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I was asked a few weeks back, if I fancied meeting up with friends, Simon and Cam for a few bears and a crawl round Ipswich.
Seemed a great idea, but checking Network Rain this week, I found that there were replacement buses out of Liverpool Street to Whitham and out of Cambridge. The first added an hour to the trip to Ipswich, the second, 90 minutes.
Jools said she would enjoy a trip out and a walk around Manningtree, so we could go in the car, I would drive up, she would drive back, and we would both have some exercise and I would meet friends.
Perfect.
Although we had planned to go to Tesco first, in the end we had breakfast and set off at half seven, eager to get some miles under our belts before traffic really built at Dartford.
Up the A2 in bright sunshine, it was a great day for travel, but also I thought it might have been good for checking out orchid woods back home. But a change is always good, and it has been nearly 9 years since Simon invited me for a tour round historic Ipswich, showing there was almost as much history there than in Norwich to the north.
Into Essex before nine, and arriving in Ipswich before ten, we decided to find somewhere for breakfast first before going our separate ways.
A large breakfast later, we split up, and I went to wander north to St Margaret's church, which I had been into on that trip 9 years back, but my shots not so good.
I found many interesting places in-between the modern buildings and urban sprawl, timber framed houses, Tudor brick and much more beside.
Sadly, St Margaret was locked. I could see the notice on the porch door, so I didn't go up to see what it said.
I wandered back, found St Mary le Tower open, so went in and took over a hundred shots, soaking in the fine Victorian glass and carved bench ends, even if they were 19th century and not older.
In the south chapel, a group were talking quietly, so I tried not to disturb them, only realising how loud the shutter on the camera was.
The font took my eye first, as it is a well preserved one from the 15th century. Though these are common in East Anglia, not so in deepest Kent, so I snapped it from all directions, recording each mark of the carver's tools.
The clocked ticked round to midday, and so I made my way to the quayside where I was to meet my friends.
Simon lives in Ipswich, but Cam and David had come down on the train from the Fine City. We met at the Briarbank Brewery Tap where I had a couple of mocha porters, which were very nice indeed.
From there we went to the Dove where we had two more beers as well as lunch.
And finally a walk to The Spread Eagle for one final beer before I walked back to Portman Road to meet Jools at the car.
Jools drove us back to the A12, and pointed the car south. As we drove, dusk fell and rain began to fall. Not very pleasant. But at least traffic was light, so in an hour we were on the M25 and twenty minutes later over the river and back in Kent.
Rain fell steadily as we cruised down the M20, past the familiar landmarks until we were back in Dover. Where we had to make a pit stop at M and S, as we needed supplies, and something for supper.
Not sure that garlic bread and wine counts as a meal, but did for us, so at half nine, we climbed the hill to bed.
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Ipswich is the county town of Suffolk, and is also probably the longest continuously occupied town in England. Here on the River Gipping, in the south of the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of East Anglia, a number of 7th Century industrial villages grew together, and since then Ipswich has always been an industrial and commercial town, processing the produce of the land round about, and exporting it up the River Orwell to other parts of England and the continent. It was wealthy in the late medieval period, but it suffered from being cut off from its European markets by the outfall from the Reformation. A strongly puritan town in the 17th Century, a quiet backwater in the 18th Century, it was not until the Industrial Revolution that it rose to commercial prominence again, with heavy industry producing agricultural machinery, vehicles and other ironwork. It would continue to be important industrially until the 1980s, but then most of the factories closed, and the town has not yet recovered.
The townscape is punctuated by church towers and spires, for Ipswich has twelve surviving medieval churches. Remarkably, six of them are still in use, and of these St Mary le Tower is the biggest and most prominent. Its spire rises sixty metres above the rooftops, making it the second tallest building in the town after the Mill apartment block on the Waterfront. There was a church here in 1200, when the Borough of Ipswich came into being in the churchyard by the declaration of the granting of a charter. The medieval church had a spire until it came down in the hurricane of 1661. When the Diocese of Norwich oversaw the restoration of the church in the mid-19th Century the decision was taken for a complete rebuild in stone on the same site. It is almost entirely the work of diocesan surveyor Richard Phipson, who worked on it over a period of twenty years in the 1850s and 1860s, including replacing the spire, and so this is East Anglia's urban Victorian church par excellence. The rebuilding was bankrolled by the wealthy local Bacon banking family. It is a large church, built more or less on the plan of its predecessor, full of the spirit of its age. One could no more imagine Ipswich without the Tower than without the Orwell Bridge.
The length of the church splits the churchyard into two quite separate parts, the south side a public space, the walled north side atmospheric and secretive. The large cross to the south-west of the tower is not a war memorial. It remembers John Patteson, Bishop of Melanesia, murdered by some of his flock in the 1870s. Treated as a martyr by the press of the day, Patteson appears to have had no local connection, but the Pattesons had intermarried with the Cobbolds, an important local family, and Patteson Road by Ipswich docks also remembers him. There never was a north door, and the west doors are beautiful and liturgically correct but perhaps not useful, since they are below street level and the path merely leads round to the south, allowing processions but no access from Tower Street. The flushwork is exuberant, and makes you think that being a flint-knapper must have been a good living in the 1860s. As with the medieval predecessor, the entrance is through the tower which forms a porch on the south side, in common with about thirty other East Anglian churches. Until the 1860s there was a further castellated porch on the south side of the tower, something in the style of the Hadleigh Deanery tower, but this was removed. You can see it in as photograph at the top of this page. And looking at this photograph, it is hard not to think that Phipson retained at least part of the lower stage of the tower.
There is a small statue of the church's patron saint in the niche above the entrance, by the sculptor Richard Pfeiffer. Away to the east, the same sculptor produced St John the Evangelist and St Mary of Magdala on the end of the chancel, and there is more of his work inside. You step into the tower porch under vaulting. A small door in the north-east corner leads up into the ringing chamber and beyond that the belfry, with a ring of twelve bells. The south doorway into the church has stops representing the Annunciation, with the angel to the west, and Mary at her prayer desk to the east. As part of a Millennium project this doorway was painted and gilded. It leads through into the south aisle, beyond which the wide nave seems to swallow all sound, a powerful transition from the outside. Polished wood and tile gleam under coloured light from large windows filled with 19th Century glass. At one time the walls were stencilled, but this was removed in the 1960s. The former church was dark and serious inside, as a drawing in the north aisle shows, so it must have made quite a contrast when the townspeople first entered their new church.
The font by the doorway is the first of a number of significant survivals from the old church. It's one of the 15th Century East Anglian series of which several hundred survive, all slightly different. It is in good condition, and you can't help thinking that this is ironically because Ipswich was a town which embraced protestantism whole-heartedly after the Reformation, and it is likely that the font was plastered over in the mid-16th Century to make it plain and simple. The lions around the pillar stand on human heads, and there are more heads beneath the bowl. The next survival that comes into view is the pair of 15th Century benches at the west end of the nave. The bench ends are clerics holding books, and above them memorable finials depicting two lions, a dragon and what might be a cat or a dog.
The box pews were removed as part of Phipson's restoration and replaced with high quality benches. The front row are the Borough Corporation seats, a mace rest and a sword rest in front of them. The carvings on the ends of the benches are seahorses, the creatures that hold the shield on the Ipswich Borough arms, and on the finials in front are lions holding ships, the crest of the Borough. As you might expect in Ipswich these are by Henry Ringham, whose church carving was always of a high quality, and is perhaps best known at Woolpit and Combs. His workshop on St John's Road employed fifty people at the time of the 1861 census, but by the following year he was bankrupt, and so the work here is likely some of the last that he produced. He died in 1866, and Ringham Road in East Ipswich remembers him.
Moving into the chancel, the other major survival is a collection of late 15th and early 16th Century brasses. Altogether there are ten large figures, but in fact some of them represent the same person more than once. The most memorable is probably that of Alys Baldry, who died in 1507. She lies between her two husbands. The first, Robert Wimbill, is on the right. He died in about 1477. He was a notary, and his ink pot and pen case hang from his belt. Her second husband, Thomas Baldry, is on the left. He died in 1525. He was a merchant, and his merchant mark is set beneath his feet next to Alys's five daughters and four sons.
Alys Baldry, Robert Wimbill and Thomas Baldry are all depicted in further brasses here. The best of these is that to Robert. It was commissioned by his will in the 1470s. He lies on his own with a Latin inscription which translates as 'My hope lies in my heart. Holy Trinity, one God, have mercy on me.' His ink pot and pen case hang from his belt again, and between his feet are a skull and scattered bones, an early memento mori. Thomas Baldry's own brass memorial shows him lying between his two wives, Alys who we have already met, and his second wife Christian. The other group of three figures depicts Thomas Drayll, a merchant, with his wives Margaret and Agnes. Thomas died in 1512. The arms of the Cinque Ports are set above him, and a large merchant mark is beneath his feet. Several inscriptions are missing, and we know that when the iconoclast William Dowsing visited the church on 29th Janary 1644 he ordered the removal of six brass inscriptions with Ora pro nobis ('pray for us') and Ora pro animabus ('pray for our souls'), and Cujus animae propitietur deus ('on whose soul may God have mercy') and pray for the soul in English.
The spectacular sanctuary with its imposing reredos, piscina and sedilia was clearly designed for shadowy, incense-led worship. A lush Arts and Crafts crucifixion surmounts the altar. East Anglian saints flank the walls. James Bettley, revising the Buildings of England volume for East Suffolk, records that it was the work of Somers, Clarke & Micklethwaite in the 1880s. The chancel is only lit from the east window, emphasising the focus from the rest of the church. The set of twelve apostles and twelve angels on the choir stalls are also by Pfeiffer. You can see his signature on the back of St Luke's icon of the Blessed Virgin. This sanctuary is the ultimate expression of late 19th Century Tractarianism in Suffolk. Back in the nave, the early 18th Century pulpit speaks of a different liturgical age, when this church was a preaching house rather than a sacramental space. James Bettley credits its carving to James Hubbard, and notes its similarity to that in the Unitarian Meeting House a few hundred yards off. The 19th Century screen that stood in the chancel arch and separated these two liturgical ages was moved to the east end of the north aisle as an organ screen some time in the 20th Century.
Another screen separates off the Lady Chapel from the south aisle and the chancel. The chapel is a pleasing period piece, furnished sentimentally. The reredos, by Arthur Wallace in 1907, depicts the Supper at Emmaus flanked by Moses and Elijah in an echo of the Transfiguration. The early 20th Century paintings on the south wall are lovely, especially the infant Christ as he plays at the feet of St Joseph. But the overwhelming atmosphere of this church comes from its extensive range of 19th Century glass, the largest collection in Suffolk. It provides a catalogue of some of the major 19th Century workshops over a fairly short period, from the 1850s to the 1880s. Much of it is by Clayton & Bell, who probably received the commission for east and west windows and south aisle as part of Phipson's rebuilding contract. Other major workshops include those of William Wailes, the O'Connors and Lavers, Barraud & Westlake. A small amount of 1840s glass in the north aisle was reset here from the previous church. There are photographs of the glass at the bottom of this page.
As was common in major 19th Century restorations, the memorials that once flanked the walls were collected together and reset at the west end of the nave. At St Mary le Tower this was a major task, for there are a lot of them. The most famous is that to William Smart, MP for Ipswich in the late 16th Century. It is painted on boards. His inscription is a long acrostic, and he kneels at the bottom opposite his wife. between them is a panoramic view of the Ipswich townscape as it was in 1599, the year that he died, a remarkable snapshot of the past. Other memorials include those of the 17th Century when Ipswich was the heartland of firebrand protestant East Anglia. Matthew Lawrence, who died in 1653, was the publike preacher of this towne. There are more memorials in the north chancel aisle, now divided up as vestries. The best of these is to John and Elizabeth Robinson. He died in 1666. They kneel at their prayer desks, and below them are their children Thomas, John, Mary and Elizabeth, who all predeceased their mother. Also here are memorials to a number of the Cobbold family, who were not only important locally but even provided ministers for this church.
There are more Cobbold memorials in the nave, including one in glass at the west end of the north aisle. It is dedicated to Lucy Chevallier Cobbold, and depicts her with her daughter at the Presentation in the Temple. The Cobbold family embraced Tractarianism wholeheartedly, being largely responsible for the building of St Bartholomew near their home at Holywells Park. They probably had an influence over the Bacon family, whose wealth went towards the rebuilding, and whose symbol of a boar can be seen in the floor tiles. A good set of Stuart royal arms hangs above the west doorway.
I can't imagine what the 17th Century parishioners would make of this church if they could come back and see it now. Trevor Cooper, in his edition of The Journals of William Dowsing, recalls that the atmosphere in the town was so strongly puritan that in the 1630s the churchwardens were excommunicated for refusing to carry out the sacramentalist reforms of Archbishop Laud. The reforms demanded that the altar be returned to the chancel and railed in, but this was considered idolatrous by the parishioners. When the visitation commissioners of the Bishop of Norwich came to the church in April 1636 to see if the commands had been carried out, the churchwardens refused to give up the keys... verbally assaulting them and and confronting them with 'musketts charged, swords, staves and other weapons'.
Frank Grace, in his 'Schismaticall and Factious Humours': Opposition in Ipswich to Laudian Church Government, records a number of other incidents both here and in other Ipswich churches in the late 1630s, including an attack on 'a conformable minister' (that is to say one faithful to the Bishop) by a mob as well as a stranger who was invited by the town bailiffs to preach a very factious and seditious sermon in Tower church to a large congregation against the authority of the incumbent, who no doubt was held at bay while the ranting went on. As with all the Ipswich churches, the iconoclast William Dowsing was welcomed with open arms by the churchwardens here on his visit of January 1644. Looking around at Phipson's sacramental glory, it is hard to imagine now.
Simon Knott, December 2022
VUNG RO BAY, Vietnam (July 3rd, 2022) – Mr. Marc Knapper, U.S. Ambassador to Vietnam, right, shakes hands with Captain Hank Kim, Pacific Partnership 2022 (PP22) mission commander, upon arrival aboard Military Sealift Command hospital ship USNS Mercy (T-AH 19) during the PP22 Vietnam closing ceremony. Now in its 17th year, Pacific Partnership is the largest annual multinational humanitarian assistance and disaster relief preparedness mission conducted in the Indo-Pacific. (U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 2nd Class Drace Wilson) 220703-N-NC885-1013
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The museum ship, which was rebuilt in iron by the apprentice workshop of the Meyer-Werft (Papenburg), is a total of 40 m long and 6.20 m wide; the top mast schooner rigging reaches a height of 30 m.
History of the original ship:
Captain Alexander Kiepe (born 1831) had built the original for 30,000 Goldmark in 1890 at the shipyard Bernhard Sibum, which was to be used for larger sea voyages. Since only ships up to 150 tons had been built on the Haren shipyards, an outside shipbuilder had to be consulted who had sufficient experience in the construction of larger sailing vessels. According to the entry in the Aurich State Archives, the expert shipbuilder Ontjes from Leer was commissioned to do the building. He delivered the drawings and directed the execution.
Year of construction: 1891
Call sign: KQBJ
Reg.-No .: 7
BRT: 109
Length: 34.43 m
Width 6,22 m
Draft: 2.74
Carrying capacity: 220 t
Shipyard: Bernhard Sibum, Haren
Owner: Alexander Kiepe, Haren
After a year of construction, the "HELENE" was launched in March 1891.
The "HELENE" was used to carry out smaller coastal trips within the framework of their classification.
Soon after, Captain Hermann Kiepe decided to go on the Brazilian coast, because his ship was also suitable for the profitable Rio Grande ride due to the low draft. With the first crossing of the Atlantic, general cargo was taken from Hamburg to Rio Grande in southern Brazil. The crossing went smoothly, but shortly before Rio Grande the ship fell into one of the feared Brazilian storms, the Pampero. The masts of the pointed barge were partly severely damaged. After the repair, it ran with different Brazilian ports.
The ship was used on the coast of South America for several month. Seventy days lasted with a load of dried meat from Pelotas to Pernambuco. Since the meat was balanced with small scales, unloading lasted for eighty days.
After a few months the "HELENE" sailed across the ocean from Pelotas to Hamburg for the second time with a cargo of skins, bones and buffalo horns. This journey was full of drama. After fifty days, the crew noticed that some of the zinc plates had loosened from the ship's hull and sea water penetrated through the holes eaten by tropical drillworms into the loading area. Because of the freight, it was impossible to repair the damaged parts. "Pump or drawn" was now the solution for the crew for eighty days. Partially up to the hips standing in the water the men pumped for their lives. Three times the decision was made to give up the ship, but as soon as a favorable wind arose, this thought was dropped. However, the situation became more and more acute, as supplies became scarcer and the drinking water had to be rationed.
Finally, after a total of 130 days of driving, the hardships had come to an end and the "HELENE" could go to Falmouth in southern England. The load has been discharged.
After a thorough repair of the ship, Captain Hermann Kiepe soon took the "HELENE" the third trip across the Atlantic. He transported salt from Spain to Rio Grande. This trip was not without dangers. At Madeira, the ship and the crew fell into a severe storm, visualising certain death. But finally the Rio Grande goal was reached within 80 days.
This was followed by coastal trips in Brazil. During this time, the ship once again crossed the Atlantic and brought a cargo of skins to Antwerp. Then it sailed back to Brazil.
After about ten years of Brazilian travel with a total of five Atlantic crossings, Captain Hermann Kiepe sold the "HELENE" to a Brazilian company in 1904 and probably traveled back to Hamburg with a passenger steamer to buy a larger ship.
Spitzpünte "Helene"
Das von der Lehrlingswerkstatt der Meyer-Werft (Papenburg) in Eisen nachgebaute Museumsschiff ist insgesamt 40 m lang und 6,20 m breit; die Toppmastschonertakelung erreicht eine Höhe von 30 m.
Aus der Geschichte des Originals:
Kapitän Alexander Kiepe (geb. 1831) ließ 1890 auf der Werft Bernhard Sibum das Original für 30.000 Goldmark bauen, das für größere Seereisen eingesetzt werden sollte. Da auf den Harener Werften nur Schiffe bis 150 t gebaut worden waren, musste ein auswärtiger Schiffbaumeister hinzugezogen werden, der über genügend Erfahrung im Bau größerer Segler verfügte. Laut Eintragung im Staatsarchiv Aurich wurde der sachkundige Schiffbaumeister Ontjes aus Leer mit dem Bau beauftragt. Er lieferte die Zeichnungen und leitete die Ausführung.
Baujahr des Originals: 1891
Rufzeichen: KQBJ
Reg.-Nr.: 7
BRT: 109
Länge: 34,43 m
Breite 6,22 m
Tiefgang: 2,74
Tragfähigkeit: 220 t
Werft: Bernhard Sibum, Haren
Eigner: Alexander Kiepe, Haren
Nach einem Jahr Bauzeit wurde die „HELENE“ im März 1891 zu Wasser gelassen.
Mit der „HELENE“ wurden zunächst kleinere Küstenfahrten im Rahmen ihrer Klassifizierung durchgeführt.
Bald darauf entschloss sich Kapitän Hermann Kiepe in die brasilianische Küstenfahrt zu gehen, denn sein Schiff war aufgrund des geringen Tiefgangs auch für die gewinnbringende Rio-Grande-Fahrt geeignet. Mit der ersten Atlantik-über-querung wurde Stückgut von Hamburg nach Rio Grande in Südbrasilien gebracht. Die Überfahrt verlief glatt, aber kurz vor Rio Grande geriet das Schiff in einen der gefürchteten brasilianischen Stürme, dem Pampero. Die Masten der Spitzpünte wurden zum Teil stark beschädigt. Nach der Reparatur lief sie mit Frachten verschiedene brasilianische Häfen an.
Das Schiff wurde monatelang an den Küsten Südamerikas eingesetzt. Siebzig Tage dauerte die Fahrt mit einer Ladung getrocknetem Fleisch von Pelotas nach Pernambuco. Da das Fleisch mit kleinen Waagen ausgewogen wurde, zog sich das Entladen über achtzig Tage hin.
Nach einigen Monaten segelte die „HELENE“ mit einer Fracht Felle, Knochen und Büffelhörnern zum zweiten Mal über den Ozean, von Pelotas nach Hamburg. Diese Reise verlief voller Dramatik. Nach fünfzig Tagen bemerkte die Besatzung, dass sich einige Zinkplatten vom Schiffsrumpf gelöst hatten und Seewasser durch die von tropischen Bohrwürmern gefressenen Löcher in den Laderaum eindrang. Wegen der Fracht war es unmöglich, die schadhaften Stellen auszubessern. „Pumpen of versupen“ lautete jetzt für achtzig Tage die Losung der Besatzung. Teilweise bis zu den Hüften im Wasser stehend pumpten die Männer um ihr Leben. Dreimal wurde der Entschluss gefasst, das Schiff aufzugeben, doch sobald wieder günstiger Wind aufkam, wurde dieser Gedanke fallen gelassen. Die Situation spitzte sich aber zu, als die Vorräte immer knapper wurden und das Trinkwasser rationiert werden musste.
Endlich, nach insgesamt 130 Tagen Fahrt, hatten die Strapazen ein Ende und die „HELENE“ konnte Falmouth in Südengland anlaufen. Die Ladung wurde gelöscht.
Nach einer gründlichen Instandsetzung des Schiffes unternahm Kapitän Hermann Kiepe mit der „HELENE“ schon bald die dritte Reise über den Atlantik. Er transportierte von Spanien aus Salz nach Rio Grande. Auch diese Reise war nicht ohne Gefahren. Bei Madeira gerieten das Schiff und die Mannschaft in ein schweres Unwetter, bei dem sie den sicheren Tod vor Augen hatten. Aber schließlich wurde das Ziel Rio Grande innerhalb von nur 80 Tagen sicher erreicht.
Jahrelang folgten danach Küstenfahrten in Brasilien. Während dieser Zeit überquerte das Schiff noch einmal den Atlantik und brachte eine Ladung Felle nach Antwerpen. Anschließend segelte er wieder nach Brasilien zu-rück.
Nach ca. zehn Jahren Brasilienfahrt mit insgesamt fünf Atlantiküberquerungen verkaufte Kapitän Hermann Kiepe im Jahre 1904 die „HELENE“ an eine brasilianische Firma und reiste vermutlich mit einem Passagierdampfer nach Hamburg zurück, um sich dort ein größeres Schiff zu kaufen.
Flint-knapped arrowhead ("Coshocton Flint") from the Pennsylvanian of Ohio, USA. (~9.3 centimeters tall)
Knapper: Ernie Raber
"Flint" is the official gemstone of Ohio. Flint is actually chert (the two terms are synonymous, despite what anyone else might say), a cryptocrystalline, quartzose sedimentary rock. High-quality, colorful, multicolored, and multipatterned flint is moderately common at some Ohio localities. A couple famous flint occurrences in eastern Ohio include the Vanport Flint and the Upper Mercer Flint.
The Upper Mercer Flint is in the Pottsville Group (Lower to Middle Pennsylvanian), a marine to nonmarine, cyclothemic succession of shale, sandstone, limestone, coal, clay, and chert (flint). The Upper Mercer is a somewhat persistent marine limestone horizon that is often extensively chertified to black flint with whitish speckles (= often body fossils and fossil fragments). A dark bluish variant in the Nellie area of Coshocton County is called "Nellie Blue Flint". Flint knappers often call the Upper Mercer "Coshocton Flint".
This Upper Mercer Flint arrowhead is a modern replica made by a skilled knapper named Ernie Raber. The whitish object at left appears to be a silicified brachiopod fossil.
Stratigraphy: Upper Mercer Flint (= chertified Upper Mercer Limestone), upper Bedford Cyclothem, upper Pottsville Group, Atokan Series, lower Middle Pennsylvanian
Locality: undisclosed site in Ohio, USA
Berlin, "Municipal Baths Reloaded", Video Art and Light installations in the Lichtenberg Municipal Baths": Women's shower room in the Small Hall - unlike the men's showers, there are partitions between the showers. Video loops were also shown here
Als Lichtenberg 1907 in den Rang einer Stadt erhoben wurde und sein erstes Rathaus besaß, plante die Stadtverwaltung auch die entsprechenden städtischen Einrichtungen wie ein Amtsgericht, ein Krankenhaus, ein Entbindungsheim, Schulen und ein Volksbad. Die Kommune erwarb ein 3800 m² großes Grundstück an der Frankfurter Allee und gründete eine Kommission für die Erbauung einer Volksbadeanstalt, besetzt mit sieben Stadtverordneten und sieben Bürgerdeputierten. Architekten lieferten sogar in der Zeit des Ersten Weltkriegs Baupläne für eine solche öffentliche Badeeinrichtung. Der erste Spatenstich erfolgte im Jahr 1919 und die Fundamente wurden gelegt. Weil Lichtenberg 1920 als Bezirk nach Groß-Berlin eingemeindet wurde und seinen Stadtstatus verlor (und sicherlich auch wegen knapper Kassen unmittelbar nach dem Krieg), wurden die Bauarbeiten eingestellt. Erst 1925, nach Überwindung der Inflation, wurde weitergebaut, nachdem die Ingenieur-Architekten Rudolf Gleye und Otto Weis die vorhandenen Pläne aktualisiert hatten. Es entstand ein mehrgliedriger kubischer Baukörper im Stil des Expressionismus mit – nach damaligen Vorstellungen – sehr modernen Ausstattungen:
Die Einweihung des Hubertusbades nahm der Berliner Oberbürgermeister Gustav Böß am 2. Februar 1928 vor. Im Zweiten Weltkrieg beschädigte eine Sprengbombe das Gebäude an der Nordwestseite, es blieb aber noch funktionstüchtig. Außerdem gingen durch die Druckwellen die meisten Scheiben zu Bruch. Das Bad wurde notdürftig repariert. Als im Zusammenhang mit der Errichtung kompletter Neubauviertel in den östlichen Stadtbezirken ab Ende der 1960er Jahre dort auch neue lichtdurchflutete Schwimmhallen entstanden, verlor das Hubertusbad seine über den Bezirk hinausgehende Bedeutung. Hinzu kam, dass nun Baumängel, die bereits seit der Fertigstellung vorhanden waren, immer gravierender wurden, 1988 musste deshalb zunächst die große Halle geschlossen werden. Grund war ein Defekt an der Wasseraufbereitungs- und Heizungsanlage, der sich nicht mehr beheben ließ. Nach dem Mauerfall und dem schrittweisen Zusammenwachsen der gesamten Stadt galten die bisherigen bundesdeutschen Vorschriften für solche Einrichtungen, Geld für Reparaturen stand nun auch nicht mehr bereit. Als 1991 die Hauptwasserzuführung kaputtging, mussten auch die kleine Halle und alle anderen Badeinrichtungen geschlossen werden. Die kleine Halle diente dann zweckentfremdet als Lagerhalle.. Im Jahr 2016 fasste der Senat von Berlin einen Entschluss, der einer Wiederbelebung des Bades einen großen Schritt näher kam: der Komplex bleibt Eigentum des Landes Berlin. Im Auftrag der Stadt kümmert sich seitdem das Unternehmen Berliner Immobilienmanagement (BIM) um Möglichkeiten der Nachnutzung.
Eine Wiederaufnahme des Badebetriebes ist wegen der hohen Investitionskosten und der Unwirtschaftlichkeit eines laufenden Betriebes nicht mehr vorgesehen. Daher soll das Stadtbad Lichtenberg sowohl Veranstaltungsort als auch Begegnungszentrum im Kiez werden. Zur langfristigen Erreichung dieses Zieles wurde ein Zwei-Stufen-Plan beschlossen und unter Beteiligung der Öffentlichkeit in einem Konkretisierungs- und Planungsworkshop vertieft: Im ersten Bauabschnitt, der Anfang des Jahres 2022 abgeschlossen war, wurden aus dem Haus mehrere Tonnen Bauschutt entfernt sowie Elektroanschlüsse und Sanitäranlagen im linken (östlichen) Gebäudeteil wieder hergerichtet. Über das Becken der ehemaligen Frauenschwimmhalle wurde ein Holzboden gezogen, auf dem seit 2022 Ausstellungen und andere Events stattfinden können. Auf diesem Parkettboden können bis zu 200 Personen platziert werden. Hier finden temporäre Veranstaltungen statt, wie die, die wir besucht haben. Sie heißt "Stadtbad Reloaded" und führt die Gäste auf einen spannenden Rundgang durch das Haus, welches mit beeindruckenden Lichtinstallationen und über 157 digitalen Kunstwerken in allen Ecken wieder zum Leben erwacht.
