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Expect the Unexpected
"If you do not expect the unexpected you will not find it, for it is not to be reached by search or trail."
--Heraclitus
A foggy trail near the Locust Street bridge over the Milwaukee River in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
Day 178 of 365
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#fog #photography #landscape #trail
There have been half a dozen John Andersons in my mom’s family over the past 175 years or so, and the photos of them are simply identified as “John B. Anderson.”
Given his military dress, I’d say that this one is the one who was born to Daniel Anderson and Margaret Myers Anderson on December 29, 1846 and died April 10, 1931.
The following letter was written by John Anderson to his grandparents, Mr. and Mrs. George Myers of Bloomfield, Iowa:
Dear Grand Father and Mother,
I, after so long a delay, will endeavor to answer your most welcome letter. I delayed writing for the reason that I was going to have my photograph taken to send to you, but did not get it as soon as I expected. I am still going to school, and will all summer, for I will not be able to work for a good while.
You wished to know my age and height. I am 15 years old, five feet eight inches high and weigh 170 pounds. Was fourteen months and twenty days a prisoner, and have served Uncle Sam ever since I was fourteen years old. Never was sick up to the time I was captured, and never missed a battle or skirmish that was my regiment. I was in till I was taken prisoner. Never was in the guard house and never was on extra duty more than half a dozen times. Never had to pack a rail but twice and never confiscated more than two or three hundred chickens, geese, and turkeys, and one-fourth that number of hogs, pigs and such like. Would not swear that I ever killed a rebel but I have had some very fair shots and it was not my fault if I did not. I can also say that they never killed me, but came very near it I don’t know how often. They found out they could not kill me with a ball and powder, so they thought to starve me to death, but they could not come that, though as near it is agreeable to me. Money cannot hire me to take another such campaign through the southern prisons, but many a poor fellow has starved to death, and who is to blame for it? Not me I know.
I will as you wished it, give you a brief description of my prisoner life while down in Dixie. I was wounded and taken prisoner on the 19th day of September, 1863 at Chickamauga, Ga. I stayed at the rebel General Waltell’s brigade hospital with 40 to 50 other Union prisoners from different regiments till the 8th of October. While there we had as good treatment as could be expected, but no thanks to the Johnnys for it, for two of our own surgeons were there and dressed our wounds and did all they could for us; they were also prisoners but were allowed to remain with us. We went to Atlanta and stayed there for four days. They gave us corn meal and raw beef, and let us shift for ourselves, having nothing to cook in except what the boys happened to have with them. The night we started for Richmond they gave us ten crackers and a piece of meat to last us through. We were eight days on the road, and they had to do without unless they had money. I had ten dollars with me which kept me from suffering till about the middle of December. That is when I could get a chance to buy anything. But some of the boys had no money and they suffered a great deal for something to eat.
We arrived in Richmond on the evening of the 21st and was taken to Libby Prison and drew what they called one days rations, but what our soldiers ate for one meal; and that was the last we could draw until the 23rd. Having kept up without our rations for some time, we were taken to what they called a hospital. It was a tobacco warehouse, and they put us in the third story without blanket, beds or anything else to sleep on, having taken my clothes, haversack, canteen, blanket and rubber. So we had to take the soft side of a board for a bed, with nothing to put over us, for near two weeks. when they gave each one a comfort, and sent each one to prison as soon as they got well enough; but a great many went to their last resting place. I was sent to prison November 10th. The prison was another house; it was very open and the rations for one day were not enough for one meal. I was hungrier after I had eaten my day’s rations than I was before I commenced, and from that till the next day’s rations all you had to do was to guess at the time that you would get out and get enough to eat once more.
We left this prison on the 20th for another one down nearer the river where we stayed till the 12th of December, when they moved us to Danville, Va. and were put into the middle of some kind of buildings, but more open than the others. We stayed there all winter having drawn blankets and clothing before we left Richmond, which was sent through by our government, but the rebels got a good portion of them. Our rations here consisted of corn bread and beef, hardly enough to keep a person alive. We left there for Andersonville, Ga. April 15th and I was satisfied when I saw it. The boys looked as black as Negroes for it was cold weather and they had to burn pitch pine wood, the smoke from which will not easily come off, and they had no soap.
