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BODY
Manufactured by Ihagee Kamerawerk Steenbergen & Co, Dresden, East Germany
Model: 1959, Version 1.5.2, (A&R: 5, Hummmel: 048), (produced between 1959-60, quantity: 38300)
Special feature of Version 5: Exa on the front plate embossed, (not engraved like in all other versions).
Version, manufacturing year, body and lens info are as to Andrzej Wrotniak
The original Exa is known as Exa 0 also.
All Exa 0 produced between 1951-62
35mm SLR film camera
Engraving on the front plate: Ihagee Dresden
Lens release: via a lever on the left of the lens flange
Focusing: via Fresnel matte screen, ring and scalel on the lens, w/DOF scale
Shutter: Mirror acts like a curtain as a part of the shutter, vertical moving, due to this maximum speed is limited to 1/150, speeds: 1/25-1/150 +B
setting: via a lever and scale on the right of the top plate
Shutter release: a knob, on front of the body, w/ a safety locking cap, and cable release socket, it can be pressed with the plunger on the lenses, w/ cable release socket also
Cocking knob: also winds the film, on the right of the top plate
Frame counter: window on the right of the top plate, additive type, manual reset by a thumb ring on front of it
Viewfinder: SLR pentaprism finder , interchangeable with Waist level finder
Finder release: via a knob beneath the Exa logo
Mirror: Stays up after exposure, so viewfinder is dark, cocking the shutter returns the mirror to normal position
Re-wind knob: on the left of the top plate
Re-wind release: by a button just beside the cocking knob
Flash PC socket: two, on the right front side of the camera, F and X
Self-timer: none
Back cover: Hinged, removable, opens by a latch on the left side of the camera
Tripod socket: 378'' w/1/4'' adaptor
Strap lugs
Body: metallic, Weight:557g (wo/ the lens)
serial no. 545089 (inside the camera)
LENS:
Meyer-Optik Görlitz Lydith 30mm f/3,5 (Zebra), 5 elements,
preset type, Mount: Exakta bayonet mount, interchangeable with Exakta Varex lenses,
filter thread: 49mm, serial no. 4082192, (introduced in 1962)
Aperture: f/3.5-f/22, setting: ring and scale on the lens
Focus range: 0.33 - 6m +inf
+Original leather ever ready case
+ Waist level finder, Ihage Dresden, w/original leather case
+Sunlux Tele Converter, (Zebra), with Exacta bayonet mount and lens release, (Made in Japan), w/ original leather case
+ B+W Skylight filter, 49ES KR1,5 1,1x w/leather case
Although Exa is much simpler than the professional Exakta cameras, the workmanship is equally good, finish similar, and the family resemblance obvious. With its lower price, Exa cameras are addressed to the amateur photographers.
Ihagee Kamerawerk Steenbergen & Co, in Dresden, which was the largest independent camera manufacturer in Germany and was founded in 1912 by Johan Steenbergen.
The true Exaktas and Exas are ones made by Ihagee in Dresden.
Ihagee did not produce their own lenses. Instead, they relied on many of the major optical firms of their day to each produce a series of lenses for their cameras, eg. Carl Zeiss (Jena), Meyer-Optik (Görlitz) and Joseph Schneider (Kreuznach). The lenses from these three makers, in terms of the number and variations of lenses produced, are the most plentiful and in most cases the easiest for collectors and users to acquire. Maybe, over 80% of the Exaktas offered for sale are equipped with normal focal length lenses from these three firms.
Notes about Exa/Exakta classification
I use the Exa/Exakta classification of Andrzej Wrotniak. As to me, it is the best.
Some opinions of a serious Exa/Exakta collector, F W Tappe :
Andrzej Wrotniak uses a very sensible classification, listed on his website, which I personally like the best. It is multi dimensional in setup, without being complicated!
Richard Hummel's 1995 book lists an "one dimensional" classification, which is incomplete, but many sources still refer to this.
Aguila and Rouah (A&R) in their 2003 edition of "Exakta cameras 1933 - 1978", come to an improved classification. They built on their previous 1987 edition classification, which was the leading standard among collectors.
Klaus Wichmann, prolific writer of books about Exakta - and Exa cameras, published his classifications earliest.
More info Captain Jack, Maurizio Frizziero, F W Tappe, Exa Original in Camerapedia
■ 올 최대 전략 스마트폰 28일(한국시각 기준) 전 세계 동시 공개
□ 세계 6개 도시에서 24시간 이내 행사 완료
□ 28일 한국 출시 이어 세계 170여 통신사 순차 공급 예정
■ ‘Simple is the New Smart’ 컨셉트 반영
□ 사용자 경험 최우선의 G시리즈 철학 계승
■ 글로벌 런칭 첫 쿼드HD 스마트폰
□ 쿼드HD(2,560x1,440) IPS 디스플레이 탑재
□ 538ppi 초고해상도 구현… HD의 4배, 풀HD의 2배
■ 레이저 오토 포커스로 빠르게 초점 잡는 카메라
□ 후면에서 레이저 빔 쏘아 피사체와의 거리를 초고속으로 측정
□ 어두운 곳에서도 선명하게 찍히는 전면 카메라
□ 오디오까지 배려한 비디오 레코딩
■ 심플함을 담은 입체 디자인
□ 매끈한 일체감 느껴지는 전면 디자인에 심플한 GUI 적용
□ 후면엔 인체공학적 곡률 채택해 한 손에 들어오는 그립감 구현
□ 메탈릭 스킨 후면 커버, 더 편해진 후면키 채택
■ 사용자를 이해하는 진정한 스마트 UX
□ 빅데이터 분석해 오타 줄여주는 ‘스마트 키보드’
□ 사용 패턴 기억해 맞춤형 정보 제공하는 ‘스마트 알림이’
□ 노크 코드, 컨텐츠 잠금, 킬스위치로 강화된 ‘스마트 시큐리티’
※ Social LG전자 (social.lge.co.kr/newsroom) 에서 관련 보도자료를 확인하실 수 있습니다.
Dickson City, PA. June 2015.
