View allAll Photos Tagged explain
Heritage Weekend is more than just the Saturday. In fact its more than one weekend. And the website for the weekend listed many intersting places to go, but few in east Kent on the Sunday, but St Margaret's being open was one of them.
So, after we had left St Mildred in Canterbury, we drove up the M2, and then through the usual strip malls and urban spread that is the Medway Towns.
The sat nav took us down narrow streets, across a main road, and up a slight hill, and announced we had arrived.
Nothing churchy leaped out at me.
I thought maybe down the narrow lane in front. It was then I saw the wall.
The wall looked chuchy. And beyond was an early 19th century building that had heritage bunting strung out.
Bingo.
The first view had the tower hidden by a tree, I thought perhaps it didn't have one.
But nearer to the church I could see it did have a tower, an a medieval one at that, it looked like an unhappy coupling.
I was given a very warm welcome, and the history of the church was explained:
the original church was in a ruinous state at the start of the 19th century, and when Army and Naval officers began to have houses built in the area, they wanted a nice fashionable church.
So the nave and chancel were taken down, and the current nave put in its place.
Built before the English Gothic fervour took hold.
The east and west windows have been replaced since the church was built.
------------------------------------------
THE PARISH OF ST. MARGARET is of large extent, and contains all the lands without the walls on the south side of the city, that are within the bounds of its jurisdiction. It is stiled in some records, St. Margaret's in Suthgate, (fn. 22) and in those of the city, the Borough of Suthgate. (fn. 23)
There are two streets of houses in this parish, the one called St. Margaret's-street, leading from Bully-hill to the church, and so on to Borstall and Woldham southward; the other at some distance from it called St. Margaret's-bank, being a long row of houses, situated on a high bank at the north-east boundary of the parish, on the south side of the great London road to Dover, between St. Catherine's hospital in Rochester, and the Victualling-office, in Chatham. These houses are within the manor of Larkhill.
THERE are SEVERAL MANORS within the bounds of this parish, the most eminent of which is that of
BORSTALL, which was given to the church of Rochester and bishop Beornmod, in the year 811, by Cænulf, king of Mercia, as three plough lands.
This manor seems to have continued part of the possessions of the church of Rochester, without any interruption, till the time of the conquest. It is thus described in the general survey of Domesday, taken in the year 1080, under the general title of Terra Epi Rovecestre, i. e. the lands of the bishop of Rochester.
In the hundred of Rochester, the same bishop (of Rochester) holds Borchetelle. In the time of king Edward the Confessor it was taxed at two sulings, and now for one suling and an half. The arable land is four carucates. In demesne there are two carucates, and six villeins with three carucates. There are 50 acres of meadow, and two mills of 20 shillings. In the time of king Edward, and afterwards, it was worth six pounds, and now 10 pounds.
In Rochester the bishop had, and yet has, 24 plats of ground, which belong to Frindsbury and Borstal, his own manors. In the time of king Edward the Confessor, and afterwards, they were worth three pounds, now they are worth eight pounds, and yet they yield yearly 11 pounds and 13 shillings and four-pence.
When bishop Gundulph was elected to this see in the time of the Conqueror, and after the example of his patron, archbishop Lanfranc, separated his own revenues from those of his convent, this manor in the division was allotted to the bishop and his successors.
On a taxation of the bishop of Rochester's manors, in 1255, it appears that the bishop had in the manor of Borstalle one hundred and forty acres of arable, estimated each acre at 4d. forty acres of salt meadow at 8d. each, and fourteen acres of salt pasture, each at 6d. which, with the rents of assise, made the total value of the whole manor 9l. 10s. 3d. the repair of the buildings yearly amounting to twenty shillings. (fn. 24)
This manor still continues in the possession of the bishop of Rochester; but the demesne lands are leased out by him to Mrs. Vade, of Croydon, in Surry.
By the agreement made between John Lowe, bishop of Rochester, and the bailiff and citizens of Rochester, in the 27th year of king Henry VI. concerning the limits of the jurisdiction of the city, according to the charter then lately made to them, this borough and manor of Borstall was declared to be exempt from the precinct of the hundred of Rochester, and the law-day of it, and from all payments, fines, suits forfeitures and amerciaments due on that account, as being within the liberty of the bishop, and his church. (fn. 25)
The monks of Rochester priory had several grants of TYTHES, and other premises made to them within this manor and hamlet.
Robert Ernulf and Eadric de Borstalle, gave the tithes of their lands in Borstalle to the priory, which were confirmed to it by several bishops of Rochester, and others (fn. 26) In which confirmations they are described, as the whole tithe of Borstalle of corn, and two parts of the tithes of the land of Ralph de Borstalle. (fn. 27) Eadric de Hescenden, with his wife and two sons, entered into the society of the monks of this priory, upon condition, that when they died, the monks should say a service for them, as for their brethren; and the monks were to have for ever the tithes of their lands in Borestealle and Freondesberie, but in corn only.
Several parcels of land, &c. lying within the manor or hamlet of Borstall, were likewise at times given to these monks. All these premises continued part of the possessions of the priory till the dissolution of it, in 1549, when they were surrendered into the king's hands, and were settled by him, three years afterwards, on his new founded dean and chapter of Rochester, where they remain at present.
This manor, with others in this neighbourhood, was bound antiently to contribute to the repair of the first pier of Rochester-bridge.
NASHENDEN is a manor in this parish, which lies about three-quarters of a mile south-eastward from Borstall. In the Textus Roffensis it is called Hescenden, and in Domesday, Essedene.
This manor was part of those vast possessions, with which William the Conqueror enriched his half-brother Odo, the great bishop of Baieux; accordingly it is thus entered, under the title of that prelate's lands, in the general survey of Domesday:
Rannulf de Columbels holds of the bishop (of Baieux) Essedene. It was taxed at one suling. The arable land is . . . . In demesne there is one carucate, and 19 villeins, with three borderers having three carucates. There are three servants, and 8 acres of meadow. In the time of king Edward the Confessor, it was worth three pounds, when he received it four pounds, now five pounds. Earl Leuuin held it.
It appears by the red book of the exchequer, that this estate in the reign of king Henry II. was held by Thomas de Nessingden, of Daniel de Crevequer, as one knight's fee of the old feoffment.
In the reign of king Edward I. this manor was become the property of Jeffry Haspale, whose descendant, John de Aspale, for so the name was then spelt, died possessed of Nashenden in the 31st year of that reign, holding it of the king in capite. After which it appears to have come into the name of Basing, and from thence quickly after into that of Charles.
Richard Charles, as appears by the inquisition taken after his death, anno 1 Richard II. died possessed of the manor of Naseden, which he held of the king in capite by knight's service, excepting forty acres of pasture and wood, which he held of the lord Grey, as of his manor of Aylesford; whose nephew, Richard, son of his brother Roger Charles, died possessed of it in the 11th year of that reign, holding it of the king in capite, as of his honor of Peverel and Hagenet, by knight's service.
Nicholas Haut afterwards possessed this manor, in right of his wife Alice, who was a descendant of the above-mentioned family. She held it for the term of her life with remainder to James Peckham, who on her death, in the 1st year of king Henry IV. came into the possession of it. He obtained the king's licence two years afterwards, to give and amortize to the wardens of Rochester-bridge, and their successors, this manor, and also one hundred acres of pasture, with their appurtenances in Ellesford, the manor then being worth yearly, and above all reprises 6l. 13s. 4d. per annum. (fn. 28) Since which it has continued part of the possessions of the wardens and commonalty of the said bridge, for the support and repair of it. The present lessees of this manor are Leonard Bartholemew and Phil. Boghurst, esqrs.
An account of the tithes of this manor will be given, with those of Little Delce in this parish. (fn. 29)
There was a chapel at this place, dependent on the parish church of St. Margaret. (fn. 29)
GREAT DELCE is a manor which, with the estate now called LOWER DELCE, lies on the eastern side of this parish, about half a mile southward from Eastgate, in Rochester. It was formerly called Much Delce and Delce Magna, or Great Delce, and was given by William the Conqueror to Odo, bishop of Baieux, his halfbrother, under the title of whose lands it is thus entered in the general survey of Domesday:
In the lath of Aylesford, in Rochester hundred, the son of William Tabum holds Delce of the bishop (of Baieux). It was taxed at one suling and one yoke. The arable land is . . . . . There is one carucate in demesne, and five villeins having five carucates. There are 12 acres of meadow, wood for the pannage of one bog. In the time of king Edward the Confessor, and afterwards, it was worth three pounds, and now 70 shillings. Godric held it of king Edward.
This manor afterwards came into the possession of a family, to which it gave name. Herebert, Gosfrid, and Hugo de Delce possessed it in successive generations. After which it passed to Buckerel, and the heirs of Thomas Buckerel, in the latter end of the reign of king Henry III. held it as two knights fees and a half, of Bertram de Criol. (fn. 30) After which this estate seems to have been separated into parcels, for Geoffry de Haspale held this manor as the fourth part of a knight's fee only, at the time of his death, in the 15th year of king Edward I. as appears by the inquisition taken for that purpose.
The next family who succeeded, as appears by the original deeds of this estate, was that of Molineux, descended from those of Sefton, in Lancashire; but they did not keep possession of it long, for by the evidence of an antient court roll, Benedict de Fulsham was lord of it in the 30th year of king Edward III. His descendant, Richard Fulsham, held it of the king in capite, as the fourth part of a knight's fee, at his death in the 5th year of king Henry V. Soon after which this name seems to have become extinct here; for in the 9th year of that reign, Reginald Love died possessed of it, and his successor held it till the latter end of king Henry VI's reign, when it passed by sale to William Venour, whose arms were, Argent, on a fess sable five escallops or, three and two, and who died possessed of this manor in the 1st year of king Edward IV. After which it was within a few months conveyed by sale to Markham, descended from an antient family of that name in Nottinghamshire, in which name it staid but a very short time before it was sold to Tate, who passed it away to Sir Richard Lee, citizen of London, and grocer, who served the office of lord-mayor in the 39th year of king Henry VI. and the 9th year of king Edward IV. (fn. 31) He was the eldest son of John Lee, of Wolksted, in Surry, and grandson of Symon Lee, who was descended of ancestors in Worcestershire, and bore for his arms, Azure, on a sess cotized or, three leopard's faces gules. He lies buried in the church of St. Stephen, Walbrook, his arms are remaining in East-Grinsted church, and in that of St. Dionis Backchurch, in London, with those of several marriages of his posterity; his son Richard Lee seems to have had this manor of Great Delce by gift of his father during his life-time, and kept his shrievalty at this mansion in the 19th year of the latter reign, his son Richard, who was both of Delce and of Maidstone, left two sons, the youngest of whom, Edward, was archbishop of York, (fn. 32) and the eldest Richard, was of Delce, whose only surviving son, Godfrey, in the 31st year of Henry VIII. procured his lands to be disgavelled, by the general act passed for this purpose, (fn. 33) after which his descendants continued to reside here for several generations, but Richard Lee, esq. about the latter end of queen Anne's reign, passed away the whole of this estate, excepting the manor, and forty acres of land, to Thomas Chiffinch, esq. of Northfleet, in this county, from which time this seat and estate acquired the name of Lower Delce.
Thomas Chiffinch, esq. died in 1727, and was succeeded by Thomas Chiffinch, esq. his only son and heir, who died without issue in 1775, and by his will bequeathed this, among his other estates, to his niece and heir-at-law, Mary, the daughter of his sister Elizabeth Comyns, who afterwards carried them in marriage to Francis Wadman, esq. of the Hive, in Northfleet, and he is the present possessor of Lower Delce.
