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Oscar Schmidt durante a palestra "Obstinação". 26º Seminário Cooplantio - O produtor como diferencial no Agronegócio, que acontece de 20 a 22 de junho, no hotel Serrano, em Gramado, Rio Grande do Sul. FOTO: Jefferson Bernardes/Preview.com
Land Finance Hub Use and Registration Training at Yogyakarta with JAVLEC (Java Learning Center) & Formekers Indonesia (Forum for Furniture, Crafts, and Arts), 9 November 2022.
Photo by Perdana Putra/CIFOR-ICRAF
If you use one of our photos, please credit it accordingly and let us know. You can reach us through our Flickr account or at: cifor-mediainfo@cgiar.org
Community-Based Fire Prevention and Peatland Restoration Phase 2. Penyengat Village, Siak.
Photo by Perdana Putra/CIFOR-ICRAF
If you use one of our photos, please credit it accordingly and let us know. You can reach us through our Flickr account or at: cifor-mediainfo@cgiar.org and a.sanjaya@cgiar.org
Community-Based Fire Prevention and Peatland Restoration Phase 2. Penyengat Village, Siak.
Photo by Perdana Putra/CIFOR-ICRAF
If you use one of our photos, please credit it accordingly and let us know. You can reach us through our Flickr account or at: cifor-mediainfo@cgiar.org and a.sanjaya@cgiar.org
Land Finance Hub Use and Registration Training at Jepara with the Indonesia Wood Furniture Association (APKJ/Asosiasi Pengrajin Kayu Jepara), 8 November 2022.
Photo by Perdana Putra/CIFOR-ICRAF
If you use one of our photos, please credit it accordingly and let us know. You can reach us through our Flickr account or at: cifor-mediainfo@cgiar.org
Community-Based Fire Prevention and Peatland Restoration Phase 2. Penyengat Village, Siak.
Photo by Perdana Putra/CIFOR-ICRAF
If you use one of our photos, please credit it accordingly and let us know. You can reach us through our Flickr account or at: cifor-mediainfo@cgiar.org and a.sanjaya@cgiar.org
Metz, France - St Stephen's Cathedral
Saint-Étienne de Metz (French for "Saint-Stephen of Metz"), also known as Metz Cathedral, is a historic Roman Catholic cathedral in Metz, capital of Lorraine, France. Saint-Étienne de Metz is the cathedral of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Metz and the seat of the Bishop of Metz, currently Pierre Raffin.The cathedral treasury exhibits the millennium rich collection of the Bishopric of Metz, including paraments and items used for the Eucharist.
Saint-Stephen of Metz has one of the highest naves in the world. The cathedral is nicknamed the Good Lord's Lantern (French: la Lanterne du Bon Dieu), displaying the largest expanse of stained glass in the world with 6,496 m2 (69,920 sq ft). Those stained glass windows include works by Gothic and Renaissance master glass makers Hermann von Münster, Theobald of Lixheim, and Valentin Bousch and romantic Charles-Laurent Maréchal, tachist Roger Bissière, cubist Jacques Villon, and modernist Marc Chagall.
Built between 1220 and 1552, it is the product of the unification of two distinct churches. With its 42 metre high vaults, it is one of the highest Gothic edifices in Europe. With its 6,500 m² of stained glass windows, the nickname “God’s lantern” is well merited. There are windows from the 13th to the 20th centuries by Hermann de Münster, Thiebault de Lixheim, Valentin Bousch, Jacques Villon and Marc Chagall. These masterpieces of the art of fire and light form a veritable encyclopaedia of the art of stained glass.
Architecture
Saint-Stephen Cathedral is a Rayonnant Gothic edifice built with the local yellow Jaumont limestone. Like in French Gothic architecture, the building is compact, with slight projection of the transepts and subsidiary chapels. However, it displays singular, distinctive characteristics in both its ground plan and architecture compared to most of the other cathedrals. Because of topography of Moselle valley in Metz, the common west-east axis of the ground plan could not be applied and the church is oriented north-northeast. Moreover, unlike the French and German Gothic cathedrals having three portals surmounted by a rose window and two large towers, Saint-Stephen of Metz has a single porch at its western facade. One enters laterally in the edifice by another portal placed at the south-western side of the narthex, declining the usual alignment of the entrance with the choir.
The nave is supported by flying buttresses and culminates at 41.41 metres (135.9 ft) high, making one of the highest naves in the world. The height of the nave is contrasted by the relatively low height of the aisles with 14.3 metres (47 ft) high, reinforcing the sensation of tallness of the nave. This feature permitted the architects to create large, tall expanses of stained glass. Through its history, Saint-Stephen Cathedral was subjected to architectural and ornamental modifications with successive additions of Neoclassical and Neogothic elements.