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* Electro Harmonix 12AU7
* Solen MKP input capacitors
* Nichicon Muse output capacitors
* Alps stereo volume control potentiometer
The PCB layout has been heavily modified since I built my prototype: added a ground pour, fatter traces, an extra mounting hole. Had to get the digital calipers out to measure my tube socket and make the component in Eagle. It has been hard work, with a huge amount of learning on my part. Sound is amazing, tho :)
Nikon D600 – Digitale Spiegelreflexkamera mit 24-Megapixel-Vollformatsensor. Lesen Sie den vollständigen Bereicht auf www.ralfs-foto-bude.de
Wilkes-Barre, PA. March 2018.
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Cowboy Up
Pentax K-1, SMC Pentax-F 35-105mm Zoom f4-5.6
Pentax Forums Single in October 2016 Challenge
WEEK 20.2 – “Conns”truction Update
While the previous pictures were taken from Hudgins Road (which actually dead-ends right past that interstate-facing entrance I just showed you), this one is taken from the familiar perch of the former Super K's parking lot. Signs were going up at a fast pace, and I expect the main Conn's sign may well be on the building at this point. Judging by the design of similar new Conn's stores, I'm guessing “mattresses” is the word being prepped for installation on the bottom right in this shot.
(c) 2016 Retail Retell
These places are public so these photos are too, but just as I tell where they came from, I'd appreciate if you'd say who :)
Electronics department at Blackwood, NJ Kmart. I remember this department would usually be in the back by the Grille when it was there.
Desiderosa di creare una fotocamera paragonabile alla Rollei 35, Petri puntò tutto sulla funzionalitá e sul design per creare una concorrente degna della minuscola compatta tedesca. cosí dopo due anni di sviluppo, nel 1968 Petri presentó l'incredibile Petri Color 35. Una fotocamera molto eccellente che in alcuni aspetti superava la Rollei 35. Negli anni a seguire peró vennero commercializzate le Rollei B e C dal costo ridotto e cosí Petri compí un miracolo tecnologico: Nel 1970 creò la più piccola fotocamera full frame completamente automatica presente sul mercato, la Petri Color 35 E che fu pubblicizzata come la più piccola al mondo con queste caratteristiche, primato superato successivamente solo dalla incredibile Minox 35 del 1970, che peró erano in policarbonato.
Della Color 35 E esistono diverse versioni e persino qualche modello venduto sotto altro nome ma l'esemplare in mio possesso è stato il primo a essere presente sul mercato. Costituita da un corpo interamente in metallo cromato opaco, da comandi interamente in metallo massiccio e da poche parti in plastica, la Color 35 E é un classico prodotto del suo tempo ed era molto simile per qualità costruttiva alla Color 35 originale, infatti solo il barilotto dell'obiettivo è realizzato in plastica nera. Questa semplicitá di forme la rendono peró un oggetto elegante e senza tempo. Malgrado sia stata la più piccola fotocamera degli anni '70 di certo non era la più leggera. Considerate le sue dimensioni ridotte, con circa 390 grammi, il Color 35 E ha un peso significativo e una sensazione di grande solidità grazie ad un bellissimo lavoro di artigianato e di attenzione ai dettagli, davvero il meglio che la Petri potesse offrire. Comunque rispetto alla Color 35 dalla quale derivava aveva un design molto più convenzionale poiché invece dell'obiettivo completamente annegato ed erigibile tramite rotella ne aveva uno collassabile ed estraibile semplicemente tirandolo fuori dalla sua base, un sistema semplice e meno costoso. Oltre a ció la 35 E avendo un sistema di esposizione completamente automatica ed essendo provvista di messa a fuoco a stima manca di qualsiasi informazione visibile nel mirino oltre ad un sistema di flash a numero guida, impedendo cosí all'utente la possibilitá di controllo dell'esposizione selezionando diaframmi e tempi di posa. L'unica informazione é una bandierina rossa che spunta in caso di sovra o sotto esposizione o nel caso non si sia estratto l'obiettivo. Per il funzionamento è necessaria una batteria PX675, ma la funzionalità è minima anche senza di essa. Se la batteria non è installata, la fotocamera imposta la velocità dell'otturatore più alta (1/200) e l'apertura più piccola (f/22) o la velocità dell'otturatore più bassa (1/30) con l'apertura più ampia (f/2,8), a seconda della versione della 35 E in vostro possesso. Per accedere al vano batteria è necessario rimuovere il dorso della fotocamera che una volta sganciato scorre verso il basso rivelando un piccolo coperchio a fessura in aluminio massiccio. Interessante il vano pellicola caratterizzato da una piastra premi pellicola incernierata in basso. Per verificare la carica della batteria vi é un pulsante di controllo che una volta premuto attiva un ago visibile in piccola finestra colorata sopra l'obiettivo: Come indicato nel manuale, finché l'ago è nella parte blu, la batteria è buona. I tempi di posa e i diaframmi sono accoppiati da 1/30 di secondo a f/2,8 a 1/200 di secondo a f/22 e comandati da una cellula CdS posta sopra la lente. La modalità di esposizione automatica normale “EE” é selezionabile tramite una levetta a scorrimento posta sotto il barilotto che serve anche a selezionare il numero guida del flash e che blocca i tempidi scatto a 1/30 di secondo. Infine, a destra dell'obiettivo è presente anche una porta di sincronizzazione PC.
La Color 35 E è dotata dello stesso obiettivo della Color 35 originale, il 40 mm f/2,8 di Petri a quattro elementi in tre gruppi, di tipo Tessar, una classica focale adatta in tutte le situazioni e che come qualitá di immagine non ha nulla da invidiare alla concorrenza che a quel tempo ed in quel settore era particolarmente agguerrita.
Le caratteristiche tecniche:
Velocità dell'otturatore - da 1/30 a 1/200 di secondo
Apertura - da f/2,8 a f/22
Tipo di esposimetro - CdS “Electic Eye
Messa a fuoco - da 1 metro a infinito.
