View allAll Photos Tagged extinct
Sculpture by Tavares Strachan, bronze with black patina and gold leaf.
Left to right: the artist (with extinct Thylacine, Tasmanian Tiger), Sister Rosetta Tharpe, Harriet Tubman, Shirley Chisolm, Marcus Garvey, Zumbi dos Palmares, Haile Selassie, Mary Seacole, Matthew Henson, Marsha P. Johnson, King Tubby, Derek Walcott and Robert Henry Lawrence.
In the background is Alfred Drury's sculpture of Sir Joshua Reynolds.
Arthur Bilger
Founder and CEO, WorkingNation
Teresa Ghilarducci
Bernard L. and Irene Schwartz Professor of Economics, The New School for Social Research; Director, Schwartz Center for Economic Policy Analysis and The New School Retirement Equity Lab
Paul Irving
Chairman, Center for the Future of Aging, Milken Institute; Chairman, Encore.org; Distinguished Scholar-in-Residence, University of Southern California Davis School of Gerontology
Kathleen Kennedy Townsend
Director, Retirement Security, Economic Policy Institute; Senior Advisor, Rock Creek Group; former Lieutenant Governor, State of Maryland
Penny Pennington
Managing Partner, Edward Jones
'Endangered and Extinct' by creative recycling artist Val Hunt, an exhibition at Gloucester Cathedral, Saturday 26 September-Sunday 1 November 2020 in the Cloisters
From the Cathedral's website:
"This exhibition presents a subtle message about recycling and preservation, raising awareness of why the creatures on show are endangered or extinct...
Having worked for the past 29 years as a professional maker, Val Hunt continues to be amazed at the versatility of creative recycling. There is an enormous variety of discarded material just waiting to be reconstructed and given a new identity, especially Val's favourite material of drinks can metal. Intricate constructions and interesting textures are key elements found in her work, humour is also an added ingredient whenever possible.
Through experimentation, ingenuity and skill her work is always changing as she discovers new techniques and ways of constructing recycled materials to signal a new meaning. Her works recycles a diverse selection of throwaway material, from these she creates a fascinating selection of large and small sculptural pieces which are both appealing and informative.
Despite her use of manufactured materials, her main inspiration comes from the natural world. Val has a special interest in endangered and extinct species and most of her work reflects this. She makes animals, exotic birds, dinosaurs, insects and species of flora all on the edge or now extinct.
The increasing awareness of the effects of pollution, climate change, plastic in the Ocean and environment destruction on the habitat have influenced Val's work. She now dedicates her making to highlighting the plight of species that are on the edge or gone forever in her touring educational exhibition 'Endangered and Extinct'...
Val's work has been shown in exhibitions around the UK, Denmark, Japan, United Emirates, USA and toured overseas with the British Council. She has work in many permanent collections."
Extinct - Pentax ES (1971) with Takumar 1:1.4 50 mm Super-Multi-Coated & 400 ISO Fuji Film - Photographer Russell McNeil PhD (Physics) lives in Nanaimo, British Columbia where he works also as a writer and a personal trainer.
Diploscaphites sp. - fossil ammonite from the Cretaceous of South Dakota, USA.
Ammonites are common & conspicuous fossils in Mesozoic marine sedimentary rocks. Ammonites are an extinct group of cephalopods - they’re basically squids in coiled shells. The living chambered nautilus also has a squid-in-a-coiled-shell body plan, but ammonites are a different group.
Ammonites get their name from the coiled shell shape being reminiscent of a ram’s horn. The ancient Egyptian god Amun (“Ammon” in Greek) was often depicted with a ram’s head & horns. Pliny’s Natural History, book 37, written in the 70s A.D., refers to these fossils as “Hammonis cornu” (the horn of Ammon), and mentions that people living in northeastern Africa perceived them as sacred. Pliny also indicates that ammonites were often pyritized.
Ammonites typically have a planispirally coiled, calcareous shell. Sometimes, the nacreous aragonite ("mother-of-pearl") is still preserved, as with the example shown here.
-------------------------------
Ammonite info. from the Wyoming Geological Museum in Laramie, Wyoming:
Ammonites
Ammonites are extinct molluscs of the Class Cephalopoda, a group represented today by the octopus, squid, and shell-bearing Nautilus. Ammonites appeared midway through the Paleozoic Era (400 million years ago). They diversified many times over their 300 million year history, and persited through three mass-extinction events. During the Mesozoic Era (from 250 to 65 million years ago), ammonites reached their greatest diversity, achieving many different shell forms and ways of life. At the end of the Mesozoic Era, ammonites became extinct, together with the dinosaurs, pterosaurs, and marine reptiles.
Ammonite Anatomy
Ammonites, like the modern Nautilus, possessed an external shell divided into a series of chambers by thin walls called septa. These chambers were connected by a flesh-bearing tube known as the siphuncle. By analogy with the living Nautilus, it served to regulate fluid and gas levels in each chamber, enabling ammonites to control their buoyancy. Although ammonites are common fossils, little is known about their soft parts. However, it is thought that their soft anatomy was similar to that of modern squid and octopi. They probably possessed eight to ten arms surrounding a beak-like mouth. Locomotion probably involved bringing water into a cavity, formed by the fleshy mantle, then expelling it by muscular contraction through a funnel-like opening called the hyponome, therby implementing a form of jet-propulsion.
Ammonite Ecology
Ammonites were common constituents of Cretaceous marine ecosystems and were represented in many habitats in the shallow seas that covered North America during the Mesozoic Era. Ammonites lived in both nearhsore and offshore settings in both benthic (seafloor) and pelagic (open ocean) habitats. Some species could probably even migrate between both types of habitats.
Feeding Habits
Most ammonites, like their modern cephalopod relatives, were probably carnivores, although some may have been passive planktivores. The carnivorous ammonites possesssed powerful jaws adapted for crushing prey, which included crustaceans, fish, clams, snails, and even other ammonites.
Reproduction and Growth
Ammonites, like their modern relatives the octopi and squids, hatched as tiny larvae in huge numbers and probably grew to maturity within a short span of time. Most adults were small, while those of some species were huge, reaching sizes greater than 6 feet (2 meters) in diameter. Aberrant ammonites that changed their shape during growth are thought to have changed their habitat as well.
Ammonite Sexes
Like modern cephalopods, ammonites showed distinct differences between sexes. Shells of female ammonites, known as macroconchs, are larger and possess little or no ornamentation. Males, known as microconchs, are smaller than females and commonly possess distinct ornamentation.
-------------------------------
Classification: Animalia, Mollusca, Cephalopoda, Ammonoidea, Ammonitina
Stratigraphy: Fox Hills Formation, Upper Cretaceous
Locality: unrecorded/undisclosed site in Meade County, western South Dakota, USA
Puna Pau, the pukao factory.
Puna Pau is a small extinct volcano, located about 7 kilometers northeast of Hanga Roa, whose name refers to a source or well of water that must have existed in its surroundings. This crater is part of a set of parasitic cones that emerged during the eruptions of Ma’unga Terevaka, the youngest and tallest volcano on Easter Island.
Inside the Puna Pau crater there is a red slag quarry that formerly constituted an important source of raw material for the islanders. Red slag or hani hani, as it is known in the Rapanui language, is a type of volcanic ash of great porosity and low hardness, which shows a reddish color due to the iron oxide present in its composition.
The characteristics of this soft and easy-to-carve material, which made it unusable for use in construction, were used to manufacture various types of objects, some very special. Among them are about twenty small statues, water containers, called taheta, ornamental-type blocks, and moai eyes.
Although there are other deposits of red slag on the island, the Puna Pau quarry was the most important of all, and is believed to be the origin of most of the known objects carved in Hani Hani. This relevance may possibly be due to the strong reddish color of its material, since in the Rapanui culture the color red is a symbolic color associated with sacred rites and mana or spiritual force.
Just as the southern slope of the Rano Raraku volcano was the origin of most of the island's statues, it is thought that a third of the Puna Pau crater was used for the manufacture of all the pukao. It is also believed that different work teams were formed in the quarry that competed to have their own production areas.
However, unlike Rano Raraku, it seems that Puna Pau was considered a secret and sacred place. Its hidden location from other parts of the island, an almost silent production, being carried out inside the crater, and an especially valued red color contributed to its isolation and mysticism.
Leahi, more popular known as Diamond Head, is an extinct volcano whose broad, saucer-shaped crater was formed during a single, explosive eruption more than 300,000 years ago. With its 760-foot-high peak, Diamond Head sits prominently near the eastern edge of Oahu's coastline. It is Hawaii’s most recognized landmark an encompasses Diamond Head State Monument. Diamond Head is a National Natural Landmark.
Jawbone of a Metridiochoerus hopwoodi, an extinct giant warthog that lived in Africa. On display in the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C.