Construction history
The edification of Saint-Stephen of Metz took place on an Ancient site from the 5th century consecrated to Saint Stephen protomartyr. According to Gregory of Tours, the shrine of Saint Stephen was the sole structure spared during the sack of 451 by Attila's Huns. The construction of the Gothic cathedral began in 1220 within the walls of an Ottonian basilica dating from the 10th century. The integration into the cathedral's ground plan of a Gothic chapel from the 12th century at the western end resulted in the absence of a main western portal; the south-western porch of the cathedral being the entrance of the former chapel. The work was completed around 1520 and the new cathedral was consecrated on 11 April 1552.
In 1755, French architect Jacques-François Blondel was awarded by the Royal Academy of Architecture to built a Neoclassical portal at the West end of the cathedral. He disengaged the cathedral's facade by razing an adjacent cloister and three attached churches and achieved the westwork in 1764.
In 1877, the Saint-Stephen of Metz was heavily damaged after a conflagration due to fireworks. After this incident, it was decided the refurbishment of the cathedral and its adornments within a Neogothic style. The western facade was completely rebuilt between 1898 and 1903; the Blondel's portal was demolished and a new Neogothic portal was added.
Saint-Stephen Cathedral Metz, France, is a Rayonnant Gothic edifice built with the local yellow Jaumont limestone. Like in French Gothic architecture, the building is compact, with slight projection of the transepts and subsidiary chapels. However, it displays singular, distinctive characteristics in both its ground plan and architecture compared to most of the other cathedrals. Because of topography of Moselle valley in Metz, the common west-east axis of the ground plan could not be applied and the church is oriented north-northeast. Moreover, unlike the French and German Gothic cathedrals having three portals surmounted by a rose window and two large towers, Saint-Stephen of Metz has a single porch at its western facade. One enters laterally in the edifice by another portal placed at the south-western side of the narthex, declining the usual alignment of the entrance with the choir. The nave is supported by flying buttresses and culminates at 41.41 metres high, making one of the highest naves in the world. The height of the nave is contrasted by the relatively low height of the aisles with 14.3 metres high, reinforcing the sensation of tallness of the nave. This feature permitted the architects to create large, tall expanses of stained glass. Through its history, Saint-Stephen Cathedral was subjected to architectural and ornamental modifications with successive additions of Neoclassical and Neogothic elements.
The edification of Saint-Stephen of Metz took place on an Ancient site from the 5th century. The construction of the Gothic cathedral began in 1220 within the walls of an Ottonian basilica dating from the 10th century. The integration into the cathedral's ground plan of a Gothic chapel from the 12th century at the western end resulted in the absence of a main western portal; the south-western porch of the cathedral being the entrance of the former chapel. The work was completed around 1520 and the new cathedral was consecrated on 11 April 1552. In 1755, French architect Jacques-François Blondel was awarded by the Royal Academy of Architecture to built a Neoclassical portal at the West end of the cathedral. He disengaged the cathedral's facade by razing an adjacent cloister and three attached churches and achieved the westwork in 1764. In 1877, the Saint-Stephen of Metz was heavily damaged after a conflagration due to fireworks. After this incident, it was decided the refurbishment of the cathedral and its adornments within a Neogothic style. The western facade was completely rebuilt between 1898 and 1903; the Blondel's portal was demolished and a new Neogothic portal was added.
Community-Based Fire Prevention and Peatland Restoration Phase 2. Penyengat Village, Siak.
Photo by Perdana Putra/CIFOR-ICRAF
If you use one of our photos, please credit it accordingly and let us know. You can reach us through our Flickr account or at: cifor-mediainfo@cgiar.org and a.sanjaya@cgiar.org
Land Finance Hub Use and Registration Training at Yogyakarta with JAVLEC (Java Learning Center) & Formekers Indonesia (Forum for Furniture, Crafts, and Arts), 9 November 2022.
