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Excerpt from en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fukuyama_Castle:
Fukuyama Castle (福山城, Fukuyama-jō), sometimes called Hisamatsu Castle (久松城, Hisamatsu-jō) or Iyō Castle (葦陽城, Iyō-jō) was the castle of the Bingo-Fukuyama Han during the Edo period of Japanese history. The grounds of the castle have been designated a National Historic Site since 1964. The castle is located in Fukuyama Park in Fukuyama, Hiroshima near Fukuyama Station.
Fukuyama Castle is located at a hill in the center of Fukuyama city. Prior to the Edo Period, this area was a large tidal flat. The Sanyōdō highway, which connects the Kinai region with Kyushu, ran to the north of the modern city center, and Tomonoura, a port on the Seto Inland Sea from the Heian period, was to the south. The main power center for Bingo Province was at Kannabe Castle to the northeast. After the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, Fukushima Masanori was awarded control of both Aki Province and Bingo Province; however, in 1619, the Tokugawa shogunate used the pretext that he had made repairs to Hiroshima Castle without permission to seize a portion of his domain, awarding a 100,000 koku portion of Bingo Province to Tokugawa Ieyasu's cousin, Mizuno Katsunari. Katsunari had an outstanding military record and it was expected that he would act as a bulwark on the Sanyōdō highway against possible rebellion by the powerful tozama daimyō of western Japan, such as the Mōri clan. Mizuno found that Kannabe Castle was located in a narrow mountain valley and was inconvenient both to manage his domain and to defend against attack, some received a special exception from the shogunate's "one domain - one castle" rule to build a new castle and castle town on reclaimed land. Construction started in 1619 and was completed in 1622.
The new Fukuyama Castle occupied a hill with a length of 400 meters and width of 200 meters. The inner bailey occupies the southern half of the hill, and contains a five-story tenshu at its northern edge. The southern edge was protected by two yagura turrets.The Fushimi yagura was a white three-story structure transferred from abolished Fushimi Castle in Kyoto. The Tsukumi yagura has a red handrail balcony. Between these two yagura is the main gate of the castle, also transferred from Fushimi Castle.
The secondary bailey occupied the north half of the hill, and outer bailey surrounded south half of the hill. Fukuyama Castle had seven three-story yagura and 15 smaller yagura, and tall stone walls, and was surrounded by water moats, connected by canal to the Seto Inland Sea.
The Mizuno clan was replaced by the Abe clan was rulers of Fukuyama Domain in 1698 and governed to the Meiji restoration. Although the various Abe daimyō played important political roles in the administration of the shogunate, they seldom visited the domain in person. During the Boshin War, Fukuyama Castle was attacked by the Chōshū army in January 1868, but the domain defected to the Imperial side and the castle was spared destruction.
After the Meiji Restoration, most of the buildings except for the tenshu and a number of yagura were demolished. The castle grounds became a public park. In 1931, the tenshu was designed a "National Treasure" under the former Cultural Properties Protection Law. However, the tenshu burned down during World War II. Much of outer areas of the castle grounds disappeared due to the construction of railways and urban development. Fukuyama Station was built directly adjacent to the inner bailey of the castle and the tenshu can be seen clearly from its platforms.
Drip development with lith developer. Method described here... remorseblog.blogspot.com/2023/03/drip-development.html
A new Pelargonium blossom emerges from its green cocoon to join the world of nature.
Only the second cluster I have had the pleasure of enjoying during their rather brief period of perfection.
To all who have kindly faved and commented on this image, thanks come from my heart.
more than 30 years ago a trip to the province meant stepping back in time . provincial life was a laid back rural community. people in those days will take a stroll in the park just before dusk and would normally be home before it gets too dark. so for the city dweller a quick break in the province is a welcome relief from the busy , chaotic city life. fast forward 30 years later, 2019, this is how most popular provinces look now, new malls, more establishments and other modern conveniences, a replica of a major city in a smaller scale.
Mobile homes in Pacifica, California. Every unit comes with its million-dollar-worth sunset view for free.
Minolta X-570
Minolta MD Rokkor-X 45mm f/2
Kentmere Pan 100
Self developed in Kodak XTOL-R, and scanned with DSLR (Nikon D610 + Tokina 100mm f/2.8 macro lens).