Otturatore - automatico, con velocità e apertura dell'otturatore accoppiate
ASA - da 25 a 500
Obiettivo - 40 mm f/2,8,
quattro elementi in tre gruppi
completamente rivestito e corretto nel colore
stesso obiettivo del Color 35 originale
Opzione flash - slitta a caldo, porta PC
impostazione manuale del numero guida del diaframma (1/30), regolazione automatica della messa a fuoco
Batterie - PX675, in alternativa LR44 ma bisogna compensare l'esposizione di circa uno stop negativo
Tipo di pellicola - 35 mm
Altre caratteristiche - funzione di test della batteria, dorso rimovibile.
Sono certo che Petri non se ne rese conto allora, ma questa fotocamera è perfetta. Quasi una moderna point-and-shoot. Facile da usare e facile da trasportare, é davvero un peccato che la Color 35 E sia meno apprezzate della Color 35 di cui riprende l'eccellente obiettivo accoppiato peró ad un otturatore leggermente più lento, anche se automatico. La Color 35 E ebbe una vita lunga ed avventurosa: Venduta in entrambe le Germanie con i marchi Braun e Ihagee, reintrodotta da Petri con il nome di Micro Compact e ripresa da Cosina dopo la scomparsa di Perti, c'era sicuramente qualcosa di buono in questa piccola e graziosa fotocamera.
È davvero un peccato che oggi la Color 35 E sia meno apprezzate della Color 35 di cui riprende l'eccellente obiettivo accoppiato peró ad un otturatore leggermente più lento, anche se automatico. Se apprezzate le compatte anni '70 ma desiderate un modello facile e veloce da usare, ideale per la fotografia da strada, la Petri Color 35 E é la macchina che fa per voi.
Blasdell, NY. June 2018.
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Hazleton, PA. August 2016.
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Mercedes SLS AMG Coupe Electric Drive
With the new Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive, Mercedes-AMG is entering a new era: the locally emission-free super sports car featuring advanced technology from the world of Formula 1 is the most exclusive and dynamic way in which to drive an electric car. The most powerful AMG high-performance vehicle of all time has four electric motors producing a total output of 552 kW and a maximum torque of 1000 Nm. As a result, the gullwing model has become the world's fastest electrically-powered series production vehicle: the Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive accelerates from zero to 100 km/h in 3.9 seconds.
A new dimension of driving performance - a convincing synonym for the AMG brand promise are the outstanding driving dynamics which come courtesy of AMG Torque Dynamics as well as torque distribution to individual wheels, which is made possible by means of wheel-selective all-wheel drive. The most "electrifying" gullwing model ever has been developed in-house by Mercedes-AMG GmbH. The high-voltage battery for the SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive is the result of cooperation between Mercedes-AMG and Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrains in Brixworth (GB). This is an area in which the British Formula 1 experts were able to contribute their extensive know-how with KERS hybrid concepts.
"The SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive is setting new standards for cars with electric drives. As the most powerful gullwing model ever, it is also representative of the enduring innovational strength of Mercedes-AMG. Our vision of the most dynamic electric vehicle has become a reality. With the help of our colleagues at Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrains in Brixworth, we are bringing exciting advanced technology from the world of Formula 1 to the road", according to Ola Källenius, Chairman of the Board of Management of Mercedes-AMG GmbH.
Mercedes SLS AMG Coupe Electric Drive (2014)
2014 Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupe Electric Drive
Pioneering, visionary, electrifying: the powerful and locally emission-free super sports car with electric drive also embodies the development competence of Mercedes-AMG GmbH. With this innovative and unique drive solution, AMG - as the performance brand of Mercedes-Benz - is demonstrating its technological leadership in this segment. The Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive is aimed at technology-minded super sports car fans who are open to new ideas and enthusiastic about ambitious high-tech solutions for the future of motoring.
Enormous thrust thanks to 1000 Nm of torque
The pioneering drive package in the SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive is impressive and guarantees a completely innovative and electrifying driving experience: enormous thrust comes courtesy of four synchronous electric motors providing a combined maximum output of 552 kW and maximum torque of 1000 Nm. The very special gullwing model accelerates from zero to 100 km/h in 3.9 seconds, and can reach a top speed of 250 km/h (electronically limited). The agile response to accelerator pedal input and the linear power output provide pure excitement: unlike with a combustion engine, the build-up of torque is instantaneous with electric motors - maximum torque is effectively available from a standstill. The spontaneous build-up of torque and the forceful power delivery without any interruption of tractive power are combined with completely vibration-free engine running characteristics.
The four compact permanent-magnet synchronous electric motors, each weighing 45 kg, achieve a maximum individual speed of 13,000 rpm and in each case drive the 4 wheels selectively via a axially-arranged transmission design. This enables the unique distribution of torque to individual wheels, which would normally only be possible with wheel hub motors which have the disadvantage of generating considerable unsprung masses.
Powerful, voluminous, dynamic, emotional and authentic: the characteristic sound of the Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive embodies the sound of the 21st century. After an elaborate series of tests as well as numerous test drives, the AMG experts have created a sound which captures the exceptional dynamism of this unique super sports car with electric drive. Starting with a characteristic start-up sound, which rings out on pressing the "Power" button on the AMG DRIVE UNIT, the occupants can experience a tailor-made driving sound for each driving situation: incredibly dynamic when accelerating, subdued when cruising and as equally characteristic during recuperation. The sound is not only dependent on road speed, engine speed and load conditions, but also reflects the driving situation and the vehicle's operating state with a suitable driving noise. Perfect feedback for the driver is guaranteed thanks to a combination of the composed sound, the use of the vehicle's existing inherent noises and the elimination of background noise - this is referred to by the experts as "sound cleaning". The impressive sound comes courtesy of the standard sound system with eleven loudspeakers.
Advanced Formula 1 technology: high-voltage lithium-ion battery
Battery efficiency, performance and weight: in all three areas Mercedes-AMG is setting new standards. The high-voltage battery in the SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive boasts an energy content of 60 kWh, an electric load potential of 600 kW and weighs 548 kg - all of which are absolute best values in the automotive sector. The liquid-cooled lithium-ion high-voltage battery features a modular design and a maximum voltage of 400 V.