Metridiochoerus hopwoodi lived from 3.6 million years ago to about 117,000 years ago. It was about five feet long, and looked like a warthog. (Modern warthogs are three to five feet long, depending on species.) They were omnivores, eating both plant and animal matter.
They were commonly hunted by the ancestors of human beings.
'Endangered and Extinct' by creative recycling artist Val Hunt, an exhibition at Gloucester Cathedral, Saturday 26 September-Sunday 1 November 2020 in the Cloisters
From the Cathedral's website:
"This exhibition presents a subtle message about recycling and preservation, raising awareness of why the creatures on show are endangered or extinct...
Having worked for the past 29 years as a professional maker, Val Hunt continues to be amazed at the versatility of creative recycling. There is an enormous variety of discarded material just waiting to be reconstructed and given a new identity, especially Val's favourite material of drinks can metal. Intricate constructions and interesting textures are key elements found in her work, humour is also an added ingredient whenever possible.
Through experimentation, ingenuity and skill her work is always changing as she discovers new techniques and ways of constructing recycled materials to signal a new meaning. Her works recycles a diverse selection of throwaway material, from these she creates a fascinating selection of large and small sculptural pieces which are both appealing and informative.
Despite her use of manufactured materials, her main inspiration comes from the natural world. Val has a special interest in endangered and extinct species and most of her work reflects this. She makes animals, exotic birds, dinosaurs, insects and species of flora all on the edge or now extinct.
The increasing awareness of the effects of pollution, climate change, plastic in the Ocean and environment destruction on the habitat have influenced Val's work. She now dedicates her making to highlighting the plight of species that are on the edge or gone forever in her touring educational exhibition 'Endangered and Extinct'...
Val's work has been shown in exhibitions around the UK, Denmark, Japan, United Emirates, USA and toured overseas with the British Council. She has work in many permanent collections."
CABALLO FÓSIL SUDAMERICANO ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Cavalo fóssil sulamericano - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Skull of Southamerican extinct Horse ...........................
†Hippidion (= †Hippidium)
Orden: Perissodactyla (Perisodáctilos) ... Familia: Equidae (Équidos)
Ejemplar que vivió hace 10.000 años en Luján,
provincia de Buenos Aires, ARGENTINA.
Hippidion es un género de equinos primitivos, endémico de América del Sur, encontrado desde el Plioceno tardío en sedimentos de la edad mamífero Uquiense, en la localidad de Uquía, Jujuy, Argentina.
Desciende de equinos que formaron parte del grupo de mamíferos invasores que ingresaron a la América del Sur sobre el final del Terciario, como consecuencia del levantamiento del istmo de Panamá, que generó la conexión entre ambas Américas a través de este "puente panameño", acontecimiento ocurrido aproximadamente unos 3 millones de años antesdel presente, y que unió definitivamente las faunas de América del Norte con las del Sur.
Se distingue por la retracción de la hendidura nasal hasta el nivel de M2 o posterior a M3.
Como resultado de esta retracción, el nasal se estrecha y se alarga formando una especie de estilete.
Esto afecta la conformación del cráneo donde, debido a la retracción de la hendidura nasal, los huesos nasales se proyectan libremente formando una visera o saliente pronunciada.
Por otra parte, es notable la conformación de las extremidades, proporcionalmente cortas y anchas, que le confieren al animal un aspecto macizo y robusto que el caballo doméstico.
Con un peso cercano a los 400 kilos.
Un gran número de sus restos se hallaron en sitios arqueológicos, y se corroboró su utilización como fuente de alimento, aunque este caballo primitivo no llegó a ser domesticado por los aborígenes.
Estos paleoindios convivieron con los équidos durante 4.000 años, cazándolos tan intensamente que las especies no soportaron semejante presión de captura y terminaron por extinguirse.
En la Argentina fueron abundantes, especialmente en las pampas, pero cubrieron casi todo el país y sus vecinos, habitando incluso en el altiplano andino o puneño, siendo encontrado en ambientes por sobre los 4.000 metros, por ejemplo en el Salar del Surire, en el sector altiplánico chileno.
El género †Hippidion está compuesto por tres especies:
Hippidion saldiasi Roth, 1899 (= Onohippidium saldiasi)
Es la especie más pequeña y robusta del género.
Estaba adaptada a condiciones ambientales extremas, vivió en épocas recientes (13.000 a 8.000 años antes del presente) en la Región Patagónica argentina, y sectores limítrofes del sur de Chile; y tal vez, también en la Puna jujeña.
Hippidion principale (Lund,1845)
Esta es la especie que caracteriza al género, descripta en base a restos encontrados el la localidad brasileña de Lagoa Santa.
Es la especie más grande del género.
Fue encontrado también en Tarija Bolivia (los mayores de la especie); en Buenos Aires Argentina; Chacabuco Chile; y en el departamento Artigas del Uruguay (los menores de la especie).
Entre las especies que han entrado en su sinonimia se encuentran: Hippidion chilensis, Hippidion bonaerense, y Onohippidium munizi.
Hippidion devillei (Gervais, 1855)
Es una especie de tamaño intermedio entre las otras dos.
Se distingue por la retracción de la escotadura nasal a nivel del mesostilo del M2.
El perfil es convexo, sin inflexión naso-frontal.
Fue encontrada primeramente en Tarija Bolivia; en la quebrada de Humahuaca Jujuy, y en Buenos Aires Argentina, con ejemplares algo distintos, y un poco mayores.
También se encontró en la localidad de Tirapata, en el Perú.
Entre las especies que han entrado en su sinonimia se encuentran: Hippidion bolivianum, Hypohippidion humahuaquense, Onohippidium devillei, y Onohippidium peruanum.
La provincia de Buenos Aires fue el hábitat de, por lo menos dos especies:
Hippidion principale ; vivia en el Lujanense (Pleistoceno tardío al Holoceno temprano), encontrado en: Lobería, Mercedes, Arroyo Seco, etc.
Hippidion devillei ; era un equino abundante en el Ensenadense (Pleistoceno temprano), encontrado en: Olivos, Puerto de La Plata, etc.
( 1 de febrero de 2010 )
Museo de Ciencias Naturales Bernardino Rivadavia,
ciudad de Buenos Aires, ARGENTINA.
◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘
fotografía fotografías foto fotos photo photos imaje imajes imágenes imagen imajenes imajen picture pictures , Fauna de Argentina , Fauna de la Argentina , Fauna argentina , Mamíferos de Argentina , Mamíferos de la Argentina , Mamíferos argentinos , Animales argentinos , Animales de Argentina , Animales de la Argentina , Mammals of Argentina , Argentina's mammals , Argentine mammals , Argentinian mammals , Argentine mammalians , Argentina´s animals , Argentine animals , Argentinian animals , Animals of Argentina , Pleistocene megafauna , Mammals of Pleistocene , Pleistocene mammals , Pleistocene mammalians , Pleistocene extinctions , Mamíferos del Pleistoceno , Mamíferos do Pleistoceno , Prehistoric mammals of South America , Animais pré-históricos , Extinct mammals , Extinct animals , Mammifère préhistorique , pampas sud-américaines , Prehistoric mammals of South America , Prehistoric mammals of Argentina , Argentina´s Prehistoric mammals , Argentinian , Argentine Prehistoric mammals , Animales extinguidos de Argentina , Animales extinguidos de la Argentina , Mamíferos extintos de Argentina , Especies extintas en la prehistoria , Quaternary Extinctions , Prehistoric sloths , Zahnarme , Ausgestorbenes Säugetier , Pelosi , Fósseis do Brasil , Fósseis brasileiros , Mammiferi fossili , Mammifère préhistorique , Luiaarden en miereneters , Uitgestorven zoogdier , Pleistoceen , Megafauna estinta , Cavalo Cavalos , Equini , Equidi , konji , lihoprsti kopitarji , 奇蹄目 , 马科 , കുടുംബം ,നിര, 奇蹄目 , ウマ科, Onevenhoevigen , Paardachtigen , Uddatåiga hovdjur , Hästdjur , Tek toynaklılar , Uparrettåede hovdyr , hestefamilien , Atgiller , Unpaarhufer , Perissodactylaren , Pferde , Koňovité , Nepárnokopytníky , Neporakanopiai , Arkliniai , Heste , équidé , équidés , Caballos de Argentina , Argentina´s horses , horses of Argentina , Argentinian Horses , Argentine Horses , Razas de Equinos , argentinischer , Animales argentinos , Animales de Argentina , Animales de la Argentina , Argentina´s animals , Argentine animals , Argentinian animals , Animals of Argentina , Horse breed , List of horse breeds , Horse breeding , Razas equinas , Razas de caballos , Raças de cavalo , Pferderasse , Razze equine , Race chevaline , Arklių veislių sąrašas , över hästraser , paardenrassen , hynsterassen , lófajták , Породи коне , Luettelo hevosroduista , Seznam plemen koní , 馬の品種の一覧 , 馬品種 , Prehistoric horses , Prehistoric mammals of South America , Argentine Pleistocene mammals , Pleistocene extinctions" "Megafauna of South America , Pampas Pleistocene Horses ,
ROMA ARCHEOLOGICA & RESTAURO ARCHITETTERA: ROMA METRO C - "ROME JOURNAL, Unearthed in Rome’s New Subway: Extinct Elephants and Persian Peach Pit - Next Stop, First Century, on a Subway Line Tunneling Through Eras." The New York Times (December 19, 2017), p. A11; & THE CBS EVENING NEWS | NEW YORK (17 JUNE 2017).
