execution photos on Flickr

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Den of Imagination - Your Miniature Painting Service

We are a registered studio in Torun, Poland. We have been in line of work since 2008. Our still growing staff of painters and sculptors is ready to work on any project you can imagine!

We are credible, solid and reliable. We work best with large commissions and we guarantee fast service.

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Strategy and Execution - Special Management Program with Verne Harnish - Dec 2010 - Mumbai by Knowledge Capital

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Kind of grinding by Afkar Ansar

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execution by Feroze

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"The Execution" by Orin Zebest

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"Hon, how you figure they get that head to come off and on like they do?"

Strategy and Execution - Special Management Program with Verne Harnish - Dec 2010 - Mumbai

Execution Ceremonies Thomas J Clarke Stonebreakers Yard, Kilmainham Gaol (17) by Óglaigh na hÉireann

Den of Imagination - Your Miniature Painting Service

We are a registered studio in Torun, Poland. We have been in line of work since 2008. Our still growing staff of painters and sculptors is ready to work on any project you can imagine!

We are credible, solid and reliable. We work best with large commissions and we guarantee fast service.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

democracystreet.blogspot.co.uk/2007/10/dignified-divorce....

INSTAGRAM: instagram.com/doiphoto/

executions series by hernâni

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work

thunder (execution) - backengaged by juecifer

Execution of a car by Simon Baddeley

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It's been hanging over a day, suspended above a deserted yard in Winson Green.

democracystreet.blogspot.co.uk/2012/07/canadian-odyssey.html

Executions by Terry Freedman

London

Execution by R~P~M

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The execution shed at Bodmin Gaol, Cornwall. 22nd August 2015.

Copperplate engraving of execution of Louis XVI, by Georg Heinrich Sieveking by History Stack

Copperplate engraving of execution of Louis XVI, by Georg Heinrich Sieveking

More events in 1793

The Execution III by Kaycee Nightfire

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I couldn't bare to watch :-)

Stop Execution by Dariush Rad

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You Are Watching a Hanged man!

Den of Imagination - Your Miniature Painting Service

We are a registered studio in Torun, Poland. We have been in line of work since 2008. Our still growing staff of painters and sculptors is ready to work on any project you can imagine!

We are credible, solid and reliable. We work best with large commissions and we guarantee fast service.

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Execution of Phillopino Insurrecto Captain by the 3rd Inf, Co's B and D at San Fernando, Pampanga, P.I. by Presidential Museum and Library PH (2010-2016)

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SERIALS- THE EXECUTION by Irving Paul Pereira

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SERIALS: THE EXECUTION

20" x 30 "

Aerosol + Acrylic on Canvas

"Interior information told me once I was a serial sexual predator and killer in my past life. I was never caught. I came into this lifetime wanting to be a cop. Perhaps, to balance things out, perhaps out of remorse and guilt.

I'm not a cop now. I'm a poet. I'm a painter. I practice magick. Perhaps, it is good that I don't need to repeat the life i had before. I keep things safe with fantasies. Or are they memories? I get thrilled and excited when I think i'm on the hunt. I look at strangers and I know exactly what I want to do with them. But I do not.

I write, I paint, I fantasize.

These things keep me safe and distanced from a very old itch, or at least that is what I believe. Perhaps, these things keep other people safe, from a deep and possible part of another me.

SERIALS attempts to capture this side of me, for whatever it's worth."

Pereira Irving Paul, March 2014

Hundreds picket; chain themselves at Lincoln Memorial: 1951 by Washington Area Spark

Several hundred protesters against the pending execution of Willie McGee picket in front of the Lincoln Memorial while other protesters chain themselves to the columns May 6, 1951.

McGee was facing execution after being convicted of the rape of a white women in 1945 in Mississippi.

He was the subject of a six-year campaign by the Civil Rights Congress involving demonstrations, letters and petitions from around the world and legal maneuvering that brought attention to the routinely imposed death penalty on black men charged with raping white women.

