A barber (from the Latin barba, "beard") is a person whose occupation is mainly to cut, dress, groom, style and shave men's and boys' hair. A barber's place of work is known as a "barber shop" or a "barber's". Barber shops are also places of social interaction and public discourse. In some instances, barbershops are also public forums. They are the locations of open debates, voicing public concerns, and engaging citizens in discussions about contemporary issues. They were also influential in helping shape male identity.

In previous times, barbers (known as barber surgeons) also performed surgery and dentistry. With the development of safety razors and the decreasing prevalence of beards, in English-speaking cultures, most barbers now specialize in cutting men's scalp hair as opposed to facial hair.

TERMINOLOGY

In modern times, the term "barber" is used both as a professional title and to refer to hairdressers who specialize in men's hair. Historically, all hairdressers were considered barbers. In the 20th century, the profession of cosmetology branched off from barbering, and today hairdressers may be licensed as either barbers or cosmetologists. Barbers differ with respect to where they work, which services they are licensed to provide, and what name they use to refer to themselves. Part of this terminology difference depends on the regulations in a given location.

Different states in the US vary on their labor and licensing laws. For example, in Maryland, a cosmetologist cannot use a straight razor, strictly reserved for barbers. In contrast, in New Jersey both are regulated by the State Board of Cosmetology and there is no longer a legal difference in barbers and cosmetologists, as they are issued the same license and can practice both the art of straight razor shaving, colouring, other chemical work and haircutting if they choose.

In Australia, the official term for a barber is hairdresser; barber is only a popular title for men's hairdressers, although not as popular now as it was in the middle of the 20th century. Most would work in a hairdressing salon.

HISTORY

The barber's trade has a long history: razors have been found among relics of the Bronze Age (around 3500 BC) in Egypt. In ancient Egyptian culture, barbers were highly respected individuals. Priests and men of medicine are the earliest recorded examples of barbers. In some early tribes, a barber was one of the most important members, as it was believed that certain evil spirits could enter a person's body through their hair, and that cutting it was a way to drive them out. Due to their spiritual and religious beliefs, barbers even performed religious ceremonies, such as marriages and baptizing children. During these ceremonies, they would leave people's hair hanging down until after dancing; they would then cut the hair and tie it back tightly so that no evil spirits could enter and no good spirits could escape.

Men in Ancient Greece would have their beards, hair, and fingernails trimmed and styled by the κουρεύς (cureus), in an agora (market place) which also served as a social gathering for debates and gossip.

Barbering was introduced to Rome by the Greek colonies in Sicily in 296 BC, and barber shops quickly became very popular centres for daily news and gossip. A morning visit to the tonsor became a part of the daily routine, as important as the visit to the public baths, and a young man's first shave (tonsura) was considered an essential part of his coming of age ceremony.

A few Roman tonsores became wealthy and influential, running shops that were favourite public locations of high society; however, most were simple tradesmen, who owned small storefronts or worked in the streets for low prices.Starting from the Middle Ages, barbers often served as surgeons and dentists. In addition to haircutting, hairdressing, and shaving, barbers performed surgery, bloodletting and leeching, fire cupping, enemas, and the extraction of teeth; earning them the name "barber surgeons". The barber pole, featuring red and white spiraling stripes, symbolized different aspects of the craft. Barbers received higher pay than surgeons until surgeons were entered into British warships during naval wars. Some of the duties of the barber included neck manipulation, cleansing of ears and scalp, draining of boils, fistula and lancing of cysts with wicks.

19th CENTURY AND LATER

Barbershops were influential at the turn of the 19th century in helping to develop African American culture and economy. According to Trudier Harris, "In addition to its status as a gathering place, the black barbershop also functioned as a complicated and often contradictory microcosm of the larger world. It is an environment that can bolster egos and be supportive as well as a place where phony men can be destroyed, or at least highly shamed, from participation in verbal contests and other contests of skill. It is a retreat, a haven, an escape from nagging wives and the cares of the world. It is a place where men can be men. It is a place, in contrast to Gordone's bar, to be somebody."Late in the 19th century there were several noteworthy events in the barber profession that gave it an upward trend, and the effects are still carrying onward and upward. In 1893, A. B. Moler of Chicago, established a school for barbers. This was the first institution of its kind in the world, and its success was apparent from its very start. It stood for higher education in the ranks, and the parent school was rapidly followed by branches in nearly every principal city of the United States. In the beginning of barber schools, only the practical work of shaving, hair-cutting, facial treatments, etc., was taught as neither the public nor the profession were ready to accept scientific treatments of hair, skin and scalp. Not until about 1920 was much effort made to professionalize the work.

In the early 1900s an alternative word for barber, "chirotonsor", came into use in the USA.

The barber Sam Mature, whose interview with Studs Terkel was published in Terkel's 1974 book Working, says "A man used to get a haircut every couple weeks. Now he waits a month or two, some of 'em even longer than that. A lot of people would get manicured and fixed up every week. Most of these people retired, moved away, or passed away. It's all on account of long hair. You take old-timers, they wanted to look neat, to be presentable. Now people don't seem to care too much."

Despite the economic recession in 2008, the barber shop industry has seen continued positive growth.

Training to be a barber is achieved through various means around the world. In the USA, barber training is carried out at "Barber Schools".

Cost—Many states require a barber license in order to practice barbering professionally. The cost of barber school varies from state to state, and also from metro area to metro area. Schools in larger metropolitan areas tend to cost more than those located in more rural towns. Brand names can also affect the cost of barber school. Most barber schools cost between $6,500 and $10,000 to complete. Because each state has different minimums for training hours, the length and cost of the program can vary accordingly. Some schools tuition includes supplies and textbooks, whereas others do not. Barber license exam fees typically range from $50 to $150.

Length—Most states require the same amount of training hours for barbers as they do for cosmetologists. The number of hours required ranges from 800 to 2,000 training hours, depending on the state's licensing requirements. Most programs can be completed in 15 months or fewer.

Curriculum—The barber school curriculum consists of hair cutting, coloring and styling for men's hair and women's short hair. Chemical processes such as bleaching, dyeing, lightening and relaxing hair may also be taught. All cosmetology disciplines learn safety and sanitation best practices. Barber students can expect to learn some elements of anatomy, physiology, bacteriology and some small elements of pharmacology. It also teaches facial hair techniques, including traditional and modern shaves. Generally barber programs touch on scalp massage and treatments. Advanced barber training may include custom shave designs. It is more common in barbering schools than other cosmetology disciplines to get some business and ethics education, since entrepreneurship is especially common in the barbering trade with many professionals choosing to open their own barbershops. All the skills learned in barber school will be tested at the board exams, which typically feature a written and practical exam.

WIKIPEDIA

This is the only instance of the warning traffic sign "Children" which I have seen in Vienna; now this should not be taken to mean that the usage of this traffic sign is rare in the Austrian capital -- after all, most of my sighseeing has been confined to tourist areas. Note the crudity of the design, quite unexpected for an imperial capital. This example, seen on Amerlingstrasse, falls squarely in the realistic division: we can see that the boy is wearing a flatcap, the girl has a ribbon, and the clothes and demeanor of the two characters have a quaint antique quality (they remind me of the movies of the 50s). The girl is leading the boy; they are both carrying folders.

This is one of those rare instances when you suspect the Photography Gods actually like you. Heather and I attended a vintage sale at the Bishop's House, a classy Victorian house in Boise. The flyer mentioned there were going to be some classic cars and pin-up models so we decided to check it out. Good decision.

The weather was blustery - cold, windy, heavy, overcast - it looked like it was going to rain at any time. Only one car showed up. It was owned by a very cool guy named Lloyd; he didn't mind us checking out the car, even encouraging us to sit in it. He also had a 1920's style (air) gun in the front seat. A few minutes later we bumped into a lovely lass with blue hair and a great outfit. We found out she is Eleanor P., a professional pin-up model.

We asked Eleanor to shoot with us near the car; she lowered her standards and shot with me, with Heather helping her pose and Lloyd also coming up with ideas. What a great mini-shoot! Totally unplanned and I wouldn't have changed any of it. Well maybe not so cold - Eleanor was turning blue by the end of the shoot.

I took these photo in mid-May 2015.

This is Calthorpe Park in Edgbaston.

It seems a bit run down - the paths need repairing for instance.

You can access it from the Pershore Road.

I heard that the original plinth of the Robert Peel statue (now outside Tally-Ho! further down Pershore Road), so headed to Calthorpe Park to get shots of it.

I hope that the Victorian Society can get the Peel statue and plinth restored and moved to the City Centre, like they managed with the Edward VII statue.

Currently the plinth has a bit of graffiti on it, and could to with restoration.

The L's in PEEL have the feet broken off them (so it looks like PEll).

The statue was inaugurated in August 1855 (probably in Congreve Street) by the then Mayor.

Peel was Prime Minister in 1834 - 35 (under William IV) and 1841 - 1846 (under Queen Victoria).

He created the concept of a modern police force while Home Secretary. It lead to officers being known as "bobbies" in England and "peelers" in Ireland.

He was Home Secretary in the 1820s where in 1829 he established the Metropolitan Police Force for London at Scotland Yard.

It has moved around the city many times. It originally stood in Congreve Street, then in 1873 it was moved to Council House Square (now Victoria Square). In 1926 a gas lamp knocked it off its pedestal which had been hit by a lorry, and was moved to Calthorpe Park. Since 1963, it has stood here on the Pershore Road outside the Police Training Centre.

Was the day after the big thaw, so leaves from the autumn can be seen again on the grass.

The statue stood at the top of New Street for 70 years, for sometime being surrounded by cast iron railings topped with ears of wheat (to commemorate Peel’s involvement in the Repeal of the Corn Laws). It was relocated to Calthorpe Park in 1925. Then in 1963 the statue was moved to be outside the Police Training College on the Pershore Road, Edgbaston, but without its plinth, which remains in Calthorpe Park.At long last the view is crystalising that the separation of the plinth and statue was unwise and placing outside the Police college is of no relevance, since his statue was erected to commemorate the Repeal of the Corn Laws and not for his involvement in setting up the Metropolitan Police. Suitable places in the city centre are to be looked at and the Society is to assist in this.

Above text from the Victorian Society April 2009 newsletter.

Victorian Society - April 2009 newsletter

I am always so humbled whenever this happens, and it's never on the photos I expect. In this instance, my newest explore photo is #2 on the chart, and flickr's interestingness page already says this is #1 alltime.

1. Rutledge Falls - The Movie!, 2. Jamestown, TN Oneida & Western Depot, 3. Kentucky Theater Marquee - Downtown Lexington, 4. Gator Lake - Panama City Beach, Fl, 5. Loveless Cafe Neon Sign before dusk, 6. When You See Rock City, You See the Best, 7. Greenwood Motel, 8. Ernest Tubb Record Shop,

9. Dairy "Yum Yum" of Ripley, OH, 10. Loveless Cafe Neon Sign, 11. Hickerson's Motel Court, 12. Gator Lake - Panama City Beach, Fl, 13. Replica 1899 Coke Bottles, 14. Dual-sided Rock City Barn near Robbinsville, NC, 15. The Dennison Hotel, 16. Great Falls,

17. Curving Tracks of the Nashville gulch, 18. Cal Turner's barn, 19. Halloween Costume, 20. Nashville Fireworks on the 4th #1, 21. Stay on --> TENN58 and SEE Beautiful__ ROCK CITY, 22. Nashville in the 1940's painting replica, 23. See 7 States from Rock City, 24. Bar-B-Cutie sign,

25. Donelson Bowl, 26. pet Sugar Glider, 27. Pink Motel - Cherokee, NC, 28. Liepers Fork 2 - Police Car

Created with fd's Flickr Toys

The Monastery of the Holy Eucharist in Lindogon, Sibonga in Cebu province is run by Marian monks. The place is where several instances of the phenomena ~ whereby the image of the Virgin Mary shed tears in several instances starting in 1998. It is now very popular for Marian pilgrims and devotees who flock to the palace-like monastery. This transformed the once sleepy barangay into a popular destination. Daily, the monastery is visited by thousands of devotees from all over the country and even from foreign tourists. This crown structure is memorial of the victorious and powerful intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mother thru the Penitential Rosary Walk in 1998, against the killer epidemic hat struck the place, where several lives of poor children and infants had died. Built to honour Mary on the 8th year anniversary of the Monks arrival in Lindogon. Blessed on the 27th day of February, 2004.”

There are available coloured candles near the monastery. Proceeds of the candles will give part to the monks for funds. The following are coloured candles with its own purpose.

Gold: Healing (Good health, Recovery, Spiritual, Family Tree)

Green: Prosperity/Success (Exams, Study, Financial, Business)

Blue: Perseverance (Employment, Career, Assignment, Promotions)

Violet: Achievement (Plans in life, Struggles, Endeavours, Journeys, Voyage)

Red: Love (Utility, Friendship, Engagement, Family)

Yellow: Peace (Courage, Strength, Hope)

White: Purity (Enlightenment, Guidance, Right Path)

Orange: Reconciliation (Sweetheart, Wife, Husband, Enemy, Family)

Pink: Thanksgiving/Happiness/Joy (Spiritual, Physical)

Black: Souls (Forgiveness, Pardon)

Brown: Vocation (Marriage Bond, God’s Servant, Single life)

Grey: Deliverance (Bad ways, Things, Spirits)

Cream: Conversion/Faith (Children, Household, Couples)

A gentle reminder from the Catholic Bishops Conference of the Philippines, the following guidelines must be strictly followed and not allowed to wear inside the Monastery: wearing of tube & short blouses/dresses, fitting & transparent pants, spaghetti straps/sleeveless dress, mini skirts, shorts. While taking you to the Monastery, it is required to remove footwear before entering the Mother Mary’s prayer room. Cameras flash should be turned off while taking pictures so as not to interrupt/destruct others when praying. All Catholic & Non-Catholic are advised to please respect and observe solemnity inside the Church. Smoking is prohibited inside the premises. Parking area is situated to the right side of the entrance.

If you are from Cebu City taking you through Sibonga town proper to estimate of 50 kilometres southeast or travel time for about 2-hours and can be reached via any of the buses (air con/non air-con) that leaves regularly for Sibonga from the South Bus Terminal along N. Bacalso Ave. in Cebu City. Bus fare is less than a hundred pesos. The place is famous among all passengers, just ask the conductor to drop you off to the crossing in going to Birhen sa Simala. Mary’s pilgrimage is few kilometres away from the drop off point and you can reach the destination by riding in a motorcycles for hire habal-habal or public tricycles. The Monastery of the Holy Eucharist opens daily from 8:00 am - 6:00 pm.

The Monastery of the Holy Eucharist in Lindogon, Sibonga in Cebu province is run by Marian monks. The place is where several instances of the phenomena ~ whereby the image of the Virgin Mary shed tears in several instances starting in 1998. It is now very popular for Marian pilgrims and devotees who flock to the palace-like monastery. This transformed the once sleepy barangay into a popular destination. Daily, the monastery is visited by thousands of devotees from all over the country and even from foreign tourists. This crown structure is memorial of the victorious and powerful intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mother thru the Penitential Rosary Walk in 1998, against the killer epidemic hat struck the place, where several lives of poor children and infants had died. Built to honour Mary on the 8th year anniversary of the Monks arrival in Lindogon. Blessed on the 27th day of February, 2004.”

There are available coloured candles near the monastery. Proceeds of the candles will give part to the monks for funds. The following are coloured candles with its own purpose.

Gold: Healing (Good health, Recovery, Spiritual, Family Tree)

Green: Prosperity/Success (Exams, Study, Financial, Business)

Blue: Perseverance (Employment, Career, Assignment, Promotions)

Violet: Achievement (Plans in life, Struggles, Endeavours, Journeys, Voyage)

Red: Love (Utility, Friendship, Engagement, Family)

Yellow: Peace (Courage, Strength, Hope)

White: Purity (Enlightenment, Guidance, Right Path)

Orange: Reconciliation (Sweetheart, Wife, Husband, Enemy, Family)

Pink: Thanksgiving/Happiness/Joy (Spiritual, Physical)

Black: Souls (Forgiveness, Pardon)

Brown: Vocation (Marriage Bond, God’s Servant, Single life)

Grey: Deliverance (Bad ways, Things, Spirits)

Cream: Conversion/Faith (Children, Household, Couples)

A gentle reminder from the Catholic Bishops Conference of the Philippines, the following guidelines must be strictly followed and not allowed to wear inside the Monastery: wearing of tube & short blouses/dresses, fitting & transparent pants, spaghetti straps/sleeveless dress, mini skirts, shorts. While taking you to the Monastery, it is required to remove footwear before entering the Mother Mary’s prayer room. Cameras flash should be turned off while taking pictures so as not to interrupt/destruct others when praying. All Catholic & Non-Catholic are advised to please respect and observe solemnity inside the Church. Smoking is prohibited inside the premises. Parking area is situated to the right side of the entrance.

