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I couldn't help but notice this new billboard on the edge of town. What the hell? I have lived here all my life and I don't know this adventure they speak of. I think I need to call city hall and tell them I don't appreciate them keeping secrets from me.
Walking alongside Hangmans Hill in the Malvern Hills. While the Hills lie along the Herefordshire-Worcestershire border, this path is on the Herefordshire side.
The Malvern Hills are a range of hills in the English counties of Worcestershire, Herefordshire and a small area of northern Gloucestershire, dominating the surrounding countryside and the towns and villages of the district of Malvern. The highest summit of the hills affords a panorama of the Severn valley with the hills of Herefordshire and the Welsh mountains, parts of thirteen counties, the Bristol Channel, and the cathedrals of Worcester, Gloucester and Hereford.
The name Malvern is probably derived from the ancient British moel-bryn, meaning "Bare-Hill", the nearest modern equivalent being the Welsh moelfryn (bald hill). It has been known as Malferna (11th century), Malverne (12th century), and Much Malvern (16–17th century). Jabez Allies, a 19th Century antiquarian from Worcestershire speculated that 'vern' was derived from the British words 'Sarn' or 'Varn' meaning pavement or seat of judgement.
They are known for their spring water – initially made famous by the region's many holy wells, and later through the development of the 19th century spa town of Great Malvern, a process which culminated in the production of the modern bottled Malvern Water.
The Hills have been designated as a Biological and Geological Site of Special Scientific Interest and as national character area 103 by Natural England and an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty by the Countryside Agency (now Natural England). The SSSI notification has 26 units of assessment which cover grassland, woodland and geological sites. The site (The Malvern Hills SSSI (Chase End Hill)) is listed in the 'Forest of Dean Local Plan Review' as a Key Wildlife Site (KWS). Management of the hills is the responsibility of the Malvern Hills Conservators
Flint axes, arrowheads, and flakes found in the area are attributed to early Bronze Age settlers, and the 'Shire Ditch', a late Bronze Age boundary earthwork possibly dating from around 1000 BC, was constructed along part of the crest of the hills near the site of later settlements. The Wyche Cutting, a mountain pass through the hills was in use in prehistoric times as part of the salt route from Droit-wich to South Wales. A 19th century discovery of over two hundred metal money bars suggests that the area had been inhabited by the La Tène people around 250 BC. Ancient folklore has it that the British chieftain Caractacus made his last stand against the Romans at the British Camp, a site of ex-tensive Iron Age earthworks on a summit of the Malvern Hills close to where Malvern was to be later established.
J.R.R. Tolkien found inspiration in the Malvern landscape which he had viewed from his childhood home in Birmingham and his brother Hilary's home near Evesham. He was introduced to the area by C. S. Lewis, who had brought him here to meet George Sayer, the Head of English at Malvern College. Sayer had been a student of Lewis, and became his biographer, and together with them Tolkien would walk the Malvern Hills. Recordings of Tolkien reading excerpts from The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings were made in Malvern in 1952, at the home of George Sayer. The recordings were later issued on long-playing gramophone records. In the liner notes for J.R.R. Tolkien Reads and Sings his The Hobbit & The Fellowship of the Ring, George Sayer wrote that Tolkien would relive the book as they walked and compared parts of the Malvern Hills to the White Mountains of Gondor.
Jørn Lier Horst, forfatter. Foto: Morten Rakke Photography.
Jørn Lier Horst (født 27. februar 1970 i Bamble på Telemarkskysten) regnes som en av Norges fremste kriminalforfattere. Han er bosatt i Stavern og arbeider som etterforskningsleder ved politiet i Vestfold. Hans erfaring med miljøet og metodene han skriver om gir romanene et svært realistisk og autentisk preg. Bøkene kjennetegnes samtidig av politiske og samfunnskommenterende underteksten.