Photo by Perdana Putra/CIFOR-ICRAF
If you use one of our photos, please credit it accordingly and let us know. You can reach us through our Flickr account or at: cifor-mediainfo@cgiar.org
Le projet d'édifier une mosquée à la Réunion date du début des années 1890. Il est le fait de commerçants originaires du Gujarat arrivés dans l'île deux ou trois décennies auparavant en provenance notamment de Surat. Le 20 avril 1892, six d'entre eux (agissant au nom d'environ 120 autres) acquièrent un immeuble au 111, rue du Grand-Chemin, devenue depuis rue du Maréchal-Leclerc. Il servira de lieu de culte informel pendant dix ans. En 1897, le gouverneur Beauchamp autorise l'édification d'une mosquée à cette adresse. Financée par une caisse alimentée par une somme forfaitaire prélevée sur les bénéfices des commerçants impliqués, sa construction selon les plans d'un ingénieur indien dure sept ans. Inaugurée le 28 novembre 1905, soit 21 ans avant celle de Paris, sa façade principale fait 15 mètres de long et la salle de prière peut contenir 150 fidèles. En 1960, des travaux d'agrandissement sont entrepris après acquisition d'une parcelle mitoyenne. Le nouveau bâtiment, inauguré le 3 août 1962, est partiellement ravagé par un incendie probablement déclenché par un court-circuit à l'étage d'un local commercial voisin le 12 octobre 1974. La façade en bois brûle complètement. La communauté musulmane de Saint-Denis se mobilise à nouveau pour financer de nouveaux travaux. Doté d'une façade commerciale longue de 38 mètres de long, le nouveau bâtiment est livré en 1979. La photo ci-dessus le représente donc peu de temps après son ouverture.
The project to build a mosque in Reunion dates from the early 1890s. It is the work of traders from Gujarat who arrived on the island two or three decades ago from Surat. On April 20, 1892, six of them (acting on behalf of about 120 others) acquired a building at 111, rue du Grand-Chemin, which had since become rue du Maréchal-Leclerc. It will serve as an informal place of worship for ten years. In 1897, Governor Beauchamp authorized the construction of a mosque at this address. Funded by a fund fed by a lump sum levied on the profits of traders involved, its construction according to the plans of an Indian engineer lasts seven years. Inaugurated on November 28, 1905, 21 years before that of Paris, its main facade is 15 meters long and the prayer room can hold 150 people. In 1960, expansion works are undertaken after acquisition of a semi-detached plot. The new building, inaugurated on August 3, 1962, is partially ravaged by a fire probably triggered by a short circuit on the floor of a nearby commercial space on October 12, 1974. The wooden facade burns completely. The Muslim community of Saint-Denis is mobilizing again to finance new work. With a commercial facade of 38 meters long, the new building is delivered in 1979. The photo above represents it not much time after its opening.
[Photo prise avec un Nikon FG-20]
Community-Based Fire Prevention and Peatland Restoration Phase 2. Kayu Ara Permai Village, Siak.
Photo by Perdana Putra/CIFOR-ICRAF
If you use one of our photos, please credit it accordingly and let us know. You can reach us through our Flickr account or at: cifor-mediainfo@cgiar.org and a.sanjaya@cgiar.org
Community-Based Fire Prevention and Peatland Restoration Phase 2. Penyengat Village, Siak.
Photo by Perdana Putra/CIFOR-ICRAF
If you use one of our photos, please credit it accordingly and let us know. You can reach us through our Flickr account or at: cifor-mediainfo@cgiar.org and a.sanjaya@cgiar.org
Land Finance Hub Use and Registration Training at Jepara with the Indonesia Wood Furniture Association (APKJ/Asosiasi Pengrajin Kayu Jepara), 8 November 2022.
Photo by Perdana Putra/CIFOR-ICRAF
If you use one of our photos, please credit it accordingly and let us know. You can reach us through our Flickr account or at: cifor-mediainfo@cgiar.org
Land Finance Hub Use and Registration Training at Yogyakarta with JAVLEC (Java Learning Center) & Formekers Indonesia (Forum for Furniture, Crafts, and Arts), 9 November 2022.
Photo by Perdana Putra/CIFOR-ICRAF
If you use one of our photos, please credit it accordingly and let us know. You can reach us through our Flickr account or at: cifor-mediainfo@cgiar.org
Metz, France - St Stephen's Cathedral
Saint-Étienne de Metz (French for "Saint-Stephen of Metz"), also known as Metz Cathedral, is a historic Roman Catholic cathedral in Metz, capital of Lorraine, France. Saint-Étienne de Metz is the cathedral of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Metz and the seat of the Bishop of Metz, currently Pierre Raffin.The cathedral treasury exhibits the millennium rich collection of the Bishopric of Metz, including paraments and items used for the Eucharist.
Saint-Stephen of Metz has one of the highest naves in the world. The cathedral is nicknamed the Good Lord's Lantern (French: la Lanterne du Bon Dieu), displaying the largest expanse of stained glass in the world with 6,496 m2 (69,920 sq ft). Those stained glass windows include works by Gothic and Renaissance master glass makers Hermann von Münster, Theobald of Lixheim, and Valentin Bousch and romantic Charles-Laurent Maréchal, tachist Roger Bissière, cubist Jacques Villon, and modernist Marc Chagall.