Foto: The excavation site of what will be the last stop along Rome’s new subway line, at the Forum. The stop was moved from its original location at Piazza Venezia after important artifacts were discovered. Credit Nadia Shira Cohen for The New York Times (December 19, 2017), p. A11.
ROME JOURNAL. Unearthed in Rome’s New Subway: Extinct Elephants and Persian Peach Pits. The New York Times (December 19, 2017).
ROME — The ancient Romans were celebrated for their engineering feats: roads that helped expand an empire; aqueducts that quenched throngs and supplied lavish fountains; monumental bridges, some of which are still in use today.
So it seems apt that a modern engineering achievement — the construction of a new subway line in the city — has given archaeologists a unique opportunity to study this ancient world in extraordinary detail.
“This subway has provided a wealth of knowledge about the city that no other operation could have duplicated,” said Rossella Rea, the archaeologist who has overseen the project since planning for the subway line began in the 1990s.
The new route, Line C, will link the city center to an area to the east of Rome, beyond the city limits, connecting a series of fairly recently developed and heavily populated suburbs. The hope is that the line, whose first 13 stations were opened in 2014, will alleviate some of Rome’s famously chronic traffic chaos.
In living cities, archaeologists typically get to muck around underground during the construction of parking lots, with digs up to 26 feet below ground. With its subway lines traveling at nearly 100 feet below ground, Line C has given archaeologists access to artifacts dating as far back as the Paleolithic era.
“We haven’t done anything so extensive or gone so deeply” for years, Ms. Rea said.
As tens of thousands of cubic meters of earth has been moved during the line’s decade-long construction, each unearthed artifact — marble capitals and mosaics, and even remains of long-ago leftover meals and the ruins of 19th-century villas — has been painstakingly documented, cataloged and extracted. Some will go on show once a proper exhibition space is found. Some more monumental finds will be recomposed to be admired in situ.
“We’ve found enough materials to fill a warehouse” in a Roman suburb where they are being studied, said Francesco Prosperetti, a special superintendent with archaeological oversight.
The excavations also turned up ancient structures.
A huge public building known as the Auditoria, dating to Hadrian’s time in the second century, came to light under the central Piazza Venezia during an exploratory phase. Archaeologists believe the two-story building was Rome’s first university, used for cultural events and lessons. Today the square is a busy crossroad for traffic and tourists.
Another significant find was a military barracks from the second century, found during the construction of the Amba Aradam station, which is expected to open in 2022. The dig exposed a long central corridor opening onto 39 rooms — some decorated with simple black and white mosaic floors and simply frescoed walls — which archaeologists hypothesize were soldiers’ dormitories. They formed part of a large structure, though the full size of the barracks is unknown.
Even as the excavation has led to several unexpected finds, archaeologists bristle at being blamed for the delays that have marred the subway line’s construction.
The project’s overall costs have come under criticism, and there are judicial investigations of some changes to the original project that led to delays in construction and raised the costs.
But with Rome’s ingrained traffic woes — according to one report, the city’s residents lose a collective 135 million hours a year in traffic — an extensive subway network is widely seen as a necessary goal.
At the San Giovanni station, which is expected to open early next year, archaeologists found bits of ancient capitals, decorative marble elements, petrified peach pits from ancient Persian cuttings and 16th-century terra-cotta plates from a nearby hospital.
Some of these artifacts have been put on exhibit at the station, the first to showcase its buried past with display cases, videos and tall panels providing a fast-track historical journey from prehistoric to modern times, with a focus on the ancient republican and imperial city.
“We wanted to give a sense of the archaeological study, tell the story of this place, allowing the passenger to travel through time,” Mr. Prosperetti said.
It’s a marked change from other stations in Rome’s subway system that are mostly devoid of ornamentation, when they aren’t outright grungy. Naples, by contrast, has been featuring renowned contemporary artists in its subway system to create what one critic described as a “catacomb of beauty.”
When the station was opened to the public for one day last April, the response was overwhelming, a sign that Romans are keen to rediscover their past. More people visited the station that day than the Colosseum, one of Rome’s biggest tourist draws. The difference was that whereas the Colosseum draws foreigners, “here they were all Italian,” said Ms. Rea, who was present on that day.
The wall decorations at San Giovanni also evoke some extinct denizens of the area, like the Elephas antiquus, the straight-tusked pachyderm that lived here during the Middle and Late Pleistocene. Remains of this extinct species were found during the disruptive construction of Via dei Fori Imperiali, the broad avenue through the Forums that Mussolini built in the 1930s.
Such discoveries, and their preservation, were not always the norm when Rome’s other two subway lines were built in the mid- and later 20th century. A certain amount of documentation exists from the Line B excavations, Ms. Rea noted, “but we don’t have anything from Line A.”
A glimpse of what may have been lost underground was captured by the imagination of the director Federico Fellini, whose 1972 film “Roma” includes a segment about the building of the subway in which roomfuls of frescoes disintegrate when they are exposed to air. Watching that fictitious scene was “traumatizing” for legions of archaeologists, said Simona Morretta, the state archaeologist responsible for two sites along the new subway line.
At one of the sites last December, Ms. Morretta came across tracts of one of Rome’s oldest aqueducts, which is now being studied. It is thought to be either the Aqua Appia from the end of the fourth century B.C. or the Anio Vetus from about four decades later. “In any case it’s one the first public works fundamental for Rome,” she said.
And while digging a shaft to protect the Aurelian Walls, between the San Giovanni and Amba Aradam stations, her team found a decorated domus — which Italian newspapers described as a “mini Pompeii” — that had been destroyed by a fire.
On a recent sunny morning she showed off a series of ceramic tiles found with a stamp indicating that they had been made in A.D. 123. “We’re certain to find something new,” she said.
Fonte | source:
-- "ROME JOURNAL, Unearthed in Rome’s New Subway: Extinct Elephants and Persian Peach Pit - Next Stop, First Century, on a Subway Line Tunneling Through Eras." The New York Times (December 19, 2017), p. A11.
www.nytimes.com/2017/12/18/world/europe/rome-subway-archa...
A version of this article appears in print on December 19, 2017, on Page A11 of the New York edition with the headline: "Next Stop, First Century, on a Subway Line Tunneling Through Eras."
---------------------------------
s.v.,
-- ROMA ARCHEOLOGIA e RESTAURO ARCHITETTURA: ROME - THE NEW SAN GIOVANNI METRO STATION - Rome's subway station is also museum filled with ancient history. THE CBS EVENING NEWS | NEW YORK (17 JUNE 2017) VIDEO. 03:03.
Animals. Augrabies Falls National Park. South Africa. Nov/2019
Zebra
Zebras are several species of African equids (horse family) united by their distinctive black and white striped coats. Their stripes come in different patterns, unique to each individual. They are generally social animals that live in small harems to large herds. Unlike their closest relatives, horses and donkeys, zebras have never been truly domesticated.
There are three species of zebras: the plains zebra, the mountain zebra and the Grévy's zebra. The plains zebra and the mountain zebra belong to the subgenus Hippotigris, but Grévy's zebra is the sole species of subgenus Dolichohippus. The latter resembles an ass, to which zebras are closely related, while the former two look more horse-like. All three belong to the genus Equus, along with other living equids.
The unique stripes of zebras make them one of the animals most familiar to people. They occur in a variety of habitats, such as grasslands, savannas, woodlands, thorny scrublands, mountains, and coastal hills. However, various anthropogenic factors have had a severe impact on zebra populations, in particular hunting for skins and habitat destruction. Grévy's zebra and the mountain zebra are endangered. While plains zebras are much more plentiful, one subspecies, the quagga, became extinct in the late 19th century – though there is currently a plan, called the Quagga Project, that aims to breed zebras that are phenotypically similar to the quagga in a process called breeding back.
