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This soaring Confederate Monument in the center of a traffic circle is the centerpiece of downtown Franklin, Tennessee. It was the site of an unusually bloody battle during the War Between the States.
Penshaw Monument (officially The Earl of Durham's Monument) is a folly built in 1844 on Penshaw Hill (locally pronounced /ˈpɛnʃə/) between Washington and Houghton-le-Spring, in Sunderland, North East England. It is dedicated to John George Lambton, first Earl of Durham and the first Governor of the Province of Canada
The 136 metres (450 ft) hill on which the monument stands was presented by Charles Vane, 3rd Marquess of Londonderry. The monument dominates the local landscape as a half-sized replica of the Temple of Hephaestus in Athens
Although often called "Penshaw Monument", the correct title of the structure is The Earl of Durham's Monument.
The monument stands on Penshaw Hill, which is something of a toponymic peculiarity. Essentially the name is derived from a mixture of Celtic and Anglo-Saxon (or Old English) words. Pen is a Brythonic or Cumbric word for hill, as in the name Penrith; shaw is derivded from sceaga meaning "wooded area"; and finally the Old/Middle/Modern English word "hill". Thus when fully translated, the name means "wooded-hill hill".
The Doric tetrastyle monument is 30 metres (98 ft) long, 16 metres (52 ft) wide and 20 metres (66 ft) high. The columns are each 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) in diameter. It was designed by John and Benjamin Green and built by Thomas Pratt of Sunderland, based on the Doric order.
Resting on the columns is the entablature which itself can be split into three main parts. The architrave, the main spanning beam across the tops of the pillars. Above the architrave is the frieze, the central patterned section. Then the cornice is the upper part which projects outwards. Finally, the pediments are the triangular facings at each end of the Monument. One of the pillars contains a spiral staircase to a walkway around the top of the monument.
The Monument is made of gritstone that was came from the Marquess of Londonderry's quarries on the east coast. Steel pins and brackets were used to hold the stone blocks in place.
The foundation stone was laid by Thomas Dundas, 2nd Earl of Zetland (the Grand Master of the United Grand Lodge of England) on 28 August 1844. This was four years after the death of John George Lambton.
On Easter Monday, 1926 a 15-year-old boy, Temperley Arthur Scott, fell to his death from the top of Penshaw Monument. The boy was with three friends and 20 other people when the accident happened. They had got to the roof through the spiral staircase hidden in one of the pillars. Witnesses said that the boys went round the roof walkway twice before deciding to make a third circuit. However Scott fell trying to avoid the other visitors by passing around an open end where there was no protecting wall. Afterwards the spiral staircase to the roof was closed and had never been reopened.
In September 1939, John Lambton, 5th Earl of Durham presented Penshaw Monument to the National Trust as a gift.
Due to settlement as a result of mining beneath the hill Penshaw Monument was underpinned in 1978. The next year the entire western end was dismantled block by block in order that damaged lintels could be replaced by new reinforced concrete ones.
Penshaw Monument features on the club badge of Sunderland A.F.C..
The Bunker Hill Monument is not on Bunker Hill but instead on Breed's Hill, where most of the fighting in the misnamed Battle of Bunker Hill actually took place. The Monument Association, which had purchased the battlefield site, was forced to sell off all but the hill's summit in order to complete the monument.
At Warwick Row by Greyfriars Green in Coventry is a Memorial Monument to James Starley – bicycle pioneer -
James Starley is often described as the ‘father of the bicycle’ and his influence in Coventry was significant and far-reaching, creating the foundations for a major bicycle industry. The inventive Starley came to Coventry with his business partner Josiah Turner in 1861 to produce sewing machines. But the business changed dramatically when Turner’s nephew turned up in Coventry with a French-made velocipede. Starley made significant improvements to the machine and in 1871 he designed the Ariel, said to be the first true bicycle. Two of his inventions revolutionised this form of transport – the tangential spoke for bicycle wheels and the differential gear. Starley died in 1881 and is buried in London Road Cemetery.
From -
www.coventrysociety.org.uk/2021/05/31/starley-gardens-unv...
The monument is often referred to as the James Starley Statue although the statue on top of the monument is a statue of Fame.
The statue was erected in 1884 with ‘Fame’ on the top, a portrait of James and pictures of early Starley tricycles. Sadly Fame has lost her nose and part of an arm but the statue still stands on Warwick Row -
From-
www.ourwarwickshire.org.uk/content/article/the-starley-fa....