The campaign resulted in two re-trials and numerous stays of execution, but McGee was ultimately executed May 8, 1951, two days after this demonstration.

McGee wrote to his wife the night before his execution, “Tell the people the real reason they are going to take my life is to keep the Negro down.... They can't do this if you and the children keep on fighting. Never forget to tell them why they killed their daddy. I know you won't fail me. Tell the people to keep on fighting. Your truly husband, Will McGee.

For more information and related images, see flic.kr/s/aHsk2FV8xQ

The photographer is unknown. The image is courtesy of Fight for Racial Justice and the Civil Rights Congress: Papers of the Civil Rights Congress. New York Public Library. Archives Unbound.

(Photo courtesy of Philippine-American War website written and compiled by Arnaldo Dumindin)

Smithfield - famous place of execution by little_miss_sunnydale

In the sixteenth-century Smithfield was an open area mainly used as a market for cattle and horses. Yet it was also the setting for executions, used so since the reign of Henry I.

A number of individuals accused of heresy were burnt at the stake here. During Henry VIII’s reign, both radical reformers and Catholics loyal to the Pope were sent to die in agonising ways at Smithfield. This included the Franciscan friar John Forest, who refused to recognise the royal supremacy, and was subsequently hanged by chains and had a fire light underneath him in May 1538. His execution was witnessed by thousands of people; the archbishop of Canterbury, Thomas Cranmer, and the Henrician minister Thomas Cromwell, were amongst the crowd. Anne Askew was burnt here for heresy in 1546; she had been tortured on the rack so extensively that she could no longer stand unaided.

Two executions for heresy occurred during Edward VI’s reign though only one, George Van Parris, died at Smithfield.

The executions that occurred during the reign of Mary I at Smithfield tend to be the most remembered. The phrase the ‘fires of Smithfield’, popularly used, specifically referred to the Marian martyrs. Seven Protestants were burnt at the stake here, including John Rogers, John Cardmaker, John Bradford, John Philpot, Thomas Tompkins, John Warne and John Leafe. Rogers was the first protestant to be sent to the stake during Mary’s reign, and his courageous example was regarded as inspirational by supporters. Offered a pardon at the execution, Rogers refused, told the crowd to be unwavering in their faith, was tied to the stake and the fire lit. Whilst the flames consumed his body he allegedly ‘washed his hands in the flame’ (Foxe, Acts and Monuments) until it covered his whole body; a symbolic act of washing away the sins. A plaque commemorating the Marian martyrs can be found on the site.

Girls Near Washing Line in Holland. And the Execution of a Diplomat. by pepandtim

The Postcard

A Photochromie Series postcard that was published by D & N. The card was posted in Blackburn on Tuesday the 5th. July 1910 to:

Mr. J. Laytham,

243, Avenue Parade,

Accrington.

The message on the divided back of the card was as follows:

"My Dear John,

We all wish you a Happy

Birthday. May the year be

one full of luck to you.

Put me among the P.T.O.

Has Eth got the piggies

done?

Love to the Bairnie.

A".

Aftermath of the Johnson-Jeffries Boxing Match

So what else happened on the day that the card was posted?

Well, to set the scene it is necessary to relate what happened the day before, Monday the 4th. July 1910.

In one of the most eagerly anticipated boxing matches of all time, the first African-American challenger for the World Heavyweight Championship of boxing, Jack Johnson defeated the man whom writer Jack London described as:

"The chosen representative of the

white race, and this time the greatest

of them".

Johnson took the crown from heavyweight champion James J. Jeffries in the fifteenth round of their bout in Reno, Nevada. One hour and 14 rounds after the fight began at 1:30 pm PST, Jeffries - who boasted that he had never been knocked down in a fight - fell three times to Johnson's punches, and was being counted out when his manager called the fight.

A crowd of 18,020 attended, and telegraphed reports were followed across the nation. Johnson and Jeffries both made over $100,000 from the purse, bonuses, and the sale of film rights.