THE MANOR OF GREAT DELCE, and the forty acres of land above-mentioned, together with a farm, called King's Farm, continued in the possession of Richard Lee, esq. who died possessed of them in 1724, and his grandson, Richard Lee, esq. of Clytha, in Wales, now possesses this manor; but in 1769, he alienated all the demesnes of it, together with King's farm, to Mr. Sampson Waring, of Chatham, who died possessed of them in 1769, leaving his brother, Mr. Walter Waring, and his sister, Mrs. Smith, of Lower Delce, his executors, who are at this time entitled to the profits of them. The court for the manor of Great Delce has not been held for some years.
The manor is held by castle-guard rent of Rochester castle; but when the mansion and most part of the lands were sold, as above mentioned, from Lee to Chiffinch, the former expressly charged the whole of that rent on the premises bought by Chiffinch, and entirely exonerated that part which he reserved to himself from paying any portion of it.
An account of the tithes of this manor, given to the priory of Rochester, may be seen under the following description of Little Delce manor.
LITTLE DELCE, or DELCE PARVA, now known by the name of UPPER DELCE, is a manor in this parish, situated in the high road between Rochester and Maidstone, somewhat more than a quarter of a mile from the former. This likewise, as well as that of Great Delce, was given by William the Conqueror to his half brother Odo, bishop of Baieux; under the general title of whose lands it is thus described in the book of Domesday:
In Rochester hundred, Ansgotus de Roucestre holds Delce of the bishop (of Baieux). It was taxed at one suling. The arable land is two carucates, and there are in demesne . . . . . . . with one villein, and five borderers, and six servants. There are 12 acres of meadow, and 60 acres of pasture. In the time of king Edward the Confessor, and afterwards, and now, it was, and is worth 100 shillings. Osuuard held it of king Edward.
This estate, on the disgrace of bishop Odo, most probably reverted again into the king's hands; and seems afterwards to have been in the possession of a family, who assumed their name, De Delce, from it, and held it of William de Say, as one knight's fee. (fn. 34)
In the reign of king John, this manor was in the possession of Jeffry de Bosco, a Norman; but when that province was seized by the king of France, the lands of the Normans, in this kingdom, became vested in the crown, by way of escheat or seizure, under the title of, Terra Normanorum; thus the manor of Little Delce was seized by king John, in the 5th year of his reign, who gave it to William de Ciriton, the sheriff, for two hundred pounds, two palfreys, and two gols hawks, (fn. 35) on condition, that if the said Jeffry should return to his allegiance, he should, without delay, again possess the same. (fn. 36) But this never happened, and this manor continued in the desendants of William de Ciriton. Odo de Ciriton died possessed of it it in the 31st year of king Henry III. holding it of the king in capite, by the service of one knight's fee. (fn. 37) This family was extinct here before the middle of the reign of king Edward I. for in the 9th year of that reign, as appears by Kirkby's Inquest. Richard Pogeys held this manor. At the latter end of the reign of king Edward III. it was possessed by the family of Basing, from which name it went into that of Charles. Richard Charles died possessed of the manor of Little Delce, in the 1st year of king Richard II. leaving his brother's sons, Richard and John, his next heirs; the former of whom died possessed of it, anno 11 Richard II. and left a son, Robert Charles, who dying without issue, his two sisters became his coheirs, viz. Alice, married to William Snayth, and Joan to Richard Ormskirk; and on the division of their estates, this manor fell to the share of William Snayth, commonly called Snette, in right of his wife, Alice, the eldest of them. Soon after which, Charles and William Snette, for so the name is spelt in the bridge archives, gave and amortized this manor of Little Delce, of the yearly value of six marcs, above all reprises, to the wardens of Rochester bridge and their successors, for the support and repair of the same. Since which it has acquired the name of Upper Delce, by which it is now only known, and it continues at this time part of the possessions of the wardens and commonalty of the said bridge, for the purposes above mentioned. The present lessees of this manor are Leonard Bartholomew and Philip Boghurst, esqrs.
The tithes of Great and Little Delce, Borstal, and Nashenden, were given, in the time of bishop Gundulph, to the priory of Rochester.
Gosfrid de Delce, together with his wife and children, on their being admitted to be partakers of the benefits received from the prayers of the monks, gave the whole of the tithes of Little Delce, both great and small, to the priory of St. Andrew.
Ansgotus de Rovecestre accepted of the like benefit from the church of St. Andrew, and the monks there, in the time of bishop Gundulph, and gave to the church and monks there, all his tithes, both great and small, of Great Delce, and in like manner the whole of his tithe mill, and of a certain piece of land included within the wall of the monks, towards the south, and five acres of land near Prestefelde, and at their request, gave them, on his death bed, cloathing, and they performed service for him as for a monk.
Uulmer, the tenant of Arnulf de Hesdine, by the advice of Adelold, brother of Baldwin, monk of St. Andrew, accepted the benefit of that society, and gave to it his whole tithe, worth ten shillings yearly. Robert de St. Armand gave his tithes of Neschendene and Borstelle to St. Andrew's priory. These several tithes were confirmed to the priory by various bishops of Rochester; by Theobald, archbishop, and Ralph, prior, and the convent of Canterbury. They remained part of the possessions of the priory till their dissolution in 1540; three years after which they were settled on the new founded dean and chapter of Roter, where they still remain.
The PARISH of St. MARGARET, is Rochester, is within the ECCLESIASTICAL JURISDICTION of the diocese and deanry of Rochester. The church is situated at the south extremity of St. Margaret's-street; it consists of one nave and two chancels on the south side of much later date than the church. That towards the east end was built and long supported by the family of Lee, of Great Delce, whose remains lie in a large vault under this chancel; but since the alienation of their mansion here, the repair of this part of the fabric has devolved on the parishioners. The chancel, at the east end of the church, belongs to the appropriator, who consequently repairs it. At the west end of the church is a tower, containing five bells; it is entirely covered with ivy to the top of it, which makes a most beautiful and picturesque appearance. Against the east wall, in the south chancel, is the antient bust of a man in robes, with a coronet on his head. (fn. 38) In the reign of king Charles II. a coronet, set round with precious stones, was dug up in this church yard; and the report of the parish has been, that one of our Saxon kings was buried here.
Among other monuments and inscriptions in this church are the following: In the chancel, a brass for Syr James Roberte Preess, obt. Sep. 24, 1540. A monument, arms, Head, impaling quarterly a chevron between three hawks belled or, for Francis Head, esq. eldest son of Sir Richard Head. bart. obt. 1678; he married the only daughter of Sir George Ent. In the north window, Argent. three crosses bottony fitchee sable, and argent on a bend quarterly, an efcallop gules. In a pew, partly in the chancel and partly in the nave, Argent on a bend gules, between two peliers, three swans proper. In the nave, a brass for Tho. Cod. vicar, a benefactor to the steeple of this church, obt. Nov. 1465. In the chancel, south of the rectors, a monument, arms, Argent, a right hand couped sable, impaling Lee, for Thomas Manly, esq the third son and heir of George Manly, of Lach, esq. he married Jane, second daughter of Richard Lee, esq. of Delce, and left one only son and two daughters, obt. 1690. In the east window, arms of Lee, Azure on a fess cotized, or three leopards heads gules. In a chapel, west of the Lee chancel, in the east wall, a bust of a person with a crown on his head, much defaced. (fn. 39)
At the time of bishop Gundulph's coming to the see of Rochester, and for almost a century afterwards, this church or chapel of St. Margaret, for it is frequently mentioned by both names, was accounted only as an appendage to the parochial altar of St. Nicholas in the cathedral, and the one underwent the same changes as the other; (fn. 40) and Walter, bishop of Rochester, in 1147, confirmed the above mentioned parochial altar, together with this church of St. Margaret, which belonged as a chapel to it, to the monks of this priory, and appropriated it to them. This grant was set aside by bishop Gilbert de Glanville, in the beginning of the reign of king Richard I. who not only separated this church from the altar of St. Nicholas, and divested the monks of all manner of right to it; but on the foundation of his hospital at Stroud about the same time, he gave, in pure and perpetual alms, among other premises, this church of St. Margaret to the master and brethren of it, and appropriated it to them, reserving only half a marc yearly to be paid to the priory, in lieu of the oblations which the monks used to receive from it. (fn. 41)
The monks by no means acquiesced in this gift, but seized every opportunity of asserting their right to this church, and after several appeals to the pope from time to time, and confirmation and decrees made in favour of each party, (fn. 42) the dispute seems to have been finally settled in 1255, when the pope adjudged, that this church of St. Margaret, with all its appurtenances, should for the future belong to the prior and chapter of Rochester; accordingly from the above time they kept possession of it.
From the time of bishop Walter's appropriation of the profits of the parochial altar of St. Nicholas, with this church appendant to it, to the prior and convent, to the divesting them of it by bishop Glanville, it is likely, instead of a curate being appointed, the duty of this parish was discharged by some member of the society, as it was probably afterwards, whilst in the possession of the hospital, by one of the priests of that foundation; however, within a few years after the convent recovered the permanent possession of St. Margaret's, a vicar was certainly appointed, for William Talevez occurs by that title in 1272.
The vicars seem to have had only a yearly stipend from the convent for their pains, for more than a century afterwards; but in 1401, the prior and chapter came into a composition with the vicar for the endowment of this church; in which they agreed, that the vicar and his successors should for the future have, for their maintenance, and the support of the burthens therein mentioned, a mansion with its appurtenances, to be assigned for the vicarage of it, and the accustomed and entire altarage of it, and all the small tithes of the three manors of Nessenden and Great and Little Delce, and of all goods and lands, except the tithes of mills, within the parish, and except the tithes, great, small, and mixed, arising from the lands, cattle, and other things belonging to the religious; and that he and his successors should have three quarters of wheat with three heaps, and three quarters of barley with three heaps, to be taken yearly at their barn, at the times therein mentioned, and the tithes of sheaves, which should arise in gardens not cultivated with the plough; and that the vicar and his suc cessors, content with the above portion, should not demand any thing further of the religious or their successors; and further, that he and they should undergo, at their own proper costs and charges, the burthens of repairing, maintaining, and new building, as often as need should be, the buildings, with their appurtenances, and all other things belonging to the said mansion, with its appurtenances, as well as all things belonging to the celebration of divine services, and the administration of the sacraments and sacramentals to the parishioners, and the finding of bread and wine, lights, books, vestments, and other ornaments necessary to the celebration of divine services, which of custom or right ought to belong to the secular rectors of this church; and also the procurations and subsidies, according to the taxation of his and their portion; but all other things whatsoever, belonging or which in future should belong to this church, as well as all tithes whatsoever, arising or to arise from the lands and possessions of the prior and convent within the parish, even though they should be let or sold to laymen, they the said prior and convent should take and have, who should likewise maintain and repair the chancel, except as before excepted, at their own proper costs and charges. Notwithstanding the stipulation of the vicar for himself and his successors, not to require any increase of their portion from the prior and convent, Edmund Harefelde, vicar of this church, did not consider this clause as obligatory upon him; for in 1488, he petitioned the bishop for an augmentation of his vicarial portion, who decreed, that the vicar and his successors should yearly receive, as the portion of his vicarage, from the prior and convent, five marcs in money; and out of the tithes and profits of this church, appropriated to the prior and convent, four quarters of wheat with four heaps, and four quarters of barley with four heaps, to be taken yearly at their barns of the Upper court, in Harreat, with liberty of entry and distress on the parsonage on non-payment; and he decreed, that the endowment of the vicarage, over and above the portion above mentioned, should be as follows, that the vicar for the time being should have the mansion of the vicarage of this church, with the garden adjoining, for his habitation, which they used to have of old time there, and then had; and all manner of oblations whatsoever within the bounds of the parish, and all manner of tithes whatsoever, as of hay, lambs, wool, mills, calves, chicken, pigs, geese, ducks, eggs, bees, honey, wax, cheese, milk, the produce of the dairy, flax, hemp, pears, apples, swans, pidgeons, merchandizes, fisheries, pastures, onions, garlics, and saffrons whatsoever arising and coming; and also the tithes of sheaves in gardens, whether cultivated with the plough or dug with the foot, increasing within the parish; and the tithes also of firewood, woods, thorns, silva cedua, as well as of all billets, faggots, and fardels whatsoever, within the limits of the parish; and he further decreed, that the burthens of repairing, amending, and new building the mansion, with every appurtenance belonging to it, and the celebration and ministration of the sacraments and the sacramentals to the parishioners, of the finding of bread and wine, and lights to the church, either of right or custom due, should belong to and be borne by the vicar and his successors, as well as all episcopal burthens of the said church, according to the taxation of his portion. But that the burthen of repairing and amending the chancel of the church, as well within as without, as also the finding and repairing of books, vestments, and other ornaments, for the celebration of those divine rights, which of old, either by right or custom, belonged to the rectors of the church, should in future be borne by the prior and convent and their successors, at their own proper charge and expence; and that all other burthens, ordinary and extraordinary, of the vicarage, and to the vicar belonging, by reason of tha same, except as before excepted, should belong to him and his successors, to be borne and supported at his and their own proper costs and charges; saving to the bishop and his successors, a right of augmenting and diminishing this vicarage, and of correcting, amending, and explaining the above decree, whenever he or they should think it expedient so to do; and saving to himself and his successors, all episcopal right, (fn. 43) &c.
