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History of Kraków
First indications of the existence of Krakow approximately stem from the 7th century. In the next following centuries the tribe of Vistulans (Wislanie) populated Krakow, after they centuries ago in the as "Lesser Poland" or Malopolska known region had settled down. From the year 965 stems the first document from Krakow, as Abraham ben Jacob of Cordova, a Jewish merchant, in his book referred to the trading center of Krakow.
In 1000, the Diocese of Krakow was founded and in 1038 declared capital of the Piast dynasty. The Wawel castle and several churches were built in the 11th century and thus the town rapidly grew. 1241 the Mongols invaded the city and burned down Krakow without exception. 1138 Krakow became the seat of the senior prince. 1257 Kraków was awarded its town charter and a city map was drawn up, which remained until today. This one included the arrangement of the checkerboard street configuration with a centrally located market. On the market following the seat of the city government was built. From the historical trading functions until today only the Cloth Halls remained. But on the market not only trade agreements were closed but also courtly and urban festivities celebrated. Furthermore, the urban center served for executions. The defensive walls were built, which surrounded the city and linked it to the Wawel. In the south of Wawel Castle in 1335 the city of Kazimierz was created. By Royal command it was surrounded by defense walls and the churches of St. Catherine, of Corpus Christi and the "Na Skalce" were built. End of the 15th century, Jews settled the later Cracow district. 1364 the Cracow Academy of King Kazimierz Wielki was founded, the famous Polish Jagellonen-University.
With the last king of Jagellonian dynasty, Krakow flourished. The Wawel castle was rebuilt in Renaissance style, the well known Zygmunt chapel was built and the Cloth Halls as well as the patrician houses have been restored. During the reign of King Sigismund III. Vasa the baroque style received introduction in Krakow. The Baroque University Church of St. Anne and the Church of Saints Peter and Paul were built in this period. In 1607 Warsaw was declared headquarters of the King, but Krakow retained its title of the Royal capital. Furthermore, it remained the place of coronations and funerals. Middle of the 17th century, the city was devastated by the Swedes, what at the beginning of the 18th century was produced again.
After the first partition of Poland, Krakow became a frontier town. Austria declared the settlement Podgorze separated city. After the second division in 1794, began the Polish national uprising. After its decline and the third partition of Poland the town fell to the Austrians, which on Wawel Hill caused numerous devastations and adapted buildings to the wishes and needs of the Army. 1809 Cracow was affiliated to the Grand Duchy of Warsaw. After the defeat of Napoleon, Krakow in the Vienna Convention of 1815 was declared Free City of Kraków. Then the remains of folk hero Tadeusz Kosciuszko and of Prince Jozef Poniatowski were brought back to the city. 1820-1823 on the rise of St. Bronislava a hill in honor of the leader of the popular uprising was built. Instead of the city walls, which were largely destroyed, they laid out supporting beams. 1846 Krakow lost its independence and the Austrians erected again on the Wawel barracks and they surrounded the Wawel with fortification complexes. However, Austria but has proved less tyrannical and so the city enjoyed a certain degree of growing cultural and political freedom. 1918 Krakow became the independence back.
Before the outbreak of the Second World War, in Krakow lived about 260,000 inhabitants, of which 65,000 belonged to the Jewish religion. During the war, also Krakow became witness of German war crimes. The for the greater part Jewish district of Kazimierz was eradicated. The Jews from now on lived in ghettos where they either were deported from there to Auschwitz or immediately shot. In spite of the plundering of the Nazis, Krakow became no scene for military combat operations and thus the only large Polish town escaping this fate. Therefore, its old architecture still almost completely is intact.
After the surrender of Germany and the Polish liberation, hastened the Communist government to inspire the traditional life and the city with a large steel plant in Nowa Huta. But the intensive rebuilding of the economy and industry rather promoted an ecological disaster. Buildings that had survived the war undamaged were now devoured and destroyed by acid rain and toxic gases. Carbon dioxide emissions grew so powerful that this has remained a serious and grave problem of the city. After the fall of the Communists and the fall of the Iron Curtain Krakow has benefited greatly from tourism and has adapted itself to a large extent to the Western culture.