On Tuesday the 5th. July 1910, cities across America prohibited the exhibition of films of the Johnson-Jeffries bout, after at least ten people had been killed in the racial violence that followed the fight.

Bans were implemented in Washington, Atlanta, Baltimore, St. Louis and Cincinnati.

At Ogden, Utah, three white men cursed Johnson at a railway station and attempted to board his private train car, before being turned back by one of Johnson's trainers.

In Washington, police arrested 236 people, mostly African-American.

The Execution of Wilhelm Beckert

Also on that day, Wilhelm Beckert, formerly Germany's Minister to Chile, was executed by a firing squad in Santiago after his conviction for the 5th. February 1909 murder of a Chilean employee.

Beckert, who had embezzled embassy funds and set fire to the building in hopes of covering up his crime, was tried in a Chilean court after the German government waived objections to his trial.

scary midnight mind killer_08 by Mohammed A. Hassan

Execution IX

execution ground by netzanette

Visited an old execution ground

Warehouse Execution Software-Introduction & Functions by gray orange

Since the automation emergence, the demand for warehouse execution software is at its peak. This solution is not only available at affordable rates but also can improve the efficiency, productivity, and safety within the environment.

execution on mars by alev adil

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mind-controlled by boas unk murders his best friend stony

Monument at the Luneta Park Light & Sound Museum depicting the Execution of José Rizal by Keith Kelly

José Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda was a Filipino nationalist and reformist. He was the most prominent advocate for reform in the Philippines during the Spanish colonial era, which made him one of the Philippines greatest national heroes. He was wrongly accused of being the leader of the Katipunan Revolution. This false charge led to his execution on December 30, 1896. December 30th is now celebrated as Rizal Day in the Philippines.

Den of Imagination - Your Miniature Painting Service

We are a registered studio in Torun, Poland. We have been in line of work since 2008. Our still growing staff of painters and sculptors is ready to work on any project you can imagine!

We are credible, solid and reliable. We work best with large commissions and we guarantee fast service.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Strategy and Execution - Special Management Program with Verne Harnish - Dec 2010 - Mumbai by Knowledge Capital

INSTAGRAM: instagram.com/doiphoto/

Survivor of the Khmer Rouge, Pol pot regime in Cambodia. by One more shot Rog

Chum Mey (born c. 1930) is one of only seven known adult survivors of the Khmer Rouge imprisonment in the S-21 Tuol Sleng camp, where 20,000 Cambodians were sent for execution. He survived two years of torture and fear in a Khmer Rouge death camp, sustained by thoughts of his pregnant wife and unborn child. His life was only spared because of his high level of competence in machine repairing for Pol Pot's soldiers.

Marched at gunpoint into the provinces by his fleeing Khmer Rouge jailers following the Vietnamese invasion, he had a chance encounter with his wife and the young son who was born a few weeks after he was sent to the infamous Tuol Sleng prison in early 1977.

For two days they travelled together to an isolated hamlet with a group of other prisoners. On the second evening, as the family rested beside a pagoda, the guards ordered them to walk into a rice field before suddenly opening fire with their AK-47 assault rifles.

"First they shot my wife, who was marching in front with the other women," he said. "She screamed to me, 'Please run, they are killing me now'. I heard my son crying and then they fired again, killing him. When I sleep, I still see their faces, and every day I still think of them"

Chum Mey later remarried and had 6 children, 3 sons and 3 daughters.

In 2003 he appeared in the Rithy Panh documentary S-21: The Khmer Rouge Killing Machine along with Cambodian artist Vann Nath where they were reunited and revisited the former prison, now known as the Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum in Phnom Penh. They meet their former captors – guards, interrogators, a doctor and a photographer – many of whom were barely teenagers during the Khmer Rouge era from 1975 to 1979. Their appearances are in stark contrast to the two former prisoners, who are both elderly men. Vann Nath, who was made to paint portraits of prisoners, has a full head of white hair.