Quelle: Überwiegend Wikipedia
When Lichtenberg was elevated to the status of a town in 1907 and had its first town hall, the town council also planned the corresponding municipal facilities such as a district court, a hospital, a maternity home, schools and a public swimming pool. The municipality acquired a 3,800 square metre plot of land on Frankfurter Allee and set up a commission for the construction of a public baths, consisting of seven city councillors and seven citizen deputies. Architects even provided construction plans for such a public bathing facility during the First World War. The ground-breaking ceremony took place in 1919 and the foundations were laid. Because Lichtenberg was incorporated into Greater Berlin as a borough in 1920 and lost its city status (and no doubt also due to a shortage of funds immediately after the war), construction work was halted. It was not until 1925, after the inflation had been overcome, that building work resumed after the engineer-architects Rudolf Gleye and Otto Weis had updated the existing plans. The result was a multi-storey cubic building in the Expressionist style with - according to the ideas of the time - very modern fixtures and fittings. The Hubertusbad was inaugurated by the Lord Mayor of Berlin, Gustav Böß, on 2 February 1928. During the Second World War, a high-explosive bomb damaged the building on the north-west side, but it remained functional. Most of the windows were also broken by the blast waves. The baths were provisionally repaired. When new, light-flooded swimming pools were built in the eastern boroughs at the end of the 1960s in connection with the construction of entire new neighbourhoods, the Hubertus Baths lost its importance beyond the borough. In addition, construction defects, which had been present since completion, became increasingly serious, and in 1988 the large hall had to be closed. The reason was a defect in the water treatment and heating system that could no longer be repaired.
After the fall of the Berlin Wall and the gradual merging of the entire city, the regulations for such facilities in vigour in West Germany applied and there was no longer any money available for repairs. When the main water supply broke in 1991, the small hall and all other bathing facilities had to be closed. The small hall was then misused as a warehouse. In 2016, the Berlin Senate took a decision that brought the revitalisation of the baths a big step closer: the complex remains property of the state of Berlin. Since then, the Berlin Real Estate Management Administration (BIM) has been working on behalf of the city to find ways to reutilise the site. Due to the high investment costs and the inefficiency of the operation of the pools, it is no longer planned to resume bathing activities. The Lichtenberg Municipal Baths are therefore to become both a venue for events and a meeting centre in the neighbourhood. In order to achieve this goal in the long term, a two-stage plan was adopted and further developed with the participation of the public in a concretisation and planning workshop:
In the first construction phase, which was completed at the beginning of 2022, several tonnes of rubble were removed from the building and electrical connections and sanitary facilities were restored in the left-hand (eastern) part of the building. A wooden floor was laid over the pool of the former women's swimming pool, which has been used for exhibitions and other events since 2022. Up to 200 people can be seated on this parquet floor. Temporary events take place here, like the one we visited. It is called ‘Municipal Baths Reloaded’ and takes guests on an exciting tour of the building, which comes back to life with impressive light installations and over 157 digital artworks in every corner.
Source: Mainly Wikipedia
Flint from the Pennsylvanian of Ohio, USA. (polished)
Flint is the "official" state gemstone of Ohio (actually, there's no such thing as "official" anything). "Flint" is sometimes used as a lithologic term by modern geologists, but it is a synonym for chert. Flint and chert are the same - they are cryptocrystalline, quartzose sedimentary rocks. Rockhounds often assert that flint is high-quality while chert is low-quality. Some geologists assert that "flint" implies a biogenic origin and "chert" implies a chemical origin.
Many cherts do have a chemical origin - chert nodules are moderately common in some limestone units. The nodules form during diagenesis - pre-existing silica components in the carbonate sediments are dissolved, mobilized, and reprecipitated as chert masses. Some cherts do have a biogenic origin - for example, radiolarian cherts (rich in radiolarian microfossils) or spicular cherts (rich in siliceous sponge spicules).
The most famous flint deposit in Ohio is Flint Ridge, in Licking County. At this locality, the Middle Pennsylvanian-aged Vanport Flint is exposed in several places. The geologic literature on the Vanport Flint is relatively sparse, with inaccurate, incomplete descriptions and characterizations. For example, the literature describes the Vanport as a sheet of flint at Flint Ridge - it's actually a meganodule horizon. Other descriptions refer to the chert as the remains of siliceous sponges. In reality, siliceous sponge spicules are quite scarce in Vanport samples.
Two graduate student projects during the 2000s, conducted at two different universities, had very different conclusions & interpretations about the origin of the Vanport Flint. A 2003 study concluded that chert at Flint Ridge is biogenic in origin. A 2006 study concluded that the chert is chemical in origin. Some Pennsylvanian-aged cherts in eastern America are inferred to be ultimately derived from quartzose eolian dust on seafloors.
Modern flint knappers value the Vanport Flint for being multicolored and high-quality (= very few impurities). With artificial heating, the flint is more easily knapped into arrowheads, spear points, and other objects. Prehistoric American Indians quarried the Vanport Flint at many specific sites on Flint Ridge. Old Indian flint pits can be examined along hiking trails in Flint Ridge State Park. Many authentic Indian artifacts found in Ohio (arrowheads & spearpoints - "projectile points") are composed of Vanport Flint.
Stratigraphy: Vanport Flint, Allegheny Group, upper Middle Pennsylvanian
Locality: Nethers Flint Quarries - flint pits in the woods on the southwestern side of Flint Ridge Road, eastern Flint Ridge, far-western Muskingum County, east-central Ohio, USA (vicinity of 40° 00.137’ North latitude, 82° 11.544’ West longitude)
Als Lichtenberg 1907 in den Rang einer Stadt erhoben wurde und sein erstes Rathaus besaß, plante die Stadtverwaltung auch die entsprechenden städtischen Einrichtungen wie ein Amtsgericht, ein Krankenhaus, ein Entbindungsheim, Schulen und ein Volksbad. Die Kommune erwarb ein 3800 m² großes Grundstück an der Frankfurter Allee und gründete eine Kommission für die Erbauung einer Volksbadeanstalt, besetzt mit sieben Stadtverordneten und sieben Bürgerdeputierten. Architekten lieferten sogar in der Zeit des Ersten Weltkriegs Baupläne für eine solche öffentliche Badeeinrichtung. Der erste Spatenstich erfolgte im Jahr 1919 und die Fundamente wurden gelegt. Weil Lichtenberg 1920 als Bezirk nach Groß-Berlin eingemeindet wurde und seinen Stadtstatus verlor (und sicherlich auch wegen knapper Kassen unmittelbar nach dem Krieg), wurden die Bauarbeiten eingestellt. Erst 1925, nach Überwindung der Inflation, wurde weitergebaut, nachdem die Ingenieur-Architekten Rudolf Gleye und Otto Weis die vorhandenen Pläne aktualisiert hatten. Es entstand ein mehrgliedriger kubischer Baukörper im Stil des Expressionismus mit – nach damaligen Vorstellungen – sehr modernen Ausstattungen:
Die Einweihung des Hubertusbades nahm der Berliner Oberbürgermeister Gustav Böß am 2. Februar 1928 vor. Im Zweiten Weltkrieg beschädigte eine Sprengbombe das Gebäude an der Nordwestseite, es blieb aber noch funktionstüchtig. Außerdem gingen durch die Druckwellen die meisten Scheiben zu Bruch. Das Bad wurde notdürftig repariert. Als im Zusammenhang mit der Errichtung kompletter Neubauviertel in den östlichen Stadtbezirken ab Ende der 1960er Jahre dort auch neue lichtdurchflutete Schwimmhallen entstanden, verlor das Hubertusbad seine über den Bezirk hinausgehende Bedeutung. Hinzu kam, dass nun Baumängel, die bereits seit der Fertigstellung vorhanden waren, immer gravierender wurden, 1988 musste deshalb zunächst die große Halle geschlossen werden. Grund war ein Defekt an der Wasseraufbereitungs- und Heizungsanlage, der sich nicht mehr beheben ließ. Nach dem Mauerfall und dem schrittweisen Zusammenwachsen der gesamten Stadt galten die bisherigen bundesdeutschen Vorschriften für solche Einrichtungen, Geld für Reparaturen stand nun auch nicht mehr bereit. Als 1991 die Hauptwasserzuführung kaputtging, mussten auch die kleine Halle und alle anderen Badeinrichtungen geschlossen werden. Die kleine Halle diente dann zweckentfremdet als Lagerhalle.. Im Jahr 2016 fasste der Senat von Berlin einen Entschluss, der einer Wiederbelebung des Bades einen großen Schritt näher kam: der Komplex bleibt Eigentum des Landes Berlin. Im Auftrag der Stadt kümmert sich seitdem das Unternehmen Berliner Immobilienmanagement (BIM) um Möglichkeiten der Nachnutzung.
Eine Wiederaufnahme des Badebetriebes ist wegen der hohen Investitionskosten und der Unwirtschaftlichkeit eines laufenden Betriebes nicht mehr vorgesehen. Daher soll das Stadtbad Lichtenberg sowohl Veranstaltungsort als auch Begegnungszentrum im Kiez werden. Zur langfristigen Erreichung dieses Zieles wurde ein Zwei-Stufen-Plan beschlossen und unter Beteiligung der Öffentlichkeit in einem Konkretisierungs- und Planungsworkshop vertieft: Im ersten Bauabschnitt, der Anfang des Jahres 2022 abgeschlossen war, wurden aus dem Haus mehrere Tonnen Bauschutt entfernt sowie Elektroanschlüsse und Sanitäranlagen im linken (östlichen) Gebäudeteil wieder hergerichtet. Über das Becken der ehemaligen Frauenschwimmhalle wurde ein Holzboden gezogen, auf dem seit 2022 Ausstellungen und andere Events stattfinden können. Auf diesem Parkettboden können bis zu 200 Personen platziert werden. Hier finden temporäre Veranstaltungen statt, wie die, die wir besucht haben. Sie heißt "Stadtbad Reloaded" und führt die Gäste auf einen spannenden Rundgang durch das Haus, welches mit beeindruckenden Lichtinstallationen und über 157 digitalen Kunstwerken in allen Ecken wieder zum Leben erwacht.
Quelle: Überwiegend Wikipedia
When Lichtenberg was elevated to the status of a town in 1907 and had its first town hall, the town council also planned the corresponding municipal facilities such as a district court, a hospital, a maternity home, schools and a public swimming pool. The municipality acquired a 3,800 square metre plot of land on Frankfurter Allee and set up a commission for the construction of a public baths, consisting of seven city councillors and seven citizen deputies. Architects even provided construction plans for such a public bathing facility during the First World War. The ground-breaking ceremony took place in 1919 and the foundations were laid. Because Lichtenberg was incorporated into Greater Berlin as a borough in 1920 and lost its city status (and no doubt also due to a shortage of funds immediately after the war), construction work was halted. It was not until 1925, after the inflation had been overcome, that building work resumed after the engineer-architects Rudolf Gleye and Otto Weis had updated the existing plans. The result was a multi-storey cubic building in the Expressionist style with - according to the ideas of the time - very modern fixtures and fittings. The Hubertusbad was inaugurated by the Lord Mayor of Berlin, Gustav Böß, on 2 February 1928. During the Second World War, a high-explosive bomb damaged the building on the north-west side, but it remained functional. Most of the windows were also broken by the blast waves. The baths were provisionally repaired. When new, light-flooded swimming pools were built in the eastern boroughs at the end of the 1960s in connection with the construction of entire new neighbourhoods, the Hubertus Baths lost its importance beyond the borough. In addition, construction defects, which had been present since completion, became increasingly serious, and in 1988 the large hall had to be closed. The reason was a defect in the water treatment and heating system that could no longer be repaired.
After the fall of the Berlin Wall and the gradual merging of the entire city, the regulations for such facilities in vigour in West Germany applied and there was no longer any money available for repairs. When the main water supply broke in 1991, the small hall and all other bathing facilities had to be closed. The small hall was then misused as a warehouse. In 2016, the Berlin Senate took a decision that brought the revitalisation of the baths a big step closer: the complex remains property of the state of Berlin. Since then, the Berlin Real Estate Management Administration (BIM) has been working on behalf of the city to find ways to reutilise the site. Due to the high investment costs and the inefficiency of the operation of the pools, it is no longer planned to resume bathing activities. The Lichtenberg Municipal Baths are therefore to become both a venue for events and a meeting centre in the neighbourhood. In order to achieve this goal in the long term, a two-stage plan was adopted and further developed with the participation of the public in a concretisation and planning workshop:
In the first construction phase, which was completed at the beginning of 2022, several tonnes of rubble were removed from the building and electrical connections and sanitary facilities were restored in the left-hand (eastern) part of the building. A wooden floor was laid over the pool of the former women's swimming pool, which has been used for exhibitions and other events since 2022. Up to 200 people can be seated on this parquet floor. Temporary events take place here, like the one we visited. It is called ‘Municipal Baths Reloaded’ and takes guests on an exciting tour of the building, which comes back to life with impressive light installations and over 157 digital artworks in every corner.
Source: Mainly Wikipedia
Flint from the Pennsylvanian of Ohio, USA.
Flint is the "official" state gemstone of Ohio (actually, there's no such thing as "official" anything). "Flint" is sometimes used as a lithologic term by modern geologists, but it is a synonym for chert. Flint and chert are the same - they are cryptocrystalline, quartzose sedimentary rocks. Rockhounds often assert that flint is high-quality while chert is low-quality. Some geologists assert that "flint" implies a biogenic origin and "chert" implies a chemical origin.
Many cherts do have a chemical origin - chert nodules are moderately common in some limestone units. The nodules form during diagenesis - pre-existing silica components in the carbonate sediments are dissolved, mobilized, and reprecipitated as chert masses. Some cherts do have a biogenic origin - for example, radiolarian cherts (rich in radiolarian microfossils) or spicular cherts (rich in siliceous sponge spicules).
The most famous flint deposit in Ohio is Flint Ridge, in Licking County. At this locality, the Middle Pennsylvanian-aged Vanport Flint is exposed in several places. The geologic literature on the Vanport Flint is relatively sparse, with inaccurate, incomplete descriptions and characterizations. For example, the literature describes the Vanport as a sheet of flint at Flint Ridge - it's actually a meganodule horizon. Other descriptions refer to the chert as the remains of siliceous sponges. In reality, siliceous sponge spicules are quite scarce in Vanport samples.
Two graduate student projects during the 2000s, conducted at two different universities, had very different conclusions & interpretations about the origin of the Vanport Flint. A 2003 study concluded that chert at Flint Ridge is biogenic in origin. A 2006 study concluded that the chert is chemical in origin.
Modern flint knappers value the Vanport Flint for being multicolored and high-quality (= very few impurities). With artificial heating, the flint is more easily knapped into arrowheads, spear points, and other objects. Prehistoric American Indians quarried the Vanport Flint at many specific sites on Flint Ridge. Old Indian flint pits can be examined along hiking trails in Flint Ridge State Park (the political name of this park has since changed several times). Many authentic Indian artifacts found in Ohio (arrowheads & spearpoints - "projectile points") are composed of Vanport Flint.
Stratigraphy: Vanport Flint, Allegheny Group, upper Middle Pennsylvanian
Locality: undetermined site on Flint Ridge, Licking County or Muskingum County, east-central Ohio, USA
Als Lichtenberg 1907 in den Rang einer Stadt erhoben wurde und sein erstes Rathaus besaß, plante die Stadtverwaltung auch die entsprechenden städtischen Einrichtungen wie ein Amtsgericht, ein Krankenhaus, ein Entbindungsheim, Schulen und ein Volksbad. Die Kommune erwarb ein 3800 m² großes Grundstück an der Frankfurter Allee und gründete eine Kommission für die Erbauung einer Volksbadeanstalt, besetzt mit sieben Stadtverordneten und sieben Bürgerdeputierten. Architekten lieferten sogar in der Zeit des Ersten Weltkriegs Baupläne für eine solche öffentliche Badeeinrichtung. Der erste Spatenstich erfolgte im Jahr 1919 und die Fundamente wurden gelegt. Weil Lichtenberg 1920 als Bezirk nach Groß-Berlin eingemeindet wurde und seinen Stadtstatus verlor (und sicherlich auch wegen knapper Kassen unmittelbar nach dem Krieg), wurden die Bauarbeiten eingestellt. Erst 1925, nach Überwindung der Inflation, wurde weitergebaut, nachdem die Ingenieur-Architekten Rudolf Gleye und Otto Weis die vorhandenen Pläne aktualisiert hatten. Es entstand ein mehrgliedriger kubischer Baukörper im Stil des Expressionismus mit – nach damaligen Vorstellungen – sehr modernen Ausstattungen:
Die Einweihung des Hubertusbades nahm der Berliner Oberbürgermeister Gustav Böß am 2. Februar 1928 vor. Im Zweiten Weltkrieg beschädigte eine Sprengbombe das Gebäude an der Nordwestseite, es blieb aber noch funktionstüchtig. Außerdem gingen durch die Druckwellen die meisten Scheiben zu Bruch. Das Bad wurde notdürftig repariert. Als im Zusammenhang mit der Errichtung kompletter Neubauviertel in den östlichen Stadtbezirken ab Ende der 1960er Jahre dort auch neue lichtdurchflutete Schwimmhallen entstanden, verlor das Hubertusbad seine über den Bezirk hinausgehende Bedeutung. Hinzu kam, dass nun Baumängel, die bereits seit der Fertigstellung vorhanden waren, immer gravierender wurden, 1988 musste deshalb zunächst die große Halle geschlossen werden. Grund war ein Defekt an der Wasseraufbereitungs- und Heizungsanlage, der sich nicht mehr beheben ließ. Nach dem Mauerfall und dem schrittweisen Zusammenwachsen der gesamten Stadt galten die bisherigen bundesdeutschen Vorschriften für solche Einrichtungen, Geld für Reparaturen stand nun auch nicht mehr bereit. Als 1991 die Hauptwasserzuführung kaputtging, mussten auch die kleine Halle und alle anderen Badeinrichtungen geschlossen werden. Die kleine Halle diente dann zweckentfremdet als Lagerhalle.. Im Jahr 2016 fasste der Senat von Berlin einen Entschluss, der einer Wiederbelebung des Bades einen großen Schritt näher kam: der Komplex bleibt Eigentum des Landes Berlin. Im Auftrag der Stadt kümmert sich seitdem das Unternehmen Berliner Immobilienmanagement (BIM) um Möglichkeiten der Nachnutzung.
Eine Wiederaufnahme des Badebetriebes ist wegen der hohen Investitionskosten und der Unwirtschaftlichkeit eines laufenden Betriebes nicht mehr vorgesehen. Daher soll das Stadtbad Lichtenberg sowohl Veranstaltungsort als auch Begegnungszentrum im Kiez werden. Zur langfristigen Erreichung dieses Zieles wurde ein Zwei-Stufen-Plan beschlossen und unter Beteiligung der Öffentlichkeit in einem Konkretisierungs- und Planungsworkshop vertieft: Im ersten Bauabschnitt, der Anfang des Jahres 2022 abgeschlossen war, wurden aus dem Haus mehrere Tonnen Bauschutt entfernt sowie Elektroanschlüsse und Sanitäranlagen im linken (östlichen) Gebäudeteil wieder hergerichtet. Über das Becken der ehemaligen Frauenschwimmhalle wurde ein Holzboden gezogen, auf dem seit 2022 Ausstellungen und andere Events stattfinden können. Auf diesem Parkettboden können bis zu 200 Personen platziert werden. Hier finden temporäre Veranstaltungen statt, wie die, die wir besucht haben. Sie heißt "Stadtbad Reloaded" und führt die Gäste auf einen spannenden Rundgang durch das Haus, welches mit beeindruckenden Lichtinstallationen und über 157 digitalen Kunstwerken in allen Ecken wieder zum Leben erwacht.
Quelle: Überwiegend Wikipedia
When Lichtenberg was elevated to the status of a town in 1907 and had its first town hall, the town council also planned the corresponding municipal facilities such as a district court, a hospital, a maternity home, schools and a public swimming pool. The municipality acquired a 3,800 square metre plot of land on Frankfurter Allee and set up a commission for the construction of a public baths, consisting of seven city councillors and seven citizen deputies. Architects even provided construction plans for such a public bathing facility during the First World War. The ground-breaking ceremony took place in 1919 and the foundations were laid. Because Lichtenberg was incorporated into Greater Berlin as a borough in 1920 and lost its city status (and no doubt also due to a shortage of funds immediately after the war), construction work was halted. It was not until 1925, after the inflation had been overcome, that building work resumed after the engineer-architects Rudolf Gleye and Otto Weis had updated the existing plans. The result was a multi-storey cubic building in the Expressionist style with - according to the ideas of the time - very modern fixtures and fittings. The Hubertusbad was inaugurated by the Lord Mayor of Berlin, Gustav Böß, on 2 February 1928. During the Second World War, a high-explosive bomb damaged the building on the north-west side, but it remained functional. Most of the windows were also broken by the blast waves. The baths were provisionally repaired. When new, light-flooded swimming pools were built in the eastern boroughs at the end of the 1960s in connection with the construction of entire new neighbourhoods, the Hubertus Baths lost its importance beyond the borough. In addition, construction defects, which had been present since completion, became increasingly serious, and in 1988 the large hall had to be closed. The reason was a defect in the water treatment and heating system that could no longer be repaired.
After the fall of the Berlin Wall and the gradual merging of the entire city, the regulations for such facilities in vigour in West Germany applied and there was no longer any money available for repairs. When the main water supply broke in 1991, the small hall and all other bathing facilities had to be closed. The small hall was then misused as a warehouse. In 2016, the Berlin Senate took a decision that brought the revitalisation of the baths a big step closer: the complex remains property of the state of Berlin. Since then, the Berlin Real Estate Management Administration (BIM) has been working on behalf of the city to find ways to reutilise the site. Due to the high investment costs and the inefficiency of the operation of the pools, it is no longer planned to resume bathing activities. The Lichtenberg Municipal Baths are therefore to become both a venue for events and a meeting centre in the neighbourhood. In order to achieve this goal in the long term, a two-stage plan was adopted and further developed with the participation of the public in a concretisation and planning workshop:
In the first construction phase, which was completed at the beginning of 2022, several tonnes of rubble were removed from the building and electrical connections and sanitary facilities were restored in the left-hand (eastern) part of the building. A wooden floor was laid over the pool of the former women's swimming pool, which has been used for exhibitions and other events since 2022. Up to 200 people can be seated on this parquet floor. Temporary events take place here, like the one we visited. It is called ‘Municipal Baths Reloaded’ and takes guests on an exciting tour of the building, which comes back to life with impressive light installations and over 157 digital artworks in every corner.
Source: Mainly Wikipedia
Flint-knapped arrowhead.
Knapper: Mike Dull
Flint is the "official" state gemstone of Ohio (actually, there's no such thing as "official" anything). "Flint" is sometimes used as a lithologic term by modern geologists, but it is a synonym for chert. Flint and chert are the same - they are cryptocrystalline, quartzose sedimentary rocks. Rockhounds often assert that flint is high-quality while chert is low-quality. Some geologists assert that "flint" implies a biogenic origin and "chert" implies a chemical origin.
Many cherts do have a chemical origin - chert nodules are moderately common in some limestone units. The nodules form during diagenesis - pre-existing silica components in the carbonate sediments are dissolved, mobilized, and reprecipitated as chert masses. Some cherts do have a biogenic origin - for example, radiolarian cherts (rich in radiolarian microfossils) or spicular cherts (rich in siliceous sponge spicules).
The most famous flint deposit in Ohio is Flint Ridge, in Licking County. At this locality, the Middle Pennsylvanian-aged Vanport Flint is exposed in several places. The geologic literature on the Vanport Flint is relatively sparse, with inaccurate, incomplete descriptions and characterizations. For example, the literature describes the Vanport as a sheet of flint at Flint Ridge - it's actually a meganodule horizon. Other descriptions refer to the chert as the remains of siliceous sponges. In reality, siliceous sponge spicules are quite scarce in Vanport samples.
The arrowhead seen here is a modern replica. I suspect that the material is Vanport Flint from Nethers Flint Quarries, at the eastern end of Flint Ridge.
Flint from the Pennsylvanian of Ohio, USA. (~10.4 centimeters across at its widest)
Flint is the "official" state gemstone of Ohio (actually, there's no such thing as "official" anything). "Flint" is sometimes used as a lithologic term by modern geologists, but it is a synonym for chert. Flint and chert are the same - they are cryptocrystalline, quartzose sedimentary rocks. Rockhounds often assert that flint is high-quality while chert is low-quality. Some geologists assert that "flint" implies a biogenic origin and "chert" implies a chemical origin.
Many cherts do have a chemical origin - chert nodules are moderately common in some limestone units. The nodules form during diagenesis - pre-existing silica components in the carbonate sediments are dissolved, mobilized, and reprecipitated as chert masses. Some cherts do have a biogenic origin - for example, radiolarian cherts (rich in radiolarian microfossils) or spicular cherts (rich in siliceous sponge spicules).
The most famous flint deposit in Ohio is Flint Ridge, in Licking County. At this locality, the Middle Pennsylvanian-aged Vanport Flint is exposed in several places. The geologic literature on the Vanport Flint is relatively sparse, with inaccurate, incomplete descriptions and characterizations. For example, the literature describes the Vanport as a sheet of flint at Flint Ridge - it's actually a meganodule horizon. Other descriptions refer to the chert as the remains of siliceous sponges. In reality, siliceous sponge spicules are quite scarce in Vanport samples.
Two graduate student projects during the 2000s, conducted at two different universities, had very different conclusions & interpretations about the origin of the Vanport Flint. A 2003 study concluded that chert at Flint Ridge is biogenic in origin. A 2006 study concluded that the chert is chemical in origin. Some Pennsylvanian-aged cherts in eastern America are inferred to be ultimately derived from quartzose eolian dust on seafloors.
Modern flint knappers value the Vanport Flint for being multicolored and high-quality (= very few impurities). With artificial heating, the flint is more easily knapped into arrowheads, spear points, and other objects. Prehistoric American Indians quarried the Vanport Flint at many specific sites on Flint Ridge. Old Indian flint pits can be examined along hiking trails in Flint Ridge State Park. Many authentic Indian artifacts found in Ohio (arrowheads & spearpoints - "projectile points") are composed of Vanport Flint.
This specimen has a nice quartz crystal-lined vug.
Stratigraphy: Vanport Flint, Allegheny Group, upper Middle Pennsylvanian
Locality: Nethers Flint Quarries - flint pit in the woods on the southwestern side of Flint Ridge Road, eastern Flint Ridge, far-western Muskingum County, east-central Ohio, USA (vicinity of 40° 00.137’ North latitude, 82° 11.544’ West longitude)
Wir wollten die Greinaebene in Ost-West-Richtung an einem Tag durchqueren. Das gelang auch, wurde aber dank dem immer noch vielen Schnee knapper als gedacht.
Hier der Blick zurück in die Greinaebene und auf den schneebedeckten Wanderweg.
Neben uns machten nur zwei weitere Wanderer die gleiche Tour an diesem Tag, ebenfalls in die gleiche Richtung. Trotz viel Schnee eine tolle Wanderung, so einsam sowieso.
Als Schmankerl liess uns die SBB auf dem Heimweg zweimal stranden, so dass wir 1½ Stunden später zuhause waren als gedacht.
Ankunft Bus Alpin in Vrin-Puzzatsch (erste Verbindung aus unserer Richtung): 9:49
Abfahrt Bus in Aqualesco Ghirone: 18:34
(Der Bus Alpin fuhr auf Tessiner Seite erst am Wochenende erstmals in dieser Saison ab Pian Geirett)
Zeitfenster: 8h 45'
Angegebene Wanderzeit: 7h 23'
Tatsächliche Wanderzeit inkl. Pausen dank Schnee: 8h 38'
Tatsächliche Wanderzeit ohne Pausen: 7h 58'
Pausen: 40'
Brunnen geniessen an der Bushaltestelle Aqualesco Ghirone: 7'
Zeitgewinn im ersten Abschnitt bis Pass Diesrut: 15'
(Vrin-Puzzatsch - Pass Diesrut)
Zeitverlust durch die Greinaebene mit Schnee: 1h 20'
(Pass Diesrut - Passo della Greina)
Zeitgewinn auf dem letzten Abschnitt bergab: 30'
(Passo della Greina - Scalettahütte - Aqualesco Ghirone)
*****
We wanted to cross the Greina plain from east to west in one day. This was also successful, but thanks to the still abundant snow it became scarcer than we thought.
Here the view back to the Greina plain and the snow-covered hiking trail.
Beside us only two other hikers did the same tour that day, also in the same direction. Despite a lot of snow it was a great hike, so lonely anyway.
As a delicacy, the SBB (Swiss Railways) stranded us twice on the way home, so that we were at 1½ hours later at home than we thought.
Arrival Bus Alpin in Vrin-Puzzatsch (first connection from our direction): 9:49am
Departure bus in Aqualesco Ghirone: 18:34
(The Bus Alpin did not depart from Pian Geirett on the Ticino side until the weekend for the first time this season.)