The broken column signifying life cut short. Not always an indication of vandalism but quite often deliberate symbols of a life left unfinished when cut off by death. Often decorated with laurel wreaths. Other forms are a tree without branches, a tree stump, and a tree trunk with an embedded axe.
members.iinet.net.au/~perthdps/graves/symbols.htm
Katoomba cemetery, the broken column is symbolic of life cut short. The extract below from the cemetery transcription records shows the stone was originally white marble.
===================================================
HALLETT Eva Violet May
HALLETT Violet Mavis
Katoomba, General, Section 2. Row F. Nos.13, 14,
Tiered white marble base with broken white marble column, sandstone surround, white pebbled deck.
IN LOVING MEMORY
OF EVA VIOLET MAY HALLETT
ALSO VIOLET MAVIS HALLETT
AGED 16
AFTER LIFE'S FITFUL FEVER THEY SLEEP WELL
(bur. 19/4/1916) (Suicided by poison) "
EVA VIOLET HALLETT: Mother and daughter, 45 & 16 respectively, committed suicide by taking the barbiturate Veronal. Their bodies lay in the house for some seven or eight days before being discovered by a postman and a boy. The Halletts had rented the house about three weeks before and the boy had gone to it to collect the rent. Mrs. Hallett had separated from her husband, Waldemar Hallett of Brunswick, Victoria and had come to N.S.W. with her daughter two years before her death. Her son was working in Broken Hill at the time."
====================================
ILL-HEALTH LEADS TO DOUBLE SUICIDE.
EVIDENCE AT THE INQUEST
CORONER'S TRIBUTE TO SERGEANT KIDD
The circumstances surrounding the deaths of Mrs. Eva Violet May Hallett, 46 and her 17-year old daughter, Violet Mavis,
whose dead bodies were found in a cottage in Katoomba street South on April 17th, were inquired into by Mr. J. Richard, Lithgow District Coroner, in the Katoomba Court-house on Saturday morning.
South Katoomba Mystery. (1916, May 19). The Blue Mountain Echo (NSW : 1909 - 1928), p. 2. Retrieved October 28, 2022, from nla.gov.au/nla.news-article108042868
The Forty-Fifth Session of WIPO's Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT) took place in Geneva, Switzerland from March 28 to March 30, 2022.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Emmanuel Berrod. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
The Forty-Second Session of WIPO's Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT) took place in Geneva, Switzerland from November 4 to November 7, 2019. Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Emmanuel Berrod. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
The Forty-Second Session of WIPO's Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT) took place in Geneva, Switzerland from November 4 to November 7, 2019. Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Emmanuel Berrod. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
The Forty-Second Session of WIPO's Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT) took place in Geneva, Switzerland from November 4 to November 7, 2019. Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Emmanuel Berrod. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
The Forty-First Session of WIPO's Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT) took place in Geneva, Switzerland from April 8 to April 11, 2019.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Emmanuel Berrod. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
The Forty-First Session of WIPO's Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT) took place in Geneva, Switzerland from April 8 to April 11, 2019.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Emmanuel Berrod. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
The Forty-Fifth Session of WIPO's Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT) took place in Geneva, Switzerland from March 28 to March 30, 2022.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Emmanuel Berrod. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
The Forty-Second Session of WIPO's Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT) took place in Geneva, Switzerland from November 4 to November 7, 2019. Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Emmanuel Berrod. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
The Forty-Second Session of WIPO's Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT) took place in Geneva, Switzerland from November 4 to November 7, 2019. Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Emmanuel Berrod. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
The Forty-Sixth Session of WIPO's Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT) took place in Geneva from November 21 to November 23, 2022 in hybrid form – with delegates and observers attending physically in Geneva, Switzerland, and via remote participation from around the world.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Emmanuel Berrod. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
A points indication failure from the up main to the Harwich branch saw delays to up services and the Harwich branch shuttle, with the train I was travelling on (the 11.00 ex - Norwich) held at Cattawade for 50 minutes while this Network Rail MOM was sent to clip the points.
WIPO Director General Francis Gurry speaks at the opening of an exhibition entitled “Geographical Indications – Identities of Territories”. The exhibition presents the Italian geographical indications system through the most representative appellations of origin and geographical indications, their territories and representatives of producers, agro-food and wine.
