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Photo of the "Innovating with Geographical Indications to Boost Local Development. Experience Sharing from Various Member States." side event held during the Sixty-Fifth Series of Meetings of the Assemblies of WIPO Member States, which took place in Geneva, Switzerland, from July 9-17, 2024.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Violaine Martin. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
When the nurse removes her thumbs, it leaves a pair of depressions on the skin of the child's feet. These depressions indicate a positive test for edema, a symptom of malnutrition.
Oldest historical bridge in Cambodia, which was constructed during the era of the King Jayavaraman VII. This Bridge is about 1000 years old, almost the same period of Angkor Wat.
Indication of how long it's been since I was in graduate school. I used something like this to control the lights for experiments on photophosphorylation. What a surprise to see this in a store window. Even more surprising: the immediate memories and emotions.
2007 07 07 060a
Worldwide Perspectives on Geographical Indications - An International Conference - 5-8- July 2022
This international conference is co-organized by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD) to discuss the most recent research and implementing practices of geographical indications (GIs) in all the regions of the world: Europe, Asia/Oceania, Africa, South and North America.
The International Conference has taken place from the 5th to the 8th of July 2022 in Montpellier (France), and has gathered researchers, policy makers and practitioners.
To learn more about the conference, please visit the website (available in English, French and Spanish): gi2021.sciencesconf.org/
Dot Blood Pressure Limits - Everything You Need to Know About Every professional vehicle driver working in the USA today, regardless of what ranges they drive, have to bring with them, a legitimate medical certification that shows that they have actually passed the regular battery of DOT
INDICATION (2009)
Heidi Phillips (Winnipeg)
Art Space alleyway
send + receive: a festival of sound v.11
Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
October 13 - 17, 2009
PART OF THE TRANSIENT SOUNDS INSTALLATION SERIES
Creating a refuge for technological rejects, Heidi Phillips mounted her treasured collection of outmoded electronics discovered at auctions in an Exchange District Tunnel. Once a family’s most prized possession, these radios became useless castoffs. Phillips breathes new life into the discarded gadgets with rhythmic samples from archival broadcasts that serve to elevate these items from their humble surroundings.
photo: Robert Szkolnicki
Photo of the "Innovating with Geographical Indications to Boost Local Development. Experience Sharing from Various Member States." side event held during the Sixty-Fifth Series of Meetings of the Assemblies of WIPO Member States, which took place in Geneva, Switzerland, from July 9-17, 2024.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Violaine Martin. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Trijata’s Dream is nothing
but Gayatri Mantra
( Shodasi : Secrets of the Ramayana )
From “ Shodasi : Screts of The Ramayana by Seshendra Sharma
( Translation of “ Shodasi : Ramayana Rahasyamulu , Telugu Original) Published in 2015 )
- Seshendra Sharma
Visionary Poet of the millennium
I am going to tell about a secret in the Ramayana which no one has recognized so far. There is in Sundara Kanda a story known as Trijata’s dream. What is it really? Is it only a mere dream? A dream is very well known to be a random experience without any explanation like cause and effect. Is the Trijata’s Dream just such a dream? Will a Sage like Valmiki speak about such a dream? Based on a suspicion that some secret may have been hidden, I proceeded to examine it closely and found its truth with great surprise and satisfaction. The Rakshasis in Lanka,who were commanded by Ravana, tormented Sita to accept Ravana. When Sita rejected their words as blade of grass, they threatened that they will kill her and eat her. Then, one Rakshasi among them, called Trijata, warned them by saying; ‘Protect your own selves. You can never eat Sita. I saw a dream. In the dream, Rama in the form of Lakshmana, protected Sita, and took her away. Ravana and other Rakshasas and Lanka were destroyed.’ She explained to them all that she saw in the dream. That is a brief account of that dream. Rama appears to Trijata four times in this dream in four different forms. In the first time,:Gaja danta mayeem divyaam sibikaam antarikshagaam yukthaam hamsa sahasrena swayam aasthaaya Raghavah, suklamaalyambara-dharo Laksmanena sahaagatah’. Rama came in a palanquin made of elephant tusks and carried by thousand swans. The second time, ‘Raghavascha mayaa drishtah chaturdantam maha-gajam aaruudhah sailasamkaasam cha kaasa saha lakshmanah’. It means that Rama came riding an elephant (Airavatam) in a ‘bright’ form. The third time, ‘Pandararshabha yuktena rathenaashta yuja swayam ihopayatah kaakutsah seetayaa saha bharyayaa’. It means: Rama came accompanied by Sita in a chariot drawn by eight white bulls. For the fourth time, ‘Lakshmanena saha bhrataa vimaane pushpake sthita sukla-maalyambara-dharo lakshmanena samaagatah’. Rama came accompanied by Lakshmana wearing white clothes in Pushpaka Vimana These are the four visions. Thereafter, it was stated: ‘Aruhya Pushpakam divyam vimaanam suryasannibham uttaraam disamaalokya Shodasi Seshendra Sharma 127 jagaama purusharshabhah.’ Further, ‘an account of the miserable state of Ravana and others is given’. But, the topics to be examined are the four narrations given above. The commentators interpreted these statements as forecasting some auspicious events according to the science of dream interpretation. If we see that as a mere dream, there can be no significance for it. But, see the secret meaning that I could get from it In the first vision, a palanquin made of ivory, which is made of elephant tusk, gaja-danta (in Sanskrit). The word gaja has two meanings, one is elephant and the other is the ‘number eight’. (See Apte’s dictionary). The word danta indicates for the number ‘thirty two’. (No explanation is given for this; probably it is a way of representation using anatomy of human being who has thirty two teeth!), Hence, this palanquin has a ‘number eight thirty two’. In the second vision the vehicle is maha-gajam. The word maha-gajam is literally maha-eight. Finally the word maha-gaja chaturdantam is maha-eight which has four thirty two. What is all this? This is a ‘gross’ description of Gayatri Mantra itself!!!. The heart of the Ramayana is Sundara Kanda. The heart of Sundara Kanda is the Dream of Trijata. Please find out where the Dream of Trijata is described in Ramayana. It is located at the exact middle of the Ramayana which has twenty four thousand verses. The first verse containing the story of Trijata’s dream is the thirteen thousand first verses. The actual story is at the middle of the section. ‘Bhartru-rankaa tsamutpatya tatah kamala lochanaa’ is the beginning of the verse (Su. 27-15) whose first syllable is ‘Bha’. This is also the syllable in the words ‘Bhargo devasya dheemahi’ of the Gayatri Mantra. It is the first syllable of the second part of Gayatri Mantra. Or it is the central syllable of Gayatri Mantra itself. The commentators of this verse said: ‘Tatastasya nagasyaagra iti - atra dwaadasa slokaa gataah – trayodasa sahasraadi moyam slokah gayatrastrayodasa maksharam atra bodhyam bharturiti’ therefore, among the twenty four thousand verses of the Ramayana garland of beads, the dream of Trijata is situated as the Central bead. We have to take the message of the Sage in this way. How can the dream of Trijata be interpreted as Gayatri Mantra? This is the way. In the first vision. Which was described by the words, gaja danta mayaee, the word gaja indicates the number eight, which is the first Shodasi Seshendra Sharma 128 part of Gayatri Mantra. Similarlay, the word danta indicates all the thirty two syllables of Gayatri Mantra. Each pada of Gayatri has eight syllables and there the four padas of Gayatri and so Gayatri mantra has thirty two syllables. The second vision is described by the words, chaturdantam maha bhujam. In these words, the two words danta and gaja are not new. They are part of the first vision. The word chatuh is a new one. It is used to indicate that there are four padas of Gayatri, the fourth