Built between 1220 and 1552, it is the product of the unification of two distinct churches. With its 42 metre high vaults, it is one of the highest Gothic edifices in Europe. With its 6,500 m² of stained glass windows, the nickname “God’s lantern” is well merited. There are windows from the 13th to the 20th centuries by Hermann de Münster, Thiebault de Lixheim, Valentin Bousch, Jacques Villon and Marc Chagall. These masterpieces of the art of fire and light form a veritable encyclopaedia of the art of stained glass.
Architecture
Saint-Stephen Cathedral is a Rayonnant Gothic edifice built with the local yellow Jaumont limestone. Like in French Gothic architecture, the building is compact, with slight projection of the transepts and subsidiary chapels. However, it displays singular, distinctive characteristics in both its ground plan and architecture compared to most of the other cathedrals. Because of topography of Moselle valley in Metz, the common west-east axis of the ground plan could not be applied and the church is oriented north-northeast. Moreover, unlike the French and German Gothic cathedrals having three portals surmounted by a rose window and two large towers, Saint-Stephen of Metz has a single porch at its western facade. One enters laterally in the edifice by another portal placed at the south-western side of the narthex, declining the usual alignment of the entrance with the choir.
The nave is supported by flying buttresses and culminates at 41.41 metres (135.9 ft) high, making one of the highest naves in the world. The height of the nave is contrasted by the relatively low height of the aisles with 14.3 metres (47 ft) high, reinforcing the sensation of tallness of the nave. This feature permitted the architects to create large, tall expanses of stained glass. Through its history, Saint-Stephen Cathedral was subjected to architectural and ornamental modifications with successive additions of Neoclassical and Neogothic elements.
Construction history
The edification of Saint-Stephen of Metz took place on an Ancient site from the 5th century consecrated to Saint Stephen protomartyr. According to Gregory of Tours, the shrine of Saint Stephen was the sole structure spared during the sack of 451 by Attila's Huns. The construction of the Gothic cathedral began in 1220 within the walls of an Ottonian basilica dating from the 10th century. The integration into the cathedral's ground plan of a Gothic chapel from the 12th century at the western end resulted in the absence of a main western portal; the south-western porch of the cathedral being the entrance of the former chapel. The work was completed around 1520 and the new cathedral was consecrated on 11 April 1552.
In 1755, French architect Jacques-François Blondel was awarded by the Royal Academy of Architecture to built a Neoclassical portal at the West end of the cathedral. He disengaged the cathedral's facade by razing an adjacent cloister and three attached churches and achieved the westwork in 1764.
In 1877, the Saint-Stephen of Metz was heavily damaged after a conflagration due to fireworks. After this incident, it was decided the refurbishment of the cathedral and its adornments within a Neogothic style. The western facade was completely rebuilt between 1898 and 1903; the Blondel's portal was demolished and a new Neogothic portal was added.
Community-Based Fire Prevention and Peatland Restoration Phase 2. Penyengat Village, Siak.
Photo by Perdana Putra/CIFOR-ICRAF
If you use one of our photos, please credit it accordingly and let us know. You can reach us through our Flickr account or at: cifor-mediainfo@cgiar.org and a.sanjaya@cgiar.org
Land Finance Hub Use and Registration Training at Jepara with the Indonesia Wood Furniture Association (APKJ/Asosiasi Pengrajin Kayu Jepara), 8 November 2022.
Photo by Perdana Putra/CIFOR-ICRAF
If you use one of our photos, please credit it accordingly and let us know. You can reach us through our Flickr account or at: cifor-mediainfo@cgiar.org
Portmeirion is a popular tourist village in Gwynedd, North Wales. It was designed and built by Sir Clough Williams-Ellis between 1925 and 1975 in the style of an Italian village and is now owned by a charitable trust.
Portmeirion has served as the location for numerous films and television shows, most famously serving as The Village in the 1960s television show The Prisoner.
Lugar: San José de Chamanga, Ecuador
Día: 29 de abril de 2016
Descripción (ENG): Angel Pata, 16, rows his family canoe at the Mache river in San José de Chamanga. The Pata family engaged in fishing for living. An earthquake hit the place on April 16 destroying several houses and public edifications.
Land Finance Hub Use and Registration Training at Yogyakarta with JAVLEC (Java Learning Center) & Formekers Indonesia (Forum for Furniture, Crafts, and Arts), 9 November 2022.
Photo by Perdana Putra/CIFOR-ICRAF
If you use one of our photos, please credit it accordingly and let us know. You can reach us through our Flickr account or at: cifor-mediainfo@cgiar.org
Land Finance Hub Use and Registration Training at Yogyakarta with JAVLEC (Java Learning Center) & Formekers Indonesia (Forum for Furniture, Crafts, and Arts), 9 November 2022.