Source: Wikipedia
Zebra
As zebras são mamíferos que pertencem à família dos cavalos, os equídeos, nativos da África central e do sul. A pelagem deste animal consiste num conjunto de listras contrastantes de cor, com o seu corpo todo branco e algumas listras pretas, dispostas na vertical, exceptuando nas patas, onde se encontram na horizontal. São geralmente animais sociais que vivem desde pequenos harém a grandes manadas. Ao contrário de seus parentes mais próximos, cavalos e burros, zebras nunca foram verdadeiramente domesticadas.
É nas savanas africanas onde as zebras habitam. Estes animais, por serem atacados habitualmente por leões, podem se tornar animais extremamente velozes, pois para fugirem dos predadores, utilizam a fuga e seus fortes coices, podendo quebrar até a mandíbula de um felino. As listras das zebras vão escurecendo com a idade, e estes animais, embora se pareçam, não são todos iguais.
Há três espécies de zebras: a zebra-da-planície, a zebra-de-grevy e a zebra-da-montanha. A zebra-das-planícies e a zebra-da-montanha pertencem ao subgénero Hippotigris, mas a zebra-de-grevy é a única espécie do subgénero Dolichohippus. Esta última se assemelha a um jumento, ao qual está intimamente relacionada, enquanto as duas anteriores são mais parecidas com cavalos.. Todas as três pertencem ao género Equus, junto com outros equídeos vivos.
Não se encontram à beira da extinção, embora a zebra-das-montanhas esteja ameaçada. A subespécie de zebra-das-planícies conhecida como cuaga(do inglês quagga, que designa o som que o animal produzia cuahaa), Equus quagga quagga, estava extinta, mas projetos de cruzamento entre zebras com coloração semelhante já recuperaram a espécie antes extinta, e o projeto liberou com sucesso vários exemplares na natureza.
As zebras são animais herbívoros, e se alimentas preferencialmente em pastagens da savana africana
Fonte: Wikipedia
Augrabies Falls National Park
Augrabies Falls National Park is a national park located around the Augrabies Falls, about 120 km west of Upington in the Northern Cape Province, South Africa. It was established in 1966.
The Augrabies Falls National Park covers an area of 820 km² and stretches along the Orange River. The area is very arid. The waterfall is about 60 metres high[4] and is awe-inspiring when the river is in flood. The gorge below the falls averages about 240 m deep and runs for 18 kilometres. The gorge provides an impressive example of erosion into a granitic basement.
The original Khoikhoi people named the waterfall Ankoerebis, meaning the "place of big noises".The Khoi and San communities within the greater national park inhabit domed huts called ‘matjiehuise’ (mat houses). The huts are ideal for both hot and cold climates. During hot temperatures the tree stems from which the mats are created shrink, which allows gaps to appear – creating a cooling ventilation system. The inverse occurs during cold climates, as the stems expand to keep the cold out. The Trekboers who later settled in the area derived the name Augrabies. The name is sometimes spelt Aughrabies. There are many deposits of alluvial diamonds along the Orange River and legend has it that the biggest cache of diamonds in the world lies in the swirl-hole eroded into the granite at the foot of the waterfall by the thundering waters
Source: Wilipedia
O Parque Nacional Augrabies
O Parque Nacional Augrabies está localizado em torno das Cataratas Augrabies, a cerca de 120 km a oeste de Upington, na província do Cabo Norte, na África do Sul. Foi criado em 1966.
O Parque Nacional das Augrabies Falls cobre uma área de 820 km² e se estende ao longo do rio Orange. A área é muito árida. A cachoeira tem cerca de 60 metros de altura e é inspiradora quando o rio está inundado. O desfiladeiro abaixo das quedas tem uma média de 240 m de profundidade e percorre 18 quilômetros. O desfiladeiro fornece um exemplo impressionante de erosão em um porão granítico.
O povo original Khoikhoi chamou a cachoeira Ankoerebis, que significa "lugar de grandes barulhos". As comunidades Khoi e San dentro do grande parque nacional habitam cabanas abobadadas chamadas "matjiehuise" (casas de esteira). As cabanas são ideais para climas quentes e frios. Durante as temperaturas quentes, a árvore provém do encolhimento dos seus colchões, o que permite que as lacunas apareçam - criando um sistema de ventilação. O inverso ocorre durante climas frios, à medida que as hastes se expandem para manter o frio do lado de fora.Os Trekboers que mais tarde se estabeleceram na área derivaram o nome Augrabies. O nome é escrito às vezes Aughrabies. Existem muitos depósitos de diamantes aluviais ao longo do rio Orange, e a lenda diz que o maior quantidade diamantes do mundo está no buraco do redemoinho erodido no granito ao pé da cachoeira.
Fonte: Wikipedia (tradução livre)
The Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus americanus) of Coney Island, Brooklyn, New York – This unique sea-dwelling rabbit, which is actually a close relative of the sea lion, was officially discovered and investigated by Henry Hudson when he first visited this land to colonize the area by order of the Dutch government. It was named New Amsterdam -- today’s New York City. This island was named after he saw the beach covered with strange swimming wild rabbits. The word “Coney Island” means “wild rabbit island” in Dutch (originally Conyne Eylandt, or Konijneneiland in modern Dutch spelling). Sea rabbits were also referred mermaid rabbit, merrabbit, rabbit fish or seal rabbit in the natural history documents in the 17th century. The current conservation status, or risk of extinction, of the sea rabbit is Extinct in the Wild.
This website features two species of sea rabbits, which have been taken care of by Dr. Takeshi Yamada (山田武司) at the Coney Island Sea Rabbit Repopulation Center, which is a part of the Marine biology department of the Coney Island University in Brooklyn, New York. They are – Coney Island Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus americanus) called “Seara” and Coney Island Tiger-striped Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus konjinicus) called “Stripes”.
The photographs and videos featured in this website chronicle adventures of the Coney Island sea rabbits and the world as seen by them. This article also documented efforts of Dr. Takeshi Yamada for bringing back the nearly extinct sea rabbits to Coney Island in the City of New York and beyond. Dr. Yamada produced a series of public lectures, workshops, original public live interactive fine art performances and fine art exhibitions about sea rabbits at a variety of occasions and institutions in the City of New York and beyond. Dr. Yamada is an internationally active educator, book author, wildlife conservationist and high profile artist, who lives and works in Brooklyn, New York.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sea Rabbit
Other Common Names: Coney Island Sea Rabbit, Beach Rabbit, Seal Rabbit, mer-rabbit, merrabbit, Atlantic Sea Rabbit.
Latin Name: Monafluffchus americanus
Origin: Atlantic coast of the United States
Description of the specimen: In the early 17th century’s European fur craze drove the fleet of Dutch ships to the eastern costal area of America. Then Holland was the center of the world just like the Italy was in the previous century. New York City was once called New Amsterdam when Dutch merchants landed and established colonies. Among them, Henry Hudson is probably the most recognized individual in the history of New York City today. “This small island is inhabited by two major creatures which we do not have in our homeland. The one creature is a large arthropod made of three body segments: the frontal segment resembles a horseshoe, the middle segment resembles a spiny crab and its tail resembles a sharp sword. Although they gather beaches here in great numbers, they are not edible due to their extremely offensive odor. Another creature which is abundant here, has the head of wild rabbit. This animal of great swimming ability has frontal legs resemble the webbed feet of a duck. The bottom half of the body resembles that of a seal. This docile rabbit of the sea is easy to catch as it does not fear people. The larger male sea rabbits control harems of 20 to 25 females. The meat of the sea rabbit is very tender and tasty.” This is what Hadson wrote in his personal journal in 1609 about the horseshoe crab and the sea rabbit in today’s Coney Island area of Brooklyn, New York. Sadly, just like the Dodo bird and the Thylacine, the sea rabbit was driven to extinction by the European settlers’ greed. When Dutch merchants and traders arrived here, sea rabbits were one of the first animals they hunted down to bring their furs to homeland to satisfy the fur craze of the time. To increase the shipment volume of furs of sea rabbit and beavers from New Amsterdam, Dutch merchants also started using wampum (beads made of special clam shells) as the first official currency of this country.
At the North Eastern shores of the United States, two species of sea rabbits were commonly found. They are Coney Island Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus americanus) and Coney Island Tiger-striped Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus konjinicus). Sadly, due to their over harvesting in the previous centuries, their conservation status became “Extinct in the Wild” (ET) in the Red List Endangered species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Currently, these sea rabbits are only found at breeding centers at selected zoos and universities such as Coney Island Aquarium and Coney Island University in Brooklyn, New York. The one shown in this photograph was named "Seara" and has been cared by Dr. Takeshi Yamada at Coney Island University.