The appropriation of this church, and the patronage of the vicarage, continued part of the possessions of the prior and convent till the dissolution of the monastery, in 1540, when it was surrendered into the king's hands, who three years after, by his dotation charter, settled this appropriation and vicarage on his new founded dean and chapter of Rochester, where they remain at this time.
Adjoining to the north wall of the church yard is a piece of ground, which has probably belonged to the vicars of this parish ever since their first institution here; an antient court roll mentions their being possessed of it in the year 1317.
In the 5th year of king Edward III. John de Folkstan, vicar of St. Margaret's, held a messuage, with its appurtenances, adjoining to the church yard, by the assignment of the prior and convent, with the ordination of the bishop, as belonging to the portion of his vicarage; which messuage, with its appurtenances, was held of the master and brethren of the hospital of Stroud, by fealty, and the service of two shillings yearly, and also the payment of twelvepence to them, after the death of each vicar. (fn. 44)
The vicars, I am told, now hold this piece of land of the dean and chapter, as of their manor of Ambree, on their paying a small acknowledgment.
The vicarage house being from age become irreparable, was taken down, with an intention of erecting a convenient and substantial dwelling in the room of it; for which purpose Mr. Lowth, the late vicar, for several years deposited an annual sum with the dean and chapter, towards defraying the charges of it; and about 1781, erected on this spot a neat and convenient house, built of brick and sashed, with proper offices adjoining, for the use of himself and his successors, vicars of this parish. By an agreement between John Ready, vicar of it, and the dean and chapter, the former, in consideration of several benefits and benevolences done to him by the latter, consented to take an annual payment of 5l. 6s. 8d. instead of the pension in money and corn, granted by the composition made in 1488. Some recompence indeed has since been made for this unjust bargain by the dean and chapter, who have settled on it a larger augmentation than on any other church in their patronage. The vicarage of St. Margaret is valued in the king's books at 10l. and the yearly tenths at 1l. (fn. 45)
¶In the survey, taken after the death of Charles I. in 1649, of the church livings within this diocese, by the powers then in being, on the intended abolition of deans and chapters, it was returned, that there were belonging to this rectory or parsonage, a parsonagehouse, two barns, one stable, and other houshings, and also certain tithes, profits, &c. belonging to it, together with certain glebe land, called Court-hill and Court hill marsh, containing together nine acres, and and one marsh, lying in the parish of St. Nicholas, Rochester, called Cow marsh, with the waste ground called salts, containing together seven acres, and all that piece of ground called Upper court, alias Hogshaw, containing one acre; in all seventeen acres, worth together 130l. per annum, viz. the house and lands, 12l. per annum, and the tithes 118l. per ann. all which were let, among other premises, by Henry King, late dean of the cathedral church of Rochester, by his indenture, in 1639, to George Newman, esq. for twenty-one years, at the yearly rent, for Preestfield and Stroud marsh, of 4s. 4d. per annum, and for all the other premises twelve quarters of wheat, heaped, making together the yearly rent of 31l. 1s. 8d. Next the vicarage was, in like manner surveyed, and returned at the yearly value of 30l. (fn. 46)
how long "Little Guy" was when he was rescued in 1997 and really was a "little guy" only about 10 inches long. "Little Guy" is a Great Basin rattlesnake (Crotalus oreganus lutosus). Photo of Frank and "Little Guy" at Boise State University Reptile and Amphibian Workshop September 17 - 18, 2016 by Scott..
Explainer: While I wish I could fully dress, wig-up and make-up regularly, those days are rare. So I post these AI renderings. FYI: the photos are AI generated, from actual photos of me, enhanced slightly with FaceApp and then dressed from outfits I see and love on the interweb. Enjoy them or not! I do, that's all that matters! Love, Crystal
A Fruitland farmer explains a watering method he is using for the first time on a crop of onion seed that he is soon to plant. Because the soil in which onion seed is planted must never dry out, he has has burried a drip line just underneath the soil. This method will keep the soil constantly wet w ith a minimal amount of water. Fruitland, Idaho
7/20/2012 Photo by Kirsten Strough
Dr Stuart Clark performing at the Universe Explained at Gorilla, Manchester, on Saturday 20th July 2013
Ahhhh, yes, the PC crashed. Really. 4 weeks ago during my week of house-sitting with no internet. Then, I set off on more trips, gatherings, then work again, and finally... I am back at the odd post. Now Elements has been reinstalled, yahoo passwords recovered... may the posting continue now.
This was from shortly after the crash... reuinion with my friends Natascha and Juergen in Berlin. A great day, topped off with a faboulous concert at the Komische Oper - but of course no photos of that.
40 years in the game - Victor Hernandez Cruz at the 9th Annual Voices for the Voiceless Poetry Concert.
OHAKEA, New Zealand -- United States Air Force Maj. Corey Akiyama (right) explains the alignment of a target panel, or marker, to Royal New Zealand Air Force Pilot Officer Emma Taylor during Exercise Kiwi Flag Nov. 14 at the New Zealand Defence Force Raumai Drop Zone near Ohakea, New Zealand. Chief Master Sgt. Paul Koester assists in the demonstration as Taylor works on earning her certification as a United States Air Force drop zone control officer during the multilateral RNZAF-sponsored tactical airlift exercise comprising of air assets from the USAF, RNZAF, Royal Australian Air Force, Republic Of Singapore Armed Forces and French Armed Forces of New Caledonia. The marker, or target, is a slanted marker allowing pilots to pick up the visual at slant range providing an indication of the approach direction for aerial drops. Taylor’s certification will enhance interoperability and unified responses when New Zealand and the United States both respond to a combined effort. Akiyama is deployed as the 517th Expeditionary Airlift Squadron air mobility liaison officer. He is also an AMLO for the 615th Contingency Operations Support Group at home station, Camp Henry, Korea. He hails from University Place, Wash. Taylor, an air warfare officer, is assigned to 40 Squadron, RNZAF Base Auckland. Koester is deployed as the 517th EAS jumpmaster. He is the pararescue functional manager at home station, Pacific Air Forces Headquarters at Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam, Hawaii. He hails from Colorado Springs, Colo. Kiwi Flag personnel are supporting Exercise Southern Katipo -- held in New Zealand’s South Island -- by managing air operations and providing cargo and passenger airlift including tactical air drops to SK participants. SK hosts nine countries involved in air, land and maritime operations. (U.S. Air Force photo by Senior Master Sgt. Denise Johnson/Released)
This is a photograph from the 34th ABN AMRO Marathon Rotterdam which was held in Rotterdam, The Netherlands on Sunday 13th April 2014 at 10:30 (CET). This photograph is one of a larger set of photographs which were taken at the start, the 17 mile mark, and the finish of the marathon. The official website of the Rotterdam Marathon is at www.marathonrotterdam.org/.
Please note: These are completely unofficial photographs. These photographs or their Flickr set are in no way affiliated with the ABN AMRO Marathon Rotterdam or any of it's partners.
We use Creative Commons Licensing for these photographs
We use the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License for all our photographs here in this photograph set. What does this mean in reality?
The explaination is very simple.
Attribution- anyone using our photographs gives us an appropriate credit for it. This ensures that people aren't taking our photographs and passing them off as their own. This usually just mean putting a link to our photographs somewhere on your website, blog, or Facebook where other people can see it.
ShareAlike – anyone can use these photographs, and make changes if they like, or incorporate them into a bigger project, but they must make those changes available back to the community under the same terms.
Creative Commons aims to encourage creative sharing. See some examples of Creative Commons photographs on Flickr: www.flickr.com/creativecommons/
Can I use these photographs directly from Flickr on my social media account(s)?
Yes - of course you can! Flickr provides several ways to share this and other photographs in this Flickr set. You can share to: email, Facebook, Pinterest, Twitter, Tumblr, LiveJournal, and Wordpress and Blogger blog sites. Your mobile, tablet, or desktop device will also offer you several different options for sharing this photo page on your social media outlets.
We take these photographs as a hobby and as a contribution to the running community in Ireland. Our only "cost" is our request that if you are using these images: (1) on social media sites such as Facebook, Tumblr, Pinterest, Twitter,LinkedIn, Google+, etc or (2) other websites, blogs, web multimedia, commercial/promotional material that you must provide a link back to our Flickr page to attribute us.
This also extends the use of these images for Facebook profile pictures. In these cases please make a separate wall or blog post with a link to our Flickr page. If you do not know how this should be done for Facebook or other social media please email us and we will be happy to help suggest how to link to us.
How can I download these pictures to my computer or device?
You can download the photographic image here direct to your computer or device. This version is the low resolution web-quality image. How to download will vary slight from device to device and from browser to browser. However - look for a symbol with three dots 'ooo' or the link to 'View/Download' all sizes. When you click on either of these you will be presented with the option to download the image. Remember just doing a right-click and "save target as" will not work on Flickr.
How can I get full resolution, print-quality, copies of these photographs?
If you just need these photographs for online usage then they can be used directly once you respect their Creative Commons license and provide a link back to our Flickr set if you use them. For offline usage and printing all of the photographs posted here on this Flickr set are available free, at no cost, at full image resolution.
Please email petermooney78 AT gmail DOT com with the links to the photographs you would like to obtain a full resolution copy of. We also ask race organisers, media, etc to ask for permission before use of our images for flyers, posters, etc. We reserve the right to refuse a request.
In summary please remember when requesting photographs from us - If you are using the photographs online all we ask is for you to provide a link back to our Flickr set or Flickr pages. You will find the link above clearly outlined in the description text which accompanies this photograph. Taking these photographs and preparing them for online posting does take a significant effort and time. We are not posting photographs to Flickr for commercial reasons. If you really like what we do please spread the link around your social media, send us an email, leave a comment beside the photographs, send us a Flickr email, etc. If you are using the photographs in newspapers or magazines we ask that you mention where the original photograph came from.