one, paro rajasi saavadom, being given only to those who accept the fourth Ashrama, which is Sanyasa / That is Purna Gayatri! The first vision: The palanquin has thirty two auspicious marks corresponding to thirty syallbles of Gayatri mantras and the sacred foot of Rama who is no other than Paramaatma has eight auspicious marks. It can move in the sky corresponding to visuddha chakram whose intrinsic tattva is aakaasa. It is the seat of sound or song. Gayatri Mantra is recited and it protects the Sadhaka, Gayantam trayata iti gayatri. Rama came riding the chariot of Gayatri. Here no distinction is recognized between Rama and the Adhistthana Deity of Gayatri who is Parabrahman itself. The third vision is described by the words; ‘Pandurarshabha yuktena rathena ashtayujaa swayam’ that is a mantra describing the chariot.The chariot is drawn by eight white bulls. What is this bull? Why are there eight bulls? Why are they white? Sruti describes bull; “Chatusrigo sameedgaura etat ….tridhaa baddho vrishabho roraveeti.’ This refers to the bull mentioned in the Sruti which is also stated by Valmiki. It is no other than ‘Omkaara’. That is stated as ‘Gauran’. That is Pandurarshabha. Then why is there a qualifier, ‘eight’? Because, there are eight Omkaras for Gayatri! Om bhuh, Om bhuvah and so on, which has seven vyahritas are seven bulls, and another one with ‘Om tat savitur varenyam….., making a total of eight Omkaras. The chariot is drawn by eight white bulls. The chariot Ratha means ramante atra iti rathah. Paramatma enjoys there! In the fourth vision, Sage said, ‘Divyam vimanam surya-sannibham’, without any further qualifiers in order to be consistent with the fourth state of Nirguna Brahma. The deity meditated upon by Gayatri Mantra is Sun indeed! What more exists to be stated further? The Sage had performed just that only. If the Sage did not entertain such a goal, he need not have used phrases, such as: Gaja-dantamayee pandu-rarshabah and the corresponding Shodasi Seshendra Sharma 129 imagery. He could have used a different kind of words and depicted another group of images. Not only this. In order to be sure that the intended goal is realized he gave another clue also. In the first vision he showed Hamsa, and in the second vision he brought chaturdanta maha gaja which corresponds to Airaavata. In the third vision he described a Bull. What are all these? They are not some random examples. They are the vehicles of the presiding Deities of the three Sandhyas in Sandhya Vandanam! That is Tripada gayatri saguna brahma-atmakam. The Tureeya paadam is Nirguna Brahmatmakam. In brief, Tripada is confluence of Brahma Vishnu and Maheswara. ‘Gunatrayaatmika prokta Brahma Vishnu Maheswarah’ (Devi Bha.71) Guna traya saamya vasthaatmika maya sabda Brahma tripada Gayatri. Hence She shines in the three Sandhyas as Brahma, Vishnu and Maheswara along with the corresponding vehicles and attendants In the Devi Bhagavatam itself we read: ‘Hamsa-sthaa, Garuda-rudha thatha Vrishabha vaahanaa’. (Devi Bha. 12th Sk, Ver, 5). Let us see the commentary on this by Neelakantha: ‘Gayatri raktaa, Savitree swetaa, Saraswatee krishnaa, tisruunaam kramena vayovasthaa maha (baalaa, yauvanee vriddhaa) hamsasstha braahmee, garudaaruudaa saraswatee, vrishabha vaahana savitree – devataa trayasya kramena veda-trayot-padaka maahaa’ Following this sequence, the three visions of Gayatri in the dream of Trijata, correspond to the appearance of the presiding deity of Gayatri riding on Hamsa, Garuda and a Bull. There may be a doubt regarding the appearance of Airavatam instead of Garuda of the presiding deity at noon. The answer to this question is that the Aagama scriptures described Vishnu rode on Airavata also. He is not only Vishnu but also Upendra. Further, we read in Devi Bhagavatam (Sk 12 Adh 6, verse 26): ‘Gayatri airavatee ruudha, aindraanee airaavatee ruudhaa chaihika aamushmika pradaa’, ‘Khecharee khagavahanaa also is used. Though the topic is one, such deviations are inevitable in order to grasp the message. If it is very transparent it loses its value. That is not the purpose of a Kavya. Hence airavatam was mentioned. Over and above this, there is no damage to the main objective of conveying the essential message. However there is one special feature