Photo by Perdana Putra/CIFOR-ICRAF
If you use one of our photos, please credit it accordingly and let us know. You can reach us through our Flickr account or at: cifor-mediainfo@cgiar.org
The oldest documented structure surviving in the City of Petersburg, Old Blandford Church preserves an important, if difficult, history for its region. Bristol Parish was established by an Act of Assembly in 1643, separated from Martins Brandon Parish. At the time that the present brick church was built in 1735, Bristol Parish had grown to over 2,000 parishioners only to suddenly decline when two new parishes were erected within its former boundaries. Construction of the new parish church at Blandford was completed in two years, a brick church of Georgian design laid in Flemish bond with glazed headers and oriented on an east-west axis. Entrance to the church was permitted through a large door on the west end and a smaller on placed on the south side of the altar near the east end. The parish church was designed and built by Thomas Ravenswood at a cost of 485 pounds and was believed to have been modeled on Merchant's Hope Church in nearby Hopewell.
Soon after the completion of the Bristol Parish Church, the congregation witnessed a sermon by Rev. George Whitfield, an early Methodist evangelist whose tour of the English colonies in North America was the culmination of the first Great Awakening.
Given its location on the Appomattox River, Petersburg developed quickly to become a prosperous port town. Bristol Parish grew to the extent that he vestry ordered the addition of a wing to the north side of the parish church in 1752. The work was overseen by Col. Richard Bland and took several years to complete. The final payment of 400 pounds for the work was made by the vestry in 1767. In addition to the north wing of the church, a brick wall was erected around the churchyard which remains intact today.
Services continued to be held at Blandford Church through the disestablishment, but the continued growth of Petersburg led to the removal of the congregation to a new church built in the downtown. By 1806, the old parish church was abandoned and in 1818, the building was sold to John Grammer who in turn donated the church along with much of the surrounding land to the city for use as a cemetery. During the Civil War, Old Blandford Church was used as a telegraph station and was hit by at least three shells during the siege of the city in 1864/65.
In 1889, the Ladies Memorial Association began its connection with the property, purchasing pews and a podium to accommodate public speaking engagements within the church which the city had restored a few years earlier. In 1901, the building was transferred to the association which proceeded to convert the church into a memorial for Confederate soldiers. The Ladies Memorial Association solicited funds from the former Confederate states to procure Tiffany stained glass windows for the church. These windows were installed and dedicated in 1912 in a ceremony that came during the height of southern edification and "Lost Cause" mythology that increased post-Reconstruction tension between white and African American populations in the United States and a rise in hate crimes and Jim Crow discrimination.
For visitors today, Old Blandford Church should stand as a paradox. The ancient brick walls and elegant wall surrounding the aged stones of its churchyard instill a deep sense of history. This beauty stands in sharp contrast as one walks by Confederate battle flags and views windows which glorify rebellion against the United States for the sake of an abhorrent institution. This provocative juxtaposition leaves one with deep questions upon exiting the churchyard at Old Blandford.
Community-Based Fire Prevention and Peatland Restoration Phase 2. Kayu Ara Permai Village, Siak.
Photo by Perdana Putra/CIFOR-ICRAF
If you use one of our photos, please credit it accordingly and let us know. You can reach us through our Flickr account or at: cifor-mediainfo@cgiar.org and a.sanjaya@cgiar.org
Land Finance Hub Use and Registration Training at Jepara with the Indonesia Wood Furniture Association (APKJ/Asosiasi Pengrajin Kayu Jepara), 8 November 2022.
Photo by Perdana Putra/CIFOR-ICRAF
If you use one of our photos, please credit it accordingly and let us know. You can reach us through our Flickr account or at: cifor-mediainfo@cgiar.org
Ma and Pa Sunshine came to visit me in New York around the time of my birthday, in celebration thereof, and being generally high-minded and cultured folks, we toddled off to the Metropolitan Museum of Art to take in some edification on a delightfully crisp Saturday afternoon. We each got to choose a section to visit: Ma Sunshine chose the newly-remodeled Egyptology wing, Pa Sunshine favoured a special exhibition on Chinese hardstone carvings, and I opted for the Met's wide collection of archaic musical instruments. The galleries for these wrap around the second floor, and a bridge overlooks the Met's equally impressive arms and armour displays on the main floor, displayed here.
I particularly liked getting the chandelier reflected in the display case at the very base of the image, in the center. Adds a nice grounding point, I think.
Community-Based Fire Prevention and Peatland Restoration Phase 2. Kayu Ara Permai Village, Siak.