The sea rabbit is one of the families of the Pinniped order. Pinnipeds (from Latin penna = flat and pes/pedis = foot) are sea-mammals: they are homeothermic (i.e having high and regulated inner temperature), lung-breathing (i.e dependant on atmospheric oxygen) animals having come back to semi aquatic life. As soon as they arrive ashore, females are caught by the nearest adult male. Males can maintain harems of about 20 females on average. Several hours to several days after arriving ashore, pregnant females give birth to eight to ten pups with a dark brown fur. As soon as birth occurs, the mother’s special smell and calls help her pups bond specifically to her. The mother stays ashore with her pup for about one week during which the pup gains weight. During the first week spent with her newborn, the mother becomes receptive. She will be impregnated by the bull, which control the harem. Implantation of the embryo will occur 3 months later, in March-April. During the reproductive period, the best males copulate with several tens females. To do so, males have to stay ashore without feeding in order to keep their territory and their harem. In mid-January, when the last females have been fecundated, males leave at sea to feed. Some of them will come back later in March-April for the moult. The other ones will stay at sea and will come back on Coney Island only in next November. After fecundation, the mother goes at sea for her first meal. At sea, mothers feed on clams, crabs, shrimps, fish (herring, anchovy, Pollock, capelin etc.) and squids. When she is back, the mother recovers her pups at the beach she left them. Suckling occurs after auditive and olfactory recognition had occured. In March-April, the dark brown fur is totally replaced by an adult-like light brownish grey fur during the moult that lasts 1-2 months. This new fur is composed by 2 layers. Externally, the guard fur is composed by flat hairs that recover themselves when wet. By doing so, they make a water-proof barrier for the under fur. The underfur retains air when the seal is dry. Because of isolating properties of the air, the underfur is the insulating system of the fur. In March-April, the fur of adults is partially replaced. First reproduction occurs at 1-yr old in females. Males are physiologically matures at 1 year old but socially matures at +2 years old.
NOTE: The name of Coney Island is commonly thought to be derived from the Dutch Konijn Eylandt or Rabbit Island as apparently the 17th century European settlers noted many rabbits running amuck on the island.
www.takeshiyamada.weebly.com/performances.html
www.takeshiyamada.weebly.com/sea-rabbit-center.html
===========================================
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit24/
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbits23/
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit22
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit021/
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit20
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit19
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit18
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit17
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit16
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit15
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit14
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit13
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit12
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit11
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit10
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit9
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit8
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit7
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit6
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit5
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit4
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit3
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit2
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit1
www.flickr.com/photos/diningwithsearabbits03
www.flickr.com/photos/diningwithsearabbits02
www.flickr.com/photos/diningwithsearabbits01
www.flickr.com/photos/yamadaimmortalized2/
www.flickr.com/photos/takeshiyamadaimmortalized/
www.flickr.com/photos/yamadabellhouse2014/
www.flickr.com/photos/museumofworldwonders3/
www.flickr.com/photos/museumofworldwonders2
www.flickr.com/photos/museumofworldwonders/
www.flickr.com/photos/takeshiyamadapaintings/
===========================================
For any questions, please email contact Takeshi Yamada, Art & Rogue Taxidermy, Museum of World Wonders, official website. www.takeshiyamada.weebly.com/
================================================
For any questions, please contact Dr. Takeshi Yamada via his official art website.
(Updated May 26, 2015)
When looking at the fossils to this species there seems to be many varieties. Varieties of shells within the phylum: Mollusca are very common. Of (†Harpagodes nodosus) being an odd one of it's family. as most within it are more like the spider conch's of the genus Harpago and the genus: Lambis of the family: Strombidae. Some of (†Harpagodes nodosus) fossils are bumpy on the shells body whorl while the some have fine lines. There's not much data on this species and only two drawings. I deem the many forms are stages of its life from juvenile, subadult, and adult. The one I've drawn is of what seems to be an adult, and based of the other two drawings I've found of it.
Scientific classification
Superdomain: Neomura
Domain: Eukaryota
(unranked): Unikonta
(unranked): Obazoa
(unranked): Opisthokonta
(unranked) Holozoa
(unranked) Filozoa
Kingdom: Animalia
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
(unranked): Bilateria
(unranked): Protostomia
Superphylum: Lophotrochozoa
Phylum: Mollusca
Subphylum: Conchifera
Class: Gastropoda
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Littorinimorpha
Superfamily: Stromboidea
Family: †Harpagodidae
Genus: †Harpagodes
Species: †H. nodosus
The Valley is covered with mineral deposits that mark the location of extinct fumaroles. Black staining around these spots typically reflect magnetite or hematite. White zones may be enriched in silica and clay minerals. Orange to yellow staining indicates minerals such as limonite, geothite, or sulfur. NPS photo by M. Fitz.
GLIPTODONTE (tubo caudal) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Prehistoric Glyptodont (tail tube) ..........................
Neosclerocalyptus sp.
Superorden: Xenarthra ... Orden: Cingulata ... Familia: Glyptodontidae
Neosclerocalyptus Paula Couto (= Hoplophorus = Sclerocalyptus) es un género Pleistocénico de Glyptodontidae Hoplophorini (= Sclerocalyptini) que incluye alrededor de una docena de especies, muchas de las cuales han sido reconocidos por criterios taxonómicos tipológico / morfológicos.
Cuatro especies se han descrito para el Ensenadense (del Pleistoceno temprano hasta principios del Pleistoceno medio) de la región pampeana de la Argentina.
Sin embargo sólo dos especies son válidas: Neosclerocalyptus pseudornatus y Neosclerocalyptus ornatus.
Una evidente sinapomorfía en Neosclerocalyptus es la notable neumatización y expansión lateral de los senos fronto-nasales, los cuales son bien evidentes en N. pseudornatus (alrededor de 1.07-0.98 Ma) y más aún en N. ornatus (alrededor de 0.98-0.40 Ma) .
Estas características, siempre interpretadas como una respuesta al clima frío y árido o semiárido del Pleistoceno, se manifiesta al máximo en taxones que habitaron desde el Pleistoceno Medio (Bonaerense) al Pleistoceno tardío (Lujanense).
Neosclerocalyptus era muy común en la región pampeana y el norte-centro de la Argentina, pero muy escaso o ausente en la Mesopotamia argentina, Uruguay, y sur del Brasil, áreas que fueron objeto de climas relativamente más húmedos y más cálidos durante la mayor parte del Pleistoceno.
Desde una perspectiva biogeográfica, ambas especies Ensenadenses se limitaban a la actual región pampeana .
N. pseudornatus fue registrado en "toscas" (capas superficiales de arcillas endurecidas) del Río de La Plata (en la ciudad de Buenos Aires y en Olivos), y en Mar del Plata (provincia de Buenos Aires); mientras que N. ornatus fue encontrado en Mar del Plata, y San Pedro ( la provincia de Buenos Aires), y Granadero Baigorria (provincia de Santa Fe).
Los Gliptodontes fueron grandes animales extinguidos, mucho mayores que el más grande de los armadillos modernos, con los cuales compartían el mismo orden, pero distinta familia, pues ambas estirpes se separaron hace más de 40 millones de años.
Originalmente se desarrollaron durante el Mioceno de América del Sur, que continuó siendo su centro de mayor diversidad de especies.
Cuando el istmo de Panamá se formó, alrededor de tres millones de años atrás, varias especies se extendieron hacia el norte como parte del gran intercambio americano, al igual que los armadillos.
La característica principal de los gliptodontes era la armadura de su cuerpo que recuerda al de una tortuga gigante, compuesto de segmentos de huesos llamados osteodermos o escudos.
Cada especie de gliptodonte tenía su propio patrón de osteodermos y cada tipo de caparazón.
Pero a diferencia de la mayoría de las tortugas, no podían esconder sus cabezas, por lo que desarrolló un casco óseo en la parte superior de su cráneo.
Incluso la cola tenía un anillo de huesos para su protección.
Doedicurus incluso poseía una gran maza en el extremo de la cola que se la utilizaba para luchar con otros Doedicurus y defenderse de sus depredadores.
Los Gliptodontes también tenía el tamaño de su lado, muchos como el género tipo Glyptodon, eran del tamaño de un Volkswagen Beetle (escarabajo).
En el momento en que evolucionaron, el principal depredador en la isla-continente de América del Sur fue el forusrácido (Phorusrhacidae) , que era un ave no voladora gigante y carnívora. Los gliptodontes eran herbívoros.
Al igual que muchos otros xenartros, no tenían incisivos o caninos, pero tenían una serie de muelas capaces de moler la dura vegetación. También tenían muy profundas mandíbulas, con grandes proyecciones óseas hacia abajo que anclaban poderosos músculos masticatorios.
Su peso oscilaba entre 1000 y 2000 kilos. Las especies de mayor tamaño superaron los 3 metros de largo y 1,2 metros de altura.
Tenían todas las vértebras soldadas, al igual que la cintura pélvica, por lo que su movilidad era reducida.
Los huesos de las extremidades eran cortos pero anchos.
Vivían en manadas, en lugares abiertos (no cavaban madrigueras).