I would like to contribute something for your photograph(s)?
Many people offer payment for our photographs. As stated above we do not charge for these photographs. We take these photographs as our contribution to the running community in Ireland. If you feel that the photograph(s) you request are good enough that you would consider paying for their purchase from other photographic providers or in other circumstances we would suggest that you can provide a donation to any of the great charities in Ireland who do work for Cancer Care or Cancer Research in Ireland.
I ran in the race - but my photograph doesn't appear here in your Flickr set! What gives?
As mentioned above we take these photographs as a hobby and as a voluntary contribution to the running community in Ireland. Very often we have actually ran in the same race and then switched to photographer mode after we finished the race. Consequently, we feel that we have no obligations to capture a photograph of every participant in the race. However, we do try our very best to capture as many participants as possible. But this is sometimes not possible for a variety of reasons:
►You were hidden behind another participant as you passed our camera
►Weather or lighting conditions meant that we had some photographs with blurry content which we did not upload to our Flickr set
►There were too many people - some races attract thousands of participants and as amateur photographs we cannot hope to capture photographs of everyone
►We simply missed you - sorry about that - we did our best!
You can email us petermooney78 AT gmail DOT com to enquire if we have a photograph of you which didn't make the final Flickr selection for the race. But we cannot promise that there will be photograph there. As alternatives we advise you to contact the race organisers to enquire if there were (1) other photographs taking photographs at the race event or if (2) there were professional commercial sports photographers taking photographs which might have some photographs of you available for purchase. You might find some links for further information above.
Don't like your photograph here?
That's OK! We understand!
If, for any reason, you are not happy or comfortable with your picture appearing here in this photoset on Flickr then please email us at petermooney78 AT gmail DOT com and we will remove it as soon as possible. We give careful consideration to each photograph before uploading.
I want to tell people about these great photographs!
Great! Thank you! The best link to spread the word around is probably http://www.flickr.com/peterm7/sets
Holiday angels abound in every corner of the Korean peninsula
Story and photo by Park Min-jin
minjin.park@korea.army.mil
DAEGU GARRISON — Designed to extend sharing and caring to those in need, the Angel Tree project is an act of kindness that some members of the U.S. Army Garrison Daegu community are simply proud to be a part of. That act of kindness began with the Camp Walker Chapel congregation, and members of the Lambda Xi Chapter of Omega Psi Phi Fraternity, Inc. Sunday, making Christmas a little better for some Daegu children.
The Love and Hope Orphanage was on the receiving end of this year’s Angel Tree holiday kindness. The event involved adopting an angel that was placed on the chapel’s Christmas tree. The angel contained the name of the child and his or her needs, such as clothing, as well as their sizes. A member of the congregation selected the angel that they thought they might be able to help.
Cynthia Sanchez, Protestant Women of the Chapel program vice president, has participated in the “Angel Tree” program for consecutive years.
“I was a volunteer for Love and Hope Orphanage, so I have a special place in my heart for the kids there,” sanchez said. “My special memory of the first year was wonderful. We baked them some cookies and they sang for us in Korean. If helping is a gift, there’s nothing I wouldn’t be willing to do.”
“The Angel Tree event is so important to us because it allows us to share the holidays with our Korean friends, as well as efforts to continue strengthening relationships with our Korean community,” said Chaplain (Capt.) Michael Jones. “We can stay inside the gate while we’re here, but we want to enjoy Korea and the Korean culture.”
For Capt. Brandon Wilkins, Commander, HHC USAG Daegu, and other members of the Lambda Xi Chapter of Omega Psi Phi fraternity from around the Korean peninsula, the Angel Tree activity was something they were proud to be a part of.
“What we wanted to do is something that would make a difference in someone else’s life,” Wilkins said. “Part of our fraternity’s purpose is to provide service to the community. We wanted to extend that service to our Korean host, and so our donation of $1200 in toys, baby wipes and diapers, was just one small way of ensuring the children at Love and Hope Orphanage, had a Christmas that would be both meaningful and memorable for them.”
“At the orphanage, kids have the same bed time,” Jones explained. “They eat the same food. They play the same game. In the orphanage they are not individuals. They are a group.
“ However, when they receive a present, it is all theirs. Sometimes, the kids will not open their gift. They just have it in hand, and they think, ‘wow’ this belongs to me. It’s just mine, and I don’t have to share it. So, you can see in their face, how much they appreciate the gift when they open it. They give you non-verbal feedback in the form of a smile or body language. The feedback may not be a written note, but I know their heart. So, as you can see, the ‘Angel Tree’ is a great way to build bridges and lasting relationships. Giving is a very important part of that.”
A midway worker explains how the game worrks to three prospective players at the Minnesota State Fair in St. Paul, Minnesota.
Ranger Kate explains the geology of the park and how sinkholes played a role in one of the greatest fossil discoveries.
Advert for Explainers, summer 1999, from the London Evening Standard.
I had to make paper-planes in my interview. They also asked who my favourite science communicator was: I said Micheal Faraday because I'd just read a book about him and I'm a big old geek. Apparently everyone else said Carol Vorderman.
I stayed six years. When I left I realised I'd been there a quarter of my life. I only have the ad because it got left in my National Record of Achievement (behind my swimming certificates), but I'm going to try to keep it now.
from wikipedia
Street photography is photography that features the human condition within public places and does not necessitate the presence of a street or even the urban environment. The subject of the photograph might be absent of people and can be an object or environment where the image projects a decidedly human character in facsimile or aesthetic.
Framing and timing are key aspects of the craft, with the aim of creating images at a decisive or poignant moment. Much of what is now widely regarded, stylistically and subjectively, as definitive street photography was made in the era spanning the end of the 19th Century through to the late 1970s; a period which saw the emergence of portable cameras. The portable camera enabled candid photography in public places became an issue of discussion. Street photographers create fine art photography (including street portraits) by capturing people in public places, often with a focus on emotions displayed, thereby also recording people's history from an emotional point of view. Social documentary photographers operate in public places documenting people and their behavior in public places for recording people's history and other purposes. Services like Google Street View also record the public place at a massive scale. Photojournalists work in public places, capturing newsworthy events, which may include people and private property visible from public places.
Origins[edit]
Europe[edit]
Paris is widely accepted as the birthplace of street photography.[citation needed] The cosmopolitan city helped to define street photography as a genre.[citation needed]
Eugene Atget is regarded as the father of the genre, not because he was the first of his kind, but as a result of his popularity as a Parisian photographer.[citation needed] As the city developed, Atget helped to promote the city streets as a worthy subject for photography. He worked in the city of Paris from the 1890s to the 1920s. His subject matter consisted mainly of architecture; stairs, gardens, and windows. He did photograph some workers but it is clear that people were not his main focus.
John Thomson, a Scotsman, photographed the street prior to Atget and had more of a social subject style than Atget. Though he does not receive the same amount of recognition, Thomson was vital in the transition from portrait and pictorial photography to capturing everyday life on the streets.[1]
Henri Cartier-Bresson, who has a reputation comparable to Atget, was a 20th-century photographer whose poetic style focused on the actions of people. He was responsible for the idea of taking a picture at the ideal moment. He was influenced by his interest in traditional art, as his ambition was to be a painter. This influence is revealed through his skill in combining timing and technique.[2]
United States[edit]
The beginnings of street photography in the United States can be linked to that of jazz in the music domain, both emerging as outspoken depictions of everyday life. This connection is visible in the work of the New York School of Photography. The New York School was not a formal institution, but rather comprised groups of photographers in the mid-20th century based in New York City. One of its most notable and influential photographers, Robert Frank, was a part of the beat movement interested in Black-American and counter cultures. Frank's 1958 book, The Americans, was significant. Raw and often out of focus,[3] Frank's images questioned mainstream photography of the time, such as Ansel Adams's landscapes, "challenged all the formal rules laid down by Henri Cartier-Bresson and Walker Evans" and "flew in the face of the wholesome pictorialism and heartfelt photojournalism of American magazines like Life and Time."[3] The mainstream photography community in America fiercely rejected Frank’s work, but the book later "changed the nature of photography, what it could say and how it could say it".[3] It was a stepping stone for fresh photographers looking to break away from the restrictions of the old style[1] and "remains perhaps the most influential photography book of the 20th century."[3]
Inspired by Frank, in the 1960s Garry Winogrand, Lee Friedlander and Joel Meyerowitz began photographing on the streets of New York. Phil Coomes, writing for BBC News in 2013, said "For those of us interested in street photography there are a few names that stand out and one of those is Garry Winogrand";[4] critic Sean O'Hagan, writing in The Guardian in 2014, said "In the 1960s and 70s, he defined street photography as an attitude as well as a style – and it has laboured in his shadow ever since, so definitive are his photographs of New York."[5]
Technique[edit]
Eddie Wexler: East Village, New York City, 1998
Most kinds of portable camera are used for street photography; for example rangefinders, digital and film SLRs, and point-and-shoot cameras. A commonly used focusing technique is zone focusing — setting a fixed focal distance and shooting from that distance — as an alternative to manual-focus and autofocus. The traditional (but not exclusive) focal lengths of 28 to 50 mm (in 35 mm terms), are used particularly for their angle of view and increased depth of field, but there are no exclusions to what might be used. Zone focusing also facilitates shooting "from the hip" i.e. without bringing the camera up to the eye. Alternatively waist-level finders and the tiltable LCD screens of digital cameras allow for composing or adjusting focus without bringing unwanted attention to the photographer.
Street photography versus documentary photography[edit]
Street photography and documentary photography can be very similar genres of photography that often overlap while having distinct individual qualities.