here. The order followed so far is slightly different from other scriptures. For example, the text of Gayatri Kalpam, the ‘Gayatri-ashtottara-sata-nama stotram’ of Vasishta, Gayatri Shodasi Seshendra Sharma 130 Upanishad, and Kasi Khanda, follow a different order of Brahma, Maheswara and Vishnu in the meditation of Gayatri Upasana, but not the sequence of Brahma, Vishnu and Maheswara. That means the Vahana in the midday is a Bull and Garuda and Garuda Vahana would be in the evening. Even the Jagadguru Adi Shankara Acharaya followed this sequence in his commentary of the Yajurveda Sandhya Vandanam. While the sequence, Garuda and Bull is consistent with the cyclic idea of Srishti, Sthiti and Laya (Creation, Existence and Dissolution), it is necessary to examine why a different sequence is also accepted. Whatever that may be, the three visions described by Valmiki are consistent with the sequence of Brahma, Vishnu and Maheswara, and also in agreement with the verse I quoted from Devi Bhagavatam. Hence it is concluded that the Sage created an external image in the form of a dream of Trijata but gave an inner meaning of Gayatri Mantra and the presiding Deity of Gayatri Mantra. This unprecedented creation was named by the Sage as the Dream of Trijata. There is already a secret in the very name of Trijata. Trijata is not some unknown Raakshasi (demoness). Trijata is one of the names of Gayatri’s thousand names! In Devi Bhagavatam (12th Sk, 6 Adh. 72 ver), we read; ‘Trijata tittiree trushna trividha tarunaa kritih. Hence we find its inner meaning of Trijata in the Ramayana. One of the commentators of the Ramayana, Govinda Raju, stated that Trijata is the daughter of Vibheeshana, probably on the basis of a statement ‘Trijata vibheeshana Putree’, which is an unfounded statement. This statement acquired currency subsequently. But Valmiki wrote in the Ramayana: ‘Rakshasi Trijata vriddhaa prabuddha vaakya mabraveet’. Trijata is vriddhaa which means Trijata is aged. Ravana was not aged.He was described as: ‘Samakshamiva kandarpam apaviddha saraasanam’ And Vibheeshana is the younger than Ravana. How can the daughter of Vibheeshana be aged? Valmiki said: ‘Jyeshtaa Kanyaa Nala naama Vibheeshana sutaa kape’. (8u 37-11). Therefore the daughter of Vibheeshana is Nala. The description; ‘ ’is the most appropriate use. The words ‘Saayam sandhyaa vriddha prabuddha’ describe a state of wisdom (evening Sandhya is jnana swaruupini). Another point: In the narration of the dream it was stated: ‘Sukla – maalya –ambara-dharo lakshmanena- sahaagatah’; ‘Thatasthau nara saarduulau …sukla-maalyambara- dharau’ ….’seetaa sukla-ambara-dharavritaa’, all which shows that Rama and Lakshmana and Sita were wearing white clothes or white garlands. They are all One from a transcendental point of view. It was known: ‘Lakshmee rasyaa stheti Lakshmanah. Which means: He who has grace of Lakshmi is ‘Lakshmana.’ He is Rama only! When we say ‘Rama Lakshmana’, the word ‘Lakshmana’ is a qualifier of Rama. Take another example. ‘Na chirat drakshyase Ramam, Lskshmanam cha maha balam madhye vaanara koteenaam sugreevam chamitaujasam’.(Su 34-38). This means: ‘You will see very soon Rama, Lakshmana Sugreeva.’ It is the direct meaning. The implied meaning is: You will soon see the One who has the grace of Laksmi and who has a beautiful ‘neck’ (voice or speech; madhye-vaa-nara koteenaam). There is no need to speak further about the inseparability of Sita and Rama. Where is the difference between Siva and Shakti? Their inseparability was revealed by Valmiki already in (Su 15-57): ‘Asyaa devyaa yathaa ruupam anga pratyanga saushtavam Ramasya cha yathaaa ruupam thasyeva masithekshanah’ Rama Tapinyupanishad says: ‘Chinmayesmin sthrayodasa svabhurjyothi sthisrah sita ramaavekaa jeeva vaachee shasthih …’ It is, therefore quite in order to say that the description of the white dress of Rama, Lakshmana and Sita in the dream is essentially the indication of Gayatri being meditated in Sweta varna – ‘Sweta Varna Saamkhyaayana sa gotra Gayatri’. The triple colors of Rakta, Sukla and Krishna varnas are intended only for three daily meditations, but in other occasions, Gayatri is always known in white color. The description of the Trijata Dream is seen to be slightly different in different