Estas especies de gliptodóntidos vivían en sudamérica desde hace algunos millones de años atrás, desapareciendo completamente, junto con una enorme cantidad de géneros y especies de otros grandes mamíferos, hace unos 8.500 años, es decir, inicios del Holoceno, con claras evidencias de haber sido consumidos por los aborígenes.
Básicamente, se han propuesto tres explicaciones acerca de esta gigantesca extinción.
° La primera es que el hombre fue un factor decisivo en la desaparición de esas especies, al producir una "sobrematanza" muy intensa durante un corto período.
° La segunda es que la actividad de estas antiguas sociedades desencadenó en el medio ambiente modificaciones de una magnitud tal que las especies en cuestión no habrían podido superarlas (incendios, extinción de especies presas y las consecuencias que esos faltantes generaban en la vegetación, etc.).
° La última es que el papel de la intervención humana fue en este sentido el de un simple "golpe de gracia" , dentro de un proceso natural de reducciones poblacionales.
En el aspecto físico los gliptodontes recordaban a los Ankylosauridae (anquilosaurianos), una familia de dinosaurios que vivieron entre156 y 65 millones de años atrás; como así también a la Meiolania, un género extinto de tortugas que sobrevivieron los últimos ejemplares hasta hace solo 2.000 años en Nueva Caledonia; ambos son ejemplos de evolución convergente, en donde linajes independientes concluyen en formas similares.
( 1 de febrero de 2010 )
Museo de Ciencias Naturales Bernardino Rivadavia,
ciudad de Buenos Aires, ARGENTINA.
◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘◘
fotografía fotografías foto fotos photo photos imaje imajes imágenes imagen imajenes imajen picture pictures , Pansrade trögdjur , Gürteltiere , Bältdjur , Trögdjur , Páncélos vendégízületesek , Vendégízületesek , 犰狳科 , 貧齒目 , アリクイ目 , アルマジロ科 , Xenartri , Cingolati , mammiferos cingolatos , Gordeldieren , armadillos , quirquinchos , mulitas , tatues , tatús , Tatou , Mammifère Argentine , Faune endémique d'Amérique du Sud , Fauna de Argentina , Fauna de la Argentina , Fauna argentina , Mamíferos de Argentina , Mamíferos de la Argentina , Mamíferos argentinos , Animales argentinos , Animales de Argentina , Animales de la Argentina , Mammals of Argentina , Argentina's mammals , Argentine mammals , Argentinian mammals , Argentine mammalians , Argentina´s animals , Argentine animals , Argentinian animals , Animals of Argentina , Pleistocene megafauna , Mammals of Pleistocene , Pleistocene mammals , Pleistocene mammalians , Pleistocene extinctions , Mamíferos del Pleistoceno , Mamíferos do Pleistoceno , Prehistoric mammals of South America , Animais pré-históricos , Extinct mammals , Extinct animals , Mammifère préhistorique , pampas sud-américaines , Prehistoric mammals of South America , Prehistoric mammals of Argentina , Argentina´s Prehistoric mammals , Argentinian , Argentine Prehistoric mammals , Animales extinguidos de Argentina , Animales extinguidos de la Argentina , Mamíferos extintos de Argentina , Especies extintas en la prehistoria , Quaternary Extinctions , Prehistoric sloths , Zahnarme , Ausgestorbenes Säugetier , Pelosi , Mammiferi fossili , Mammifère préhistorique , Glyptodonten , Gepanzerte Nebengelenktiere , glittodontidi , gliptodontidi , Gordeldieren , Glyptodonfélék , Gliptodòntid , chudozubí , Gliptodòntids ,Gliptodonty , Глиптодонттар , Глиптодонты , 雕齒獸科 ,
[EXTINCT as of 2013-04-06]
Sign
Century Realty
7462 W Belmont Ave
Chicago, IL
Two-for-one: As you can see, this is right next to Window Wonderland
Componentes da Usina Anna Florência, em Ponte Nova (MG), desativada na década de 90 do Século passado. A Usina foi fundada em 1883, iniciou a produção de açúcar em 1885.. Sendo uma das mais antigas de MInas Gerais.
My sister made these earrings and I did the painting as a backdrop - for a postcard. Apparently, these shells are only found in Manus Island, Papua New Guinea, and they are nearly extinct.
The Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus americanus) of Coney Island, Brooklyn, New York – This unique sea-dwelling rabbit, which is actually a close relative of the sea lion, was officially discovered and investigated by Henry Hudson when he first visited this land to colonize the area by order of the Dutch government. It was named New Amsterdam -- today’s New York City. This island was named after he saw the beach covered with strange swimming wild rabbits. The word “Coney Island” means “wild rabbit island” in Dutch (originally Conyne Eylandt, or Konijneneiland in modern Dutch spelling). Sea rabbits were also referred mermaid rabbit, merrabbit, rabbit fish or seal rabbit in the natural history documents in the 17th century. The current conservation status, or risk of extinction, of the sea rabbit is Extinct in the Wild.
This website features two species of sea rabbits, which have been taken care of by Dr. Takeshi Yamada (山田武司) at the Coney Island Sea Rabbit Repopulation Center, which is a part of the Marine biology department of the Coney Island University in Brooklyn, New York. They are – Coney Island Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus americanus) called “Seara” and Coney Island Tiger-striped Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus konjinicus) called “Stripes”.
The photographs and videos featured in this website chronicle adventures of the Coney Island sea rabbits and the world as seen by them. This article also documented efforts of Dr. Takeshi Yamada for bringing back the nearly extinct sea rabbits to Coney Island in the City of New York and beyond. Dr. Yamada produced a series of public lectures, workshops, original public live interactive fine art performances and fine art exhibitions about sea rabbits at a variety of occasions and institutions in the City of New York and beyond. Dr. Yamada is an internationally active educator, book author, wildlife conservationist and high profile artist, who lives and works in Brooklyn, New York.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sea Rabbit
Other Common Names: Coney Island Sea Rabbit, Beach Rabbit, Seal Rabbit, mer-rabbit, merrabbit, Atlantic Sea Rabbit.
Latin Name: Monafluffchus americanus
Origin: Atlantic coast of the United States
Description of the specimen: In the early 17th century’s European fur craze drove the fleet of Dutch ships to the eastern costal area of America. Then Holland was the center of the world just like the Italy was in the previous century. New York City was once called New Amsterdam when Dutch merchants landed and established colonies. Among them, Henry Hudson is probably the most recognized individual in the history of New York City today. “This small island is inhabited by two major creatures which we do not have in our homeland. The one creature is a large arthropod made of three body segments: the frontal segment resembles a horseshoe, the middle segment resembles a spiny crab and its tail resembles a sharp sword. Although they gather beaches here in great numbers, they are not edible due to their extremely offensive odor. Another creature which is abundant here, has the head of wild rabbit. This animal of great swimming ability has frontal legs resemble the webbed feet of a duck. The bottom half of the body resembles that of a seal. This docile rabbit of the sea is easy to catch as it does not fear people. The larger male sea rabbits control harems of 20 to 25 females. The meat of the sea rabbit is very tender and tasty.” This is what Hadson wrote in his personal journal in 1609 about the horseshoe crab and the sea rabbit in today’s Coney Island area of Brooklyn, New York. Sadly, just like the Dodo bird and the Thylacine, the sea rabbit was driven to extinction by the European settlers’ greed. When Dutch merchants and traders arrived here, sea rabbits were one of the first animals they hunted down to bring their furs to homeland to satisfy the fur craze of the time. To increase the shipment volume of furs of sea rabbit and beavers from New Amsterdam, Dutch merchants also started using wampum (beads made of special clam shells) as the first official currency of this country.
At the North Eastern shores of the United States, two species of sea rabbits were commonly found. They are Coney Island Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus americanus) and Coney Island Tiger-striped Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus konjinicus). Sadly, due to their over harvesting in the previous centuries, their conservation status became “Extinct in the Wild” (ET) in the Red List Endangered species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Currently, these sea rabbits are only found at breeding centers at selected zoos and universities such as Coney Island Aquarium and Coney Island University in Brooklyn, New York. The one shown in this photograph was named "Seara" and has been cared by Dr. Takeshi Yamada at Coney Island University.