If you are from Cebu City taking you through Sibonga town proper to estimate of 50 kilometres southeast or travel time for about 2-hours and can be reached via any of the buses (air con/non air-con) that leaves regularly for Sibonga from the South Bus Terminal along N. Bacalso Ave. in Cebu City. Bus fare is less than a hundred pesos. The place is famous among all passengers, just ask the conductor to drop you off to the crossing in going to Birhen sa Simala. Mary’s pilgrimage is few kilometres away from the drop off point and you can reach the destination by riding in a motorcycles for hire habal-habal or public tricycles. The Monastery of the Holy Eucharist opens daily from 8:00 am - 6:00 pm.

A barber (from the Latin barba, "beard") is a person whose occupation is mainly to cut, dress, groom, style and shave men's and boys' hair. A barber's place of work is known as a "barber shop" or a "barber's". Barber shops are also places of social interaction and public discourse. In some instances, barbershops are also public forums. They are the locations of open debates, voicing public concerns, and engaging citizens in discussions about contemporary issues. They were also influential in helping shape male identity.

In previous times, barbers (known as barber surgeons) also performed surgery and dentistry. With the development of safety razors and the decreasing prevalence of beards, in English-speaking cultures, most barbers now specialize in cutting men's scalp hair as opposed to facial hair.

TERMINOLOGY

In modern times, the term "barber" is used both as a professional title and to refer to hairdressers who specialize in men's hair. Historically, all hairdressers were considered barbers. In the 20th century, the profession of cosmetology branched off from barbering, and today hairdressers may be licensed as either barbers or cosmetologists. Barbers differ with respect to where they work, which services they are licensed to provide, and what name they use to refer to themselves. Part of this terminology difference depends on the regulations in a given location.

Different states in the US vary on their labor and licensing laws. For example, in Maryland, a cosmetologist cannot use a straight razor, strictly reserved for barbers. In contrast, in New Jersey both are regulated by the State Board of Cosmetology and there is no longer a legal difference in barbers and cosmetologists, as they are issued the same license and can practice both the art of straight razor shaving, colouring, other chemical work and haircutting if they choose.

In Australia, the official term for a barber is hairdresser; barber is only a popular title for men's hairdressers, although not as popular now as it was in the middle of the 20th century. Most would work in a hairdressing salon.

HISTORY

The barber's trade has a long history: razors have been found among relics of the Bronze Age (around 3500 BC) in Egypt. In ancient Egyptian culture, barbers were highly respected individuals. Priests and men of medicine are the earliest recorded examples of barbers. In some early tribes, a barber was one of the most important members, as it was believed that certain evil spirits could enter a person's body through their hair, and that cutting it was a way to drive them out. Due to their spiritual and religious beliefs, barbers even performed religious ceremonies, such as marriages and baptizing children. During these ceremonies, they would leave people's hair hanging down until after dancing; they would then cut the hair and tie it back tightly so that no evil spirits could enter and no good spirits could escape.

Men in Ancient Greece would have their beards, hair, and fingernails trimmed and styled by the κουρεύς (cureus), in an agora (market place) which also served as a social gathering for debates and gossip.

Barbering was introduced to Rome by the Greek colonies in Sicily in 296 BC, and barber shops quickly became very popular centres for daily news and gossip. A morning visit to the tonsor became a part of the daily routine, as important as the visit to the public baths, and a young man's first shave (tonsura) was considered an essential part of his coming of age ceremony.

A few Roman tonsores became wealthy and influential, running shops that were favourite public locations of high society; however, most were simple tradesmen, who owned small storefronts or worked in the streets for low prices.Starting from the Middle Ages, barbers often served as surgeons and dentists. In addition to haircutting, hairdressing, and shaving, barbers performed surgery, bloodletting and leeching, fire cupping, enemas, and the extraction of teeth; earning them the name "barber surgeons". The barber pole, featuring red and white spiraling stripes, symbolized different aspects of the craft. Barbers received higher pay than surgeons until surgeons were entered into British warships during naval wars. Some of the duties of the barber included neck manipulation, cleansing of ears and scalp, draining of boils, fistula and lancing of cysts with wicks.

19th CENTURY AND LATER

Barbershops were influential at the turn of the 19th century in helping to develop African American culture and economy. According to Trudier Harris, "In addition to its status as a gathering place, the black barbershop also functioned as a complicated and often contradictory microcosm of the larger world. It is an environment that can bolster egos and be supportive as well as a place where phony men can be destroyed, or at least highly shamed, from participation in verbal contests and other contests of skill. It is a retreat, a haven, an escape from nagging wives and the cares of the world. It is a place where men can be men. It is a place, in contrast to Gordone's bar, to be somebody."Late in the 19th century there were several noteworthy events in the barber profession that gave it an upward trend, and the effects are still carrying onward and upward. In 1893, A. B. Moler of Chicago, established a school for barbers. This was the first institution of its kind in the world, and its success was apparent from its very start. It stood for higher education in the ranks, and the parent school was rapidly followed by branches in nearly every principal city of the United States. In the beginning of barber schools, only the practical work of shaving, hair-cutting, facial treatments, etc., was taught as neither the public nor the profession were ready to accept scientific treatments of hair, skin and scalp. Not until about 1920 was much effort made to professionalize the work.

In the early 1900s an alternative word for barber, "chirotonsor", came into use in the USA.

The barber Sam Mature, whose interview with Studs Terkel was published in Terkel's 1974 book Working, says "A man used to get a haircut every couple weeks. Now he waits a month or two, some of 'em even longer than that. A lot of people would get manicured and fixed up every week. Most of these people retired, moved away, or passed away. It's all on account of long hair. You take old-timers, they wanted to look neat, to be presentable. Now people don't seem to care too much."

Despite the economic recession in 2008, the barber shop industry has seen continued positive growth.

Training to be a barber is achieved through various means around the world. In the USA, barber training is carried out at "Barber Schools".

Cost—Many states require a barber license in order to practice barbering professionally. The cost of barber school varies from state to state, and also from metro area to metro area. Schools in larger metropolitan areas tend to cost more than those located in more rural towns. Brand names can also affect the cost of barber school. Most barber schools cost between $6,500 and $10,000 to complete. Because each state has different minimums for training hours, the length and cost of the program can vary accordingly. Some schools tuition includes supplies and textbooks, whereas others do not. Barber license exam fees typically range from $50 to $150.

Length—Most states require the same amount of training hours for barbers as they do for cosmetologists. The number of hours required ranges from 800 to 2,000 training hours, depending on the state's licensing requirements. Most programs can be completed in 15 months or fewer.

Curriculum—The barber school curriculum consists of hair cutting, coloring and styling for men's hair and women's short hair. Chemical processes such as bleaching, dyeing, lightening and relaxing hair may also be taught. All cosmetology disciplines learn safety and sanitation best practices. Barber students can expect to learn some elements of anatomy, physiology, bacteriology and some small elements of pharmacology. It also teaches facial hair techniques, including traditional and modern shaves. Generally barber programs touch on scalp massage and treatments. Advanced barber training may include custom shave designs. It is more common in barbering schools than other cosmetology disciplines to get some business and ethics education, since entrepreneurship is especially common in the barbering trade with many professionals choosing to open their own barbershops. All the skills learned in barber school will be tested at the board exams, which typically feature a written and practical exam.

WIKIPEDIA

You may probably have noticed that not all sports mouth guards are the same. For instance, you can look at the football players. Some players wear the mouth guards which are attached to the face masks while others wear the ones which are detached but have a big piece of rubber covering the mouth. Having that said, a few types of mouth guards are worth mentioning here.

Categories of Mouth Guards

Mouth guards are divided by three categories from the perspective of comfort, quality and, of course, price.

•The first to mention is the stock mouth guard. These are the mouth guards which you can purchase from the drugstores. Typically, these are available with standard sizes. You can get one and put it in your mouth. If it fits properly, you are in luck. If not, you are going to have to deal with it or get a new one. Stock mouth guards are typically the least expensive ones.

•Another type which offers a bit of customization is called boil-and-bite. As the name suggests, boil and bite is the type of mouth guard which you will need to put in the boiling water before using. The heat from boiling water is going to make the mouth guard soft so that you can bite on it to give it the shape of the sequence of your teeth.

•Custom fit is the third type of mouth guards. Unlike stock and boil-and-bite mouth guards, custom fit is not available in the drugstores. You will have to get it from your dentist. You will need to ask for this mouth guard during dental visit. The dentist will take impression of your teeth and send it to the preparation lab where the mouth guard will be prepared. This mouth guard will fit perfectly on your teeth. Although the fitting is quite like the boil-and-bite, this mouth guard offers great quality.

Since custom mouth guard is the best kind of protection that one can get, you will see many of the professional athletes wearing it. However, it really doesn’t mean that you should not have any other type of mouth guard if you are unable to get the custom one.

Mouth guards with additional functionalities

In addition to the three types, mouth guards are also available with additional functionalities. These functionalities aim at improving the comfort level of the mouth guards. Those types mainly include the following.

•Flavored: These are the mouth guards which you can wear in order to add enjoyment at a certain degree. The main purpose of these mouth guards is to develop a desire to wear the mouth guards.

•Lip Protector: This mouth guard has extra amount of rubber which is added to ensure better protection for the lips.

•Air Flow Chamber: Mouth guards usually make you clench your teeth. The airflow chamber allows you to have extra intake of oxygen while you wear the mouth guard.

Make sure that you are wearing the right mouth guard

Although it is your decision to choose the type of mouth guard, you can go for the right choice if you ask from your dentist.

For Instance

Listen here: www.myspace.com/forinstanceband

From an enprint taken on an old Conway 120 box camera an interesting shot at Paddington in May 1959. Interesting because the 'Castle' class engine on this working was always an example based at 85A Newton Abbot shed. In this instance she is one of the rebuilds from a former 'Star' class engine, given away by the earlier form of cowling over the inside motion valve chambers.

N.B. Further research has identified the date and the engine - 4037 "The South Wales Borderers." 16 May 1959.

Camera: Conway 120 box.

Film: Kodak.

In every instance of "blooming Onion" the B is blocked. But I love this shot from the San Diego County Fair. For years, I shot the fair from the outside. This particular summer night, I went in to get some shots. I really loved every moment.

This image is for sale. Check out the shopping cart icon.

This is from an article in the Guardian by ( my new hero ) George Monbiot. I've been hearing and reading about so many instances of those on badger patrol being persecuted by the police, of the farmers and the NFU abusing and committing crimes against those on badger patrol and the police completely ignoring them. It makes me so angry, what Monbiot says and the conversation he reports says it all.

the whole article is here :

www.theguardian.com/environment/georgemonbiot/2013/sep/19...

As I've suggested in a couple of recent articles, the National Farmers Union (NFU), which tends to be dominated by big landowners, possesses an inordinate share of power in Britain. The Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs ("Deathra") gives the NFU everything it asks for: resisting European attempts to cap the amount of subsidies a landowner can receive, scrapping the Agricultural Wages Board, trying to prevent a partial ban on neonicotinoid pesticides, commissioning a badger cull that flies in the face of scientific evidence.

Large landowners still throng the benches of the House of Lords and are over-represented in the Commons. They still tend to dominate local government in the countryside. But until now I hadn't realised that the police might act at the NFU's behest.

The conversation, recorded on 6 September, involves the police and a group of men and women monitoring the badger cull. By the time it begins, part of the group (but not the man who made the recording) have been detained by the police but not arrested, on suspicion of aggravated trespass. They deny the charge, insisting that they had stayed on a public footpath. Here are some excerpts from the recording. The man with the recorder asks the police why the cull monitors are being detained:

Officer: "The NFU are coming down to give them an official warning because they committed aggravated trespass."

A few seconds later a different officer explains: "The suspicion is that you've committed aggravated trespass. It's a suspicion at this stage and we're detaining you under 117 of Pace [the Police and Criminal Evidence Act] … It's suspicion, reasonable suspicion. OK? So what we've got to do, someone from the National Farmers Union is coming down –"

Questioner: "So are you acting on their behalf? Are you acting on behalf of the National Farmers Union?"

Officer: "No, I'm acting on behalf of our Silver Commander."

Various other issues are raised, then the police return to the point:

Officer: "Someone from the NFU could speak to them, OK, ascertain what's happening, take the details –"

Questioner: "Will they be allowed to move on when the NFU have spoken with them?

Officer: "That's up to whatever the NFU's got to say."

Questioner: "So it's up to the NFU whether they get arrested or not?"

Officer: "No, it's up to what the NFU – [drowned out by other voices]"

Again there are various distractions, then the conversation resumes:

Officer: "We're waiting for somebody to come along to give you an official warning – "

Questioner: "To give them."

Officer: "OK, them. An official warning –"

Questioner: "From the NFU."

Officer: "From the NFU. Yeah."

Eventually, after arguing with the police for a while, the people were released before the NFU arrived.

I've checked the relevant acts, and can find nothing in them that empowers the NFU, or any other such body, to issue official warnings and to decide whether or not people detained by the police can be released.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Too often in this country, policing appears to be conducted for the benefit of in-groups at the expense of out-groups: victims of racism, the homeless, gypsies and travellers, activists and protesters.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

The establishment of official police forces, whose purpose was to enforce laws passed by parliament, was supposed to have replaced the doctrine of might with the doctrine of right. But the psychological legacy persists. The police often appear to work for those with money and power, protecting commercial interests from peaceful and legitimate protests, while failing to investigate crimes committed by corporations, executives and landowners.

Udaipur is a city, a municipal corporation and the administrative headquarters of the Udaipur district in the state of Rajasthan in western India. It is located 403 kilometres southwest of the state capital, Jaipur and 250 km northeast from Ahmedabad. Udaipur is the historic capital of the kingdom of Mewar in the former Rajputana Agency. The Sisodia clan of Rajputs ruled the Mewar and its capital was shifted from Chittorgarh to Udaipur after founding city of Udaipur by Maharana Uday Singh. The Mewar province became part of Rajasthan after India became independent.

Udaipur is a very popular tourist destination. Apart from its history, culture, and scenic locations, it is also known for its Rajput-era palaces. The Lake Palace, for instance, covers an entire island in the Pichola Lake. Many of the palaces have been converted into luxury hotels. It is often called the "Venice of the East", and is also nicknamed the "Lake City" or "City of Lakes". Lake Pichola, Fateh Sagar Lake, Udai Sagar and Swaroop Sagar in this city are considered some of the most beautiful lakes in the state.

HISTORY

Udaipur was founded in 1559 by Maharana Udai Singh II as the final capital of the erstwhile Mewar kingdom, located in the fertile circular valley-"Girwa" to the southwest of Nagda, on the Banas River, the first capital of the Mewar kingdom. This area already had a thriving trading town of "Ayad" which had served as capital of Mewar for over 200 years and 17 rulers of Mewar had ruled from Ayad town of Girwa Valley (~10-12th centuries, Ruler #18-34), still earlier (4+1) Rawals ruled from Nagda; so the “Girwa” (& adjoining) valley was already well-known to Chittaud rulers who moved to it whenever the vulnerable tableland (Mesa)Chittaudgadh was threatened with enemy attacks. Maharana Udai Singh II, in the wake of 16th century emergence of artillery warfare decided to move his capital to a more secure location, importance of which he had realized during his exile at Kumbhalgadh. Ayad was flood-prone, hence he chose the ridge east of Pichola Lake to start his new capital city, where he came upon a hermit while hunting in the foothills of the Aravalli Range. The hermit blessed the king and asked him to build a palace on the spot, assuring him it would be well protected. Udai Singh II consequently established a residence on the site. In November 1567, the Mughal emperor Akbar attacked & laid siege of the venerated fort of Chittor, which was reduced to one of the 84 forts of Mewar.

As the Mughal empire weakened, the Sisodia ranas, and later maharanas (also called the Guhilots or Suryavansh), who had always tried to oppose Mughal dominance, reasserted their independence and recaptured most of Mewar except for Chittor. Udaipur remained the capital of the state, which became a princely state of British India in 1818. Being a mountainous region and unsuitable for heavily armoured Mughal horses, Udaipur remained safe from Mughal influence in spite of much pressure. The rajvansh of Udaipur was one of the oldest dynasties of the world. Maharana Mahendra Singh Mewar (the Royal Family of Udaipur),is the current symbolic ruler of the city.