Documentary style is defined by its premeditated message and intention to record particular events in history. The documentary approach includes aspects of journalism, art, education, sociology and history. In documentary's social investigation, often the images are intended to pave way to social change. Street photography is disinterested in its nature, allowing it to deliver a true depiction of the world.[6] Street photographs are mirror images of society, displaying "unmanipulated" scenes, with usually unaware subjects.[2]
Legalities[edit]
Several legal cases in the United States and other countries, for example the Nussenzweig v. DiCorcia case, have established that taking, publishing and selling street photography (including street portraits) is legal without any need for the consent of those whose image appears in the photos, because photography is protected as free speech and artistic expression by the First Amendment in the US and Article 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights in the European Union.[7]
The issue of street photographers taking photos of strangers in public places without their consent (which is the definition of candid photography) for fine art purposes has been controversial in some countries, notably France,[8] even though France was the home of several well-known street photographers in past and present, for example Cartier-Bresson.[9]
While individuals may complain of privacy or civil inattention violations when they become the subject of candid photography, the work of photographers cannot be done in any other way and if candid photography were restricted then society and the future generations would lose works of art, educational images, newsworthy images, and images of people's history.[citation needed]
In France, a legal case between a street photographer and a woman appearing on a photo published in the photographer's book decreed that street photography without the consent of the subject is an important freedom in a democracy: "the right to control one’s image must yield when a photograph contributes to the exchange of ideas and opinions, deemed “indispensable” to a democratic society."[8]
From 15 March 2014 anyone taking photographs in Hungary is technically breaking the law if someone wanders into shot, under a new civil code that outlaws taking pictures without the permission of everyone in the photograph. This expands the law on consent to include the taking of photographs, in addition to their publication.[10]
Subscribe for fun family videos: bit.ly/TheFunnyrats Yesterday's Vlog: www.youtube.com/watch?v=RCCvLUZmwWo&list=UUd3jVOqiNsH... Like, Comment and Subscribe to show your Shiggity Shankness! In today's fun family daily vlog, I took the kids outside because they didn't want to take a nap, so I played with them in the truck outside so that my wife could nap. While I was playing in the truck with the kids, my toddler explains how a truck works. Our family has a few things coming up including Festival International, a birthday party and eating a guava. While the kids and I were playing in the truck, I went live on Periscope and the kids and I had a lot of fun chatting with you guys. Also while the kids and I were playing in the truck I started wondering what the future of music storage will be. We started with 8-tracks and records and now it's all online. What is the future? Brain implants? For our family dinner tonight, my wife cooked a delicious pork roast in the crock pot. My son was really tired because he didn't take a nap, but it's been raining all afternoon so hopefully he sleeps good tonight. We actually have a flash flood watch. This week it's back to the bump and grind... I mean the old grind. Spring Break is over. If you enjoyed today's video, make sure to click that Thumbs up button, and if you want more of our videos, click the subscribe button. If you read all of this, put "I'm grinding" in the comments below! Members Only Facebook Group: www.facebook.com/groups/2412655535/ Mystery Video: www.youtube.com/watch?v=BfrJ1c00YdE&list=UUd3jVOqiNsH... Year 1: www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dq-4yuo18SE&list=UUvCcu2CeK8f... Year 2: www.youtube.com/watch?v=6lmzOpz_RTg&list=UUd3jVOqiNsH... Year 3: www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xjwGXQQyds&list=UUd3jVOqiNsH... Year 4: www.youtube.com/watch?v=_XYWlw_yULk&list=UUd3jVOqiNsH... Year 5: www.youtube.com/watch?v=_pxtuqT36QA&list=UUd3jVOqiNsH... New Videos are uploaded to TheFunnyrats everyday at 3:00pm CST. Subscribe so that never miss one! GET TO KNOW US: - Birth of Our Kids: www.youtube.com/watch?v=Znzrq95mAnw&index=1&list=... - Proposal, Wedding, and Anniversaries: www.youtube.com/watch?v=9tL_dh8ghtk&index=1&list=... - A Few of my Favorite Videos: www.youtube.com/watch?v=P7DQj9bvPsg&list=PLr15H0y-sbv... TheFunnyrats is a family of four based out of Lafayette, LA, who make brand new videos on YouTube every day at 3:00pm CST. We love to take our two kids, Amelia and Jacques, on adventures as a family. My wife, Krista, and I have a goal to sell everything we own (including our house), buy an Airstream Travel Trailer, and explore this beautiful Earth living full-time in the RV! We guarantee that you will love our videos. Subscribe now to join our journey and discover the the world with us! It's easy and free, just click that red button! Also we love when you follow and interact with us on our social media links above. Our Favorite Products: Shot on a Canon G7X: amzn.to/1MckI59 Join The Shiggity Shank List for extra content, contests, announcements, coupon codes and more: LaneVids.com/email You guys are AWESOMELY SHIGGITY SHANK! SOCIAL LINKS --------------------- SnapChat: TheFunnyrats Instagram: instagram.com/LaneVids Facebook: facebook.com/LaneVids Twitter (Lane): twitter.com/Lanevids Twitter (Lane): twitter.com/TheFunnyrats Twitter (Krista): twitter.com/mrsfofo Pinterest: pinterest.com/lanevids/ Google Plus: plus.google.com/+lanevids/posts LANEVIDS SHIRTS: lanevids.spreadshirt.com WEBSITE: www.LaneVids.com
In the medical field, also popular as hybrid medical animation, this technology is used to visualise the mechanism complexities of science and human anatomy.
“It gets under your skin and lives inside you, and you can’t run from it, you can’t hide. It finds you, and traps you, it grows over your soul like an encasing vine and it stays with you, you can’t get away from it.
It’s like being in a room with 30 radios going all at once, on full volume, and you can’t turn them off, nothing stops it.”
The emcee explained the various types of traditional costumes wear by the Philippines community during Love, Light Living Festival at the Asian Civilisations Museum.
Lt. Kamber, Croatian Volcano Battery platoon commander, explains trajectory and targeting to U.S. Army officers of the Battle Group Poland prior to the Croatian Volcano Battery Live Fire Exercise, the first outside of Croatia and with the Battle Group Poland near Bemowo Piskie Training Area, Poland, on November 29, 2017.
Jon Magnuson, Executive Director of the nonprofit Cedar Tree Institute in Marquette, Michigan
906-2285494
magnusonx2@charter.net
EarthKeepers II (EK II) Project Coordinator Kyra Fillmore Ziomkowski explains creating 30 interfaith community gardens (2013-2014) across the Upper Peninsula of Michigan that include vegetables and native species plants that encourage and help pollinators like bees and butterflies.
The video was shot on April 5, 2013 at the Big Bay Point Lighthouse Bed and Breakfast in Big Bay, MI during a meeting of EK II representatives.
An Interfaith Energy Conservation and Community Garden Initiative Across the Upper Peninsula of Michigan to Restore Native Plants and Protect the Great Lakes from Toxins like Airborne Mercury in cooperation with the EPA Great Lakes Restoration Initiative, U.S. Forest Service, 10 faith traditions and Native American tribes such as Keweenaw Bay Indian Community
10 faiths: Roman Catholic" "Episcopal" "Jewish" "Lutheran" "Presbyterian" "United Methodist" "Bahá'í" "Unitarian Universalist" "American Friends" "Quaker" "Zen Buddhist" "
EK II website
Nonprofit Cedar Tree Institute
Marquette, MI
Great Lakes Restoration Initiative
Deborah Lamberty
Program Analyst
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Great Lakes National Program Office
Chicago, IL
Lamberty.Deborah@epa.gov
312-886-6681
Pastor Albert Valentine II
Manistique, MI
Manistique Presbyterian Church of the Redeemer
Gould City Community Presbyterian Church
Presbytery of Mackinac
Rev. Christine Bergquist
Bark River United Methodist Church
First UMC of Hermansville
United Methodist Church Marquette District
Rev. Elisabeth Zant
Eden Evangelical Lutheran Church
Munising, MI
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA) Northern Great Lakes Synod
Heidi Gould
Marquette, MI
Marquette Unitarian Universalist Congregation
Rev. Pete Andersen
Marquette, MI
ELCA
Helen Grossman
Temple Beth Sholom
Jewish Synagogue
Rev. Stephen Gauger
Calvary Lutheran Church
Rapid River, MI
ELCA
Jan Schultz, Botanist
U.S. Forest Service (USFS)
Eastern Region 9
EK II Technical Advisor for Community Gardens
Milwaukee, WI
USFS
www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/nativegardening
Pollinator photos by Nancy Parker Hill
Rev. David Van Kley, Senior Pastor
Rev. Amanda Kossow, Associate Pastor
Messiah Lutheran Church
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America
Marquette, Michigan
Rev. David Van Kley, Senior Pastor
Rev. Amanda Kossow, Associate Pastor
NMU EK II Student Team
Katelin Bingner
Tom Merkel
Adam Magnuson
EK II social sites
www.youtube.com/EarthKeepersII
www.facebook.com/EarthKeepersII
www.twitter.com/EarthKeeperTeam
pinterest.com/EarthKeepersII/Great-Lakes-Restoration-Init...
pinterest.com/EarthKeepersII/EarthKeepers-II-and-the-EPA-...
Lake Superior Zendo
Zen Buddhist Temple
Marquette, Michigan
Rev. Tesshin Paul Lehmberg
906 226-6407
plehmber@nmu.edu
Dr. Michael Grossman, representing Jewish Temple Beth Sholom in Ishpeming, MI
Helen Grossman, representing Jewish Temple Beth Sholom in Ishpeming, MI
906-475-4009 (hm)
906-475-4127 (wk)
www.templebethsholom-ishpeming.org
www.templebethsholom-ishpeming.org/tikkun
www.templebethsholom-ishpeming.org/aboutus
Wild Rice: 8 videos
www.learningfromtheearth.org/video-interviews/wild-rice-m...
Birch – 2 videos
www.learningfromtheearth.org/video-interviews/paper-birch...
Photos (click on each name or topic to see the respective photo galleries):
www.learningfromtheearth.org/photo-gallery
www.picasaweb.google.com/Yoopernewsman/JonReport?authuser...
www.picasaweb.google.com/100329402090002004302/JonReport?...
“Albert Einstein speculated once that if bees disappeared off the surface of the earth, then humans would have only four years of life left.”
the late Todd Warner, KBIC Natural Resource Director
Links:
Zaagkii Wings and Seeds Project website:
Cedar Tree Institute: Zaagkii Project
www.cedartreeinstitute.org/2010/07/wings-seeds-zaagkii-pr...
www.cedartreeinstitute.org/2009/01/wings-seeds-the-zaagki...
Zaagkii Project Videos on youtube (also uploaded to dozens of internet sites):
KBIC Pollinator Preservation
www.indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/ictarchives/2008/0...
Zaagkii Project Indigenous Plants Help Give New Face to Sand Point on Keweenaw Bay www.indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/ictarchives/2008/0...
Zaagkii Project 2010: U.S. Forest Service & Keweenaw Bay Indian Community Native Plants Greenhouse
www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hoq5xXHDF4E
United States Forest Service sponsored Zaagkii Project featured on Pollinator Live
www.youtube.com/watch?v=8P3DPfxx7Jw
2009 Zaagkii Project Vid #9: Teens Painting Mason Bee Houses in Northern Michigan
www.youtube.com/watch?v=QIIV6jrlT20
2009 Zaagkii Project Vid #8: Marquette, Michigan Teens Build Mason Bee Houses
www.youtube.com/watch?v=c3MBfV7ION8
Zaagkii Project Butterfly Houses: Keweenaw Bay Indian Community, U.S. Forest Service
www.youtube.com/watch?v=hGQScEI9x7Q
2009 Zaagkii Project Vid #6: "The Butterfly Lady" Susan Payant teaches teens about Monarchs
www.youtube.com/watch?v=JlIgsuTFSuM
2009 Zaagkii Project Vid #5: Terracotta half-life, Marquette, MI band supports environment projects
www.youtube.com/watch?v=JqlFCHwW30o
2009 Zaagkii Video #4: Michigan teens meet 150,000 swarming honeybees with beekeeper Jim Hayward
www.youtube.com/watch?v=U2B4MEzM7w4
2009 Zaagkii Video #3: Michigan teens give away mason bee houses, honor supporters
www.youtube.com/watch?v=dqfWeEgDxTY
2009 Zaagkii Project #2: Historic KBIC native plants greenhouse, USFS protects pollinators
www.youtube.com/watch?v=vg8H5nhvzzc
2009 Zaagkii Project #1: Students make bee houses, plant native species plants
www.youtube.com/watch?v=E8jqJAQyXwE
Zaagkii Project Butterfly Houses: Keweenaw Bay Indian Community, U.S. Forest Service:
www.youtube.com/watch?v=hGQScEI9x7Q
Zaagkii Wings & Seeds Project: Northern Michigan teens, KBIC tribal youth protect pollinators
www.youtube.com/watch?v=VoPJOXHt7pI
Zaagkii Project – Northern Michigan University:
www.webb.nmu.edu/Centers/NativeAmericanStudies/SiteSectio...
Native Village stories: Beautiful Layout by Owner Gina Boltz:
Zaagkii Wings and Seeds Project: A Project by Ojibwe Students from the Keweenah Bay Indian Community
www.nativevillage.org/Messages%20from%20the%20People/KBIC...