The exhibition was held on the sidelines of the Assemblies of WIPO Member States, which met from October 2-11, 2017. WIPO co-organized the event with the Government of Italy.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Violaine Martin. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
The Fortieth Session of WIPO's Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT) took place in Geneva, Switzerland from November 12 to November 16, 2018.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Emmanuel Berrod. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
The Forty-Second Session of WIPO's Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT) took place in Geneva, Switzerland from November 4 to November 7, 2019. Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Emmanuel Berrod. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
The Fortieth Session of WIPO's Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT) took place in Geneva, Switzerland from November 12 to November 16, 2018.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Emmanuel Berrod. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
The Forty-First Session of WIPO's Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT) took place in Geneva, Switzerland from April 8 to April 11, 2019.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Emmanuel Berrod. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
The Fortieth Session of WIPO's Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT) took place in Geneva, Switzerland from November 12 to November 16, 2018.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Emmanuel Berrod. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
The Forty-Fifth Session of WIPO's Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT) took place in Geneva, Switzerland from March 28 to March 30, 2022.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Emmanuel Berrod. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
The Forty-Fifth Session of WIPO's Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT) took place in Geneva, Switzerland from March 28 to March 30, 2022.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Emmanuel Berrod. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
The Forty-Sixth Session of WIPO's Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT) took place in Geneva from November 21 to November 23, 2022 in hybrid form – with delegates and observers attending physically in Geneva, Switzerland, and via remote participation from around the world.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Emmanuel Berrod. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
The Fortieth Session of WIPO's Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT) took place in Geneva, Switzerland from November 12 to November 16, 2018.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Emmanuel Berrod. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
The Forty-Fifth Session of WIPO's Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT) took place in Geneva, Switzerland from March 28 to March 30, 2022.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Emmanuel Berrod. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
The Forty-Sixth Session of WIPO's Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT) took place in Geneva from November 21 to November 23, 2022 in hybrid form – with delegates and observers attending physically in Geneva, Switzerland, and via remote participation from around the world.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Emmanuel Berrod. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
This picture of Martin makes me laugh. Is he doing his best Bruce Springsteen impersonation (circa 1984)? Nope - just holding a glove up to an imaginary judge. (Of course he is!).
Photo of the “Harvesting Hope: Empowering Earthquake Affected Provinces through Geographical Indications” exhibition, co-organized by WIPO and the Government of Türkiye.
Held on the sidelines of the Assemblies of WIPO Member States, the exhibition featured origin-based products from Türkiye that benefit from geographical indication protection (GIs) – which helps them reach global markets, providing opportunities and jobs to communities, including in difficult times.
The Assemblies of WIPO Member States took place in Geneva, Switzerland, from July 6-14, 2023.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Violaine Martin. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The Fortieth Session of WIPO's Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT) took place in Geneva, Switzerland from November 12 to November 16, 2018.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Emmanuel Berrod. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
The Forty-First Session of WIPO's Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT) took place in Geneva, Switzerland from April 8 to April 11, 2019.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Emmanuel Berrod. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
History of Kraków
First indications of the existence of Krakow approximately stem from the 7th century. In the next following centuries the tribe of Vistulans (Wislanie) populated Krakow, after they centuries ago in the as "Lesser Poland" or Malopolska known region had settled down. From the year 965 stems the first document from Krakow, as Abraham ben Jacob of Cordova, a Jewish merchant, in his book referred to the trading center of Krakow.
In 1000, the Diocese of Krakow was founded and in 1038 declared capital of the Piast dynasty. The Wawel castle and several churches were built in the 11th century and thus the town rapidly grew. 1241 the Mongols invaded the city and burned down Krakow without exception. 1138 Krakow became the seat of the senior prince. 1257 Kraków was awarded its town charter and a city map was drawn up, which remained until today. This one included the arrangement of the checkerboard street configuration with a centrally located market. On the market following the seat of the city government was built. From the historical trading functions until today only the Cloth Halls remained. But on the market not only trade agreements were closed but also courtly and urban festivities celebrated. Furthermore, the urban center served for executions. The defensive walls were built, which surrounded the city and linked it to the Wawel. In the south of Wawel Castle in 1335 the city of Kazimierz was created. By Royal command it was surrounded by defense walls and the churches of St. Catherine, of Corpus Christi and the "Na Skalce" were built. End of the 15th century, Jews settled the later Cracow district. 1364 the Cracow Academy of King Kazimierz Wielki was founded, the famous Polish Jagellonen-University.