Advanced technology and know-how from the world of Formula 1 have been called on during both the development and production stages: the battery is the first result of the cooperation between Mercedes-AMG GmbH in Affalterbach and Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrains Ltd. Headquartered in Brixworth in England, the company has been working closely with Mercedes-AMG for a number of years. F1 engine experts have benefited from its extensive expertise with the KERS hybrid concept, which made its debut in the 2009 Formula 1 season. At the Hungarian Grand Prix in 2009, Lewis Hamilton achieved the first historic victory for a Formula 1 vehicle featuring KERS hybrid technology in the form of the Mercedes-Benz KER System. Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrains supplies the Formula 1 teams MERCEDES AMG PETRONAS, Vodafone McLaren Mercedes and Sahara Force India with Mercedes V8 engines and the KERS.
The high-voltage battery consists of 12 modules each comprising 72 lithium-ion cells. This optimised arrangement of a total of 864 cells has benefits not only in terms of best use of the installation space, but also in terms of performance. One technical feature is the intelligent parallel circuit of the individual battery modules - this helps to maximise the safety, reliability and service life of the battery. As in Formula 1, the battery is charged by means of targeted recuperation during deceleration whilst the car is being driven.
High-performance control as well as effective cooling of all components
A high-performance electronic control system converts the direct current from the high-voltage battery into the three-phase alternating current which is required for the synchronous motors and regulates the energy flow for all operating conditions. Two low-temperature cooling circuits ensure that the four electric motors and the power electronics are maintained at an even operating temperature. A separate low-temperature circuit is responsible for cooling the high-voltage lithium-ion battery. In low external temperatures, the battery is quickly brought up to optimum operating temperature with the aid of an electric heating element. In extremely high external temperatures, the cooling circuit for the battery can be additionally boosted with the aid of the air conditioning. This also helps to preserve the overall service life of the battery system.
Quick charge function via special wall box
Ideally the Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive is charged with the aid of a so-called wall box. Installed in a home garage, this technology provides a 22 kW quick-charge function, which is the same as the charging performance available at a public charging station. A high-voltage power cable is used to connect the vehicle to the wall box, and enables charging to take place in around three hours. Without the wall box, charging takes around 20 hours. The wall box is provided as an optional extra from Mercedes-AMG in cooperation with SPX and KEBA, two suppliers of innovative electric charging infrastructures for the automotive industry.
Eight-stage design for maximum safety
To ensure maximum safety, the SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive makes use of an eight-stage safety design. This comprises the following features:
•all high-voltage cables are colour-coded in orange to prevent confusion
•comprehensive contact protection for the entire high-voltage system
•the lithium-ion battery is liquid-cooled and accommodated in a high-strength aluminium housing within the carbon-fibre zero-intrusion cell
•conductive separation of the high-voltage and low-voltage networks within the vehicle and integration of an interlock switch
•active and passive discharging of the high-voltage system when the ignition is switched to "off"
•in the event of an accident, the high-voltage system is switched off within fractions of a second
•continuous monitoring of the high-voltage system for short circuits with potential compensation and insulation monitors
•redundant monitoring function for the all-wheel drive system with torque control for individual wheels, via several control units using a variety of software
By using this design, Mercedes-AMG ensures maximum safety during production of the vehicle and also during maintenance and repair work. Of course the Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive also meets all of the statutory and internal Mercedes crash test requirements.
All-wheel drive with AMG Torque Dynamics enables new levels of freedom
Four motors, four wheels - the intelligent and permanent all-wheel drive of the SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive guarantees driving dynamics at the highest level, while at the same time providing the best possible active safety. Optimum traction of the four driven wheels is therefore ensured, whatever the weather conditions. According to the developers, the term "Torque Dynamics" refers to individual control of the electric motors, something which enables completely new levels of freedom to be achieved. The AMG Torque Dynamics feature is permanently active and allows for selective distribution of forces for each individual wheel. The intelligent distribution of drive torque greatly benefits driving dynamics, handling, driving safety and ride comfort. Each individual wheel can be both electrically driven and electrically braked, depending on the driving conditions, thus helping to
•optimise the vehicle's cornering properties,
•reduce the tendency to oversteer/understeer,
•increase the yaw damping of the basic vehicle,
•reduce the steering effort and steering angle required,
•increase traction,
•and minimise ESP® and ASR intervention.
The AMG Torque Dynamics feature boasts a great deal of variability and individuality by offering three different transmission modes:
•Comfort (C): comfortable, forgiving driving characteristics
•Sport (S): sporty, balanced driving characteristics
•Sport plus (S+): sporty, agile driving characteristics
AMG Torque Dynamics enables optimum use of the adhesion potential between the tyres and the road surface in all driving conditions. The technology allows maximum levels of freedom and as such optimum use of the critical limits of the vehicle's driving dynamics. Outstanding handling safety is always assured thanks to the two-stage Electronic Stability Program ESP®.
"AMG Lightweight Performance" design strategy
The trailblazing body shell structure of the Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive is part of the ambitious "AMG Lightweight Performance" design strategy. The battery is located within a carbon-fibre monocoque which forms an integral part of the gullwing model and acts as its "spine". The monocoque housing is firmly bolted and bonded to the aluminium spaceframe body. The fibre composite materials have their roots in the world of Formula 1, among other areas. The advantages of CFRP (carbon-fibre reinforced plastic) were exploited by the Mercedes-AMG engineers in the design of the monocoque. These include their high strength, which makes it possible to create extremely rigid structures in terms of torsion and bending, excellent crash performance and low weight. Carbon-fibre components are up to 50 percent lighter than comparable steel ones, yet retain the same level of stability. Compared with aluminium, the weight saving is still around 30 percent, while the material is considerably thinner. The weight advantages achieved through the carbon-fibre battery monocoque are reflected in the agility of the SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive and, in conjunction with the wheel-selective four-wheel drive system, ensure true driving enjoyment. The carbon-fibre battery monocoque is, in addition, conceived as a "zero intrusion cell" in order to meet the very highest expectations in terms of crash safety. It protects the battery modules inside the vehicle from deformation or damage in the event of a crash.
The basis for CFRP construction is provided by fine carbon fibres, ten times thinner than a human hair. A length of this innovative fibre reaching from here to the moon would weigh a mere 25 grams. Between 1000 and 24,000 of these fibres are used to form individual strands. Machines then weave and sew them into fibre mats several layers thick, which can be moulded into three-dimensional shapes. When injected with liquid synthetic resin, this hardens to give the desired structure its final shape and stability.