NMU Students Join Pollinator Protection Initiative
www.nativevillage.org/Messages%20from%20the%20People/KBIC...
KBIC Tribal youth protect pollinators
www.nativevillage.org/Messages%20from%20the%20People/KBIC...
Teens Help with Sweet Nature Project
www.nativevillage.org/Messages%20from%20the%20People/KBIC...
USFS Success Stories:
Restoring Native Plants on the Enchanted Island
www.fs.fed.us/r9/ssrs/story?id=6274
Keweenaw Bay Indian Community Native Plant Greenhouse & Workshop
www.fs.fed.us/r9/ssrs/story?id=5499
Intertribal Nursery Council Annual Meeting a Success
www.fs.fed.us/r9/ssrs/story?id=6276
New Greenhouse for KBIC Restoration
www.fs.fed.us/r9/ssrs/story?id=5336
Zaagkii Wings & Seeds - An Update
www.fs.fed.us/r9/ssrs/story?id=5076
Zaagkii Wings & Seeds Project
www.fs.fed.us/r9/ssrs/story?id=4025
News Stories:
U.P. teens build butterfly houses, grow 26,000 indigenous plants
www.miningjournal.net/page/content.detail/id/519835.html?...
Effort to protect pollinators launched
www.miningjournal.net/page/content.detail/id/512810.html
Marquette Monthly (Sept. 2009):
www.mmnow.com/mm_archive_folder/09/0909/feature.html
As bees die, Keweena Bay Indian Community adults, teens actively protect pollinators
www.nativetimes.com/index.php?option=com_content&view...
Michigan Teens Build Butterfly Houses and Plant 26,000 Native Plants through the Zaagkii Wings and Seeds Project
www.treehugger.com/culture/michigan-teens-build-butterfly...
Examples of numerous Gather.com articles with lots of photos/videos:
Zaagkii Wings and Seeds Project: Northern Michigan teens and KBIC tribal youth are protecting pollinators by building butterfly houses and planting native plants
www.gather.com/viewArticle.action?articleId=281474977550233
Zaagkii Wings & Seeds Project: Protecting Pollinators
www.gather.com/viewArticle.action?articleId=281474977428640
2009 Zaagkii Project #2: Keweenaw Bay Indian Community in 2010 to build first Native American native species plants greenhouse on tribal property in U.S.
www.gather.com/viewArticle.action?articleId=281474978040745
2009 Zaagkii Project #1: Northern Michigan Teens Protect Pollinators with U.S. Forest Service, Keweenaw Bay Indian Community, NMU Center for Native American Studies: Build mason bee houses, butterfly houses, distribute thousands of native species plants
www.gather.com/viewArticle.action?articleId=281474978040729
Zaagkii Project Internet sites – blogs, photos, videos etc.:
ZaagkiiProject on flickr
www.flickr.com/photos/zaagkiiproject
www.flickr.com/people/zaagkiiproject
Zaagkii on youtube:
Zaagkii on bliptv:
Zaagkii on word press:
www.zaagkiiproject.wordpress.com
Zaagkii on Blogger:
www.zaagkiiproject.blogspot.com
Zaagkii on Photobucket:
www.photobucket.com/ZaagkiiProjectWingsSeeds
www.photobucket.com/ZaagkiiProjectWingsSeeds/?start=all
Zaagkii Wings and Seeds Project website:
Cedar Tree Institute: Zaagkii Project
cedartreeinstitute.org/2010/07/wings-seeds-zaagkii-project
cedartreeinstitute.org/2009/01/wings-seeds-the-zaagkii-pr...
Zaagkii Project Videos on youtube (also uploaded to dozens of internet sites):
KBIC Pollinator Preservation
indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/ictarchives/2008/08/15...
Zaagkii Project Indigenous Plants Help Give New Face to Sand Point on Keweenaw Bay indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/ictarchives/2008/09/03...
Zaagkii Project 2010: U.S. Forest Service & Keweenaw Bay Indian Community Native Plants Greenhouse
www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hoq5xXHDF4E
United States Forest Service sponsored Zaagkii Project featured on Pollinator Live
www.youtube.com/watch?v=8P3DPfxx7Jw
2009 Zaagkii Project Vid #9: Teens Painting Mason Bee Houses in Northern Michigan
www.youtube.com/watch?v=QIIV6jrlT20
2009 Zaagkii Project Vid #8: Marquette, Michigan Teens Build Mason Bee Houses
www.youtube.com/watch?v=c3MBfV7ION8
Zaagkii Project Butterfly Houses: Keweenaw Bay Indian Community, U.S. Forest Service
www.youtube.com/watch?v=hGQScEI9x7Q
2009 Zaagkii Project Vid #6: "The Butterfly Lady" Susan Payant teaches teens about Monarchs
www.youtube.com/watch?v=JlIgsuTFSuM
2009 Zaagkii Project Vid #5: Terracotta half-life, Marquette, MI band supports environment projects
www.youtube.com/watch?v=JqlFCHwW30o
2009 Zaagkii Video #4: Michigan teens meet 150,000 swarming honeybees with beekeeper Jim Hayward
www.youtube.com/watch?v=U2B4MEzM7w4
2009 Zaagkii Video #3: Michigan teens give away mason bee houses, honor supporters
www.youtube.com/watch?v=dqfWeEgDxTY
2009 Zaagkii Project #2: Historic KBIC native plants greenhouse, USFS protects pollinators
www.youtube.com/watch?v=vg8H5nhvzzc
2009 Zaagkii Project #1: Students make bee houses, plant native species plants
www.youtube.com/watch?v=E8jqJAQyXwE
Zaagkii Project Butterfly Houses: Keweenaw Bay Indian Community, U.S. Forest Service:
www.youtube.com/watch?v=hGQScEI9x7Q
Zaagkii Wings & Seeds Project: Northern Michigan teens, KBIC tribal youth protect pollinators
www.youtube.com/watch?v=VoPJOXHt7pI
Zaagkii Project – Northern Michigan University:
webb.nmu.edu/Centers/NativeAmericanStudies/SiteSections/A...
Native Village stories: Beautiful Layout by Owner Gina Boltz:
Zaagkii Wings and Seeds Project: A Project by Ojibwe Students from the Keweenah Bay Indian Community
www.nativevillage.org/Messages%20from%20the%20People/KBIC...
NMU Students Join Pollinator Protection Initiative
www.nativevillage.org/Messages%20from%20the%20People/KBIC...
KBIC Tribal youth protect pollinators
www.nativevillage.org/Messages%20from%20the%20People/KBIC...
Teens Help with Sweet Nature Project
www.nativevillage.org/Messages%20from%20the%20People/KBIC...
USFS Success Stories:
Restoring Native Plants on the Enchanted Island
www.fs.fed.us/r9/ssrs/story?id=6274
Keweenaw Bay Indian Community Native Plant Greenhouse & Workshop
www.fs.fed.us/r9/ssrs/story?id=5499
Intertribal Nursery Council Annual Meeting a Success
www.fs.fed.us/r9/ssrs/story?id=6276
New Greenhouse for KBIC Restoration
www.fs.fed.us/r9/ssrs/story?id=5336
Zaagkii Wings & Seeds - An Update
www.fs.fed.us/r9/ssrs/story?id=5076
Zaagkii Wings & Seeds Project
www.fs.fed.us/r9/ssrs/story?id=4025
News Stories:
U.P. teens build butterfly houses, grow 26,000 indigenous plants
www.miningjournal.net/page/content.detail/id/519835.html?...
Effort to protect pollinators launched
www.miningjournal.net/page/content.detail/id/512810.html
Marquette Monthly (Sept. 2009):
mmnow.com/mm_archive_folder/09/0909/feature.html
As bees die, Keweena Bay Indian Community adults, teens actively protect pollinators
nativetimes.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=art...
Michigan Teens Build Butterfly Houses and Plant 26,000 Native Plants through the Zaagkii Wings and Seeds Project
www.treehugger.com/culture/michigan-teens-build-butterfly...
Examples of numerous Gather.com articles with lots of photos/videos:
Zaagkii Wings and Seeds Project: Northern Michigan teens and KBIC tribal youth are protecting pollinators by building butterfly houses and planting native plants
www.gather.com/viewArticle.action?articleId=281474977550233
Zaagkii Wings & Seeds Project: Protecting Pollinators
www.gather.com/viewArticle.action?articleId=281474977428640
2009 Zaagkii Project #2: Keweenaw Bay Indian Community in 2010 to build first Native American native species plants greenhouse on tribal property in U.S.
www.gather.com/viewArticle.action?articleId=281474978040745
2009 Zaagkii Project #1: Northern Michigan Teens Protect Pollinators with U.S. Forest Service, Keweenaw Bay Indian Community, NMU Center for Native American Studies: Build mason bee houses, butterfly houses, distribute thousands of native species plants
www.gather.com/viewArticle.action?articleId=281474978040729
Zaagkii Project Internet sites – blogs, photos, videos etc.:
ZaagkiiProject on flickr
www.flickr.com/photos/zaagkiiproject
www.flickr.com/people/zaagkiiproject
Zaagkii on youtube:
Zaagkii on bliptv:
Zaagkii on word press:
Zaagkii on Blogger:
Zaagkii on Photobucket:
Rags explains her former olympian daughter is bronilla resembling songarita mother hair appeared for this love on effect green suit with bell costume goddess ellis for good aqua centolm figure lutine the purple elf ouka nagisa seolla schweizer lamia loveless excellen browning looks on table created the forcefield needles and generators spawned on every location
As the next newspaper article explains, Education Europe led by Karen Hughes needed to raise money for a history class trip to Europe. This Christmas card designed by teacher/artist Colin Edwards in 1972, was sold as a fund-raiser. Few of these cards remain today.
The art gallery at Bon Echo's Greystones Book Store was named the 'Colin Edwards Memorial Art Gallery' in recognition of Colin's talents and volunteerism.
Part of the Richard and Olive Hook Collection.
Note: Commercial use of this image is prohibited without CDHS permission. All CDHS Flickr content is available for personal use providing our Rights Statement is followed:
1. Upload a picture of your nominated doll.
2. You just have to explain why is he/she 'special' and the story behind the mold, not for his/her character but for the doll itself ;)
3. Tag 5~6 flickr contacts! And ask them for one of their dolls~ Try not to repeat a lot XD
I first met Alyssa at Resin Angel's dollmeet. My bf and I fell in love with her at first sight. Before meeting her, I've really thought of owning a Tae/Anais mold. Alyssa just had something captivating about her, I think it's her sweet faceup. It's also very rare that my bf agrees on a doll so quickly. He likes her very much! When we heard that Resin Angels might want to sell her, we decided quickly to buy her (thank you Resin Angels!).
To be honest, I can never capture good photos of Alyssa (which makes me a little sad). So this is a rare occassion ^^; We are still looking for the'perfect' image which will complete her.
Tagging:
Akihoshi - Madren
whipbogard - Sero
bubbledreams - Chiyo
CSaw - Aysa
Hammi - Mayuki
Dad was asked a lot of questions. It was a blast sharing information with the boys who listen to every word. One of the joys of being a parent.
The Membranes performing at the Universe Explained at Gorilla, Manchester, on Saturday 20th July 2013
Now Norwich Arts Centre.
In fact it has been a concert venue since the mid-80s, I can remember coming here several times, last time to see The Primitives do their thang, and supported by a local band, who did Wild Thing as an encore. I found out that the leader of that local band died recently, which is a shame.
It was also here that Richie James carved the word's "4 REAL" into his forearm during an interview with the NME, which brought him and his band, the Manic Street Preachers to national attention.