The sea rabbit is one of the families of the Pinniped order. Pinnipeds (from Latin penna = flat and pes/pedis = foot) are sea-mammals: they are homeothermic (i.e having high and regulated inner temperature), lung-breathing (i.e dependant on atmospheric oxygen) animals having come back to semi aquatic life. As soon as they arrive ashore, females are caught by the nearest adult male. Males can maintain harems of about 20 females on average. Several hours to several days after arriving ashore, pregnant females give birth to eight to ten pups with a dark brown fur. As soon as birth occurs, the mother’s special smell and calls help her pups bond specifically to her. The mother stays ashore with her pup for about one week during which the pup gains weight. During the first week spent with her newborn, the mother becomes receptive. She will be impregnated by the bull, which control the harem. Implantation of the embryo will occur 3 months later, in March-April. During the reproductive period, the best males copulate with several tens females. To do so, males have to stay ashore without feeding in order to keep their territory and their harem. In mid-January, when the last females have been fecundated, males leave at sea to feed. Some of them will come back later in March-April for the moult. The other ones will stay at sea and will come back on Coney Island only in next November. After fecundation, the mother goes at sea for her first meal. At sea, mothers feed on clams, crabs, shrimps, fish (herring, anchovy, Pollock, capelin etc.) and squids. When she is back, the mother recovers her pups at the beach she left them. Suckling occurs after auditive and olfactory recognition had occured. In March-April, the dark brown fur is totally replaced by an adult-like light brownish grey fur during the moult that lasts 1-2 months. This new fur is composed by 2 layers. Externally, the guard fur is composed by flat hairs that recover themselves when wet. By doing so, they make a water-proof barrier for the under fur. The underfur retains air when the seal is dry. Because of isolating properties of the air, the underfur is the insulating system of the fur. In March-April, the fur of adults is partially replaced. First reproduction occurs at 1-yr old in females. Males are physiologically matures at 1 year old but socially matures at +2 years old.
NOTE: The name of Coney Island is commonly thought to be derived from the Dutch Konijn Eylandt or Rabbit Island as apparently the 17th century European settlers noted many rabbits running amuck on the island.
www.takeshiyamada.weebly.com/performances.html
www.takeshiyamada.weebly.com/sea-rabbit-center.html
===========================================
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit24/
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbits23/
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit22
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit021/
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit20
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit19
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit18
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit17
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit16
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit15
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit14
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit13
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit12
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit11
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit10
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit9
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit8
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit7
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit6
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit5
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit4
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit3
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit2
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit1
www.flickr.com/photos/diningwithsearabbits03
www.flickr.com/photos/diningwithsearabbits02
www.flickr.com/photos/diningwithsearabbits01
www.flickr.com/photos/yamadaimmortalized2/
www.flickr.com/photos/takeshiyamadaimmortalized/
www.flickr.com/photos/yamadabellhouse2014/
www.flickr.com/photos/museumofworldwonders3/
www.flickr.com/photos/museumofworldwonders2
www.flickr.com/photos/museumofworldwonders/
www.flickr.com/photos/takeshiyamadapaintings/
===========================================
For any questions, please email contact Takeshi Yamada, Art & Rogue Taxidermy, Museum of World Wonders, official website. www.takeshiyamada.weebly.com/
================================================
For any questions, please contact Dr. Takeshi Yamada via his official art website.
(Updated May 26, 2015)
The night falls down the Nizhnie Zhary village that is the most southern locality of Belarus. Also the night comes to the village metaphorically, too. In the Soviet time the river port used to transport cargo between Belarus and Ukraine was here. That time up to 2000 people lived in the village. But now only near 70 persons live here constantly and this number decreases.
'Endangered and Extinct' by creative recycling artist Val Hunt, an exhibition at Gloucester Cathedral, Saturday 26 September-Sunday 1 November 2020 in the Cloisters
From the Cathedral's website:
"This exhibition presents a subtle message about recycling and preservation, raising awareness of why the creatures on show are endangered or extinct...
Having worked for the past 29 years as a professional maker, Val Hunt continues to be amazed at the versatility of creative recycling. There is an enormous variety of discarded material just waiting to be reconstructed and given a new identity, especially Val's favourite material of drinks can metal. Intricate constructions and interesting textures are key elements found in her work, humour is also an added ingredient whenever possible.
Through experimentation, ingenuity and skill her work is always changing as she discovers new techniques and ways of constructing recycled materials to signal a new meaning. Her works recycles a diverse selection of throwaway material, from these she creates a fascinating selection of large and small sculptural pieces which are both appealing and informative.
Despite her use of manufactured materials, her main inspiration comes from the natural world. Val has a special interest in endangered and extinct species and most of her work reflects this. She makes animals, exotic birds, dinosaurs, insects and species of flora all on the edge or now extinct.
The increasing awareness of the effects of pollution, climate change, plastic in the Ocean and environment destruction on the habitat have influenced Val's work. She now dedicates her making to highlighting the plight of species that are on the edge or gone forever in her touring educational exhibition 'Endangered and Extinct'...
Val's work has been shown in exhibitions around the UK, Denmark, Japan, United Emirates, USA and toured overseas with the British Council. She has work in many permanent collections."
BIG 5. Elephant. Madikwe Game Reserve. South Africa. Nov/2020
Elephant
Elephants are large mammals of the family Elephantidae and the order Proboscidea. Three species are currently recognised: the African bush elephant (Loxodonta africana), the African forest elephant (L. cyclotis), and the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus). Elephants are scattered throughout sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, and Southeast Asia. Elephantidae is the only surviving family of the order Proboscidea; other, now extinct, members of the order include deinotheres, gomphotheres, mammoths, and mastodons.
All elephants have several distinctive features, the most notable of which is a long trunk (also called a proboscis), used for many purposes, particularly breathing, lifting water, and grasping objects. Their incisors grow into tusks, which can serve as weapons and as tools for moving objects and digging. Elephants' large ear flaps help to control their body temperature. Their pillar-like legs can carry their great weight. African elephants have larger ears and concave backs while Asian elephants have smaller ears and convex or level backs.
Elephants are herbivorous and can be found in different habitats including savannahs, forests, deserts, and marshes. They prefer to stay near water. They are considered to be a keystone species due to their impact on their environments. Other animals tend to keep their distance from elephants while predators, such as lions, tigers, hyenas, and any wild dogs, usually target only young elephants (or "calves"). Elephants have a fission–fusion society in which multiple family groups come together to socialise. Females ("cows") tend to live in family groups, which can consist of one female with her calves or several related females with offspring. The groups are led by an individual known as the matriarch, often the oldest cow.
Males ("bulls") leave their family groups when they reach puberty and may live alone or with other males. Adult bulls mostly interact with family groups when looking for a mate and enter a state of increased testosterone and aggression known as musth, which helps them gain dominance and reproductive success. Calves are the centre of attention in their family groups and rely on their mothers for as long as three years. Elephants can live up to 70 years in the wild. They communicate by touch, sight, smell, and sound; elephants use infrasound, and seismic communication over long distances. Elephant intelligence has been compared with that of primates and cetaceans. They appear to have self-awareness and show empathyfor dying or dead individuals of their kind.
Source: Wikipedia
Elefante
Os elefantes são animais herbívoros, alimentando-se de ervas, gramíneas, frutas e folhas de árvores. Dado o seu tamanho, um elefante adulto pode ingerir entre 70 a 150 kg de alimentos por dia. As fêmeas vivem em manadas de 10 a 15 animais, lideradas por uma matriarca, compostas por várias reprodutoras e crias de variadas idades. O período de gestação das fêmeas é longo (20 a 22 meses), assim como o desenvolvimento do animal que leva anos a atingir a idade adulta. Os filhotes podem nascer com 90 kg. Os machos adolescentes tendem a viver em pequenos bandos e os machos adultos isolados, encontrando-se com as fêmeas apenas no período reprodutivo.
Devido ao seu porte, os elefantes têm poucos predadores. Exercem uma forte influência sobre as savanas, pois mantêm árvores e arbustos sob controle, permitindo que pastagens dominem o ambiente. Eles vivem cerca de 60 anos e morrem quando seus molares caem, impedindo que se alimentem de plantas.
Os elefantes-africanos são maiores que as variedades asiáticas e têm orelhas mais desenvolvidas, uma adaptação que permite libertar calor em condições de altas temperaturas. Outra diferença importante é a ausência de presas de marfim nas fêmeas dos elefantes asiáticos.
Durante a época de acasalamento, o aumento da produção de testosterona deixa os elefantes extremamente agressivos, fazendo-os atacar até humanos. Acidentes com elefantes utilizados em rituais geralmente são causados por esse motivo. Cerca de 400 humanos são mortos por elefantes a cada ano.
Elefante é o termo genérico e popular pelo qual são denominados os membros da família Elephantidae, um grupo de mamíferos proboscídeoselefantídeos, de grande porte, do qual há três espécies no mundo atual, duas africanas (Loxodonta sp.) e uma asiática (Elephas sp.). Há ainda os mamutes (Mammuthus sp.), hoje extintos. Até recentemente, acreditava-se que havia apenas duas espécies vivas de elefantes, o elefante-africano e o elefante-asiático, uma espécie menor. Entretanto, estudos recentes de DNA sugerem que havia, na verdade, duas espécies de elefante-africano: Loxodonta africana, da savana, e Loxodonta cyclotis, que vive nas florestas. Os elefantes são os maiores animais terrestres da actualidade, com a massa entre 4 a 6 toneladas e medindo em média quatro metros de altura, podem levantar até 10.000 kg. As suas características mais distintivas são as presas de marfim
Fonte: Wikipedia
Madikwe Game Reserve
The Madikwe Game Reserve is a protected area in South Africa, part of the latest park developments in the country. Named after the Madikwe or Marico River, on whose basin it is located, it was opened in 1991 and comprises 750 km2 of bushland north of the small town Groot-Marico up to the Botswana border.