The guards and interrogators gave a tour of the museum, re-enacting their treatment of the prisoners and daily regimens. They looked over the prison's detailed records, including photographs, to refresh their memories.

Chum Mey giving evidence at the Khmer Rouge Tribunal, 30 June 2009

In 2009, he gave evidence at the Khmer Rouge Tribunal, the trial of surviving leaders of the Khmer Rouge regime. On 9 November 2014 Mey appeared on BBC's The Mekong River with Sue Perkins.

Execution by John Jewell

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Dran- Public Execution by unusualimage

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35 Brewer St. Soho London W1

thunder (execution) - back by juecifer

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Execution Spot by Alexander Nilssen

The place where executions where carried out in Ravensbruck.

Strategy and Execution - Special Management Program with Verne Harnish - Dec 2010 - Mumbai

Praha, České republiky (the art of very historical buildings of Prague), Staroměstské náměstí (Staroměstská radnice/Old Town Hall/Altstädter Rathaus) by alfred lex

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Execution on the Old Town Square 21. 6. 1621

23-06-2001 | Olaf Barth, Katrin Bock

Olaf Barth and Katrin Bock now take a look at the events that took place on the Old Town Square 380 years ago.

Execution on the Old Town Square 21. 6. 1621

If you have ever been to Prague, you may have noticed the 27 crosses which have been embedded into the pavement at the foot of the Old Town Town Hall. Perhaps you have wondered about their origin. Well, in the following minutes you will learn more about the context of these crosses. First of all, listen to the Czech writer Alois Jirasek portraying the events at the end of the 19th century in one of his stories:

"In the night of 20 to 21 June 1621, fear and grief prevailed everywhere in Prague, and the roads had become like deserted, for on Prague restrictions had been imposed. Only the clash of the weapons and the heavy steps of foreign soldiers broke through the oppressive silence. On the Old Town Square there was a lot of activity, and boards and beams were unloaded from wagons and carried to the middle of the place, where a scaffold grew by the flickering light of numerous torches. By daybreak a gallows covered with red cloth was towering. At sunrise fulminated a cannon cracker showing that the execution had to begin. On the scaffold dark hooded people were visible, the assistents of the executioner and the gravedigger. Finally, the executioner, Jan Mydláø, also appeared. Immediately the imperial judges took their seats, and the names of the twenty-seven death-condemned noblemen were exclaimed. While foreign soldiers were drumming in the streets of Prague, in the houses people of Prague prayed for their faithful, the 27 men who were either beheaded or hanged at the same time. It is reported that once a year, always in the night from the 20th to the 21st of June, the noblemen and citizens appear on the Old Town Square. Silently they walk over the square to the church, where, kneeling before the altar, they receive the Last Supper in both forms. And as silently as they have come they disappear again."

The Hradschin 1618, in the year of the window-lintel (contemporary engraving)

So far the Czech writer Alois Jirasek about the events of that night 380 years ago, when the leaders of the insurrection of the Estates against the Catholic Habsburgs were judged. 27 nobles, gentlemen and citizens, Czechs and Germans, Protestants and a Catholic then left their lives. They were punished for having joined an uprising against the legal Habsburg emperor which had a religious background, for the Emperor had previously tried to restrict the freedom of religion which had been in force in the Bohemian lands since the middle of the fifteenth century. The revolt had begun on May 23, 1618, with the famous Prague defenestration, and ended with the battle Battle of White Mountain in November 1620, for the Czechs still today a national trauma. In that battle before the gates of Prague the army of the Catholic Habsburgs the Protestant Estates had utterly vanquished. What followed was a relentless persecution of all insurgents, regardless of their social position or nationality. Emperor Ferdinand II used his military victory to strengthen his position in the rebellious Bohemian lands, to suppress the Protestant faith and to break the power of the Estates once and for all.