We were put in a stockade of about 25 acres, five of which were not tentable on account of a swamp in the center of it. A branch ran through the grounds which afforded us plenty of water — such as it was. The wall of the stockade consisted of logs about thirty feet long stuck in the ground about five feet. Two gates are on each side of the branch and one outer and one inner gate, and when they brought prisoners in they put them inside the first enclosure and then close the gates before opening the other, so as not to give the prisoners a chance to escape — which had been strongly talked of by some, but was never attempted as the rebel officer said if ever they attempted it they would open their artillery on us and would not cease firing as long as there was a damned Yankee living inside the enclosure. Our rations here were scant and the mortality was great. During the month of August last, there were upwards of 3,000 died from disease, mostly from scurvy. I had the scurvy and my “spunk” was all that saved me. If a person wanted to die, all he had to do was get discouraged and it was all up with him; or a quicker way was to walk over the “dead line.” I have seen many a poor fellow get outside on purpose to get out of his misery. It seemed to me that a guard would rather shoot an unarmed prisoner than to do anything else. I have seen them watching for hours with guns ready to shoot the first man who stepped out of the dead line. We were next taken to Charleston, S.C. on September 10th where we were put in an open field and had artillery bearing on us. Here we could see our shells burst in the city, and they set several houses on fire while we were there.
From Charleston we were sent to Florence, S.C. about the middle of October. All the time we were in Charleston I could not walk a step. I thought I was gone but I began to get better after we left there for Florence.
During all this time, nearly every day there would be a report stated that we would be exchanged immediately, but were as often disappointed, till the last time, when there was about 6,000 from our camp picked out to be exchanged immediately. The worst cases were taken, but I managed to slip out, unobserved, with the rest, but was afraid that I would be taken back, and never felt entirely safe till I was on our own boat in Charleston Harbor. It would have done you good to have heard them cheer the old flag when they saw it. I never felt so happy in my life and I have seen a great many sights for one so young. I do not mind it now, but you could not pile up enough money to induce me to run the same risk again.
John Anderson
__________________
John B. Anderson was written about in the January 2010 issue of The Indiana Legion. I have taken the liberty of copying the article and pasting it below.
JOHN B. ANDERSON CAMP UP AND RUNNING!
John B. Anderson was a lifelong resident of Bartholomew County. He was born at Hartsville, Indiana on December 29, 1846, the son of Daniel and Margaret Anderson, and was one of ten children. The family moved to Elizabethtown, Indiana in his early youth and lived there since.
At the age of fourteen years John enlisted with the 6th Ind. Volunteers Infantry Company G on September 10, 1861, serving four years with that Company.
He was in several engagements including; The Battle of Shiloh, The Siege of Corinth Mississippi, Murfreesboro, Tennessee, Liberty Gap, and Chickamauga, Georgia. During the battle of Chickamauga, John was wounded in the face.
While at Chickamauga he was taken prisoner on September 19, 1863, and was in the following military prisons. Battlefield, Richmond, Virginia, Danville Virginia, Andersonville, Georgia, Charelston, South Carolina, and Florence, South, Carolina.
He was exchanged at Charleston, South Carolina on December 20th, 1864. He arrived home on December 31, 1864 as one had returned from the grave.
He saw continuous action with the 6th Indiana from September 10, 1861 until he was captured on September 19, 1863. John B. Anderson was discharged at Indianapolis on January 23, 1865 at the rank of private.
John B. Anderson was a charter member James Moffatt G.A.R. Post No. 223 at Elizabethtown. He served as Post Commander at the time it was founded on August 12, 1883. Later he served as Quarter-master, and was a leader in the reunions of Company G, and attended each and every reunion until just before he died on April 10, 1931. John was also a member of the I.O.O.F. Lodge and took much active interest in both organizations.
Shortly after the war John and Laura E. Wilson were married and from this union came nine children. Laura E. Anderson died in 1895.
John became a school teacher in the county schools for over forty years in Rock Creek and German Townships. He was also Deputy Auditor, and at one time a member of the Indiana State Board of Accounts.