GEOGRAPHY & CLIMATE

Udaipur is located at 24.525049°N 73.677116°E. It has an average elevation of 598.00 m. It is located in the southern region of Rajasthan and is close to Gujarat. It has five major lakes, which are under restoration with funds provided by the National Lake Conservation Plan (NLCP) of the Government of India:

Fateh Sagar Lake

Rangsagar Lake

Pichola Lake

Swaroopsagar Lake

Dudh Talai Lake

Udaisagar Lake

Udaipur's autumn / winter climate is the most appealing time to pay her a visit. Tourists arrive in numbers, anytime between mid-September to late March or early April. Even in January, the coldest month, the days are bright, sunny and warm with maximum temperature around 28.3 °C. Mornings, evenings and nights are cold with minimum temperature around 11.6 °C especially if there is a slight breeze in the air.

CITY PALACE

Standing on the east bank of Lake Pichola is a massive series of palaces built at different times from 1559. The balconies of the palace provide panoramic views of the "Jag Niwas" (the Lake Palace Hotel). They also have views of Jag Mandir on one side and the city of Udaipur on the other. Its main entrance is through the triple-arched gate - the Tripolia, built in 1725. The way now leads to a series of courtyards, overlapping parations, terraces, corridors and gardens. There is a Suraj Gokhda, where the maharanas of Mewar presented themselves in the times of trouble to the people to restore confidence. The Mor-chowk (Peacock courtyard), gets its name from the mosaics in glass decorating its walls. The chini chitrashala is noteworthy while a series of wall paintings of Krishna are on display in Bhim Vilas. There are numerous other palaces such as Dilkhush mahal, Sheesh mahal, Moti mahal and Krishna vilas - in memory of a princess of striking beauty who poisoned herself to avert a bloody battle for her hand by rival princes. Now the palace contains many antique articles, paintings, decorative furniture and utensils and attracts thousands of visitors every day. Celebration mall (Highest rated mall of Rajasthan) that is India's first and only Heritage mall, is now serving as a tourist attraction destination.

The former guesthouse of the city palace, Shiv Niwas Palace and the Fateh Prakash Palace have been converted into heritage hotels.

LAKE PALACE

The Lake Palace was built in 1743-1746. It is made of marble and is situated on Jag Niwas island in Lake Pichola. It was originally built as a royal summer palace, but is now a luxury 5 Star hotel, operating under the "Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces" banner.

JAG MANDIR

Jag Mandir is another island in Lake Pichola which is known for its garden courtyard. Shah Jahan took refuge here while revolting against his father. There is a restaurant run by the HRH group of hotels.

MONSOON PALACE

Monsoon Palace also known as Sajjan Garh Palace The summer resort of the Maharajas is atop the hill overlooking all of the lakes. This palace had a way to collect rain water for consumption all year around.

Jagdish Temple

The Jagdish Temple is a large Hindu temple in the middle of Udaipur. It was built by Maharana Jagat Singh Ist in 1651 A.D. It is an example of Indo - Aryan architecture. This temple is a great example of architecture and art. The area is the main tourist place in the city. You can also find some special kind of things like rajasthani dress, paintings etc.

FATEH SAGAR LAKE

Fateh Sagar Lake is situated in the north of Lake Picholas. It was originally built by Maharana Jai Singh in the year 1678 AD, but later on reconstructed and extended by Maharana Fateh Singh after much destruction was caused by heavy rains. In 1993-1994, the water vanished from the lake, but in 2005-2006, the lake regained its water.

LAKE PICHOLA

Lake Pichola has two islands, Jag Niwas and the Jag Mandir. This lake is 4 km long and 3 km wide, originally built by Maharana Udai Singh II. There are many ghats, like the bathing and washing ghats, which can be approached through boats from the City Palace of Udaipur (Bansi Ghat). In the heart of the lake the Lake Palace stands, which is now converted into a heritage palace hotel. The lake remains fairly shallow even during heavy rains, and gets dry easily in times of severe drought.

SAHELION KI BARI

Sahelion ki Bari was laid for a group of forty-eight young women attendants who accompanied a princess to Udaipur as part of her dowry. The gardens set below the embankment of the Fatah Sagar Lake have lotus pools, marble pavilions and elephant-shaped fountains. These fountains are fed by the water of the lake gushing through ducts made for the purpose.

UDAIPUR IN POPULAR CULTURE

Udaipur is mentioned under the spelling Oodeypore in Rudyard Kipling's The Jungle Book as the birthplace of Bagheera, the fictional panther in the king's Menagerie.

Because of its picturesque and scenic locations, Udaipur has been the shooting location for many Hollywood and Bollywood movies. Indian sections of the James Bond film Octopussy were filmed in the city,[10] the Lake Palace, and the Monsoon Palace. The nearby desert was the backdrop of the remarkable rescue of Octopussy (Maud Adams) by Bond (Roger Moore). Some scenes from the British television series The Jewel in the Crown were filmed in Udaipur. The Disney channel film, The Cheetah Girls One World, was shot in Udaipur in January 2008. Additional non-Indian movies/TV serials filmed in Udaipur include: Darjeeling Limited, Opening Night, Heat and Dust, Indische Ring, Inside Octopussy, James Bond in India, Gandhi, and The Fall.

Some of the Bollywood movies shot here are Guide, Mera Saaya, Phool Bane Angaray, Kachche Dhaage, Mera Gaon Mera Desh, Jalmahal, Yaadein, Return of the thief of the bagdad, Eklavya: The Royal Guard, Dhamaal, Jis Desh Mei Ganga Rehta Hai, Chalo Ishq Ladaaye, Fiza, Gaddaar, Hum Hain Rahi Pyar Ke, Khuda Gawah, Kundan, Nandini, Saajan Ka Ghar,Yeh Jawaani Hai Deewani,Ramleela, In addition, many Bollywood films' songs were filmed in Udaipur. Udaipur is also the setting of Star Plus's hit serial Yeh Rishta Kya Kehlata Hai. TV serials Swayamber of Rakhi Sawant and Swayambar of Rahul Mahajan on NDTV Imagine also filmed here at Hotel Fatehgarh. A hit historical show by Contiloe Telefilms named "Maharana Pratap" on Sony is shooting in that place. The pop Star Shakira performed in a party on 15 November 2011 of real estate tycoon owner of DLF Kush Pal Singh.The Party was held in Jag Mandir Palace.

WIKIPEDIA

A barber (from the Latin barba, "beard") is a person whose occupation is mainly to cut, dress, groom, style and shave men's and boys' hair. A barber's place of work is known as a "barber shop" or a "barber's". Barber shops are also places of social interaction and public discourse. In some instances, barbershops are also public forums. They are the locations of open debates, voicing public concerns, and engaging citizens in discussions about contemporary issues. They were also influential in helping shape male identity.

In previous times, barbers (known as barber surgeons) also performed surgery and dentistry. With the development of safety razors and the decreasing prevalence of beards, in English-speaking cultures, most barbers now specialize in cutting men's scalp hair as opposed to facial hair.

TERMINOLOGY

In modern times, the term "barber" is used both as a professional title and to refer to hairdressers who specialize in men's hair. Historically, all hairdressers were considered barbers. In the 20th century, the profession of cosmetology branched off from barbering, and today hairdressers may be licensed as either barbers or cosmetologists. Barbers differ with respect to where they work, which services they are licensed to provide, and what name they use to refer to themselves. Part of this terminology difference depends on the regulations in a given location.

Different states in the US vary on their labor and licensing laws. For example, in Maryland, a cosmetologist cannot use a straight razor, strictly reserved for barbers. In contrast, in New Jersey both are regulated by the State Board of Cosmetology and there is no longer a legal difference in barbers and cosmetologists, as they are issued the same license and can practice both the art of straight razor shaving, colouring, other chemical work and haircutting if they choose.

In Australia, the official term for a barber is hairdresser; barber is only a popular title for men's hairdressers, although not as popular now as it was in the middle of the 20th century. Most would work in a hairdressing salon.

HISTORY

The barber's trade has a long history: razors have been found among relics of the Bronze Age (around 3500 BC) in Egypt. In ancient Egyptian culture, barbers were highly respected individuals. Priests and men of medicine are the earliest recorded examples of barbers. In some early tribes, a barber was one of the most important members, as it was believed that certain evil spirits could enter a person's body through their hair, and that cutting it was a way to drive them out. Due to their spiritual and religious beliefs, barbers even performed religious ceremonies, such as marriages and baptizing children. During these ceremonies, they would leave people's hair hanging down until after dancing; they would then cut the hair and tie it back tightly so that no evil spirits could enter and no good spirits could escape.

Men in Ancient Greece would have their beards, hair, and fingernails trimmed and styled by the κουρεύς (cureus), in an agora (market place) which also served as a social gathering for debates and gossip.

Barbering was introduced to Rome by the Greek colonies in Sicily in 296 BC, and barber shops quickly became very popular centres for daily news and gossip. A morning visit to the tonsor became a part of the daily routine, as important as the visit to the public baths, and a young man's first shave (tonsura) was considered an essential part of his coming of age ceremony.

A few Roman tonsores became wealthy and influential, running shops that were favourite public locations of high society; however, most were simple tradesmen, who owned small storefronts or worked in the streets for low prices.Starting from the Middle Ages, barbers often served as surgeons and dentists. In addition to haircutting, hairdressing, and shaving, barbers performed surgery, bloodletting and leeching, fire cupping, enemas, and the extraction of teeth; earning them the name "barber surgeons". The barber pole, featuring red and white spiraling stripes, symbolized different aspects of the craft. Barbers received higher pay than surgeons until surgeons were entered into British warships during naval wars. Some of the duties of the barber included neck manipulation, cleansing of ears and scalp, draining of boils, fistula and lancing of cysts with wicks.

19th CENTURY AND LATER

Barbershops were influential at the turn of the 19th century in helping to develop African American culture and economy. According to Trudier Harris, "In addition to its status as a gathering place, the black barbershop also functioned as a complicated and often contradictory microcosm of the larger world. It is an environment that can bolster egos and be supportive as well as a place where phony men can be destroyed, or at least highly shamed, from participation in verbal contests and other contests of skill. It is a retreat, a haven, an escape from nagging wives and the cares of the world. It is a place where men can be men. It is a place, in contrast to Gordone's bar, to be somebody."Late in the 19th century there were several noteworthy events in the barber profession that gave it an upward trend, and the effects are still carrying onward and upward. In 1893, A. B. Moler of Chicago, established a school for barbers. This was the first institution of its kind in the world, and its success was apparent from its very start. It stood for higher education in the ranks, and the parent school was rapidly followed by branches in nearly every principal city of the United States. In the beginning of barber schools, only the practical work of shaving, hair-cutting, facial treatments, etc., was taught as neither the public nor the profession were ready to accept scientific treatments of hair, skin and scalp. Not until about 1920 was much effort made to professionalize the work.

In the early 1900s an alternative word for barber, "chirotonsor", came into use in the USA.

The barber Sam Mature, whose interview with Studs Terkel was published in Terkel's 1974 book Working, says "A man used to get a haircut every couple weeks. Now he waits a month or two, some of 'em even longer than that. A lot of people would get manicured and fixed up every week. Most of these people retired, moved away, or passed away. It's all on account of long hair. You take old-timers, they wanted to look neat, to be presentable. Now people don't seem to care too much."

Despite the economic recession in 2008, the barber shop industry has seen continued positive growth.

Training to be a barber is achieved through various means around the world. In the USA, barber training is carried out at "Barber Schools".

Cost—Many states require a barber license in order to practice barbering professionally. The cost of barber school varies from state to state, and also from metro area to metro area. Schools in larger metropolitan areas tend to cost more than those located in more rural towns. Brand names can also affect the cost of barber school. Most barber schools cost between $6,500 and $10,000 to complete. Because each state has different minimums for training hours, the length and cost of the program can vary accordingly. Some schools tuition includes supplies and textbooks, whereas others do not. Barber license exam fees typically range from $50 to $150.

Length—Most states require the same amount of training hours for barbers as they do for cosmetologists. The number of hours required ranges from 800 to 2,000 training hours, depending on the state's licensing requirements. Most programs can be completed in 15 months or fewer.

Curriculum—The barber school curriculum consists of hair cutting, coloring and styling for men's hair and women's short hair. Chemical processes such as bleaching, dyeing, lightening and relaxing hair may also be taught. All cosmetology disciplines learn safety and sanitation best practices. Barber students can expect to learn some elements of anatomy, physiology, bacteriology and some small elements of pharmacology. It also teaches facial hair techniques, including traditional and modern shaves. Generally barber programs touch on scalp massage and treatments. Advanced barber training may include custom shave designs. It is more common in barbering schools than other cosmetology disciplines to get some business and ethics education, since entrepreneurship is especially common in the barbering trade with many professionals choosing to open their own barbershops. All the skills learned in barber school will be tested at the board exams, which typically feature a written and practical exam.

WIKIPEDIA

Tribunal de Première Instance (Court of First Instance), Casablanca (الدار البيضاء‎), Morocco - November 2014

The Monastery of the Holy Eucharist in Lindogon, Sibonga in Cebu province is run by Marian monks. The place is where several instances of the phenomena ~ whereby the image of the Virgin Mary shed tears in several instances starting in 1998. It is now very popular for Marian pilgrims and devotees who flock to the palace-like monastery. This transformed the once sleepy barangay into a popular destination. Daily, the monastery is visited by thousands of devotees from all over the country and even from foreign tourists. This crown structure is memorial of the victorious and powerful intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mother thru the Penitential Rosary Walk in 1998, against the killer epidemic hat struck the place, where several lives of poor children and infants had died. Built to honour Mary on the 8th year anniversary of the Monks arrival in Lindogon. Blessed on the 27th day of February, 2004.”

There are available coloured candles near the monastery. Proceeds of the candles will give part to the monks for funds. The following are coloured candles with its own purpose.

Gold: Healing (Good health, Recovery, Spiritual, Family Tree)

Green: Prosperity/Success (Exams, Study, Financial, Business)

Blue: Perseverance (Employment, Career, Assignment, Promotions)

Violet: Achievement (Plans in life, Struggles, Endeavours, Journeys, Voyage)

Red: Love (Utility, Friendship, Engagement, Family)

Yellow: Peace (Courage, Strength, Hope)

White: Purity (Enlightenment, Guidance, Right Path)

Orange: Reconciliation (Sweetheart, Wife, Husband, Enemy, Family)

Pink: Thanksgiving/Happiness/Joy (Spiritual, Physical)

Black: Souls (Forgiveness, Pardon)

Brown: Vocation (Marriage Bond, God’s Servant, Single life)

Grey: Deliverance (Bad ways, Things, Spirits)

Cream: Conversion/Faith (Children, Household, Couples)

A gentle reminder from the Catholic Bishops Conference of the Philippines, the following guidelines must be strictly followed and not allowed to wear inside the Monastery: wearing of tube & short blouses/dresses, fitting & transparent pants, spaghetti straps/sleeveless dress, mini skirts, shorts. While taking you to the Monastery, it is required to remove footwear before entering the Mother Mary’s prayer room. Cameras flash should be turned off while taking pictures so as not to interrupt/destruct others when praying. All Catholic & Non-Catholic are advised to please respect and observe solemnity inside the Church. Smoking is prohibited inside the premises. Parking area is situated to the right side of the entrance.

If you are from Cebu City taking you through Sibonga town proper to estimate of 50 kilometres southeast or travel time for about 2-hours and can be reached via any of the buses (air con/non air-con) that leaves regularly for Sibonga from the South Bus Terminal along N. Bacalso Ave. in Cebu City. Bus fare is less than a hundred pesos. The place is famous among all passengers, just ask the conductor to drop you off to the crossing in going to Birhen sa Simala. Mary’s pilgrimage is few kilometres away from the drop off point and you can reach the destination by riding in a motorcycles for hire habal-habal or public tricycles. The Monastery of the Holy Eucharist opens daily from 8:00 am - 6:00 pm.

Raipur WDP4D 40162 named as 'Mahanadi' departing Gorakhpur Junction with 11038 GKP-PUNE express on a saturday evening.

Diesel Loco Shed Raipur is situated in Raipur, Chattisgarh, and the Mahanadi is a major river in East Central India. It drains an area of around 141,600 square kilometres (54,700 sq mi) and has a total course of 858 kilometres (533 mi). Mahanadi is also known for the Hirakud Dam. The river flows through the states of Chhattisgarh and Odisha. The word Mahanadi is a compound of the Sanskrit words maha ("great") and nadi ("river").

The Mahanadi was notorious for its devastating floods for much of recorded history. Thus it was called 'The Sorrow of Orissa'. However, the construction of the Hirakud Dam has greatly altered the situation. Today a network of canals, barrages and check dams keep the river well in control. However heavy rain can still cause large scale flooding as evidenced in September, 2008 when 16 people died as the river breached its banks.