For me, it is good to see the venue still in use some 20 years after I first attended a gig here, and I was waved through when I explained I wanted to have a look at the old church, disturbing a small piano recital in the lobby, where a small group of people listened as a man played piano. They gently applauded him as one song finished, and I took the chance to nip past.
Very little of the church seems to remain, though there are memorials, and above the roof is still in place.
--------------------------------------------
St Benedict Street has four medieval churches within 250 metres of each other, and there are three more on adjacent Pottergate, so it is no surprise that some of them are surplus to requirements; in fact, all seven are now redundant. St Swithin is one of the smallest, but it was already derelict in the 19th century. The tall, elegant tower, with the porch built directly into its south side, was taken down as unsafe in the 1880s, and the church was closed shortly afterwards. You can see the church before the tower was demolished in the image on the left.
There obviously was a 19th century interior, because above the large west gallery the west window had been filled in, and scriptural texts painted in ribbons, suggesting an evangelical temper to the worship here. It can only have fallen into disuse because of the proximity of so many other churches - there are four others in St Benedict's Street alone.
However, this area was the toughest and grimiest part of industrial Norwich, and in 1905, a young clergyman, John Sawbridge, saw a need for an evangelical presence, probably because of the high Anglo-catholic character of nearby St Lawrence, and he raised the funds for St Swithin to be repaired and restored to use.
Diocesan architect Herbert Green did the job, and built parish mission and school rooms at the east end that still survive today, as we shall see. The ornate bell turret in the 15th century style is also his. He took out the large gallery, replacing it with a smaller one, and opened up the west window. The benches were replaced with modern chairs, a screen being put in to contain the tiny chancel.
However, it couldn't last, and by the Second World War St Swithin was redundant again. It escaped the blitz, despite St Benedict, 200m away, being destroyed. After the war, as with many Norwich churches, St Swithin was left to rot, being used as a furniture warehouse, until it was born again in the 1980s as the Norwich Arts Centre.
A new entrance hall was built in the south-east corner, and the parish rooms have become an exhibition space and restaurant. The church itself is the auditorium. It is all done so well that from the inside that it is hard to tell you are not in a modern building. Inside, very little survives of the Reverend Sawbridge's incarnation, and obviously hardly anything medieval. There are pictures of the modern interior at the bottom of this page.
Unfortunately, the revised edition of Pevsner uses the notes of the first edition to record the screen and a pair of medieval stalls, but in fact nothing remains at all of the internal furnishings.
Norwich Arts Centre is a pleasure to visit, and it is open every day. The staff here are very friendly, and you will be able to step into the auditorium. There is an illusion, as you look towards the stage, that you are facing east, as in the conversion of St Mary-at-the-Wall in Colchester as the Colchester Arts Centre; but here in St Swithin you enter the auditorium through what would have been the sanctuary, and look towards the site of the demolished tower. Looking up above the lighting rig, a Victorian roof survives, a reminder with a scattering of memorials that this was once a church.
In church explorer terms, it is not as well done as Colchester Arts Centre, in the sense that there is little regard for the former incarnation of the building, but this is a good venue for seeing smaller bands (I had been to see The Wedding Present a few days before I took these photos) and in any case, the plaque on the wall at Colchester applies here as well:
This building was intended as a church.
Deconsecrated, it is a church no longer.
One day it will become a ruin.
When it does, it will be the ruin of a church.
When you leave, it is worth wandering down the lane to the west of the church, where the tower used to be. Amazingly, here is a totally rural 16th century cottage, for all the world as if we were in deepest Norfolk, and the ancient street sign Hampshire Hog Yard.
Simon Knott, November 2005
www.norfolkchurches.co.uk/norwichswithin/norwichswithin.htm
----------------------------------------------
This is one of four churches in St Benedict’s Street, and its dedication to St Swithin (the famous rain-making Bishop of Winchester!) indicates it may well have an Anglo-Saxon foundation date. The original church was probably no longer than the one we see today, and its development has been restricted by its site. Rich enough to rebuild the church as it stands in the fifteenth century, and still containing some well-to-do parishioners in the eighteenth, by the nineteenth the parish had become a slum.
The church appears very odd from outside, as there is no tower, and no obvious entrance. The tower became unsafe, and was demolished in 1882, and replaced by the turret. There were porches either side of it, as at St Gregory. Entrance was through the west door.
The windows are of the Decorated style, though those in the clerestorey are square-headed Perpendicular. They show that it is a building of four bays, with no separate chancel. The rood-stair turret on the north side shows the original screen crossed half-way along, giving a chancel and nave of two bays each.
Also on the north side is the Mission Hall, built in 1908, and as large as the church itself. This was the result of a generous benefaction.
Very little remains to be seen. Entry from the Arts Centre is now through the east wall, where the altar once stood.
Of special note are the arcades. That on the north (left as you enter) is a standard Perpendicular structure, with Gothic columns and arches; that on the south was remodelled around 1700 in the Classical style, with square piers and round arches.
All the fittings have been removed. These included an East Anglian ‘lion’ font; a screen which separated off the altar of 1905. This included a projection screen which could be raised and lowered for magic lantern lectures; and an organ, which is now at Heckingham.
The monuments include one to Anne Scottowe, who died in 1650; William Willcocks (died 1770) and Abraham Robertson (died 1777).
Nineteenth century. Closed in 1881, it reopened in 1883, then closed again in 1891, and fell into disrepair. It was thoroughly restored in 1905.
Twentieth century. Although the Hall had enabled it to become the social centre of its parish, falling numbers of residents forced its final closure in 1951. After many years’ use as a furniture store, it became the Norwich Arts Centre in 1980. The church is used as a concert hall, and the Mission Hall contains the restaurant, galleries, and offices.
www.norwich-churches.org/St Swithins/home.shtm
Digital camera sbap of Sacredness
www.flickr.com/photos/psychoactivartz/4536712083/sizes/l/
www.flickr.com/photos/psychoactivartz/4275957066/sizes/l/...
It is da dedication of its use to da pursuit of da Divine ......
.......which renders it a catalyst to worship
...............~~~~~~~~~
"Da inherent imagination and spiritual receptivity is definitely influenced by dis differential chemical endowment.".
Maurice Riodan performing at the Universe Explained at Gorilla, Manchester, on Saturday 20th July 2013
Explain differentiation This third module of the Teaching series we investigate the planning and design of classes. Professor Eamon Murphy of the Department of Social Sciences at Curtin University devotes an entire chapter of Lecturing at University (1998) to emphasise his view that careful planning is the most important aspect of lecturing.
Finally, I'm back. The norovirus got me. Despite a gorgeous sunny weekend, I was no good to anyone...and no where near the camera. :(
But, now that we're on the mend, Phoebe thought she should explain exactly why she needs to use lip balm. (Yep, she's three, and she likes lip balm.) Is this normal?
Normal or not, I'm glad I've documented it!
Happy Sunday...and good health to all!
Cadet Luke Mceachin listens to a Drill Sergeant explain the importance of a hasty fighting position while pulling security at a patrol base during Field Craft Training in Fort Knox, Ky. Hasty fighting positions allow Soldiers to be on high alert for the enemy at all times. July 21, 2021. | Photo by Olivia Van Den Heuvel, CST Public Affairs
Decided to post in full resolution for your enjoyment and readability purposes...
Oh and look carefully - there are three artifacts in this photo!
----------------------
Enjoy this picture of the Insitu ScanEagle UAV. This one helped rescue Captain Phillips in 2009 from Somali pirates by providing from the USS Bainbridge real-time aerial footage of the lifeboat Captain Phillips was kept hostage in.
Decided to post this drone picture on 18 February because the day before, the Washington State House passed drone regulation legislation. If my State Senate passes EHB 2789, the drone industry will dramatically expand in a safe, thoughtful way.
One might like the Insitu website on this fine UAV.
with newspaper mask, hunting trophy, copper spray paint.
As an hommage to Joseph Beuys' performance "How to explain the pictures to the dead hare".
Wie man der Jagdtrophäe die Nachrichten erklärt.
mit Maske aus Zeitungspapier, Jagdtrophäe, Kupferspray.
In Anlehnung an die Performance von Joseph Beuys "Wie man dem toten Hasen die Bilder erklärt"
Making a presentation at the 100th PechaKucha nite at SuperDeluxe, Roppongi. Tame causes quite stir in his running rig. More on this interesting athlete...
Can't explain...
Anything...
Not even how im feeling...
My emotions are so messed up lately...
Im not myself, But sometimes im more than myself.
I don't sleep.
Im just not me, Then who am i?
I act stuck up and mean, But thats not me.
Whats gotten into me...
I need to find myself, But i can't.
I push everyone close to me away...
I need them more than ever rightnow.
sometimes i feel like my heart
is beating extremlyy fast like im having
a heart attack, almost like im dying,
i've been told these are panic attacks
bah i get them most frequently grr
Random Fact: that peace sign headband i wear that almost everyday. :)
It is some years, maybe 5 or more, since we last visited the cathedral in Canterbury. In the spring, I found the entrance to St Augustine's Abbey, so the plan yesterday was to visit them both.
I arrived just after ten, soon after it opened its doors, and was shocked to find that the multi-entry you used to get after paying your entrance fee had been discontinued. When I tried to ask the young man at the ticket office, he wasn't really able to speak much English to explain this to me, repeatedly holding one finger up at me as I asked the questions. £10.50, is not bad, I guess, especially as photography is allowed everywhere, except in the crypt, so I don't mind paying.
The site has been a place of worship probably since Roman times, and in the grounds of St Augustine's, just a short distance away, remains of a 7th century church still remain. What we see now in the cathedral is largely Norman, but with many improvements over the centuries.
-------------------------------------------------
Canterbury Cathedral in Canterbury, Kent, is one of the oldest and most famous Christian structures in England and forms part of a World Heritage Site. It is the cathedral of the Archbishop of Canterbury, leader of the Church of England and symbolic leader of the worldwide Anglican Communion; the archbishop, being suitably occupied with national and international matters, delegates the most of his functions as diocesan bishop to the Bishop suffragan of Dover. Its formal title is the Cathedral and Metropolitical Church of Christ at Canterbury.
Founded in 597, the cathedral was completely rebuilt from 1070 to 1077. The east end was greatly enlarged at the beginning of the twelfth century, and largely rebuilt in the Gothic style following a fire in 1174, with significant eastward extensions to accommodate the flow of pilgrims visiting the shrine of Thomas Becket, the archbishop who was murdered in the cathedral in 1170. The Norman nave and transepts survived until the late fourteenth century, when they were demolished to make way for the present structures.
Christianity had started to become powerful in the Roman Empire around the third century. Following the conversion of Augustine of Hippo in the 4th century, the influence of Christianity grew steadily .[2] The cathedral's first archbishop was Augustine of Canterbury, previously abbot of St. Andrew's Benedictine Abbey in Rome. He was sent by Pope Gregory the Great in 596 as a missionary to the Anglo-Saxons. Augustine founded the cathedral in 597 and dedicated it to Jesus Christ, the Holy Saviour.[3]
Augustine also founded the Abbey of St. Peter and Paul outside the city walls. This was later rededicated to St. Augustine himself and was for many centuries the burial place of the successive archbishops. The abbey is part of the World Heritage Site of Canterbury, along with the cathedral and the ancient Church of St Martin.