Lie To Me dvd box set is an American television series that premiered on the Fox network on January 21, 2009.In May 2009,Lie to Me was renewed for a second season. In Lie To Me dvd, Dr. Cal Lightman (Tim Roth) and his colleagues in The Lightman Group accept assignments from third parties (commonly local and federal law enforcement), and assist in investigations, reaching the truth through applied psychology: interpreting microexpressions, through the Facial Action Coding System, and body language.
Hi,
On the Sleight of Mind Set day we not only teach you the tricks and illusions but go behind the curtain and reveal the psychology that underpins the methods. This is where the real power lies, by giving you the recipe for turning these tricks into effects that work for you.
It is about you getting reactions, setting yourself apart and standing out from the crowd, doing something different, satisfying your curiosity and learning novel skills. Mind Magic has a rich history and tradition of ideas and ways to achieve this. They allow you to:-
Show your unique perspective
Make events unique and special
Channel your drive
Exude your sense of fun
Inspire others with your ideas
Evidence your passion and empathy
Standout and apart from the crowd
Add value to others
Create curiosity and a buzz
Plant seeds of future conversations
Take up an authoritative stance
Provide a memorable experience
The Sleight of Mind Set Workshops are being held around the country in Bath - 21st September 2013, London - 1st October 2013, Glasgow - 8th October 2013, Birmingham - 15th October 2013 and Doncaster - 29th November 2013.For more information, please see www.mindsways.com/SMS/
THE ILLUSION OF ATTENTION
The Illusion of Attention means that what you say and what your listeners hear might not always be the same thing. This can very clearly be seen by watching the Invisible Gorilla test. What you see (or don't see) in the video will most likely be different from what someone else sees.
The ideas around "The Invisible Gorilla" by Chabris and Simons shows clearly the way our intuition is deceiving us. It is hard to look for multiple things at once and to distinguish similar looking objects whilst remaining attentive over periods of time performing the same task. Most people really believe they will notice unexpected changes, when in fact a very few actually do. You are probably very familiar with this idea and have seen the original video, however take a look at this newer shorter version. Only half the people notice the obvious, which half are you?
To see the original video and the new version, please go to www.mindsways.com/SMS#Gorilla
To be able to effectively get your message across, you must learn what your audience is paying attention to. What are they considering? What are they listening to? What are they thinking about? What did they see, or, what did they miss?
The power of the Sleight of Mind Set workshop comes from being packed full with demonstrations of this, the ideas and psychology behind what happens and why, and the tools, techniques and tricks that allow you do them for yourself.
The fact that we miss things is important, but what we tap into with Psychological Artistry is the surprise and enjoyment people get when they realise what they have missed. It is this use of our drop in visual acuity that is used by the magician in directing attention. Magicians are always making use of the illusion of attention. I know that people think it is misdirection that's used but it's actually the skill and techniques of directing attention that are used. We know how vividly we see things around us, but we are completely unaware of the details that fall outside of our current focus of attention.
As Nevil Maskelynne a magician said over a hundred years ago:
"It is not what you do, it is what people think you have done that matters"
Basically our memory of events is based on a combination of what actually happened and how we interpret what happens. We remember what we expect to remember, and this is greatly affected by the factors that trigger availability biases. A quote that underpins much of Psychological Artistry and Mind Magic is
"You cannot believe what you see, but you see what you believe."
For more on the role of illusions and Mind Magic, please see www.mindsways.com/SMS/
MIND'S EYE RULES
What people pay attention to can be heavily influenced by what is available to them at the time. The power of this is shown in a social psychology study from 1977:
The setup was two groups of people had to learn a list of words, the difference between the two being that four words were changed on each list. The words in list one included terms of praise such as, adventurous, self-confident, independent and persistent whilst list two had words such as reckless, conceited, aloof and stubborn.
Both groups were then asked to make a judgement on a youngster who had several dangerous hobbies. As you may have guessed, the effect was that the group who had the praise terms in their list gave a much better evaluation of him than the second group who were much more critical.