With the last king of Jagellonian dynasty, Krakow flourished. The Wawel castle was rebuilt in Renaissance style, the well known Zygmunt chapel was built and the Cloth Halls as well as the patrician houses have been restored. During the reign of King Sigismund III. Vasa the baroque style received introduction in Krakow. The Baroque University Church of St. Anne and the Church of Saints Peter and Paul were built in this period. In 1607 Warsaw was declared headquarters of the King, but Krakow retained its title of the Royal capital. Furthermore, it remained the place of coronations and funerals. Middle of the 17th century, the city was devastated by the Swedes, what at the beginning of the 18th century was produced again.
After the first partition of Poland, Krakow became a frontier town. Austria declared the settlement Podgorze separated city. After the second division in 1794, began the Polish national uprising. After its decline and the third partition of Poland the town fell to the Austrians, which on Wawel Hill caused numerous devastations and adapted buildings to the wishes and needs of the Army. 1809 Cracow was affiliated to the Grand Duchy of Warsaw. After the defeat of Napoleon, Krakow in the Vienna Convention of 1815 was declared Free City of Kraków. Then the remains of folk hero Tadeusz Kosciuszko and of Prince Jozef Poniatowski were brought back to the city. 1820-1823 on the rise of St. Bronislava a hill in honor of the leader of the popular uprising was built. Instead of the city walls, which were largely destroyed, they laid out supporting beams. 1846 Krakow lost its independence and the Austrians erected again on the Wawel barracks and they surrounded the Wawel with fortification complexes. However, Austria but has proved less tyrannical and so the city enjoyed a certain degree of growing cultural and political freedom. 1918 Krakow became the independence back.
Before the outbreak of the Second World War, in Krakow lived about 260,000 inhabitants, of which 65,000 belonged to the Jewish religion. During the war, also Krakow became witness of German war crimes. The for the greater part Jewish district of Kazimierz was eradicated. The Jews from now on lived in ghettos where they either were deported from there to Auschwitz or immediately shot. In spite of the plundering of the Nazis, Krakow became no scene for military combat operations and thus the only large Polish town escaping this fate. Therefore, its old architecture still almost completely is intact.
After the surrender of Germany and the Polish liberation, hastened the Communist government to inspire the traditional life and the city with a large steel plant in Nowa Huta. But the intensive rebuilding of the economy and industry rather promoted an ecological disaster. Buildings that had survived the war undamaged were now devoured and destroyed by acid rain and toxic gases. Carbon dioxide emissions grew so powerful that this has remained a serious and grave problem of the city. After the fall of the Communists and the fall of the Iron Curtain Krakow has benefited greatly from tourism and has adapted itself to a large extent to the Western culture.
Chroicocephalus bulleri - Black-billed Gull
Il n'y a que deux espèces de mouettes en Nouvelle-Zélande, mais elles se ressemblent beaucoup. La mouette de Buller a un bec noir et fin (la Mouette scopuline (Larus scopulinus) l'a rouge et plus fort) et elle est nettement plus claire que sa congénère. Le dessus est d'un gris très pâle et la pointe des ailes est à peine marquée de noir. Chez les adultes, l'oeil est clair, il est sombre chez les jeunes. L'espèce est monotypique (pas de sous-espèces).
Indications subspécifiques espèce monotypique
La mouette de Buller est une 'bavarde' et son cri peu agréable fait partie des paysages sonores des lacs néo-zélandais.
Endémique de Nouvelle-Zélande, la mouette de Buller se reproduit surtout dans l'intérieur de l'île du Sud ainsi que dans la région de Rotorua dans l'île du Nord.
Il existe de rare colonies littorales dans l'île du Sud. En saison de reproduction, elle fréquente surtout les berges et îlots des lacs et cours d'eau. En période internuptiale, les oiseaux se dispersent et on peut l'observer sur les côtes des deux îles, souvent en compagnie de la Mouette scopuline. Elle fréquente aussi volontiers les champs inondés et les pâtures.