Time window: 8h 45'
Indicated walking time: 7h 23'
Actual hiking time incl. breaks thanks to snow: 8h 38'
Actual walking time without breaks: 7h 58'
Breaks: 40'
Enjoying the fountain at the Aqualesco Ghirone bus stop: 7'
Time gain in the first section to pass Diesrut: 15'
(Vrin-Puzzatsch - Pass Diesrut)
Loss of time through the Greina plain with snow: 1h 20'.
(Pass Diesrut - Passo della Greina)
Time gain on the last section downhill: 30'
(Passo della Greina - Scaletta hut - Aqualesco Ghirone)
Flint-knapped arrowhead.
Knapper: Roy Miller
Flint is the "official" state gemstone of Ohio (actually, there's no such thing as "official" anything). "Flint" is sometimes used as a lithologic term by modern geologists, but it is a synonym for chert. Flint and chert are the same - they are cryptocrystalline, quartzose sedimentary rocks. Rockhounds often assert that flint is high-quality while chert is low-quality. Some geologists assert that "flint" implies a biogenic origin and "chert" implies a chemical origin.
Many cherts do have a chemical origin - chert nodules are moderately common in some limestone units. The nodules form during diagenesis - pre-existing silica components in the carbonate sediments are dissolved, mobilized, and reprecipitated as chert masses. Some cherts do have a biogenic origin - for example, radiolarian cherts (rich in radiolarian microfossils) or spicular cherts (rich in siliceous sponge spicules).
The most famous flint deposit in Ohio is Flint Ridge, in Licking County. At this locality, the Middle Pennsylvanian-aged Vanport Flint is exposed in several places. The geologic literature on the Vanport Flint is relatively sparse, with inaccurate, incomplete descriptions and characterizations. For example, the literature describes the Vanport as a sheet of flint at Flint Ridge - it's actually a meganodule horizon. Other descriptions refer to the chert as the remains of siliceous sponges. In reality, siliceous sponge spicules are quite scarce in Vanport samples.
Two graduate student projects during the 2000s, conducted at two different universities, had very different conclusions & interpretations about the origin of the Vanport Flint. A 2003 study concluded that chert at Flint Ridge is biogenic in origin. A 2006 study concluded that the chert is chemical in origin.
Modern flint knappers value the Vanport Flint for being multicolored and high-quality (= very few impurities). With artificial heating, the flint is more easily knapped into arrowheads, spear points, and other objects. Prehistoric American Indians quarried the Vanport Flint at many specific sites on Flint Ridge. Old Indian flint pits can be examined along hiking trails in Flint Ridge State Park ("State Memorial"). Many authentic Indian artifacts found in Ohio (arrowheads & spearpoints - "projectile points") are composed of Vanport Flint.
The arrowhead seen here is a modern replica, produced by a skilled knapper named Roy Miller, who has his own flint pits on Flint Ridge. Material from this site is famous for having greenish and/or bluish coloration, which become intensified with heating.
Stratigraphy: Vanport Flint, Allegheny Group, upper Middle Pennsylvanian
Locality: Roy Miller flint pit, northwestern corner of the Brownsville Road-Flint Ridge Road intersection, next to Flint Ridge State Park, Flint Ridge, southeastern Licking County, east-central Ohio, USA
Nieuwe soort appels genaamd Junami
Junami is de knapperige, sappige appel met de frisse smaak. Junami is de appel voor actieve mensen die volop in beweging zijn en die net als Junami lekker in hun vel willen zitten. Door Junami krijg je nieuwe energie.
De naam junami is afgeleid van de woorden young ami - 'jonge vriend'. In Nederland wordt de junami vooral in Limburg en Zeeland geteeld, en van daaruit geëxporteerd naar Ierland, Engeland en de Scandinavische landen. En u vindt 'm bij Albert Heijn. Door zijn frisse smaak is de junami bij uitstek een heerlijk tussendoortje en een prima dorstlesser. Vooral kinderen en jonge mensen zijn er dol op, zo blijkt telkens weer uit smaakonderzoeken.
I was asked a few weeks back, if I fancied meeting up with friends, Simon and Cam for a few bears and a crawl round Ipswich.
Seemed a great idea, but checking Network Rain this week, I found that there were replacement buses out of Liverpool Street to Whitham and out of Cambridge. The first added an hour to the trip to Ipswich, the second, 90 minutes.
Jools said she would enjoy a trip out and a walk around Manningtree, so we could go in the car, I would drive up, she would drive back, and we would both have some exercise and I would meet friends.
Perfect.
Although we had planned to go to Tesco first, in the end we had breakfast and set off at half seven, eager to get some miles under our belts before traffic really built at Dartford.
Up the A2 in bright sunshine, it was a great day for travel, but also I thought it might have been good for checking out orchid woods back home. But a change is always good, and it has been nearly 9 years since Simon invited me for a tour round historic Ipswich, showing there was almost as much history there than in Norwich to the north.
Into Essex before nine, and arriving in Ipswich before ten, we decided to find somewhere for breakfast first before going our separate ways.
A large breakfast later, we split up, and I went to wander north to St Margaret's church, which I had been into on that trip 9 years back, but my shots not so good.
I found many interesting places in-between the modern buildings and urban sprawl, timber framed houses, Tudor brick and much more beside.
Sadly, St Margaret was locked. I could see the notice on the porch door, so I didn't go up to see what it said.
I wandered back, found St Mary le Tower open, so went in and took over a hundred shots, soaking in the fine Victorian glass and carved bench ends, even if they were 19th century and not older.
In the south chapel, a group were talking quietly, so I tried not to disturb them, only realising how loud the shutter on the camera was.
The font took my eye first, as it is a well preserved one from the 15th century. Though these are common in East Anglia, not so in deepest Kent, so I snapped it from all directions, recording each mark of the carver's tools.
The clocked ticked round to midday, and so I made my way to the quayside where I was to meet my friends.
Simon lives in Ipswich, but Cam and David had come down on the train from the Fine City. We met at the Briarbank Brewery Tap where I had a couple of mocha porters, which were very nice indeed.
From there we went to the Dove where we had two more beers as well as lunch.
And finally a walk to The Spread Eagle for one final beer before I walked back to Portman Road to meet Jools at the car.
Jools drove us back to the A12, and pointed the car south. As we drove, dusk fell and rain began to fall. Not very pleasant. But at least traffic was light, so in an hour we were on the M25 and twenty minutes later over the river and back in Kent.
Rain fell steadily as we cruised down the M20, past the familiar landmarks until we were back in Dover. Where we had to make a pit stop at M and S, as we needed supplies, and something for supper.
Not sure that garlic bread and wine counts as a meal, but did for us, so at half nine, we climbed the hill to bed.
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Ipswich is the county town of Suffolk, and is also probably the longest continuously occupied town in England. Here on the River Gipping, in the south of the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of East Anglia, a number of 7th Century industrial villages grew together, and since then Ipswich has always been an industrial and commercial town, processing the produce of the land round about, and exporting it up the River Orwell to other parts of England and the continent. It was wealthy in the late medieval period, but it suffered from being cut off from its European markets by the outfall from the Reformation. A strongly puritan town in the 17th Century, a quiet backwater in the 18th Century, it was not until the Industrial Revolution that it rose to commercial prominence again, with heavy industry producing agricultural machinery, vehicles and other ironwork. It would continue to be important industrially until the 1980s, but then most of the factories closed, and the town has not yet recovered.
The townscape is punctuated by church towers and spires, for Ipswich has twelve surviving medieval churches. Remarkably, six of them are still in use, and of these St Mary le Tower is the biggest and most prominent. Its spire rises sixty metres above the rooftops, making it the second tallest building in the town after the Mill apartment block on the Waterfront. There was a church here in 1200, when the Borough of Ipswich came into being in the churchyard by the declaration of the granting of a charter. The medieval church had a spire until it came down in the hurricane of 1661. When the Diocese of Norwich oversaw the restoration of the church in the mid-19th Century the decision was taken for a complete rebuild in stone on the same site. It is almost entirely the work of diocesan surveyor Richard Phipson, who worked on it over a period of twenty years in the 1850s and 1860s, including replacing the spire, and so this is East Anglia's urban Victorian church par excellence. The rebuilding was bankrolled by the wealthy local Bacon banking family. It is a large church, built more or less on the plan of its predecessor, full of the spirit of its age. One could no more imagine Ipswich without the Tower than without the Orwell Bridge.
The length of the church splits the churchyard into two quite separate parts, the south side a public space, the walled north side atmospheric and secretive. The large cross to the south-west of the tower is not a war memorial. It remembers John Patteson, Bishop of Melanesia, murdered by some of his flock in the 1870s. Treated as a martyr by the press of the day, Patteson appears to have had no local connection, but the Pattesons had intermarried with the Cobbolds, an important local family, and Patteson Road by Ipswich docks also remembers him. There never was a north door, and the west doors are beautiful and liturgically correct but perhaps not useful, since they are below street level and the path merely leads round to the south, allowing processions but no access from Tower Street. The flushwork is exuberant, and makes you think that being a flint-knapper must have been a good living in the 1860s. As with the medieval predecessor, the entrance is through the tower which forms a porch on the south side, in common with about thirty other East Anglian churches. Until the 1860s there was a further castellated porch on the south side of the tower, something in the style of the Hadleigh Deanery tower, but this was removed. You can see it in as photograph at the top of this page. And looking at this photograph, it is hard not to think that Phipson retained at least part of the lower stage of the tower.
There is a small statue of the church's patron saint in the niche above the entrance, by the sculptor Richard Pfeiffer. Away to the east, the same sculptor produced St John the Evangelist and St Mary of Magdala on the end of the chancel, and there is more of his work inside. You step into the tower porch under vaulting. A small door in the north-east corner leads up into the ringing chamber and beyond that the belfry, with a ring of twelve bells. The south doorway into the church has stops representing the Annunciation, with the angel to the west, and Mary at her prayer desk to the east. As part of a Millennium project this doorway was painted and gilded. It leads through into the south aisle, beyond which the wide nave seems to swallow all sound, a powerful transition from the outside. Polished wood and tile gleam under coloured light from large windows filled with 19th Century glass. At one time the walls were stencilled, but this was removed in the 1960s. The former church was dark and serious inside, as a drawing in the north aisle shows, so it must have made quite a contrast when the townspeople first entered their new church.
The font by the doorway is the first of a number of significant survivals from the old church. It's one of the 15th Century East Anglian series of which several hundred survive, all slightly different. It is in good condition, and you can't help thinking that this is ironically because Ipswich was a town which embraced protestantism whole-heartedly after the Reformation, and it is likely that the font was plastered over in the mid-16th Century to make it plain and simple. The lions around the pillar stand on human heads, and there are more heads beneath the bowl. The next survival that comes into view is the pair of 15th Century benches at the west end of the nave. The bench ends are clerics holding books, and above them memorable finials depicting two lions, a dragon and what might be a cat or a dog.
The box pews were removed as part of Phipson's restoration and replaced with high quality benches. The front row are the Borough Corporation seats, a mace rest and a sword rest in front of them. The carvings on the ends of the benches are seahorses, the creatures that hold the shield on the Ipswich Borough arms, and on the finials in front are lions holding ships, the crest of the Borough. As you might expect in Ipswich these are by Henry Ringham, whose church carving was always of a high quality, and is perhaps best known at Woolpit and Combs. His workshop on St John's Road employed fifty people at the time of the 1861 census, but by the following year he was bankrupt, and so the work here is likely some of the last that he produced. He died in 1866, and Ringham Road in East Ipswich remembers him.
Moving into the chancel, the other major survival is a collection of late 15th and early 16th Century brasses. Altogether there are ten large figures, but in fact some of them represent the same person more than once. The most memorable is probably that of Alys Baldry, who died in 1507. She lies between her two husbands. The first, Robert Wimbill, is on the right. He died in about 1477. He was a notary, and his ink pot and pen case hang from his belt. Her second husband, Thomas Baldry, is on the left. He died in 1525. He was a merchant, and his merchant mark is set beneath his feet next to Alys's five daughters and four sons.
Alys Baldry, Robert Wimbill and Thomas Baldry are all depicted in further brasses here. The best of these is that to Robert. It was commissioned by his will in the 1470s. He lies on his own with a Latin inscription which translates as 'My hope lies in my heart. Holy Trinity, one God, have mercy on me.' His ink pot and pen case hang from his belt again, and between his feet are a skull and scattered bones, an early memento mori. Thomas Baldry's own brass memorial shows him lying between his two wives, Alys who we have already met, and his second wife Christian. The other group of three figures depicts Thomas Drayll, a merchant, with his wives Margaret and Agnes. Thomas died in 1512. The arms of the Cinque Ports are set above him, and a large merchant mark is beneath his feet. Several inscriptions are missing, and we know that when the iconoclast William Dowsing visited the church on 29th Janary 1644 he ordered the removal of six brass inscriptions with Ora pro nobis ('pray for us') and Ora pro animabus ('pray for our souls'), and Cujus animae propitietur deus ('on whose soul may God have mercy') and pray for the soul in English.
The spectacular sanctuary with its imposing reredos, piscina and sedilia was clearly designed for shadowy, incense-led worship. A lush Arts and Crafts crucifixion surmounts the altar. East Anglian saints flank the walls. James Bettley, revising the Buildings of England volume for East Suffolk, records that it was the work of Somers, Clarke & Micklethwaite in the 1880s. The chancel is only lit from the east window, emphasising the focus from the rest of the church. The set of twelve apostles and twelve angels on the choir stalls are also by Pfeiffer. You can see his signature on the back of St Luke's icon of the Blessed Virgin. This sanctuary is the ultimate expression of late 19th Century Tractarianism in Suffolk. Back in the nave, the early 18th Century pulpit speaks of a different liturgical age, when this church was a preaching house rather than a sacramental space. James Bettley credits its carving to James Hubbard, and notes its similarity to that in the Unitarian Meeting House a few hundred yards off. The 19th Century screen that stood in the chancel arch and separated these two liturgical ages was moved to the east end of the north aisle as an organ screen some time in the 20th Century.
Another screen separates off the Lady Chapel from the south aisle and the chancel. The chapel is a pleasing period piece, furnished sentimentally. The reredos, by Arthur Wallace in 1907, depicts the Supper at Emmaus flanked by Moses and Elijah in an echo of the Transfiguration. The early 20th Century paintings on the south wall are lovely, especially the infant Christ as he plays at the feet of St Joseph. But the overwhelming atmosphere of this church comes from its extensive range of 19th Century glass, the largest collection in Suffolk. It provides a catalogue of some of the major 19th Century workshops over a fairly short period, from the 1850s to the 1880s. Much of it is by Clayton & Bell, who probably received the commission for east and west windows and south aisle as part of Phipson's rebuilding contract. Other major workshops include those of William Wailes, the O'Connors and Lavers, Barraud & Westlake. A small amount of 1840s glass in the north aisle was reset here from the previous church. There are photographs of the glass at the bottom of this page.
As was common in major 19th Century restorations, the memorials that once flanked the walls were collected together and reset at the west end of the nave. At St Mary le Tower this was a major task, for there are a lot of them. The most famous is that to William Smart, MP for Ipswich in the late 16th Century. It is painted on boards. His inscription is a long acrostic, and he kneels at the bottom opposite his wife. between them is a panoramic view of the Ipswich townscape as it was in 1599, the year that he died, a remarkable snapshot of the past. Other memorials include those of the 17th Century when Ipswich was the heartland of firebrand protestant East Anglia. Matthew Lawrence, who died in 1653, was the publike preacher of this towne. There are more memorials in the north chancel aisle, now divided up as vestries. The best of these is to John and Elizabeth Robinson. He died in 1666. They kneel at their prayer desks, and below them are their children Thomas, John, Mary and Elizabeth, who all predeceased their mother. Also here are memorials to a number of the Cobbold family, who were not only important locally but even provided ministers for this church.
There are more Cobbold memorials in the nave, including one in glass at the west end of the north aisle. It is dedicated to Lucy Chevallier Cobbold, and depicts her with her daughter at the Presentation in the Temple. The Cobbold family embraced Tractarianism wholeheartedly, being largely responsible for the building of St Bartholomew near their home at Holywells Park. They probably had an influence over the Bacon family, whose wealth went towards the rebuilding, and whose symbol of a boar can be seen in the floor tiles. A good set of Stuart royal arms hangs above the west doorway.
I can't imagine what the 17th Century parishioners would make of this church if they could come back and see it now. Trevor Cooper, in his edition of The Journals of William Dowsing, recalls that the atmosphere in the town was so strongly puritan that in the 1630s the churchwardens were excommunicated for refusing to carry out the sacramentalist reforms of Archbishop Laud. The reforms demanded that the altar be returned to the chancel and railed in, but this was considered idolatrous by the parishioners. When the visitation commissioners of the Bishop of Norwich came to the church in April 1636 to see if the commands had been carried out, the churchwardens refused to give up the keys... verbally assaulting them and and confronting them with 'musketts charged, swords, staves and other weapons'.
Frank Grace, in his 'Schismaticall and Factious Humours': Opposition in Ipswich to Laudian Church Government, records a number of other incidents both here and in other Ipswich churches in the late 1630s, including an attack on 'a conformable minister' (that is to say one faithful to the Bishop) by a mob as well as a stranger who was invited by the town bailiffs to preach a very factious and seditious sermon in Tower church to a large congregation against the authority of the incumbent, who no doubt was held at bay while the ranting went on. As with all the Ipswich churches, the iconoclast William Dowsing was welcomed with open arms by the churchwardens here on his visit of January 1644. Looking around at Phipson's sacramental glory, it is hard to imagine now.
Simon Knott, December 2022
Brecciated flint from the Pennsylvanian of Ohio, USA. (field of view ~6.9 centimeters across)
Flint is the "official" state gemstone of Ohio (actually, there's no such thing as "official" anything). "Flint" is sometimes used as a lithologic term by modern geologists, but it is a synonym for chert. Flint and chert are the same - they are cryptocrystalline, quartzose sedimentary rocks. Rockhounds often assert that flint is high-quality while chert is low-quality. Some geologists assert that "flint" implies a biogenic origin and "chert" implies a chemical origin.
Many cherts do have a chemical origin - chert nodules are moderately common in some limestone units. The nodules form during diagenesis - pre-existing silica components in the carbonate sediments are dissolved, mobilized, and reprecipitated as chert masses. Some cherts do have a biogenic origin - for example, radiolarian cherts (rich in radiolarian microfossils) or spicular cherts (rich in siliceous sponge spicules).
The most famous flint deposit in Ohio is Flint Ridge, in Licking County. At this locality, the Middle Pennsylvanian-aged Vanport Flint is exposed in several places. The geologic literature on the Vanport Flint is relatively sparse, with inaccurate, incomplete descriptions and characterizations. For example, the literature describes the Vanport as a sheet of flint at Flint Ridge - it's actually a meganodule horizon. Other descriptions refer to the chert as the remains of siliceous sponges. In reality, siliceous sponge spicules are quite scarce in Vanport samples.
Two graduate student projects during the 2000s, conducted at two different universities, had very different conclusions & interpretations about the origin of the Vanport Flint. A 2003 study concluded that chert at Flint Ridge is biogenic in origin. A 2006 study concluded that the chert is chemical in origin.
Modern flint knappers value the Vanport Flint for being multicolored and high-quality (= very few impurities). With artificial heating, the flint is more easily knapped into arrowheads, spear points, and other objects. Prehistoric American Indians quarried the Vanport Flint at many specific sites on Flint Ridge. Old Indian flint pits can be examined along hiking trails in Flint Ridge State Park ("State Memorial"). Many authentic Indian artifacts found in Ohio (arrowheads & spearpoints - "projectile points") are composed of Vanport Flint.
Stratigraphy: Vanport Flint, Allegheny Group, upper Middle Pennsylvanian
Locality: Nethers Flint Quarries - flint pit in the woods on the southwestern side of Flint Ridge Road, eastern Flint Ridge, far-western Muskingum County, east-central Ohio, USA) (vicinity of 40° 00.137’ North latitude, 82° 11.544’ West longitude)
MET KOOL KAN JE ECHT WEL LEKKERE DINGEN MAKEN, HIER EEN AANRADER:
Ovenschotel met groene kool en spek
400 g gezouten spek
½ groene kool
1 kg aardappelen
3 eieren
400 g gemalen kaas
300 g boter
peper
4 el paneermeel
zout
muskaatnoot
Kook de aardappelen gaar, giet ze af en plet ze tot stoemp.
Snij het spek in reepjes en bak het in een grote pot aan in wat van de boter.
Snij de groene kool fijn en voeg die bij de spekjes. Laat de groene kool stoven tot die gaar is. Is de groene kool gaar, voeg dan de geplette aardappelen toe. Meng alles goed. Meng er de eieren en 300 gram gemalen kaas onder.
Kruid alles goed af met peper, zout en nootmuskaat en stort het geheel in een ovenschaal.
Bestrooi de bovenkant met de rest van de gemalen kaas en het paneermeel. Zet de ovenschaal nu 5 tot 10 minuten onder de grill zodat er een mooi, knapperig korstje op de bovenkant is.
I was asked a few weeks back, if I fancied meeting up with friends, Simon and Cam for a few bears and a crawl round Ipswich.
Seemed a great idea, but checking Network Rain this week, I found that there were replacement buses out of Liverpool Street to Whitham and out of Cambridge. The first added an hour to the trip to Ipswich, the second, 90 minutes.
Jools said she would enjoy a trip out and a walk around Manningtree, so we could go in the car, I would drive up, she would drive back, and we would both have some exercise and I would meet friends.
Perfect.
Although we had planned to go to Tesco first, in the end we had breakfast and set off at half seven, eager to get some miles under our belts before traffic really built at Dartford.
Up the A2 in bright sunshine, it was a great day for travel, but also I thought it might have been good for checking out orchid woods back home. But a change is always good, and it has been nearly 9 years since Simon invited me for a tour round historic Ipswich, showing there was almost as much history there than in Norwich to the north.
Into Essex before nine, and arriving in Ipswich before ten, we decided to find somewhere for breakfast first before going our separate ways.
A large breakfast later, we split up, and I went to wander north to St Margaret's church, which I had been into on that trip 9 years back, but my shots not so good.
I found many interesting places in-between the modern buildings and urban sprawl, timber framed houses, Tudor brick and much more beside.
Sadly, St Margaret was locked. I could see the notice on the porch door, so I didn't go up to see what it said.
I wandered back, found St Mary le Tower open, so went in and took over a hundred shots, soaking in the fine Victorian glass and carved bench ends, even if they were 19th century and not older.
In the south chapel, a group were talking quietly, so I tried not to disturb them, only realising how loud the shutter on the camera was.
The font took my eye first, as it is a well preserved one from the 15th century. Though these are common in East Anglia, not so in deepest Kent, so I snapped it from all directions, recording each mark of the carver's tools.
The clocked ticked round to midday, and so I made my way to the quayside where I was to meet my friends.
Simon lives in Ipswich, but Cam and David had come down on the train from the Fine City. We met at the Briarbank Brewery Tap where I had a couple of mocha porters, which were very nice indeed.
From there we went to the Dove where we had two more beers as well as lunch.
And finally a walk to The Spread Eagle for one final beer before I walked back to Portman Road to meet Jools at the car.
Jools drove us back to the A12, and pointed the car south. As we drove, dusk fell and rain began to fall. Not very pleasant. But at least traffic was light, so in an hour we were on the M25 and twenty minutes later over the river and back in Kent.
Rain fell steadily as we cruised down the M20, past the familiar landmarks until we were back in Dover. Where we had to make a pit stop at M and S, as we needed supplies, and something for supper.
Not sure that garlic bread and wine counts as a meal, but did for us, so at half nine, we climbed the hill to bed.
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Ipswich is the county town of Suffolk, and is also probably the longest continuously occupied town in England. Here on the River Gipping, in the south of the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of East Anglia, a number of 7th Century industrial villages grew together, and since then Ipswich has always been an industrial and commercial town, processing the produce of the land round about, and exporting it up the River Orwell to other parts of England and the continent. It was wealthy in the late medieval period, but it suffered from being cut off from its European markets by the outfall from the Reformation. A strongly puritan town in the 17th Century, a quiet backwater in the 18th Century, it was not until the Industrial Revolution that it rose to commercial prominence again, with heavy industry producing agricultural machinery, vehicles and other ironwork. It would continue to be important industrially until the 1980s, but then most of the factories closed, and the town has not yet recovered.
The townscape is punctuated by church towers and spires, for Ipswich has twelve surviving medieval churches. Remarkably, six of them are still in use, and of these St Mary le Tower is the biggest and most prominent. Its spire rises sixty metres above the rooftops, making it the second tallest building in the town after the Mill apartment block on the Waterfront. There was a church here in 1200, when the Borough of Ipswich came into being in the churchyard by the declaration of the granting of a charter. The medieval church had a spire until it came down in the hurricane of 1661. When the Diocese of Norwich oversaw the restoration of the church in the mid-19th Century the decision was taken for a complete rebuild in stone on the same site. It is almost entirely the work of diocesan surveyor Richard Phipson, who worked on it over a period of twenty years in the 1850s and 1860s, including replacing the spire, and so this is East Anglia's urban Victorian church par excellence. The rebuilding was bankrolled by the wealthy local Bacon banking family. It is a large church, built more or less on the plan of its predecessor, full of the spirit of its age. One could no more imagine Ipswich without the Tower than without the Orwell Bridge.
The length of the church splits the churchyard into two quite separate parts, the south side a public space, the walled north side atmospheric and secretive. The large cross to the south-west of the tower is not a war memorial. It remembers John Patteson, Bishop of Melanesia, murdered by some of his flock in the 1870s. Treated as a martyr by the press of the day, Patteson appears to have had no local connection, but the Pattesons had intermarried with the Cobbolds, an important local family, and Patteson Road by Ipswich docks also remembers him. There never was a north door, and the west doors are beautiful and liturgically correct but perhaps not useful, since they are below street level and the path merely leads round to the south, allowing processions but no access from Tower Street. The flushwork is exuberant, and makes you think that being a flint-knapper must have been a good living in the 1860s. As with the medieval predecessor, the entrance is through the tower which forms a porch on the south side, in common with about thirty other East Anglian churches. Until the 1860s there was a further castellated porch on the south side of the tower, something in the style of the Hadleigh Deanery tower, but this was removed. You can see it in as photograph at the top of this page. And looking at this photograph, it is hard not to think that Phipson retained at least part of the lower stage of the tower.
There is a small statue of the church's patron saint in the niche above the entrance, by the sculptor Richard Pfeiffer. Away to the east, the same sculptor produced St John the Evangelist and St Mary of Magdala on the end of the chancel, and there is more of his work inside. You step into the tower porch under vaulting. A small door in the north-east corner leads up into the ringing chamber and beyond that the belfry, with a ring of twelve bells. The south doorway into the church has stops representing the Annunciation, with the angel to the west, and Mary at her prayer desk to the east. As part of a Millennium project this doorway was painted and gilded. It leads through into the south aisle, beyond which the wide nave seems to swallow all sound, a powerful transition from the outside. Polished wood and tile gleam under coloured light from large windows filled with 19th Century glass. At one time the walls were stencilled, but this was removed in the 1960s. The former church was dark and serious inside, as a drawing in the north aisle shows, so it must have made quite a contrast when the townspeople first entered their new church.
The font by the doorway is the first of a number of significant survivals from the old church. It's one of the 15th Century East Anglian series of which several hundred survive, all slightly different. It is in good condition, and you can't help thinking that this is ironically because Ipswich was a town which embraced protestantism whole-heartedly after the Reformation, and it is likely that the font was plastered over in the mid-16th Century to make it plain and simple. The lions around the pillar stand on human heads, and there are more heads beneath the bowl. The next survival that comes into view is the pair of 15th Century benches at the west end of the nave. The bench ends are clerics holding books, and above them memorable finials depicting two lions, a dragon and what might be a cat or a dog.
The box pews were removed as part of Phipson's restoration and replaced with high quality benches. The front row are the Borough Corporation seats, a mace rest and a sword rest in front of them. The carvings on the ends of the benches are seahorses, the creatures that hold the shield on the Ipswich Borough arms, and on the finials in front are lions holding ships, the crest of the Borough. As you might expect in Ipswich these are by Henry Ringham, whose church carving was always of a high quality, and is perhaps best known at Woolpit and Combs. His workshop on St John's Road employed fifty people at the time of the 1861 census, but by the following year he was bankrupt, and so the work here is likely some of the last that he produced. He died in 1866, and Ringham Road in East Ipswich remembers him.