Optimum weight distribution and low centre of gravity
The purely electric drive system was factored into the equation as early as the concept phase when the super sports car was being developed. It is ideally packaged for the integration of the high-performance, zero-emission technology: by way of example, the four electric motors and the two transmissions can be positioned as close to the four wheels as possible and very low down in the vehicle. The same applies to the modular high-voltage battery. Advantages of this solution include the vehicle's low centre of gravity and balanced weight distribution - ideal conditions for optimum handling, which the electrically-powered gullwing model shares with its petrol-driven sister model.
New front axle design with pushrod damper struts
The additional front-wheel drive called for a newly designed front axle: unlike the series production vehicle with AMG V8 engine, which has a double wishbone axle, the SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive features an independent multi-link suspension with pushrod damper struts. This is because the vertically-arranged damper struts had to make way for the additional drive shafts. As is usual in a wide variety of racing vehicles, horizontal damper struts are now used, which are operated via separate push rods and transfer levers. Thanks to this sophisticated front-axle design, which has already been tried and tested in the world of motorsport, the agility and driving dynamics of the Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive attain the same high levels as the V8 variant. Another distinguishing feature is the speed-sensitive power steering with rack-and-pinion steering gear: the power assistance is implemented electrohydraulically rather than just hydraulically.
AMG ceramic composite brakes for perfect deceleration
The SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive is slowed with the aid of AMG high-performance ceramic composite brakes, which boast direct brake response, a precise actuation point and outstanding fade resistance, even in extreme operating conditions. The over-sized discs - measuring 402 x 39 mm at the front and 360 x 32 mm at the rear - are made of carbon fibre-strengthened ceramic, feature an integral design all round and are connected to an aluminium bowl in a radially floating arrangement.
The ceramic brake discs are 40 percent lighter in weight than the conventional, grey cast iron brake discs. The reduction in unsprung masses not only improves handling dynamics and agility, but also ride comfort and tyre grip. The lower rotating masses at the front axle also ensure a more direct steering response - which is particularly noticeable when taking motorway bends at high speed.
Exclusive, high-quality design and appointments
Visually, the multi-award-winning design of the SLS AMG is combined with a number of specific features which are exclusive to the Electric Drive variant. The front apron has a striking carbon-look CFRP front splitter which generates downforce on the front axle. The radiator grille and adjacent air intakes adorn special areas painted in the vehicle colour and with bionic honeycomb-shaped openings. They are not only a visual highlight but, thanks to their aerodynamically optimised design, also improve air flow over the cooling modules mounted behind them. Darkened headlamps also impart a sense of independence to the front section. Viewed from the side, the "Electric Drive" lettering stands out on the vehicle side, as do the AMG 5-twin-spoke light-alloy wheels with their specific paint design. The SLS AMG Electric Drive comes as standard with 265/35 R 19 tyres on the front and 295/30 R 20 tyres on the rear. The overall look is rounded off to dynamic effect by the new diffuser-look rear apron, and the darkened rear lamps. One feature reserved exclusively for the SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive is the "AMG electricbeam magno" matt paint finish. A choice of five other colours is available at no extra cost.
When the exterior colour AMG electricbeam magno is chosen, the high-quality, sporty interior makes use of this body colour for the contrasting stitching - the stitching co-ordinates perfectly with designo black Exclusive leather appointments. AMG sports seats and numerous carbon-fibre trim elements in the interior underscore the exclusive and dynamic character of what is currently the fastest electric car. Behind the new AMG Performance steering wheel there is a newly designed AMG instrument cluster: instead of a rev counter, there is a power display providing information on the power requirements, recuperation status, transmission modes and battery charge.
AMG Performance Media as standard
The AMG DRIVE UNIT comprises the electronic rotary switch for selecting the three transmission modes of "C" (Controlled Efficiency), "S" (Sport) and "S+" (Sport plus), which the driver can use to specify different performance levels from the electric motors, which in turn also changes the top speed and accelerator pedal response. Behind the buttons for "power" and "ESP On/Off", there are also buttons for AMG Torque Dynamics and AMG Setup.
In addition to carbon-fibre exterior mirrors, AMG carbon-fibre engine compartment cover, COMAND APS, Media Interface, Blind Spot Assist and reversing camera, the standard equipment also includes the AMG Performance Media system. Besides full high-speed mobile internet access, the system provides information on engine performance, lateral and longitudinal acceleration, tyre pressure, vehicle setup and lap times, as well displaying a variety of additional information such as:
•vehicle energy flow
•battery charge status
•burrent range
•AMG Torque Dynamics
•temperatures of the battery and motors
•energy consumption kWh/100 km
The Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive will be celebrating its market launch in 2013. The price in Germany (incl. 19% VAT) will be 416,500 EUR.
Foto gemaakt als onderdeel van de review op www.spiegelloos.nl en blog.foka.nl
Deze foto kun je downloaden in groot formaat voor eigen gebruik of vergelijking. Als je de foto wilt gebruiken om te publiceren in gedrukte- of online media, neem dan contact op via www.spiegelloos.nl
Shot this on my little camera today - it's actually not too hard to shoot these!
Qtpfsgui 1.9.1 tonemapping parameters:
Operator: Reinhard05
Parameters:
Brightness: -10
Chromatic Adaptation: 1
Light Adaptation: 0
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PreGamma: 1
Franklin, PA. August 2016.
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Beckley, WV. June 2016.
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If you would like to use THIS picture in any sort of media elsewhere (such as newspaper or article), please send me a Flickrmail or send me an email at natehenderson6@gmail.com
It's here! Voigtlander 15mm Super-Wide Heliar on Bessa R3A with 15mm viewfinder. This is the new version with M-mount and rangefinder-coupled focusing.