While out shooting a developing tornado, seen blurry in the background, the camera focused on the heavy rain the foreground.
Enterprise City Park, AL, USA
This is what they look like in mid development stage.
Ff_IMG_8281, 10 Jul 07
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Das Logo bezieht sich auf die vielfältigen Veranstaltungen und Ausstellungen im Jahr 2025, für das Chemnitz zu einer der zwei Kulturhauptstädte Europas gewählt worden war.
The logo refers to the diverse events and exhibitions in 2025, for which Chemnitz was chosen as one of the two European Capitals of Culture.
The imperial city of Chemnitz was founded in the 12th century, emerging from a Benedictine monastery. Its rise as an important trading centre in the foothills of the Ore Mountains was followed by the establishment of the city as a commercial and later industrial location in the wake of the emerging mining industry in the Ore Mountains in the 16th century. Supported primarily by coal mining in western Saxony, Chemnitz developed into one of the most important centres of German mechanical engineering and the textile industry in the 19th century. During this period, Chemnitz was also known as Little Manchester or Rußchemnitz. In the 1920, it was a leading city in the European textile market. Auto Union (today Audi) was founded 1932 in Chemnitz. In the 1930s, the three busiest squares in the Greater German Reich were Potsdamer Platz in Berlin, Stachus in Munich and Johannisplatz in Chemnitz, of which nothing remains today except the name. Its economic importance made Chemnitz a primary target for Allied air forces during the Second World War, resulting in the city being almost completely destroyed in February 1945. Even after the Second World War and the reconstruction of the destroyed industrial plants, Chemnitz remained one of the most important industrial centres in the GDR, the East German state founded in 1949.. On 10 May 1953, the city was renamed by decision of the East German government to Karl-Marx-Stadt (Karl Marx City) after Karl Marx, in recognition of its industrial heritage and the Karl Marx Year marking the 135th anniversary of his birth and the 70th anniversary of his death.After the city centre was destroyed in World War II, the East German authorities attempted to rebuild it to symbolise the conceptions of urban development of a socialist city. The historic layout of the city centre at that time was rejected in favour of a new road network. However, the original plans were not completed.. After the peaceful revolution of 1989 in the GDR, but still before the German reunification, a referendum on the future name of the city was held on 23 April 1990, : 76% of the voters voted for the old name "Chemnitz". On 1 June 1990, the city was officially renamed. After the reunification of Germany on 3 October 1990, the city of Chemnitz faced several difficult tasks. Many inhabitants migrated to the former West Germany and unemployment in the region increased sharply..Since than, the layout of the city centre has been changed fundamentally with the collaboration of renowned international architects Most of its industry is now gone and the core of the city has been rebuilt with many shops as well as huge shopping centres. . Chemnitz has had to reinvent itself, like so many times before in its long history. This process has led to ithe election of the city as one of the two Capitals of European Culture in 2025.
Sources:
wikitravel.org/de/Chemnitz and en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemnitz
The light was amazing this afternoon, and I had a little stroll along the banks of the Thames between Vauxhall and Chelsea Bridge.
When I got to Chelsea Bridge I was dismayed to discover that the once unobstructed view of Battersea Power Station has now been completely destroyed by the new Circus West development complex. So sad ...
Ramsgate revitalised !! The old Pavilion is now a Wetherspoons...Rebuilt rather grandly...Have a lovely weekend my friends..
Colourful housing development clings to the hillsides around Quito, Ecuador’s capital.
Quito, Ecuador. September 2023. © David Hill
The housing development in center background sprung out of a gravel pit-turned-concrete landfill like mushrooms from a swamp. Not only is there no drainage from the hole they were built in, but as part of the deal for the construction of the Spanish Fork Parkway road the city of Spanish Fork closed one of two grade crossings, leaving this development with only one way in or out and thus geographically isolated from everywhere else. An eastbound Intermountain Power Project coal empty speeds by as trains have for the past century, 12 October 2024.
Agfa Ambi Silette, Color Ambion 35mm f4, Ilford Delta 100 at EI 50. D76 1:3, 15min at 20C. Epson V750 at 2400ppi.