Moving into the chancel, the other major survival is a collection of late 15th and early 16th Century brasses. Altogether there are ten large figures, but in fact some of them represent the same person more than once. The most memorable is probably that of Alys Baldry, who died in 1507. She lies between her two husbands. The first, Robert Wimbill, is on the right. He died in about 1477. He was a notary, and his ink pot and pen case hang from his belt. Her second husband, Thomas Baldry, is on the left. He died in 1525. He was a merchant, and his merchant mark is set beneath his feet next to Alys's five daughters and four sons.
Alys Baldry, Robert Wimbill and Thomas Baldry are all depicted in further brasses here. The best of these is that to Robert. It was commissioned by his will in the 1470s. He lies on his own with a Latin inscription which translates as 'My hope lies in my heart. Holy Trinity, one God, have mercy on me.' His ink pot and pen case hang from his belt again, and between his feet are a skull and scattered bones, an early memento mori. Thomas Baldry's own brass memorial shows him lying between his two wives, Alys who we have already met, and his second wife Christian. The other group of three figures depicts Thomas Drayll, a merchant, with his wives Margaret and Agnes. Thomas died in 1512. The arms of the Cinque Ports are set above him, and a large merchant mark is beneath his feet. Several inscriptions are missing, and we know that when the iconoclast William Dowsing visited the church on 29th Janary 1644 he ordered the removal of six brass inscriptions with Ora pro nobis ('pray for us') and Ora pro animabus ('pray for our souls'), and Cujus animae propitietur deus ('on whose soul may God have mercy') and pray for the soul in English.
The spectacular sanctuary with its imposing reredos, piscina and sedilia was clearly designed for shadowy, incense-led worship. A lush Arts and Crafts crucifixion surmounts the altar. East Anglian saints flank the walls. James Bettley, revising the Buildings of England volume for East Suffolk, records that it was the work of Somers, Clarke & Micklethwaite in the 1880s. The chancel is only lit from the east window, emphasising the focus from the rest of the church. The set of twelve apostles and twelve angels on the choir stalls are also by Pfeiffer. You can see his signature on the back of St Luke's icon of the Blessed Virgin. This sanctuary is the ultimate expression of late 19th Century Tractarianism in Suffolk. Back in the nave, the early 18th Century pulpit speaks of a different liturgical age, when this church was a preaching house rather than a sacramental space. James Bettley credits its carving to James Hubbard, and notes its similarity to that in the Unitarian Meeting House a few hundred yards off. The 19th Century screen that stood in the chancel arch and separated these two liturgical ages was moved to the east end of the north aisle as an organ screen some time in the 20th Century.
Another screen separates off the Lady Chapel from the south aisle and the chancel. The chapel is a pleasing period piece, furnished sentimentally. The reredos, by Arthur Wallace in 1907, depicts the Supper at Emmaus flanked by Moses and Elijah in an echo of the Transfiguration. The early 20th Century paintings on the south wall are lovely, especially the infant Christ as he plays at the feet of St Joseph. But the overwhelming atmosphere of this church comes from its extensive range of 19th Century glass, the largest collection in Suffolk. It provides a catalogue of some of the major 19th Century workshops over a fairly short period, from the 1850s to the 1880s. Much of it is by Clayton & Bell, who probably received the commission for east and west windows and south aisle as part of Phipson's rebuilding contract. Other major workshops include those of William Wailes, the O'Connors and Lavers, Barraud & Westlake. A small amount of 1840s glass in the north aisle was reset here from the previous church. There are photographs of the glass at the bottom of this page.
As was common in major 19th Century restorations, the memorials that once flanked the walls were collected together and reset at the west end of the nave. At St Mary le Tower this was a major task, for there are a lot of them. The most famous is that to William Smart, MP for Ipswich in the late 16th Century. It is painted on boards. His inscription is a long acrostic, and he kneels at the bottom opposite his wife. between them is a panoramic view of the Ipswich townscape as it was in 1599, the year that he died, a remarkable snapshot of the past. Other memorials include those of the 17th Century when Ipswich was the heartland of firebrand protestant East Anglia. Matthew Lawrence, who died in 1653, was the publike preacher of this towne. There are more memorials in the north chancel aisle, now divided up as vestries. The best of these is to John and Elizabeth Robinson. He died in 1666. They kneel at their prayer desks, and below them are their children Thomas, John, Mary and Elizabeth, who all predeceased their mother. Also here are memorials to a number of the Cobbold family, who were not only important locally but even provided ministers for this church.
There are more Cobbold memorials in the nave, including one in glass at the west end of the north aisle. It is dedicated to Lucy Chevallier Cobbold, and depicts her with her daughter at the Presentation in the Temple. The Cobbold family embraced Tractarianism wholeheartedly, being largely responsible for the building of St Bartholomew near their home at Holywells Park. They probably had an influence over the Bacon family, whose wealth went towards the rebuilding, and whose symbol of a boar can be seen in the floor tiles. A good set of Stuart royal arms hangs above the west doorway.
I can't imagine what the 17th Century parishioners would make of this church if they could come back and see it now. Trevor Cooper, in his edition of The Journals of William Dowsing, recalls that the atmosphere in the town was so strongly puritan that in the 1630s the churchwardens were excommunicated for refusing to carry out the sacramentalist reforms of Archbishop Laud. The reforms demanded that the altar be returned to the chancel and railed in, but this was considered idolatrous by the parishioners. When the visitation commissioners of the Bishop of Norwich came to the church in April 1636 to see if the commands had been carried out, the churchwardens refused to give up the keys... verbally assaulting them and and confronting them with 'musketts charged, swords, staves and other weapons'.
Frank Grace, in his 'Schismaticall and Factious Humours': Opposition in Ipswich to Laudian Church Government, records a number of other incidents both here and in other Ipswich churches in the late 1630s, including an attack on 'a conformable minister' (that is to say one faithful to the Bishop) by a mob as well as a stranger who was invited by the town bailiffs to preach a very factious and seditious sermon in Tower church to a large congregation against the authority of the incumbent, who no doubt was held at bay while the ranting went on. As with all the Ipswich churches, the iconoclast William Dowsing was welcomed with open arms by the churchwardens here on his visit of January 1644. Looking around at Phipson's sacramental glory, it is hard to imagine now.
Simon Knott, December 2022
I was asked a few weeks back, if I fancied meeting up with friends, Simon and Cam for a few bears and a crawl round Ipswich.
Seemed a great idea, but checking Network Rain this week, I found that there were replacement buses out of Liverpool Street to Whitham and out of Cambridge. The first added an hour to the trip to Ipswich, the second, 90 minutes.
Jools said she would enjoy a trip out and a walk around Manningtree, so we could go in the car, I would drive up, she would drive back, and we would both have some exercise and I would meet friends.
Perfect.
Although we had planned to go to Tesco first, in the end we had breakfast and set off at half seven, eager to get some miles under our belts before traffic really built at Dartford.
Up the A2 in bright sunshine, it was a great day for travel, but also I thought it might have been good for checking out orchid woods back home. But a change is always good, and it has been nearly 9 years since Simon invited me for a tour round historic Ipswich, showing there was almost as much history there than in Norwich to the north.
Into Essex before nine, and arriving in Ipswich before ten, we decided to find somewhere for breakfast first before going our separate ways.
A large breakfast later, we split up, and I went to wander north to St Margaret's church, which I had been into on that trip 9 years back, but my shots not so good.
I found many interesting places in-between the modern buildings and urban sprawl, timber framed houses, Tudor brick and much more beside.
Sadly, St Margaret was locked. I could see the notice on the porch door, so I didn't go up to see what it said.
I wandered back, found St Mary le Tower open, so went in and took over a hundred shots, soaking in the fine Victorian glass and carved bench ends, even if they were 19th century and not older.
In the south chapel, a group were talking quietly, so I tried not to disturb them, only realising how loud the shutter on the camera was.
The font took my eye first, as it is a well preserved one from the 15th century. Though these are common in East Anglia, not so in deepest Kent, so I snapped it from all directions, recording each mark of the carver's tools.
The clocked ticked round to midday, and so I made my way to the quayside where I was to meet my friends.
Simon lives in Ipswich, but Cam and David had come down on the train from the Fine City. We met at the Briarbank Brewery Tap where I had a couple of mocha porters, which were very nice indeed.
From there we went to the Dove where we had two more beers as well as lunch.
And finally a walk to The Spread Eagle for one final beer before I walked back to Portman Road to meet Jools at the car.
Jools drove us back to the A12, and pointed the car south. As we drove, dusk fell and rain began to fall. Not very pleasant. But at least traffic was light, so in an hour we were on the M25 and twenty minutes later over the river and back in Kent.
Rain fell steadily as we cruised down the M20, past the familiar landmarks until we were back in Dover. Where we had to make a pit stop at M and S, as we needed supplies, and something for supper.
Not sure that garlic bread and wine counts as a meal, but did for us, so at half nine, we climbed the hill to bed.
--------------------------------------------------
Ipswich is the county town of Suffolk, and is also probably the longest continuously occupied town in England. Here on the River Gipping, in the south of the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of East Anglia, a number of 7th Century industrial villages grew together, and since then Ipswich has always been an industrial and commercial town, processing the produce of the land round about, and exporting it up the River Orwell to other parts of England and the continent. It was wealthy in the late medieval period, but it suffered from being cut off from its European markets by the outfall from the Reformation. A strongly puritan town in the 17th Century, a quiet backwater in the 18th Century, it was not until the Industrial Revolution that it rose to commercial prominence again, with heavy industry producing agricultural machinery, vehicles and other ironwork. It would continue to be important industrially until the 1980s, but then most of the factories closed, and the town has not yet recovered.
The townscape is punctuated by church towers and spires, for Ipswich has twelve surviving medieval churches. Remarkably, six of them are still in use, and of these St Mary le Tower is the biggest and most prominent. Its spire rises sixty metres above the rooftops, making it the second tallest building in the town after the Mill apartment block on the Waterfront. There was a church here in 1200, when the Borough of Ipswich came into being in the churchyard by the declaration of the granting of a charter. The medieval church had a spire until it came down in the hurricane of 1661. When the Diocese of Norwich oversaw the restoration of the church in the mid-19th Century the decision was taken for a complete rebuild in stone on the same site. It is almost entirely the work of diocesan surveyor Richard Phipson, who worked on it over a period of twenty years in the 1850s and 1860s, including replacing the spire, and so this is East Anglia's urban Victorian church par excellence. The rebuilding was bankrolled by the wealthy local Bacon banking family. It is a large church, built more or less on the plan of its predecessor, full of the spirit of its age. One could no more imagine Ipswich without the Tower than without the Orwell Bridge.
The length of the church splits the churchyard into two quite separate parts, the south side a public space, the walled north side atmospheric and secretive. The large cross to the south-west of the tower is not a war memorial. It remembers John Patteson, Bishop of Melanesia, murdered by some of his flock in the 1870s. Treated as a martyr by the press of the day, Patteson appears to have had no local connection, but the Pattesons had intermarried with the Cobbolds, an important local family, and Patteson Road by Ipswich docks also remembers him. There never was a north door, and the west doors are beautiful and liturgically correct but perhaps not useful, since they are below street level and the path merely leads round to the south, allowing processions but no access from Tower Street. The flushwork is exuberant, and makes you think that being a flint-knapper must have been a good living in the 1860s. As with the medieval predecessor, the entrance is through the tower which forms a porch on the south side, in common with about thirty other East Anglian churches. Until the 1860s there was a further castellated porch on the south side of the tower, something in the style of the Hadleigh Deanery tower, but this was removed. You can see it in as photograph at the top of this page. And looking at this photograph, it is hard not to think that Phipson retained at least part of the lower stage of the tower.
There is a small statue of the church's patron saint in the niche above the entrance, by the sculptor Richard Pfeiffer. Away to the east, the same sculptor produced St John the Evangelist and St Mary of Magdala on the end of the chancel, and there is more of his work inside. You step into the tower porch under vaulting. A small door in the north-east corner leads up into the ringing chamber and beyond that the belfry, with a ring of twelve bells. The south doorway into the church has stops representing the Annunciation, with the angel to the west, and Mary at her prayer desk to the east. As part of a Millennium project this doorway was painted and gilded. It leads through into the south aisle, beyond which the wide nave seems to swallow all sound, a powerful transition from the outside. Polished wood and tile gleam under coloured light from large windows filled with 19th Century glass. At one time the walls were stencilled, but this was removed in the 1960s. The former church was dark and serious inside, as a drawing in the north aisle shows, so it must have made quite a contrast when the townspeople first entered their new church.
The font by the doorway is the first of a number of significant survivals from the old church. It's one of the 15th Century East Anglian series of which several hundred survive, all slightly different. It is in good condition, and you can't help thinking that this is ironically because Ipswich was a town which embraced protestantism whole-heartedly after the Reformation, and it is likely that the font was plastered over in the mid-16th Century to make it plain and simple. The lions around the pillar stand on human heads, and there are more heads beneath the bowl. The next survival that comes into view is the pair of 15th Century benches at the west end of the nave. The bench ends are clerics holding books, and above them memorable finials depicting two lions, a dragon and what might be a cat or a dog.
The box pews were removed as part of Phipson's restoration and replaced with high quality benches. The front row are the Borough Corporation seats, a mace rest and a sword rest in front of them. The carvings on the ends of the benches are seahorses, the creatures that hold the shield on the Ipswich Borough arms, and on the finials in front are lions holding ships, the crest of the Borough. As you might expect in Ipswich these are by Henry Ringham, whose church carving was always of a high quality, and is perhaps best known at Woolpit and Combs. His workshop on St John's Road employed fifty people at the time of the 1861 census, but by the following year he was bankrupt, and so the work here is likely some of the last that he produced. He died in 1866, and Ringham Road in East Ipswich remembers him.
Moving into the chancel, the other major survival is a collection of late 15th and early 16th Century brasses. Altogether there are ten large figures, but in fact some of them represent the same person more than once. The most memorable is probably that of Alys Baldry, who died in 1507. She lies between her two husbands. The first, Robert Wimbill, is on the right. He died in about 1477. He was a notary, and his ink pot and pen case hang from his belt. Her second husband, Thomas Baldry, is on the left. He died in 1525. He was a merchant, and his merchant mark is set beneath his feet next to Alys's five daughters and four sons.
Alys Baldry, Robert Wimbill and Thomas Baldry are all depicted in further brasses here. The best of these is that to Robert. It was commissioned by his will in the 1470s. He lies on his own with a Latin inscription which translates as 'My hope lies in my heart. Holy Trinity, one God, have mercy on me.' His ink pot and pen case hang from his belt again, and between his feet are a skull and scattered bones, an early memento mori. Thomas Baldry's own brass memorial shows him lying between his two wives, Alys who we have already met, and his second wife Christian. The other group of three figures depicts Thomas Drayll, a merchant, with his wives Margaret and Agnes. Thomas died in 1512. The arms of the Cinque Ports are set above him, and a large merchant mark is beneath his feet. Several inscriptions are missing, and we know that when the iconoclast William Dowsing visited the church on 29th Janary 1644 he ordered the removal of six brass inscriptions with Ora pro nobis ('pray for us') and Ora pro animabus ('pray for our souls'), and Cujus animae propitietur deus ('on whose soul may God have mercy') and pray for the soul in English.
The spectacular sanctuary with its imposing reredos, piscina and sedilia was clearly designed for shadowy, incense-led worship. A lush Arts and Crafts crucifixion surmounts the altar. East Anglian saints flank the walls. James Bettley, revising the Buildings of England volume for East Suffolk, records that it was the work of Somers, Clarke & Micklethwaite in the 1880s. The chancel is only lit from the east window, emphasising the focus from the rest of the church. The set of twelve apostles and twelve angels on the choir stalls are also by Pfeiffer. You can see his signature on the back of St Luke's icon of the Blessed Virgin. This sanctuary is the ultimate expression of late 19th Century Tractarianism in Suffolk. Back in the nave, the early 18th Century pulpit speaks of a different liturgical age, when this church was a preaching house rather than a sacramental space. James Bettley credits its carving to James Hubbard, and notes its similarity to that in the Unitarian Meeting House a few hundred yards off. The 19th Century screen that stood in the chancel arch and separated these two liturgical ages was moved to the east end of the north aisle as an organ screen some time in the 20th Century.
Another screen separates off the Lady Chapel from the south aisle and the chancel. The chapel is a pleasing period piece, furnished sentimentally. The reredos, by Arthur Wallace in 1907, depicts the Supper at Emmaus flanked by Moses and Elijah in an echo of the Transfiguration. The early 20th Century paintings on the south wall are lovely, especially the infant Christ as he plays at the feet of St Joseph. But the overwhelming atmosphere of this church comes from its extensive range of 19th Century glass, the largest collection in Suffolk. It provides a catalogue of some of the major 19th Century workshops over a fairly short period, from the 1850s to the 1880s. Much of it is by Clayton & Bell, who probably received the commission for east and west windows and south aisle as part of Phipson's rebuilding contract. Other major workshops include those of William Wailes, the O'Connors and Lavers, Barraud & Westlake. A small amount of 1840s glass in the north aisle was reset here from the previous church. There are photographs of the glass at the bottom of this page.
As was common in major 19th Century restorations, the memorials that once flanked the walls were collected together and reset at the west end of the nave. At St Mary le Tower this was a major task, for there are a lot of them. The most famous is that to William Smart, MP for Ipswich in the late 16th Century. It is painted on boards. His inscription is a long acrostic, and he kneels at the bottom opposite his wife. between them is a panoramic view of the Ipswich townscape as it was in 1599, the year that he died, a remarkable snapshot of the past. Other memorials include those of the 17th Century when Ipswich was the heartland of firebrand protestant East Anglia. Matthew Lawrence, who died in 1653, was the publike preacher of this towne. There are more memorials in the north chancel aisle, now divided up as vestries. The best of these is to John and Elizabeth Robinson. He died in 1666. They kneel at their prayer desks, and below them are their children Thomas, John, Mary and Elizabeth, who all predeceased their mother. Also here are memorials to a number of the Cobbold family, who were not only important locally but even provided ministers for this church.
There are more Cobbold memorials in the nave, including one in glass at the west end of the north aisle. It is dedicated to Lucy Chevallier Cobbold, and depicts her with her daughter at the Presentation in the Temple. The Cobbold family embraced Tractarianism wholeheartedly, being largely responsible for the building of St Bartholomew near their home at Holywells Park. They probably had an influence over the Bacon family, whose wealth went towards the rebuilding, and whose symbol of a boar can be seen in the floor tiles. A good set of Stuart royal arms hangs above the west doorway.
I can't imagine what the 17th Century parishioners would make of this church if they could come back and see it now. Trevor Cooper, in his edition of The Journals of William Dowsing, recalls that the atmosphere in the town was so strongly puritan that in the 1630s the churchwardens were excommunicated for refusing to carry out the sacramentalist reforms of Archbishop Laud. The reforms demanded that the altar be returned to the chancel and railed in, but this was considered idolatrous by the parishioners. When the visitation commissioners of the Bishop of Norwich came to the church in April 1636 to see if the commands had been carried out, the churchwardens refused to give up the keys... verbally assaulting them and and confronting them with 'musketts charged, swords, staves and other weapons'.
Frank Grace, in his 'Schismaticall and Factious Humours': Opposition in Ipswich to Laudian Church Government, records a number of other incidents both here and in other Ipswich churches in the late 1630s, including an attack on 'a conformable minister' (that is to say one faithful to the Bishop) by a mob as well as a stranger who was invited by the town bailiffs to preach a very factious and seditious sermon in Tower church to a large congregation against the authority of the incumbent, who no doubt was held at bay while the ranting went on. As with all the Ipswich churches, the iconoclast William Dowsing was welcomed with open arms by the churchwardens here on his visit of January 1644. Looking around at Phipson's sacramental glory, it is hard to imagine now.
Simon Knott, December 2022
Knapper: Perri Smith
Obsidian is a glassy-textured, extrusive igneous rock. It forms by either very rapid cooling of lava or by cooling of high-viscosity lava. The latter origin is the most common. Obsidian is usually black but can be other colors. Flow-banding may be present. Small, light-colored crystals may be commonly included in the glass - such rocks are called "vitrophyre". Sometimes, obsidian is encountered with whitish areas resembling snowflakes - "snowflake obsidian", which forms as the glass slowly devitrifies over geologic time.
The arrowhead seen here is a modern replica made from Oregon obsidian. The obsidian is mostly gray-colored and has flow-banding.
Flint from the Pennsylvanian of Ohio, USA. (polished)
Flint is the "official" state gemstone of Ohio (actually, there's no such thing as "official" anything). "Flint" is sometimes used as a lithologic term by modern geologists, but it is a synonym for chert. Flint and chert are the same - they are cryptocrystalline, quartzose sedimentary rocks. Rockhounds often assert that flint is high-quality while chert is low-quality. Some geologists assert that "flint" implies a biogenic origin and "chert" implies a chemical origin.
Many cherts do have a chemical origin - chert nodules are moderately common in some limestone units. The nodules form during diagenesis - pre-existing silica components in the carbonate sediments are dissolved, mobilized, and reprecipitated as chert masses. Some cherts do have a biogenic origin - for example, radiolarian cherts (rich in radiolarian microfossils) or spicular cherts (rich in siliceous sponge spicules).
The most famous flint deposit in Ohio is Flint Ridge, in Licking County. At this locality, the Middle Pennsylvanian-aged Vanport Flint is exposed in several places. The geologic literature on the Vanport Flint is relatively sparse, with inaccurate, incomplete descriptions and characterizations. For example, the literature describes the Vanport as a sheet of flint at Flint Ridge - it's actually a meganodule horizon. Other descriptions refer to the chert as the remains of siliceous sponges. In reality, siliceous sponge spicules are quite scarce in Vanport samples.
Two graduate student projects during the 2000s, conducted at two different universities, had very different conclusions & interpretations about the origin of the Vanport Flint. A 2003 study concluded that chert at Flint Ridge is biogenic in origin. A 2006 study concluded that the chert is chemical in origin. Some Pennsylvanian-aged cherts in eastern America are inferred to be ultimately derived from quartzose eolian dust on seafloors.
Modern flint knappers value the Vanport Flint for being multicolored and high-quality (= very few impurities). With artificial heating, the flint is more easily knapped into arrowheads, spear points, and other objects. Prehistoric American Indians quarried the Vanport Flint at many specific sites on Flint Ridge. Old Indian flint pits can be examined along hiking trails in Flint Ridge State Park. Many authentic Indian artifacts found in Ohio (arrowheads & spearpoints - "projectile points") are composed of Vanport Flint.
Stratigraphy: Vanport Flint, Allegheny Group, upper Middle Pennsylvanian
Locality: probably the Nethers Flint Quarries - flint pits in the woods on the southwestern side of Flint Ridge Road, eastern Flint Ridge, far-western Muskingum County, east-central Ohio, USA (vicinity of 40° 00.137’ North latitude, 82° 11.544’ West longitude)
Flint from the Pennsylvanian of Ohio, USA. (public display, Geology Department, Wittenberg University, Springfield, Ohio, USA)
Flint is the "official" state gemstone of Ohio (actually, there's no such thing as "official" anything). "Flint" is sometimes used as a lithologic term by modern geologists, but it is a synonym for chert. Flint and chert are the same - they are cryptocrystalline, quartzose sedimentary rocks. Rockhounds often assert that flint is high-quality while chert is low-quality. Some geologists assert that "flint" implies a biogenic origin and "chert" implies a chemical origin.
Many cherts do have a chemical origin - chert nodules are moderately common in some limestone units. The nodules form during diagenesis - pre-existing silica components in the carbonate sediments are dissolved, mobilized, and reprecipitated as chert masses. Some cherts do have a biogenic origin - for example, radiolarian cherts (rich in radiolarian microfossils) or spicular cherts (rich in siliceous sponge spicules).
The most famous flint deposit in Ohio is Flint Ridge, in Licking County. At this locality, the Middle Pennsylvanian-aged Vanport Flint is exposed in several places. The geologic literature on the Vanport Flint is relatively sparse, with inaccurate, incomplete descriptions and characterizations. For example, the literature describes the Vanport as a sheet of flint at Flint Ridge - it's actually a meganodule horizon. Other descriptions refer to the chert as the remains of siliceous sponges. In reality, siliceous sponge spicules are quite scarce in Vanport samples.
Two graduate student projects during the 2000s, conducted at two different universities, had very different conclusions & interpretations about the origin of the Vanport Flint. A 2003 study concluded that chert at Flint Ridge is biogenic in origin. A 2006 study concluded that the chert is chemical in origin.
Studies done by geologists at Ohio State University at Newark indicate that the Vanport Flint has a relatively complex history, the details of which are still being worked out.
Modern flint knappers value the Vanport Flint for being multicolored and high-quality (= very few impurities). With artificial heating, the flint is more easily knapped into arrowheads, spear points, and other objects. Prehistoric American Indians quarried the Vanport Flint at many specific sites on Flint Ridge. Old Indian flint pits can be examined along hiking trails in Flint Ridge State Park ("State Memorial"). Many authentic Indian artifacts found in Ohio (arrowheads & spearpoints - "projectile points") are composed of Vanport Flint.
This polished sample has many thin, closely-spaced lines and bands & is known as "pinstripe flint" or "Nethers flint". The striping resembles Liesegang banding in sandstones, which results from groundwater moving through porous rocks and precipitating minerals - usually iron oxide (e.g., see: www.flickr.com/photos/jsjgeology/albums/72157647217431341 ). Flint/chert, however, has low porosity and very low permeability, so pinstripe banding must have a different origin (?).
The reddish and yellowish colors are from iron oxide staining.
Stratigraphy: Vanport Flint, Allegheny Group, upper Middle Pennsylvanian
Locality: Nethers Flint Quarries - flint pit in the woods on the southwestern side of Flint Ridge Road, eastern Flint Ridge, far-western Muskingum County, east-central Ohio, USA (vicinity of 40° 00.137’ North latitude, 82° 11.544’ West longitude)
I have a friend who is a world class flint knapper. He has started to flake Montana Moss agate and turn them into these stunning points. He has many for sale. If you are interested private mail me for details.
Fossiliferous flint from the Pennsylvanian of Ohio, USA. (~4.85 centimeters across at its widest)
Flint is the "official" state gemstone of Ohio (actually, there's no such thing as "official" anything). "Flint" is sometimes used as a lithologic term by modern geologists, but it is a synonym for chert. Flint and chert are the same - they are cryptocrystalline, quartzose sedimentary rocks. Rockhounds often assert that flint is high-quality while chert is low-quality. Some geologists assert that "flint" implies a biogenic origin and "chert" implies a chemical origin.
Many cherts do have a chemical origin - chert nodules are moderately common in some limestone units. The nodules form during diagenesis - pre-existing silica components in the carbonate sediments are dissolved, mobilized, and reprecipitated as chert masses. Some cherts do have a biogenic origin - for example, radiolarian cherts (rich in radiolarian microfossils) or spicular cherts (rich in siliceous sponge spicules).
The most famous flint deposit in Ohio is Flint Ridge, in Licking County. At this locality, the Middle Pennsylvanian-aged Vanport Flint is exposed in several places. The geologic literature on the Vanport Flint is relatively sparse, with inaccurate, incomplete descriptions and characterizations. For example, the literature describes the Vanport as a sheet of flint at Flint Ridge - it's actually a meganodule horizon. Other descriptions refer to the chert as the remains of siliceous sponges. In reality, siliceous sponge spicules are quite scarce in Vanport samples.
Two graduate student projects during the 2000s, conducted at two different universities, had very different conclusions & interpretations about the origin of the Vanport Flint. A 2003 study concluded that chert at Flint Ridge is biogenic in origin. A 2006 study concluded that the chert is chemical in origin.
Modern flint knappers value the Vanport Flint for being multicolored and high-quality (= very few impurities). With artificial heating, the flint is more easily knapped into arrowheads, spear points, and other objects. Prehistoric American Indians quarried the Vanport Flint at many specific sites on Flint Ridge. Old Indian flint pits can be examined along hiking trails in Flint Ridge State Park ("State Memorial"). Many authentic Indian artifacts found in Ohio (arrowheads & spearpoints - "projectile points") are composed of Vanport Flint.
The Vanport Flint does occur outside of Flint Ridge. The sample seen here is from southern Perry County, Ohio. This flint piece is remarkable for being richly fossiliferous. The irregular white squiggles are silicified phylloidal algae, a type of marine calcareous algae that resembled "corn flakes". Fossil phylloidal algae in Ohio are usually encountered in some Pennsylvanian-aged carbonate horizons, such as the Putnam Hill Limestone (see: www.flickr.com/photos/jsjgeology/albums/72157689655823835 ).
This flint also contains crinoid columnals, preserved as empty external molds (vugs) - see the small, brownish-colored cavities in the rock (click on the photo to zoom in).