Tomb of Nicholas de Cantelupe (d.1355), one of a pair of badly mutilated monuments under soaring canopies at the south east corner of the Angel Choir. Cantelupe's effigy was greviously damaged by Cromwell's mob during the Civil War, leaving only a pitiful battered torso remaining. For more information on Cantelupe see below:-
Lincoln Cathedral has a strong claim to being England's finest medieval building, being one of the most ambitious and beautifully designed and adorned cathedrals in Europe, a real masterpiece of Gothic architecture.
Sited dramatically on a hilltop overlooking the city below, it's three tapering towers are a landmark visible from miles away over the otherwise flat Lincolnshire countryside. Originally however the effect was even more magnificent, as the towers were formerly crowned by lead-covered wooden spires, the tallest of which gave the cathedral the title of the World's tallest building for some two and a half centuries until the spire was blown down by a gale in 1549. The smaller spires on the west towers survived until they too were dismantled in c1810.
The earliest part is the core of the west front and the lower part of the west towers, part of the original Romanesque cathedral begun in 1088 by Bishop Remigius and ornamented with a fine carved frieze, of which significant sections remain (some recently replaced by copies, others still currently boxed in for protection from the elements). The remainder of this building suffered damage in an earthquake in 1185 and was replaced by the present cathedral in the following century.
The first phase of reconstruction between 1192 & 1210 was directed by Bishop Hugh of Avalon, later known as St Hugh of Lincoln, whose shrine was later venerated in the completed building. The bulk of the building is 13th century Early English Gothic, with lancet windows, coloured marbles and stunning rose windows in the main transepts (like several of England's larger cathedral's Lincoln was given a secondary pair of transepts flanking the choir).
The final part was the extension east of St Hugh's choir which is one of the richest, most celebrated expressions of English Gothic dating from the early 14th century, known as the Angel choir after the carvings that decorate it's higher parts (other sculptural details here include the famous Lincoln Imp). The cathedral's main tower was also raised at this time, followed by the heightening of the western towers, adding great height to the main facades extraordinary width. The former spires must have finished the effect in spectacular fashion.
The cathedral contains some superb stained glass, including a substantial amount of it's original 13th century glazing in the choir aisle east windows and the main transepts, particularly the two rose windows (the Dean's Eye to the north, with much of it's original Lastr Judgement narrative, and the later Bishop's Eye to the south, mostly composed of fragments in set in gorgeous tracery). Most however is Victorian, bbut very effective nonetheless, with a particularly rich sequence in the nave aisles. There are also some more contemporary pieces in certain chapels.
The cathedral also boasts some of the finest medieval woodwork in the country in it's superb choir stalls, extensively carved with canopies with misericords (though sadly the latter are rarely on show). There are surprisingly few major monuments for so grand a cathedral, compared to so many others; the best known being the heart tomb of Queen Eleanor (a Victorian reconstruction after the original was destroyed by Cromwell's mob).
Though the cathedral never served as a monastic foundation, it was nonetheless provided with cloisters and an impressive chapter house at the north east corner. The cloisters are relatively small and lost their northern side in the 17th century, afterwards replaced by a lighter arcade with a new cathedral library above it designed by Sir Christopher Wren.in 1674. One of the four surviving original copies of the Magna Carta was held here for centuries, though more recently it was put on display at the nearby Lincoln Castle.
For more see below:-
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincoln_Cathedral
Or the cathedral's own website here:-
Shot on Monument Circle in Indianapolis. After Thanksgiving, the Christmas lights are turned on and light up the circle through the end of December. A perfect place for getting some great Christmas light shots.
Scaffolding is erected around the Washington Monument in preparation for the repair of damage from a 2011 earthquake
A typical tourist shot from the famous Lion Monument in Lucerne, Reflection included.
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This is a Halifax Monument dedicated to Scottish poet Robert Burns. This monument can be found in Victoria Park in Halifax at the corner of Spring Garden Road and Soth Park St. in Front of Smitty's restaurant
The May 22, 1863 assaults had been the bloodiest defeat of Maj Gen Ulysses Grant's Army of the Tennessee since its founding. Grant had suffered 3000 casualties, including 500 dead, as much as all the combined Confederate losses of the day. Grant was furious at the losses, and he blamed McClernand's messages for the increased toll. Reluctantly, Grant settled on a siege. On May 25, General Order 14 went out: "Corps Commanders will immediately commence the work of reducing the enemy by regular approaches. It is desirable that no more loss of life shall be sustained in the reduction of Vicksburg, and the capture of the Garrison. Every advantage will be taken of the natural inequalities of the ground to gain positions from which to start mines, trenches, or advance batteries. ..."
Built in 1912, the Mississippi Monument is 23m high and sports Clio, Muse of History in a large bronze statue in front. The statue was damaged by lightning in 1951 but subsequently repaired.
Vicksburg National Military Park, Vicksburg, Mississippi