What more could I want? I have actually spent hours working on our financial numbers today using both the ipad and laptop. I have been horribly neglectful about that all year and it took cover to get caught up. Funny, that it coincides with when I returned to Flickr and joined Kindle Unlimited. Possible cause/correlation. 274/365
Mercedes SLS AMG Coupe Electric Drive
With the new Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive, Mercedes-AMG is entering a new era: the locally emission-free super sports car featuring advanced technology from the world of Formula 1 is the most exclusive and dynamic way in which to drive an electric car. The most powerful AMG high-performance vehicle of all time has four electric motors producing a total output of 552 kW and a maximum torque of 1000 Nm. As a result, the gullwing model has become the world's fastest electrically-powered series production vehicle: the Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive accelerates from zero to 100 km/h in 3.9 seconds.
A new dimension of driving performance - a convincing synonym for the AMG brand promise are the outstanding driving dynamics which come courtesy of AMG Torque Dynamics as well as torque distribution to individual wheels, which is made possible by means of wheel-selective all-wheel drive. The most "electrifying" gullwing model ever has been developed in-house by Mercedes-AMG GmbH. The high-voltage battery for the SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive is the result of cooperation between Mercedes-AMG and Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrains in Brixworth (GB). This is an area in which the British Formula 1 experts were able to contribute their extensive know-how with KERS hybrid concepts.
"The SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive is setting new standards for cars with electric drives. As the most powerful gullwing model ever, it is also representative of the enduring innovational strength of Mercedes-AMG. Our vision of the most dynamic electric vehicle has become a reality. With the help of our colleagues at Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrains in Brixworth, we are bringing exciting advanced technology from the world of Formula 1 to the road", according to Ola Källenius, Chairman of the Board of Management of Mercedes-AMG GmbH.
Mercedes SLS AMG Coupe Electric Drive (2014)
2014 Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupe Electric Drive
Pioneering, visionary, electrifying: the powerful and locally emission-free super sports car with electric drive also embodies the development competence of Mercedes-AMG GmbH. With this innovative and unique drive solution, AMG - as the performance brand of Mercedes-Benz - is demonstrating its technological leadership in this segment. The Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive is aimed at technology-minded super sports car fans who are open to new ideas and enthusiastic about ambitious high-tech solutions for the future of motoring.
Enormous thrust thanks to 1000 Nm of torque
The pioneering drive package in the SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive is impressive and guarantees a completely innovative and electrifying driving experience: enormous thrust comes courtesy of four synchronous electric motors providing a combined maximum output of 552 kW and maximum torque of 1000 Nm. The very special gullwing model accelerates from zero to 100 km/h in 3.9 seconds, and can reach a top speed of 250 km/h (electronically limited). The agile response to accelerator pedal input and the linear power output provide pure excitement: unlike with a combustion engine, the build-up of torque is instantaneous with electric motors - maximum torque is effectively available from a standstill. The spontaneous build-up of torque and the forceful power delivery without any interruption of tractive power are combined with completely vibration-free engine running characteristics.
The four compact permanent-magnet synchronous electric motors, each weighing 45 kg, achieve a maximum individual speed of 13,000 rpm and in each case drive the 4 wheels selectively via a axially-arranged transmission design. This enables the unique distribution of torque to individual wheels, which would normally only be possible with wheel hub motors which have the disadvantage of generating considerable unsprung masses.
Powerful, voluminous, dynamic, emotional and authentic: the characteristic sound of the Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive embodies the sound of the 21st century. After an elaborate series of tests as well as numerous test drives, the AMG experts have created a sound which captures the exceptional dynamism of this unique super sports car with electric drive. Starting with a characteristic start-up sound, which rings out on pressing the "Power" button on the AMG DRIVE UNIT, the occupants can experience a tailor-made driving sound for each driving situation: incredibly dynamic when accelerating, subdued when cruising and as equally characteristic during recuperation. The sound is not only dependent on road speed, engine speed and load conditions, but also reflects the driving situation and the vehicle's operating state with a suitable driving noise. Perfect feedback for the driver is guaranteed thanks to a combination of the composed sound, the use of the vehicle's existing inherent noises and the elimination of background noise - this is referred to by the experts as "sound cleaning". The impressive sound comes courtesy of the standard sound system with eleven loudspeakers.
Advanced Formula 1 technology: high-voltage lithium-ion battery
Battery efficiency, performance and weight: in all three areas Mercedes-AMG is setting new standards. The high-voltage battery in the SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive boasts an energy content of 60 kWh, an electric load potential of 600 kW and weighs 548 kg - all of which are absolute best values in the automotive sector. The liquid-cooled lithium-ion high-voltage battery features a modular design and a maximum voltage of 400 V.
Advanced technology and know-how from the world of Formula 1 have been called on during both the development and production stages: the battery is the first result of the cooperation between Mercedes-AMG GmbH in Affalterbach and Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrains Ltd. Headquartered in Brixworth in England, the company has been working closely with Mercedes-AMG for a number of years. F1 engine experts have benefited from its extensive expertise with the KERS hybrid concept, which made its debut in the 2009 Formula 1 season. At the Hungarian Grand Prix in 2009, Lewis Hamilton achieved the first historic victory for a Formula 1 vehicle featuring KERS hybrid technology in the form of the Mercedes-Benz KER System. Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrains supplies the Formula 1 teams MERCEDES AMG PETRONAS, Vodafone McLaren Mercedes and Sahara Force India with Mercedes V8 engines and the KERS.
The high-voltage battery consists of 12 modules each comprising 72 lithium-ion cells. This optimised arrangement of a total of 864 cells has benefits not only in terms of best use of the installation space, but also in terms of performance. One technical feature is the intelligent parallel circuit of the individual battery modules - this helps to maximise the safety, reliability and service life of the battery. As in Formula 1, the battery is charged by means of targeted recuperation during deceleration whilst the car is being driven.
High-performance control as well as effective cooling of all components
A high-performance electronic control system converts the direct current from the high-voltage battery into the three-phase alternating current which is required for the synchronous motors and regulates the energy flow for all operating conditions. Two low-temperature cooling circuits ensure that the four electric motors and the power electronics are maintained at an even operating temperature. A separate low-temperature circuit is responsible for cooling the high-voltage lithium-ion battery. In low external temperatures, the battery is quickly brought up to optimum operating temperature with the aid of an electric heating element. In extremely high external temperatures, the cooling circuit for the battery can be additionally boosted with the aid of the air conditioning. This also helps to preserve the overall service life of the battery system.