Stratigraphy: float from the Vanport Flint, Allegheny Group, upper Middle Pennsylvanian
Locality: loose piece in intermittent creek in NW-SE trending ravine that roughly parallels Township Road 241 (= Township Road 381; = Howdyshell Road), barely north of the Perry County-Hocking County line, Monday Creek Township, ~0.9 miles north-northwest of the town of Gore & southeast of the town of Maxville, southern Perry County, Wayne National Forest, southeastern Ohio, USA (39° 35.533’ North latitude, 82° 17.973’ West longitude)
Berlin, "Municipal Baths Reloaded", Video Art and Light installations in the Lichtenberg Municipal Baths": Ventilation slots in expressionistic design in the ceiling of the Small Hall
Als Lichtenberg 1907 in den Rang einer Stadt erhoben wurde und sein erstes Rathaus besaß, plante die Stadtverwaltung auch die entsprechenden städtischen Einrichtungen wie ein Amtsgericht, ein Krankenhaus, ein Entbindungsheim, Schulen und ein Volksbad. Die Kommune erwarb ein 3800 m² großes Grundstück an der Frankfurter Allee und gründete eine Kommission für die Erbauung einer Volksbadeanstalt, besetzt mit sieben Stadtverordneten und sieben Bürgerdeputierten. Architekten lieferten sogar in der Zeit des Ersten Weltkriegs Baupläne für eine solche öffentliche Badeeinrichtung. Der erste Spatenstich erfolgte im Jahr 1919 und die Fundamente wurden gelegt. Weil Lichtenberg 1920 als Bezirk nach Groß-Berlin eingemeindet wurde und seinen Stadtstatus verlor (und sicherlich auch wegen knapper Kassen unmittelbar nach dem Krieg), wurden die Bauarbeiten eingestellt. Erst 1925, nach Überwindung der Inflation, wurde weitergebaut, nachdem die Ingenieur-Architekten Rudolf Gleye und Otto Weis die vorhandenen Pläne aktualisiert hatten. Es entstand ein mehrgliedriger kubischer Baukörper im Stil des Expressionismus mit – nach damaligen Vorstellungen – sehr modernen Ausstattungen:
Die Einweihung des Hubertusbades nahm der Berliner Oberbürgermeister Gustav Böß am 2. Februar 1928 vor. Im Zweiten Weltkrieg beschädigte eine Sprengbombe das Gebäude an der Nordwestseite, es blieb aber noch funktionstüchtig. Außerdem gingen durch die Druckwellen die meisten Scheiben zu Bruch. Das Bad wurde notdürftig repariert. Als im Zusammenhang mit der Errichtung kompletter Neubauviertel in den östlichen Stadtbezirken ab Ende der 1960er Jahre dort auch neue lichtdurchflutete Schwimmhallen entstanden, verlor das Hubertusbad seine über den Bezirk hinausgehende Bedeutung. Hinzu kam, dass nun Baumängel, die bereits seit der Fertigstellung vorhanden waren, immer gravierender wurden, 1988 musste deshalb zunächst die große Halle geschlossen werden. Grund war ein Defekt an der Wasseraufbereitungs- und Heizungsanlage, der sich nicht mehr beheben ließ. Nach dem Mauerfall und dem schrittweisen Zusammenwachsen der gesamten Stadt galten die bisherigen bundesdeutschen Vorschriften für solche Einrichtungen, Geld für Reparaturen stand nun auch nicht mehr bereit. Als 1991 die Hauptwasserzuführung kaputtging, mussten auch die kleine Halle und alle anderen Badeinrichtungen geschlossen werden. Die kleine Halle diente dann zweckentfremdet als Lagerhalle.. Im Jahr 2016 fasste der Senat von Berlin einen Entschluss, der einer Wiederbelebung des Bades einen großen Schritt näher kam: der Komplex bleibt Eigentum des Landes Berlin. Im Auftrag der Stadt kümmert sich seitdem das Unternehmen Berliner Immobilienmanagement (BIM) um Möglichkeiten der Nachnutzung.
Eine Wiederaufnahme des Badebetriebes ist wegen der hohen Investitionskosten und der Unwirtschaftlichkeit eines laufenden Betriebes nicht mehr vorgesehen. Daher soll das Stadtbad Lichtenberg sowohl Veranstaltungsort als auch Begegnungszentrum im Kiez werden. Zur langfristigen Erreichung dieses Zieles wurde ein Zwei-Stufen-Plan beschlossen und unter Beteiligung der Öffentlichkeit in einem Konkretisierungs- und Planungsworkshop vertieft: Im ersten Bauabschnitt, der Anfang des Jahres 2022 abgeschlossen war, wurden aus dem Haus mehrere Tonnen Bauschutt entfernt sowie Elektroanschlüsse und Sanitäranlagen im linken (östlichen) Gebäudeteil wieder hergerichtet. Über das Becken der ehemaligen Frauenschwimmhalle wurde ein Holzboden gezogen, auf dem seit 2022 Ausstellungen und andere Events stattfinden können. Auf diesem Parkettboden können bis zu 200 Personen platziert werden. Hier finden temporäre Veranstaltungen statt, wie die, die wir besucht haben. Sie heißt "Stadtbad Reloaded" und führt die Gäste auf einen spannenden Rundgang durch das Haus, welches mit beeindruckenden Lichtinstallationen und über 157 digitalen Kunstwerken in allen Ecken wieder zum Leben erwacht.
Quelle: Überwiegend Wikipedia
When Lichtenberg was elevated to the status of a town in 1907 and had its first town hall, the town council also planned the corresponding municipal facilities such as a district court, a hospital, a maternity home, schools and a public swimming pool. The municipality acquired a 3,800 square metre plot of land on Frankfurter Allee and set up a commission for the construction of a public baths, consisting of seven city councillors and seven citizen deputies. Architects even provided construction plans for such a public bathing facility during the First World War. The ground-breaking ceremony took place in 1919 and the foundations were laid. Because Lichtenberg was incorporated into Greater Berlin as a borough in 1920 and lost its city status (and no doubt also due to a shortage of funds immediately after the war), construction work was halted. It was not until 1925, after the inflation had been overcome, that building work resumed after the engineer-architects Rudolf Gleye and Otto Weis had updated the existing plans. The result was a multi-storey cubic building in the Expressionist style with - according to the ideas of the time - very modern fixtures and fittings. The Hubertusbad was inaugurated by the Lord Mayor of Berlin, Gustav Böß, on 2 February 1928. During the Second World War, a high-explosive bomb damaged the building on the north-west side, but it remained functional. Most of the windows were also broken by the blast waves. The baths were provisionally repaired. When new, light-flooded swimming pools were built in the eastern boroughs at the end of the 1960s in connection with the construction of entire new neighbourhoods, the Hubertus Baths lost its importance beyond the borough. In addition, construction defects, which had been present since completion, became increasingly serious, and in 1988 the large hall had to be closed. The reason was a defect in the water treatment and heating system that could no longer be repaired.
After the fall of the Berlin Wall and the gradual merging of the entire city, the regulations for such facilities in vigour in West Germany applied and there was no longer any money available for repairs. When the main water supply broke in 1991, the small hall and all other bathing facilities had to be closed. The small hall was then misused as a warehouse. In 2016, the Berlin Senate took a decision that brought the revitalisation of the baths a big step closer: the complex remains property of the state of Berlin. Since then, the Berlin Real Estate Management Administration (BIM) has been working on behalf of the city to find ways to reutilise the site. Due to the high investment costs and the inefficiency of the operation of the pools, it is no longer planned to resume bathing activities. The Lichtenberg Municipal Baths are therefore to become both a venue for events and a meeting centre in the neighbourhood. In order to achieve this goal in the long term, a two-stage plan was adopted and further developed with the participation of the public in a concretisation and planning workshop:
In the first construction phase, which was completed at the beginning of 2022, several tonnes of rubble were removed from the building and electrical connections and sanitary facilities were restored in the left-hand (eastern) part of the building. A wooden floor was laid over the pool of the former women's swimming pool, which has been used for exhibitions and other events since 2022. Up to 200 people can be seated on this parquet floor. Temporary events take place here, like the one we visited. It is called ‘Municipal Baths Reloaded’ and takes guests on an exciting tour of the building, which comes back to life with impressive light installations and over 157 digital artworks in every corner.
Source: Mainly Wikipedia
Stranger #046/100 - Caroline [Kandidat1]
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This picture is #046 in my 100 strangers project. Find out more about the project and see pictures taken by other photographers at the 100 Strangers Flickr Group page
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I met Caroline at the M-Net Sportfestival in Munich, where she was coaching visitors finding their center of gravity while balancing on the slackline.
The challenge to stay at least 10 seconds on the line should motivate interested visitors at the pavillon to step on the line and give it a try. She gave advise for the beginners and helpful hints to increase the number of participants in Munich. The goal was a higher score than Dortmund where 400 persons had met this requirement.
I talked to her and learned that she works as a physiotherapist and has had good experiences with the slackline for several years.
Fascinated by her receptiveness and the authentic cheerfulness of her person I invited her to participate at my photo project and she agreed. The only problem was the changing weather and some interruptions due to her obligations during the event. Therefore the portrait shooting happened finally at the end of the festival and we used a blue trailer as background for the photos which was forming a beautiful contrast with hier yellow shirt.
I hope this composition gives a good impression of the relaxed feeling during our shooting with an improvised arrangement ;-)
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Caroline begegnete mir auf dem M-Net Sportfestival in München, wo Sie in einem Pavillon am Rand des Wettbewerbs "Globetrotter World Slackline Masters 2017" Besucher betreute, die ihr Gleichgewichtsgefühl auf der Slackline testen oder verbessern wollten. Die Herausforderung war, mindestens 10 Sekunden zu balancieren und sie gab dabei hilfreiche Tipps oder eine Hilfestellung zur Verbesserung der Haltung. Nebenbei wurde versucht, in München mehr Menschen zur Teilnahme an diesem Wettbewerb zu bewegen, um die in Dortmund erreichte Marke von 400 Personen zu übertreffen, die auf dem Band so lange das Gleichgewicht halten konnten. Das ganze lief sehr entspannt ab und das war unter anderem dem Einfühlungsvermögen und der Geduld von Caroline zu verdanken. Wie sich im Gespräch herausstellte, ist sie als Physiotherapeutin aktiv und nutzt die Slackline seit mehreren Jahren erfolgreich als Gerät zur Unterstützung beim Muskelaufbau nach Operationen und bei motorischen Störungen, wie z.B. nach einem Schlaganfall.
Faszinierend fand ich ihre Aufgeschlossenheit und ein Gefühl der Vertrautheit, das sich nach kurzer Zeit einstellte. Mir fällt kein besseres Wort ein als "authentisch", um diese Ausstrahlung zu beschreiben. Dementsprechend musste ich auch nicht viel Überredungskunst aufbieten, um Caroline zur Teilnahme an meinem Fotoprojekt "100 Strangers" zu bewegen.
Da es zwischendurch immer wieder mal regnete und sie als Mama auch familiäre Pflichten wahrnehmen musste, fand das kurze Porträtshooting erst ziemlich am Ende der Veranstaltung nach 18:00 Uhr statt. Wir nutzten einfach die intensiv blaue Oberfläche eines Anhängers als Hintergrund, was einen starken komplementärfarbigen Kontrast zum Gelb des T-Shirts bildet und eine plakative Wirkung zur Folge hat.
Die Originalaufnahme wurde im Ausschnitt knapper gefasst und nur geringfügig nachbearbeitet, um die natürliche Wirkung nicht zu beeinträchtigen. Ich hoffe, dass so auch ein unbeteiligter Betrachter dieses Gefühl nachvollziehen kann und bedanke mich bei Caroline für die Bereitschaft zur Teilnahme an meinem Fotoprojekt und das Vertrauen bei der Umsetzung der Porträtaufnahmen.
Wer sich für den Einsatz einer Slackline im Rahmen einer Therapie interessiert, findet hier konkrete Informationen zum Thema:
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[CF_2017-07-02_181306(7D)_EditCPP(Ausschnitt3x4_3333x4444_K1_S+3_Sch6)_ji(KA0.06_KL0.20_FK_B-0.08Sch+20%_Vig-1.50F2.0).jpg]
Converted from Raw (CR2) with closer framing (3:4), correction of contrast and sharpness, enhanced shadows and an additional vignette
Mitt bidrag till Fotosöndag och veckans tema raritet. Pappas gamla reseskrivmaskin Hermes 3000 tillverkad i Schweiz.. Modellen introducerades 1958 och har rundade hörn och ett skyddande lock som man "knäpper" fast på maskinen vid transport.
Photo for this weeks theme rarity for the group Photo Sunday. Hermes 3000, a Swiss-made typewriter first introduced in 1958 that sports nicely rounded corners and a nifty lid that snaps down over the machine onto a base upon which the typewriter sits.
Stoke Railway Station War Memorial
All information is provided in good faith but, on occasions errors may occur. Should this be the case, if new information can be verified please supply it to the author and corrections will then be made.
This memorial has been compiled with additional information by kind permission of the Commonwealth War Graves Commission
Also from Ancestry.co.uk
CHESHIRE REGIMENT
Sergeant 14497 Joseph WEATHERBY 10th Cheshire Regiment killed in action 14th July 1916. He was born in 1895 and baptised on the 30th August 1896 at St Peter's church, Macclesfield, Cheshire. He was the son of Joseph and Elizabeth who were all living at 32, St George Street, Macclesfield. In 1911 he was an errand boy aged 14. He enlisted on the 15th September 1914 aged 19 and 182 days. He came up through the rank and was promoted to Sergeant on the 14th April 1915. He fought in France from the 26th September 1916 and was reported missing on the 14th July 1916. His occupation prior to enlistment was a lamp man. He is commemorated on the Thiepval Memorial, Somme, France
Corporal (CWGC and SDGW have Sergeant) 8/11039 James Henry BAILEY 8th Cheshire Regiment died of wounds in Mesopotamia on the 13th April 1916 aged 30. Born at St Peter's Macclesfield and is at rest in Amara War Cemetery, Iraq
Lance Corporal 10857 Reginald Jack DEWSBERRY died 4th August 1916 aged 23. He was the son of Thomas and Sarah of Station House, Congleton, Cheshire. He is at rest in Doullens Communal Cemetery Extension No1, Somme, France
Private 244708 George ARMITT 9th Cheshire Regiment died 6th June 1918 aged 28. He was the son of
Mrs. Hannah Armitt, of Roe Park Lodge, Moreton; husband of Elizabeth J. Armitt, of The Bank, Scholar Green, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire. He is commemorated on the soissons memorial, Aisne, France
Private 12899 Charles COPPENHALL 9th Cheshire Regiment died 28th July 1916 aged 22. He was the son of Philip and hannah of 1, St Anne's Road, Middlewich, Cheshire. He is at rest in Heilly Station Cemetery, Mericourt-L'Abbe, Somme, France
Private 3/18437 James MOTTRAM b Coy 8th Cheshire Regiment died 12th October 1918. He was born at Smallewood, Sandbach and was the son of Arthur and Elizabeth of Church Lawton Cheshire. He is at rest in Deolali Government Cemetery, India
Private 2116 John SMALLWOOD D Company, 1/7th Cheshire Regiment died of wounds 17th August 1915 aged 20. he was the son of James and Frances Jane of 45, Station Street, Macclesfield, Cheshire. In 1911 he was employed as a railway booking clerk. He is at rest in Green Hill Cemetery, Turkey and Gallipoli
ROYAL WELCH FUSILIERS
Private 24665 Samuel THOMAS, 2nd royal Welsh Fusiliers, died of wounds 20th August 1916. Born at Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire and was the son of Moses Henry and Annie of 7, Alma Street, fenton, Stoke on Trent. He is at rest in Heilly Station Cemetery, Mericourt-L'Abbe, Somme, France
BORDERERS
Private John 14965 LEES (Memorial has LEESE and the only J serving with the "Borderers".) 8th King's Own Scottish Borderers killed in action 25th September 1915 aged 24. He was the son of John and Tomasina Emond of 75, Buccleuch Street, Edinburgh. He is commemorated on the Loos Memorial, France
THE CAMERONIANS
Lance Corporal 20767 Harry Thomas THOMPSON 10th Cameronians Scottish Rifles killed in action 25th May 1917 aged 38. He was the son of Joseph and Elizabeth of 32, Goole Street, Newcastle under Lyme Staffordshire. he is at rest in Vermelles British Cemetery, France
WORCESTERSHIRE REGIMENT
Private 41950 John Alexander BILLINGSLEY 3rd Worcestershire Regiment killed in action 22nd March 1918. Born at Hanley Staffordshire in 1899 and baptised on the 16th April 1899. His parents were James and Mary Ann and in 1911 the family were all residing at 29, Elgin Street, Hanley. He is commemorated on the Arras Memorial, France
EAST LANCASHIRE REGIMENT
Private 29927 Thomas HEMMINGS 2/4th East Lancashire Regiment, formerly 36644 North Staffordshire Regiment killed in action 10th October 1917. Born at Tittensor and is commemorated on the Tyne Cot Memorial, Belgium
Private29949 Frederick PERRINS 2/4th East Lancashire Regiment died 10th October 1918 Born at Hanford and was the son of James and Isabella, Staffordshire who in 1911 were all living at 51, New Street, Hanford. He is at rest in La Louviere Town Cemetery, Hainaut, Belgium
EAST SURREY REGIMENT
Private 26467 William BICKERTON 12th East Surrey Regiment died 23rd March 1918 aged 20. Born at Little Drayton, Salop and he was the son of Joseph and Annie E of 8, Simons Road, Market Drayton. he is commemorated on the Arras Memorial, France
Private 42136 Wilfred John WOOD 8th East Surrey Regiment, formerly 101337 Sherwood Foresters died of wounds 10th November 1918 aged 19. He was the son of John Thomas and Rose Wood, of West View, Hanford, Stoke-on-Trent. he is at rest in Etretat Churchyard Extension, France
SOUTH STAFFORDSHIRE REGIMENT
Corporal 9399 Robert FORD 1/5th South Staffordshire Regiment killed in action 26th June 1916 aged 27 He was the son of Robert Talbot and Mary Ford of Wharf House, Leek, Staffordshire. He is at rest in Gommecourt Wood New Cemetery, Foncquevillers, France
Lance Corporal 16608 William CADDICK South Staffordshire Regiment killed in action 25th September 1915 aged 18. He was the son of Mrs Mary Jane Caddick of 27, Wallbrook Street, Coseley, Bilston, Staffordshire. His father was called James and in 1911 the family were living at 7, Square Street, Coseley. He is commemorated on the Loos Memorial, France
Private 203076 Arthur John SCRAGG 2/6th South Staffordshire Regiment died 11th August 1918 aged 21. Born at Burslem Staffordshire to John and Sarah nee Pimlott and in 1911 his parents were living at 343 Newcastle Street, Longport, Burslem, Staffordshire. In 1911 aged 13 he was at the Stanfield Isolation Hospital, Burslem as a messenger boy for the railway. He is at rest in Cologne Southern Cemetery, Nordrhein Westfalen, Germany
SHERWOOD FORESTERS
Private71857 George JAMES 11th Sherwood Foresters died 7th June 1917. Born at Blythe Bridge, Staffordshire and is commemorated on the Menin Gate Memorial, Ypres, Belgium
Private 108342 Sidney MILES 11th Sherwood Foresters formerly 62127 North Staffordshire Regiment died 9th November 1918 aged 22. He was the son of Edmund and Mary of 60 Albert Street, Newcastle-under-Lyme. He is at rest in Premont British Cemetery, France
Private 100094 Thomas VICKERS 1st Sherwood Foresters, formerly Pte 76760 Derbyshire Yeomanry, died 30th April 1918. He may have been a prisoner of war having been buried in Berlin. He was born in Tunstall, Staffordshire 1898 to Moses and Sarah nee Baskeyfield In 1911 the family were living at 55 Well Street, Tunstall, Staffordshire. Some notes from what remains of his army record. He enlisted on the 22nd September 1916 into the Derbyshire Yeomanry aged 17 years and 10 months. He lived at 57, Well Street, Tunstall and was a railway porter. He was mobilized on the 12th March 1917, transferred to the Sherwood Foresters on the 24th December 1917 and allotted a new number. He embarked Folkstone and disembarked at Boulogne all the same day 24th December 1917. He was reported missing on the 23rd March 1918. he died a prisoner of war 30th April 1918. He is at rest in Berlin South Western Cemetery, Berlin, Germany
Private 90270 Albert Ernest WARD 8th Sherwood Foresters died 3rd October 1918. Born in Cheadle Staffordshire 1898 to William and Jane nee Bromley. In 1901 his mother was a widow who was now living with her children at Lee Lane, Cheadle, Staffordshire. 1911 his mother has remarried to William Percival Alcock and are now living at 41, Chapel Street, Cheadle His army record has almost been destroyed by the bombing over London 1944. He enlisted at the age of 17 on the 16th September 1916 and was living at 11 Bank Street, Cheadle and he gave his father William Percy as his next of kin, but his mother was a widow in 1901. He was mobilized on the 14th July 1917, In France on the 17th December 1917 and on the 18th joined D Coy. He is commemorated on the Vis-En-Artois Memorial, France
LOYAL NORTH LANCASHIRE REGIMENT
Lance Sergeant 27541 Reginald Francis KNAPPER 1st Loyal North Lancashire Regiment formerly Private 12732, North Staffordshire Regiment, killed in action 8th September 1918. He was born at Hanford, Staffordshire in 1891 to Henry William and Emma who in 1911 were living at 6, Church Street, Hanford. Some notes from what remains of his army record. He joined up on the 4th September 1914 at Lichfield and posted to the 8th North Staffords, New Battalion as private 12732. He was aged 23 and gave his occupation as a labourer. He was posted to France on the 18th July 1915 to the 18th January 1916 On the 10th January 1916 he was shot in the left knee and was treat at 57th Field Ambulance, then 2nd Casualty Clearing Station at Merriville on the 18th January and invalided to England the same day on Hospital Ship, Brighton from Calais. On the 5th September 1916 he was back in France where is was killed in action on the 8th September 1918. The 29th September 1916 he was posted from the North Staffords to the 7th Loyal North Lancs in the field He is at rest in Dury Crucifix Cemetery, France
Private 27519 John Thomas WHEELOCK 7th Loyal North Lancashire Regiment formerly 5820 North Staffordshire Regiment killed in action 28th January 1918. He was born at Rocester, Staffordshire He was born in 1889 at Rocester , Staffordshire to Thomas and Elizabeth . In 1911 his father was a widower and was living with his children at 87, Mill Street, Rocester. Some notes from what remains of his army records. He enlisted on the 5th December 1915 and was posted army reserve with the North Staffords. He gave his occupation as a railway platelayer and his age was given as 26 years and 6 months. His father, Thomas was his next of kin. He was mobilized on the 10th February 1916 and posted to the North Staffords and then transferred on the 2nd September 1916 into the Loyal North Lancs. He embarked Folkstone and disembarked at Boulogne the same day, 3rd September 1916. He is commemorated on the Thiepval Memorial, Somme, France
NORTHAMPTONSHIRE REGIMENT
Private 40473 Sydney HARRISON 6th Northamptonshire Regiment, formerly Private 32938, North Staffordshire Regiment died 22nd March 1918 aged 19. He was the son of William and Mary Elizabeth Harrison, of Woodford Cottage, Moisty Lane, Uttoxeter, Staffordshire. he is commemorated on the Pozieres Memorial, Somme, France
KING'S SHROPSHIRE LIGHT INFANTRY
Private204407 Frederick Charles CHALLINOR 1st King's Shropshire Light Infantry killed in action 21st March 1918 aged 21. He was the son of Ralph and Martha Henshall of Sandy Lane, Alsager, Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire. He is commemorated on the Arras Memorial, France
Private 10713 Robert FORD 5th King's Shropshire Light Infantry died of wounds 1st July 1915 aged 41. He was born in 1875 and was the brother of Charles of 2, Wesley Street, Fenton, Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire. His parents were Henry and Elizabeth who in 1881 were living at 17, Bakers Square, Fenton. In 1911 he was a boarder at the home of Joseph Brookes of 11, Water Street, Fenton. He was employed as a labourer in a pottery. He is at rest in Boulogne Eastern Cemetery, France
MIDDLESEX REGIMENT
Private L/16732 William Walter BLAKEMAN 12th Middlesex Regiment died 26th September 1916. He was born at Congleton Cheshire. In 1911 he was living with his parents James, Jessie and his siblings in Tan Yard Cheddleton Village, near Leek, Staffordshire. He was at the age of 15 a silk dyer labourer. He is at rest in Lonsdale cemetery, Authuille, Somme, France
KING'S ROYAL RIFLE CORPS
Private R/8402 Wilfred Lawrence HANCOCK 9th King's Royal Rifle Corps killed in action 25th May 1917 aged 23. He was the son of Arthur and Mary Elizabeth Hancock, of 7 Bower Street, Hanley, Stoke-on-Trent, Stafffordshire. In 1911 he was an errand boy aged 16 for a boot manufacturer. He is at rest in Wancourt British Cemetery, France
Private R/11627 Ernest William HENDRICK, 9th King's Royal Rifle Corps killed in action 7th July 1916 aged 38. He was the son of Mrs. R. MacKenzie (formerly Hendrick), of 51, Princes St., Dunstable, Beds. Born at Barnsbury, London and enlisted at Stoke on Trent Staffordshire. In 1911 he was a boarder at the home of Louis Rothwell od 29 Corporation Street, Stoke on Trent and by occupation was and Electric Crane Driver for the North Staffordshire Railways. He is at rest in Faubourg D'Amiens Cemetery, Arras, France
Private 13207 James Francis NEWMAN 12 King's Royal Rifle Corps killed in action 26th February 1917. Some notes from what remains of his army records.He was born at Uttoxeter on the 15th January 1898 to James and Annie of 22, Darnley Street, Shelton, Stoke on Trent Staffordshire and by occupation was a silk flusher helper. On the 4th March 1916 he joined the King's Royal Rifles at Winchester and after his training embarked Southampton on the 29th January 1917 disembarked at Havre the next day. He was sent to the 1st Infantry Base Depot and posted to the 2nd Battalion the same day, 30th. On the 20th February from the 2nd he was posted to the 13 Battalion. On the 26th February 1917 he was killed in action. He is commemorated on the Thiepval Memorial, Somme, France
NORTH STAFFORDSHIRE REGIMENT
Sergeant 2882 Philip Hawley BAGNALL 1/5th North Staffordshire Regiment killed in action 30th September 1915. He was born in Stoke on Trent in 1885 to Richard and Catherine Jane , Staffordshire and is at rest in Railway Cutting Cemetery, Larch Wood, Belgium
Sergeant 202137 Samuel George BEARDMORE 1st North Staffordshire Regiment died 3rd August 1917 aged 26. He was the son of Samuel and Mary Beardmore, of Forsbrook, Blythe Bridge, Stoke-on-Trent. Enlisted in 1914. He is at rest in Boulogne Eastern Cemetery, France
Corporal (CWGC has Pte) 13524 John JERVIS C Coy, 1/6th North Staffordshire Regiment died 29th September 1918 aged 22. He was the son of John and Eliza of 49, Anchor Road, Longton, Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire. He is commemorated on the Vis-En-Artois Memorial, France
Corporal (CWGC has L/Cpl) 7941 Alfred James WILKINSON 1st North Staffordshire Regiment killed in action 26th November 1916. He was born in 1886 and in 1911 was stationed with the North Staffordshire Regiment in India. He is commemorated on the Loos Memorial, France
Lance Corporal 4017 Arthur CROMPTON 1/5th North Staffordshire Regiment killed in action 13th October 1915. He was born in 1890 at Burslem to Arthur and Harriet and in 1911 he was living with his parents at Ivy House, Longport, Burslem, Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire and employed as a railway clerk . Some notes from remains of his army record. He enlisted on the 26th January 1915 and was appointed the rank of Lance Corporal on the 12th July 1915. he embarked Southampton on the 18th August 1915 and disembarked at Rouen the next day. His parents at the time of his death were living at Wharf House, Longport, Stoke on Trent. He was reported missing, killed in action. His brother Sergeant 528021 Frank of Signal Company, Royal Engineers was in France. and survived the war. He is commemorated on the Loos Memorial, France
Lance Corporal 17900 Robert Bruce KNIGHT 7th North Staffordshire Regiment attached to the 9th Worcestershire Regiment. Died at Mesopotamia on the 18th May 1916 He was born at Uttoxeter in 1897 to Robert Bruce and Elizabeth in 1911 lived at 31, Cheadle Road, Uttoxeter. He was employed aged 14 as a draper's errand boy. He is at rest in Basra War Cemetery, Iraq
Lance Corporal 2940 Edward Stanley Montague MASSEY 1/5th North Staffordshire Regiment killed in action 13th October 1915 aged 22. He was born at Leek Staffordshire in 1890 and was the son of John Proudlove Massey and Annie May nee Baker of Lichfield Street, Newcastle under Lyme, Staffordshire . In 1911 he was living at the home of Jane Baker at 71, Lichfield Street, Hanley, Staffordshire and was employed as a railway clerk. He is commemorated on the Loos Memorial, France
Private 6182 William Henry ADAMS 1st North Staffordshire Regiment killed in action 25th April 1916 aged 33. Burton on Trent He was the son of Sarah Ann Adams, of 15, Victoria Road, Burton-on-Trent, Staffs. Served in the South African Campaign. He is at rest in Dranoutre Military Cemetery, Belgium
Private 13772 Samuel BEARDSLEY 8th North Staffordshire Regiment died 20th September 1917. Born at Penkhull Staffordshire in 1888 to Samuel and Lucy of Penkhull Square, Stoke on Trent . Some notes from what remains of his army record. He joined up on the 8th September 1914 at Lichfield, Staffordshire aged 26 years and 48 days and was posted to A Reserve North Staffordshire Regiment Depot, Tidworth. Lived at 27, Harley Hill, Hartshill, Stoke on Trent and gave his occupation as a labourer. He married Gertrude Kelsall on the 3rd May 1914 at Holy Trinity Church, Hartshill and at this time they were living at 27 Stanley Road, Stoke on Trent. From the Deputy Assistant Adjutant General (D.A.A.G.) he was transferred to 278 Railway Company, Royal Engineers and was allotted a new number from D.A.A.G. as 153092 in the field on the 12th March 1916. He had previously signed the application for transfer to Royal Engineers as a platelayer His father had moved to 43, Mayo Street, Stoke on Trent. he was reported missing presumed dead as Sapper on the 20th September 1917 in France He is commemorated on the Tyne Cot memorial, Belgium
Private 1630 William Charles BELL 1/5th North Staffordshire Regiment died 20th June 1917. He was the son of Joseph and Rosina of 42 Old Stoke Road, Hartshill, Stoke on Trent. In 1911 his father was widowed and he was now living at 21, Thomas Street, Hartshill. William was working with his father for the North Staffordshire Railway Company, William was a machinist. Some notes from what remains of his army record. He joined up aged 18 on the 3rd March 1911. He did his annual camp. 6th August 1911 to 20 August 1911, Camp at Abergavenny 4th August 1912 to 18th August 1912 Camp, Mon Street, !!
