ipet photos on Flickr

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Catwalk / Défilé de mode IPET 2017

Detalle de la columna. Karnak. by Catastrophic Studio

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Karnak (al-Karnak,الكرنك, "ciudad fortificada", llamada en el Antiguo Egipto Ipet sut, "el lugar más venerado") es una pequeña población de Egipto, situada en la ribera oriental del río Nilo, junto a Luxor. Era la zona de la antigua Tebas que albergaba el complejo religioso más importante del Antiguo Egipto.

Ipet sut:

Forma parte del conjunto denominado Antigua Tebas con sus necrópolis, declarado Patrimonio de la Humanidad por la Unesco en 1979. Es el conjunto de templos más grande de Egipto.

Durante siglos, este lugar fue el más influyente centro religioso egipcio. El templo principal estaba dedicado al culto del dios Amón, pero como en otros templos egipcios también se veneraba a otras divinidades.

El complejo de templos de Karnak lo componen:

el recinto de Amón-Ra,

el recinto de Montu,

el recinto de Mut,

el templo de Jonsu,

el templo de Opet,

el templo de Ptah.

Existía también un lago sagrado, numerosos templetes y capillas de menor tamaño, y múltiples estancias y almacenes situados dentro de los muros que circundaban el recinto principal.

La diferencia principal entre el templo de Amón en Karnak, que Diodoro de Sicilia afirma ser el más antiguo de Tebas, y la mayoría de los templos egipcios es el tiempo y esfuerzo empleados en su construcción y posteriores ampliaciones. Unos treinta faraones contribuyeron con sus edificaciones convirtiendo al complejo en un conjunto, que por su tamaño (unas treinta hectáreas), no se había conocido jamás.

La entrada, entre dos inmensos pilonos, está precedido por un dromos ("camino del dios") o avenida de esfinges, con cabeza de carnero, símbolos del dios Amón. Se accede a un gran patio porticado donde se encuentra, a la izquierda, un templete del faraón Sethy II, una de las columnas de Taharqo y la monumental estatua de Pinedyem I, a la derecha el templo de Ramsés III, al frente, la sala hipóstila, y un poco más al fondo, los obeliscos de Thutmose I y Hatshepsut; después hay una serie de estancias, con patios menores, y el santuario, a los que sólo tenían acceso el faraón y los sacerdotes.

La sala hipóstila de Karnak es una de las partes más singulares del conjunto religioso. Con 23 metros de altura, es un espacio arquitectónico cuya cubierta está sustentada por 134 gigantescas columnas que son más altas en las dos filas centrales, conformando un gran pasillo, cuya disposición posibilita iluminar desde el eje de la sala. Como material se utilizó la piedra, tallada en bloques que conforman los tambores de las columnas. Estas sustentaban en basas y terminaban en gigantescos capiteles papiriformes y campaniformes, sobre los cuales se apostaban enormes dinteles que sostenían una cubierta adintelada. Los fustes de tan colosales columnas se encontraban decorados con relieves polícromos, encargados de complementar la grandiosidad del lugar sagrado.

En el antiguo Egipto, la construcción de los templos se iniciaba siempre por el santuario, lo que significa que Karnak se comenzó por el centro y se terminó de construir por las entradas al recinto. Todo el conjunto estaba ricamente decorado y pintado en vivos colores.

Después de las pirámides de Guiza, es el segundo lugar más visitado de Egipto.

The Karnak Temple Complex—usually called Karnak ( /kɑːr.næk/[1])—comprises a vast mix of decayed temples, chapels, pylons, and other buildings. Building at the complex began in the reign of Sesostris I in the Middle Kingdom and continued into the Ptolemaic period, although most of the extant buildings date from the New Kingdom. The area around Karnak was the ancient Egyptian Ipet-isut ("The Most Selected of Places") and the main place of worship of the eighteenth dynasty Theban Triad with the god Amun as its head. It is part of the monumental city of Thebes. The Karnak complex takes its name from the nearby, and partly surrounded, modern village of el-Karnak, some 2.5 km north of Luxor.

I templi egizi sono la principale attrazione di el-Karnak al punto che, comunemente, al nome "Karnak" viene generalmente associato più il sito archeologico che non il villaggio.

Il numero annuale di visitatori è secondo solo a quello della piramidi di Giza. Il complesso templare di Karnak è, di fatto, costituito da tre distinti recinti templari dedicati ad Amon, alla sua sposa divina Mut, ed al Dio locale Montu (dal corpo umano e dalla testa di falco) il cui culto fu particolarmente in auge nel corso della XI Dinastia (in tal senso rammentiamo i sovrani di nome Montuhotep, della XI dinastia, cui seguiranno, con la XII, Re il cui nome teoforo farà riferimento ad Amon, altra divinità minore tebana facente capo alla c.d. Ogdoaede Ermopolitana, come, ad esempio, Amenhemat). In linea generale, sono riscontrabili quattro parti principali di cui solo una accessibile ai turisti ed al pubblico in generale.

Grande tempio di Amon (visitabile)

Tempio di Montu (chiuso al pubblico)

Tempio di Mut

Tempio di Amenhotep IV (smantellato - chiuso al pubblico)

601A1762 by Alain Vandepontseele

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Catwalk / Défilé de mode IPET 2017

Templo de Karnak - Luxor - Egito by Airton Morassi

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The Karnak Temple Complex, commonly known as Karnak (/ˈkɑːr.næk/, from Arabic Ka-Ranak meaning "fortified village", comprises a vast mix of decayed temples, chapels, pylons, and other buildings in Egypt. Construction at the complex began during the reign of Senusret I in the Middle Kingdom and continued into the Ptolemaic period, although most of the extant buildings date from the New Kingdom. The area around Karnak was the ancient Egyptian Ipet-isut "The Most Selected of Places") and the main place of worship of the eighteenth dynasty Theban Triad with the god Amun as its head. It is part of the monumental city of Thebes. The Karnak complex gives its name to the nearby, and partly surrounded, modern village of El-Karnak, 2.5 kilometres (1.6 miles) north of Luxor.