Photo by Perdana Putra/CIFOR-ICRAF
If you use one of our photos, please credit it accordingly and let us know. You can reach us through our Flickr account or at: cifor-mediainfo@cgiar.org and a.sanjaya@cgiar.org
Metz, France - St Stephen's Cathedral
Saint-Étienne de Metz (French for "Saint-Stephen of Metz"), also known as Metz Cathedral, is a historic Roman Catholic cathedral in Metz, capital of Lorraine, France. Saint-Étienne de Metz is the cathedral of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Metz and the seat of the Bishop of Metz, currently Pierre Raffin.The cathedral treasury exhibits the millennium rich collection of the Bishopric of Metz, including paraments and items used for the Eucharist.
Saint-Stephen of Metz has one of the highest naves in the world. The cathedral is nicknamed the Good Lord's Lantern (French: la Lanterne du Bon Dieu), displaying the largest expanse of stained glass in the world with 6,496 m2 (69,920 sq ft). Those stained glass windows include works by Gothic and Renaissance master glass makers Hermann von Münster, Theobald of Lixheim, and Valentin Bousch and romantic Charles-Laurent Maréchal, tachist Roger Bissière, cubist Jacques Villon, and modernist Marc Chagall.
Built between 1220 and 1552, it is the product of the unification of two distinct churches. With its 42 metre high vaults, it is one of the highest Gothic edifices in Europe. With its 6,500 m² of stained glass windows, the nickname “God’s lantern” is well merited. There are windows from the 13th to the 20th centuries by Hermann de Münster, Thiebault de Lixheim, Valentin Bousch, Jacques Villon and Marc Chagall. These masterpieces of the art of fire and light form a veritable encyclopaedia of the art of stained glass.
Architecture
Saint-Stephen Cathedral is a Rayonnant Gothic edifice built with the local yellow Jaumont limestone. Like in French Gothic architecture, the building is compact, with slight projection of the transepts and subsidiary chapels. However, it displays singular, distinctive characteristics in both its ground plan and architecture compared to most of the other cathedrals. Because of topography of Moselle valley in Metz, the common west-east axis of the ground plan could not be applied and the church is oriented north-northeast. Moreover, unlike the French and German Gothic cathedrals having three portals surmounted by a rose window and two large towers, Saint-Stephen of Metz has a single porch at its western facade. One enters laterally in the edifice by another portal placed at the south-western side of the narthex, declining the usual alignment of the entrance with the choir.
The nave is supported by flying buttresses and culminates at 41.41 metres (135.9 ft) high, making one of the highest naves in the world. The height of the nave is contrasted by the relatively low height of the aisles with 14.3 metres (47 ft) high, reinforcing the sensation of tallness of the nave. This feature permitted the architects to create large, tall expanses of stained glass. Through its history, Saint-Stephen Cathedral was subjected to architectural and ornamental modifications with successive additions of Neoclassical and Neogothic elements.
Construction history
The edification of Saint-Stephen of Metz took place on an Ancient site from the 5th century consecrated to Saint Stephen protomartyr. According to Gregory of Tours, the shrine of Saint Stephen was the sole structure spared during the sack of 451 by Attila's Huns. The construction of the Gothic cathedral began in 1220 within the walls of an Ottonian basilica dating from the 10th century. The integration into the cathedral's ground plan of a Gothic chapel from the 12th century at the western end resulted in the absence of a main western portal; the south-western porch of the cathedral being the entrance of the former chapel. The work was completed around 1520 and the new cathedral was consecrated on 11 April 1552.
In 1755, French architect Jacques-François Blondel was awarded by the Royal Academy of Architecture to built a Neoclassical portal at the West end of the cathedral. He disengaged the cathedral's facade by razing an adjacent cloister and three attached churches and achieved the westwork in 1764.
In 1877, the Saint-Stephen of Metz was heavily damaged after a conflagration due to fireworks. After this incident, it was decided the refurbishment of the cathedral and its adornments within a Neogothic style. The western facade was completely rebuilt between 1898 and 1903; the Blondel's portal was demolished and a new Neogothic portal was added.
Community-Based Fire Prevention and Peatland Restoration Phase 2. Penyengat Village, Siak.
Photo by Perdana Putra/CIFOR-ICRAF
If you use one of our photos, please credit it accordingly and let us know. You can reach us through our Flickr account or at: cifor-mediainfo@cgiar.org and a.sanjaya@cgiar.org
Land Finance Hub Use and Registration Training at Yogyakarta with JAVLEC (Java Learning Center) & Formekers Indonesia (Forum for Furniture, Crafts, and Arts), 9 November 2022.