He embarked Southampton on the 2nd March 1915 and disembarked at Havre On the 3rd June 1915 he was admitted to No8 Casualty Clearing Station, Bailleul. The 8th June he was in No2 General Hospital at Harve and on the 16th June 1915 he was sent to England suffering from Haematuria (Tuberculosis Kidney) He was discharged from the army on the 4th August 1915 under Para (392) King's Regulations XVI. He died from his complaint on the 20th June 1917 and is at rest in Hartshill Cemetery, Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire
Private 19137 Henry BOON 7th North Staffordshire Regiment died 25th January 1917. He was born at Penkhull Stoke on Trent and he is at rest in Amara War Cemetery, Iraq Some notes from what remains of his army record. He joined up on the 8th November 1915 aged 24 years and posted into the army reserve. His mother Frances was his next of kin and she lived with her husband Arthur at 5, Park Street, Stoke on Trent . He embarked Devonport on the 7th June 1916 and disembarked at Basra on the 4th July 1916. His brother Ernest also served in the army and fought in Salonica .
Private 15971 Ernest BRIDGWOOD 7th North Staffordshire Regiment died 12th September 1915 aged 20. He was the son of John and Hannah Elizabeth Bridgewood, of Waterhouses , Staffordshire. There are only a few pieces of his army record left. He joined up on the 17th December 1914 at Stoke on Trent aged 19years and 6 months and was employed as a railway clerk. He embarked for the Mediterranean on the 15th August 1915 and he died of Dysentery on the 12th September 1915. He is commemorated on the Helles memorial, Turkey and Gallipoli
Private 8284 Thomas CARTLIDGE A Company 1st North Staffordshire Regiment died 21st March 1918 aged 28. He was the son of Mrs. Mary Ann Cartlidge, of 57, Stoke Old Road, Hartshill, Stoke-on-Trent. A Reservist. He is commemorated on the Pozieres memorial, Somme, France.
Private 11764 James ELLIS 8th North Staffordshire Regiment died 30th March 1918. He was born at Wolstanton, Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire and is at rest in Etaples Military Cemetery, France
Private 203205 Francis Thomas FORRESTER 8th North Staffordshire Regiment died 18th April 1918 aged 20. He was the son of Thomas and Lilly Ann Forrester, 57, Richmond Street, Penkhull, Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire. Some notes from what remains of his army record. He joined up under the Railway Reserve Group system on the 28th May 1916 aged 18 years and 4 months. he was working as a clerk at Etruria station, Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire. He embarked and disembarked for France on the 28th March 1918 and he was killed in action in France on the 18th April 1918. His father was his next of kin. He is commemorated on the Tyne Cot Memorial, Belgium
Private 14927 Arthur FRANKLIN, D Company 7th North Staffordshire Regiment died 2nd February 1917 aged 20. He was the son of Robert and Sarah of 3 Station Cottages Rolleston-on-Dove, Burton-on-Trent, Staffordshire. Some notes from what remains of his army record. He enlisted on the 19th October 1914 and on the 23rd October 1914 he was at the North Staffs Depot. He was aged 19 years and 1 month and was a railway lamp man formerly railway porter. He embarked for Gallipoli on the 14th November 1915 He was wounded three times. 23rd September 1915 shot in the leg. 13th January 1916 shrapnel wound to his left side . 26th January 1917 he was shot in the back and was admitted to 15 Canadian General Hospital dangerously ill. He died oh his wounds on the 2nd of his wounds on the 2nd Febryary 1917 at the same hospital. He is at rest in Amara War Cemetery, Iraq
Private 12140 Benjamin GOLDSTRAW 9th North Staffordshire Regiment killed in action 13th August 1916 aged 38. Born at Whiston, Staffordshire and was the son of Benjamin and Annie of Whiston. He is at rest in Flatiron Copse Cemetery, Mametz, Somme, France
Private J GOODWIN North Staffordshire Regiment (There are several 'J' listed with the CWGC) Searches on Ancestry did not show any connection with the railways, but all are local to Stoke Station.
Private 3644 James HAZLEHURST D Company 1/5th North Staffordshire Regiment died of wounds 14th July 1915 aged 26. He was the son of George and Annie. Born at Hilderstone near Stone, Staffordshire. Some notes from what remains of his army records. He joined up on the 10th October 1914. He gave his address as 40, Mollart Street, Hanley and was working for the railways. He gave his father, George who was living at South View, Hilderstone, near Stone, Staffordshire as his next of kin. he had his medical on the same day he enlisted at Shelton Drill Hall and found fit. He embarked Southampton on the 2nd March 1915 disembarked at Havre the next day 3rd. 1st June her received a minor shell wound to his face which was treated at 3rd North Midlands Field Ambulance and he returned to light duties on the 3rd June 1916 On the 11th July 1915 he was shot in the shoulder. He was treat again at 3rd North Midlands Field Ambulance then transferred to No 5 Casualty Clearing Station, Hazelbrough on the 12th and he died of his wounds on the 14th still at No 5 Casualty Clearing Station. He is at rest in Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery, Belgium
Private W HILL North Staffordshire Regiment
There is only one 'W' listed with the CWGC .He is a Lieutenant Walter Edward HILL, 3rd attached to the 1st North Staffordshire Regiment killed in action 23rd September 1914 aged 22 He was born at Dorchester and lived at 68 Kingsgate Street, Winchester
Private W H HOLLINS North Staffordshire Regiment (There are 2, both William and living at Newcastle- under- Lyme
(1) Private 17604 William HOLLINS 7th North Staffordshire Regiment died 9th May 1916 aged 29 He was the son of William and Hannah of 10, Elliott Street, Newcastle-under-Lyme, Staffordshire. He joined up on the 25 May 1915 aged 28 years and 6 months living at the above address and by occupation was a Potters Colour Mixer. His father, William was his next of kin. On the 7th December 1915 he was a black day for him He was tried Court Martial in the field for the offence of sleeping at his post when acting as a sentry at Gallipoli on the 3rd December 1915. He was found guilty and sentenced to death by being shot. His sentenced was commuted to 5 years penal servitude and suspended. Signed General O .C. Munro dated 17th December 1915. He is commemorated on the Basra Memorial, Iraq.
Or Private 21092 William HOLLINS 1st North Staffordshire Regiment, formerly 62993, Royal Army Medical Corps, killed in action 14th July 1916. He was the son of William George (signalman) and Jane Eliza of 10, Freehold Street, London Road, formerly of 55, Victoria Street both in Newcastle-under-Lyme, Staffordshire. Prior to enlistment he was a goods porter for the railway and he lived at the above address and joined up at the age 23 years and 10 months. He was in France on the 18th June 1916. He is at rest in La Plus Douve Annex Ration Farm, Hainaut, Belgium.
Private 5151 David HUGHES 1st North Staffordshire Regiment killed in action 5th December 1914 He was born in Flint, Flintshire and enlisted at Longton, Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire and was the husband of Rosa Nellie Edwards formerly Hughes of Golden Square, New Romney, Kent. He is commemorated on the Ploegsteert Memorial, Hainaut, Belgium
Private 17968 Albert Edward JONES 7 North Staffordshire Regiment killed in action 7th July 1916. Born in Hanley Staffordshire in 1889 to William and Mary Jane nee Stedman.( His father in 1911 gave an occupation as carriage man North Staffs Railway). Some notes from remains of his army records. He joined up on the 14th November 1915 into the 7th Battalion. He was aged 26 years and 6 months employed as an engineman winder. He was living with his wife Annie Elizabeth nee Munn who he married in 1915 at St Luke's Church, Wellington, Stoke on Trent at 88, Wellington Road, Hanley. His mother Mary Jane was living at 92, Bucknall Old Road, Hanley, Staffordshire He was mobilized on the 14th November 1915 and sent to the Mediterranean where he was killed in action . He left a widow and two children, Annie born 7th September 1913 and Hilda born 24th March 1915. He is commemorated on the Helles memorial, Turkey and Gallipoli
OR Private 17095 Albert Edward JONES 8th North Staffordshire Regiment died 19th November 1916. Born in Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire in 1895 to Albert and Emily nee Beardmore. Some notes from what remains of his army records. He joined up on the 7th September 1914 aged 19 lived with his parents at 38, South Street, Mount Pleasant, Fenton and was employed as a engine cleaner. (most likely a loco) He was posted to the 10th Battalion on the 31st October 1914. He was in France with the 8th Battalion from the 3rd August 1915 and was killed in action on the 19th November 1916. His effects were sent to his father who was living at 25, Cambridge Street, Fenton. He is at rest in Regina Trench Cemetery, Grandcourt, Somme, France (Auth, It could be either soldier who is commemorated on the memorial)
Private11878 Ernest MASON 8th North Staffordshire Regiment killed in action 19th November 1916 aged 21. He was the son of George Henry. and Martha Harriett Mason, of 20, King's Terrace, Basford, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffs. Native of Newcastle-under-Lyme, Staffs. Also served at Gallipoli. He is at rest in Connaught Cemetery, Thiepval, Somme, France
Private 241294 Tom MERREY (Memorial has MERRY) 1/6th North Staffordshire Regiment killed in action 1st July 1916 on the Somme. He was born at Tutbury Staffordshire in 1899 to Tom and Amy who in 1911 were living at 55, Monk Street, Tutbury, Staffordshire. He is commemorated on the Thiepval Memorial, Somme, France (Note, his birth surname is MERREY)
Private 3251 Christopher MITFORD 1/5th North Staffordshire Regiment, killed in action 13th October 1915 aged 22. he was the son of Christopher and Rosa of Yew Cottage, lawton Road, Alsager, Stoke on Trent. he is commemorated on the Loos memorial, France
Private 11930 Charlie PLANT 8th North Staffordshire Regiment killed in action 4th august 1916 aged 26. He was born at Stoke-on-Trent and was the son of Charles and Ann Jane nee Trickett of Longcroft Villa, Westham, Weymouth. He is at rest in De Cusine ravine british Cemetery, Basseux, France
Private 4256 Michael Henry SALT 1/6th North Staffordshire Regiment killed in action ed 1st July 1916 aged 23. He was the son of Michael and Mary Ann of The Station House, Stretton, Burton on Trent, Staffordshire. Some notes from what remains of his army records. He joined up on the15th October 1915 and lived at Railway Crossing House, Stretton with his parents. His father was the Station Master and they formerly lived at 66, Beech Lane Stretton. He embarked Southampton on the 1st April 1916 and disembarked at Havre on the 2nd and joined his unit in the field on the 10th April. He is commemorated on the Thiepval Memorial, Somme, France
Private7797 Edmund SELWOOD 1st North Staffordshire Regiment died of wounds 14th April 1915 He was born at Swinnerton, Staffordshire in 1886 to William James and Maud Isabel of Swinnerton. In 1911 he was stationed in India with the North Staffords. he is at rest in Erquinghem-Lys Churchyard Extension, France
Private 202979 Frederick Henry SHIPLEY 2/5th North Staffordshire Regiment killed in action 27th September 1917 aged 19. He was born at Cobridge, Stoke on Trent, and was the son of Enoch and Alice Shipley, of Morehouse Farm, Alsager, Stoke-on-Trent. Native of Hanley. In 1911 he was living with his parents and siblings at 29, selwyn Street, Hanley and aged 13 he was at the Railway bookstall as a newsboy. Some notes from what remains of his army record. he joined up on the 29th November 1916 at Lichfield aged 18 years 1 month and posted to the army reserve as private 7437. He was employed at a Railway parcel porter and was living with his parents at 30, March Street, Hanley. On the 27th November 1916 he was mobilized to the 5th battalion and sent to the depot on the 31st January 1917 he was transferred to the 2/5th battalion. He embarked Folkestone and disembarked at Boulogne the same day 25th February 1917. He was in hospital, no reason given on the 13th March 1917 and returned to his unit in the field on the 23rd March 1917. 27th September 1917 he was wounded , "now reported killed in action" the same day. He is at rest in Bridge House Cemetery, Belgium
Private 2960 Simeon SIMS 1/5th North Staffordshire Regiment died of wounds 16th July 1915 aged 34. He was the son of Simeon and Rachel Sims, of Horton, near. Leek and husband of Annie Sims, of 42, Shoobridge Street, Leek, Staffordshire. he is at rest in Etaples Military cemetery, France
Private 2522 Bertram Philip TAFT 1/6th North Staffordshire Regiment died 13th October 1915 aged 17 He was the son of John Thomas and Annie of the New Inn, Bramshall, near Uttoxeter, Staffordshire. Some notes from what remains of his army record. He joined up aged 18 and was living at 91, Smithfield Road, Uttoxeter and was employed by the North Staffordshire Railway as a clerk. He embarked from Southampton on the 4th March 1915 and disembarked at Havre the next day 5th. He was killed in action on the 13th October 1915. He is commemorated on the Loos Memorial, France
Lance Corporal (Memorial has Private) 12892 Colin THORLEY North Staffordshire Regiment died of wounds 31st March 1918 aged 30. He was the son of James of 28, Nursery Street, Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire. He is at rest in Etaples Military Cemetery, France
Private 3425 James Samuel TUNSTALL 1/5th North Staffordshire Regiment killed in action 13th October 1915 aged 18. He was born in 1895 to William John and Elizabeth Tunstall, of 129, Oxford Road, Basford Park, Stoke-on-Trent. Some notes from what remains of his army record. He joined up on the 21st September 1914 aged 17 years and 33 days and posted to the 5th battalion. His occupation prior to enlistment was a baker. He embarked at Southampton on the 4th March 1915 and disembarked at Havre the next day 5th. He was reported missing presumed killed in action on the 13th October 1915 in France and he was taken off the strength of the battalion on the 21st June 1916. He is commemorated on the Loos Memorial, France
Private 7600 William WEATHERALL 1st North Staffordshire Regiment died of wounds 21st December 1914 aged 34. he was the husband of Alice Haylings (formerly Weatherall), of 722, Hartshill Road, Hartshill, Stoke-on-Trent. he is at rest in Bailleul Communal Cemetery, Nord, France
DURHAM LIGHT INFANTRY
Private 77040 William Edgar WOOD 1/7th Durham Light Infantry died 28th March 1918 aged 35. He was the son of William and Sarah Jane Wood, of Roy Villa, Acton, Newcastle-under-Lyme and husband of Florence Mary Wood, of 12, Florence Street, Newcastle-under-Lyme, Staffordshire. Some notes from what remains of his army record. He enlisted on the 30th November 1915 into the army reserve as Sapper 179533, Royal Engineers. he was aged 33 and gave his occupation as a painter, employed by North Staffs Railway Company. He gave his wife Florence May nee Sherratt who he married at Butterton Church, Newcastle under Lyme in April 1012. and they lived at 12, Florence Street, Newcastle, Staffs. They had two children. Kenneth Ray born 29th March 1913 and Eric Stanley born 11th August 1916 both at Newcastle under Lyme. He was Mobilized on the 12th June 1916 and sent to the Depot of the Royal Engineers. He embarked Folkestone on the 17th September 1917 and transferred to the 11th Battalion Durham Light Infantry. On the 21st September 1917 he was reposted to the 7th Battalion. On the 28th October 1917 he was gassed by mustard gas and treated at 4th Casualty Clearing Station, the on the 30th October 1917 he was at the 12th General Hospital, Rouen. 11th November 1917 he was at the 2nd Convalescence Depot Rouen. He was discharged to 35th Infantry Base Depot arriving on the 4th January 1918 for dispersal to his unit. He rejoined his unit in the field on the 23rd January 1918. 28th March 1918 he was killed in action. He worked for the Railway between 1911 and 1916 and was born an bred in Newcastle-under-Lyme He is commemorated
Newcastle Borough’s Book of Remembrance (in Newcastle Library), in St. George’s Church Newcastle, on the NSR Memorial at Stoke Station, on the Seaburn TA Centre, Dykelands Road, Sunderland Memorial and
on the Pozieres Memorial, Somme, France
ROYAL IRISH FUSILIERS
Private 8806 Frederick KAY 1st Royal Irish Fusiliers died 7th Nay 1917. He was born in Longton, Staffordshire and is commemorated on the Arras Memorial, France
RIFLE BRIGADE
Lance Corporal 50083 Frederick POINTON 2/10th Rifle Brigade, formerly 117920 R.F.C. killed in action 12th October 1918 aged 19. He was born in Stoke on Trent and was the son of Arthur and Edith of 33, The Square, St. Anne's-on-Sea, Lancashire. formerly of in 1911, 49, West Brampton, Newcastle under Lyme, Staffordshire. He is commemorated on the Vis-En-Artois Memorial, France
MACHINE GUN CORPS
Corporal 21845 Richard CHEETHAM Machine Gun Corps, formerly 2695, North Staffordshire Regiment killed in action 29th April 1918 aged 24. He was the son of Ms. Elizabeth Kerswell Cheetham, of 94, Boughey Road, Shelton, Stoke-on-Trent. formerly in 1911 of 123 Thornton Road, Hanley and he was employed as a railway clerk. His mother appears to be unmarried in the 1911. She died in 1941 at the North Staffordshire Royal Infirmary a spinster. He is at rest in St Marys Churchyard, Astbury, Cheshire
Gunner (Pte) 44740 Albert Edward GRIFFITHS 124th Machine Gun Corps died 8th October 1916. Born in Hanley, Staffordshire in 1892 to William and Mary nee Davies won in 1911 were all living at 1, Dover Street, Birches head, Hanley, Staffordshire. Some notes from what remains of his army records. he enlisted on the 13th December 1915 to the Army Reserve and the mobilized to the Depot on the 19th May 1916 as gunner. He was aged 23 years and 9 months lived with his parents at 1. Dover Street, and was a railway porter. In 1916 he married Nellie nee Peacock at Stoke on Trent Registry Office. and was living prior and after his death at 75, Grove Street, Leek, Staffordshire. She remarried to a Mr Finn and she then lived at 49, Hodge Bower, Iron Bridge, Salop. He embarked Folkstone on the 13th September 1916 and disembarked at Boulogne the next day. Joined the same day at Camiers 1, Base Depot and on the 22nd September 1916 joined his unit in the field. 8th October 1916 he was killed in action. He is commemorated on the Thiepval memorial, Somme, France
Private 81972 Philip HOUSON 51st Machine Gun Corps died 22nd July 1918. Born at St Helens Lancashire to Wallace and Martha May who in 1920 were residing at 62 Keary Street, Stoke on Trent. Some notes from remains of his army records. He joined up at Scarborough on the 5th September 1915 and posted to the army reserve. He was aged 20 years and 246 day working as a Steam Hammer Driver for the Railway works. He was living with his wife Cicely nee Parkes later to become Mrs Bond, who he married at Stoke on Trent Registry Office on the 10th November 1914 and lived at 62, Fletcher Road, Stoke on Trent. When he joined up he was Private28456, 13th Reserve Cavalry Regiment B Squadron, then 27th March 1915 Private 7605, D Company, 16th Service Battalion, Manchester Regiment, Belton Park, Grantham. Then on the 5th December 1916 as private 81972, 140 Coy, Machine Gun Corps later transferred to 51st Company. He embarked Folkstone for France on the 13th February 1917 disembarked at Boulogne the same day On the 14th February he was a Infantry Base Depot at Camiers from where he was sent to join the 140 Machine Gun Corps in the field on the 27th February 1917 and was admitted to 4th London Field Ambulance suffering with Pyrexia and on the 27th June 1917 he was admitted to the New Zealand Stationary Hospital , France
15th July 1917 he was wounded (not stated what sort) and was admitted to 11th General Hospital, Dannes and then to England on the 23rd July 1917 on hospital ship (location and ship not stated)
He was discharged from hospital given sick leave and then posted on the18th March 1918 back to his unit in the field in France on the 27th March 1918 and was killed in action. He was the father of three children, Cicely May born 10th November 1914, Wallace born 7th July 1916 and Phyllis who was born and died of congenital syphilis contracted from her mother on the 31st January 1919 at Stoke on Trent aged 2 months. He is at rest in Le Neuville-Aux-Larris Military Cemetery, Marne, France
ROYAL ARMY SERVICE CORPS
Private M/302798 Arthur WILDE Mechanical Transport (Grove Park) Royal Army Service Corps, died 14th April 1917 aged 26. Born at Whitmore in 1891 to Henry and Sarah of Madeley, Staffordshire. Some notes from what remains of his army record. He joined up on the 22nd November 1915 and posted to the army reserve, aged 24 years and 7 months. He was living at Sparrow Terrace, Porthill, Stoke on Trent and was a railway carter by occupation. His mother, Sarah who lived at Onnley Lane, Madeley was his next of kin. He was mobilised on the and sent the M.T. Army Service Corps Depot at Grove Park. On the 21st March 1917 On the 9th April 1917. "He was admitted to the Royal Herbert Hospital, Woolwich suffering from Lobar Pneumonia the whole of right side. His condition rapidly became worse and he died of cardiac failure on the 14th April 1917. His disease was contracted since enlistment, not due to military service.
He is at rest in All saints Churchyard, Madeley, Staffordshire
ROYAL ARMY MEDICAL CORPS
Private 119649 William BEECH Royal Army Medical Corps died 27th May 1920 aged 22. He is at rest in Christ Church Churchyard, Alsager, Cheshire
LEICESTERSHIRE YEOMANARY
Trooper 256459 Archibald BOURNE 2/1st Leicestershire Yeomanry died 27th August 1917 aged 19. He was the son of Frederick and Avis. In 1911 he was living with his parents at 17, Temple Street, Basford, Stoke on Trent. He is at rest in Hartshill Cemetery, Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire
The memorial is the entrance to the South Bound platform on the pillars. You have to go onto the platform, no charge.
Stoke on Trent Railway Station War Memorial
South Bound Platform
All information is provided in good faith but, on occasions errors may occur. Should this be the case, if new information can be verified please supply it to the author and corrections will then be made.
This memorial has been compiled with additional information by kind permission of the Commonwealth War Graves Commission
Also from Ancestry.co.uk
ROYAL NAVY
Able Seaman Mersey Z/634 William Bertram McINNERNY, H.M.S. Indefatigable, Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve died at sea 31st May 1916 when the ship was sunk on 31 May 1916 during the Battle of Jutland by German battlecruiser Von der Tan. Only two of the crew of 1,019 survived He was born on the 2nd September 1897 to Francis and Esther who at the time of his death were living at 16, Campbell Road, Stoke on Trent. In 1901 they were living at 50, Selwyn Street, Stoke on Trent. He is commemorated on the Plymouth Naval Memorial, Devon. (Memorial has B.W.)
Able Seaman R/5175 William Rupert PEAKE Nelson Battalion, Royal Naval Division killed in action on the 14th December 1917 aged 21. He was the son of Thomas and Mary Ellen of 361 Newcastle Street, Burslem. Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire. In 1911 he was living with his parents and siblings at 15, Shirley Street, Burslem. he was employed as a Potters attendant and dish maker. He is commemorated on the Thiepval memorial, Somme, France
Able Seaman R/5071 Samuel WILSON, Anson Battalion Royal Naval Division killed in action on the 27th September 1918. He was born on the 18th September 1897 to Mrs A W Wilson of 7, Gregory Street, Longton, Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire. In 1911 he was living with his widowed mother, Alice and sister, Sarah h at No 3 Court, 1 Gregory Street, Longton. At the age of 13 he was employed as a railway labourer. He is at rest in Sucrerie British Cemetery, Graincourt-Les-Havrincourt, France
ROYAL HORSE ARTILLERY
Bombardier W L ORGAN No W L or W ORGAN serving with the stated regiment listed with the CWGC
ROYAL FIELD ARTILLERY
Sergeant 805233 Arthur BICKERTON D Battery 231st Brigade Royal Field Artillery killed in action 9th August 1917 aged 21. He was the son of Samuel and Hannah of 61, Honeywall, Penkhukll, Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire. In 1911 he was an apprentice joiner and his father worked for the railways as a wheelwright. He is at rest in Fosse No10 Communal Cemetery Extension, Sains-En-Gohelle, France
Gunner 185495 John DARLINGTON 38th Divisional Ammunition Column, Royal Field Artillery died 21st May 1918 aged 19. He was the son of Mrs Sarah Jane Darlington nee Peake of 16, Wilks Street, Tunstall, Staffordshire. His father was called Frederick William In 1911 his wife and children were living at 10, Goodfellow Street, Tunstall , his father was visiting his brother at 46 King's Street, Tunstall. He is at rest in Etaples Military Cemetery, France
Gunner 129122 Thomas NIXON D Battery 46th Brigade Royal Field Artillery killed in action 20th May 1917 aged 22. He was the son of Charles and Annie Louisa of Cheadle Road, Forsbrook, Staffordshire. formerly on in 1911, Draycott Lane, Forsbrook. He was employed as a railway porter. He is commemorated on the Arras Memorial, France
Gunner 221867 Walter WICKS 51st Battery, 39th Brigade, Royal Field Artillery died 29th September 1918 aged 21. He was the son of John and Mary Ann of Station House, 6, Albert Road, Fenton Manor Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire. he was working at the age of 14 as a commission agent clerk. at a pottery manufacturer. He is at rest in Brie British Cemetery, France
Driver Joseph GITTENS (No J GITTENS serving with the stated unit listed with the CWGC) Driver Died in 1919 of war wounds. He was the son of Emily and Alfred of 15, Newcastle Street, Penkhull, Stoke on Trent. In 1911 he was employed as an invoice for the North Staffordshire Railway goods wagon department in Stoke on Trent
Driver Cyril Scarlett JACKSON. Sapper 491962 46th Divisional Signal Company, Royal Engineers, formerly Driver 2590 and 805036 Royal Field Artillery . He died 8th November 1918. He was the son of Bertie and Ada Hartshill, Stoke on Trent
ROYAL GARRISON ARTILLERY
Gunner 127128 Walter Farmer ASTILL 66th Siege Battery, Royal Garrison Artillery died 30th November 1917. He was born in 1885 at Burton on Trent to Charles and Annie who in 1901 were living at 19, Havlock Street, Stoke on Trent. In 1911 he was visiting the Crown Hotel , Cats Hill, Bromsgrove, Worcestershire, and he was employed as a locomotive fireman. He is at rest in White House Cemetery, St jean-Les-Ypres, Belgium
Gunner 64242 William BADDELEY 319 Siege Battery, Royal Garrison Artillery died of wounds 25th April 1918. He was born at Bucknall, Stoke on Trent, and he is at rest in the Bandaghem Military Cemetery, Haringhe, Belgium
Gunner 143438 Thomas BERRY 151st Siege Battery, Royal Garrison Artillery killed in action 28th March 1918. He was born in Stoke on Trent and he may have been the son of Richard and Fanny who in 1911 lived at 6, Pleasant Row, Stoke on Trent. he was a potters mould presser. He is at rest in Faubourg D'Amiens Cemetery, Arras, France
Gunner 313153 Harry Lyngatt MAGUIRE 1/2nd (London) Heavy Battery, Royal Garrison Artillery died of wounds 4th September 1918 aged 27. he was the son of John Thomas and Annie Elizabeth (in 1911) of 51 Vine Street, Stoke on Trent. He was working in the Goods Warehouse of the North Staffs Railway Co. He was born at Leek, Staffordshire and he is at rest in Mont Huon Military Cemetery, Le Treport, France
ROYAL ENGINEERS
Company Sergeant Major 492456 James Thomas BAKER, Signal Training Centre, Royal Engineers died 15th February 1919 aged 30. He was the son of Robert James and Evelyn Baker, of 57, Beresford Street, Shelton, Stoke-on-Trent. He is at rest in Hanley Cermetery, Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire
Lance Corporal WR/ 270642 James EARDLEY 263rd Railway Company ,Royal Engineers died 3rd November 1918. He was born in Burslem, Staffordshire and is at rest in St. Sever Cemetery Extension, Rouen, France
Sapper 488142 Henry Thomas ASHCROFT 13th Reinforcement Coy, Royal Engineers died 6th July 1917. He was born in 1889 to Thomas and Alice. In 1911 his parents were living at 19, Wilson Street, Stoke on Trent and he was a steam train driver. Henry in 1911 was married to Linda nee Bratton who he married in 1909 in Stoke on Trent Registry Office he was employed as a joiner for the North Staffs Railway Company. He is at rest in St. Germain-Au-Mont-D'or Communal Cemetery, Rhone, France
Sapper 486100 Henry BIRD 132nd Army Troops Coy, Royal Engineers killed in action 21st March 1918 aged 23. He was the son of William Roderick Bird and Ann Elizabeth Bird, of 25, Guildford Street, Shelton, Stoke-on-Trent. Native of Hanley, Staffordshire. He is at rest in Bucquoy Road Cemetery, Ficheux, France
Sapper 267704 Sidney Robert BLOOD 17th Divisional Signal Company, Royal Engineers died 30th October 1918 at Mesopotamia aged 22. He was born in Cheadle Staffordshire and was the son of Robert and Gertrude of Tean, Staffordshire. He is at rest in North Gate War cemetery, Baghdad, Iraq.