Bede recorded that Augustine reused a former Roman church. The oldest remains found during excavations beneath the present nave in 1993 were, however, parts of the foundations of an Anglo-Saxon building, which had been constructed across a Roman road.[5][6] They indicate that the original church consisted of a nave, possibly with a narthex, and side-chapels to the north and south. A smaller subsidiary building was found to the south-west of these foundations.[6] During the ninth or tenth century this church was replaced by a larger structure (49 m. by 23 m.) with a squared west end. It appears to have had a square central tower.[6] The eleventh century chronicler Eadmer, who had known the Saxon cathedral as a boy, wrote that, in its arrangement, it resembled St Peter's in Rome, indicating that it was of basilican form, with an eastern apse.[7]
During the reforms of Dunstan, archbishop from 960 until his death in 988,[8] a Benedictine abbey named Christ Church Priory was added to the cathedral. But the formal establishment as a monastery seems to date only to c.997 and the community only became fully monastic from Lanfranc's time onwards (with monastic constitutions addressed by him to prior Henry). Dunstan was buried on the south side of the high altar.
The cathedral was badly damaged during Danish raids on Canterbury in 1011. The Archbishop, Alphege, was taken hostage by the raiders and eventually killed at Greenwich on 19 April 1012, the first of Canterbury's five martyred archbishops. After this a western apse was added as an oratory of St. Mary, probably during the archbishopric of Lyfing (1013–1020) or Aethelnoth (1020–1038).
The 1993 excavations revealed that the new western apse was polygonal, and flanked by hexagonal towers, forming a westwork. It housed the archbishop's throne, with the altar of St Mary just to the east. At about the same time that the westwork was built, the arcade walls were strengthened and towers added to the eastern corners of the church.
The cathedral was destroyed by fire in 1067, a year after the Norman Conquest. Rebuilding began in 1070 under the first Norman archbishop, Lanfranc (1070–77). He cleared the ruins and reconstructed the cathedral to a design based closely on that of the Abbey of St. Etienne in Caen, where he had previously been abbot, using stone brought from France.[9] The new church, its central axis about 5m south of that of its predecessor,[6] was a cruciform building, with an aisled nave of nine bays, a pair of towers at the west end, aiseless transepts with apsidal chapels, a low crossing tower, and a short choir ending in three apses. It was dedicated in 1077.[10]
The Norman cathedral, after its expansion by Ernulf and Conrad.
Under Lanfranc's successor Anselm, who was twice exiled from England, the responsibility for the rebuilding or improvement of the cathedral's fabric was largely left in the hands of the priors.[11] Following the election of Prior Ernulf in 1096, Lanfranc's inadequate east end was demolished, and replaced with an eastern arm 198 feet long, doubling the length of the cathedral. It was raised above a large and elaborately decorated crypt. Ernulf was succeeded in 1107 by Conrad, who completed the work by 1126.[12] The new choir took the form of a complete church in itself, with its own transepts; the east end was semicircular in plan, with three chapels opening off an ambulatory.[12] A free standing campanile was built on a mound in the cathedral precinct in about 1160.[13]
As with many Romanesque church buildings, the interior of the choir was richly embellished.[14] William of Malmesbury wrote: "Nothing like it could be seen in England either for the light of its glass windows, the gleaming of its marble pavements, or the many-coloured paintings which led the eyes to the panelled ceiling above."[14]
Though named after the sixth century founding archbishop, The Chair of St. Augustine, the ceremonial enthronement chair of the Archbishop of Canterbury, may date from the Norman period. Its first recorded use is in 1205.
Martyrdom of Thomas Becket
Image of Thomas Becket from a stained glass window
The 12th-century choir
A pivotal moment in the history of the cathedral was the murder of the archbishop, Thomas Becket, in the north-west transept (also known as the Martyrdom) on Tuesday, 29 December 1170, by knights of King Henry II. The king had frequent conflicts with the strong-willed Becket and is said to have exclaimed in frustration, "Who will rid me of this turbulent priest?" The knights took it literally and murdered Becket in his own cathedral. Becket was the second of four Archbishops of Canterbury who were murdered (see also Alphege).
The posthumous veneration of Becket made the cathedral a place of pilgrimage. This brought both the need to expand the cathedral and the wealth that made it possible.
Rebuilding of the choir
Tomb of the Black Prince
In September 1174 the choir was severely damaged by fire, necessitating a major reconstruction,[15] the progress of which was recorded in detail by a monk named Gervase.[16] The crypt survived the fire intact,[17] and it was found possible to retain the outer walls of the choir, which were increased in height by 12 feet (3.7 m) in the course of the rebuilding, but with the round-headed form of their windows left unchanged.[18] Everything else was replaced in the new Gothic style, with pointed arches, rib vaulting and flying buttresses. The limestone used was imported from Caen in Normandy, and Purbeck marble was used for the shafting. The choir was back in use by 1180 and in that year the remains of St Dunstan and St Alphege were moved there from the crypt.[19]
The master-mason appointed to rebuild the choir was a Frenchman, William of Sens. Following his injury in a fall from the scaffolding in 1179 he was replaced by one of his former assistants, known as "William the Englishman".
The shrine in the Trinity Chapel was placed directly above Becket's original tomb in the crypt. A marble plinth, raised on columns, supported what an early visitor, Walter of Coventry, described as "a coffin wonderfully wrought of gold and silver, and marvellously adorned with precious gems".[22] Other accounts make clear that the gold was laid over a wooden chest, which in turn contained an iron-bound box holding Becket's remains.[23] Further votive treasures were added to the adornments of the chest over the years, while others were placed on pedestals or beams nearby, or attached to hanging drapery.[24] For much of the time the chest (or "ferotory") was kept concealed by a wooden cover, which would be theatrically raised by ropes once a crowd of pilgrims had gathered.[21][23] Erasmus, who visited in 1512–4, recorded that, once the cover was raised, "the Prior ... pointed out each jewel, telling its name in French, its value, and the name of its donor; for the principal of them were offerings sent by sovereign princes."[25]
The income from pilgrims (such as those portrayed in Geoffrey Chaucer's Canterbury Tales) who visited Becket's shrine, which was regarded as a place of healing, largely paid for the subsequent rebuilding of the cathedral and its associated buildings. This revenue included the profits from the sale of pilgrim badges depicting Becket, his martyrdom, or his shrine.
The shrine was removed in 1538. Henry VIII summoned the dead saint to court to face charges of treason. Having failed to appear, he was found guilty in his absence and the treasures of his shrine were confiscated, carried away in two coffers and twenty-six carts.
Monastic buildings
Cloisters
A bird's-eye view of the cathedral and its monastic buildings, made in about 1165[27] and known as the "waterworks plan" is preserved in the Eadwine Psalter in the library of Trinity College, Cambridge.[28] It shows that Canterbury employed the same general principles of arrangement common to all Benedictine monasteries, although, unusually, the cloister and monastic buildings were to the north, rather than the south of the church. There was a separate chapter-house.[27]
The buildings formed separate groups around the church. Adjoining it, on the north side, stood the cloister and the buildings devoted to the monastic life. To the east and west of these were those devoted to the exercise of hospitality. To the north a large open court divided the monastic buildings from menial ones, such as the stables, granaries, barn, bakehouse, brew house and laundries, inhabited by the lay servants of the establishment. At the greatest possible distance from the church, beyond the precinct of the monastery, was the eleemosynary department. The almonry for the relief of the poor, with a great hall annexed, formed the paupers' hospitium.
The group of buildings devoted to monastic life included two cloisters. The great cloister was surrounded by the buildings essentially connected with the daily life of the monks,-- the church to the south, with the refectory placed as always on the side opposite, the dormitory, raised on a vaulted undercroft, and the chapter-house adjacent, and the lodgings of the cellarer, responsible for providing both monks and guests with food, to the west. A passage under the dormitory lead eastwards to the smaller or infirmary cloister, appropriated to sick and infirm monks.[27]
The hall and chapel of the infirmary extended east of this cloister, resembling in form and arrangement the nave and chancel of an aisled church. Beneath the dormitory, overlooking the green court or herbarium, lay the "pisalis" or "calefactory," the common room of the monks. At its north-east corner access was given from the dormitory to the necessarium, a building in the form of a Norman hall, 145 ft (44 m) long by 25 broad (44.2 m × 7.6 m), containing fifty-five seats. It was constructed with careful regard to hygiene, with a stream of water running through it from end to end.[27]
A second smaller dormitory for the conventual officers ran from east to west. Close to the refectory, but outside the cloisters, were the domestic offices connected with it: to the north, the kitchen, 47 ft (14 m) square (200 m2), with a pyramidal roof, and the kitchen court; to the west, the butteries, pantries, etc. The infirmary had a small kitchen of its own. Opposite the refectory door in the cloister were two lavatories, where the monks washed before and after eating.
[27]
Priors of Christ Church Priory included John of Sittingbourne (elected 1222, previously a monk of the priory) and William Chillenden, (elected 1264, previously monk and treasurer of the priory).[29] The monastery was granted the right to elect their own prior if the seat was vacant by the pope, and — from Gregory IX onwards — the right to a free election (though with the archbishop overseeing their choice). Monks of the priory have included Æthelric I, Æthelric II, Walter d'Eynsham, Reginald fitz Jocelin (admitted as a confrater shortly before his death), Nigel de Longchamps and Ernulf. The monks often put forward candidates for Archbishop of Canterbury, either from among their number or outside, since the archbishop was nominally their abbot, but this could lead to clashes with the king and/or pope should they put forward a different man — examples are the elections of Baldwin of Forde and Thomas Cobham.
Early in the fourteenth century, Prior Eastry erected a stone choir screen and rebuilt the chapter house, and his successor, Prior Oxenden inserted a large five-light window into St Anselm's chapel. [30]
The cathedral was seriously damaged by an earthquake of 1382, losing its bells and campanile.
From the late fourteenth century the nave and transepts were rebuilt, on the Norman foundations in the Perpendicular style under the direction of the noted master mason Henry Yevele.[31] In contrast to the contemporary rebuilding of the nave at Winchester, where much of the existing fabric was retained and remodelled, the piers were entirely removed, and replaced with less bulky Gothic ones, and the old aisle walls completely taken down except for a low "plinth" left on the south side. [32][6] More Norman fabric was retained in the transepts, especially in the east walls,[32] and the old apsidal chapels were not replaced until the mid-15th century.[30] The arches of the new nave arcade were exceptionally high in proportion to the clerestory.[30] The new transepts, aisles and nave were roofed with lierne vaults, enriched with bosses. Most of the work was done during the priorate of Thomas Chillenden (1391–1411): Chillenden also built a new choir screen at the east end of the nave, into which Eastry's existing screen was incorporated.[30] The Norman stone floor of the nave, however survived until its replacement in 1786.
From 1396 the cloisters were repaired and remodelled by Yevele's pupil Stephen Lote who added the lierne vaulting. It was during this period that the wagon-vaulting of the chapter house was created.
A shortage of money, and the priority given to the rebuilding of the cloisters and chapter-house meant that the rebuilding of the west towers was neglected. The south-west tower was not replaced until 1458, and the Norman north-west tower survived until 1834, when it was replaced by a replica of its Perpendicular companion.[30]
In about 1430 the south transept apse was removed to make way for a chapel, founded by Lady Margaret Holland and dedicated to St Michael and All Angels. The north transept apse was replaced by a Lady Chapel, built in 1448–55.[30]
The 235-foot crossing tower was begun in 1433, although preparations had already been made during Chillenden's priorate, when the piers had been reinforced. Further strengthening was found necessary around the beginning of the sixteenth century, when buttressing arches were added under the southern and western tower arches. The tower is often known as the "Angel Steeple", after a gilded angel that once stood on one of its pinnacles.