Procession on the White Mountains (Josef Berka and A. Gustav, around 1800)

All persons who had somehow participated in the uprising of the Estates were punished. The worst punishment experienced three lords, seven knights and 17 citizens, who were executed in the early morning hours of June 21, 1621 on the Old Town Square. The execution took place conforming to the etiquette: first came the lords, then the knights, and finally the citizens. It is said the bloodthirsty torture to have lasted for four hours, while the executioner Jan Mydlar in the proces was to have beaten blunt four swords.

Joachim Andreas Graf Schlick was the first to be beheaded, whose family had grown rich thanks to the silver mines in the west Bohemian Jáchymov valley. Count Schlick had worked for many years at the Saxon court as an educator of the future ruler Johann Georg. During the Bohemian uprising of the Estates, Schlick had been quite active. Among other things, he was one of the participants of the famous 1618 defenestration. Next came Vaclav Budova from Budovec. Since the beginning of the 17th century, he had been strongly committed to the observance of the freedom of belief in the Bohemian lands and had been one of the spokesmen of the insurgents. As the third nobleman, Krystof Harant of Polzice and Bezdruzice lost his head. He had been court musician and companion of Rudolf at the court of Emperor Rudolf II. He was not very interested in politics, but he had been one of the military leaders of the insurgents, which now cost him his head. All three of them, without any doubt, belonged to the intellectual elite of the country, all three of them had been to many places, were well-educated, spoke several languages, and were Protestants.

Among the 7 knights was also the Catholic Divis Cernin of Chudenice. This one had made the fatal mistake of opening the gates of the castle to the representatives of the Estates on the 23rd of May, 1618, who then threw the three representatives of the Habsburg power out of a window in protest against the restriction of the rights of the Protestants.

Jan Jesensky

Jan Jessenius, the rector of the Charles University of Prague, was one of those who got the severest judgement. He was not only beheaded, his tongue had been cut off before, additionally he was also quartered after the execution. Emperor Ferdinand had expressed himself personally for this harsh judgment. The internationally respected scholar, who had carried out the first public autopsy in Prague in 1600, had aroused the wrath of the ruler as he had himself pronounced against the election of Ferdinand for the King of Bohemia as well as published a series of harsh writings against the Habsburgs.

The heads of twelve executed were hanged in iron baskets for deterrence and warning at the Old Town Bridge Tower. From there they were removed only 10 years later, when the Saxons 1631 occupied Prague for a short time.

Ferdinand II.

Emperor Ferdinand II took advantage of the victory over the rebellious Protestant estates, which had dethroned him, the legitimate heir, and elected another one, the "Winter King", Frederick of the Palatinate. 166 nobles Ferdinand had completely dispossessed, another 500 lost a large part of their estates. On the other hand, his faithful were rewarded. Those were given great lands in the Bohemian lands. In addition, monasteries were returned lands that they had lost during the Hussite wars in the 15th century.

The greatest winners were probably Albrecht von Waldstein, Karl von Liechtenstein, and Johann Ulrich von Eggenberg, who were now able to call great domains their own. But also other noble families then settled in the Bohemian lands, like the Trauttmansdorff, Thun, Metternich and Clary families.

Even ordinary citizens and peasants were affected: those who did not convert to the Catholic faith had to leave the country. In 1624 the Catholic faith became the only one recognized in the Bohemian lands - more and more subjects saw themselves forced to emigrate. Some 150,000 people are said to have left the Bohemian lands for religious reasons in the years after the defeat of the Protestant Estates. The probably most famous emigrant of that time is Jan Amos Komensky - Comenius. The pedagogue and bishop of the Unity of the Brotherhood settled down after a few journeys in Holland, where he died in 1670 at the age of 78.

Even in the eyes of most of today's Czechs, the "time of darkness" began with the defeat of the Protestant estates in the Battle of Weissenberg. As such, the almost 300 years of the unrestricted rule of the Habsburgs over the Bohemian countries were designated, which ended only with the independence of Czechoslovakia in 1918. The formerly proud kingdom of Bohemia had been degrated to a Habsburg province according to the new regional order of 1627, and had lost most of its rights, including the freedom of faith for which its inhabitants had fought since the death for heresy of Jan Hus in 1415. Today, not only the 27 crosses embedded on the Old Town Square, but also all the magnificent Baroque buildings in the country, are reminiscent of this historic epoch. With these the Catholic Habsburgs showed their Bohemian and Moravian subjects who is the boss in the country.