Sapper 303 Sydney BRERETON 1st North Midlands Field Company, Royal Engineers died of wounds 21st April 1916 aged 22. he was the son of Mary Ann Jones of 30, Stoke Road, Shelton, Stoke on Trent. and late John Brereton. He is at rest in Ecoivres Military Cemetery, Mont-St. Eloi, France
Sapper 259271 Douglas CHATFIELD 26th Brigade. (A.F.A.) Australian Field Artillery Signal Sub. Section, Royal Engineers , formery 195739, Royal Army Service Corps. Killed in action 6th September1918 aged 21. He was born in Talke, Staffordshire and was the son of John Thomas and Hannah Elizabeth, of Station House, Kidsgrove, Stoke-on-Trent. Native of Talke, Stoke-on-Trent. In 1911 the family were living at 243 Congleton Road, Talke. His father was a railway signalman. He is at rest in Sun Quarry Cemetery, Cherisy, France
Sapper140859 John GEORGE 126th Field Company, Royal Engineers killed in action 22nd March 1918. He was the son of John and Sarah of Market Drayton, Shropshire. In 1911 he was now married to Alice and they were living with their children at 73, Cheshire Street, Market Drayton. he was a railway labourer.
Some notes from what remains of his army record. He joined up on the 13th November 1915 Gave his occupation as a permanent way layer (train track) and he was living at 73, Cheshire Street. he married Alice Williams on the 27th September 1900 at Market Drayton. He was given permission to join His Majesty's Forces from The Engineer of North Staffordshire Railway, Stoke Station to him at the relaying gang, Uttoxeter Station. On the 20th November 1916 he embarked for France and on the 22nd March 1918 he was killed in action in the field. His parents John and Sarah were living at 77, Cheshire Street. He is commemorated on the Pozieres Memorial, Somme, France
Sapper 488460 John GOODWIN 455th Field Company, Royal Engineers killed in action 12th April 1918 aged 27. He was born at Fenton Staffordshire and was the son of George an Annie . He is commemorated on the Ploegstreet Memorial, Hainaut Belgium.
Sapper 95912 Bertram MARTIN 179th Tunnelling Company, Royal Engineers killed in action 26th August 1916. He was born at Uttoxeter, Staffordshire in 1891 and was the son of Thomas and Lizzie of Bradley Street, Uttoxeter. In 1911 his parents and siblings were now at 42, Derby Road, Uttoxeter. Bertram is was not at home but was visiting a friend at Hixon, Staffordshire. He was employed at a locomotive foreman. (The 1911 census have Marian) He is at rest in Albert Communal Cemetery Extension, Somme, France
Sapper WR/210632 William Herbert MILLARD Royal Engineers died13th February 1919 aged 26. He was the son of William and Louisa Millard, of 80, Trentham Road, Penkhull, Stoke-on-Trent. In 1911 he was living with his parents and siblings at Garden Village, Trentham Road, Penkhull and he was employed as a railway clerk. He is at rest in Hartshill Cemetery, Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire
Sapper 492490 George SILLITOE 31st Air Line Section, Royal Engineers (From Grumphy, GWF "these people were responsible for the wires along which signals, telephones etc were transmitted IN THE AIR, ie not below ground"). He died on the 14th October 1918 aged 23. He was the son of William and Sarah Ann of Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire. he is at rest in Terlincthun British Cemetery, Wimille, France
Sapper 439 Harold WHITCUT 2/1st North Midlands Field Company, Royal Engineers killed in action 1st July 1916 aged 18. He was the son of James and Eleanor Jane of 63, Church Street, Fenton, Staffordshire. he was at the age of 13 employed as a railway clerk. He is at rest in Foncquevillers Military Cemetery, France
Sapper WR/176278 Charles WOOD Railway Operating Division, Royal Engineers, formerly 2463 Liverpool Regiment died 4th October 1918 aged 30. He was the son of Harry and Agnes of Uttoxeter, Staffordshire. He is at rest in Bagneux British Cemetery, Gezaincourt, Somme, France
Pioneer WR/210654 Reginald BIRKS Royal Engineers died 14th February 1919 aged 20. He was the son of Mr and Mrs Peter Birks, Gate House, Oakamoor, near Alton, Staffordshire
Driver 36432 Charles B HULSE Training Service Sanitary Centre (Bedford) Royal Engineers died 22nd March 1919 aged 20. He was the son of Charles and Mary Louisa of Penkhull Street, Newcastle-under-Lyme, Staffordshire. he is at rest in Newcastle-under-Lyme Cemetery, Staffordshire
Driver 202551 Samuel JOYNSON 56th Divisional Signal Company, Royal Engineers died 8th August 1918. He is at rest in Aubigny Communal Cemetery Extension, France
GRENADIER GURADS
Lance Corporal 12656 Thomas Philip CRITCHLOW 3rd Grenadier Guards died 8th October 1915 aged 29. He was the son of Martha Critchlow. He is commemorated on the Loos memorial, France
Private 11516 Charles Edward ARMS 1st Grenadier Guards died 29th October 1914 aged 35. He was the son of Elizabeth and the late Fredrick Arms and was the husband of Lily Maud Arms, of 107, Chestergate, Macclesfield, Cheshire. he is commemorated on the Menin Gate Memorial, Ypres
Private 22923 Thomas BUXTON, 1st Grenadier Guards died 11th October 1917 aged 34. He was the brother of Eliza Buxton of Stramshall, near Uttoxeter, Staffordshire. He is at rest in Dozinghem Military Cemetery, Belgium
Private 18959 Arthur HARVEY 3rd Grenadier Guards died 27th May 1915 aged 21. He was the son of Samuel and Lavinia of North Lodge, Crakemarsh, Uttoxeter, Staffordshire. He is at rest in Uttoxeter Cemetery.
Private 23417 Benjamin Richard MINCHIN 3rd Grenadier Guards died 15th September 1916 aged 22. he was the son of Henry and Ellen of 135, Belvedere Road, Burton-on-Trent, Staffordshire. He is at rest in Guards' Cemetery, Lesboeufs, France
Private 20169 Fred TALBOT 4th Grenadier Guards died 27th September 1915 aged 30. He was the son of John and Hannah of Hanley, Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire. He is commemorated on the Loos memorial, France
COLDSTREAM GUARDS
Private 4882 Charles Henry YATES 3rd Coldstream Guards died 27th April 1915 aged 33. He was the son of Robert and Annie Yates, of Stoke-on-Trent; husband of Rose Yates, of Englis St., Stoke-on-Trent. he is at rest in Guards Cemetery, Windy Corner, Cuinchy, France
WELCH GUARDS
Corporal 534 Tom BENTLEY 1st Welsh Guards died 2nd May 1916 aged 25. He was the son of Edward and Elizabeth Bentley, of 71, Stony Lane, Cauldon, near. Ashbourne, Derbyshire. He is at rest in Lijssenthoek Military cemetery, Belgium
ROYAL SCOTS
Private F RILEY The only F Riley serving with the Royal Scots listed with the CWGC is the following) Private 4180 Frederick William 3rd Royal Scots (Lothian Regiment) died 13th August 1915. Born in Mowsherra West Indies and is at rest Comley Bank Cemetery, Edinburgh, Scotland. ( Auth. I believe this is not the correct person) There is a possibility It could be a James, Private 17663 Royal Scots Fusiliers died 26th September 1915 aged 25. He was the son of James and Elizabeth of 89 Caroline Street, Longton. The last possibility this soldier died outside the stop date for inclusion into the data of the CWGC which is 31st August 1921.
THE BUFFS (EAST KENT REGIMENT)
Private 13956 Arthur Vincent SWETNAM 7th The Buffs, East Kent Regimentkilled in action 30th September 1917 aged 21. He was the son of Abraham and Annie of 27, Haywood Street, Shelton, Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire. he joined up aged 19yrs and 3 months and was employed as a railway vanman prior to enlistment. He is at rest in Nine Elms British Cemetery, Belgium
NORTHUMBERLAND FUSILIERS
Sergeant (CWGC have L/Sgt) 13938 Charles William YORKE 12th Northumberland Fusiliers formerly Army Cyclist Corps killed in action 22nd June 1916 aged 37. he was the husband of Betsy nee Dale of 4, Betley Place, Crewe Road, Alsager, Stoke on Trent. In 1911 although married he was living alone at Railway Cottages, Station House, Biddulph. I note some one had crossed out Marriage and children which was 4 yrs and two children both living. He was married on the 12th June 1907 at Odd Rode, Cheshire. He was a railway signalman. He is at rest in Dartmoor Cemetery, Bocordel-Becourt, Somme, France
Private 36358 Ernest Harold DEGGE 8th Northumberland Fusiliers, formerly 32986, North Staffordshire Regiment killed in action 16th August 1917 aged 24. He was the son of Thomas and Martha of 19, Balance Hill, Uttoxeter, Staffordshire. In 1911 he was employed as an engine cleaner with the North Staffordshire Railway Company. He is commemorated on the Tyne Cot Memorial, Belgium
Private 66536 Aubrey Lemuel MOORE 1/4th Northumberland Regiment died 27th May 1918. Native of Blythe Bridge near Cheadle, Staffordshire. He was the son of Charles and Elizabeth Ann of 3, Stallington Crossing, Stallington Lane, Blythe Bridge, Staffordshire. His father was a railway signalman. He is commemorated on the Soissons Memorial, France
ROYAL WARWICKSHIRE REGIMENT
Company Sergeant Major (Memorial has Sergeant) 9243 Edwin MACHIN (Military Medal)15th Royal Warwickshire Regiment killed in action 26th October 1917 aged 26. He was the son of Edwin and Mary of 13, Station Street, Longton, Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire. he is commemorated on the Tyne Cot memorial, Belgium
Private 9144 Alfred Ernest SMITH, B Company 11th Royal Warwickshire Regiment died 16th July 1916 aged 23. He was the son of Thomas and Emily of 43, Lily Street, Wolstanton, Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire. He is at rest in Albert Communal Cemetery Extension, France
ROYAL FUSILIERS
Sergeant 2500 Percy ATTWOOD (D.C.M.) killed in action 7th July 1916. He was born in North Rode, Cheshire in 1893 to Charles and Louisa who in 1911 were living with their children at 10 and 12 Cliff Vale Place, Hanley, Stoke on Trent. He was employed age 18 as a railway lampman. He is commemorated on the Thiepval Memorial, Somme, France
Lance Corporal G/2552 John Thomas BIRKS died of wounds 16th October 1916. Born at Stoke on Trent and is Commemorated on the Heilly Station Cemetery, Mericourt-L'Abbe, Somme, France
Lance Corporal 127 Frank CARRYER 9th Royal Fusiliers killed in action 18th September 1918 aged 22. He was the son of
Rupert and Mary Carryer, of 111, Newlands Street, Shelton, Stoke-on-Trent. He is at rest in Epehy Wood Farm Cemetery, Epehy, Somme, France
Lance Corporal 1780 Albert FOX 12th Royal Fusiliers died of wounds 20th June 1917 aged 25. He was the son of Eli and Mary Jane, nee Knapper who in 1901 were living with their children at 30, Watergate Street, Tunstall. In 1911 he was living with his brother at the home of his married sister, Mary Pritchard at 4, Selwyn Street, Stoke on Trent Staffordshire. He was working as a shop assistant. He is at rest in Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery, Belgium
Private 21436 Rupert BIRCH, 9th Royal Fusiliers died of wounds 10th July 1916 aged 22. He was the son of Joseph and Ellen of Foxt, near Froghall, Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire. 1911 he was employed as a general labourer. He is at rest in Puchevillers British Cemetery, France
Private 69082 Thomas CARNEL 2nd Royal Fusiliers, formerly 117, Army Veterinary Corps died 6th September 1918 aged 27. He was the husband of Cicely of 12, Nicholls Street, Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire. He is at rest in St Omer Souvenir Cemetery, Longuenesse France
Private G/11439 George Henry CLOWES 4th Royal Fusiliers killed in action 27th March 1916. Born in Stoke on Trent in 1895 to Richard James and Caroline. In 1911 the family were living at 35, Lytton Street, Stoke on Trent. He was working as a railway servant. He is commemorated on the Menin Gat Memorial, Ypres, Belgium
Private 66604 William Moseley COPE 26th Royal Fusiliers, formerly 37527 South Staffordshire Regiment killed in action 20th September 1917 aged 26. He was the son of William and Jane of 41, New Street, Uttoxeter, Staffordshire. In 1911 he was employed as a railway porter. He is commemorated on the Tyne Cot Memorial, Belgium
Private 8826 Colin DUNN 3rd Royal Fusiliers killed in action 29th September 1915. He was born in Leigh on the 23rd April 1893, christened on the 21st May 1893 and was the son of Thomas John and Sarah Ann nee Brown In 1911 he was working as a railway porter and was living with his mother and siblings at 1, Frith Street, Leek, Staffordshire. His father for the same year was working in Glamorgan as a railway signalman. He is commemorated on the Loos Memorial, France
Private 9109 John ELLIS 3rd Royal Fusiliers died 10th May 1915. He was born in Newcastle-under-Lyme, Staffordshire He may have been the son of William and Eliza nee Rushton who in 1911 were living as a family at 3, Kimberley Road, Newcastle, Staffordshire. He was at the age of 14 a fruiterers errand boy. He is commemorated on the Menin gate Memorial, Ypres, Belgium
Private 3586 Frederick GILFORD 9th Royal Fusiliers killed in action 1st May 1917. He was born in Nantwich, Cheshire and enlisted in Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire. He may have been the son of Henry and Mary Ann who in 1911 were living at 7, William Street, Shelton, Stoke on Trent. He was working as a labourer his father was working as a carter for the railway. He is commemorated on the Arras memorial, France
Private G/14502 Albert Henry HEATH 2nd Royal Fusiliers killed in action 3rd July 1916. He was born at Newcastle, Staffordshire He may have been the son of George and Annie Jane of Newcastle Staffordshire. He is at rest in Ovillers Military cemetery, Somme, France
Private 74648 Percy NUTT 7th Royal Fusiliers, formerly 70879 106th Training Battalion killed in action 23rd March 1918 Born at Alsager, Cheshire in 1899 to Joseph and Elizabeth who in 1911 were all living at Audley Road, Alsager, Cheshire. and at the time of his death at 4, Frederick Avenue, Penkhull, Stoke on Trent. His father was a steam train driver in 1911. He is commemorated on the Arras Memorial, France
KING'S LIVERPOOL REGIMENT
Lance Corporal 2464 Tom DUROSE 5th King's Liverpool Regiment died 21st May 1915 aged 19. He was the nephew of Miss M Durose of Ivy Cottage, Heath Road, Uttoxeter, Staffordshire. and the son of Tom and Fanny. In 1911 he was living with his parents at the Daventry Union Workhouse London Road Davantry and was working at a telegraph messenger. His mother was the workhouse matron, and not inmates. Some notes from what remains of his army record. He joined up on the 31st August 1914 and was living at 39, Cheadle Road, Uttoxeter, Staffordshire with his aunt, Midge!!
His father was now living at 15th Church Street, Sunbury-on-Thames, Surrey. He was in France from the 21st February 1915. On the 15th April 1915 he was admitted to No4 Field Ambulance with Impetigo and discharged fit for duty the same day. 16th May 1915 he was shot in the head at Richebourge, L'Avoue and admitted to No4 Field ambulance, transferred same day to No1 Casualty Clearing Station at Chocques and then transferred to No 19 Rawal Pindi Hospital, Wimereux wher he died of his wounds on the 21st May 1915. He is at rest in Wimereux Communal Cemetery, France
Private 235166 Herbert POINTON 13th King's Liverpool Regiment, formerly 203425 North Staffordshire Regiment killed in action 31st august 1918 aged 24. He was the son of John and Betsy of 65, Boon Hill, Bignall End, Staffordshire. In 1911 he was employed as a coachman (domestic servant) He is at rest in Noreuil Australian cemetery, France
LINCOLNSHIRE REGIMENT
Lance Corporal 16990 Ernest PRIME 2nd Lincolnshire Regiment, formerly 16075, North Staffordshire Regiment died of wounds 26th September 1915. He was born at Calton Staffordshire in 1886 to John and Fanny. His parents in 1911 were living at Cauldon Grange, Oakamoor, Staffordshire. Ernest was now married and was living with his wife Annie and their two children at Chilcote, Ashby-de-la-Zouch, Leicestershire. He was working on a farm as a cowman. He is at rest in Bailleul Communal Cemetery Extension, Nord France.
Private 51922 Frederick George NEWMAN 10th Lincolnshire Regiment died of wounds 1st May 1918 aged 19. He was the son of James and Annie of 22, Darnley Street, Shelton, Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire. An army record was found for the time he joined up to the North Staffordshire Regiment on the 17th December 1915 aged 18 years and 4 months as private 18291. His date of birth was given as 10th April 1897 and occupation as a silk finisher. He was discharged from the army as being under military age under Para 392 (vi (a) K.R. 1912. No record has survived for his time with the Lincolnshire Regiment. He is at rest in Boulogne Eastern Cemetery, France
Private 43954 Hodson Thomas (T H) WALKER 8th Lincolnshire Regiment killed in action 9th September 1918. He was born at Clay Mills Staffordshire in 1895 to Thomas Hodson and Harriet nee Johnson who in 1901 were all living at 55, Cooper Street, Sandwell, West Bromwich. In 1911 he was staying at the home of Thomas Greenway and his sister Helen Greenway at 11, Jameson Street, Wolverhampton, he was a butcher. He is commemorated on the Vis-En-Artois Memorial, France
DEVONSHIRE REGIMENT
Private 3917 Percy YOXALL 1/6th Devonshire Regiment died at Mesopotamia on the 26th September 1916 aged 25. He was the son of William Thomas and Eliza Emma Yoxall, of 74, Seaford Street, Shelton, Stoke-on-Trent. In 1911 he was an audit railway clerk. He is at rest in Amara war cemetery, Iraq.
WEST YORKSHIRE REGIMENT
Private 53037 Wilfred Joseph PRESBURY 2nd West Yorkshire Regiment died 27th March 1918. He was born at Longton, Staffordshire . Some notes from what remains of his army record. He was born on the 14th January 1899 to Robert Arthur and Margaret of 68, Spring Road, Longton, Staffordshire. He joined up on the 25th April 1917 aged 18 and was employed as a capstan youth (goods men) employed by North Staffordshire Railway, Longton, Staffordshire. he embarked Folkestone and disembarked at Boulogne the same day, 19th January 1918 and joined his regiment at Etaples on the 20th January. He was reported missing on the 27th March 1918. His conduct sheet was well used. He spent quite a lot of time C.B. Confined to Barracks for various offences. Dirty equipment, missing church and gas parades, and over staying his leave pass . He is commemorated on the Pozieres Memorial, Somme, France
Private 60492 James SALT 15th West Yorkshire Regiment died of wounds 22nd April 1918 aged 19. he was the son of Elijah and Eleanor Salt, of 43, Weaver Villa, Oakamoor, Staffs. Native of Cauldon, Lowe, Staffordshire. Some notes from what remains of his army record. He enlisted on the 23rd April 1917 aged 17 years and 364 days. he gave his date of birth as 24th March 1899 and live at the above address. He was posted as Private 39135, North Staffordshire Regiment, then posted to the 5th Training Reserve as private 18033 and finally as private 60492 West York Regt. Whilst in training he was admitted to the Military Hospital, Cannock Chase, Rugeley, Staffordshire on the 4th August 1917 with Diphtheria which was treated with anti-diphtheria serum. He improved rapidly and was discharged to one month's sick from the 1st October 1917. On the 22nd April 1918 he was wounded in action and died the same day. He is at rest in Ebblinghem Military Cemetery, France
LEICESTERSHIRE REGIMENT
Private 11207 Percy SUTTON 8th Leicestershire Regiment died 1st October 1917 aged 24. He was the son of Arthur and Emily Sutton, of 62, Nelson Street, Fenton, Stoke-on-Trent. Some notes from remains of his army record. He enlisted on the 27th August 1914 at Lichfield aged 21 into the Royal Engineers then transferred into 6th Service Leicestershire Regiment By occupation he was a railway platelayer, and lived at 4, Pitt Street, Fenton. He embarked on the 29th February 1916 and transferred to 120th Railway Company as Sapper Platelayer 152984, skilled. The 28th August 1916 he was awarded 1st Good Conduct Badge. The 11th September 1917 he was transferred to the 9th Leicestershire Regiment and retained Royal Engineers rate of pay. The 27th March 1918 he was transferred to the 8th Battalion. He is commemorated on the Tyne Cot memorial, Belgium
Private 41624 Charles WILLATT D. Company 7th Leicestershire Regiment killed in action 27th May 1918 aged 18. He was the son of John Parr and Eliza of 10, Nettle Bank, Smallthorne, Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire. Some notes from what remains of his army record He joined up aged 19 years and 4 months on the 4th November 1915 and posted to the Royal Army Medical Corps Depot at Aldershot as Private 78520. He lived at Wilfred Place, Queens Road, Stoke on Trent and was employed as a railway clerk. He embarked Soton on the 24th June 1916 and disembarked at Havre the next day 25th. On the 9th August 1916 disembarked France for England and posted to the 20th London regiment. The 1st September 1916 he was transferred to Class W (T) T.F Army Reserve. On the 30th June 1917 he was recalled to the colours and transferred to the 2/4th Reserve Battalion Northamptonshire Regiment on the 6th July 1917. There is a date 9th November 1917 and stamped is O.C. 20th Batt London Regiment.
On the 11th January 1918 he was transferred from the 2/4th and posted to the 4th Northamptonshire Regiment and posted to Clipstone Camp . He embarked Dover on the 31st March 1918 and disembarked at Calais the same day. Sent to "L" Infantry Base Depot and posted to the 6th Northamptonshire Regiment. He was transferred to D Company 7th Leicestershire Regiment in the field on the 1st April 1918. He was killed in action 27th May 1918. His parents were now living at 10, Nettle Bank. I apologise if the above is a little disjointed I tried to make a good report out of water damaged records. The bottom line is he was in the RAMC, 20th London Regiment as Private 5765. Northamptonshire and Leicestershire regiments. He is commemorated on the Soissons memorial, France
LANCASHIRE FUSILIERS
Private 13 Frank GRETTON 2nd Lancashire Fusiliers He was in France on the 22nd August and died 26th August 1914 aged 18. He was born in Hanley, Staffordshire in 1887 and was the son of James and Ann . In 1901 his father was a widower and they were living at the home of Amy Sales, widow at 3, Talbot Street, Stoke on Trent. He is at rest in La Ferte-Sous-Jouarre Memorial, Sein-et-Marne, France
Commentary.
What charming but substantial cottages Hambleden possesses.
The Chiltern chalk like all areas of chalk contains
bands of black, grey and brown flint stone – hard, sharp and incredibly durable.
The “knappers” who split this stone to “face-off” the village dwellings needed to work hard to produce the thousands of tons required to finish the job.
The spirit and ambience of this place seems unchanging,
and with a flint frontage, I can see these cottages
surviving for another thousand years.
"Ich sagte dir schon, ein Afrikaner erzählt nicht jedem seine Geschichte.", sagt Yinka. "Es ist anders als in Europa, seine persönliche Geschichte ist privat. So privat wie sein Haus, seine Frau, sein Schlafzimmer.
Ein Afrikaner erzählt eine Geschichte. Wichtig ist, dass sie interessant ist. Sie stimmt meistens nicht, aber das ist nicht wichtig. So ist unsere Kultur.
Ich habe mich jetzt auf "Das Asylheim im Maisfeld 🌽🌽🌽" eingelassen und bin damit eiverstanden, meine Geschichte zu erzählen, weil ich glaube, dass es den Menschen in Europa hilft, uns besser zu verstehen.
Ich tu mir halt bisschen schwer damit, wegen meiner Erziehung, meiner Kultur. Es wäre echt hilfreich, wenn du mir einfach Fragen stellst."
Ja, das hatte er gesagt. Wir sind jetzt am Lungomare Yasser Arafat spazieren, und ich überleg grad so, mit welcher Frage ich anfangen soll. Da sind so Treppen am Wasser, lass uns da hin setzen...
"Du bist echt Shaytan! Das erste, was du mir zeigst, ist so ein Schlauchboot! Ja, ich bin mit einem Schlauchboot aus Libyen gekommen. Natürlich war es größer als das hier. Aber trotzdem viel zu klein.
Wir waren ungefähr 60 Leute auf dem Boot, ganz dicht zusammengedrängt, da war kaum Platz, sich zu bewegen.
Tagsüber brannte die Sonne auf unsere Köpfe und wir hatten schrecklich Durst. Das Wasser in den Fässern, die uns mitgegeben wurden, reichte nicht, weil die Fahrt viel länger dauerte, als wir uns ausgerechnet hatten. Wir haben das Wasser streng rationiert.
Wir hatten einen kleinen Außenbordmotor, viel Leistung brachte der nicht, aber immerhin. Die Männer in Libyen hatten uns angewiesen, wie wir nach GPS fahren sollen, aber schon nach 24 Stunden hatte das Gerät keinen Akku mehr.
Dann haben wir uns wohl verirrt. Das Benzin für den Motor war aus, und das Wasser wurde immer knapper.
Wir haben die ganze Zeit gebetet.
وَمَا تَـنۡقِمُ مِنَّاۤ اِلَّاۤ اَنۡ اٰمَنَّا بِاٰيٰتِ رَبِّنَا لَمَّا جَآءَتۡنَا ؕ رَبَّنَاۤ اَفۡرِغۡ عَلَيۡنَا صَبۡرًا وَّتَوَفَّنَا مُسۡلِمِيۡنَ﴿7:126﴾
Du grollst uns ja nur (darum), daß wir an die Zeichen unseres Herrn glaubten, als sie zu uns kamen. Unser Herr, überschütte uns mit Standhaftigkeit und berufe uns ab als (Dir) Ergebene! (Sure 7, Vers 126)
Aber Allah hat uns gerettet!
Es kam ein Tanker, die haben uns aufgefischt. Die riefen die italienische Küstenwache, und die brachten uns nach Lampedusa.