Photo by Perdana Putra/CIFOR-ICRAF
If you use one of our photos, please credit it accordingly and let us know. You can reach us through our Flickr account or at: cifor-mediainfo@cgiar.org
The oldest documented structure surviving in the City of Petersburg, Old Blandford Church preserves an important, if difficult, history for its region. Bristol Parish was established by an Act of Assembly in 1643, separated from Martins Brandon Parish. At the time that the present brick church was built in 1735, Bristol Parish had grown to over 2,000 parishioners only to suddenly decline when two new parishes were erected within its former boundaries. Construction of the new parish church at Blandford was completed in two years, a brick church of Georgian design laid in Flemish bond with glazed headers and oriented on an east-west axis. Entrance to the church was permitted through a large door on the west end and a smaller on placed on the south side of the altar near the east end. The parish church was designed and built by Thomas Ravenswood at a cost of 485 pounds and was believed to have been modeled on Merchant's Hope Church in nearby Hopewell.
Soon after the completion of the Bristol Parish Church, the congregation witnessed a sermon by Rev. George Whitfield, an early Methodist evangelist whose tour of the English colonies in North America was the culmination of the first Great Awakening.
Given its location on the Appomattox River, Petersburg developed quickly to become a prosperous port town. Bristol Parish grew to the extent that he vestry ordered the addition of a wing to the north side of the parish church in 1752. The work was overseen by Col. Richard Bland and took several years to complete. The final payment of 400 pounds for the work was made by the vestry in 1767. In addition to the north wing of the church, a brick wall was erected around the churchyard which remains intact today.
Services continued to be held at Blandford Church through the disestablishment, but the continued growth of Petersburg led to the removal of the congregation to a new church built in the downtown. By 1806, the old parish church was abandoned and in 1818, the building was sold to John Grammer who in turn donated the church along with much of the surrounding land to the city for use as a cemetery. During the Civil War, Old Blandford Church was used as a telegraph station and was hit by at least three shells during the siege of the city in 1864/65.
In 1889, the Ladies Memorial Association began its connection with the property, purchasing pews and a podium to accommodate public speaking engagements within the church which the city had restored a few years earlier. In 1901, the building was transferred to the association which proceeded to convert the church into a memorial for Confederate soldiers. The Ladies Memorial Association solicited funds from the former Confederate states to procure Tiffany stained glass windows for the church. These windows were installed and dedicated in 1912 in a ceremony that came during the height of southern edification and "Lost Cause" mythology that increased post-Reconstruction tension between white and African American populations in the United States and a rise in hate crimes and Jim Crow discrimination.
For visitors today, Old Blandford Church should stand as a paradox. The ancient brick walls and elegant wall surrounding the aged stones of its churchyard instill a deep sense of history. This beauty stands in sharp contrast as one walks by Confederate battle flags and views windows which glorify rebellion against the United States for the sake of an abhorrent institution. This provocative juxtaposition leaves one with deep questions upon exiting the churchyard at Old Blandford.
Community forestry meeting in Romee - DRC.
Photo by Axel Fassio/CIFOR-ICRAF
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The oldest documented structure surviving in the City of Petersburg, Old Blandford Church preserves an important, if difficult, history for its region. Bristol Parish was established by an Act of Assembly in 1643, separated from Martins Brandon Parish. At the time that the present brick church was built in 1735, Bristol Parish had grown to over 2,000 parishioners only to suddenly decline when two new parishes were erected within its former boundaries. Construction of the new parish church at Blandford was completed in two years, a brick church of Georgian design laid in Flemish bond with glazed headers and oriented on an east-west axis. Entrance to the church was permitted through a large door on the west end and a smaller on placed on the south side of the altar near the east end. The parish church was designed and built by Thomas Ravenswood at a cost of 485 pounds and was believed to have been modeled on Merchant's Hope Church in nearby Hopewell.
Soon after the completion of the Bristol Parish Church, the congregation witnessed a sermon by Rev. George Whitfield, an early Methodist evangelist whose tour of the English colonies in North America was the culmination of the first Great Awakening.
Given its location on the Appomattox River, Petersburg developed quickly to become a prosperous port town. Bristol Parish grew to the extent that he vestry ordered the addition of a wing to the north side of the parish church in 1752. The work was overseen by Col. Richard Bland and took several years to complete. The final payment of 400 pounds for the work was made by the vestry in 1767. In addition to the north wing of the church, a brick wall was erected around the churchyard which remains intact today.
Services continued to be held at Blandford Church through the disestablishment, but the continued growth of Petersburg led to the removal of the congregation to a new church built in the downtown. By 1806, the old parish church was abandoned and in 1818, the building was sold to John Grammer who in turn donated the church along with much of the surrounding land to the city for use as a cemetery. During the Civil War, Old Blandford Church was used as a telegraph station and was hit by at least three shells during the siege of the city in 1864/65.