The effect here is what is called availability bias. In Psychological Artistry and Mind Magic, you learn to appreciate and use the information, opportunities and attitudes that are influenced by availability bias. An important aspect of making an impression is that you trigger positive and meaningful availability biases. This triggering is much stronger when it involves the following:-
Strong emotion
Very visible
Is dramatic
Has concrete images
Includes personal touch
Is authoritative
The use of the tools, techniques and ideas in Psychological Artistry and Mind Magic is focused on adding these qualities to your repertoire. By doing this you can create extraordinary moments for people, set yourself apart and make yourself stand out. The Sleight of Mind Set workshops were designed to help you bring the attributes in this list to what you do and enhance your delivery, your amount of engagement and your levels of interest.
To see more about the day, please go to www.mindsways.com/SMS/
INFORMATION ALONE IS NOT MOTIVATION
Your message has to make an impact and leave an impression, otherwise no actions will follow from it. To do this we have to think carefully about how we get our message across. Show me is more powerful than tell me in doing this, this is why we focus so much on the Show Not Tell (SNT) philosophy. This is one of the cores of the Sleight of Mind Set Workshop.
Visual illusions are real-world demonstrations of how our minds work. Because of their subjective nature, illusions are powerful expressions of how we fail to match what we see to the real world around us. This is what the SNT kit shows. All attendees of the day receive a copy of the SNT kit ant its DVD.
For more information on what the SNT kit is, please see www.mindsways.com/SNT/
The SNT kit is designed to give you a sense and understanding of what is going on beneath the surface, allowing you to grasp the psychology of every illusion. Remember, you can't believe what you see, but you see what you believe. It's easy to imagine that these illusions happen only on pieces of paper, on computer screens or during magic tricks; easy, but wrong. They're significant in all areas of our lives, affecting;
Our Identity (How you see yourself)
Our Aspirations (What you want to do in life)
Our Drives (Why you get out of bed in the morning)
Our Ambitions (Where you want to go)
Our Personality (Who you are)
And our very essence. Illusions, then, play a critical role in your life and in everyone else's. They determine how you act, behave and think. On the day, you also receive your own copy of the SNT kit, see www.mindsways.com/SNT/ for more information.
Psychological Artistry and Mind Magic has at its core the idea of showing, not just telling. Imagine any magic trick where the magician just described what was happening. This also brings to the fore the idea of ensuring Multiple Moments (MMI's) as part of your message. These are Multiple Moments of: Interest, Interaction and Insight. Imagine then taking this and combing it with ideas from "Thought Leadership" such as:
Focus creating clarity
Clarity showing power
Power giving you understanding
Understanding giving you certainty
Certainty leading to trust
Trust leading to actions
On the Sleight of Mind Set workshop, we use Psychological Artistry and Mind Magic as a means and a prism for looking at these ideas.
THE POWER OF PSYCHOLOGICAL ARTISTRY
The approach we take is what we call Psychological Artistry and involves using a blend of psychology, Mind Magic (or mentalism), personal development and smart thinking ideas. By tapping into people's imagination, curiosity and desire for mystery we can engage people in all different areas. By adding in psychological approaches, this is strengthened. I appreciate that by its very nature, it is not a traditional approach but that is where its power lies.
Interesting examples of how all is not as it appears are the McGurk effect, Richard Wiseman's "The Incredible Colour Changing Card Effect" Please take a look here or go to www.mindsways.com/SMS/ I would love to know what you think. These illustrate both the power and the approach of Psychological Artistry. Over the past two years, hundreds of people have found the benefits of including Psychological Artistry in what they do, to see what others have said, please go to www.mindsways.com/what-people-say/
WHAT DO YOU GET ON THE WORKSHOPS?
As well as learning the tricks, tools, techniques and ideas behind Mind Magic and Psychological Artistry from the day, you will get to take away with you:
The SMS Pack :- The materials you need to perform the tricks we go through on the day as well as a number of extras
The SNT Kit :- A pack of astounding and effective materials that can be used anytime, anywhere. For more information on this, please go to www.mindsways.com/SNT/
The Support Materials :- A 2 hour DVD that shows you through the kit, how to use it and background information. This is also available online.