Das war 2011, Gaddafi lebte zwar noch, aber es gab jetzt auch Kämpfe bei uns in Tripolis. Ich war am überlegen, nach Nigeria zurückzugehen. Aber wie? Die bombardierten den Flughafen, es gab keine Flüge mehr. Vielleicht irgendwie nach Tunis und von dort aus...
Meine Arbeit auf der Baustelle hatte ich noch. Mein Chef sagte: Wir sind fast fertig, wir ziehen das jetzt durch bis zum Ende!
Doch eines Tages kamen bewaffnete Männer: Euch Schwarze brauchen wir hier nicht mehr!
Sie trieben uns auf einen Laster und fuhren uns aus der Stadt heraus. Wer Geld hatte, konnte mit dem Boot übers Meer nach Italien. Wer kein Geld hatte - frag mich nicht, was die mit denen gemacht haben! Man hörte ja grauenhafte Geschichten.
Ich hatte Geld. Ich hab gut verdient in Libyen, ich habe gespart, ich wollte mir ein Haus kaufen. Alles in allem hat mich die Überfahrt 12.000 € gekostet."
"I told you before, an African doesn't tell everyone his story," says Yinka. "This is different than in Europe, his personal story is private. As private as his house, his wife, his bedroom.
An African tells a story. The important thing is that it is interesting. It's usually not true, but that's not important. That's our culture.
I have now embarked on "The Asylum Home in the Cornfield 🌽🌽🌽" and have agreed to tell my story because I believe it will help people in Europe understand us better.
I just have a bit of a hard time with it because of my education and my culture. It would be really helpful if you just asked me questions."
Yes, that's what he said. We're now walking along the Lungomare Yasser Arafat and I'm just trying to figure out which question to start with. There are stairs by the water, let's sit there...
"You are really Shaytan! The first thing you show me is a rubber boat! Yes, I came from Libya in a rubber boat. Of course it was bigger than this one. But still much too small.
There were about 60 people on the boat, packed very tightly together, there was hardly any space to move.
During the day the sun beat down on our heads and we were terribly thirsty. The water in the barrels we were given wasn't enough because the journey took much longer than we had expected. We strictly rationed water.
We had a small outboard motor, it didn't produce much power, but still. The men in Libya had instructed us how to drive according to GPS, but after just 24 hours the device ran out of battery.
Then we must have lost our way. The engine ran out of petrol and water became increasingly scarce.
We prayed the whole time.
وَمَا تَـنۡقِمُ مِنَّاۤ اِلَّاۤ اَنۡ اٰمَنَّا بِاٰيٰتِ رَبِّنَا ل َمَّا جَآءَتۡنَا ؕ رَبَّنَاۤ اَفۡرِغۡ عَلَيۡنَا صَبۡرًا وَّتَوَفَََ نَا مُسۡلِمِيۡنَ﴿7:126﴾
Will you punish us just because we believed in the signs of our Lord when they came to us? Our Lord! Shower us with perseverance and cause us to die as those who have submitted [to You]. (Sura 7, verse 126)
But Allah saved us!
A tanker came and they picked us up. They called the Italian coast guard and they took us to Lampedusa.
That was in 2011, Gaddafi was still alive, but there were now also fighting at our home in Tripoli. I was thinking about going back to Nigeria. But how? They bombed the airport and there were no more flights. Maybe to get somehow to Tunis and from there...
I still had my job on the construction site. My boss said: We're almost done, we'll be going through this to the end!
But one day armed men stormed in: We don't want you black people here anymore!
They chased us on a truck and drove us out of town. Anyone who had money could take a boat across the sea to Italy. If you didn't have any money - don't ask me what they did with them! You could hear horrible stories.
I had money. I earned well in Libya, I saved up, I wanted to buy a house. All in all, the crossing cost me €12,000."
Berlin, "Municipal Baths Reloaded", Video Art and Light installations in the Lichtenberg Municipal Baths": View of the gallery of the Small Hall from one of the two staircase towers
Als Lichtenberg 1907 in den Rang einer Stadt erhoben wurde und sein erstes Rathaus besaß, plante die Stadtverwaltung auch die entsprechenden städtischen Einrichtungen wie ein Amtsgericht, ein Krankenhaus, ein Entbindungsheim, Schulen und ein Volksbad. Die Kommune erwarb ein 3800 m² großes Grundstück an der Frankfurter Allee und gründete eine Kommission für die Erbauung einer Volksbadeanstalt, besetzt mit sieben Stadtverordneten und sieben Bürgerdeputierten. Architekten lieferten sogar in der Zeit des Ersten Weltkriegs Baupläne für eine solche öffentliche Badeeinrichtung. Der erste Spatenstich erfolgte im Jahr 1919 und die Fundamente wurden gelegt. Weil Lichtenberg 1920 als Bezirk nach Groß-Berlin eingemeindet wurde und seinen Stadtstatus verlor (und sicherlich auch wegen knapper Kassen unmittelbar nach dem Krieg), wurden die Bauarbeiten eingestellt. Erst 1925, nach Überwindung der Inflation, wurde weitergebaut, nachdem die Ingenieur-Architekten Rudolf Gleye und Otto Weis die vorhandenen Pläne aktualisiert hatten. Es entstand ein mehrgliedriger kubischer Baukörper im Stil des Expressionismus mit – nach damaligen Vorstellungen – sehr modernen Ausstattungen:
Die Einweihung des Hubertusbades nahm der Berliner Oberbürgermeister Gustav Böß am 2. Februar 1928 vor. Im Zweiten Weltkrieg beschädigte eine Sprengbombe das Gebäude an der Nordwestseite, es blieb aber noch funktionstüchtig. Außerdem gingen durch die Druckwellen die meisten Scheiben zu Bruch. Das Bad wurde notdürftig repariert. Als im Zusammenhang mit der Errichtung kompletter Neubauviertel in den östlichen Stadtbezirken ab Ende der 1960er Jahre dort auch neue lichtdurchflutete Schwimmhallen entstanden, verlor das Hubertusbad seine über den Bezirk hinausgehende Bedeutung. Hinzu kam, dass nun Baumängel, die bereits seit der Fertigstellung vorhanden waren, immer gravierender wurden, 1988 musste deshalb zunächst die große Halle geschlossen werden. Grund war ein Defekt an der Wasseraufbereitungs- und Heizungsanlage, der sich nicht mehr beheben ließ. Nach dem Mauerfall und dem schrittweisen Zusammenwachsen der gesamten Stadt galten die bisherigen bundesdeutschen Vorschriften für solche Einrichtungen, Geld für Reparaturen stand nun auch nicht mehr bereit. Als 1991 die Hauptwasserzuführung kaputtging, mussten auch die kleine Halle und alle anderen Badeinrichtungen geschlossen werden. Die kleine Halle diente dann zweckentfremdet als Lagerhalle.. Im Jahr 2016 fasste der Senat von Berlin einen Entschluss, der einer Wiederbelebung des Bades einen großen Schritt näher kam: der Komplex bleibt Eigentum des Landes Berlin. Im Auftrag der Stadt kümmert sich seitdem das Unternehmen Berliner Immobilienmanagement (BIM) um Möglichkeiten der Nachnutzung.
Eine Wiederaufnahme des Badebetriebes ist wegen der hohen Investitionskosten und der Unwirtschaftlichkeit eines laufenden Betriebes nicht mehr vorgesehen. Daher soll das Stadtbad Lichtenberg sowohl Veranstaltungsort als auch Begegnungszentrum im Kiez werden. Zur langfristigen Erreichung dieses Zieles wurde ein Zwei-Stufen-Plan beschlossen und unter Beteiligung der Öffentlichkeit in einem Konkretisierungs- und Planungsworkshop vertieft: Im ersten Bauabschnitt, der Anfang des Jahres 2022 abgeschlossen war, wurden aus dem Haus mehrere Tonnen Bauschutt entfernt sowie Elektroanschlüsse und Sanitäranlagen im linken (östlichen) Gebäudeteil wieder hergerichtet. Über das Becken der ehemaligen Frauenschwimmhalle wurde ein Holzboden gezogen, auf dem seit 2022 Ausstellungen und andere Events stattfinden können. Auf diesem Parkettboden können bis zu 200 Personen platziert werden. Hier finden temporäre Veranstaltungen statt, wie die, die wir besucht haben. Sie heißt "Stadtbad Reloaded" und führt die Gäste auf einen spannenden Rundgang durch das Haus, welches mit beeindruckenden Lichtinstallationen und über 157 digitalen Kunstwerken in allen Ecken wieder zum Leben erwacht.
Quelle: Überwiegend Wikipedia
When Lichtenberg was elevated to the status of a town in 1907 and had its first town hall, the town council also planned the corresponding municipal facilities such as a district court, a hospital, a maternity home, schools and a public swimming pool. The municipality acquired a 3,800 square metre plot of land on Frankfurter Allee and set up a commission for the construction of a public baths, consisting of seven city councillors and seven citizen deputies. Architects even provided construction plans for such a public bathing facility during the First World War. The ground-breaking ceremony took place in 1919 and the foundations were laid. Because Lichtenberg was incorporated into Greater Berlin as a borough in 1920 and lost its city status (and no doubt also due to a shortage of funds immediately after the war), construction work was halted. It was not until 1925, after the inflation had been overcome, that building work resumed after the engineer-architects Rudolf Gleye and Otto Weis had updated the existing plans. The result was a multi-storey cubic building in the Expressionist style with - according to the ideas of the time - very modern fixtures and fittings. The Hubertusbad was inaugurated by the Lord Mayor of Berlin, Gustav Böß, on 2 February 1928. During the Second World War, a high-explosive bomb damaged the building on the north-west side, but it remained functional. Most of the windows were also broken by the blast waves. The baths were provisionally repaired. When new, light-flooded swimming pools were built in the eastern boroughs at the end of the 1960s in connection with the construction of entire new neighbourhoods, the Hubertus Baths lost its importance beyond the borough. In addition, construction defects, which had been present since completion, became increasingly serious, and in 1988 the large hall had to be closed. The reason was a defect in the water treatment and heating system that could no longer be repaired.
After the fall of the Berlin Wall and the gradual merging of the entire city, the regulations for such facilities in vigour in West Germany applied and there was no longer any money available for repairs. When the main water supply broke in 1991, the small hall and all other bathing facilities had to be closed. The small hall was then misused as a warehouse. In 2016, the Berlin Senate took a decision that brought the revitalisation of the baths a big step closer: the complex remains property of the state of Berlin. Since then, the Berlin Real Estate Management Administration (BIM) has been working on behalf of the city to find ways to reutilise the site. Due to the high investment costs and the inefficiency of the operation of the pools, it is no longer planned to resume bathing activities. The Lichtenberg Municipal Baths are therefore to become both a venue for events and a meeting centre in the neighbourhood. In order to achieve this goal in the long term, a two-stage plan was adopted and further developed with the participation of the public in a concretisation and planning workshop:
In the first construction phase, which was completed at the beginning of 2022, several tonnes of rubble were removed from the building and electrical connections and sanitary facilities were restored in the left-hand (eastern) part of the building. A wooden floor was laid over the pool of the former women's swimming pool, which has been used for exhibitions and other events since 2022. Up to 200 people can be seated on this parquet floor. Temporary events take place here, like the one we visited. It is called ‘Municipal Baths Reloaded’ and takes guests on an exciting tour of the building, which comes back to life with impressive light installations and over 157 digital artworks in every corner.
Source: Mainly Wikipedia
Berlin, "Municipal Baths Reloaded", Video Art and Light installations in the Lichtenberg Municipal Baths": Pool in the Great Hall with a light sound installation, looking from the gallery
Als Lichtenberg 1907 in den Rang einer Stadt erhoben wurde und sein erstes Rathaus besaß, plante die Stadtverwaltung auch die entsprechenden städtischen Einrichtungen wie ein Amtsgericht, ein Krankenhaus, ein Entbindungsheim, Schulen und ein Volksbad. Die Kommune erwarb ein 3800 m² großes Grundstück an der Frankfurter Allee und gründete eine Kommission für die Erbauung einer Volksbadeanstalt, besetzt mit sieben Stadtverordneten und sieben Bürgerdeputierten. Architekten lieferten sogar in der Zeit des Ersten Weltkriegs Baupläne für eine solche öffentliche Badeeinrichtung. Der erste Spatenstich erfolgte im Jahr 1919 und die Fundamente wurden gelegt. Weil Lichtenberg 1920 als Bezirk nach Groß-Berlin eingemeindet wurde und seinen Stadtstatus verlor (und sicherlich auch wegen knapper Kassen unmittelbar nach dem Krieg), wurden die Bauarbeiten eingestellt. Erst 1925, nach Überwindung der Inflation, wurde weitergebaut, nachdem die Ingenieur-Architekten Rudolf Gleye und Otto Weis die vorhandenen Pläne aktualisiert hatten. Es entstand ein mehrgliedriger kubischer Baukörper im Stil des Expressionismus mit – nach damaligen Vorstellungen – sehr modernen Ausstattungen:
Die Einweihung des Hubertusbades nahm der Berliner Oberbürgermeister Gustav Böß am 2. Februar 1928 vor. Im Zweiten Weltkrieg beschädigte eine Sprengbombe das Gebäude an der Nordwestseite, es blieb aber noch funktionstüchtig. Außerdem gingen durch die Druckwellen die meisten Scheiben zu Bruch. Das Bad wurde notdürftig repariert. Als im Zusammenhang mit der Errichtung kompletter Neubauviertel in den östlichen Stadtbezirken ab Ende der 1960er Jahre dort auch neue lichtdurchflutete Schwimmhallen entstanden, verlor das Hubertusbad seine über den Bezirk hinausgehende Bedeutung. Hinzu kam, dass nun Baumängel, die bereits seit der Fertigstellung vorhanden waren, immer gravierender wurden, 1988 musste deshalb zunächst die große Halle geschlossen werden. Grund war ein Defekt an der Wasseraufbereitungs- und Heizungsanlage, der sich nicht mehr beheben ließ. Nach dem Mauerfall und dem schrittweisen Zusammenwachsen der gesamten Stadt galten die bisherigen bundesdeutschen Vorschriften für solche Einrichtungen, Geld für Reparaturen stand nun auch nicht mehr bereit. Als 1991 die Hauptwasserzuführung kaputtging, mussten auch die kleine Halle und alle anderen Badeinrichtungen geschlossen werden. Die kleine Halle diente dann zweckentfremdet als Lagerhalle.. Im Jahr 2016 fasste der Senat von Berlin einen Entschluss, der einer Wiederbelebung des Bades einen großen Schritt näher kam: der Komplex bleibt Eigentum des Landes Berlin. Im Auftrag der Stadt kümmert sich seitdem das Unternehmen Berliner Immobilienmanagement (BIM) um Möglichkeiten der Nachnutzung.
Eine Wiederaufnahme des Badebetriebes ist wegen der hohen Investitionskosten und der Unwirtschaftlichkeit eines laufenden Betriebes nicht mehr vorgesehen. Daher soll das Stadtbad Lichtenberg sowohl Veranstaltungsort als auch Begegnungszentrum im Kiez werden. Zur langfristigen Erreichung dieses Zieles wurde ein Zwei-Stufen-Plan beschlossen und unter Beteiligung der Öffentlichkeit in einem Konkretisierungs- und Planungsworkshop vertieft: Im ersten Bauabschnitt, der Anfang des Jahres 2022 abgeschlossen war, wurden aus dem Haus mehrere Tonnen Bauschutt entfernt sowie Elektroanschlüsse und Sanitäranlagen im linken (östlichen) Gebäudeteil wieder hergerichtet. Über das Becken der ehemaligen Frauenschwimmhalle wurde ein Holzboden gezogen, auf dem seit 2022 Ausstellungen und andere Events stattfinden können. Auf diesem Parkettboden können bis zu 200 Personen platziert werden. Hier finden temporäre Veranstaltungen statt, wie die, die wir besucht haben. Sie heißt "Stadtbad Reloaded" und führt die Gäste auf einen spannenden Rundgang durch das Haus, welches mit beeindruckenden Lichtinstallationen und über 157 digitalen Kunstwerken in allen Ecken wieder zum Leben erwacht.
Quelle: Überwiegend Wikipedia
When Lichtenberg was elevated to the status of a town in 1907 and had its first town hall, the town council also planned the corresponding municipal facilities such as a district court, a hospital, a maternity home, schools and a public swimming pool. The municipality acquired a 3,800 square metre plot of land on Frankfurter Allee and set up a commission for the construction of a public baths, consisting of seven city councillors and seven citizen deputies. Architects even provided construction plans for such a public bathing facility during the First World War. The ground-breaking ceremony took place in 1919 and the foundations were laid. Because Lichtenberg was incorporated into Greater Berlin as a borough in 1920 and lost its city status (and no doubt also due to a shortage of funds immediately after the war), construction work was halted. It was not until 1925, after the inflation had been overcome, that building work resumed after the engineer-architects Rudolf Gleye and Otto Weis had updated the existing plans. The result was a multi-storey cubic building in the Expressionist style with - according to the ideas of the time - very modern fixtures and fittings. The Hubertusbad was inaugurated by the Lord Mayor of Berlin, Gustav Böß, on 2 February 1928. During the Second World War, a high-explosive bomb damaged the building on the north-west side, but it remained functional. Most of the windows were also broken by the blast waves. The baths were provisionally repaired. When new, light-flooded swimming pools were built in the eastern boroughs at the end of the 1960s in connection with the construction of entire new neighbourhoods, the Hubertus Baths lost its importance beyond the borough. In addition, construction defects, which had been present since completion, became increasingly serious, and in 1988 the large hall had to be closed. The reason was a defect in the water treatment and heating system that could no longer be repaired.
After the fall of the Berlin Wall and the gradual merging of the entire city, the regulations for such facilities in vigour in West Germany applied and there was no longer any money available for repairs. When the main water supply broke in 1991, the small hall and all other bathing facilities had to be closed. The small hall was then misused as a warehouse. In 2016, the Berlin Senate took a decision that brought the revitalisation of the baths a big step closer: the complex remains property of the state of Berlin. Since then, the Berlin Real Estate Management Administration (BIM) has been working on behalf of the city to find ways to reutilise the site. Due to the high investment costs and the inefficiency of the operation of the pools, it is no longer planned to resume bathing activities. The Lichtenberg Municipal Baths are therefore to become both a venue for events and a meeting centre in the neighbourhood. In order to achieve this goal in the long term, a two-stage plan was adopted and further developed with the participation of the public in a concretisation and planning workshop:
In the first construction phase, which was completed at the beginning of 2022, several tonnes of rubble were removed from the building and electrical connections and sanitary facilities were restored in the left-hand (eastern) part of the building. A wooden floor was laid over the pool of the former women's swimming pool, which has been used for exhibitions and other events since 2022. Up to 200 people can be seated on this parquet floor. Temporary events take place here, like the one we visited. It is called ‘Municipal Baths Reloaded’ and takes guests on an exciting tour of the building, which comes back to life with impressive light installations and over 157 digital artworks in every corner.
Source: Mainly Wikipedia
Wild Card: Christopher Matthews / formed view - my body’s an exhibition
Choreographer and performance artist Christopher Matthews curates my body’s an exhibition at Sadler’s Wells on 25, 26 June 2021. In this immersive event, multidisciplinary installations are scattered throughout the building in the foyers, studios, stages and backstage spaces, and explore themes of gender, class structure, intersections of the classical and contemporary, icon vs self and pop culture.
my body’s an exhibition presents over 22 works by international performance makers and artists in the form of video, photography, collage, sound, light, text and live movement installations.
photo © Foteini Christofilopoulou | All rights reserved | For all usage/licensing enquiries please contact www.foteini.com
Berlin, "Municipal Baths Reloaded", Video art and light installations in the Lichtenberg Municipal Baths: View through the glazing of the edge of the pool cover in the Small Hall to an access steps and a video shown there
Als Lichtenberg 1907 in den Rang einer Stadt erhoben wurde und sein erstes Rathaus besaß, plante die Stadtverwaltung auch die entsprechenden städtischen Einrichtungen wie ein Amtsgericht, ein Krankenhaus, ein Entbindungsheim, Schulen und ein Volksbad. Die Kommune erwarb ein 3800 m² großes Grundstück an der Frankfurter Allee und gründete eine Kommission für die Erbauung einer Volksbadeanstalt, besetzt mit sieben Stadtverordneten und sieben Bürgerdeputierten. Architekten lieferten sogar in der Zeit des Ersten Weltkriegs Baupläne für eine solche öffentliche Badeeinrichtung. Der erste Spatenstich erfolgte im Jahr 1919 und die Fundamente wurden gelegt. Weil Lichtenberg 1920 als Bezirk nach Groß-Berlin eingemeindet wurde und seinen Stadtstatus verlor (und sicherlich auch wegen knapper Kassen unmittelbar nach dem Krieg), wurden die Bauarbeiten eingestellt. Erst 1925, nach Überwindung der Inflation, wurde weitergebaut, nachdem die Ingenieur-Architekten Rudolf Gleye und Otto Weis die vorhandenen Pläne aktualisiert hatten. Es entstand ein mehrgliedriger kubischer Baukörper im Stil des Expressionismus mit – nach damaligen Vorstellungen – sehr modernen Ausstattungen:
Die Einweihung des Hubertusbades nahm der Berliner Oberbürgermeister Gustav Böß am 2. Februar 1928 vor. Im Zweiten Weltkrieg beschädigte eine Sprengbombe das Gebäude an der Nordwestseite, es blieb aber noch funktionstüchtig. Außerdem gingen durch die Druckwellen die meisten Scheiben zu Bruch. Das Bad wurde notdürftig repariert. Als im Zusammenhang mit der Errichtung kompletter Neubauviertel in den östlichen Stadtbezirken ab Ende der 1960er Jahre dort auch neue lichtdurchflutete Schwimmhallen entstanden, verlor das Hubertusbad seine über den Bezirk hinausgehende Bedeutung. Hinzu kam, dass nun Baumängel, die bereits seit der Fertigstellung vorhanden waren, immer gravierender wurden, 1988 musste deshalb zunächst die große Halle geschlossen werden. Grund war ein Defekt an der Wasseraufbereitungs- und Heizungsanlage, der sich nicht mehr beheben ließ. Nach dem Mauerfall und dem schrittweisen Zusammenwachsen der gesamten Stadt galten die bisherigen bundesdeutschen Vorschriften für solche Einrichtungen, Geld für Reparaturen stand nun auch nicht mehr bereit. Als 1991 die Hauptwasserzuführung kaputtging, mussten auch die kleine Halle und alle anderen Badeinrichtungen geschlossen werden. Die kleine Halle diente dann zweckentfremdet als Lagerhalle.. Im Jahr 2016 fasste der Senat von Berlin einen Entschluss, der einer Wiederbelebung des Bades einen großen Schritt näher kam: der Komplex bleibt Eigentum des Landes Berlin. Im Auftrag der Stadt kümmert sich seitdem das Unternehmen Berliner Immobilienmanagement (BIM) um Möglichkeiten der Nachnutzung.
Eine Wiederaufnahme des Badebetriebes ist wegen der hohen Investitionskosten und der Unwirtschaftlichkeit eines laufenden Betriebes nicht mehr vorgesehen. Daher soll das Stadtbad Lichtenberg sowohl Veranstaltungsort als auch Begegnungszentrum im Kiez werden. Zur langfristigen Erreichung dieses Zieles wurde ein Zwei-Stufen-Plan beschlossen und unter Beteiligung der Öffentlichkeit in einem Konkretisierungs- und Planungsworkshop vertieft: Im ersten Bauabschnitt, der Anfang des Jahres 2022 abgeschlossen war, wurden aus dem Haus mehrere Tonnen Bauschutt entfernt sowie Elektroanschlüsse und Sanitäranlagen im linken (östlichen) Gebäudeteil wieder hergerichtet. Über das Becken der ehemaligen Frauenschwimmhalle wurde ein Holzboden gezogen, auf dem seit 2022 Ausstellungen und andere Events stattfinden können. Auf diesem Parkettboden können bis zu 200 Personen platziert werden. Hier finden temporäre Veranstaltungen statt, wie die, die wir besucht haben. Sie heißt "Stadtbad Reloaded" und führt die Gäste auf einen spannenden Rundgang durch das Haus, welches mit beeindruckenden Lichtinstallationen und über 157 digitalen Kunstwerken in allen Ecken wieder zum Leben erwacht.
Quelle: Überwiegend Wikipedia
When Lichtenberg was elevated to the status of a town in 1907 and had its first town hall, the town council also planned the corresponding municipal facilities such as a district court, a hospital, a maternity home, schools and a public swimming pool. The municipality acquired a 3,800 square metre plot of land on Frankfurter Allee and set up a commission for the construction of a public baths, consisting of seven city councillors and seven citizen deputies. Architects even provided construction plans for such a public bathing facility during the First World War. The ground-breaking ceremony took place in 1919 and the foundations were laid. Because Lichtenberg was incorporated into Greater Berlin as a borough in 1920 and lost its city status (and no doubt also due to a shortage of funds immediately after the war), construction work was halted. It was not until 1925, after the inflation had been overcome, that building work resumed after the engineer-architects Rudolf Gleye and Otto Weis had updated the existing plans. The result was a multi-storey cubic building in the Expressionist style with - according to the ideas of the time - very modern fixtures and fittings. The Hubertusbad was inaugurated by the Lord Mayor of Berlin, Gustav Böß, on 2 February 1928. During the Second World War, a high-explosive bomb damaged the building on the north-west side, but it remained functional. Most of the windows were also broken by the blast waves. The baths were provisionally repaired. When new, light-flooded swimming pools were built in the eastern boroughs at the end of the 1960s in connection with the construction of entire new neighbourhoods, the Hubertus Baths lost its importance beyond the borough. In addition, construction defects, which had been present since completion, became increasingly serious, and in 1988 the large hall had to be closed. The reason was a defect in the water treatment and heating system that could no longer be repaired.
After the fall of the Berlin Wall and the gradual merging of the entire city, the regulations for such facilities in vigour in West Germany applied and there was no longer any money available for repairs. When the main water supply broke in 1991, the small hall and all other bathing facilities had to be closed. The small hall was then misused as a warehouse. In 2016, the Berlin Senate took a decision that brought the revitalisation of the baths a big step closer: the complex remains property of the state of Berlin. Since then, the Berlin Real Estate Management Administration (BIM) has been working on behalf of the city to find ways to reutilise the site. Due to the high investment costs and the inefficiency of the operation of the pools, it is no longer planned to resume bathing activities. The Lichtenberg Municipal Baths are therefore to become both a venue for events and a meeting centre in the neighbourhood. In order to achieve this goal in the long term, a two-stage plan was adopted and further developed with the participation of the public in a concretisation and planning workshop:
In the first construction phase, which was completed at the beginning of 2022, several tonnes of rubble were removed from the building and electrical connections and sanitary facilities were restored in the left-hand (eastern) part of the building. A wooden floor was laid over the pool of the former women's swimming pool, which has been used for exhibitions and other events since 2022. Up to 200 people can be seated on this parquet floor. Temporary events take place here, like the one we visited. It is called ‘Municipal Baths Reloaded’ and takes guests on an exciting tour of the building, which comes back to life with impressive light installations and over 157 digital artworks in every corner.
Source: Mainly Wikipedia
Flint-knapped arrowhead.
Flint is the "official" state gemstone of Ohio (actually, there's no such thing as "official" anything). "Flint" is sometimes used as a lithologic term by modern geologists, but it is a synonym for chert. Flint and chert are the same - they are cryptocrystalline, quartzose sedimentary rocks. Rockhounds often assert that flint is high-quality while chert is low-quality. Some geologists assert that "flint" implies a biogenic origin and "chert" implies a chemical origin.
Many cherts do have a chemical origin - chert nodules are moderately common in some limestone units. The nodules form during diagenesis - pre-existing silica components in the carbonate sediments are dissolved, mobilized, and reprecipitated as chert masses. Some cherts do have a biogenic origin - for example, radiolarian cherts (rich in radiolarian microfossils) or spicular cherts (rich in siliceous sponge spicules).
The most famous flint deposit in Ohio is Flint Ridge, in Licking County. At this locality, the Middle Pennsylvanian-aged Vanport Flint is exposed in several places. The geologic literature on the Vanport Flint is relatively sparse, with inaccurate, incomplete descriptions and characterizations. For example, the literature describes the Vanport as a sheet of flint at Flint Ridge - it's actually a meganodule horizon. Other descriptions refer to the chert as the remains of siliceous sponges. In reality, siliceous sponge spicules are quite scarce in Vanport samples.
The arrowhead seen here is a modern replica. I suspect that the material is Vanport Flint from Nethers Flint Quarries, at the eastern end of Flint Ridge.