He is buried in Springer Cemetery along side of his wife Laura E. Anderson. The Springer Cemetery is located six miles southeast of Columbus on U.S. 31.
In attendance at his funeral there were members of the James Moffatt Post of Elizabethtown, the Isham Keith Post No. 13 out of Columbus, and a Spanish-American War Camp.
John had four brothers two of which served in the Civil War. Capt. Eldridge Anderson of Hope, Indiana was a Captain in the 20th Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and was wounded in the leg at the Battle of Gettysburg in 1863. He died on January 1, 1927. Also William H. Anderson was in the First Indiana Heavy Artillery. He died on October 15, 1921.
It's often not the images you expect that suddenly appear in Explore but it's always a nice surprise.
1. Pensive, 2. Prairie Marmot Profile, 3. Tails, 4. Portrait of a Lion, 5. Roots, 6. Olives, 7. First light, 8. Gondolas, St Mark's Basin,
9. Dave & Sommer, 10. Feed Me, 11. Realto Bridge, 12. Phalanopsis on black, 13. An Eeyore moment, 14. Dahlia, 15. Tiny, 16. Mercedes,
17. At it again, mum?, 18. English Lavender, 19. City Hall Colonnade West, 20. Stockholm side street, 21. Stockholm alley, 22. Midnight at Alta, 23. Resting, 24. Oil Beetle,
25. Cruising, 26. Damp Dog, 27. Leonardslee - One of the lakes, 28. Two Feet, 29. Knapweed, 30. Open wide, 31. It's a catch, 32. Stars & Stripes,
33. Reaching out, 34. Anemone alba, 35. Easter Egg, 36. View of Horton Kirby, 37. Whoopee..., 38. Submerged, 39. Backlit Blackthorn, 40. A Fading Rose,
41. Brac photographic portrait, 42. Manic dog inbound 2, 43. Shrugging off winter, 44. Brac re-modelled, 45. Sleepy Morning in the Forest, 46. Pearls on a Peony, 47. Fuschia, 48. Success,
49. Brac Christmas card, 50. Santa Paws !, 51. Forgotten summer, 52. Zak in Black, 53. Crater, 54. Reach for the Sky, 55. Tangerine Dream, 56. Attention!,
57. Zebra, 58. Feathers, 59. Ben, 60. Reflections, 61. Calla Lily, 62. Water lilies, 63. Hautes Pyrenees, 64. Beyond beauty,
65. Dryopteris filixmas leaf, 66. Helianthus annuus Teddy Bear 1, 67. Emergence, 68. Papaver Orientalis 2, 69. Decadence, 70. You called ?, 71. Pink Rose Bud, 72. Red Boat,
73. Red rose, 74. DSC01476a, 75. The long walk, 76. Sunset at Southend, 77. Lotus, 78. Crocus sativus
Created with fd's Flickr Toys.
Kids blew up their balloons, and stood in the middle of the street to greet the parade coming this way....
This picture gets more views than I ever expected. I must state I’m not a credentialed expert in botany or orchid identification; I just do my best with the information I get from online research, much of which is confusing and seems contradictory to me. Anyone who wishes to correct me is very welcome to add a comment.
These two species, I believe, are Enc. edithiana (left) & Enc. maderoi (right); they are sitting in the same spot in each photo. It seems to me that the flowers may be similar, but the plants are different in size (maderoi is larger), shape (edithiana’s pseudobulbs are rounder). My edithiana still has not yet bloomed despite growing fairly well for me for 3+ years, but I’m confident in its ID because Francisco Miranda, from whom I bought it, had it labelled as such.
As you'd expect, I climbed up to the top of the viaduct in order to get some photos of a viaduct that I can't imagine many people have ever wanted to photograph. The only awkward part was crossing a drainage culvert on the underside of the structure and crossing both lanes of the A9 in order to get onto the western side of the viaduct.
I happen to think this is an amazing piece of work and it's always one of my journey highlights when I'm driving up north. With that said, I doubt most people even realise they are driving over a viaduct when they are passing over Killiecrankie.