A barber (from the Latin barba, "beard") is a person whose occupation is mainly to cut, dress, groom, style and shave men's and boys' hair. A barber's place of work is known as a "barber shop" or a "barber's". Barber shops are also places of social interaction and public discourse. In some instances, barbershops are also public forums. They are the locations of open debates, voicing public concerns, and engaging citizens in discussions about contemporary issues. They were also influential in helping shape male identity.

In previous times, barbers (known as barber surgeons) also performed surgery and dentistry. With the development of safety razors and the decreasing prevalence of beards, in English-speaking cultures, most barbers now specialize in cutting men's scalp hair as opposed to facial hair.

TERMINOLOGY

In modern times, the term "barber" is used both as a professional title and to refer to hairdressers who specialize in men's hair. Historically, all hairdressers were considered barbers. In the 20th century, the profession of cosmetology branched off from barbering, and today hairdressers may be licensed as either barbers or cosmetologists. Barbers differ with respect to where they work, which services they are licensed to provide, and what name they use to refer to themselves. Part of this terminology difference depends on the regulations in a given location.

Different states in the US vary on their labor and licensing laws. For example, in Maryland, a cosmetologist cannot use a straight razor, strictly reserved for barbers. In contrast, in New Jersey both are regulated by the State Board of Cosmetology and there is no longer a legal difference in barbers and cosmetologists, as they are issued the same license and can practice both the art of straight razor shaving, colouring, other chemical work and haircutting if they choose.

In Australia, the official term for a barber is hairdresser; barber is only a popular title for men's hairdressers, although not as popular now as it was in the middle of the 20th century. Most would work in a hairdressing salon.

HISTORY

The barber's trade has a long history: razors have been found among relics of the Bronze Age (around 3500 BC) in Egypt. In ancient Egyptian culture, barbers were highly respected individuals. Priests and men of medicine are the earliest recorded examples of barbers. In some early tribes, a barber was one of the most important members, as it was believed that certain evil spirits could enter a person's body through their hair, and that cutting it was a way to drive them out. Due to their spiritual and religious beliefs, barbers even performed religious ceremonies, such as marriages and baptizing children. During these ceremonies, they would leave people's hair hanging down until after dancing; they would then cut the hair and tie it back tightly so that no evil spirits could enter and no good spirits could escape.

Men in Ancient Greece would have their beards, hair, and fingernails trimmed and styled by the κουρεύς (cureus), in an agora (market place) which also served as a social gathering for debates and gossip.

Barbering was introduced to Rome by the Greek colonies in Sicily in 296 BC, and barber shops quickly became very popular centres for daily news and gossip. A morning visit to the tonsor became a part of the daily routine, as important as the visit to the public baths, and a young man's first shave (tonsura) was considered an essential part of his coming of age ceremony.

A few Roman tonsores became wealthy and influential, running shops that were favourite public locations of high society; however, most were simple tradesmen, who owned small storefronts or worked in the streets for low prices.Starting from the Middle Ages, barbers often served as surgeons and dentists. In addition to haircutting, hairdressing, and shaving, barbers performed surgery, bloodletting and leeching, fire cupping, enemas, and the extraction of teeth; earning them the name "barber surgeons". The barber pole, featuring red and white spiraling stripes, symbolized different aspects of the craft. Barbers received higher pay than surgeons until surgeons were entered into British warships during naval wars. Some of the duties of the barber included neck manipulation, cleansing of ears and scalp, draining of boils, fistula and lancing of cysts with wicks.

19th CENTURY AND LATER

Barbershops were influential at the turn of the 19th century in helping to develop African American culture and economy. According to Trudier Harris, "In addition to its status as a gathering place, the black barbershop also functioned as a complicated and often contradictory microcosm of the larger world. It is an environment that can bolster egos and be supportive as well as a place where phony men can be destroyed, or at least highly shamed, from participation in verbal contests and other contests of skill. It is a retreat, a haven, an escape from nagging wives and the cares of the world. It is a place where men can be men. It is a place, in contrast to Gordone's bar, to be somebody."Late in the 19th century there were several noteworthy events in the barber profession that gave it an upward trend, and the effects are still carrying onward and upward. In 1893, A. B. Moler of Chicago, established a school for barbers. This was the first institution of its kind in the world, and its success was apparent from its very start. It stood for higher education in the ranks, and the parent school was rapidly followed by branches in nearly every principal city of the United States. In the beginning of barber schools, only the practical work of shaving, hair-cutting, facial treatments, etc., was taught as neither the public nor the profession were ready to accept scientific treatments of hair, skin and scalp. Not until about 1920 was much effort made to professionalize the work.

In the early 1900s an alternative word for barber, "chirotonsor", came into use in the USA.

The barber Sam Mature, whose interview with Studs Terkel was published in Terkel's 1974 book Working, says "A man used to get a haircut every couple weeks. Now he waits a month or two, some of 'em even longer than that. A lot of people would get manicured and fixed up every week. Most of these people retired, moved away, or passed away. It's all on account of long hair. You take old-timers, they wanted to look neat, to be presentable. Now people don't seem to care too much."

Despite the economic recession in 2008, the barber shop industry has seen continued positive growth.

Training to be a barber is achieved through various means around the world. In the USA, barber training is carried out at "Barber Schools".

Cost—Many states require a barber license in order to practice barbering professionally. The cost of barber school varies from state to state, and also from metro area to metro area. Schools in larger metropolitan areas tend to cost more than those located in more rural towns. Brand names can also affect the cost of barber school. Most barber schools cost between $6,500 and $10,000 to complete. Because each state has different minimums for training hours, the length and cost of the program can vary accordingly. Some schools tuition includes supplies and textbooks, whereas others do not. Barber license exam fees typically range from $50 to $150.

Length—Most states require the same amount of training hours for barbers as they do for cosmetologists. The number of hours required ranges from 800 to 2,000 training hours, depending on the state's licensing requirements. Most programs can be completed in 15 months or fewer.

Curriculum—The barber school curriculum consists of hair cutting, coloring and styling for men's hair and women's short hair. Chemical processes such as bleaching, dyeing, lightening and relaxing hair may also be taught. All cosmetology disciplines learn safety and sanitation best practices. Barber students can expect to learn some elements of anatomy, physiology, bacteriology and some small elements of pharmacology. It also teaches facial hair techniques, including traditional and modern shaves. Generally barber programs touch on scalp massage and treatments. Advanced barber training may include custom shave designs. It is more common in barbering schools than other cosmetology disciplines to get some business and ethics education, since entrepreneurship is especially common in the barbering trade with many professionals choosing to open their own barbershops. All the skills learned in barber school will be tested at the board exams, which typically feature a written and practical exam.

WIKIPEDIA

Many pictures have been taken of the Boise Idaho skyline, many I have taken myself. There are so many natural elements that can offer more to the typical skyline of our great city. I find myself looking for so some of these events, for instance, I knew that this morning Feb 21st 2016, a full moon was going to set over Boise about 30 mins before sunrise. Last week I Found exactly where it would set so I chose a location in the foothills to position it over Boise. For this show I was just above the Lewis and Clark garden in the Boise botanical gardens and below Table Rock. I liked this location because it required a long lens which make the moon big. It was a great morning. I was amazed to see how much light just the moon can put off. This image was shot a 6:44am with a 150mm lens at F4 for 4 seconds.

If you would like to purchase this image or see other of Boise Idaho please visit my web site: www.theknowlesgallery.com/Photography/Landscape/Boise-Ida...

I knew almost nothing about this roller-coaster before I strapped myself in for the ride - like for instance that it had SEVEN inversions amongst other death- and gravity-defying moves. Daniel told me it wasn't a rough riding, herky-jerky coaster, that it was a real smooth ride ... and I didn't notice beforehand that there weren't any other riders 'my age' ...

It was Silent Scream until just after the third inversion ... at which point I was able to catch my breath and scream ... along with everyone else!!

-----------------------------------

Montu, an inverted roller coaster at Busch Gardens Africa in Tampa, Florida, holds the record for the number of inversions on an inverted coaster with seven.

Inversions: 104-foot Vertical Loop, Immelmann, Zero-G Roll, Batwing, 60-foot Vertical Loop, Corkscrew

Montu, named after the Egyptian god of war Menthu, was designed by Bolliger & Mabillard of Switzerland - it is the park's second roller coaster designed by the company after the success of Kumba. The ride opened on May 16, 1996, and at its opening was the world's tallest and fastest inverted roller coaster. It is still one of the tallest and longest inverted roller coasters in the world. The ride stands at 150 feet tall and reaches 60 miles per hour.

The ride begins with a small dip turnaround out of the station. After the dip comes the lift hill that takes riders 150 feet into the sky. The drop then twists down 128 feet and into a 104 foot tall vertical loop, reaching speeds that go over 60 miles per hour. Following the vertical loop, an Immelmann loop comes next, and provides a 'foot chopper' element with the pylon. After completing the Immelmann, the train goes through a zero-G roll. Following the zero-G roll, riders are then flipped upside down twice during the Batwing element (a rare element found on inverted roller coasters). Following the Batwing, the trains slow down on the block brake before entering a twisting dive to the right and going through a 66-foot tall vertical loop and then into sweeping arches finishing off with a corkscrew finale. The batwing is two inversions, bringing the total to seven inversions. After the corkscrew, the 3 minute ride is over.

INVERSIONS:

The vertical loop is the most basic of roller coaster inversions. Specifically, the loop refers to a continuously upward-sloping section of track that eventually results in a complete 360 degree circle. At the top-most piece of the loop, riders are completely inverted.

An Immelmann loop is a popular inversion found on many roller coasters. In an Immelmann, riders enter a half loop and then go through a half twist and curve out in the opposite direction in which they came. The name "Immelmann" comes from Max Immelmann, a German pilot, who created the similar aircraft maneuver in World War I.

A zero-gravity roll is a roller coaster inversion, and is alternately called a "heartline spin" because its center of gravity is placed on the center of the rider's heart. The name for the roll comes from that fact that the rider feels a zero g-force, giving the feeling of weightlessness. Essentially, a zero-gravity roll is a hill with a 360 degree twist in the middle.

A batwing is a heart-shaped roller coaster inversion that consists of two loops that turn riders upside down twice. The train goes into a mini-reverse sidewinder, followed by a mini-sidewinder. The batwing has different names depending on the manufacturer - it is also called a boomerang.

The corkscrew (B&M: flat spin/ wing over) is a roller coaster inversion which most often resembles a loop that has been 'widened' in terms of the element's entrance and exit points being a distance away from each other. The main difference is that riders are inverted at a point angled 90° horizontally from the incoming track, whereas in a loop, the inversion comes parallel to the track, but traveling in the opposite direction. It is so named due to its resemblance to the corkscrew tool used to remove corks from bottles. Riders enter the corkscrew element and are transported significantly to the left or right while being flipped upside down 360 degrees.

(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roller_coaster_elements)

Location: Busch Gardens (Africa, Egypt section)

Type: Steel - Inverted Multielement

Train Mfg: Bolliger and Mabillard

Opened: May 16, 1996

Model: Inverted Coaster

Height: 150 ft (46 m)

Drop: 128 ft (39 m)

Length: 3,983 ft (1,214 m)

Max speed: 60 mph (97 km/h)

Inversions: 7

Duration: 3:00 minutes

Max vertical angle: 50°

Max g-force: 3.85

Min g-force: 0

The Monastery of the Holy Eucharist in Lindogon, Sibonga in Cebu province is run by Marian monks. The place is where several instances of the phenomena ~ whereby the image of the Virgin Mary shed tears in several instances starting in 1998. It is now very popular for Marian pilgrims and devotees who flock to the palace-like monastery. This transformed the once sleepy barangay into a popular destination. Daily, the monastery is visited by thousands of devotees from all over the country and even from foreign tourists. This crown structure is memorial of the victorious and powerful intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mother thru the Penitential Rosary Walk in 1998, against the killer epidemic hat struck the place, where several lives of poor children and infants had died. Built to honour Mary on the 8th year anniversary of the Monks arrival in Lindogon. Blessed on the 27th day of February, 2004.”

There are available coloured candles near the monastery. Proceeds of the candles will give part to the monks for funds. The following are coloured candles with its own purpose.

Gold: Healing (Good health, Recovery, Spiritual, Family Tree)

Green: Prosperity/Success (Exams, Study, Financial, Business)

Blue: Perseverance (Employment, Career, Assignment, Promotions)

Violet: Achievement (Plans in life, Struggles, Endeavours, Journeys, Voyage)

Red: Love (Utility, Friendship, Engagement, Family)

Yellow: Peace (Courage, Strength, Hope)

White: Purity (Enlightenment, Guidance, Right Path)

Orange: Reconciliation (Sweetheart, Wife, Husband, Enemy, Family)

Pink: Thanksgiving/Happiness/Joy (Spiritual, Physical)

Black: Souls (Forgiveness, Pardon)

Brown: Vocation (Marriage Bond, God’s Servant, Single life)

Grey: Deliverance (Bad ways, Things, Spirits)

Cream: Conversion/Faith (Children, Household, Couples)

A gentle reminder from the Catholic Bishops Conference of the Philippines, the following guidelines must be strictly followed and not allowed to wear inside the Monastery: wearing of tube & short blouses/dresses, fitting & transparent pants, spaghetti straps/sleeveless dress, mini skirts, shorts. While taking you to the Monastery, it is required to remove footwear before entering the Mother Mary’s prayer room. Cameras flash should be turned off while taking pictures so as not to interrupt/destruct others when praying. All Catholic & Non-Catholic are advised to please respect and observe solemnity inside the Church. Smoking is prohibited inside the premises. Parking area is situated to the right side of the entrance.

If you are from Cebu City taking you through Sibonga town proper to estimate of 50 kilometres southeast or travel time for about 2-hours and can be reached via any of the buses (air con/non air-con) that leaves regularly for Sibonga from the South Bus Terminal along N. Bacalso Ave. in Cebu City. Bus fare is less than a hundred pesos. The place is famous among all passengers, just ask the conductor to drop you off to the crossing in going to Birhen sa Simala. Mary’s pilgrimage is few kilometres away from the drop off point and you can reach the destination by riding in a motorcycles for hire habal-habal or public tricycles. The Monastery of the Holy Eucharist opens daily from 8:00 am - 6:00 pm.

Upon some points a believer is absolutely sure. He knows, for instance, that God sits in the stern-sheets of the vessel when it rocks most. He believes that an invisible hand is always on the world’s tiller, and that wherever providence may drift, Jehovah steers it. That re-assuring knowledge prepares him for everything. He looks over the raging waters and sees the spirit of Jesus treading the billows, and he hears a voice saying, “It is I, be not afraid” He knows too that God is always wise, and, knowing this, he is confident that there can be no accidents, no mistakes; that nothing can occur which ought not to arise. He can say, “If I should lose all I have, it is better that I should lose than have, if God so wills: the worst calamity is the wisest and the kindest thing that could befall to me if God ordains it” “We know that all things work together for good to them that love God” The Christian does not merely hold this as a theory, but he knows it as a matter of fact. Everything has worked for good as yet; the poisonous drugs mixed in fit proportions have worked the cure; the sharp cuts of the lancet have cleansed out the proud flesh and facilitated the healing. Every event as yet has worked out the most divinely blessed results; and so, believing that God rules all, that he governs wisely, that he brings good out of evil, the believer’s heart is assured, and he is enabled calmly to meet each trial as it comes. The believer can in the spirit of true resignation pray, “Send me what thou wilt, my God, so long as it comes from thee; never came there an ill portion from thy table to any of thy children” “Say not my soul, ‘From whence can God relieve my care?’ Remember that Omnipotence has servants everywhere. His method is sublime, his heart profoundly kind, God never is before his time, and never is behind.”

My prayer,

Oh Father in Heaven guide our path today and forgive us our forthcoming sins. Sorry for everything Father. Make our heart warm and clean and our thoughts genuine. Keep us away from harm, our lips from insignificant words. Show us mercy Lord.

Help us survive today with victory. In Jesus Name, Amen.

The Monastery of the Holy Eucharist in Lindogon, Sibonga in Cebu province is run by Marian monks. The place is where several instances of the phenomena ~ whereby the image of the Virgin Mary shed tears in several instances starting in 1998. It is now very popular for Marian pilgrims and devotees who flock to the palace-like monastery. This transformed the once sleepy barangay into a popular destination. Daily, the monastery is visited by thousands of devotees from all over the country and even from foreign tourists. This crown structure is memorial of the victorious and powerful intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mother thru the Penitential Rosary Walk in 1998, against the killer epidemic hat struck the place, where several lives of poor children and infants had died. Built to honour Mary on the 8th year anniversary of the Monks arrival in Lindogon. Blessed on the 27th day of February, 2004.”