Même si elle est assez grégaire, la mouette de Buller se montre souvent agressive envers ses congénères lors de la formation des couples.
La mouette de Buller recherche sa nourriture en groupe, essentiellement dans les champs durant la saison de reproduction, souvent à plusieurs kilomètres des colonies.
Mouette de Buller
adulte
Elle consomme surtout des invertébrés (terrestres ou aquatiques) mais aussi de petits poissons. La plupart des proies aquatiques sont cueillies à la surface de l'eau. Chasse aussi les insectes volants. Comme beaucoup d'autres espèces de laridés, elle sait aussi exploiter les ordures laissées par les activités humaines ; dans les parcs de certaines villes, elle est devenue très familière, venant quémander sa nourriture comme les pigeons...
Si la nourriture n'est pas suffisante, les colonies peuvent être abandonnées.
Les parades nuptiales commencent dès le mois d'août sur les sites d'hivernage et les oiseaux arrivent sur les colonies vers la mi-septembre.
Mouette de Buller
adulte
A l'intérieur d'une colonie, les pontes sont assez synchrones. Les nids sont de petites cuvettes garnies de brindilles et de tiges herbacées. La ponte est généralement de 2 oeufs, mais on en trouve parfois d'1 ou 3 oeufs. Les deux adultes couvent pendant un peu plus de 3 semaines et les jeunes volent généralement un peu avant l'âge d'un mois. La mouette de Buller est capable de se reproduire à l'âge de 2 ans, mais ne le fait souvent que beaucoup plus tard (4 ou 5 ans).
Maintenant considérée comme 'En danger' par BirdLife International. Dans l'île du Sud, il y avait 57 000 couples en 1985-1986, mais seulement 33 500 onze ans plus tard (48 000 couples au total). Comme pour la Guifette des galets (Chlidonias albostriatus), les principales menaces sont la diminution des sites favorables à la reproduction envahis par la végétation exotique, la prédation des oeufs et des poussins par les rats, les chats et les mustélidés introduits, l'aménagement des cours d'eau et le développement des loisirs aquatiques. D'après l'IUCN, l'espèce a perdu 50 % de ses effectifs en un peu plus de 30 ans !
There are only two species of seagulls in New Zealand, but they are very similar. Buller's Gull has a black, thin beak (the Scopulin Gull (Larus scopulinus) has a red and stronger beak) and is much lighter than its congeners. The top is a very pale gray and the tips of the wings are barely marked with black. In adults, the eye is clear, it is dark in young people. The species is monotypic (no subspecies).
Subspecific indications monotypic species
Buller's Gull is a talkative and its unpleasant shout is part of the soundscapes of New Zealand lakes.
Endemic to New Zealand, the Buller's Gull breeds mainly in the interior of the South Island as well as in the Rotorua region of the North Island.
There are rare coastal colonies in the South Island. During the breeding season, it frequents the banks and islets of lakes and streams. In the inter-eral period, the birds disperse and can be seen on the coasts of both islands, often with the Seagull. She also frequents flooded fields and pastures.
Although she is quite gregarious, the Buller's gull is often aggressive towards her conspecifics when training couples.
The Buller's Gull searches for food in groups, mostly in the fields during the breeding season, often several kilometers from colonies.
Buller's Gull
adult
It consumes mainly invertebrates (terrestrial or aquatic) but also small fish. Most aquatic prey is collected on the surface of the water. Also hunt flying insects. Like many other species of laridae, she also knows how to exploit the garbage left by human activities; in the parks of some cities, she became very familiar, begging for food like pigeons ...
If the food is not sufficient, the colonies can be abandoned.
The courtship displays begin in August at the wintering sites and birds arrive at the colonies in mid-September.
Buller's Gull
adult
Inside a colony, the eggs are quite synchronous. Nests are small troughs with twigs and herbaceous stems. Spawning is usually 2 eggs, but sometimes 1 or 3 eggs are found. Both adults incubate for a little over 3 weeks and the young usually fly a little before the age of one month. Buller's Gulls are able to reproduce at 2 years of age, but often do so only much later (4 or 5 years).