publications. For example a publication of Ramayana of DVS Kalasala Research center, Lahore is seen to have a slight variation in the details of Trijata’s dream. A few verses are reproduced to illustrate the variations in the details. “Taasaam eta dwacha sshutwaa trijataa vriddha raakshasee! Vaktum kritaanjaliputaa tam swapnam upachakrame !! * Sa parvata vanaam kritnaam grasamaano maheem imaam! Swapne raamo mayaa drishto rudhiram peethavaan bahu!! * Gajadantamayeem divyaam shivikaam antharikshagaam! Yuktaam naaga sahasrena swayam aasthaaya raaghavaha!! * Shodasi Seshendra Sharma 132 Swapne chaadya mayaa drishtaa seethaa shuklaambaraavrithaa Saagarena parikshiptham aaruhya swethaparvatham! Raamena sangathaa sithaa bhaaskarena yathaa prabhaa!! * Ihopayaathaha kaakusthaha sithaa yaa sahabhaaryayaa! Lakshmanena saha bhraathaa vimaane pushpake sthithaha!! * Raaghavascha Mayaa Drishta schathuranthe mahaagaje ! Aaroodha shailasankaasho vicharan saha bhaaryayaa!! 6 * Tatastthou nara shaadhoolou deepthamaanou swathejasaa! Shuklamaalyaambaradharou jaanakeem paryupasthitou!! 7 * Tata sthasya nagasyaagraath aakaashasthanya danthinaha! Bharthraa parigriheethasya jaanakeeskandha maapluthaa!! 8 * Bharthu rankaa tsumutpatya tataha kamalalochanaa! Chandrasooryou mayaa drishtaa paaninaa parimaarjathee!! 9 * Tata staabhyaam kumaaraabhyaam aastthito sou gajotthamaha! Sitayaa cha vishaalaakshyaa lankaam paryabhitaha sthitaha!! 10 * Paandura rshabhayuktena rathenaastthayujaha swayam! Shuklamaalyabaradharo lakshmanena samaagathaha!! 11 * Vimaanaath pushpakaath aadya ravanaha pathitho mayaa! Krishyamaanaha striyaa drishto mundaha pithaambaro hi saha!! 12 * Ushtrena cha mayaa drishtaha prayatho dakshinaam dishaam! Samaajashcha mayaa drishto geethaa vaadithra nrityavaan!! 13 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * ” There are a few variations in this publication. One of them is the phrase ‘Naga sahasrena’ in stead of ‘Hamsa sahasrena’. The second is the phrase ‘Rathenashta yujah’ in stead of ‘Rathenashta yujaa’. The third is ‘Ushtrena’ in stead of ‘Kharena’. These are not significant and do not change the message and content of Trijata’s Dream. They are due to local differences which influenced the literary standards. There is a possibility of the influence of political changes that occurred in the north more often than in the south. It is likely that the southern texts are relatively unaffected by political changes in the south. Hence these changes need not be interpreted as changes in the original texts. Shodasi Seshendra Sharma 133 It seems that the secret of Trijata Dream was not noticed by the authors of the Bhaarata, the Adhyatma Ramayana, the Bhagavata, the Devi Bhagavata and the Champu Ramayana. If you are interested, please read them and find it out yourself. Thus, Valmiki Maharshi introduced an apparent episode of Trijata’s Dream and made Gayatri Mantra and Gayatri Matra’s presiding deity’s description reverberate in it. Well meaning souls may appreciate this ultimate truth and be blessed.
- Seshendra Sharma
Translated by
Dr. Gurajada Suryanarayana Murthy
Physicist
BARC
Mumbai: India
---------
Copyright:
Saatyaki S/o Seshendra Sharma
62 Years
MA ( Pol.Science ) JNU : New Delhi
Publisher & Coordinator
Gunturu Seshendra Sharma Memorial Trust (Non-Profit)
Hyderabad : India
Contact: saatyaki@gmail.com , +91 9441070985, 7702964402
काश्यश्च परमेष्वासः शिखण्डी च महारथः । धृष्टद्युम्नो विराटश्च सात्यकिश्चापराजितः ॥ kāśyaśca paramēṣvāsaḥ śikhaṇḍī ca mahārathaḥ. dhṛṣṭadyumnō virāṭaśca sātyakiścāparājitaḥ ৷৷ Bhagawat Gita : 1.17 ৷৷
Kaasyas cha parameswaasah sikhandee cha Maha Rathah
Drushtadyumno viraatas cha saatyakis chaaparaajitah
Bhagavath Geetha : 1st Chapter : 17th Sloka
---
Important Note
This book was published in the form of a series of articles in Telugu, in Andhra
Prabha, Telugu Daily, in 1965. The 1st edition was published in 1967 by the author
himself. 2nd edition was published by Tirumala Tirupathi Devasthanams, Tirupathi
in 1981. 3rd and 4th editions were published by Saatyaki S/o Seshendra Sharma in
2000, 2013, e published (e book is online) on 3rd October 2014. English Translation
e published (e book is online) on 30th May 2015. First Edition of Shodasi: Secrets of
the Ramayana was printed in August 2015.