There are available coloured candles near the monastery. Proceeds of the candles will give part to the monks for funds. The following are coloured candles with its own purpose.

Gold: Healing (Good health, Recovery, Spiritual, Family Tree)

Green: Prosperity/Success (Exams, Study, Financial, Business)

Blue: Perseverance (Employment, Career, Assignment, Promotions)

Violet: Achievement (Plans in life, Struggles, Endeavours, Journeys, Voyage)

Red: Love (Utility, Friendship, Engagement, Family)

Yellow: Peace (Courage, Strength, Hope)

White: Purity (Enlightenment, Guidance, Right Path)

Orange: Reconciliation (Sweetheart, Wife, Husband, Enemy, Family)

Pink: Thanksgiving/Happiness/Joy (Spiritual, Physical)

Black: Souls (Forgiveness, Pardon)

Brown: Vocation (Marriage Bond, God’s Servant, Single life)

Grey: Deliverance (Bad ways, Things, Spirits)

Cream: Conversion/Faith (Children, Household, Couples)

A gentle reminder from the Catholic Bishops Conference of the Philippines, the following guidelines must be strictly followed and not allowed to wear inside the Monastery: wearing of tube & short blouses/dresses, fitting & transparent pants, spaghetti straps/sleeveless dress, mini skirts, shorts. While taking you to the Monastery, it is required to remove footwear before entering the Mother Mary’s prayer room. Cameras flash should be turned off while taking pictures so as not to interrupt/destruct others when praying. All Catholic & Non-Catholic are advised to please respect and observe solemnity inside the Church. Smoking is prohibited inside the premises. Parking area is situated to the right side of the entrance.

If you are from Cebu City taking you through Sibonga town proper to estimate of 50 kilometres southeast or travel time for about 2-hours and can be reached via any of the buses (air con/non air-con) that leaves regularly for Sibonga from the South Bus Terminal along N. Bacalso Ave. in Cebu City. Bus fare is less than a hundred pesos. The place is famous among all passengers, just ask the conductor to drop you off to the crossing in going to Birhen sa Simala. Mary’s pilgrimage is few kilometres away from the drop off point and you can reach the destination by riding in a motorcycles for hire habal-habal or public tricycles. The Monastery of the Holy Eucharist opens daily from 8:00 am - 6:00 pm.

Vienna Regional Court for Criminal Matters

The Vienna Regional Court for Criminal Matters (colloquially referred to as "landl" (Landesgericht)) is one of 20 regional courts in Austria and the largest court in Austria. It is located in the 8th District of Vienna, Josefstadt, at the Landesgerichtsstraße 11. It is a court of first respectively second instance. A prisoners house, the prison Josefstadt, popularly often known as the "Grey House" is connected.

Court Organization

In this complex there are:

the Regional Court for Criminal Matters Vienna,

the Vienna District Attorney (current senior prosecutor Maria-Luise Nittel)

the Jurists association-trainee lawer union (Konzipientenverband) and

the largest in Austria existing court house jail, the Vienna Josefstadt prison.

The Regional Criminal Court has jurisdiction in the first instance for crimes and offenses that are not pertain before the district court. Depending on the severity of the crime, there is a different procedure. Either decides

a single judge,

a senate of lay assessors

or the jury court.

In the second instance, the District Court proceeds appeals and complaints against judgments of district courts. A three-judge Court decides here whether the judgment is canceled or not and, if necessary, it establishes a new sentence.

The current President Friedrich Forsthuber is supported by two Vice Presidents - Henriette Braitenberg-Zennenberg and Eve Brachtel.

In September 2012, the following data have been published

Austria's largest court

270 office days per year

daily 1500 people

70 judges, 130 employees in the offices

5300 proceedings (2011) for the custodial judges and legal protection magistrates, representing about 40 % of the total Austrian juridical load of work

over 7400 procedures at the trial judges (30 % of the total Austrian juridical load of work)

Prosecution with 93 prosecutors and 250 employees

19,000 cases against 37,000 offenders (2011 )

Josefstadt prison with 1,200 inmates (overcrowded)

History

1839-1918

The original building of the Vienna Court House, the so-called civil Schranne (corn market), was from 1440 to 1839 located at the Hoher Markt 5. In 1773 the Schrannenplatz was enlarged under Emperor Joseph II and the City Court and the Regional Court of the Viennese Magistrate in this house united. From this time it bore the designation "criminal court".

Due to shortcomings of the prison rooms in the Old Court on Hoher Markt was already at the beginning of the 19th Century talk of building a new crime courthouse, but this had to be postponed because of bankruptcy in 1811.

In 1816 the construction of the criminal court building was approved. Although in the first place there were voices against a construction outside the city, as building ground was chosen the area of the civil Schießstätte (shooting place) and the former St. Stephanus-Freithofes in then Alservorstadt (suburb); today, in this part Josefstadt. The plans of architect Johann Fischer were approved in 1831, and in 1832 was began with the construction, which was completed in 1839. On 14 May 1839 was held the first meeting of the Council.

Provincial Court at the Landesgerichtsstraße between November 1901 and 1906

Johann Fischer fell back in his plans to Tuscan early Renaissance palaces as the Pitti Palace or Palazzo Pandolfini in Florence. The building was erected on a 21,872 m² plot with a length of 223 meters. It had two respectively three floors (upper floors), the courtyard was divided into three wings, in which the prisoner's house stood. In addition, a special department for the prison hospital (Inquisitenspital ) and a chapel were built.

The Criminal Court of Vienna was from 1839 to 1850 a city court which is why the Vice Mayor of Vienna was president of the criminal courts in civil and criminal matters at the same time. In 1850 followed the abolition of municipal courts. The state administration took over the Criminal Court on 1 Juli 1850. From now on, it had the title "K.K. Country's criminal court in Vienna".

1851, juries were introduced. Those met in the large meeting hall, then as now, was on the second floor of the office wing. The room presented a double height space (two floors). 1890/1891 followed a horizontal subdivision. Initially, the building stood all alone there. Only with the 1858 in the wake of the demolition of the city walls started urban expansion it was surrounded by other buildings.

From 1870 to 1878, the Court experienced numerous conversions. Particular attention was paid to the tract that connects directly to the Alserstraße. On previously building ground a three-storey arrest tract and the Jury Court tract were built. New supervened the "Neutrakt", which presented a real extension and was built three respectively four storied. From 1873 on, executions were not executed publicly anymore but only in the prison house. The first execution took place on 16 December 1876 in the "Galgenhof" (gallow courtyard), the accused were hanged there on the Würgegalgen (choke gallow).

By 1900 the prisoners house was extended. In courtyard II of the prison house kitchen, laundry and workshop buildings and a bathing facility for the prisoners were created. 1906/1907 the office building was enlarged. The two-storied wing tract got a third and three-storied central section a fourth floor fitted.

1918-1938

In the early years of the First Republic took place changes of the court organization. Due to the poor economy and the rapid inflation, the number of cases and the number of inmates rose sharply. Therefore, it was in Vienna on 1 October 1920 established a second Provincial Court, the Regional Court of Criminal Matters II Vienna, as well as an Expositur of the prisoner house at Garnisongasse.

One of the most important trials of the interwar period was the shadow village-process (Schattendorfprozess - nomen est omen!), in which on 14th July 1927, the three defendants were acquitted. In January 1927 front fighters had shot into a meeting of the Social Democratic Party of Austria, killing two people. The outrage over the acquittal was great. At a mass demonstration in front of the Palace of Justice on 15th July 1927, which mainly took place in peaceful manner, invaded radical elements in the Palace of Justice and set fire ( Fire of the Palace Justice), after which the overstrained police preyed upon peaceful protesters fleeing from the scene and caused many deaths.

The 1933/1934 started corporate state dictatorship had led sensational processes against their opponents: examples are the National Socialists processes 1934 and the Socialists process in 1936 against 28 "illegal" socialists and two Communists, in which among others the later leaders Bruno Kreisky and Franz Jonas sat on the dock.

Also in 1934 in the wake of the February Fights and the July Coup a series of processes were carried out by summary courts and military courts. Several ended with death sentences that were carried out by hanging in "Galgenhof" of the district court .

1938-1945

The first measures the Nazis at the Regional Criminal Court after the "Anschluss" of Austria to the German Reich in 1938 had carried out, consisted of the erection of a monument to ten Nazis, during the processes of the events in July 1934 executed, and of the creation of an execution space (then space 47 C, today consecration space where 650 names of resistance fighters are shown) with a guillotine supplied from Berlin (then called device F, F (stands for Fallbeil) like guillotine).

During the period of National Socialism were in Vienna Regional Court of 6 December 1938 to 4th April 1945 1.184 persons executed. Of those, 537 were political death sentences against civilians, 67 beheadings of soldiers, 49 war-related offenses, 31 criminal cases. Among those executed were 93 women in all age groups, including a 16-year-old girl and a 72-year-old woman who had both been executed for political reasons.

On 30 June 1942 were beheaded ten railwaymen from Styria and Carinthia, who were active in the resistance. On 31 July 1943, 31 people were beheaded in an hour, a day later, 30. The bodies were later handed over to the Institute of Anatomy at the University of Vienna and remaining body parts buried later without a stir at Vienna's Central Cemetery in shaft graves. To thein the Nazi era executed, which were called "Justifizierte" , belonged the nun Maria Restituta Kafka and the theology student Hannsgeorg Heintschel-Heinegg.

The court at that time was directly subordinated to the Ministry of Justice in Berlin.

1945-present

The A-tract (Inquisitentrakt), which was destroyed during a bombing raid in 1944 was built in the Second Republic again. This was also necessary because of the prohibition law of 8 May 1945 and the Criminal Law of 26 June 1945 courts and prisons had to fight with an overcrowding of unprecedented proportions.

On 24 March 1950, the last execution took place in the Grey House. Women murderer Johann Trnka had two women attacked in his home and brutally murdered, he had to bow before this punishment. On 1 July 1950 the death penalty was abolished in the ordinary procedure by Parliament. Overall, occured in the Regionl Court of Criminal Matters 1248 executions. In 1967, the execution site was converted into a memorial.

In the early 1980s, the building complex was revitalized and expanded. The building in the Florianigasse 8, which previously had been renovated, served during this time as an emergency shelter for some of the departments. In 1994, the last reconstruction, actually the annex of the courtroom tract, was completed. In 2003, the Vienna Juvenile Court was dissolved as an independent court, iIts agendas were integrated in the country's criminal court.

Prominent processes since 1945, for example, the Krauland process in which a ÖVP (Österreichische Volkspartei - Austrian People's Party) minister was accused of offenses against properties, the affair of the former SPÖ (Sozialistische Partei Österreichs - Austrian Socialist Party) Minister and Trade Unions president Franz Olah, whose unauthorized financial assistance resulted in a newspaper establishment led to conviction, the murder affairs Sassak and the of the Lainzer nurses (as a matter of fact, auxiliary nurses), the consumption (Konsum - consumer cooporatives) process, concerning the responsibility of the consumer Manager for the bankruptcy of the company, the Lucona proceedings against Udo Proksch, a politically and socially very well- networked man, who was involved in an attempted insurance fraud, several people losing their lives, the trial of the Nazi Holocaust denier David Irving for Wiederbetätigung (re-engagement in National Socialist activities) and the BAWAG affair in which it comes to breaches of duty by bank managers and vanished money.

Presidents of the Regional Court for Criminal Matters in Vienna since 1839 [edit ]

Josef Hollan (1839-1844)

Florian Philipp (1844-1849)

Eduard Ritter von Wittek (1850-1859)

Franz Ritter von Scharschmied (1859-1864)

Franz Ritter von Boschan (1864-1872)

Franz Josef Babitsch (1873-1874)

Joseph Ritter von Weitenhiller (1874-1881)

Franz Schwaiger (1881-1889)

Eduard Graf Lamezan -Salins (1889-1895)

Julius von Soos (1895-1903)

Paul von Vittorelli (1903-1909)

Johann Feigl (1909-1918)

Karl Heidt (1918-1919)

Ludwig Altmann (1920-1929)

Emil Tursky (1929-1936)

Philipp Charwath (1936-1938)

Otto Nahrhaft (1945-1950)

Rudolf Naumann (1951-1954)

Wilhelm Malaniu (1955-1963)

Johann Schuster (1963-1971)

Konrad Wymetal (1972-1976)

August Matouschek (1977-1989)

Günter Woratsch (1990-2004)

Ulrike Psenner (2004-2009)

Friedrich Forsthuber (since 2010)

de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landesgericht_f%C3%BCr_Strafsachen_...

Located approximately 50 miles south of Milwaukee, Wisconsin and 40 miles north of Chicago, the Zion facility is in the process of being decommissioned. Eventually, the whole structure will be removed even desks and chairs, in short, anything at all that might even have the slightest radioactive contamination; and there will be objects that have it.

The issue here is nuclear plant safety and it applies to all facilities no matter where they are located. The Zion plant is a good example of the numerous issues involved. For instance, what if there had been a situation similar to Fukushima? A double reactor core meltdown and spent fuel pool damage with massive, potentially catastrophic radiation release in a geographical area with a huge population, one much larger than in Fukushima prefecture. How would you protect people or evacuate before they were overtaken by a plume of radiation containing cancer causing fission products like cesium-137 and iodine-131?

Nuclear plants are built on 'design-basis' contingencies. In other words, what the company, NRC, the state in which it is located, and other stakeholders think is likely to happen accident-wise. At Fukushima it was not thought there could ever be a combination of earthquake magnitude 9.0 and a massive tsunami capable of inundating the coastline even though there was historical proof that that area had suffered from massive tsunamis in the past. Consequently, the seawall was not high enough to fight off the tsunami wave that flooded the entire plant and knocked out all power, creating what is known as 'station blackout' where all AC power has been lost. The wave also knocked out the on-site DC generators. With no power the molten reactor core began to boil off the cooling water. The severity of the natural event destroyed nearby roads and infrastructure creating chaos, leaving the facility pretty much isolated. The water boiled away and core meltdown began.

There is a strong argument that all facilities should be constructed on a 'beyond-design-basis' plan. In other words, try to factor in the seeming improbable, unlikely set of events, especially with emphasis on maintaining DC power for days and not just hours in case of a severe accident.

As you can see from the images, the Zion facility looks very vulnerable. The Lake Michigan water level is low, but what is there to prevent it from rising? There's no seawall there to deflect the water. Granted, it is unlikely there could be a tsunami in the lake, but there could be other ways the lake could suddenly rise and flood the plant. This is especially true of other still operating plants that are downstream from dams. What if the dam burst?

LaSalle, Illinois has a boiling water reactor similar to the ones at Fukushima. Could it withstand an F5 tornado? An F5 hit the south suburbs of Chicago in 1990. And the tornado would not have to strike the plant directly. It could knock out all AC power and cripple the plant. Would they be able to maintain cooling long enough before core meltdown began? A fifty mile evacuation zone around LaSalle includes all but the far northern suburbs of Chicago. The plant is built of concrete and reinforced steel; but the winds of an F5 tornado are around 250 to 300 miles an hour. We've all seen news footage of what destruction a tornado can cause. Hard to believe there's any facility that could survive a storm of that ferocity. Don't want to think about that scenario.

The nuclear industry is privately owned and operated for profit. Would companies make very expensive safety improvements if it hurts the precious bottom line? I think the answer to that is pretty clear.

So we all need to be very concerned about what is happening in this industry. Almost every plant in the country, and probably the world, has had some type of accident or radiation release. The chances of accidents happening are numerous, including weather events, fire, equipment failure, aging equipment and, perhaps most importantly of all, human error and the sometimes frailty of the human condition. For instance, the manager of one unnamed plant came to work drunk. A security guard at another once shot himself in the foot. In what is termed force-on-force security testing plant 'invaders', or 'intruders' sometimes win the contest with the security guards and enter the facility.

Back to safety one more time. Spent fuel pools. The spent fuel must be kept cool. The Unit 4 pool at Fukushima is said to have contained 14,000 the amount of radiation released by the Hiroshima atomic bomb. In the United States the tendency is to pack the fuel more densely into the pools to the amount of five times that of Fukushima Unit 4. Do the math.

The Zion plant still has 1500 tons of spent fuel in its pool. Eventually, it is slated to be transferred, or is already being transferred, to dry cask strorage which will be kept on-site and under armed guard indefinitely. Dry casks are concrete and steel containers that are air-cooled.

Information gleaned from the following sources:

Dr. Helen Caldicott and Nuclear Free Planet. org;

Beyond Nuclear.org

Union of Concerned Scientists.org and the book entitled 'Fukushima: The Story of a Nuclear Disaster

NEIS.org

and various other sources too numerous to mention.