The Presentation :- A copy of the presentation we use on the day for your reference
The eBook :- Written materials on the tricks, including scripts and how to use them
Follow-up Support :- Contact with the trainers for further support and advice
To learn more about the content of the workshop and any of the items above, please go to www.mindsways.com/SMS/
WHAT DO PEOPLE SAY ABOUT THE WORKSHOPS?
Over the past two years of delivering these workshops, the feedback from these has been extremely positive, with people from recent workshops saying things like:
"It really was most enjoyable and enlightening"
"The most unique training day I have ever been on"
"My target was to get 3 things to add to my training, I had 11 by lunchtime"
"Fantastic day... a great eye opener!"
"Thanks to you both for a challenging, stimulating and enjoyable day"
"I've had plenty of thoughts about how some of the approaches used might be incorporated into several areas of my work"
"A great course, with plenty to think about and over"
For more on what people say, please see www.mindsways.com/what-people-say/ and for more on the workshops themselves, please go to www.mindsways.com/SMS/
BOOKING YOUR PLACE
Overall, the workshops:
Acts as a catalyst for your future development
Are for people who are curious,
Add new skills to you
Enable you to apply the techniques and ideas from Psychological Artistry and Mind Magic
Act as a source of inspiration
Provide key insights in to the Power of Perspectives
Bridges the Creativity Gap,
Look at Innovation, creativity and creating extraordinary moments
Shows the power of Personal Touch,
Highlights the importance of Show, Not Tell
Using the materials from the SNT kit and the Sleight of Mind Set workshop, you will find a wealth of practical, real world techniques that can be applied to coaching, training, consultancy, presenting, business, personal development and therapy. To register your place on the Sleight of Mind Set Workshop, please go to www.mindsways.com/SMS
Thanks
George
P.S. The Show, Not Tell kit is available separately. For more on what the SNT kit is and what it does, please see www.mindsways.com/SNT/
P.P.S. We are now offering a number of bespoke Mindstwist events for organisations and businesses. These take place in-house or during conferences, meetings or during organisational events. They range from Talks, Workshops, Performances and Shows. For more information on our new range of Mindstwist Events, please see www.mindsways.com/mindstwist-events/
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The old Lier Mental Hospital was abandoned in 1986 and still is.
We arrived at 04:00 in the morning, and hoped that we would avoid meeting the local kids who sometimes uses this place to drink, look for ghosts and scare each other. We had some peaceful but also scary hours inside the abandoned building, all alone, or at least we liked to believe that we were alone.
The rumor says that the staff at Lier Mental Hospital tested new medicines, lobotomy, electroshocks and drugs like LSD on the patients. During the years 1941 to 1981 it is estimated that more than 3000 people were lobotomized in Norway, many of theme right here in this building.
Thanks to Ansgar Valbø for joining me on this trip and sharing tips and advice during the shoot and processing.
View Large On Black I Slideshow I Complete set
Comments and critique are always welcome :-)
I'm not here for your entertainment, I was fine before you walked into my life, cause you know it's over...before it began!
Paola
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monument_Valley
Monument Valley (Navajo: Tsé Biiʼ Ndzisgaii, pronounced [tsʰépìːʔ ǹtsɪ̀skɑ̀ìː], meaning "valley of the rocks") is a region of the Colorado Plateau characterized by a cluster of sandstone buttes, with the largest reaching 1,000 ft (300 m) above the valley floor. The most famous butte formations are located in northeastern Arizona along the Utah–Arizona state line. The valley is considered sacred by the Navajo Nation, the Native American people within whose reservation it lies.
Monument Valley has been featured in many forms of media since the 1930s. Famed director John Ford used the location for a number of his Westerns. Film critic Keith Phipps wrote that "its five square miles [13 km2] have defined what decades of moviegoers think of when they imagine the American West".
Sourc: navajonationparks.org/navajo-tribal-parks/monument-valley/
History
Before human existence, the Park was once a lowland basin. For hundreds of millions of years, materials that eroded from the early Rock Mountains deposited layer upon layer of sediment which cemented a slow and gentle uplift, generated by ceaseless pressure from below the surface, elevating these horizontal strata quite uniformly one to three miles above sea level. What was once a basin became a plateau.