----------
SHODASI : SECRETS OF THE RAMAYANA
Kundalini Yoga & Gayathri Mantra in Valmiki Ramayana
ENGLISH HINDI AND TELUGU ORIGINAL
AUTHOR : SESHENDRA SHARMA
Seshendra : Visionary Poet of the Millennium
REVIEWS :
Indications are that this was a pond. Maybe it will fill up when the snow thaws.
On some common land near Pleasant Drive in Billericay.
The embankment behind the green fence is the Southend Victoria to London Liverpool Street Line.
The Forty-seventh Session of WIPO's Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT) took place in Geneva from March 18 to March 20, 2024 in hybrid form – with delegates and observers attending physically in Geneva, Switzerland, and via remote participation from around the world.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Emmanuel Berrod. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Photo of the "Innovating with Geographical Indications to Boost Local Development. Experience Sharing from Various Member States." side event held during the Sixty-Fifth Series of Meetings of the Assemblies of WIPO Member States, which took place in Geneva, Switzerland, from July 9-17, 2024.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Violaine Martin. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Photo of the "Innovating with Geographical Indications to Boost Local Development. Experience Sharing from Various Member States." side event held during the Sixty-Fifth Series of Meetings of the Assemblies of WIPO Member States, which took place in Geneva, Switzerland, from July 9-17, 2024.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Violaine Martin. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Gobustan State Historical and Cultural Reserve (Azerbaijani: Qobustan dövlət tarixi-bədii qoruğu) is located west of the settlement of Gobustan, about 40 miles (64 km) southwest of the center of Baku. It was established in 1966, when the area was declared a national historical landmark of Azerbaijan in an attempt to preserve the prehistoric rock carvings, mud volcanoes and musical stones in the region.
Gobustan State Reserve is rich in archeological monuments. Gobustan Rock Art Cultural Landscape within the reserve, which covers an area of 537 ha, has more than 6,000 rock carvings, which depict people, animals, battle-pieces, ritual dances, bullfights, boats with armed oarsmen, warriors with lances, camel caravans, sun and stars, on average dating back to 5,000-20,000 years.
Gobustan State Historical and Cultural Reserve acquired national status in 2006, and Gobustan Rock Art Cultural Landscape was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2007. As of 2011, the Petroglyph Museum functions in the reserve.
The rock carvings and petroglyphs, located at the part of the reserve called Gobustan Rock Art Cultural Landscape, display mesmerizing images of prehistoric life in the Caucasus. The well-preserved sketches display ancient populations travelling on reed boats; men hunting antelope and wild bulls, and women dancing.[3] The controversial Norwegian anthropologist Thor Heyerdahl returned many times to Azerbaijan between 1961 and his death in 2002 to study the site in his "Search for Odin".
The language of the ancient population of Gobustan is disputed, but the petroglyphs still give information about the lives of prehistoric people who lived there. More than 4,000 pictures of animals, humans, natural life experiences, hunting, and dancing were carved over a span of thousands of years. Most of the petroglyphs are on large cliffs, divided among multiple ancient residences, and in some cases they have been carved over older images. The first carvings depicted natural human and animal figures, often irregularly, but over time they began to more closely resemble the measurements and proportions of their subjects, including such details as the foot muscles of people in hunting scenes. The heads of the human figures tend to be small and carved without noses, mouths, eyes, or ears. However, experts do not interpret this lack of facial features as an indication that the Gobustan artists lacked technical skill, since some of the carvings demonstrate a higher degree of complexity and detail. Many scenes from tribal life are depicted among the petroglyphs, and images from the Seven Beauties cave suggest that women may have participated in hunting.
In June 1948, the chief of the archaeological expedition of the Institute of History of the Academy of Sciences of the Azerbaijan SSR Ishag Jafarzadeh discovered a Latin inscription on a large rock near the southeastern slope of the Boyuk-Dash mountain, which reads:
IMP DOMITIANO CAESARE AVG GERMANIC, LVCIVS IVLIVS MAXIMVS CENTVRIO LEG XII FVL (To Imp(erator) Domitianus Caesar Aug(ustus) Germanicus, (by) Lucius Julius Maximus, Centurion of Leg(ion) XII Ful(minata).)