601A1786 by Alain Vandepontseele

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Catwalk / Défilé de mode IPET 2017

601A1792 by Alain Vandepontseele

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Catwalk / Défilé de mode IPET 2017

601A1787 by Alain Vandepontseele

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Catwalk / Défilé de mode IPET 2017

P1000985 by Hannah Pethen

View through the first court of the temple of Amun of Karnak, towards the Second Pylon and Hypostyle Hall . Taharqa of the 25th Dyansty built a large kiosk of 10 open papyrus columns linked by low screen walls. It was usurped by Psammetichus and restored by the Ptolemies, but only one large column survives now on the right of the picture, together with the large block of calcite in the foreground. Two statues of New Kingdom Pharaohs, probably Ramsses II, and the feet of two further colossi of the same king front the gateway of the Second Pylon. The Second Pylon was begun by Horemheb, and completed by Seti I. It contained many talatat from the demolished temple of Akhenaten.

Amenhotep's hypostyle court by Ubierno

Luxor - Egypt

baldumanu.wordpress.com/2014/08/04/templo-de-amon-ra/

Exposition au Musée égyptien. À L'ŒUVRE ON CONNAÎT L'ARTISAN... DE PHARAON ! UN SIÈCLE DE RECHERCHES FRANÇAISES À DEIR EL-MEDINA 1917-2017 by Circe Subara

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Dintel representando a Amenhotep I y Amenhotep II frente a unas esfinges ofertándolas. Deir el-Medina.

Delante de la esfinge de la derecha se lee Amon-Ra en Ipet-Reshut, cuyo templo está ubicado en la orilla opuesta, justo enfrente de Deir el Medina (como el Amon de Karnak que se coloca frente a Deir el Bahri otro templo de Hathor). Ambos llevan la diadema sheshed rematada por un uraeus. Originalmente los cuerpos y pelucas estaban pintados de color azul.

Hallado en el Khénou de Ramsés II, puerta norte, habitación nº 9 (templo reutilizado por la XIX Dinastía??)

JE 72032

Karnak Luxor Egypt by tedesco57

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The Karnak Temple Complex, commonly known as Karnak (/ˈkɑr.næk/[1]), comprises a vast mix of decayed temples, chapels, pylons, and other buildings. Building at the complex began during the reign of Senusret I in the Middle Kingdom and continued into the Ptolemaic period, although most of the extant buildings date from the New Kingdom. The area around Karnak was the ancient Egyptian Ipet-isut ("The Most Selected of Places") and the main place of worship of the eighteenth dynasty Theban Triad with the god Amun as its head. It is part of the monumental city of Thebes. The Karnak complex gives its name to the nearby, and partly surrounded, modern village of El-Karnak, 2.5 kilometres (1.6 miles) north of Luxor.

The history of the Karnak complex is largely the history of Thebes and its changing role in the culture. Religious centers varied by region and with the establishment of the current capital of the unified culture that changed several times. The city of Thebes does not appear to have been of great significance before the Eleventh Dynasty and previous temple building here would have been relatively small, with shrines being dedicated to the early deities of Thebes, the Earth goddess Mut and Montu. Early building was destroyed by invaders. The earliest known artifact found in the area of the temple is a small, eight-sided temple from the Eleventh Dynasty, which mentions Amun-Re. Amun (sometimes called Amen) was long the local tutelary deity of Thebes. He was identified with the Ram and the Goose. The Egyptian meaning of Amun is, "hidden" or, the "hidden god".[5]

Major construction work in the Precinct of Amun-Re took place during the Eighteenth dynasty when Thebes became the capital of the unified Ancient Egypt.

Thutmose I erected an enclosure wall connecting the Fourth and Fifth pylons, which comprise the earliest part of the temple still standing in situ. Construction of the Hypostyle Hall also may have begun during the eighteenth dynasty, although most new building was undertaken under Seti I and Ramesses II.

Almost every pharaoh of that dynasty has added something to the temple site. Merneptah commemorated his victories over the Sea Peoples on the walls of the Cachette Court, the start of the processional route to the Luxor Temple.

Hatshepsut had monuments constructed and also restored the original Precinct of Mut, the ancient great goddess of Egypt, that had been ravaged by the foreign rulers during the Hyksos occupation. She had twin obelisks, at the time the tallest in the world, erected at the entrance to the temple. One still stands, as the tallest surviving ancient obelisk on Earth; the other has broken in two and toppled. Another of her projects at the site, Karnak's Red Chapel, or Chapelle Rouge, was intended as a barque shrine and originally, may have stood between her two obelisks. She later ordered the construction of two more obelisks to celebrate her sixteenth year as pharaoh; one of the obelisks broke during construction, and thus, a third was constructed to replace it. The broken obelisk was left at its quarrying site in Aswan, where it still remains. Known as The Unfinished Obelisk, it demonstrates how obelisks were quarried.[6]

The last major change to Precinct of Amun-Re's layout was the addition of the first pylon and the massive enclosure walls that surround the whole Precinct, both constructed by Nectanebo I.

In 323 AD, Constantine the Great recognised the Christian religion, and in 356 Constantius II ordered the closing of pagan temples throughout the empire. Karnak was by this time mostly abandoned, and Christian churches were founded among the ruins, the most famous example of this is the reuse of the Festival Hall of Thutmose III's central hall, where painted decorations of saints and Coptic inscriptions can still be seen.

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karnak

IMG_9514 by Catastrophic Studio