I took quite a few photographs of this scene (about five minutes later it poured with rain - I doubt that'll come as a surprise if you look at the sky) and in the end, I settled with the portrait version due to how well it conveys the height of the viaduct, which is considerably higher on it's western side compared with it's eastern side. This is due to the fact that it's built right along the steep slopes of the gorge. I was also toying with the idea of an alternative version of this scene because the fellow SABRE members also provide a good feeling for the viaduct's height.
Ms Goody Cupcake, 1838 East Passyunk Avenue Philadelphia makes custom cakes in any shape, size, color or theme. Wedding, birthday, cake, sports, handyman, anniversary, first birthday, diaper bag, Disney, Barbie, Father's Day, Mother's Day, more. www.msgoodycupcake.com
Expected to be complete in the fall of 2020, the first phase, which broke ground in October 2018, will again bring a variety of businesses to the site. Expected to cost about $225 million it will include 306 luxury apartments, 196-room boutique hotel, a 1,100 space parking garage, 40,000 square feet devoted to retail, food and beverage and 80,000 square feet of Class A office space. Full build-out of the development will be done by 2026
"For some minutes the caterpillar puffed away without speaking, but at last it unfolded it's arms, took the hookah out of it's mouth again and said, "So you think you're changed, do you?" I'm afraid I am sir, said Alice: "I can't remember things as I used - and I don't keep the same size for ten minutes together!" Can't remember what things,?" said the caterpillar."
Lewis Carrol -- Alice in Wonderland
....interprete this as you may, although I might expect that some might find it a smidge too existential.
We never expect to watch the president of Colombia and the chief of the FARC together in one stage asking for peace. We never expect that the whole world were asking for just one word...peace.
We were so close to the ceremony, in the middle of the Old Town of Cartagena. The people were dressed in white, celebrating and living in a dream. We cheer, we shout, we celebrate....together we were one
Many days after that night the country said "No". There are many explanations but the best one is to said that the country wants a better agreement. Is not a "no" but maybe a "not like this"
On Saturday, May 15th, we celebrated 100 new and expecting military parents in Silverdale, WA! The sun was shining bright, and it was the perfect day to distribute diaper bags filled with goodies, diaper cakes, “for mom” items, and many more surprises. Walmart employees volunteered their time to pack and distribute items and congratulate the new mothers, which made this event truly special. This event would not have been possible without the generosity of all our sponsors. THANK YOU to Kendall Ford of Marysville, Walmart, P&G, Navy Federal Credit Union – Bremerton Branch, Modern Burlap, Kiinde, MAM, Project Linus, Manhattan Toy, United Through Reading, and Thrive Causemetics. Finally, thank you to all the military families for the sacrifices you make each day to keep this country safe. We are so grateful for all you do!
As expected, the winter storm has brought several inches of snow to our region and more is forecast today. The windy weather has caused outages around our service area, primarily in South and East King County especially the Enumclaw and Snoqualmie areas.
We are expecting some weather tonight in Morongo Valley.
© Allen Rockwell 2007 www.allenrockwellphoto.com
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I was expecting to get more photos of these dinosaur featured characters, however they were fast and hard to take photos of. I collected a small set of photos of these scaly friends to share.
Click her to view other photos I took in Curacao Dutch Antilles
Click here to see the top 10 photos you and other flickr members find the most interesting Your Most Interesting Photos
Click here to see top 10 pictures you and other Flickr members viewed the most out of the over 2000 photos that I have posted on Flickr click Your Most Viewed Photos.