A 'good' documentary to watch is called Chernobyl Heart. You can find it on You Tube.

In this instance, the stick is set to a measure (line length) of 24 ems. You hold the stick in your left hand, holding the type in place with your thumb. Three or four lines is a sensible amount to keep in the stick at one time before transferring it to the galley; it's also a sensible weight.

Do not drop the type.

The purpose of this project is to research a social issue through photography. I chose to examine the health issues which exist nowadays. I shot many different factors which affect health, for instance, as fruits and vegetables maintain a balanced body condition, alcohol and junk food do the exact opposite. The top pictures represent disadvantages as the bottom benefits.

As I brainstormed image ideas for my topic, the first thought which come to mind was different types of medication such as vitamins and pills, hence my center image. I placed a few medicine containers in a manner where a few bottles are exposed to the sunlight while the rest aren’t. I find the transition from the high exposure in the front to the low exposure in the back intriguing.

The top left picture is of a woman smoking a cigarette. I made sure to focus on the cigarette, as the background and the woman’s face are quite blurry. A single cigarette contains over 4,800 chemicals, 69 of which are known to cause cancer - therefore it’s quite self explanatory of how unhealthy they are and what kind of damage they can cause to one’s lungs.

To the right is an image of several junk foods including soda, potato chips, and oreo cookies. These snacks contain large amounts of sugar which is concerning since children consume them on a daily basis. I enhanced the saturation to make the green and red colors more vibrant.

Under the top left picture is an image of a woman drinking a bottle of beer. Drinking large amounts of alcoholic beverages can cause severe damage to one’s liver and brain, which is hazardous as it is life threatening.

To the right of the sugary snacks image is a picture of a McDonald’s place. Fast food served in places of this kind is extremely unhealthy as it is greasy, sugary, and fattening. I enhanced the saturation to make the red and yellow colors stand out from the blue sky.

Another image to the right is of a beloved beverage all around the globe - coffee. I made sure to completely focus on the drink. Unfortunately, the yummy drink is immensely unhealthy as it is consisted of large amounts of caffeine and sugar. Coffee shops are everywhere and the drink is constantly consumed, creating a serious health issue.

Below that is a picture of a boy deeply concentrated on his cell phone and laptop. Although technology has its benefits, it is also a source of obsession among children, teenagers, and even adults. Not to mention the damage it may cause to eyesight.

Moving on to the benefits; underneath is an image of frozen yogurt. I focused on the cup and kept the shop logo blurry. Frozen yogurt is a great alternative for ice cream as the taste is almost identical yet the large amounts of sugar being consumed are cut. This image is meant to display how important it is to prevent eating the sugary foods the world has to offer, and try finding healthier alternatives for them.

Further down is a picture of a boy drinking water. I zoomed in on his face and concentrated on it. It is important to hydrate yourself constantly to prevent dehydration and any kind of sun damage.

The bottom right image is of a fruit bowl containing grapes, apples, and bananas. I increased the saturation to enhance the colors of the image. Fruits are a healthy snack for an unexpected sweet tooth.

To the left is a stopped motion picture of a boy playing with a soccer ball. I enhanced the vibrancy of it to make it more colorful. This image is meant to display the significance of taking part in physical activities.

To the left is a picture of a boy enjoying vegetables, and raising a carrot to his forehead making him look like a unicorn. I increased the saturation to make the colors of the vegetables pop.

The bottom left image is a stopped motion of a basketball mid air, aimed towards the hoop. I enhanced the colors of the image by increasing the saturation. This is also meant to represent the significance of participating in physical activities.

Above that is a picture of a boy’s face protected from the sun by a hat. I zoomed in on the upper portion of the boy’s face to capture this shot. Sun protection such as head-wear and sunblock is essential to prevent skin diseases and dehydration.

The last picture is of a boy sleeping. I shot it in a way where only his head is exposed to the sunlight. I brightened the pic to make sure his body wasn’t too underexposed. Sleeping for at least 8 hours every night is important to stay energized and productive.

All in all, this project broadened my knowledge of current health issues. It raised my awareness of the matter and hopefully it did for you too.

2009 Daily Journal Page Challenge Day 127

Every once in a while I create something and then look at it and say....this is...interesting! For instance, this spread -- a woman's naked torso; some flattened ginkgo leaves; the words "body" (part of the ginkgo supplement advertisement); and, the added found words -- "FIND PERFECT". I have never been happy with my body -- I ahve never found it perfect. Isn't that wild? Isn't that crazy? No, not really, because 97% of all women are dissatisfied with some aspect of their body. Why is that? I guess we could blame it on advertising, the fashion industry, our mothers, men. But really, it all comes down to why are you so hateful of your own body? Why can't you celebrate what God gave you? And is there a "perfect" body? Well, in the 1600's (maybe 1700's?) "Rubenesque" curves were the rage. In the 1920's skinny , small-breasted flappers were the ideal. In the 50's and 60's bullet-breasted vixens were the rage. In the 60's and 70's tall, anorexic teens were in vogue. It's constantly changing, there is no norm, there is no perfect. No, I don't think there's a "perfect" body. So it all comes down to this -- Do I say, This is what God gave me? Do I say, Thank you for two strong legs, strong arms, and a healthy heart? Do I feel the wind in my hair and declare -- this is me -- (my) body (I) find perfect!

Welcome to the tail end of Summer 2020. It's been a strange one, and depending on where you are on the planet, things are either starting to reopen, or you're being told that things are getting wonky again.

As you can tell, I always keep my eyes open to see what kind of interesting things are being sold in the classifieds. A few weeks ago, I bought this Figma from a local seller: Sword Art Online II Sinon for $50 CAD.

As in most instances, I know nothing of the property, and it is generally the character design that captures my attention. That is still the case, with the light Aqua Green hair and Olive/White body suit just jumped out at me. Sinon is not particularly busty or curvy, but does have a stylish scarf.

But there was more that attracted my attention.

You might notice that the series is called "Sword Art Online"... then you might notice that Sinon is a sniper, which makes you wonder how exactly this works in a series with the word "Sword" in its title. I still don't know exactly how it works, just that everything is Virtual Reality based and that I guess this series had them in a Virtual Reality world that used guns.

With my exemplary mastery of the background explained, lets move on to the figure.

Released in 2017 for 5,400 Yen or so, the contents of the set are fairly typical. You get the figure, three total face plates (smiling, neutral, gritted teeth) two total rear of head pieces (one to allow for more neck articulation), a pistol with muzzle flash effect, her Hecate II sniper rifle with deployed stand part, a short and long stock, and a shoulder strap. You of course get a variety of posing hands, and the standard Figma dynamic stand.

From what I can tell, the recreation of Sinon in Figma form was handled pretty well, with the slight exception of her head being a big on the small side. As mentioned above, I like the colours and the fact she's a sniper. But from a design perspective, I'm grateful for the extra head that allows for increased range of motion, and the fact the bangs are made of a soft, rubbery plastic that allows for Sinon's face to be closer to the ground.

The latter two help to make those sniper poses that much more accurate with this figure.

Otherwise, if we look at the usuals, there should be any surprises here. Sinon posses typical Figma articulation points, so ankles, single jointed knees, hips with some thigh twist, some waist, mid torso, shoulders with some collapse and bicep swivel, single jionted enblows, wrists, and head. There are also dedicated articulation points for her scarf pieces.

General range of motion isn't bad at all, just not as good as a similarly sized Figuarts figure (mostly felt in the lower body), but thanks to the items mentioned above she can pull off the prone Sniper pose quite well.

Paint quality is exactly what you'd expect from a Figma - great overall paint work, with smooth paint apps every with the exception of masking, which can look rough depending on how anal retentive you area. I really like how the face plates turned out - the base sculpt is well done, and the great paint and decal work serves to further highlight this fact. Hands are crisply painted.

Build quality is again, pretty much what I was expecting. Joints that get the job done, no overt issues with regards to seams and rough finishes, and the body will hold poses as designed. For some reason, however, I noticed that the muzzle of the rifle was not square. As I bought this second hand, I'm not sure if this was the result of a repair, or maybe it left the factory like this. If it is a factory error, It's certainly the first time I've seen an error like this on a Figma.

Odd error aside, what is the takeaway from all this?

Well, Sinon is well made, and has the qualities you'd expect from a Figma release. As far as sniper figures go, Sinon's shoulder articulation isn't as good as Widowmaker so she can position her weapon better, but Sinon definitely has the prone position advantage.

I've got one more SAO related piece on the way, but that's about all I can foresee in the future unless I find them for fire sale prices. Only the super expensive designs intrigue me, and at that point I might as well go all in on Fate figures cause lets face it - they certainly have better overall designs.

These vintage Gillette date codes allow you to do some detective work. For instance, the numbers here show this Old Type was manufactured on the eve of World War I.

The production code here, stamped on the head of the razor, is C456,18x - I can’t make out the final digit – it could be a five, six or eight, or possibly a three. But never mind, because we have enough information to go on. According to the Gillette dating wiki over on Badger and Blade, the company used productions codes C407,807 through C578,360 in 1914.

A very rough calculation suggests the codes would have advanced roughly 14,200 each month through 1914, if you assume a steady rate of production. This, then, would date mine - in the 450,000's - to around March 1914.

Warming to the theme, I’d feel pretty safe in saying that the brassing to the head and the end of the handle, which cannot be entirely seen in this picture, shows that it’s been used over a long period of time. I’d say it was shaving through World War I, the Great Depression, World War II and the greater part of the Cold War.

How can I say that? When I bought it, the razor held a Gillette Super Stainless Steel blade from 1979/'80. (It carried the production code A3, and you can track those down, too.)

Was it used between 1914 and 1980? That’s a period of 66 years. Quite probably, although I’d guess it had more than one owner during this time and so maybe took the occaisional time out. I’d also guess it got set aside at the start of the eighties, before making its way, via an eBay seller, to me in 2011. I've cleaned it up and put it back to use.

This picture also shows the three-part design. The top plate screws into a holder which runs up the inside of the hollow handle. This design neatly pulls the top plate downwards when you are replacing a razor blade. This also means the razor is adjustable - slacken the 'nut' at the end of the razor for an even more scarily aggressive ride. It's a beautifully simple design.

But above all I’m a history nut, and I’m drawn to the First World War. I love the idea of my cleaning and polishing this item and putting it back to the use it was manufactured for.

More about the cleaning process here: www.flickr.com/photos/38722915@N04/5770093082/in/photostream

And here's a great picture I found elsewhere on Flickr to show what the fashionable lady of March 1914 was wearing: www.flickr.com/photos/christine592/3361830346/

And here's the Gillette dating wiki: wiki.badgerandblade.com/index.php/US_Gillette_Dating_Info...

LONDON: Former champion Roger federer mentioned he was “devastated” that Wimbledon has been canceled for the primary time since World Struggle II due to the coronavirus. Wimbledon chiefs pulled the…

www.todaymynews.in/2020/04/02/federer-devastated-as-wimbl...

S. Mitra Kalita, WSJ deputy global economics editor, sat down with India's ambassador to the U.S., Meera Shankar, to talk about the relationship between the U.S. and India and their respective new administrations. Here are some edited excerpts:

WSJ: What is the status of the nuclear deal? There's been some concern that commercial contracts have stalled.

Ambassador Meera Shankar

.We are committed to taking this deal forward. We are engaged in some of the residual arrangements which have to be worked out. For instance on reprocessing (of the spent fuel), the nuclear deal provided that the U.S. agreed to this in principle but the arrangements would be mutually agreed upon after a request made by India. The request has been made by India and we hope to commence negotiations in July. Both sides have designated nodal points. We are about to commence negotiations and hope to then see progress on a concrete project.

WSJ: Does President Obama seem as committed to the deal as President Bush was?

He's very committed to the relationship. Secretary of State (Hillary) Clinton in her address to the India-U.S. Business Council pointed out that among those voting for the deal were Sen. Barack Obama, Sen. Joe Biden and Sen. Hillary Clinton.

WSJ: What's your assessment of Barack Obama's relationship with India?

This administration would like to build on the gains which have been made. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton's remarks said it's a relationship which has moved forward under two administrations -- initially under the Clinton administration when he was president and then carried forward by the Bush administration. She hopes to take the relationship to the third level.

WSJ: What is India's agenda for Secretary of State Clinton's upcoming trip to India?

This is going to be a key visit after our elections. We want to extend cooperation to sectors such as education, health, science and technology, while consolidating the gains which have been made in areas such as the nuclear energy deal.

WSJ: There has been concern that some measures by the U.S. would be seen as protectionist, even a reversal of policy toward India. Your thoughts?

In a situation of global economic downturn, it is all the more necessary that the pathways for trade and investment remain open. From India's point of view, we'd like to see that we have a framework in place that facilitates the growth and doesn't act as a constraint. The relationship has been growing steadily. Trade has doubled in four years, and investment flows now are in both directions. Two studies released recently, by the India Brand Equity Foundation and the Confederation of Indian Industry, point out that over the last few years, the India-U.S. relationship had created more than $100 billion in value to the U.S. economy and created 300,000 jobs, both directly and indirectly. This includes goods which India has purchased from the U.S. and it includes investment which has flowed from India to the U.S. and includes the enhancement of the competitiveness of U.S. companies by virtue of using synergies with Indian companies.

Another study by the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry more narrowly focused on investment shows that in the last two years, foreign direct investment by Indian companies in the U.S. market is more than U.S. foreign direct investment in India. This has generated 30,000 jobs in the U.S. directly and many more indirectly. We are looking here at the benefits of outsourcing.

WSJ: Is India on the path to being a superpower?

India is not a superpower. I don't think we have aspirations to be a superpower. By virtue of our scale and the growth of our economy and the stability of institutions in India, India is poised to emerge as a significant actor in global affairs. But let us also remember that large portions of the Indian population will continue to be relatively poor. The overall scale of the economy will be huge, but per capita incomes will still be relatively low. This is a dimension which Indian politics has to take into account and be sensitive to.

WSJ: Could that result in India not entering discussions of geopolitical importance? Why did Prime Minister Manmohan Singh not speak up about the protests over Iran elections, for example?

India has really adopted a policy which seeks to avoid interfering directly in internal developments in other countries. We subscribe to democratic values and to a very vigorous democratic framework. The best way to promote this is through positive programs for democratic institution-building. We have contributed to the U.N. Democracy Fund, for example, and we have helped countries on constitutional issues and training in electoral practices.

WSJ: What are the key areas of reforms coming up?

The emphasis will be on the government managing the impact of the global economic crisis, which has led to a moderation of growth in India. We still have growth and are relatively better off. We want to ensure through a series of measures that domestic demand expands and that we can manage the impact of the crisis without a sharp deceleration in growth.

The next objective would be to get back to a high growth path of 8%-10%.

Then in terms of the government's articulated program, it would be important to ensure that growth is inclusive and target the ability of the government to delivery.

After the Mumbai terrorist attacks, the government has announced a slew of measures to enhance the internal administrations' ability to deal with security.

Development of infrastructure, which has been seen as a key constraint to India achieving its economic objectives of a high-growth path, will be a priority. We should expect more investment in the range of infrastructure sectors.

WSJ: How has globalization changed the nature of diplomacy? Most Americans have heard of India by now and have access to information, arts, culture, business. How does this change your job?

Diplomacy has become more broad based. It is no longer limited to issues of strictly speaking national security or geopolitical aspects. It embraces trade and business relations. It embraces educational contacts, cultural contacts, cooperation between scientific communities,

The whole definition of diplomacy has broadened. The connections are at multiple levels as well as the government to government interaction, which leads but is also changed or influenced by these other connections.

Sadest Poem

I can write the saddest poem of all tonight.

Write, for instance: "The night is full of stars,

and the stars, blue, shiver in the distance."

The night wind whirls in the sky and sings.

I can write the saddest poem of all tonight.

I loved her, and sometimes she loved me too.

On nights like this, I held her in my arms.

I kissed her so many times under the infinite sky.

She loved me, sometimes I loved her.

How could I not have loved her large, still eyes?

I can write the saddest poem of all tonight.

To think I don't have her. To feel that I've lost her.

To hear the immense night, more immense without her.

And the poem falls to the soul as dew to grass.

What does it matter that my love couldn't keep her.

The night is full of stars and she is not with me.

That's all. Far away, someone sings. Far away.

My soul is lost without her.

As if to bring her near, my eyes search for her.

My heart searches for her and she is not with me.

The same night that whitens the same trees.

We, we who were, we are the same no longer.

I no longer love her, true, but how much I loved her.

My voice searched the wind to touch her ear.

Someone else's. She will be someone else's. As she once

belonged to my kisses.