Madikwe Game Reserve lies 90 km north of Zeerust on what used to be farm land, but owing to the poor soil type, farming was not that successful. After extensive research, the South African Government found that this land would best be utilised as a provincial park, to economically uplift this otherwise rather poor area.
The process reintroducing wildlife to the area began in 1992 under the codename Operation Phoenix which relocated entire breeding herds of elephants, Cape buffaloes, south-central black rhinos and southern white rhinos along with various species of antelopes. Following Operation Phoenix, Madikwe has also successfully reintroduce rarer predatory species such as lions, cheetahs, spotted hyenas and Cape wild dogs bringing the total large mammal population of the reserve to over 10 000. There are currently more than 60 species of mammal in the park.
Source: Wikipedia
Reserva do Madikwe
A Madikwe Game Reserve é uma área protegida na África do Sul, parte dos mais recentes desenvolvimentos de parques no país. Batizado em homenagem ao rio Madikwe ou Marico, em cuja bacia está localizado, foi inaugurado em 1991 e compreende 750 km2 de mata nativa ao norte da pequena cidade de Groot-Marico até a fronteira com o Botswana.
A Madikwe Game Reserve fica 90 km ao norte de Zeerust, no que costumava ser terras agrícolas, mas devido ao tipo de solo pobre, a agricultura não teve tanto sucesso. Após uma extensa pesquisa, o governo sul-africano descobriu que esta terra seria melhor utilizada como um parque provincial, para elevar economicamente esta área bastante pobre.
O processo de reintrodução da vida selvagem na área começou em 1992 sob o codinome Operação Fênix, que realocou rebanhos inteiros de elefantes, búfalos do Cabo, rinocerontes-negros do centro-sul e rinocerontes brancos do sul junto com várias espécies de antílopes. Após a Operação Phoenix, Madikwe também reintroduziu com sucesso espécies predatórias mais raras, como leões, chitas, hienas-pintadas e cahorros do mato, elevando a população total de grandes mamíferos da reserva para mais de 10.000. Atualmente, existem mais de 60 espécies de mamíferos no parque
Fonte: Wikipedia (traduçao livre)
Impodimo Game Lodge
Impodimo Game Lodge is set on a rocky ridge overlooking the vistas within the magnificent malaria-free Madikwe Game Reserve of the North West Province of South Africa. The air-conditioned suites at Impodimo Game Lodge are decorated in neutral tones and offer a fireplace and private bathroom with additional outdoor shower.
Our passion has always been to bring the most amazing experiences to our guests and with that in mind the Elephant Hide was born. Merging ultra luxury with incredible game viewing right on your doorstep.
Our guests get to enjoy a fully stocked bar, Italian coffee and air-conditioned comfort whilst they soak up the wildlife just meters away. It is the perfect spot to watch wildlife, big and small, up close with minimum disturbance to their natural behaviour. The hide is a photographers dream, offering an excellent vantage point in complete comfort and safety to get that award-winning shot or just to marvel at the unfolding drama of the waterhole
Source: Impodimo Game Lodge website
Impodimo Game Lodge
O Impodimo Game Lodge está situado em uma crista rochosa com vista para a magnífica Reserva Madikwe, livre de malária, na Província Noroeste da África do Sul. As suítes com ar-condicionado do Impodimo Game Lodge são decoradas em tons neutros e oferecem lareira e banheiro privativo com chuveiro adicional ao ar livre.
Nossa paixão sempre foi levar as experiências mais incríveis aos nossos hóspedes e foi pensando nisso que nasceu o Esconderijo de Elefante. Combinando ultra luxo com incrível visualização de animais bem na sua porta.
Nossos hóspedes podem desfrutar de um bar totalmente abastecido, café italiano e conforto do ar-condicionado, enquanto absorvem a vida selvagem a poucos metros de distância. É o local perfeito para observar animais selvagens, grandes e pequenos, de perto com o mínimo de perturbação ao seu comportamento natural. O hide é o sonho dos fotógrafos, oferecendo um excelente ponto de vista com total conforto e segurança para obter aquela foto premiada ou simplesmente para se maravilhar com o drama que se desenrola no poço
Source: Impodimo Game Lodge website (tradução livre)
Rhino. Rinoceronte. Pilanesberg Game Reserve. South Africa. Aug/2019
A rhinoceros, commonly abbreviated to 'rhino', is one of any five extant species of odd-toed ungulates in the family Rhinocerotidae, as well as any of the numerous extinct species. Two of the extant species are native to Africa and three to Southern Asia. The term "rhinoceros" is often more broadly applied to now extinct relatives of the superfamily Rhinocerotoidea.
Members of the rhinoceros family are some of the largest remaining megafauna, with all species able to reach or exceed one tonne in weight. They have a herbivorous diet, small brains (400–600 g) for mammals of their size, one or two horns, and a thick (1.5–5 cm) protective skin formed from layers of collagen positioned in a lattice structure. They generally eat leafy material, although their ability to ferment food in their hindgut allows them to subsist on more fibrous plant matter when necessary. Unlike other perissodactyls, the two African species of rhinoceros lack teeth at the front of their mouths, relying instead on their lips to pluck food.[1]
Rhinoceros are killed by some humans for their horns, which are bought and sold on the black market, and used by some cultures for ornaments or traditional medicine. East Asia, specifically Vietnam, is the largest market for rhino horns. By weight, rhino horns cost as much as gold on the black market. People grind up the horns and consume them, believing the dust has therapeutic properties. The horns are made of keratin, the same type of protein that makes up hair and fingernails. Both African species and the Sumatran rhinoceros have two horns, while the Indian and Javan rhinoceros have a single horn. The IUCN Red List identifies the Black, Javan, and Sumatran rhinoceros as critically endangered
The black rhinoceros or hook-lipped rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) is a species of rhinoceros, native to eastern and southern Africa including Botswana, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Although the rhinoceros is referred to as black, its colors vary from brown to grey.
The other African rhinoceros is the white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum). The word "white" in the name "white rhinoceros" is often said to be a misinterpretation of the Afrikaans word wyd (Dutch wijd) meaning wide, referring to its square upper lip, as opposed to the pointed or hooked lip of the black rhinoceros. These species are now sometimes referred to as the square-lipped (for white) or hook-lipped (for black) rhinoceros.[5]
The species overall is classified as critically endangered (even though the South-western black rhinoceros is classified as vulnerable). Three subspecies have been declared extinct, including the western black rhinoceros, which was declared extinct by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) in 2011
Source: Wikipedia
Os rinocerontes são cocomamíferos perissodáctilos (ungulados de dedos ímpares) da família Rhinocerontidae, que ocorrem na África e na Ásia. Atualmente, existem cinco espécies distribuídas em quatro gêneros. Duas ocorrem na África, o rinoceronte-branco (Ceratotherium simum) e o rinoceronte-negro (Diceros bicornis); e três ocorrem na Ásia, o rinoceronte-de-sumatra (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis), o rinoceronte-de-java (Rhinoceros sondaicus) e o rinoceronte-indiano (Rhinoceros unicornis).
Vivem geralmente isolados, em savanas ou florestas onde possam encontrar água diariamente. São especialmente protegidos na África, por fazerem parte do grupo dos cinco grandes mamíferos selvagens de grande porte mais difíceis de serem caçados pelo homem, sendo então uma das grandes atrações turísticas do continente. Contudo, a caça furtiva continua afetando as populações de rinocerontes.
O rinoceronte-negro (nome científico: Diceros bicornis) é uma espécie de rinoceronte, nativa do leste, sul e centro da África, incluindo o Quênia, Tanzânia, Camarões, África do Sul, Namíbia, Zimbábue e Angola. Embora referido como "negro", sua cor varia do marrom ao cinza.
O outro rinoceronte africano é o rinoceronte-branco (Ceratotherium simum). A palavra "branco" no nome é frequentemente dita como um erro na tradução da palavra africâner wyd, que significa largo, referindo-se ao lábio superior em forma de quadrado, em oposição ao lábio pontudo do rinoceronte-negro.[3]
A espécie é classifica como criticamente em perigo, mas três subespécies já foram declaradas extintas, como declarado pela IUCN em 2011
Fonte: Wikipedia