And so we are already at the end of our trip into the 17th century.

Hinrichtung auf dem Altstädter Ring 21. 6. 1621

23-06-2001 | Olaf Barth, Katrin Bock

Olaf Barth und Katrin Bock werfen heute einen Blick auf die Geschehnisse, die sich vor 380 Jahren auf dem Altstädter Ring ereigneten.

Hinrichtung auf dem Altstädter Ring 21. 6. 1621

Wer von Ihnen schon mal in Prag war, dem sind sie vielleicht aufgefallen, die 27 in das Pflaster eingelassenen Kreuze zu Füssen des Altstädter Rathausturmes. Vielleicht haben Sie sich über deren Ursprung gewundert. Nun in den folgenden Minuten erfahren Sie mehr über die Bewandtnis dieser Kreuze. Hören Sie zunächst einmal, wie der tschechische Schriftsteller Alois Jirasek die entsprechenden Ereignisse Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts in einer seiner Geschichten schilderte:

"In der Nacht vom 20. auf den 21. Juni 1621 herrschte überall in Prag Angst und Trauer. Die Strassen waren wie ausgestorben, denn über Prag war Ausgangsverbot verhängt worden. Nur das Klirren der Waffen und schwere Schritte fremder Soldaten durchbrachen die bedrückende Stille. Auf dem Altstädter Ring herrschte reger Betrieb. Bretter und Balken wurden von Wagen abgeladen und zur Platzmitte getragen, wo beim flackernden Licht zahlreicher Fackeln ein Gerüst wuchs. Als es zu dämmern begann, ragte da ein mit rotem Stoff überzogener Galgen empor. Beim Sonnenaufgang donnerte von der Prager Burg ein Kanonenschlag. Ein Zeichen dafür, dass die Exekution beginne. Auf dem Galgengerüst waren dunkle vermummte Gestalten zu sehen - die Henkershelfer und der Totengräber. Schliesslich erschien auch der Henker Jan Mydláø. Alsbald nahmen die kaiserlichen Richter ihre Sitze ein, und die Namen der 27 zum Tode verurteilten Standesherren wurden ausgerufen. Während in den Strassen Prags fremde Soldaten trommelten, beteten in den Häusern die Prager für ihre Getreuen, die 27 Herren, die zur selben Zeit geköpft oder gehängt wurden. Es wird berichtet, dass die hingerichteten Adeligen und Bürger einmal im Jahr, immer in der Nacht vom 20. auf den 21. Juni, auf dem Altstädter Ring erscheinen. Schweigend gehen sie über den Platz zur Kirche, wo sie, vor dem Altar knieend, das Abendmahl in beiderlei Gestalt empfangen. Und so lautlos wie sie gekommen verschwinden sie wieder."

Der Hradschin 1618, im Jahre des Fenstersturzes (Zeitgenössiger Stich)

Soweit der tschechische Schriftsteller Alois Jirasek über die Ereignisse jener Nacht vor 380 Jahren, als die Anführer des Ständeaufstandes gegen die katholischen Habsburger gerichtet wurden. 27 Adelige, Herren und Bürger, Tschechen und Deutsche, Protestanten und ein Katholik liessen damals ihr Leben. Bestraft wurden sie dafür, dass sie sich einem Aufstand gegen den rechtmässigen Habsburger Kaiser angeschlossen hatten, der einen religiösen Hintergrund hatte, denn der Kaiser hatte zuvor versucht, die seit Mitte des 15. Jahrhunderts in den Böhmischen Ländern geltende Religionsfreiheit einzuschränken. Der Aufstand hatte am 23. Mai 1618 mit dem berühmten Prager Fenstersturz begonnen und mit der für Tschechen noch heute ein nationales Trauma darstellenden Schlacht am Weissen Berg im November 1620 geendet. In jener Schlacht vor den Toren Prags hatte das Heer der katholischen Habsburger die protestantischen Stände vernichtend geschlagen. Was folgte war eine unbarmherzige Verfolgung aller Aufständischen, ungeachtet ihrer gesellschaftlichen Stellung oder Nationalität. Kaiser Ferdinand II. nutzte seinen militärischen Sieg, um seine Stellung in den aufständischen Böhmischen Ländern zu stärken, den protestantischen Glauben zurückzudrängen und die Macht der Stände ein für alle mal zu brechen.