Natural forces of wind and water that eroded the land spent the last 50 million years cutting into and peeling away at the surface of the plateau. The simple wearing down of altering layers of soft and hard rock slowly revealed the natural wonders of Monument Valley today.
From the visitor center, you see the world-famous panorama of the Mitten Buttes and Merrick Butte. You can also purchase guided tours from Navajo tour operators, who take you down into the valley in Jeeps for a narrated cruise through these mythical formations. Places such as Ear of the Wind and other landmarks can only be accessed via guided tours. During the summer months, the visitor center also features Haskenneini Restaurant, which specializes in both native Navajo and American cuisines, and a film/snack/souvenir shop. There are year-round restroom facilities. One mile before the center, numerous Navajo vendors sell arts, crafts, native food, and souvenirs at roadside stands.
Additional Foreign Language Tags:
(United States) "الولايات المتحدة" "Vereinigte Staaten" "アメリカ" "米国" "美国" "미국" "Estados Unidos" "États-Unis" "ארצות הברית" "संयुक्त राज्य" "США"
(Arizona) "أريزونا" "亚利桑那州" "אריזונה" "एरिजोना" "アリゾナ州" "애리조나" "Аризона"
(Utah) "يوتا" "犹他州" "יוטה" "यूटा" "ユタ州" "유타" "Юта"
(Monument Valley) "وادي النصب التذكاري" "纪念碑谷" "Vallée des monuments" "מוניומנט ואלי" "स्मारक घाटी" "モニュメントバレー" "모뉴먼트 밸리" "Долина Монументов" "Valle de los Monumentos"
The old Lier Mental Hospital was abandoned in 1986 and still is.
We arrived at 04:00 in the morning, and hoped that we would avoid meeting the local kids who sometimes uses this place to drink, look for ghosts and scare each other. We had some peaceful but also scary hours inside the abandoned building, all alone, or at least we liked to believe that we were alone.
The rumor says that the staff at Lier Mental Hospital tested new medicines, lobotomy, electroshocks and drugs like LSD on the patients. During the years 1941 to 1981 it is estimated that more than 3000 people were lobotomized in Norway, many of theme right here in this building.
Thanks to Ansgar Valbø for joining me on this trip and sharing tips and advice during the shoot and processing.
View Large On Black I Slideshow I Complete set
Comments and critique are always welcome :-)
The Bundi Palace is situated on the hillside adjacent to the Taragarh Fort and is notable for its lavish traditional murals and frescoes. The Chitrashala (picture gallery) of the palace is open to the general public.
____________________________
Bundi is a city with 104,457 101,000 inhabitants (2011) in the Hadoti region of Rajasthan state in northwest India. It is of particular architectural note for its ornate forts, palaces, and stepwell reservoirs known as baoris. It is the administrative headquarters of Bundi District.
GEOGRAPHY
The town of Bundi is situated 35 km from Kota and 210 km from Jaipur. It is located at 25.44°N 75.64°E and an average elevation of 268 metres. The city lies near a narrow gorge, and is surrounded on three sides by hills of the Aravalli Range. A substantial wall with four gateways encircles the city. The town of Indragarh and nearby places are famous for the renowned temples of Bijasan Mata and Kamleshwar. The Indargarh step well is considered as one of the most attractive places in the Bundi district, especially during the rainy season.
DEMOGRAPHICS
In the 2001 Indian census, Bundi had a population of 88,312. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Bundi has an average literacy rate of 67%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; with male literacy of 75% and female literacy of 57%. 14% of the population is under 6 years of age. In the 2011 Indian census Bundi has a population of 104,457 people.
HISTORY
In ancient times, the area around Bundi was apparently inhabited by various local tribes. Bundi and the eponymous princely state are said to derive their names from a former Meena tribe man called Bunda Meena. Bundi was previously called “Bunda-Ka-Nal", Nal meaning “narrow ways”. Later the region was governed by Rao Deva Hada, who took over Bundi from Jaita Meena in 1342, and established a princely state Bundi, renaming the surrounding area called Hadoti, the land of great Hada Rajputs.