Quick charge function via special wall box
Ideally the Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive is charged with the aid of a so-called wall box. Installed in a home garage, this technology provides a 22 kW quick-charge function, which is the same as the charging performance available at a public charging station. A high-voltage power cable is used to connect the vehicle to the wall box, and enables charging to take place in around three hours. Without the wall box, charging takes around 20 hours. The wall box is provided as an optional extra from Mercedes-AMG in cooperation with SPX and KEBA, two suppliers of innovative electric charging infrastructures for the automotive industry.
Eight-stage design for maximum safety
To ensure maximum safety, the SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive makes use of an eight-stage safety design. This comprises the following features:
•all high-voltage cables are colour-coded in orange to prevent confusion
•comprehensive contact protection for the entire high-voltage system
•the lithium-ion battery is liquid-cooled and accommodated in a high-strength aluminium housing within the carbon-fibre zero-intrusion cell
•conductive separation of the high-voltage and low-voltage networks within the vehicle and integration of an interlock switch
•active and passive discharging of the high-voltage system when the ignition is switched to "off"
•in the event of an accident, the high-voltage system is switched off within fractions of a second
•continuous monitoring of the high-voltage system for short circuits with potential compensation and insulation monitors
•redundant monitoring function for the all-wheel drive system with torque control for individual wheels, via several control units using a variety of software
By using this design, Mercedes-AMG ensures maximum safety during production of the vehicle and also during maintenance and repair work. Of course the Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive also meets all of the statutory and internal Mercedes crash test requirements.
All-wheel drive with AMG Torque Dynamics enables new levels of freedom
Four motors, four wheels - the intelligent and permanent all-wheel drive of the SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive guarantees driving dynamics at the highest level, while at the same time providing the best possible active safety. Optimum traction of the four driven wheels is therefore ensured, whatever the weather conditions. According to the developers, the term "Torque Dynamics" refers to individual control of the electric motors, something which enables completely new levels of freedom to be achieved. The AMG Torque Dynamics feature is permanently active and allows for selective distribution of forces for each individual wheel. The intelligent distribution of drive torque greatly benefits driving dynamics, handling, driving safety and ride comfort. Each individual wheel can be both electrically driven and electrically braked, depending on the driving conditions, thus helping to
•optimise the vehicle's cornering properties,
•reduce the tendency to oversteer/understeer,
•increase the yaw damping of the basic vehicle,
•reduce the steering effort and steering angle required,
•increase traction,
•and minimise ESP® and ASR intervention.
The AMG Torque Dynamics feature boasts a great deal of variability and individuality by offering three different transmission modes:
•Comfort (C): comfortable, forgiving driving characteristics
•Sport (S): sporty, balanced driving characteristics
•Sport plus (S+): sporty, agile driving characteristics
AMG Torque Dynamics enables optimum use of the adhesion potential between the tyres and the road surface in all driving conditions. The technology allows maximum levels of freedom and as such optimum use of the critical limits of the vehicle's driving dynamics. Outstanding handling safety is always assured thanks to the two-stage Electronic Stability Program ESP®.
"AMG Lightweight Performance" design strategy
The trailblazing body shell structure of the Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive is part of the ambitious "AMG Lightweight Performance" design strategy. The battery is located within a carbon-fibre monocoque which forms an integral part of the gullwing model and acts as its "spine". The monocoque housing is firmly bolted and bonded to the aluminium spaceframe body. The fibre composite materials have their roots in the world of Formula 1, among other areas. The advantages of CFRP (carbon-fibre reinforced plastic) were exploited by the Mercedes-AMG engineers in the design of the monocoque. These include their high strength, which makes it possible to create extremely rigid structures in terms of torsion and bending, excellent crash performance and low weight. Carbon-fibre components are up to 50 percent lighter than comparable steel ones, yet retain the same level of stability. Compared with aluminium, the weight saving is still around 30 percent, while the material is considerably thinner. The weight advantages achieved through the carbon-fibre battery monocoque are reflected in the agility of the SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive and, in conjunction with the wheel-selective four-wheel drive system, ensure true driving enjoyment. The carbon-fibre battery monocoque is, in addition, conceived as a "zero intrusion cell" in order to meet the very highest expectations in terms of crash safety. It protects the battery modules inside the vehicle from deformation or damage in the event of a crash.
The basis for CFRP construction is provided by fine carbon fibres, ten times thinner than a human hair. A length of this innovative fibre reaching from here to the moon would weigh a mere 25 grams. Between 1000 and 24,000 of these fibres are used to form individual strands. Machines then weave and sew them into fibre mats several layers thick, which can be moulded into three-dimensional shapes. When injected with liquid synthetic resin, this hardens to give the desired structure its final shape and stability.
Optimum weight distribution and low centre of gravity
The purely electric drive system was factored into the equation as early as the concept phase when the super sports car was being developed. It is ideally packaged for the integration of the high-performance, zero-emission technology: by way of example, the four electric motors and the two transmissions can be positioned as close to the four wheels as possible and very low down in the vehicle. The same applies to the modular high-voltage battery. Advantages of this solution include the vehicle's low centre of gravity and balanced weight distribution - ideal conditions for optimum handling, which the electrically-powered gullwing model shares with its petrol-driven sister model.
New front axle design with pushrod damper struts
The additional front-wheel drive called for a newly designed front axle: unlike the series production vehicle with AMG V8 engine, which has a double wishbone axle, the SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive features an independent multi-link suspension with pushrod damper struts. This is because the vertically-arranged damper struts had to make way for the additional drive shafts. As is usual in a wide variety of racing vehicles, horizontal damper struts are now used, which are operated via separate push rods and transfer levers. Thanks to this sophisticated front-axle design, which has already been tried and tested in the world of motorsport, the agility and driving dynamics of the Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive attain the same high levels as the V8 variant. Another distinguishing feature is the speed-sensitive power steering with rack-and-pinion steering gear: the power assistance is implemented electrohydraulically rather than just hydraulically.