Prozession am Weißen Berge (Josef Berka und A. Gustav, um 1800)

Alle Personen, die irgendwie an dem Ständeaufstand beteiligt gewesen waren, wurden bestraft. Am schlimmsten traf es dabei drei Herren, sieben Ritter und 17 Bürger, die in den frühen Morgenstunden des 21. Junis 1621 auf dem Altstädter Ring hingerichtet wurden. Bei der Hinrichtung wurde die Etike gewahrt: zuerst waren die Herren dran, dann die Ritter und schliesslich die Bürger. Vier Stunden lang soll die blutige Tortur gedauert haben, vier Schwerter soll der Henker Jan Mydlar dabei stumpf geschlagen haben.

Als erster wurde Joachim Andreas Graf Schlick geköpft, dessen Familie dank der Silberminen im westböhmischen Joachimsthal reich geworden war. Graf Schlick hatte jahrelang am sächsischen Hof als Erzieher des zukünftigen Herrschers Johann Georg gewirkt. Während des böhmischen Ständeaufstands war Schlick recht aktiv gewesen, unter anderem gehörte er zu den Teilnehmern des berühmten Fenstersturzes von 1618. Als nächstes kam Vaclav Budova von Budovec an die Reihe. Dieser hatte sich seit dem Beginn des 17. Jahrhunderts stark für die Einhaltung der Glaubensfreiheit in den Böhmischen Ländern eingesetzt und war einer der Wortführer der Aufständischen gewesen. Als dritter hochgestellter Adeliger verlor Krystof Harant von Polzice und Bezdruzice seinen Kopf. Dieser war am Hofe Kaiser Rudolfs II. Hofmusikant und Gesellschafter Rudolfs gewesen. Für Politik interessierte er sich nicht sehr, doch war er einer der Heerführer der Aufständischen gewesen, das kostete ihn nun seinen Kopf. Alle drei Herren gehörten ohne Zweifel zur geistigen Elite des Landes, alle drei waren weitgereist, hervorragend gebildet, sprachen mehrere Sprachen - und waren Protestanten.

Unter den 7 Rittern war auch der Katholik Divis Cernin von Chudenice. Dieser hatte den verhängnisvollen Fehler gemacht, am 23. Mai 1618 den Repräsentanten der Stände die Burgtore geöffnet zu haben, die dann die drei Vertreter der Habsburger Macht aus Protest gegen die Einschränkung der Rechte der Protestanten aus einem Fenster warfen.

Jan Jesensky

Eines der härtesten Urteile traf Jan Jessenius, den Rektor der Prager Karlsuniversität, der als 16. an die Reihe kam: er wurde nicht nur geköpft, zuvor wurde ihm die Zunge abgeschnitten, ausserdem wurde er nach der Hinrichtung noch geviertelt. Für dieses harte Urteil hatte sich Kaiser Ferdinand persönlich ausgesprochen. Der international angesehene Gelehrte, der 1600 in Prag die erste öffentliche Obduktion durchgeführt hatte, hatte den Zorn des Herrschers erregt, da er sich auf verschiedenen Landtagen gegen die Wahl Ferdinands zum böhmischen König ausgesprochen sowie eine Reihe von scharfen Schriften gegen die Habsburger veröffentlicht hatte.