MUGHAL ERA
Rao Surjan (1554–85) given Ranthambore Fort to Akbar in 1533. He was subsequently rewarded by Akbar with additional territory which expanded his kingdom. Both he and his successors entered the service of the Mughals and became one of their closest allies. From this time the rulers of Bundi bore the title of "Rao Raja".
One of the most notable rulers was Rao Ratan Singh Hada (1607–31) who saw service during the reign of the Emperor Jahangir. When Mughal Prince Khurram rebelled against his father, and gained the support of 22 Rajput princes, Rattan Singh stayed loyal to Jahangir. He defeated Prince Khurram at the battle of Burhanpur during which two of his sons were badly wounded. As a reward for his service Jahangir gave Ratan Singh many honours. With his 14 year old son Madho Singh having proven himself during the suppression of the rebellion as a courageous warrior Ratan Singh carved out of Bundi in 1580 sufficient land to create for Madho Singh the independent principality of Kota. Part of Kota was later used to create the separate Jhalawar State in 1838. Despite the loss of land to the new kingdom Ratan Singh retained sufficient territory and revenues to begin construction of the Garh palace.
Rao Chhattra Sal (1632–58) built the temple of Keshavarao at Patan and Chattra Mahal at Bundi. He saw service with the Mughal forces in the Deccan and was trusted by Dara Shikoh with governorship of Delhi, a rare privilege for a Rajput. He remained loyal to Shah Jahan and Dara Shikoh during the rebellion of Aurangzeb despite many temptations and died fighting at the head of his troops at the battle of Samurgarh in 1658 along with his youngest son Bharat Singh. Rao Bhao Singh (1658–78) the eldest son of Chhattar Sal succeeded his father to the throne of Bundi. When after the defeat of Dara Shikoh and his imprisonment of Shah Jahan, Aurangzeb became the Mughul emperor he dispatched troop under the command of Atmaram Gaur and Barh Singh Bundela to conquer Bundi. When they failed Aurangzeb made peace with Bhao Singh. Bhao Singh became sufficiently reconciled to Aurangzeb that he fought for him against Shivaji and at one time served as governor of Aurangabad. When his own son died during his lifetime he adopted Kishan Singh, the son of his brother Bhim Singh. When Kishan Singh too died early his 15 year old son Anirudh Singh (1682 to 1696) succeeded Bhao Singh on the throne.
Anirudh Singh served Aurangzeb in the Deccan and in the northwest under Prince Muazzam where he died. He was succeed by his eldest son Budha Singh, whose service to Muazzam (later Emperor Bahadur Shah I) in the war of succession to the Mughul throne saw the Bundi become dominate over Kota those ruler had backed the losing side.
During the reign of Rao Budh Singh (1696 to 1735) despite him being married to the sister of Jai Singh II of Jaipur, a bitter feud broke out between Bundi and the Kachwaha rulers of Amber (later called Jaipur) which led to him being expelled from his kingdom by surprise attack by the Kachwaha forces in 1702. He regained and lost his kingdom four times before he died in exile while Jaipur and Kota annexed large portion of his territory. It wasn’t until 1739 before the Bundi rulers were able to regain control of their kingdom after enlisting the aid of the Maratha general Malhar Rao Holkar who kept the estate of Patan for his services.
Relations became uneasy with Mewar after Prince Ajit Singh the heir to the Bundi throne killed Rana Ari Singh of Udaipur during the annual Aheria (Bundi’s ritual spring hunt) in 1773. Through claimed to be an accident Mewar historical records consider that it was an assassination which removed an unpopular ruler.
According to an ancient prophecy made by a dying sati it was said that if the rulers of Bundi and Mewar should ever meet at the event one of the two would die. According to legend, over the centuries such a meeting took place four times and on each occasion one of the rulers was killed by the other. Mewar sources indicate that there was only one other occasion when a Mewar ruler died when in 1531 Maharana Ratan Singh II of Mewar, accompanied Prince Surajmal of Bundi on a hunt. The two men despised each other. During the hunt the Maharana attacked Prince Surajmal which ended with both dying within minutes of each other.