Her voice, her light body. Her infinite eyes.

I no longer love her, true, but perhaps I love her.

Love is so short and oblivion so long.

Because on nights like this I held her in my arms,

my soul is lost without her.

Although this may be the last pain she causes me,

and this may be the last poem I write for her.

-- Pablo Neruda

Udaipur is a city, a municipal corporation and the administrative headquarters of the Udaipur district in the state of Rajasthan in western India. It is located 403 kilometres southwest of the state capital, Jaipur and 250 km northeast from Ahmedabad. Udaipur is the historic capital of the kingdom of Mewar in the former Rajputana Agency. The Sisodia clan of Rajputs ruled the Mewar and its capital was shifted from Chittorgarh to Udaipur after founding city of Udaipur by Maharana Uday Singh. The Mewar province became part of Rajasthan after India became independent.

Udaipur is a very popular tourist destination. Apart from its history, culture, and scenic locations, it is also known for its Rajput-era palaces. The Lake Palace, for instance, covers an entire island in the Pichola Lake. Many of the palaces have been converted into luxury hotels. It is often called the "Venice of the East", and is also nicknamed the "Lake City" or "City of Lakes". Lake Pichola, Fateh Sagar Lake, Udai Sagar and Swaroop Sagar in this city are considered some of the most beautiful lakes in the state.

HISTORY

Udaipur was founded in 1559 by Maharana Udai Singh II as the final capital of the erstwhile Mewar kingdom, located in the fertile circular valley-"Girwa" to the southwest of Nagda, on the Banas River, the first capital of the Mewar kingdom. This area already had a thriving trading town of "Ayad" which had served as capital of Mewar for over 200 years and 17 rulers of Mewar had ruled from Ayad town of Girwa Valley (~10-12th centuries, Ruler #18-34), still earlier (4+1) Rawals ruled from Nagda; so the “Girwa” (& adjoining) valley was already well-known to Chittaud rulers who moved to it whenever the vulnerable tableland (Mesa)Chittaudgadh was threatened with enemy attacks. Maharana Udai Singh II, in the wake of 16th century emergence of artillery warfare decided to move his capital to a more secure location, importance of which he had realized during his exile at Kumbhalgadh. Ayad was flood-prone, hence he chose the ridge east of Pichola Lake to start his new capital city, where he came upon a hermit while hunting in the foothills of the Aravalli Range. The hermit blessed the king and asked him to build a palace on the spot, assuring him it would be well protected. Udai Singh II consequently established a residence on the site. In November 1567, the Mughal emperor Akbar attacked & laid siege of the venerated fort of Chittor, which was reduced to one of the 84 forts of Mewar.

As the Mughal empire weakened, the Sisodia ranas, and later maharanas (also called the Guhilots or Suryavansh), who had always tried to oppose Mughal dominance, reasserted their independence and recaptured most of Mewar except for Chittor. Udaipur remained the capital of the state, which became a princely state of British India in 1818. Being a mountainous region and unsuitable for heavily armoured Mughal horses, Udaipur remained safe from Mughal influence in spite of much pressure. The rajvansh of Udaipur was one of the oldest dynasties of the world. Maharana Mahendra Singh Mewar (the Royal Family of Udaipur),is the current symbolic ruler of the city.

GEOGRAPHY & CLIMATE

Udaipur is located at 24.525049°N 73.677116°E. It has an average elevation of 598.00 m. It is located in the southern region of Rajasthan and is close to Gujarat. It has five major lakes, which are under restoration with funds provided by the National Lake Conservation Plan (NLCP) of the Government of India:

Fateh Sagar Lake

Rangsagar Lake

Pichola Lake

Swaroopsagar Lake

Dudh Talai Lake

Udaisagar Lake

Udaipur's autumn / winter climate is the most appealing time to pay her a visit. Tourists arrive in numbers, anytime between mid-September to late March or early April. Even in January, the coldest month, the days are bright, sunny and warm with maximum temperature around 28.3 °C. Mornings, evenings and nights are cold with minimum temperature around 11.6 °C especially if there is a slight breeze in the air.

CITY PALACE

Standing on the east bank of Lake Pichola is a massive series of palaces built at different times from 1559. The balconies of the palace provide panoramic views of the "Jag Niwas" (the Lake Palace Hotel). They also have views of Jag Mandir on one side and the city of Udaipur on the other. Its main entrance is through the triple-arched gate - the Tripolia, built in 1725. The way now leads to a series of courtyards, overlapping parations, terraces, corridors and gardens. There is a Suraj Gokhda, where the maharanas of Mewar presented themselves in the times of trouble to the people to restore confidence. The Mor-chowk (Peacock courtyard), gets its name from the mosaics in glass decorating its walls. The chini chitrashala is noteworthy while a series of wall paintings of Krishna are on display in Bhim Vilas. There are numerous other palaces such as Dilkhush mahal, Sheesh mahal, Moti mahal and Krishna vilas - in memory of a princess of striking beauty who poisoned herself to avert a bloody battle for her hand by rival princes. Now the palace contains many antique articles, paintings, decorative furniture and utensils and attracts thousands of visitors every day. Celebration mall (Highest rated mall of Rajasthan) that is India's first and only Heritage mall, is now serving as a tourist attraction destination.

The former guesthouse of the city palace, Shiv Niwas Palace and the Fateh Prakash Palace have been converted into heritage hotels.

LAKE PALACE

The Lake Palace was built in 1743-1746. It is made of marble and is situated on Jag Niwas island in Lake Pichola. It was originally built as a royal summer palace, but is now a luxury 5 Star hotel, operating under the "Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces" banner.

JAG MANDIR

Jag Mandir is another island in Lake Pichola which is known for its garden courtyard. Shah Jahan took refuge here while revolting against his father. There is a restaurant run by the HRH group of hotels.

MONSOON PALACE

Monsoon Palace also known as Sajjan Garh Palace The summer resort of the Maharajas is atop the hill overlooking all of the lakes. This palace had a way to collect rain water for consumption all year around.

Jagdish Temple

The Jagdish Temple is a large Hindu temple in the middle of Udaipur. It was built by Maharana Jagat Singh Ist in 1651 A.D. It is an example of Indo - Aryan architecture. This temple is a great example of architecture and art. The area is the main tourist place in the city. You can also find some special kind of things like rajasthani dress, paintings etc.

FATEH SAGAR LAKE

Fateh Sagar Lake is situated in the north of Lake Picholas. It was originally built by Maharana Jai Singh in the year 1678 AD, but later on reconstructed and extended by Maharana Fateh Singh after much destruction was caused by heavy rains. In 1993-1994, the water vanished from the lake, but in 2005-2006, the lake regained its water.

LAKE PICHOLA

Lake Pichola has two islands, Jag Niwas and the Jag Mandir. This lake is 4 km long and 3 km wide, originally built by Maharana Udai Singh II. There are many ghats, like the bathing and washing ghats, which can be approached through boats from the City Palace of Udaipur (Bansi Ghat). In the heart of the lake the Lake Palace stands, which is now converted into a heritage palace hotel. The lake remains fairly shallow even during heavy rains, and gets dry easily in times of severe drought.

SAHELION KI BARI

Sahelion ki Bari was laid for a group of forty-eight young women attendants who accompanied a princess to Udaipur as part of her dowry. The gardens set below the embankment of the Fatah Sagar Lake have lotus pools, marble pavilions and elephant-shaped fountains. These fountains are fed by the water of the lake gushing through ducts made for the purpose.

UDAIPUR IN POPULAR CULTURE

Udaipur is mentioned under the spelling Oodeypore in Rudyard Kipling's The Jungle Book as the birthplace of Bagheera, the fictional panther in the king's Menagerie.

Because of its picturesque and scenic locations, Udaipur has been the shooting location for many Hollywood and Bollywood movies. Indian sections of the James Bond film Octopussy were filmed in the city,[10] the Lake Palace, and the Monsoon Palace. The nearby desert was the backdrop of the remarkable rescue of Octopussy (Maud Adams) by Bond (Roger Moore). Some scenes from the British television series The Jewel in the Crown were filmed in Udaipur. The Disney channel film, The Cheetah Girls One World, was shot in Udaipur in January 2008. Additional non-Indian movies/TV serials filmed in Udaipur include: Darjeeling Limited, Opening Night, Heat and Dust, Indische Ring, Inside Octopussy, James Bond in India, Gandhi, and The Fall.

Some of the Bollywood movies shot here are Guide, Mera Saaya, Phool Bane Angaray, Kachche Dhaage, Mera Gaon Mera Desh, Jalmahal, Yaadein, Return of the thief of the bagdad, Eklavya: The Royal Guard, Dhamaal, Jis Desh Mei Ganga Rehta Hai, Chalo Ishq Ladaaye, Fiza, Gaddaar, Hum Hain Rahi Pyar Ke, Khuda Gawah, Kundan, Nandini, Saajan Ka Ghar,Yeh Jawaani Hai Deewani,Ramleela, In addition, many Bollywood films' songs were filmed in Udaipur. Udaipur is also the setting of Star Plus's hit serial Yeh Rishta Kya Kehlata Hai. TV serials Swayamber of Rakhi Sawant and Swayambar of Rahul Mahajan on NDTV Imagine also filmed here at Hotel Fatehgarh. A hit historical show by Contiloe Telefilms named "Maharana Pratap" on Sony is shooting in that place. The pop Star Shakira performed in a party on 15 November 2011 of real estate tycoon owner of DLF Kush Pal Singh.The Party was held in Jag Mandir Palace.

WIKIPEDIA

Probably one of the few instances where an old American department store building looks better now than it did then.

The Then is from 1954 and can be found at the Special Collections Department at the Pullen Library at Georgia State University. I found it on this great website:

atlantatimemachine.com/downtown/list.htm

The Monastery of the Holy Eucharist in Lindogon, Sibonga in Cebu province is run by Marian monks. The place is where several instances of the phenomena ~ whereby the image of the Virgin Mary shed tears in several instances starting in 1998. It is now very popular for Marian pilgrims and devotees who flock to the palace-like monastery. This transformed the once sleepy barangay into a popular destination. Daily, the monastery is visited by thousands of devotees from all over the country and even from foreign tourists. This crown structure is memorial of the victorious and powerful intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mother thru the Penitential Rosary Walk in 1998, against the killer epidemic hat struck the place, where several lives of poor children and infants had died. Built to honour Mary on the 8th year anniversary of the Monks arrival in Lindogon. Blessed on the 27th day of February, 2004.”

There are available coloured candles near the monastery. Proceeds of the candles will give part to the monks for funds. The following are coloured candles with its own purpose.

Gold: Healing (Good health, Recovery, Spiritual, Family Tree)

Green: Prosperity/Success (Exams, Study, Financial, Business)

Blue: Perseverance (Employment, Career, Assignment, Promotions)

Violet: Achievement (Plans in life, Struggles, Endeavours, Journeys, Voyage)

Red: Love (Utility, Friendship, Engagement, Family)

Yellow: Peace (Courage, Strength, Hope)

White: Purity (Enlightenment, Guidance, Right Path)

Orange: Reconciliation (Sweetheart, Wife, Husband, Enemy, Family)

Pink: Thanksgiving/Happiness/Joy (Spiritual, Physical)

Black: Souls (Forgiveness, Pardon)

Brown: Vocation (Marriage Bond, God’s Servant, Single life)

Grey: Deliverance (Bad ways, Things, Spirits)

Cream: Conversion/Faith (Children, Household, Couples)

A gentle reminder from the Catholic Bishops Conference of the Philippines, the following guidelines must be strictly followed and not allowed to wear inside the Monastery: wearing of tube & short blouses/dresses, fitting & transparent pants, spaghetti straps/sleeveless dress, mini skirts, shorts. While taking you to the Monastery, it is required to remove footwear before entering the Mother Mary’s prayer room. Cameras flash should be turned off while taking pictures so as not to interrupt/destruct others when praying. All Catholic & Non-Catholic are advised to please respect and observe solemnity inside the Church. Smoking is prohibited inside the premises. Parking area is situated to the right side of the entrance.

If you are from Cebu City taking you through Sibonga town proper to estimate of 50 kilometres southeast or travel time for about 2-hours and can be reached via any of the buses (air con/non air-con) that leaves regularly for Sibonga from the South Bus Terminal along N. Bacalso Ave. in Cebu City. Bus fare is less than a hundred pesos. The place is famous among all passengers, just ask the conductor to drop you off to the crossing in going to Birhen sa Simala. Mary’s pilgrimage is few kilometres away from the drop off point and you can reach the destination by riding in a motorcycles for hire habal-habal or public tricycles. The Monastery of the Holy Eucharist opens daily from 8:00 am - 6:00 pm.

This is one of those instances where photographs being a single sensory experience deprives you of all the energy present in this scene. So when you look at the picture just imagine heavy electro dance music with thumping bass in the background and you'll be transported to TRON city. This is one of two posts today that pay tribute to ElecTRONica since tonight is it's final night ("final cycle" for the TRON nerds ;). I've always liked ElecTRONica, sure it's gimmicky and frankly could've been much more immersive than it turned out to be, but it's still a really fun place to be. Most of all, it's theme is my favorite, I love all the blue and white lights, the futuristic feel of the whole place is just awesome. These were the first and only shots I've done of ElecTRONica but that's probably because it's always so busy and there's nowhere to put a tripod down without tripping people. I can't say I'm really looking forward to the new Mad-T-Party version, frankly I like the futuristic vibe of ElecTRONica much more, judging from the artwork released it's going to be filled with funky colors/patterns and have some odd stuff to put it mildly. Oh well, I'll keep an open mind and reserve judgement until I actually experience it!

As for the shot, this is a 3 shot HDR, masked in CS5, and some Nik software.

Please don't hesitate to tell me what you think, comments and constructive criticism are welcome and appreciated! :)

This is one of those rare instances when you suspect the Photography Gods actually like you. Heather and I attended a vintage sale at the Bishop's House, a classy Victorian house in Boise. The flyer mentioned there were going to be some classic cars and pin-up models so we decided to check it out. Good decision.

The weather was blustery - cold, windy, heavy, overcast - it looked like it was going to rain at any time. Only one car showed up. It was owned by a very cool guy named Lloyd; he didn't mind us checking out the car, even encouraging us to sit in it. He also had a 1920's style (air) gun in the front seat. A few minutes later we bumped into a lovely lass with blue hair and a great outfit. We found out she is Eleanor P., a professional pin-up model.

We asked Eleanor to shoot with us near the car; she lowered her standards and shot with me, with Heather helping her pose and Lloyd also coming up with ideas. What a great mini-shoot! Totally unplanned and I wouldn't have changed any of it. Well maybe not so cold - Eleanor was turning blue by the end of the shoot.

I took these photo in mid-May 2015.

From time to time, there have been reported instances of dogs attacking owners or other people. Although extreme cases are rare, it is still important that we are aware of the dangers and responsibilities of having dogs. The following is our list of the 10 most dangerous dog breeds in the world.

1. Caucasian Shepherd

Meet the topper of our list, also known as Caucasian Ovcharka. This dog can grow very large, a minimum of 50kg or 110 lb. For an adult male, the life span average is 10-12 years.This breed originated from Russia and other European countries. Originally used as guard dog for protecting livestock in mountain regions, these dogs are even feared by some popular wild predators such as wolves.

2. Pit Bull

A very popular breed of strong dogs and many times accountable for cases of attacking humans. This is the resulting breed when you combine the energy and agility of terriers and the body build and strength of a bulldog. In some countries, Pit Bulls are even used in dog fights, where the dogs are trained to fight each other in a death match.

3. Perro de Presa Canario

Often described as strong-willed and dominant dog. Perro de Presa Canario, which is Spanish for “Canarian Catch Dog”, is also known as the Canary Mastiff. Used as a working dog for farm animals, but is a combination of several breed of fighting dogs. There are rumors that like the Pit Bull, this breed is also used in deadly dog fights

4.

webgerm.com/top-10-most-dangerous-dog-breeds-in-the-world...

What you're seeing is all because of the patch on my arm. For instance:

1. newly re-darkened hair, courtesy of feria, attributed to a tiny need for glam and edge after a whole day without my prior favorite glam-and-edge devices. (! do not comment telling me how not glam-and-edge camel lights are. we are talking about my brain and its crazy and highly personal interpretations of things and events and causes and effects and my brain, she doesn't toe any party lines. or, you know, logic. !)

2. an immaculately clean bathroom. we went on a cleaning binge today. surprise, surprise. clean on the inside, clean on the outside, people. scrubbing grout with toothbrushes DOES help.

Winnemucca is the only incorporated city in and is the county seat of Humboldt County, Nevada, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 7,396, up 3.1 percent from the 2000 census figure of 7,174. Interstate 80 passes through the city, where it meets U.S. Route 95.

