned by Mr. John Key and a Mr. Brockett Grover.
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Carte des trois Arabies de 1654. Les auteurs, Nicolas Sanson, Pierre Mariette, J. Somer; Edition Chez Pierre Mariette, Paris en 1654.
Map by Dolph Map Co. Published for the Albany Chamber of Commerce. Albany is the county seat of Dougherty County, Georgia; on a few occasions referenda were held to merge the city and county into a single, consolidated city. Several other cities in Georgia - Athens, Augusta, Georgetown, Macon, Columbus and a handful of others are consolidated city-counties, but Albany is not yet among them. For several years in the 1970s, an Interstate 175 was planned to run from Albany to Cordele, where it would connect to Interstate 75. 1970s financial and economic crises caused those proposals to be cancelled, and they have not been revived.