AMG ceramic composite brakes for perfect deceleration
The SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive is slowed with the aid of AMG high-performance ceramic composite brakes, which boast direct brake response, a precise actuation point and outstanding fade resistance, even in extreme operating conditions. The over-sized discs - measuring 402 x 39 mm at the front and 360 x 32 mm at the rear - are made of carbon fibre-strengthened ceramic, feature an integral design all round and are connected to an aluminium bowl in a radially floating arrangement.
The ceramic brake discs are 40 percent lighter in weight than the conventional, grey cast iron brake discs. The reduction in unsprung masses not only improves handling dynamics and agility, but also ride comfort and tyre grip. The lower rotating masses at the front axle also ensure a more direct steering response - which is particularly noticeable when taking motorway bends at high speed.
Exclusive, high-quality design and appointments
Visually, the multi-award-winning design of the SLS AMG is combined with a number of specific features which are exclusive to the Electric Drive variant. The front apron has a striking carbon-look CFRP front splitter which generates downforce on the front axle. The radiator grille and adjacent air intakes adorn special areas painted in the vehicle colour and with bionic honeycomb-shaped openings. They are not only a visual highlight but, thanks to their aerodynamically optimised design, also improve air flow over the cooling modules mounted behind them. Darkened headlamps also impart a sense of independence to the front section. Viewed from the side, the "Electric Drive" lettering stands out on the vehicle side, as do the AMG 5-twin-spoke light-alloy wheels with their specific paint design. The SLS AMG Electric Drive comes as standard with 265/35 R 19 tyres on the front and 295/30 R 20 tyres on the rear. The overall look is rounded off to dynamic effect by the new diffuser-look rear apron, and the darkened rear lamps. One feature reserved exclusively for the SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive is the "AMG electricbeam magno" matt paint finish. A choice of five other colours is available at no extra cost.
When the exterior colour AMG electricbeam magno is chosen, the high-quality, sporty interior makes use of this body colour for the contrasting stitching - the stitching co-ordinates perfectly with designo black Exclusive leather appointments. AMG sports seats and numerous carbon-fibre trim elements in the interior underscore the exclusive and dynamic character of what is currently the fastest electric car. Behind the new AMG Performance steering wheel there is a newly designed AMG instrument cluster: instead of a rev counter, there is a power display providing information on the power requirements, recuperation status, transmission modes and battery charge.
AMG Performance Media as standard
The AMG DRIVE UNIT comprises the electronic rotary switch for selecting the three transmission modes of "C" (Controlled Efficiency), "S" (Sport) and "S+" (Sport plus), which the driver can use to specify different performance levels from the electric motors, which in turn also changes the top speed and accelerator pedal response. Behind the buttons for "power" and "ESP On/Off", there are also buttons for AMG Torque Dynamics and AMG Setup.
In addition to carbon-fibre exterior mirrors, AMG carbon-fibre engine compartment cover, COMAND APS, Media Interface, Blind Spot Assist and reversing camera, the standard equipment also includes the AMG Performance Media system. Besides full high-speed mobile internet access, the system provides information on engine performance, lateral and longitudinal acceleration, tyre pressure, vehicle setup and lap times, as well displaying a variety of additional information such as:
•vehicle energy flow
•battery charge status
•burrent range
•AMG Torque Dynamics
•temperatures of the battery and motors
•energy consumption kWh/100 km
The Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive will be celebrating its market launch in 2013. The price in Germany (incl. 19% VAT) will be 416,500 EUR.
Here are some crude pieces of the electronics I need to put together to run the tennis ball machine I'm building. This is all experiment/prototype stuff. The white "breadboard"on the left is just using a voltage regulator circuit for 5v (componnents on upper left) and the Atmega16 microcontroller (large chip), which generates the PWM signal. The microcontroller is also connected through the breadboard to the LCD at the top. The rest of the stuff on the white board is left over from various tests. The board on the right is the "power" portion of the PWM motor controller. It takes the PWM signal from the microcontroller, and uses it to switch on and off a pair of MOSFETs (via a driver chip) to provide power to the motor. The MOSFETS are in parallel to increase power capacity, although I'm not sure more than one was really needed.
Yes we can! Long before Obama, the big three needed to show the world that they believed in the APS film system. To show was one thing, to believe was another. Only Minolta trully believed in the system launching the very interesting (and forgotten ) Vectis, along with a new bayonet. Nikon and Canon were far more cautious, and developed the SLRs from existing 35 mm chassis. This Pronea is tipically Nikkon, being chunky, not very compact, but very unnikon is the weight, very light for a Nikon camera. Blame it on the zoom lens that is so cheaply build to the point of being scaring for an old guard guy like me, lol. The viewfinder with this zoom is simply horrible, dark to the point of being impossible to see through it indoors. However, take that nasty lens off, replace it with 24/2,8 like I did and wow, a miracle happens! Viewfinder apart, the camera is simple and effective to use, speddy AF, all the traditional Nikon metering modes. I suppose the electronics came from the Nikon F-601, which is not a bad thing at all. The adventure did not last for long, the Pronea was received with the same lack of enthusiasm as the other two and rightly so. One last observation, there is no red line on the hand grip, like in every Nikon SLR, since the F3 (designed by Giuggiaro), I wonder why...
two cover illustrations for the official business and lifestyle magazine of the johannesburg stock exchange on consumer electronics and city planning. / august 2012
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This was a kit Lafayette introduced in the early 60's. A built version was called the HE-30. Radio was actually manufactured in Japan by Trio, which is now Kenwood.
Wanted to show the detail in a PCB and originally get the detail in the circuit with the solder but after looking at the different angles this is what I ended up showing the components at the same time with the reflection in the solder as a bonus because that was the shot I wanted. Happy with the end result.
Le Canon EOS D60 est un appareil photographique reflex numérique mono-objectif semi-professionnel de 6,3 mégapixels commercialisé par Canon en mars 2002
Il est le successeur de l'EOS D30 et le prédécesseur de l'EOS 10D.
Store closed September 2017
Malone, NY. October 2016.
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If you would like to use THIS picture in any sort of media elsewhere (such as newspaper or article), please send me a Flickrmail or send me an email at natehenderson6@gmail.com