BRITISH ERA
In 1804 Rao Raja Bishan Singh (1773–1821) gave valuable assistance to Colonel Monson in his disastrous retreat before Holkar, in revenge for which the Maratha Empire and Pindaris continually ravaged his state and forced the kingdom to pay tribute up to 1817 This led to Bishan Singh signing a subsidiary alliance with the British East India Company on 10 February 1818, which bought him under its protection. Bishan Singh was responsible for the creation of the pleasure palace of Sukh Niwas on the outskirts of Bundi.
Bishan Singh when dying of cholera entrusted James Tod with guardianship of his 11-year old son, Ram Singh. Maharao Raja Ram Singh (1821–89) grew up to be a much respected ruler who initiated economic and administrative reforms as well as establishing schools for the teaching of Sanskrit. On the throne for 68 years he was described as a grand specimen of the Rajput gentleman and "the most conservative prince in conservative Rajputana." His rule was popular and beneficial; and though during the mutiny of 1857 his attitude was equivocal, he continued to enjoy the confidence of the British, being created G.C.S.I. and a counsellor of the empire in 1877 and C.I.E. in 1878. He was succeeded by his adopted son Raghubir Singh (1889–1927), who was made a K.C.S.I. in 1897 and a G.C.I.E. in 1901. His reign was blighted by two disastrous famines which despite his best attempts to alleviated saw the population of his kingdom reduced from some 258,000 to 171,000 by 1901 due to death and immigration. Raghubir Singh supported the British during the World War I.[citation needed]
Maharao Bahadur Singh (1945–77) also supported the British and served in the Burma campaign where he earned the Military Cross for his gallantry before succeeding to the throne. He was a guest at the 1947 wedding of Princess Elizabeth and Philip, Duke of Edinburgh.
ACCESSION TO INDIA
At the time of the partition of India in 1947, the British abandoned their suzerainty over the princely states, which were left to decide whether to remain independent or to accede to the newly independent Dominion of India or to Pakistan. The ruler of the state of Bundi decided to accede to India, which later became the Union of India. This brought the internal affairs of Bundi under the control of Delhi.
RULERS
The hereditary rulers of Bundi used the title ‘Rao’ before being granted the prefix ‘Raja’ by the Mughals. A Raja is a ruler of exalted rank but inferior to Maharana or Maharawal.
- Rao Deva (1343 to 1342).
- Rao Napuji.
- Rao Hamuli (1384 to 1400).
- Rao Birsingh (1400 to 1415).
- Rao Biru (1415 to 1470).
- Rao Bandu (1470 to 1491).
- Rao Narayan Das (1491 to 1527).
- Rao Suraj Mal (1527 to 1531).
- Rao Surtan Singh (1531 to 1544).
- Rao Raja Surjan Singh (1544 to 1585).
- Rao Raja Bhoj Singh (1585 to 1608).
- Rao Raja Ratan Singh (1608 to 1632).
- Rao Raja Chhattar Sal Singh (1632 to 1658).
- Rao Raja Bhao Singh (1658 to1682).
- Rao Raja Anirudh Singh (1682 to 1696).
- Rao Raja Budh Singh (b. ... - d. 1739) (1696 to 1735).
- Rao Raja Dalel Singh (b. 1729 - d. 1804) (1735 to 1749).
- Rao Raja Umaid Singh (1749 to 1770) and again (1773 to 1804).
- Rao Raja Ajit Singh (b. ... - d. 1773) (1770 to 1773).
- Rao Raja Bishen Singh (b. ... - d. 1821) (1804 to 14 May 1821).
- Maharao Raja Ram Singh Sahib Bahadur (b. 1811 - d. 1889) (1821 to 28 Mar 1889).
- Colonel HH Maharao Raja Shri Sir Raghubir Singh Sahib Bahadur (b. 1869 - d. 1927) (12 April 1889 to 28 Jul 1927).