Click here to see photos featured on Explore
Most of these photos, for the exception of the Willemstad photos, were take at or around the Santa Barbara Beach and Golf resort. For more information on this resort go to www.santabarbararesortcuracao.com/ . This is one fo the top five islands in Caribbean it is especially popular for snorkelers and divers because it boasts of 100m of visibility in their emerald blue waters. It is 25 miles from the coast of Venezuala and one of the ABC islands (Aruba, Bonaire and Curacao) The landscape is beautiful but rugged full of thick brush and cactus. The temperature (in November) was close to 90 degrees F each day I was there. The capital city, Willemstad, is rich with history with fort walls and cannons protecting its coastline. The buildings are colorful and rich with the Dutch influenced architecture. For more information on this island to to www.curacao.com/ or en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cura%C3%A7ao
P_L_A_Y~N_O_W_:][[ j.mp/1QIwRV5
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Synopsis : With the nation of Panem in a full scale war, Katniss confronts President Snow in the final showdown. Teamed with a group of her closest friends – including Gale, Finnick, and Peeta – Katniss goes off on a mission with the unit from District 13 as they risk their lives to stage an assassination attempt on President Snow who has become increasingly obsessed with destroying her. The mortal traps, enemies, and moral choices that await Katniss will challenge her more than any arena she faced in The Hunger Games.
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found paint spray on the floor which looks like a man with a big belly? or a Gerald Scarfe painting?
These are my personal notes taken during a geology presentation. I give them here because they may be of some interest. Do not expect them to always be in complete sentences, etc.
-----------------------------------
The Chengjiang Lagerstätte and the Cambrian Explosion: New Discoveries from China about the Early Evolution of Life
Presented by: Loren Babcock (Department of Geological Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA) (earthsciences.osu.edu/people/babcock.5)
12 May 1998
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[Note: this talk presents the then-current understanding of the Chengjiang fossil deposit - much information has since been revised.]
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The Chengjiang is emerging as one of the most important lagerstätten on Earth. (photos.wikimapia.org/p/00/00/87/86/15_big.jpg) It dates to the latter stages of the Cambrian Explosion. It is 540-535/536 million years old - not a well constrained age. The Chengjiang is one of the few lagerstätten that represents a point within the Cambrian Explosion. The Burgess Shale has widely been heralded as representing the Cambrian Explosion, but it isn’t - there is at least one major extinction between the Cambrian Explosion and the Burgess Shale.
The Cambrian is not the time of the first appearance of organisms, or even metazoans and metaphytes. Life starts at 3.55 billion years ago with procaryotes and eucaryotes at 2.1 billion years. At 1.2 billion years, one sees the first multicellular algae. Cnidarians and sponges are present before the Cambrian. Ediacaran organisms (570-650 million years old) are also around before the Cambrian. (www.flickr.com/photos/jsjgeology/albums/72157647055182319) Evolutionary connections among these Precambrian life forms are unclear. At the Precambrian-Cambrian boundary is a dramatic appearance of most major clades of organisms (>95% of creatures today appeared at the Precambrian-Cambrian boundary). At the Precambrian-Cambrian boundary, there is dramatic evidence that multicellular organisms were active all over the Earth - lots of trace fossils. The boundary is defined by a trace fossil, Phycodes pedum. (geokogud.info/git/specimen_image/181/preview/181-1.jpg)
Small shelly fossils (SSFs) became abundant after the PC-C boundary. (palaeo.gly.bris.ac.uk/Palaeofiles/Cambrian/fossils/ssf/ss...) They represent disarticulated sclerites worn by organisms with many types of sclerites. In South China, ~100-150 meters above the PC-C boundary (not sure how much above, though - the PC-C boundary is unclear - lots of faulting and unconformities) is a fairly typical Cambrian assemblage - trilobites (mineralized), brachiopods, sponge spicules, echinoderms (rare), hyoliths, and molluscs - a low diversity assemblage. Apart from Burgess Shale and Chengjiang, the Cambrian Explosion would be relatively little known. Lagerstätten are deposits of exceptional preservation - nonmineralized cuticle is common, and gut contents are less common.
The Burgess Shale is famous - ~515-520 million years old (= 15-20 million years after the Cambrian Explosion) - known from a series of middle Middle Cambrian sites in British Columbia, Canada, in Yoho National Park. Lots of trilobites (student.societyforscience.org/sites/student.societyforsci...), brachiopods (www.museumwales.ac.uk/media/7869/thumb_480/popov-5.jpg), and non-shell-bearing organisms. Internal soft part-bearing organisms are celebrated. The mode of preservation of the Burgess Shale is unknown. There's legs with cuticle on trilobites (like Olenoides - www.trilobites.info/Olenoides.jpg). How this leg cuticle got preserved is unknown. Work on Chengjiang helps to understand the mode of preservation. The Burgess Shale has been metamorphosed, destroying the original signature. Why are Burgess Shale-type biotas important? They have nonmineralized creatures (+ internal soft parts/organs) preserved - they tell us about body organization; they preserve for us a record that is more complete than most rocks show. There are 5-6 clades of typical Cambrian creatures. A Burgess Shale-type deposit has >15-20 major clades of creatures. Also, they are important because they are in an important interval in Earth history. At least, they are at times close to the Cambrian Explosion.