Now considered 'Endangered' by BirdLife International. In the South Island, there were 57,000 pairs in 1985-1986, but only 33,500 eleven years later (48,000 pairs in total). As for the Pebble Tern (Chlidonias albostriatus), the main threats are the decrease of breeding sites invaded by exotic vegetation, the predation of eggs and chicks by introduced rats, cats and mustelids, watercourses and the development of aquatic recreation. According to IUCN, the species has lost 50% of its population in just over 30 years!
The Fortieth Session of WIPO's Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT) took place in Geneva, Switzerland from November 12 to November 16, 2018.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Emmanuel Berrod. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
The Forty-Fifth Session of WIPO's Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT) took place in Geneva, Switzerland from March 28 to March 30, 2022.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Emmanuel Berrod. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
Sadly there are only two street view images of this site which gives no indication as to when this site closed down and was vacated.
The earliest image (2009) shows the site in its finery, a lovely, tidy, well presented site with a nice row of Gilbarco Highline pumps, although a sign at the forecourt entrance indicates that the garage was only selling diesel, so I think no more than two pumps were in use.
Another pump appears to be situated at the edge of the forecourt, concealed within the bushes and seems to have remained unused for a considerable amount of time
The totem pole is dominated by the name of the owner with the One Green Route logo secondary to this, also the totem displays Bio Plus, which appears to be bio fuels.
The latest street view image is from August 2024, which was four months before I got my photographs of the site, this again doesn't give any indication of when the site closed but looking at the state of the place It's clearly been some time.
There is plenty of evidence showing that this had been a Burmah site, possibly the last brand before the change to One Green Route.
The pump at the edge of the forecourt, now the only one left on the site which now bears the previous brand.
This is one of several filling stations in the A68 that have closed down.
2009 Google street view
www.google.com/maps/place/A.+G.+East/@54.6786438,-1.78139...
The Forty-Fifth Session of WIPO's Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT) took place in Geneva, Switzerland from March 28 to March 30, 2022.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Emmanuel Berrod. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
The Forty-Sixth Session of WIPO's Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT) took place in Geneva from November 21 to November 23, 2022 in hybrid form – with delegates and observers attending physically in Geneva, Switzerland, and via remote participation from around the world.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Emmanuel Berrod. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
The Fortieth Session of WIPO's Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT) took place in Geneva, Switzerland from November 12 to November 16, 2018.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Emmanuel Berrod. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
The Forty-Fifth Session of WIPO's Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT) took place in Geneva, Switzerland from March 28 to March 30, 2022.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Emmanuel Berrod. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
The Forty-Second Session of WIPO's Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT) took place in Geneva, Switzerland from November 4 to November 7, 2019. Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Emmanuel Berrod. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
Indication: CAUTION
Meaning: PROCEED. Next signal may be at STOP
NSW double light colour indication system.
WIPO Director General Francis Gurry visited an exhibition co-organized by WIPO and Turkey on the sidelines of the WIPO Assemblies, which met in Geneva from October 3 to 11, 2016.
The event entitled “Turkish Culture and Geographical Indications” showcased a snapshot of Turkey’s rich culture and geographical indications and was inaugurated on October 4, 2016.
It featured examples of Turkey’s protected geographic indications, including Afyon marble, Antep Kutnu cloth, Gaziantep mother-of-pearl inlaying and Safranbolu Turkish delight. The inauguration also featured a performance of traditional Turkish music.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Violaine Martin. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
The Forty-Fifth Session of WIPO's Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT) took place in Geneva, Switzerland from March 28 to March 30, 2022.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Emmanuel Berrod. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
The Forty-Second Session of WIPO's Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT) took place in Geneva, Switzerland from November 4 to November 7, 2019. Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Emmanuel Berrod. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
The term Intellectual Property (IP) denotes the human mind’s creations that include literary and artistic works, symbols, names, inventions, etc., used in commercial ventures. With the rapid expansion of the global economy, Intellectual Property Law in Bangladesh, along with the corresponding rights, has become an absolute asset to the overall development of the country. In general, IP is protected by patents, geographical indications, trademarks, industrial designs, and more that enable people to earn recognition and benefits from what they have created or invented. IP Law in Bangladesh or any other nation aims to develop an environment that can ensure the right balance amid the interests of inventors and the public. ✅ For view source: bit.ly/34gRjGC