Because of its uniqueness and mysteriousness, the inscription attracted the attention of specialists in Latin epigraphy and history of ancient Rome and Transcaucasia. It is the easternmost of all known Latin inscriptions, and is the only Latin inscription found on the territory of ancient Caucasian Albania. Most experts consider this inscription to be an indisputable proof of the presence of Roman troops in the eastern part of Transcaucasia in late 1st century BC. An alternative theory suggests that the inscription might have been left by a Roman centurion who carried out a secret intelligence or diplomatic mission.
The Gaval Dash is a natural musical stone which can only be found in Gobustan, Azerbaijan. It stands at the entrance to the reserve, and is one of four "singing stones" found there. When this big, two-meter-long stone is struck with smaller rocks, it makes a hollow, ringing sound, resembling the sound of a tambourine, or "gaval" in Azerbaijani language. This unique resonance is created by microscopic holes inside the rock, which are believed to result from the dry climate and the effect of natural gas in the region.
It's estimated that 300 of the planet's estimated 700 mud volcanoes are located in Gobustan, Azerbaijan, and the Caspian Sea. Mud volcanoes of Gobustan are a popular attraction for both scientists and tourists, the latter often bathing in mud, which is thought to have medicinal qualities.
In April 2021, a groundbreaking ceremony was held for the new Mud Volcanoes Tourism Complex, which was inaugurated in June 2024. Mud Volcanoes Tourism Complex covers the area of 12-hectares, and includes a quad bike path, footpaths, a zip line and an observation tower, a parking lot, a souvenir shop, as well as therapeutic baths. The road infrastructure was improved by extending a 20-kilometer road from the Gobustan Reserve to “Gilinj” mud volcano site and nearby volcanoes and create the Baku-Gobustan-Mud volcanoes tourism cluster. The Complex has a Nature History Exhibition Hall that displays a collection of animal skeletons from Azerbaijan and around the world, while the minerals exhibition features nearly 80 types of minerals found in Azerbaijan. There is also a 110-seat restaurant in the complex.
The natural conditions were completely different 20-25 thousand years ago. Judging by the depictions of animals and human figures in Gobustan, the region had a warm climate 10 to 12 thousand years ago. People were wearing light clothes, and women were wearing short leather dresses. Because of the permanent hot weather, greenery and abundant water, Gobustan was the habitat of wild animals such as bulls, horses, deer, goats, and others. According to the rock carvings and the archeological evidence, wolves, tigers, foxes, jackals and other wild animals also inhabited this area.
In 1968, bones of an unknown large animal were discovered 3 metres (9.8 ft) under the ground during the excavation works near Atbulakh. The workers informed the Ministry of Culture of Azerbaijan SSR. After the examination of the discovered bones, it was determined that these bones were the cervical vertebrae of the southern mammoth that lived in Gobustan.
Further indication of CODEPINK's creative genius and dedication to peace. This is the peace sign fan, "I am a delegate for PEACE," that 1000 delegates held up on the floor of the Convention.
The Forty-ninth Session of WIPO's Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT) took place in Geneva from March 30 to April 2, 2026 in hybrid form – with delegates and observers attending physically in Geneva, Switzerland, and via remote participation from around the world.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Emmanuel Berrod. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Photo of the "Innovating with Geographical Indications to Boost Local Development. Experience Sharing from Various Member States." side event held during the Sixty-Fifth Series of Meetings of the Assemblies of WIPO Member States, which took place in Geneva, Switzerland, from July 9-17, 2024.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Violaine Martin. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
University of Indianaplis, Indiana. There was no indication of name of the artist and title of the sculpture.
Photo of the "Innovating with Geographical Indications to Boost Local Development. Experience Sharing from Various Member States." side event held during the Sixty-Fifth Series of Meetings of the Assemblies of WIPO Member States, which took place in Geneva, Switzerland, from July 9-17, 2024.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Violaine Martin. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Worldwide Perspectives on Geographical Indications - An International Conference - 5-8- July 2022
This international conference is co-organized by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD) to discuss the most recent research and implementing practices of geographical indications (GIs) in all the regions of the world: Europe, Asia/Oceania, Africa, South and North America.
The International Conference has taken place from the 5th to the 8th of July 2022 in Montpellier (France), and has gathered researchers, policy makers and practitioners.