Where are Burgess Shale-type biotas found? About two dozen sites have been found in the Cambrian. The Burgess Shale is along the Cordilleran margin of Laurentia. The Cordilleran margin has yielded ~20 or so Burgess Shale-type deposits. Most other Cambrian Burgess Shale-type deposits are from Gondwana. The Chengjiang is on the Yangtze Platform, on the edge of Gondwana. The Cambrian was a time of fairly dramatic sea level (eustatic) rise. There are two good Lower Cambrian lagerstätten - Sirius Passet (a Laurentian deposit in North Greenland - now thought to be older than Chengjiang, but less diverse) and Chengjiang.
Chengjiang deposit - a series of Early Cambrian sites (a dozen or so sites) in Yunnan, China. ~535 million years old at the top & ~540 million years old at the bottom (an overestimate?). Shelly & non-shelly creatures are there, many with soft parts preserved. Chengjiang stratigraphy - has been revised; the lithostratigraphy and allostratigraphy has now been worked out. Lots of unconformities (most previously unrecognized) and faulting make understanding the stratigraphy difficult. Some ages have been revised as well. Have also revised the Proterozoic part of the stratigraphy.
Chengjiang deposit - yellow shales, some siltstone/sandstone in the Yuanshan Member of Heilinpu Formation. The Chengjiang can be characterized as the entire Yuanshan Member, or as pods/lentils within the Yuanshan Member. Preserved soft parts are 1-2 meters above the first trilobites on Earth, and 200 meters above the first small shelly fossils in China. Where that relates to the Avalonian section is unknown: no more than 400 meters above, no less than 200 meters above. The Chengjiang is before the 1st archaeocyathans in the Chinese sections. The Chengjiang is known from a number of localities, but the best is the original locality - Maotianshan (“hat-shaped mountain”). Conditions are often rainy there, making field work difficult. The hillside is pretty much cleared off. There are phosphate mines in the Meishucunian in the area [= Meishucun Stage, lower Lower Cambrian]. Material weathers very quickly - the shale weathers to mud in the rain before your eyes.
Depositional environment of the Chengjiang - originally based on the Burgess Shale - thought to be an anoxic basin adjacent to the base of the Cathedral Reef, where fossils were washed down by slumps, where they were stunned, buried, and preserved. This model has been applied to all other Cambrian lagerstätten. However, the Burgess Shale model jives with its geologic evidence. It doesn’t really apply elsewhere. The model has been applied to Chengjiang. Interpretation - creatures living in shallow, nearshore setting & washed downslope into a deeper anoxic area like Burgess Shale. So, inferring turbidites.
Matrix of Chengjiang samples - not black shale. A black shale unit does exist subjacent to the Yuanshan Member - it is lower in the Heilinpu Formation - there no exceptionally preserved fossils there - only a few pelagic trilobites. So, the black shale model doesn’t work with Chengjiang. Chengjiang has pinstripe bedding - like tidal rhythmites - combine that with a setting in a shallow marine platform, with occasional evidence of fluvial/flood deposits entering the main basin. Some bacteria look like they were desiccated and rewashed out. Deposited in a tidally influenced setting, it is concluded - lagoonal, estuarine - this explains the strange faunal variation from one locality to the next. A couple of supratidal areas? Areas of fluctuating salinity - why they were preserved - get hard part remains like trilobites + nonmineralized organisms (including appendages).