Die Köpfe von zwölf Hingerichteten wurden in Eisenkörben zur Abschreckung und Warnung an den Altstädter Brückenturm gehängt. Von dort wurden sie erst 10 Jahre später entfernt, als die Sachsen 1631 Prag für kurze Zeit besetzten.

Ferdinand II.

Kaiser Ferdinand II. nutzte seinen Sieg über die aufständischen protestantischen Stände, die ihn, den rechtmässigen Erben, entthront hatten und einen anderen, den "Winterkönig" Friedrich von der Pfalz, gewählt hatten. 166 Adelige liess Ferdinand vollkommen enteignen, weitere 500 verloren einen Grossteil ihrer Güter. Belohnt wurden dagegen seine Getreuen. Diese erhielten grosse Ländereien in den Böhmischen Ländern. Ausserdem bekamen Klöster Ländereien zurück, die sie zur Zeit der Hussitenkriege im 15. Jahrhundert verloren hatten.

Die grössten Gewinner waren wohl Albrecht von Waldstein, Karl von Liechtenstein sowie Johann Ulrich von Eggenberg, die nun grosse Herrschaften ihr Eigen nennen konnten. Aber auch andere Adelsdfamilien setzten damals in den Böhmischen Ländern ihren Fuss, wie die Familien Trauttmansdorff, Thun, Metternich und Clary.

Auch einfache Bürger und Bauern waren betroffen: wer nicht zum katholischen Glauben übertrat, musste das Land verlassen. 1624 wurde der katholische Glaube der einzig anerkannte in den Böhmischen Ländern - immer mehr Untertanen sahen sich gezwungen, zu emigrieren. Rund 150.000 Menschen sollen in den Jahren nach der Niederlage der protestantischen Stände die Böhmischen Länder aus religiösen Gründen verlassen haben. Der wohl bekannteste Emigrant jener Zeit ist Jan Amos Komensky - Comenius. Der Pädagoge und Bischof der Brüderunität liess sich nach einigen Reisen in Holland nieder, wo er 1670 im Alter von 78 Jahren verstarb.

Auch in den Augen der meisten heutigen Tschechen begann damals mit der Niederlage der protestantischen Stände in der Schlacht am Weissen Berg die "Zeit der Finsternis". Als solche werden die knapp 300 Jahre der uneingeschränkten Herrschaft der Habsburger über die Böhmischen Länder bezeichnet, die erst mit der Unabhängigkeit der Tschechoslowakei 1918 endeten. Das einstmals stolze Königreich Böhmen war nach der neuen Landesordnung von 1627 zu einer Habsburger Provinz degradiert worden und hatte die meisten seiner Rechte verloren - auch das der Glaubensfreiheit, für das seine Bewohner seit dem Ketzertod des Jan Hus 1415 gekämpft hatten. Heute erinnern an diese Geschichtsepoche nicht nur die 27 in das Strassenpflaster eingelassenen Kreuze auf dem Altstädter Ring, sondern auch all die prächtigen Barockbauten im Lande. Mit diesen zeigten die katholischen Habsburger ihren böhmischen und mährischen Untertanen, wer der Herr im Lande ist.

Und damit sind wir bereits am Ende unseres Ausfluges in das 17. Jahrhundert.

www.radio.cz/de/rubrik/geschichte/hinrichtung-auf-dem-alt...

Den of Imagination - Your Miniature Painting Service

We are a registered studio in Torun, Poland. We have been in line of work since 2008. Our still growing staff of painters and sculptors is ready to work on any project you can imagine!

We are credible, solid and reliable. We work best with large commissions and we guarantee fast service.

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INSTAGRAM: instagram.com/doiphoto/

Den of Imagination - Your Miniature Painting Service

We are a registered studio in Torun, Poland. We have been in line of work since 2008. Our still growing staff of painters and sculptors is ready to work on any project you can imagine!

We are credible, solid and reliable. We work best with large commissions and we guarantee fast service.

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