To learn more about the conference, please visit the website (available in English, French and Spanish): gi2021.sciencesconf.org/
arched automobile beaches cable careful color danger discover entertainment environment explore flora fun gateway goa green india indication moody mystery ocean overhanging path picturesque plants pleasure pole protect relaxing resorts road romantic route rules scenic scooter seaside sign symbol traffic travel turn two unknown vacation vegetation wet wheeler wild wire
Photo of the "Innovating with Geographical Indications to Boost Local Development. Experience Sharing from Various Member States." side event held during the Sixty-Fifth Series of Meetings of the Assemblies of WIPO Member States, which took place in Geneva, Switzerland, from July 9-17, 2024.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Violaine Martin. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Photo of the "Innovating with Geographical Indications to Boost Local Development. Experience Sharing from Various Member States." side event held during the Sixty-Fifth Series of Meetings of the Assemblies of WIPO Member States, which took place in Geneva, Switzerland, from July 9-17, 2024.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Violaine Martin. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Photo of the "Innovating with Geographical Indications to Boost Local Development. Experience Sharing from Various Member States." side event held during the Sixty-Fifth Series of Meetings of the Assemblies of WIPO Member States, which took place in Geneva, Switzerland, from July 9-17, 2024.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Violaine Martin. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Photo of the "Innovating with Geographical Indications to Boost Local Development. Experience Sharing from Various Member States." side event held during the Sixty-Fifth Series of Meetings of the Assemblies of WIPO Member States, which took place in Geneva, Switzerland, from July 9-17, 2024.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Violaine Martin. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Photo of the "Innovating with Geographical Indications to Boost Local Development. Experience Sharing from Various Member States." side event held during the Sixty-Fifth Series of Meetings of the Assemblies of WIPO Member States, which took place in Geneva, Switzerland, from July 9-17, 2024.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Violaine Martin. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Photo of the "Innovating with Geographical Indications to Boost Local Development. Experience Sharing from Various Member States." side event held during the Sixty-Fifth Series of Meetings of the Assemblies of WIPO Member States, which took place in Geneva, Switzerland, from July 9-17, 2024.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Violaine Martin. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The Forty-seventh Session of WIPO's Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT) took place in Geneva from March 18 to March 20, 2024 in hybrid form – with delegates and observers attending physically in Geneva, Switzerland, and via remote participation from around the world.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Emmanuel Berrod. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Photo of the "Innovating with Geographical Indications to Boost Local Development. Experience Sharing from Various Member States." side event held during the Sixty-Fifth Series of Meetings of the Assemblies of WIPO Member States, which took place in Geneva, Switzerland, from July 9-17, 2024.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Violaine Martin. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Photo of the "Innovating with Geographical Indications to Boost Local Development. Experience Sharing from Various Member States." side event held during the Sixty-Fifth Series of Meetings of the Assemblies of WIPO Member States, which took place in Geneva, Switzerland, from July 9-17, 2024.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Violaine Martin. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
We were doing vibration sweeps, 12 to 150 hz up and down 40 times at 1 octave per minute, three axes each in two different configurations. If the lights are all on, all is well. It took forever. This test is very dull when it is going well. Test shot with the Zorki 1.
Photo of the "Innovating with Geographical Indications to Boost Local Development. Experience Sharing from Various Member States." side event held during the Sixty-Fifth Series of Meetings of the Assemblies of WIPO Member States, which took place in Geneva, Switzerland, from July 9-17, 2024.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Violaine Martin. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Photo of the "Innovating with Geographical Indications to Boost Local Development. Experience Sharing from Various Member States." side event held during the Sixty-Fifth Series of Meetings of the Assemblies of WIPO Member States, which took place in Geneva, Switzerland, from July 9-17, 2024.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Violaine Martin. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
I'd gotten a glimpse of the damage to the Westin Peachtree Plaza while out grocery shopping earlier. The view wasn't much different than this, which shows the damage but hides the extent. The clouds behind the hotel also give an indication of what's to come. I thought they were moving southeast....and thus, away from me.
I was wrong.
University of Indianaplis, Indiana. There was no indication of name of the artist and title of the sculpture.
Photo of the "Innovating with Geographical Indications to Boost Local Development. Experience Sharing from Various Member States." side event held during the Sixty-Fifth Series of Meetings of the Assemblies of WIPO Member States, which took place in Geneva, Switzerland, from July 9-17, 2024.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Violaine Martin. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The Forty-ninth Session of WIPO's Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT) took place in Geneva from March 30 to April 2, 2026 in hybrid form – with delegates and observers attending physically in Geneva, Switzerland, and via remote participation from around the world.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Emmanuel Berrod. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.