Trilobites are preserved as internal molds of once-calcitic skeletons. Other soft bodied creatures are whole body fossils - have been phosphatized (fluorapatite). So, Cambrian (& Pennsylvanian) lagerstätten are preserved because of thin phosphatic deposition (7-10 days to three weeks after death). Can get phosphatization if salinity fluctuations knock out bacterial biodegraders and scavengers. Saltwater creatures decay slowly in freshwater and vice versa. Saltwater creatures decay quickly in saltwater and vice versa.
Chengjiang creatures - some are Proterozoic holdovers (like spiral bluegreen bacteria). The overall composition of creatures at Chengjiang (we have a census of >3000 specimens) - arthropods dominate the biota. The next most abundant group (~30% of the biota) is bacteria & algae remains, talhough it is difficult to quantify broken thalli and clumps of organisms. Everything else (including “typical” Cambrian creatures) is <3% of the Chengjiang biota. Arthropods dominated the living Chengjiang communities, just like today. Arthropods today are 90-95% of all animals on Earth, in terms of number of species. New arthropods are constantly being described from Chengjiang. Most organisms (including hard-part fossils) are not abundant.
Nonmineralized creatures (97% of biota) - they stand almost no chance of being preserved under normal conditions. So, 97% of a Cambrian community doesn't normally get preserved.
Holdover from the Proterozoic - there is one type of frond-like/seapen-like fossil similar to Charniodiscus (paleontology.edwardtbabinski.us/vendian/ediacaran_fossil.jpg). If it is related to Charniodiscus, it is clear that there were Ediacaran holdovers. The Chengjiang frond-like fossil was found near the top of the Chengjiang zone - one specimen was found lying atop a trilobite sclerite.
Sponges are common - clearly holdovers from the Proterozoic. Proterozoic sponges are known.
One mollusc specimen - the earliest mollusc on Earth.
Nonmineralized animals - worms (priapulids with everted heads & have sediment-filled guts), arthropods. Arthropods include large bivalved things, naraoiids ("soft-bodied trilobites" - a bit strange; have walking appendages, gills, gut tract, attachment points for muscles for legs), earliest chelicerate (possibly) - a primitive scorpion? No definitive chelicerates are known before in the Cambrian. In the Burgess Shale, there is one chelicerate, but it is a bit problematic - that one lacks chelicerae. The Chengjiang has a chelicerae-bearing arthropod. Chengjiang also has an early chordate, according to some (Yunnanozoon - palaeo-electronica.org/2000_1/fossils/images/fig_6a.jpg) - it is an early protochordate according to some researchers, but a hemichordate according to others. There are also strange things - Eldonia pineapple rings - strange (www.fossilmuseum.net/Fossil_Sites/Chengjiang/Eldonia-eumo...). Also anomalocaridids - large, with ferocious mouth parts - 3 meters long. (lejournal.cnrs.fr/sites/default/files/styles/lightbox-hd/...)
Chengjiang tells us that the Cambrian Explosion was very rapid - more rapid than previously thought. Major body plans appeared early. There was considerable body plan experimentation (most went extinct). Predation was an important factor. Complex nervous systems developed early.
Sea pen interpretation - the problem is we never see soft parts. We never see a single tentacle from these, despite fossil hydroids having them in the Mazon Creek Lagerstätte. Ediacaran holdovers in the Chengjiang are in the bases of tempestites, not in the shales.
The Chengjiang stuff is all obviously transported (parautochthonous). We don’t know whether they were alive or dead when transported.
There are laterally adjacent fluvial deposits. Some sandstones near the top of these sections are channels.
Often a kneejerk reaction: lagerstätten imply anoxic basins. But, this doesn’t work at Chengjiang.
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I never expected Goodwill to need their own garbage truck, but I guess they needed one... makes you wonder how much "garbage" gets donated, that can't be reused.
See a video of this truck in action here:
www.youtube.com/watch?v=urURh56iEtw
Owned by: Goodwill Industries International in Tampa, Florida
Chassis: Peterbilt 320
Body manufacturer: Unknown
Type of truck: Roll-off garbage truck
Additional notes:
Location of photo: Hillsborough County, FL
If you want to use this image, ask permission PRIOR to use. Don't be a thief - under most circumstances, I'm quite reasonable.
Copyright 2010 - Alan B.
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