In 1889, the Ladies Memorial Association began its connection with the property, purchasing pews and a podium to accommodate public speaking engagements within the church which the city had restored a few years earlier. In 1901, the building was transferred to the association which proceeded to convert the church into a memorial for Confederate soldiers. The Ladies Memorial Association solicited funds from the former Confederate states to procure Tiffany stained glass windows for the church. These windows were installed and dedicated in 1912 in a ceremony that came during the height of southern edification and "Lost Cause" mythology that increased post-Reconstruction tension between white and African American populations in the United States and a rise in hate crimes and Jim Crow discrimination.
For visitors today, Old Blandford Church should stand as a paradox. The ancient brick walls and elegant wall surrounding the aged stones of its churchyard instill a deep sense of history. This beauty stands in sharp contrast as one walks by Confederate battle flags and views windows which glorify rebellion against the United States for the sake of an abhorrent institution. This provocative juxtaposition leaves one with deep questions upon exiting the churchyard at Old Blandford.
Metz, France - St Stephen's Cathedral
Saint-Étienne de Metz (French for "Saint-Stephen of Metz"), also known as Metz Cathedral, is a historic Roman Catholic cathedral in Metz, capital of Lorraine, France. Saint-Étienne de Metz is the cathedral of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Metz and the seat of the Bishop of Metz, currently Pierre Raffin.The cathedral treasury exhibits the millennium rich collection of the Bishopric of Metz, including paraments and items used for the Eucharist.
Saint-Stephen of Metz has one of the highest naves in the world. The cathedral is nicknamed the Good Lord's Lantern (French: la Lanterne du Bon Dieu), displaying the largest expanse of stained glass in the world with 6,496 m2 (69,920 sq ft). Those stained glass windows include works by Gothic and Renaissance master glass makers Hermann von Münster, Theobald of Lixheim, and Valentin Bousch and romantic Charles-Laurent Maréchal, tachist Roger Bissière, cubist Jacques Villon, and modernist Marc Chagall.
Built between 1220 and 1552, it is the product of the unification of two distinct churches. With its 42 metre high vaults, it is one of the highest Gothic edifices in Europe. With its 6,500 m² of stained glass windows, the nickname “God’s lantern” is well merited. There are windows from the 13th to the 20th centuries by Hermann de Münster, Thiebault de Lixheim, Valentin Bousch, Jacques Villon and Marc Chagall. These masterpieces of the art of fire and light form a veritable encyclopaedia of the art of stained glass.
Architecture
Saint-Stephen Cathedral is a Rayonnant Gothic edifice built with the local yellow Jaumont limestone. Like in French Gothic architecture, the building is compact, with slight projection of the transepts and subsidiary chapels. However, it displays singular, distinctive characteristics in both its ground plan and architecture compared to most of the other cathedrals. Because of topography of Moselle valley in Metz, the common west-east axis of the ground plan could not be applied and the church is oriented north-northeast. Moreover, unlike the French and German Gothic cathedrals having three portals surmounted by a rose window and two large towers, Saint-Stephen of Metz has a single porch at its western facade. One enters laterally in the edifice by another portal placed at the south-western side of the narthex, declining the usual alignment of the entrance with the choir.
The nave is supported by flying buttresses and culminates at 41.41 metres (135.9 ft) high, making one of the highest naves in the world. The height of the nave is contrasted by the relatively low height of the aisles with 14.3 metres (47 ft) high, reinforcing the sensation of tallness of the nave. This feature permitted the architects to create large, tall expanses of stained glass. Through its history, Saint-Stephen Cathedral was subjected to architectural and ornamental modifications with successive additions of Neoclassical and Neogothic elements.
Construction history
The edification of Saint-Stephen of Metz took place on an Ancient site from the 5th century consecrated to Saint Stephen protomartyr. According to Gregory of Tours, the shrine of Saint Stephen was the sole structure spared during the sack of 451 by Attila's Huns. The construction of the Gothic cathedral began in 1220 within the walls of an Ottonian basilica dating from the 10th century. The integration into the cathedral's ground plan of a Gothic chapel from the 12th century at the western end resulted in the absence of a main western portal; the south-western porch of the cathedral being the entrance of the former chapel. The work was completed around 1520 and the new cathedral was consecrated on 11 April 1552.
In 1755, French architect Jacques-François Blondel was awarded by the Royal Academy of Architecture to built a Neoclassical portal at the West end of the cathedral. He disengaged the cathedral's facade by razing an adjacent cloister and three attached churches and achieved the westwork in 1764.
In 1877, the Saint-Stephen of Metz was heavily damaged after a conflagration due to fireworks. After this incident, it was decided the refurbishment of the cathedral and its adornments within a Neogothic style. The western facade was completely rebuilt between 1898 and 1903; the Blondel's portal was demolished and a new Neogothic portal was added.