- Major HH Maharao Raja Shri Sir Iishwari Singh Bahadur (b. 1893 - d. 1945) (8 Aug 1927 to 3 Apr 1945).
- Col. HH Maharao Raja Shri Bahadur Singh Bahadur (1945 to 1977).
- HH Maharao Raja Ranjit Singh (b. 1920 - d. 1977) (1977 to 07-01-2010).
COAT OF ARMS
Bundi’s coat of arms is a shield depicting Garuda, the mount of Vishnu, flanked by winged griffins. The shield is flanked by bulls representing dharma or righteousness; it is crowned by a warrior emerging from flames, signifying the creation-legend of the ruling Chauhan clan, which was supposedly created from fire.
TOURIST ATTRACTIONS
- The Taragarh Fort, or 'Star Fort' is the most impressive of the city's structures. It was constructed in AD 1354 upon the top of steep hillside overlooking the city. The largest of its battlements is the 16th century bastion known as the Bhim Burj, on which was once mounted a particularly large cannon called Garbh Gunjam, or 'Thunder from the Womb'. The fort is a popular tourist viewpoint of the city below. The fort contains three tanks which never dry up. The technique with which they were built has been long since lost but the tanks survive as a testament to the advanced methods of construction and engineering in medieval India.
- The Bundi Palace is situated on the hillside adjacent to the Taragarh Fort and is notable for its lavish traditional murals and frescoes. The Chitrashala (picture gallery) of the palace is open to the general public.
- The largest of Bundi's baoris or stepwells is the intricately carved Raniji ki Baori. Some 46 m deep, it was built in 1699 by Rani Nathavatji. The steps built into the sides of the water-well made water accessible even when at a very low level. The baori is one of the largest examples of its kind in Rajasthan.
- The Nawal Sagar is a large square-shaped artificial lake in the centre of Bundi containing many small islets. A temple dedicated to Varuna, the vedic god of water, stands half-submerged in the middle of the lake. the lake feeds the numerous bavdis in the old city by creating an artificial water table.
- The Nagar Sagar twin step wells are identical step wells crafted in pristine masonry on either side of the main spine of Bundi town. The kunds (pools) are currently full of waste from the ancient vegetable market in the vicinity.
- The Dabhai Kund also known as the jail kund, is the largest of the kunds in Bundi. Though slightly overgrown, it is well worth a visit for the spectacular carvings on the numerous steps leading down to the water level.
THE STEPWELLS
There are over 50 stepwells in Bundi, of which only a handful have been maintained. They used to be the only source of water for the town until a piped water system was introduced. After that these stepwells were abandoned and the monuments fell into disrepair. Most of the former stepwells inside the town have become garbage dumps, and are slipping out of the public consciousness.
FESTIVALS
Festivals of Bundi
1. Kajali Teej
2. The Gangaur Festival
3. Bundi Festival - started by Rajmata Sahiba Daulat Kanwar Of Dugari & Shri Madhukarji Gupta which was inaugurated by Shreeji Arvin singhji Mewar & Kunwar Shivam Singh Dugari in !998.
WIKIPEDIA
La Liers vlaaike est une spécialité gourmande de Lier (Lierre), Belgique. Ce petit gâteau rond est à base de sirop candi et quatre épices.
Large version available HERE.
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Lier Psychiatric Hospital, formerly known as Lier Asylum, is a large facility in Buskerud, Norway. Opened in 1926, it's six patient blocks were intended to become one of the leading institutions curing and housing mental patients. At it's most, almost 700 patients were held here.
Although many were cured, the hospital is renowned for their experimental use of electroshock, lobotomy, and LSD. In 1992, documents revealed a number of 373 patients having been lobotomized in the period of 1941 to 1959 alone.
In 1986, most of the buildings were closed due to downsizing and the use of newer facilities in Drammen, but there's still some activity left on the premises.
After several years of discussion, money has been granted to remove the old, worn down buildings. I hope I'll be able to go back there at least once more before they are demolished.
The pictures in this set are from building D.