The town was named for a local 19th-century chief of the Paiute, who traditionally lived in this area; he and his band had a camp near here. Winnemucca, loosely translated, means "one moccasin." The chief's daughter, Sarah Winnemucca, was an advocate for education and fair treatment of the Paiute and Shoshone tribes in the area. Their family all learned to speak English, and Sarah worked as an interpreter, scout and messenger for the United States Army during the Bannock War of 1878. In 1883 Sarah Winnemucca published the first autobiography written by a Native American woman, based on hundreds of lectures she'd given in the Northeast and mid-Atlantic. It has been described as "one of the most enduring ethno-historical books written by an American Indian."

On September 16, 1868, the Central Pacific Railroad reached Winnemucca, and was officially opened on October 1 of that year. It was part of the transcontinental line.

On September 19, 1900, Butch Cassidy's gang robbed the First National Bank of Winnemucca of $32,640.

According to a billboard along State Route 140 (the "Winnemucca to the Sea Highway"), Winnemucca styles itself "The City of Paved Streets".

Winnemucca is home to the Buckaroo Hall of Fame and Heritage Museum.

Many of Winnemucca's residents are employed by mining companies such as Newmont and Barrick Gold or by companies serving the mining industry. Carry-On Trailer employs over 100 residents at their manufacturing facility in the Airport Industrial Park. Other employers include the many casinos, hotels and restaurants located in the city.

Winnemucca is mentioned in the American version of the song "I've Been Everywhere", recorded, for instance, by Hank Snow (1962), the Statler Brothers (1973), Lynn Anderson (1970), and Johnny Cash (1993).

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winnemucca,_Nevada

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_Creative_Commons_...

The Dome

A vertical section of the dome of the Main Reading Room would show an exact half circle, with a diameter of 100 feet. The dome is of stucco, and applied to a framework of iron and steel, filled in with terra cotta. Although it appears to rest upon the deep upper entablature, it really springs immediately from the eight arches resting upon the great piers. The entablature, as will be seen on close inspection, bears no part in the construction. It is projected so far forward from the dome that one may easily walk between the two.

The entablature is about seven feet high, with a richly molded architecture and a heavy projecting corners. The ground of the frieze is gilt, with a relief ornament in white of eagles standing upon hemispheres and holding in their beaks a heavy garland of laurel. Over the north, south, east, and west arches are two female figures, the work of Philip Martiny, represented as seated upon the architrave molding and supporting a heavy cartouche—another instance of the emphasis that the architect has so often placed upon the four main axes of the building.

The Stucco Ornamentation

The dome is so simply planned that a description of its main features may be given in a very brief space. The surface is filled with a system of square coffers. The ornamentation of the body of the dome is in arabesque. The eight ribs that mark off the dome into compartments or reach divided into two by a band of gilded ornament representing a guilloche. The coffers diminish in size from 4½ feet square at the bottom to 2½ feet at the top. The total number of coffers is 320—or 40 in each compartment, and in each horizontal row, and eight in each vertical row. The ground of the coffers is blue, sky blue, as if one were really looking out into the open air—and therefore the color traditionally used in coffer in. To give sparkle and brilliancy, many shades and kinds of blue are used, the darker and heavier at the bottom, and the lighter and area are toward the top. The transition is so gradual and natural that the eye does not perceive any definite change, but only a generally increased vividness. The border moldings of the coffers are cream-colored—old ivory is the usual term—strongly touched with gold, and in the center of each is a great gold rosette.

Although the purpose of the dome arabesque is primarily to give an agreeable impression of light and shade, the individual figures of which it is composed are nearly as interesting a subject of study is the general effect of the whole. The variety of the figures is almost bewildering—lions’ heads, seahorses, dolphins, urns, cartouche’s, griffons, shells, storks, caryatids, tridents, eagles, cherubs, half figures, genii—altogether something like forty-five principal designs, interwoven with very many smaller but no less beautiful pieces of ornament. They all are adapted from Renaissance models of the best and purest period and are combined with the utmost spirit and harmony in an arabesque whose every portion has equal artistic value. No single figure catches the eye; broad horizontal and vertical bands of decoration, gradually diminishing as they approached the top, and circle and ascend the dome, each with its “note” of arrangement and design, but all cunningly united to form an indisputable whole, everywhere balanced and restrained.

Edwin Howland Blashfield’s Paintings

The position of Edwin Howland Blashfield’s decorations in the collar and lantern of the dome is the noblest and most inspiring in the Library. They are literally and obviously the crowning glory of the building and put the final touch on the whole decorative scheme of the interior. The visitor will see how, without them, not a painting in the building would seem to remain solidly and easily in its place, for they occupy not only the highest but the exact central point of the Library, to which, in a sense, every other is nearly relative.

Blashfield was almost certainly drawn to select some subject as he has here chosen: the Evolution of Civilization, the records of which it is the function of a great library to gather and preserve.

The ceiling of the lantern is sky and air, against which, as a background, floats the beautiful female figure representing Human Understanding, lifting her veil and looking upward from Finite Intellectual Achievement (typified in the circle of figures and the collar) to that which is beyond; in a word, Intellectual Progress looking upward and forward. She is attended by two cherubs; one holds the book of wisdom and knowledge, the other seems, by his gesture, to be encouraging those needs to persist in their struggle toward perfection.

The decoration of the collar consists of a ring of twelve seated figures, male and female, ranged against a wall of mosaic patterning. They are of colossal size, measuring, as they sit, about ten feet in height. They represent the twelve countries, or epics, which have contributed most to the development of present-day civilization in this country. Beside each is a tablet, decorated with palms, on which is inscribed the name of the country typified, and below this, on a continuous banderole or streamer, is the name of some cheese or typical contribution of that country to the sum of human excellence. The figures follow one another in chronological order, beginning, appropriately enough, at the east, the East being the cradle of civilization. List is as follows: Egypt, typifying Written Records; Judea, Religion; Greece, Philosophy; Rome, Administration; Islam, Physics; The Middle Ages, Modern Languages; Italy, the Fine Arts; Germany, the Art of Printing; Spain, Discovery; England, Literature; France, Emancipation; and America, Science.

Each figure is winged, as representing an ideal, but the wings, which overlapped regularly throughout, serve mainly to unite the composition in the continuous whole and in no case have been allowed to hamper the artist in his effort to make each figure the picture of a living, breathing man or woman. Four of the twelve figures, it will be observed, stand out more conspicuously than the rest because of the lighter tone of their drapery: Egypt, Rome, Italy, and England. They occupy respectively the East, South, West, and North points in the decoration and furnish another instance of the stress that has been laid, throughout the Library, upon the four cardinal points of the compass that governed the axial lines of the building and that, in turn, have been enriched and dignified in the final decorative scheme of the interior. Each of these axial figures is painted in a more rigid attitude than those beside it informs, as will be noticed, the center of a triad, or group of three, each of flanking figures leaning more or less obviously toward it. It should be noted that there was no intention on the part of the painter to magnify the importance of before figures thus represented over any of the others. The emphasis of color is solely for decorative purposes. The arrangement being chronological, Blashfield was unable to exercise much control over the order in which each figure should occur and still retain his original selection of countries.

Egypt is represented by a male figure clad in the loincloth and with lappets so familiar in the ancient monuments. The idea of Written Records is brought up by the tablet he supports with his left hand, which is inscribed in hieroglyphics the cartouche or personal seal of Mena, the first recorded Egyptian king, and by the case of books at his feet, which is filled with manuscript roles of papyrus, the Egyptian paper. Besides the idea of Writing and Recording, Blashfield brings out the fact that the Egyptians were among the first doctrine of the immortality of the soul. The figure holds in the right hand the Tau, or cross with a ring head, the emblem of life both in this world and beyond; and on the tablet behind his feet is the winged ball, the more familiar symbol of the same idea.

Judea is shown as a woman lifting her hands in an ecstatic prayer to Jehovah. The over garment that she wears falls partly away and discloses the ephod, which was investment borne by the high priests, ornamented with a jeweled breastplate and with shoulder clasps set in gold, which were engraved the names of the Twelve Tribes of Israel. On the face of the stone pillars set beside her is inscribed, in Hebrew characters, the injunction, as found in Leviticus 19:18: “Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself”—a sentence selected as being perhaps the noblest single text contributed by the Jewish religion to the system of modern morality. In her lap is a scroll containing, presumably, a portion of the Scriptures; and that her feet is a censer, typical of the Hebrew ritualism.

The figure of Greece is distinctively suggestive, so far as attitude drapery are concerned, one of the beautiful little Tanagra figures of terra cotta—so called from the ancient Greek town in which the first discovered—which are so familiar to students of Greek art. A bronze lamp is set beside her, and in her lap is a scroll—the emblems of wisdom. Her head is crowned with a diadem, perhaps a reference to the City of the Violet Crown, Athens, the Mother of Philosophy.

Rome, the second axial figure, where’s the armor of a centurion, or captain in a legion. A lion’s skin, the mark of a standard-bearer, is thrown over him, the head covering the top of his casque. The whole conception is that of the just but inexorable administration of Rome founded upon the power of its arms. One foot is planted upon the lower drum of a marble column, signifying stability. His right arm rests upon the fasces, or bundle of rods, the typical emblem of Roman power and rule. In his right hand, he holds the baton of command.

Islam is an Arab, standing for the Moorish race, which introduced into Europe not only an improved science of physics—as here used by Blashfield in its older and less restricted sense—but of mathematics and astronomy also. His foot rests upon a glass retort, and he is turning over the leaves of a book of mathematical calculations.

The term Middle Ages, represented by the female figure that comes next in the decoration, is usually understood to mean the epic beginning with the dissolution of the Western Roman Empire in 455 and ending with the discovery of America in 1492. No single country is here indicated, for Europe was throughout that. In a state of flux, so to say, during which the principal modern languages were finally involved from the Latin and Teutonic tongues. But it was an epic notable for many other things, also. The figure typifying the epic is distinguished by an expression at once graven passionate, and has a sword, casque, and cuirass, emblematic of the great institution of Chivalry; a model of a cathedral, standing for Gothic architecture, which was brought to its greatest perfection in these thousand years; and a papal tiara and the keys of St. Peter, signifying medieval devotion and the power of the church.

The next figure, Italy—the Italy of the Renaissance—is shown with symbols of four of the Fine Arts that she represents: Painting, Sculpture, Architecture, and Music. She holds a pallet in her left hand and with the brush in her right seems to lay another stroke of color on her canvas. To her left is a statuette after Michelangelo’s celebrated David, in Florence. At her feet is a Renaissance capital; and leaning against the wall of violin, at once the typical musical instrument and one the Italians excelled in manufacturing.

Germany is the printer, turning from his press—a hand press, accurately copied from early models—to examine the proof sheet he has just pulled. His right foot is placed upon a pile of sheets already corrected, and a roller for inking lies convenient to his hand.

Spain is the sixteenth-century Spanish adventurer. He wears a steel morion on his head and is clad in a leathern jerkin. Holding the tiller of the ship in his right hand, he seems to be watching for land to appear in the seat. Behind him is a globe of the earth, and that his feet a model of a caravel, the sort of ship in which Columbus sailed on his voyages, is introduced.

England wears the ruff and full sleeves of the time of Elizabeth—the era when English literature, both poetry and prose, was at its peak. She is crowned with laurel—the reward of literature—and bears in her lap an open book of Shakespeare’s plays, the right-hand page with a for simile of the title page of the first edition of A Midsummer Night’s Dream, dated 1600.

France, standing for emancipation and the great revolutionary upheaval of the 18th century, is dressed in a characteristic garb of the First Republic: a jacket with lapels, a tricolor scarf, and a liberty cap with a tricolor cockade. She sits on a cannon and carries a drum, a bugle, and a sword—emblems of her military crusade on behalf of liberty. In her left hand, she displays a scroll bearing the words Les Droits de l’Homme, the famous Declaration of the Rights of Man adopted by the French Assembly in 1789.

The twelfth and last figure, bringing us once more round to the east, is that of America—represented as an engineer, in the garb of the machine shop, sitting lost in thought over a problem of mechanics he has encountered. He leans his chin upon the palm of one hand, while the other holds the scientific book that he has been consulting. In front of him as an electric dynamo, recalling the part that the United States has taken in the advancement of electrical science.

On the base of the dynamo Blashfield has signed his work in an inscription that recalls also the name of the artist who assisted him and laying it upon the plaster: “These decorations were designed and executed by Edwin Howland Blashfield, assisted by Arthur Reginald Willet, A.D. MDCCCLXXXXVI.”

The visitor will perhaps have been a little perplexed by the familiar appearance of some of the faces in Blashfield’s decoration. It is an interesting fact that in several cases Blashfield has introduced a resemblance, more or less distinct, to the features of some real person to give greater variety and, above all, greater vitality to his figures. The persons chosen were selected because the character of their features seemed to him peculiarly suited to the type that he wished to represent. In the case of Abraham Lincoln—the figure of America—and of General Casey—Germany—the choice was fitting for other reasons. Among the female figures, the Middle Ages is Mrs. De Navarro (Mary Anderson), and England, Ellen Terry. The faces of Italy and Spain are from sketches made from Amy Rose, a young sculptor in New York, and William Bailey Faxon, the painter, respectively. France suggests the features of the artist’s wife. Throughout, however, it must be remembered that, to use Blashfield’s own words, “no portraiture has been attempted, but only characterization.”

Eagle Rock, you remember how to Eagle Rock, right?

[for instance: Dictionary of American Regional English; ]

[also:

Eagle rock

1 - a popular black dance from the 1920's, performed with the arms outstretched with wings and the body rocking from side to side. Here's a description of the Eagle Rock (Ballin' The Jack ?)dance:

Now that's what I call Ballin' the Jack." from home.btconnect.com/Tattooz/blues_terms.htm#Eagle_rock ]

[some say Eagle Rock is a metaphor for sexual congress, but I have no special insight into that usage in re: this photo]

I only knew the phrase from a Blind Willie McTell song, Kind Mama:

Soon in the morning at half past four

Hot shot rider rappin' at her door

She's a real kind mama looking for another man

She ain't got nobody in town to hold her hand

Went to the door and the door was locked

Think that baby tryin' to eagle rock

She's a real kind mama looking for another man

Real kind mama looking for another man

And she ain't got nobody here to hold her hand

Kind mama looking for another man

www.last.fm/music/Blind+Willie+McTell/_/Kind+Mama+(2:56)

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11/08/10: I've tried looking into instances of A4s on the Bournemouth line in steam days and so far have come up with:

11/03/63 N0. 60022 'Mallard' was serviced at Eastleigh and worked a special the next day.

??/??/??: No 60008 'Dwight D. Eisenhower' was hauled dead to Eastleigh by No. 35012 'United States Lines' before shipment on to the States.

03/06/67 and 04/06/07- Preserved No 4498 'Sir Nigel Gresley' worked a special from Waterloo both days, but I've not established where to on the Saturday, but pictures 33 and 34 in Waterloo Sunset by Jim Blake shows the A4 at Southampton Central and Weymouth on the Sunday.

Press: hudsonreporter.com/view/full_story/20838118/article-Showi...

111 first street. From Paris to Jersey City, They Showed No Love.

a Branko Documentary Film

In the area of Jersey City NJ, for about 20 years, existed a warehouse building where artists had about 130 art studios. The artists left in 2005 and the building was demolished in 2007.

This movie only deals with the art, presented by the artists.

This documentary is a historical document of a very important part of Art in America.

Screening on:

2-23-2012

1:00 PM

Jersey City Library

Biblioteca Criolla, 4th. Floor

472 Jersey Avenue

Jersey City, NJ 07302

a2b1.com/111.html

111 First Street (film) - Wiki

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/111_First_Street_(film)

111 First Street (a Branko Film), Trailer

youtu.be/WluWZBqEQMg

111 Jam Band (a Branko Film). Unedited

youtu.be/SiwlMJOQzg0

Faizulla Khamraev (a Branko Film)

youtu.be/c07dlkHvLvE

Maria Benjumeda, Flamenco and Bulerias at 111 First Street

youtu.be/IwZaogSBKmE

American Watercolor Movement, Live at Coney Island. A Branko Film (Unedited)

youtu.be/EHSx0TgjepE

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Branko: Entrevista TV Español

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Movies:

911 Number Seven

111 First Street Movie.

Hola Presidente

Enjay 2

Books:

West Indian Parade (Photo Book)

Cecilia Mamede, Times Square NYC (Photo Book)

Anabel - Libro Español-Spanish

Version ebook

Libro en Español

Versao Portugues

Side Facing Seats as seen in Ford/Mercury wagons for instance.